> top > docs > PMC:7556165 > spans > 10685-18354 > annotations

PMC:7556165 / 10685-18354 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

LitCovid-sample-MedDRA

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue meddra_id
T51 779-788 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes estradiol http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10030227
T52 1474-1477 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes ACE http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10050289
T53 1517-1522 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes renin http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10038555
T54 1747-1750 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes ACE http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10050289
T55 5171-5180 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes Vitamin D http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10050713
T56 5250-5259 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes Vitamin D http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10050713
T57 5473-5482 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes Vitamin D http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10050713
T58 5598-5601 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes ACE http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10050289
T59 5896-5899 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes ACE http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10050289

LitCovid-sample-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T58 211-215 Chemical denotes male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30780
T59 779-788 Chemical denotes estradiol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23965
T60 816-823 Chemical denotes steroid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35341
T61 1083-1087 Chemical denotes male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30780
T62 1478-1485 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T63 1523-1534 Chemical denotes angiotensin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48433
T64 2521-2528 Chemical denotes histone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15358
T65 2704-2711 Chemical denotes histone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15358
T66 3008-3016 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T67 3231-3234 Chemical denotes DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16991
T68 3498-3505 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T69 4220-4227 Chemical denotes Histone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15358
T70 4315-4318 Chemical denotes NAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13389|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15846
T72 4564-4567 Chemical denotes DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16991
T73 4593-4596 Chemical denotes CpG http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_165823
T74 5171-5180 Chemical denotes Vitamin D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_89324
T75 5250-5259 Chemical denotes Vitamin D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_89324
T76 5473-5482 Chemical denotes Vitamin D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_89324
T77 5665-5673 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T78 6004-6008 Chemical denotes mRNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33699
T79 6272-6276 Chemical denotes mRNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33699

LitCovid-sample-PD-NCBITaxon

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue ncbi_taxonomy_id
T36 666-671 Species denotes human NCBItxid:9606
T37 1188-1196 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T38 1231-1241 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 NCBItxid:2697049
T39 1231-1235 Species denotes SARS NCBItxid:694009
T40 1284-1292 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T41 1406-1411 Species denotes human NCBItxid:9606
T42 3601-3606 Species denotes human NCBItxid:9606
T43 3900-3905 Species denotes human NCBItxid:9606
T44 5486-5494 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T45 5542-5552 Species denotes Sars-CoV-2 NCBItxid:2697049
T46 7371-7381 Species denotes Sars-CoV-2 NCBItxid:2697049

LitCovid-sample-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T74 0-80 Sentence denotes Transcriptional, Post-transcriptional, and Post-translational Regulation of ACE2
T75 81-364 Sentence denotes The location of the ACE2 gene on the X chromosome questions whether one of the two ACE2 is silenced in females, to balance female/male expression dosage (X chromosome inactivation or XCI), or otherwise belongs to the class of “escape genes” which are transcribed on both chromosomes.
T76 365-553 Sentence denotes Interestingly, a wide survey of XCI in several individuals and tissues showed that ACE2 is a heterogeneous escape gene, because it has a tissue-dependent sex bias (Tukiainen et al., 2017).
T77 554-706 Sentence denotes A growing number of recent findings point to an important role of epigenetic mechanisms associated with several human diseases (Surguchov et al., 2017).
T78 707-881 Sentence denotes In this context, several authors highlighted the regulatory role of 17β-estradiol (E2), a primary female sex steroid, in the expression of ACE2 in a tissue-dependent fashion.
T79 882-1030 Sentence denotes Liu et al. (2010) and Stelzig et al. (2020) found out that E2 downregulates ACE2 in kidney and differentiated airway epithelial cells, respectively.
T80 1031-1313 Sentence denotes The latter result is particularly important, as the male-bias of ACE2 expression in the lung could account for the alleged higher susceptibility of males to COVID-19 symptoms following ACE2-dependent SARS-CoV-2 infection (section Links Between ACE2 and COVID-19) (Jin et al., 2020).
T81 1314-1486 Sentence denotes Yet, Bukowska et al. (2017) observed that E2 increases ACE2 transcription and expression in human atrial tissue, while at the same time depressing the level of ACE protein.
T82 1487-1698 Sentence denotes This mechanism attenuates the renin-angiotensin system and, in tandem with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, enables a stronger response to myocardial stress and contributes to antiarhythmic effects.
T83 1699-1845 Sentence denotes The upregulation of ACE2 (and downregulation of ACE) was clearly linked to binding of E2 to Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) (Bukowska et al., 2017).
T84 1846-2086 Sentence denotes The E2-ERα complex might migrate to the nucleus to bind to estrogen response elements, although the actual mechanism is still obscure and should likely involve other co-factors to take into account the observed tissue bias of E2 regulation.
T85 2087-2336 Sentence denotes Nonetheless, it was demonstrated that the Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERRα), which likewise ERα recognizes the estrogen response element in target genes, binds to ACE2 promoter to repress transcription (Tremblay et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2012).
T86 2337-2439 Sentence denotes Hopefully, future studies will shed more light on the intriguing role of estrogens in ACE2 regulation.
T87 2440-2602 Sentence denotes A recent analysis of public genomic and transcriptomic data outlined the role of histone methylation, a classical epigenetic mark, to regulate ACE2 transcription.
T88 2603-2764 Sentence denotes Indeed, Li Y. et al. (2020) showed that transcription of ACE2 was significantly upregulated when the histone mutant H3K27M was overexpressed to inhibit H3K27me3.
T89 2765-2847 Sentence denotes Conversely, overexpression of mutant H3K4/9/36M did not change ACE2 transcription.
T90 2848-3003 Sentence denotes Trimethylation of K27 on H3 is catalyzed by the polycomb groups (PcG), a group of conserved transcriptional gene repressors (Schuettengruber et al., 2017).
T91 3004-3066 Sentence denotes PcG proteins assemble into two major complexes: PRC1 and PRC2.
T92 3067-3191 Sentence denotes The simplest model of PcG activity involves trimethylation of H3 by PRC2 at target gene promoters (Blackledge et al., 2015).
T93 3192-3440 Sentence denotes These epigenetic marks recruit PRC1 on DNA, which in turn acts as E3-ligase and ubiquitinates nearby H2A histones (Storti et al., 2019), triggering silencing of gene transcription by local and reversible compaction of chromatin (Illingworth, 2019).
T94 3441-3506 Sentence denotes The catalytic subunit of PRC2 is constituted by the EZH2 protein.
T95 3507-3674 Sentence denotes In agreement with the inverse correlation between ACE2 level and H3K27me3, ACE2 expression in human ESCs was upregulated following EZH2 knock-out (Li Y. et al., 2020).
T96 3675-3738 Sentence denotes On the other side, recovery of EZH2 restored basal ACE2 levels.
T97 3739-3932 Sentence denotes Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) showed that EZH2 depletion induced H3K27me3 decrease, with concomitant H3K27ac increase, at ACE2 promoter in human ESCs (Li Y. et al., 2020).
T98 3933-4219 Sentence denotes The role of H3 methylation and acetylation in the epigenetic regulation of ACE2 was also hypothesized by Pinto et al., who demonstrated that co-morbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic obstructive lung disease increase ACE2 transcription in the lung (Pinto et al., 2020).
T99 4220-4301 Sentence denotes Histone methylation does not appear to exhaust the epigenetic regulation of ACE2.
T100 4302-4450 Sentence denotes Notably, the NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 binds to ACE2 promoter favoring its transcription during cellular energy stress (Clarke et al., 2014).
T101 4451-4531 Sentence denotes Two recent unrefereed preprints highlighted other epigenetic mechanisms at play.
T102 4532-4736 Sentence denotes Corley et al.1 pointed out that DNA methylation across three CpG islands in the ACE2 promoter was lower in lung epithelial cells compared to other cell types, suggesting high transcription in lung tissue.
T103 4737-4939 Sentence denotes These findings are in excellent agreement with the reported inverse correlation between ACE2 transcription and promoter methylation in tumors, which will be discussed in section ACE2 and Other Diseases.
T104 4940-5122 Sentence denotes This correlation is also supported by the observation that in children ACE2 is normally hypermethylated and poorly expressed either in the lung and in other organs (Pruimboom, 2020).
T105 5123-5344 Sentence denotes Glinsky (2020) addressed the epigenetic role of Vitamin D on ACE2 expression, showing by gene set enrichment analysis that the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) should be involved in a set of regulatory pathways conveying on ACE2.
T106 5345-5554 Sentence denotes More specifically, VDR activation would downregulate ACE2, thus affording a potential reason for the alleged beneficial role of Vitamin D in COVID-19 (section ACE2 and the Inflammatory Response to Sars-CoV-2).
T107 5555-5674 Sentence denotes Finally, the strict homeostatic balance of ACE/ACE2 activities suggests transcriptional co-regulation of both proteins.
T108 5675-5970 Sentence denotes Remarkably, Yang et al. (2016) have demonstrated that a subtle regulatory mechanism acts in cardiac endothelial cells, where the Brg1 chromatin remodeler and the FoxM1 transcription factor cooperate to determine the ACE2/ACE expression ratio, particularly under cardiac hypertrophy of the heart.
T109 5971-6015 Sentence denotes Further regulation occurs at the mRNA level.
T110 6016-6141 Sentence denotes From putative microRNA-binding sites identified in vitro, Lambert et al. (2014) demonstrated that miR-421 downregulates ACE2.
T111 6142-6289 Sentence denotes According to the hypothesized mechanism, miR-421 modulates ACE2 expression by hampering translation rather than by degradation of mRNA transcripts.
T112 6290-6505 Sentence denotes Beside undergoing post-translational modifications by glycosylation and phosphorylation, ACE2 is also post-translationally regulated by shedding from cell membrane through the action of the metalloproteinase ADAM17.
T113 6506-6676 Sentence denotes The proteolysis of ACE2 releases a soluble, enzymatically active form which corresponds to the ACE2 ectodomain (Jia et al., 2009; Xiao et al., 2014; Conrad et al., 2016).
T114 6677-6794 Sentence denotes The function, if any, of soluble ACE2 is still obscure, but the shedding mechanism is under strict molecular control.
T115 6795-6957 Sentence denotes Lambert et al. (2008) highlighted that calmodulin associates with ACE2 to prevent its shedding, while calmodulin inhibitors increase the cellular release of ACE2.
T116 6958-7007 Sentence denotes Patel identified a positive feedback in the RAAS:
T117 7008-7118 Sentence denotes Ang II activates ADAM17, thereby increasing the release of ACE2, its negative regulator (Patel et al., 2016b).
T118 7119-7250 Sentence denotes It is worth noting that high levels of plasma-soluble ACE2 have been associated with myocardial dysfunction (Epelman et al., 2009).
T119 7251-7382 Sentence denotes The potential pathophysiological role of ADAM17 is further discussed in paragraph ACE2 and the Inflammatory Response to Sars-CoV-2.
T120 7383-7503 Sentence denotes Figure 2 summarizes the known transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post translational regulation pathways of ACE2.
T121 7504-7605 Sentence denotes FIGURE 2 Regulation pathways of transcription, translation, and post-translational shedding of ACE2.
T122 7606-7638 Sentence denotes Red text: non-molecular factors.
T123 7639-7669 Sentence denotes Black text: molecular factors.

LitCovid-sample-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T14 502-508 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T15 856-862 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T16 966-972 Body_part denotes kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113
T17 1119-1123 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T18 1419-1425 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T19 1517-1541 Body_part denotes renin-angiotensin system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018229
T20 2057-2063 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T21 4145-4149 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T22 4193-4197 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T23 4639-4643 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T24 4724-4728 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T25 4729-4735 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T26 5079-5083 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T27 5097-5103 Body_part denotes organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T28 5964-5969 Body_part denotes heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948

LitCovid-sample-Pubtator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue pubann:denotes
1983 4915-4919 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
332 43-47 Gene denotes Post Gene:159371
333 17-21 Gene denotes Post Gene:159371
337 101-105 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
338 164-168 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
339 448-452 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
369 846-850 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
370 958-962 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
371 1096-1100 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
372 1216-1220 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
373 1275-1279 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
374 1369-1373 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
375 1474-1477 Gene denotes ACE Gene:1636
376 1517-1522 Gene denotes renin Gene:5972
377 1719-1723 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
378 1747-1750 Gene denotes ACE Gene:1636
379 1816-1843 Gene denotes ERα) (Bukowska et al., 2017 Gene:2099
380 2129-2160 Gene denotes Estrogen Related Receptor alpha Gene:2101
381 2162-2166 Gene denotes ERRα Gene:2101
382 2184-2187 Gene denotes ERα Gene:2099
383 2255-2259 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
384 2423-2427 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
385 666-671 Species denotes human Tax:9606
386 1406-1411 Species denotes human Tax:9606
387 1853-1856 Gene denotes ERα Gene:2099
388 775-788 Chemical denotes 17β-estradiol MESH:D004958
389 790-792 Chemical denotes E2 MESH:D004958
390 816-823 Chemical denotes steroid MESH:D013256
391 941-943 Chemical denotes E2 MESH:D004958
392 1356-1358 Chemical denotes E2 MESH:D004958
393 1785-1787 Chemical denotes E2 MESH:D004958
394 1188-1196 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
395 1231-1251 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
396 1284-1292 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
397 1639-1656 Disease denotes myocardial stress MESH:D000079225
420 2583-2587 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
421 2660-2664 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
422 2828-2832 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
423 2866-2869 Gene denotes K27 Gene:342574
424 3052-3056 Gene denotes PRC1 Gene:9055
425 3223-3227 Gene denotes PRC1 Gene:9055
426 3493-3497 Gene denotes EZH2 Gene:2146
427 3557-3561 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
428 3582-3586 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
429 3638-3642 Gene denotes EZH2 Gene:2146
430 3706-3710 Gene denotes EZH2 Gene:2146
491 5891-5895 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
431 3726-3730 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
432 3803-3807 Gene denotes EZH2 Gene:2146
433 3883-3887 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
434 4008-4012 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
435 4167-4171 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
436 3601-3606 Species denotes human Tax:9606
437 3900-3905 Species denotes human Tax:9606
438 3945-3947 Chemical denotes H3 MESH:C012616
439 4097-4109 Disease denotes hypertension MESH:D006973
440 4111-4119 Disease denotes diabetes MESH:D003920
441 4125-4157 Disease denotes chronic obstructive lung disease MESH:D029424
461 4296-4300 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
462 4357-4361 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
463 4612-4616 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
464 4825-4829 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
465 4915-4919 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
466 5011-5015 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
467 5184-5188 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
468 5250-5268 Gene denotes Vitamin D receptor Gene:7421
469 5270-5273 Gene denotes VDR Gene:7421
470 5339-5343 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
471 5364-5367 Gene denotes VDR Gene:7421
472 5398-5402 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
473 5504-5508 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
474 5002-5010 Species denotes children Tax:9606
475 5542-5552 Species denotes Sars-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
476 5171-5180 Chemical denotes Vitamin D MESH:D014807
477 5473-5482 Chemical denotes Vitamin D MESH:D014807
478 4872-4878 Disease denotes tumors MESH:D009369
479 5486-5494 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
487 5598-5601 Gene denotes ACE Gene:1636
488 5602-5606 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
489 5804-5808 Gene denotes Brg1 Gene:6597
490 5837-5842 Gene denotes FoxM1 Gene:2305
492 5896-5899 Gene denotes ACE Gene:1636
493 5937-5956 Disease denotes cardiac hypertrophy MESH:D006332
498 6114-6121 Gene denotes miR-421 Gene:693122
499 6136-6140 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
500 6183-6190 Gene denotes miR-421 Gene:693122
501 6201-6205 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
521 6379-6383 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
522 6525-6529 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
523 6601-6605 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
524 6710-6714 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
525 6861-6865 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
526 6952-6956 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
527 7008-7014 Gene denotes Ang II Gene:24179
528 7025-7031 Gene denotes ADAM17 Gene:6868
529 7067-7071 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
530 7173-7177 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
531 7292-7298 Gene denotes ADAM17 Gene:6868
532 7333-7337 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
533 6897-6907 Gene denotes calmodulin Gene:801
534 6834-6844 Gene denotes calmodulin Gene:801
535 6392-6396 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
536 6308-6312 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
537 6445-6453 Gene denotes membrane Gene:43740571
538 7371-7381 Species denotes Sars-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
539 7204-7226 Disease denotes myocardial dysfunction MESH:D009202
543 7498-7502 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
544 7456-7460 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
545 7430-7434 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
548 7600-7604 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
549 7569-7573 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
940 1275-1279 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
941 1284-1292 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-sample-UniProt

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uniprot_id
T1551 76-80 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1552 101-105 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1553 164-168 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1554 448-452 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1555 846-850 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1556 958-962 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1557 1096-1100 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1558 1216-1220 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1559 1275-1279 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1560 1369-1373 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1561 1474-1477 Protein denotes ACE https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9EQM9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8CFN1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7TMC6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7M4L4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6GTS2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q59GY8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q53YX9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q50JE5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q10751|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q0GA41|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P47820|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22968|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22967|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22966|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12822|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12821|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12820|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P09470|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O02852|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/E7EU16|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B4DXI3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B0LPF0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9VJV3
T1586 1517-1522 Protein denotes renin https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9TSZ1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6T5C2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6FI38|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6DYE7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6DLW5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6DLS0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q63497|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P60016|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P52115|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P08424|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P00797
T1597 1523-1534 Protein denotes angiotensin https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q10757
T1598 1719-1723 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1599 1747-1750 Protein denotes ACE https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9EQM9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8CFN1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7TMC6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7M4L4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6GTS2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q59GY8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q53YX9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q50JE5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q10751|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q0GA41|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P47820|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22968|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22967|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22966|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12822|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12821|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12820|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P09470|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O02852|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/E7EU16|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B4DXI3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B0LPF0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9VJV3
T1624 1791-1808 Protein denotes Estrogen Receptor https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9YHZ7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9YHT3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9YH33|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9YGE6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UIS7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UDZ7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9TV98|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9QZJ5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9QZG6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9QY52|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9QY51|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9PWP6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9PVZ9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9PSZ9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9PSZ8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NU51|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9JJT5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q98SM9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q95131|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q91424|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q91250|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6QIS5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6MZQ9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5T5H7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q53AD2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q29040|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q14276|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q13511|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P81559|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P57753|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P57717|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P50242|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P50241|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P50240|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P49886|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P49885|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P49884|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P19785|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P16058|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P06212|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P06211|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P03372|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O42174|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O42132
T1668 1809-1814 Protein denotes alpha https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q66765|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q66764|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q2V6G9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q155Z9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P32540|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P17594|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P17593|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12296|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P03304|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/C0MHL9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B8XTP8
T1679 2129-2160 Protein denotes Estrogen Related Receptor alpha https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6QMY5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5QJV7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q3U110|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q3MHT1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q14514|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P11474|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O08580|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B2RRU9
T1687 2162-2165 Protein denotes ERR https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q09143|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P30824
T1689 2255-2259 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1690 2423-2427 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1691 2583-2587 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1692 2660-2664 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1693 2828-2832 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1694 2866-2869 Protein denotes K27 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z320|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7Z3Y8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6R649|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6IFW8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q0P5J6
T1699 3557-3561 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1700 3582-3586 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1701 3726-3730 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1702 3883-3887 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1703 4008-4012 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1704 4167-4171 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1705 4296-4300 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1706 4357-4361 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1707 4612-4616 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1708 4825-4829 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1709 4915-4919 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1710 5011-5015 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1711 5184-5188 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1712 5270-5273 Protein denotes VDR https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q95MH5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q922X0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5PSV3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q28037|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P49701|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P48281|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P13053|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P11473|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O42392|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O13124|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/G3V1V9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B2R5Q1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A3RGC1
T1725 5339-5343 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1726 5364-5367 Protein denotes VDR https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q95MH5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q922X0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5PSV3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q28037|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P49701|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P48281|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P13053|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P11473|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O42392|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O13124|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/G3V1V9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B2R5Q1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A3RGC1
T1739 5398-5402 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1740 5504-5508 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1741 5598-5601 Protein denotes ACE https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9EQM9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8CFN1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7TMC6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7M4L4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6GTS2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q59GY8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q53YX9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q50JE5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q10751|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q0GA41|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P47820|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22968|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22967|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22966|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12822|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12821|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12820|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P09470|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O02852|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/E7EU16|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B4DXI3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B0LPF0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9VJV3
T1766 5602-5606 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1767 5891-5895 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1768 5896-5899 Protein denotes ACE https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GLN6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9EQM9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8CFN1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7TMC6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7M4L4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6GTS2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q59GY8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q53YX9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q50JE5|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q10751|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q0GA41|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P47820|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22968|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22967|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22966|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12822|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12821|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P12820|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P09470|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O02852|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/E7EU16|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B4DXI3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/B0LPF0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9VJV3
T1793 6136-6140 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1794 6201-6205 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1795 6379-6383 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1796 6498-6504 Protein denotes ADAM17 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z1K9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z0K3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z0F8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9R1U4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q505A7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P78536|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O88726|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O77636|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O60226
T1805 6525-6529 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1806 6601-6605 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1807 6710-6714 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1808 6834-6844 Protein denotes calmodulin https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q90496|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8STF0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7T3T2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q71UH6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6YNX6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6R520|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6PI52|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6IT78|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q61380|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q61379|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5ZIQ6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5RAD2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q4V949|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q2KJE6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q08D84|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P99014|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P70667|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62184|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62160|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62157|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62156|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62154|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62152|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62151|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62149|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62145|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62144|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P21251|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P11121|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P07181|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P05935|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P05934|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02596|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02595|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02594|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02593|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O97341|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O16305|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O02367|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9V3T4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9U6D3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NDV6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GRJ1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q95NR9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q95NI4
T1853 6861-6865 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1854 6897-6907 Protein denotes calmodulin https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q90496|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q8STF0|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q7T3T2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q71UH6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6YNX6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6R520|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6PI52|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6IT78|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q61380|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q61379|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5ZIQ6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5RAD2|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q4V949|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q2KJE6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q08D84|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P99014|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P70667|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62184|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62160|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62157|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62156|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62154|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62152|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62151|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62149|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62145|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P62144|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P21251|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P11121|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P07181|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P05935|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P05934|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02596|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02595|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02594|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02593|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O97341|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O16305|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O02367|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9V3T4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9U6D3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NDV6|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9GRJ1|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q95NR9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q95NI4
T1899 6952-6956 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1900 7025-7031 Protein denotes ADAM17 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z1K9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z0K3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z0F8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9R1U4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q505A7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P78536|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O88726|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O77636|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O60226
T1909 7067-7071 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1910 7173-7177 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1911 7292-7298 Protein denotes ADAM17 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z1K9|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z0K3|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Z0F8|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9R1U4|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q505A7|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P78536|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O88726|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O77636|https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O60226
T1920 7333-7337 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1921 7498-7502 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6
T1922 7600-7604 Protein denotes ACE2 https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UFZ6

LitCovid-sample-PD-IDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T28 672-680 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 denotes diseases
T29 1010-1015 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cells
T30 1161-1175 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000467 denotes susceptibility
T31 1197-1205 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000020 denotes symptoms
T32 1242-1251 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000586 denotes infection
T33 4150-4157 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 denotes disease
T34 4655-4660 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cells
T35 4679-4683 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cell
T36 4930-4938 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 denotes Diseases
T37 5097-5103 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026 denotes organs
T38 5787-5792 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cells
T39 6047-6052 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029 denotes sites
T40 6440-6444 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cell
T41 6681-6689 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034 denotes function

LitCovid-sample-PD-FMA

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T41 106-110 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T42 118-130 Body_part denotes X chromosome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84055
T43 235-247 Body_part denotes X chromosome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84055
T44 352-363 Body_part denotes chromosomes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67093
T45 428-435 Body_part denotes tissues http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T46 479-483 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T47 502-508 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T48 856-862 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T49 966-972 Body_part denotes kidney http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7203
T50 999-1015 Body_part denotes epithelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66768
T51 1010-1015 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T52 1119-1123 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T53 1419-1425 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T54 1478-1485 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T55 1791-1799 Body_part denotes Estrogen http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83376
T56 1905-1913 Body_part denotes estrogen http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83376
T57 2057-2063 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T58 2129-2137 Body_part denotes Estrogen http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83376
T59 2203-2211 Body_part denotes estrogen http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83376
T60 2410-2419 Body_part denotes estrogens http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83376
T61 2521-2528 Body_part denotes histone http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74413
T62 2704-2711 Body_part denotes histone http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74413
T63 2956-2960 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T64 3008-3016 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T65 3150-3154 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T66 3231-3234 Body_part denotes DNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74412
T67 3293-3296 Body_part denotes H2A http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84129
T68 3297-3305 Body_part denotes histones http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74413
T69 3353-3357 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T70 3410-3419 Body_part denotes chromatin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67526
T71 3498-3505 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T72 3739-3748 Body_part denotes Chromatin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67526
T73 4145-4149 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T74 4193-4197 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T75 4220-4227 Body_part denotes Histone http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74413
T76 4564-4567 Body_part denotes DNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74412
T77 4639-4643 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T78 4644-4660 Body_part denotes epithelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66768
T79 4655-4660 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T80 4679-4683 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T81 4724-4728 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T82 4729-4735 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T83 5079-5083 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T84 5212-5216 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T85 5665-5673 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T86 5775-5792 Body_part denotes endothelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66772
T87 5787-5792 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T88 5809-5818 Body_part denotes chromatin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67526
T89 5964-5969 Body_part denotes heart http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7088
T90 6004-6008 Body_part denotes mRNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67122
T91 6272-6276 Body_part denotes mRNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67122
T92 6440-6453 Body_part denotes cell membrane http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63841
T93 6440-6444 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T94 6834-6844 Body_part denotes calmodulin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62343
T95 6897-6907 Body_part denotes calmodulin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62343
T96 7158-7164 Body_part denotes plasma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970

LitCovid-sample-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T43 1188-1196 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T44 1231-1241 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T45 1231-1235 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T46 1242-1251 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T47 1284-1292 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T48 3607-3611 Disease denotes ESCs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009989
T49 3906-3910 Disease denotes ESCs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009989
T50 4097-4109 Disease denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044
T51 4111-4119 Disease denotes diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005015
T52 4125-4157 Disease denotes chronic obstructive lung disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005002
T53 4872-4878 Disease denotes tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005070
T54 5486-5494 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T55 5542-5552 Disease denotes Sars-CoV-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T56 7371-7381 Disease denotes Sars-CoV-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096

LitCovid-sample-PD-MAT

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T16 211-215 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000029 denotes male
T17 966-972 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000119 denotes kidney
T18 1083-1087 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000029 denotes male
T19 1119-1123 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000135 denotes lung
T20 1179-1184 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000029 denotes males
T21 4145-4149 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000135 denotes lung
T22 4193-4197 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000135 denotes lung
T23 4639-4643 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000135 denotes lung
T24 4724-4728 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000135 denotes lung
T25 5079-5083 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000135 denotes lung
T26 5964-5969 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAT_0000036 denotes heart

LitCovid-sample-PD-GO-BP-0

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T13 0-15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes Transcriptional
T14 22-37 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcriptional
T15 48-61 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translational
T16 62-72 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes Regulation
T17 235-260 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009048 denotes X chromosome inactivation
T18 1374-1387 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T19 2075-2085 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T20 2280-2293 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T21 2428-2438 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T22 2521-2540 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016571 denotes histone methylation
T23 2529-2540 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T24 2588-2601 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T25 2643-2656 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T26 2833-2846 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T27 2940-2955 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcriptional
T28 3358-3371 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T29 3948-3959 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T30 3994-4004 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T31 4172-4185 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T32 4220-4239 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016571 denotes Histone methylation
T33 4228-4239 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T34 4282-4292 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T35 4384-4397 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T36 4568-4579 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T37 4707-4720 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T38 4830-4843 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T39 4857-4868 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T40 5517-5538 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes Inflammatory Response
T41 5627-5656 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003712 denotes transcriptional co-regulation
T42 5646-5656 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T43 5809-5828 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006338 denotes chromatin remodeler
T44 5843-5856 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T45 5979-5989 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T46 6230-6241 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translation
T47 6257-6268 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 denotes degradation
T48 6272-6288 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009299 denotes mRNA transcripts
T49 6308-6340 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043687 denotes post-translational modifications
T50 6344-6357 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070085 denotes glycosylation
T51 6362-6377 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016310 denotes phosphorylation
T52 6397-6412 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translationally
T53 6510-6521 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006508 denotes proteolysis
T54 7346-7367 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes Inflammatory Response
T55 7413-7428 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcriptional
T56 7435-7450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcriptional
T57 7461-7474 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translational
T58 7475-7485 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T59 7514-7524 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes Regulation
T60 7537-7550 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T61 7552-7563 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translation
T62 7574-7587 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translational

LitCovid-sample-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T14 4097-4109 Phenotype denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822
T15 4133-4157 Phenotype denotes obstructive lung disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0006536

LitCovid-sample-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T13 0-15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes Transcriptional
T14 22-37 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcriptional
T15 48-61 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translational
T16 62-72 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes Regulation
T17 235-260 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009048 denotes X chromosome inactivation
T18 1374-1387 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T19 2075-2085 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T20 2280-2293 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T21 2428-2438 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T22 2521-2540 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016571 denotes histone methylation
T23 2529-2540 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T24 2588-2601 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T25 2643-2656 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T26 2833-2846 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T27 2940-2955 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcriptional
T28 3358-3371 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T29 3948-3959 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T30 3994-4004 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T31 4172-4185 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T32 4220-4239 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016571 denotes Histone methylation
T33 4228-4239 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T34 4282-4292 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T35 4384-4397 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T36 4564-4579 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006306 denotes DNA methylation
T37 4568-4579 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T38 4707-4720 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T39 4830-4843 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T40 4857-4868 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 denotes methylation
T41 5517-5538 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes Inflammatory Response
T42 5627-5656 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003712 denotes transcriptional co-regulation
T43 5646-5656 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T44 5809-5828 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006338 denotes chromatin remodeler
T45 5843-5863 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000981 denotes transcription factor
T46 5843-5856 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T47 5979-5989 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T48 6230-6241 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translation
T49 6257-6268 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 denotes degradation
T50 6272-6288 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009299 denotes mRNA transcripts
T51 6308-6340 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043687 denotes post-translational modifications
T52 6344-6357 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070085 denotes glycosylation
T53 6362-6377 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016310 denotes phosphorylation
T54 6397-6412 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translationally
T55 6510-6521 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006508 denotes proteolysis
T56 7346-7367 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes Inflammatory Response
T57 7413-7428 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcriptional
T58 7435-7450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcriptional
T59 7461-7474 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translational
T60 7475-7485 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulation
T61 7514-7524 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes Regulation
T62 7537-7550 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T63 7552-7563 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translation
T64 7574-7587 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes translational

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T14 4097-4109 Phenotype denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822
T15 4133-4157 Phenotype denotes obstructive lung disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0006536

LitCovid-sample-Glycan

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 2873-2875 http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa66/trivialname denotes H3
T2 3129-3131 http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa66/trivialname denotes H3
T3 3945-3947 http://rdf.glyconavi.org/CarTNa/CarTNa66/trivialname denotes H3

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
332 43-47 Gene denotes Post Gene:159371
333 17-21 Gene denotes Post Gene:159371
337 101-105 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
338 164-168 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
339 448-452 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
369 846-850 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
370 958-962 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
371 1096-1100 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
372 1216-1220 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
373 1275-1279 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
374 1369-1373 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
375 1474-1477 Gene denotes ACE Gene:1636
376 1517-1522 Gene denotes renin Gene:5972
377 1719-1723 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
378 1747-1750 Gene denotes ACE Gene:1636
379 1816-1819 Gene denotes ERα Gene:2099
380 2129-2160 Gene denotes Estrogen Related Receptor alpha Gene:2101
381 2162-2166 Gene denotes ERRα Gene:2101
382 2184-2187 Gene denotes ERα Gene:2099
383 2255-2259 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
384 2423-2427 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
385 666-671 Species denotes human Tax:9606
386 1406-1411 Species denotes human Tax:9606
387 1853-1856 Gene denotes ERα Gene:2099
388 775-788 Chemical denotes 17β-estradiol MESH:D004958
389 790-792 Chemical denotes E2 MESH:D004958
390 816-823 Chemical denotes steroid MESH:D013256
391 941-943 Chemical denotes E2 MESH:D004958
392 1356-1358 Chemical denotes E2 MESH:D004958
393 1785-1787 Chemical denotes E2 MESH:D004958
394 1188-1196 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
395 1231-1251 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
396 1284-1292 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
397 1639-1656 Disease denotes myocardial stress MESH:D000079225
420 2583-2587 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
421 2660-2664 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
422 2828-2832 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
423 2866-2869 Gene denotes K27 Gene:342574
424 3052-3056 Gene denotes PRC1 Gene:9055
425 3223-3227 Gene denotes PRC1 Gene:9055
426 3493-3497 Gene denotes EZH2 Gene:2146
427 3557-3561 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
428 3582-3586 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
429 3638-3642 Gene denotes EZH2 Gene:2146
430 3706-3710 Gene denotes EZH2 Gene:2146
431 3726-3730 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
432 3803-3807 Gene denotes EZH2 Gene:2146
433 3883-3887 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
434 4008-4012 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
435 4167-4171 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
436 3601-3606 Species denotes human Tax:9606
437 3900-3905 Species denotes human Tax:9606
438 3945-3947 Chemical denotes H3 MESH:C012616
439 4097-4109 Disease denotes hypertension MESH:D006973
440 4111-4119 Disease denotes diabetes MESH:D003920
441 4125-4157 Disease denotes chronic obstructive lung disease MESH:D029424
461 4296-4300 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
462 4357-4361 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
463 4612-4616 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
464 4825-4829 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
465 4915-4919 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
466 5011-5015 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
467 5184-5188 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
468 5250-5268 Gene denotes Vitamin D receptor Gene:7421
469 5270-5273 Gene denotes VDR Gene:7421
470 5339-5343 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
471 5364-5367 Gene denotes VDR Gene:7421
472 5398-5402 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
473 5504-5508 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
474 5002-5010 Species denotes children Tax:9606
475 5542-5552 Species denotes Sars-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
476 5171-5180 Chemical denotes Vitamin D MESH:D014807
477 5473-5482 Chemical denotes Vitamin D MESH:D014807
478 4872-4878 Disease denotes tumors MESH:D009369
479 5486-5494 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
487 5598-5601 Gene denotes ACE Gene:1636
488 5602-5606 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
489 5804-5808 Gene denotes Brg1 Gene:6597
490 5837-5842 Gene denotes FoxM1 Gene:2305
491 5891-5895 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
492 5896-5899 Gene denotes ACE Gene:1636
493 5937-5956 Disease denotes cardiac hypertrophy MESH:D006332
498 6114-6121 Gene denotes miR-421 Gene:693122
499 6136-6140 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
500 6183-6190 Gene denotes miR-421 Gene:693122
501 6201-6205 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
521 6379-6383 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
522 6525-6529 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
523 6601-6605 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
524 6710-6714 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
525 6861-6865 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
526 6952-6956 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
527 7008-7014 Gene denotes Ang II Gene:24179
528 7025-7031 Gene denotes ADAM17 Gene:6868
529 7067-7071 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
530 7173-7177 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
531 7292-7298 Gene denotes ADAM17 Gene:6868
532 7333-7337 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
533 6897-6907 Gene denotes calmodulin Gene:801
534 6834-6844 Gene denotes calmodulin Gene:801
535 6392-6396 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
536 6308-6312 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
537 6445-6453 Gene denotes membrane Gene:43740571
538 7371-7381 Species denotes Sars-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
539 7204-7226 Disease denotes myocardial dysfunction MESH:D009202
543 7498-7502 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
544 7456-7460 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
545 7430-7434 Gene denotes post Gene:159371
548 7600-7604 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
549 7569-7573 Gene denotes post Gene:159371

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T74 0-80 Sentence denotes Transcriptional, Post-transcriptional, and Post-translational Regulation of ACE2
T75 81-364 Sentence denotes The location of the ACE2 gene on the X chromosome questions whether one of the two ACE2 is silenced in females, to balance female/male expression dosage (X chromosome inactivation or XCI), or otherwise belongs to the class of “escape genes” which are transcribed on both chromosomes.
T76 365-553 Sentence denotes Interestingly, a wide survey of XCI in several individuals and tissues showed that ACE2 is a heterogeneous escape gene, because it has a tissue-dependent sex bias (Tukiainen et al., 2017).
T77 554-706 Sentence denotes A growing number of recent findings point to an important role of epigenetic mechanisms associated with several human diseases (Surguchov et al., 2017).
T78 707-881 Sentence denotes In this context, several authors highlighted the regulatory role of 17β-estradiol (E2), a primary female sex steroid, in the expression of ACE2 in a tissue-dependent fashion.
T79 882-1030 Sentence denotes Liu et al. (2010) and Stelzig et al. (2020) found out that E2 downregulates ACE2 in kidney and differentiated airway epithelial cells, respectively.
T80 1031-1313 Sentence denotes The latter result is particularly important, as the male-bias of ACE2 expression in the lung could account for the alleged higher susceptibility of males to COVID-19 symptoms following ACE2-dependent SARS-CoV-2 infection (section Links Between ACE2 and COVID-19) (Jin et al., 2020).
T81 1314-1486 Sentence denotes Yet, Bukowska et al. (2017) observed that E2 increases ACE2 transcription and expression in human atrial tissue, while at the same time depressing the level of ACE protein.
T82 1487-1698 Sentence denotes This mechanism attenuates the renin-angiotensin system and, in tandem with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, enables a stronger response to myocardial stress and contributes to antiarhythmic effects.
T83 1699-1845 Sentence denotes The upregulation of ACE2 (and downregulation of ACE) was clearly linked to binding of E2 to Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) (Bukowska et al., 2017).
T84 1846-2086 Sentence denotes The E2-ERα complex might migrate to the nucleus to bind to estrogen response elements, although the actual mechanism is still obscure and should likely involve other co-factors to take into account the observed tissue bias of E2 regulation.
T85 2087-2336 Sentence denotes Nonetheless, it was demonstrated that the Estrogen Related Receptor alpha (ERRα), which likewise ERα recognizes the estrogen response element in target genes, binds to ACE2 promoter to repress transcription (Tremblay et al., 2010; Lee et al., 2012).
T86 2337-2439 Sentence denotes Hopefully, future studies will shed more light on the intriguing role of estrogens in ACE2 regulation.
T87 2440-2602 Sentence denotes A recent analysis of public genomic and transcriptomic data outlined the role of histone methylation, a classical epigenetic mark, to regulate ACE2 transcription.
T88 2603-2764 Sentence denotes Indeed, Li Y. et al. (2020) showed that transcription of ACE2 was significantly upregulated when the histone mutant H3K27M was overexpressed to inhibit H3K27me3.
T89 2765-2847 Sentence denotes Conversely, overexpression of mutant H3K4/9/36M did not change ACE2 transcription.
T90 2848-3003 Sentence denotes Trimethylation of K27 on H3 is catalyzed by the polycomb groups (PcG), a group of conserved transcriptional gene repressors (Schuettengruber et al., 2017).
T91 3004-3066 Sentence denotes PcG proteins assemble into two major complexes: PRC1 and PRC2.
T92 3067-3191 Sentence denotes The simplest model of PcG activity involves trimethylation of H3 by PRC2 at target gene promoters (Blackledge et al., 2015).
T93 3192-3440 Sentence denotes These epigenetic marks recruit PRC1 on DNA, which in turn acts as E3-ligase and ubiquitinates nearby H2A histones (Storti et al., 2019), triggering silencing of gene transcription by local and reversible compaction of chromatin (Illingworth, 2019).
T94 3441-3506 Sentence denotes The catalytic subunit of PRC2 is constituted by the EZH2 protein.
T95 3507-3674 Sentence denotes In agreement with the inverse correlation between ACE2 level and H3K27me3, ACE2 expression in human ESCs was upregulated following EZH2 knock-out (Li Y. et al., 2020).
T96 3675-3738 Sentence denotes On the other side, recovery of EZH2 restored basal ACE2 levels.
T97 3739-3932 Sentence denotes Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) showed that EZH2 depletion induced H3K27me3 decrease, with concomitant H3K27ac increase, at ACE2 promoter in human ESCs (Li Y. et al., 2020).
T98 3933-4219 Sentence denotes The role of H3 methylation and acetylation in the epigenetic regulation of ACE2 was also hypothesized by Pinto et al., who demonstrated that co-morbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and chronic obstructive lung disease increase ACE2 transcription in the lung (Pinto et al., 2020).
T99 4220-4301 Sentence denotes Histone methylation does not appear to exhaust the epigenetic regulation of ACE2.
T100 4302-4450 Sentence denotes Notably, the NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 binds to ACE2 promoter favoring its transcription during cellular energy stress (Clarke et al., 2014).
T101 4451-4531 Sentence denotes Two recent unrefereed preprints highlighted other epigenetic mechanisms at play.
T102 4532-4736 Sentence denotes Corley et al.1 pointed out that DNA methylation across three CpG islands in the ACE2 promoter was lower in lung epithelial cells compared to other cell types, suggesting high transcription in lung tissue.
T103 4737-4939 Sentence denotes These findings are in excellent agreement with the reported inverse correlation between ACE2 transcription and promoter methylation in tumors, which will be discussed in section ACE2 and Other Diseases.
T104 4940-5122 Sentence denotes This correlation is also supported by the observation that in children ACE2 is normally hypermethylated and poorly expressed either in the lung and in other organs (Pruimboom, 2020).
T105 5123-5344 Sentence denotes Glinsky (2020) addressed the epigenetic role of Vitamin D on ACE2 expression, showing by gene set enrichment analysis that the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) should be involved in a set of regulatory pathways conveying on ACE2.
T106 5345-5554 Sentence denotes More specifically, VDR activation would downregulate ACE2, thus affording a potential reason for the alleged beneficial role of Vitamin D in COVID-19 (section ACE2 and the Inflammatory Response to Sars-CoV-2).
T107 5555-5674 Sentence denotes Finally, the strict homeostatic balance of ACE/ACE2 activities suggests transcriptional co-regulation of both proteins.
T108 5675-5970 Sentence denotes Remarkably, Yang et al. (2016) have demonstrated that a subtle regulatory mechanism acts in cardiac endothelial cells, where the Brg1 chromatin remodeler and the FoxM1 transcription factor cooperate to determine the ACE2/ACE expression ratio, particularly under cardiac hypertrophy of the heart.
T109 5971-6015 Sentence denotes Further regulation occurs at the mRNA level.
T110 6016-6141 Sentence denotes From putative microRNA-binding sites identified in vitro, Lambert et al. (2014) demonstrated that miR-421 downregulates ACE2.
T111 6142-6289 Sentence denotes According to the hypothesized mechanism, miR-421 modulates ACE2 expression by hampering translation rather than by degradation of mRNA transcripts.
T112 6290-6505 Sentence denotes Beside undergoing post-translational modifications by glycosylation and phosphorylation, ACE2 is also post-translationally regulated by shedding from cell membrane through the action of the metalloproteinase ADAM17.
T113 6506-6676 Sentence denotes The proteolysis of ACE2 releases a soluble, enzymatically active form which corresponds to the ACE2 ectodomain (Jia et al., 2009; Xiao et al., 2014; Conrad et al., 2016).
T114 6677-6794 Sentence denotes The function, if any, of soluble ACE2 is still obscure, but the shedding mechanism is under strict molecular control.
T115 6795-6957 Sentence denotes Lambert et al. (2008) highlighted that calmodulin associates with ACE2 to prevent its shedding, while calmodulin inhibitors increase the cellular release of ACE2.
T116 6958-7007 Sentence denotes Patel identified a positive feedback in the RAAS:
T117 7008-7118 Sentence denotes Ang II activates ADAM17, thereby increasing the release of ACE2, its negative regulator (Patel et al., 2016b).
T118 7119-7250 Sentence denotes It is worth noting that high levels of plasma-soluble ACE2 have been associated with myocardial dysfunction (Epelman et al., 2009).
T119 7251-7382 Sentence denotes The potential pathophysiological role of ADAM17 is further discussed in paragraph ACE2 and the Inflammatory Response to Sars-CoV-2.
T120 7383-7503 Sentence denotes Figure 2 summarizes the known transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post translational regulation pathways of ACE2.
T121 7504-7605 Sentence denotes FIGURE 2 Regulation pathways of transcription, translation, and post-translational shedding of ACE2.
T122 7606-7638 Sentence denotes Red text: non-molecular factors.
T123 7639-7669 Sentence denotes Black text: molecular factors.