PMC:7555630 / 18469-20123
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":1345,"end":1351},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A21","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264279"}],"text":"In summary, our study supports the recommendation that clinicians must remain vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications of COVID-19 when caring for patients with Parkinson disease and other movement disorders because of the inherent vulnerabilities of this patient population. Our cohort yielded several interesting observations that either confirmed or negated previous assumptions and findings reported regarding COVID-19 in patients with PD and other movement disorders. Within a large database of inpatient cases throughout our hospital system, people with PD and parkinsonism accounted for only 2% of patients admitted for COVID-19. However, for patients with movement disorders, the likelihood of hospitalization after contracting COVID-19 was three times higher than that of the general population. Furthermore, we found that older age, PD diagnosis, living in an extended care facility, comorbid dementia, and comorbid medical conditions were associated with more serious morbidity and death. Even so, the mortality rate for patients with PD or dementia in this cohort was significantly less than the mortality previously reported in patients with other high-risk comorbidities, although higher than that reported in general populations. We also noted that patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility, but not anosmia, as the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Lastly, within this limited dataset, we did not observe that amantadine or memantine afforded distinct protective properties against COVID-19, as was suggested in the paper by Redjak et al. [24]."}
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T160","span":{"begin":136,"end":144},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T161","span":{"begin":175,"end":192},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T162","span":{"begin":203,"end":221},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T163","span":{"begin":428,"end":436},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T164","span":{"begin":454,"end":456},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T165","span":{"begin":467,"end":485},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T166","span":{"begin":574,"end":576},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T167","span":{"begin":641,"end":649},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T168","span":{"begin":678,"end":696},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T169","span":{"begin":750,"end":758},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T170","span":{"begin":857,"end":859},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T171","span":{"begin":917,"end":925},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T172","span":{"begin":1060,"end":1062},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T173","span":{"begin":1066,"end":1074},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T174","span":{"begin":1292,"end":1310},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T175","span":{"begin":1413,"end":1420},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T176","span":{"begin":1449,"end":1457},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T177","span":{"begin":1592,"end":1600},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A160","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T160","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A161","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T161","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005180"},{"id":"A162","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T162","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005395"},{"id":"A163","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T163","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A164","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T164","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005180"},{"id":"A165","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T165","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005395"},{"id":"A166","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T166","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005180"},{"id":"A167","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T167","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A168","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T168","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005395"},{"id":"A169","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T169","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A170","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T170","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005180"},{"id":"A171","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T171","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001627"},{"id":"A172","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T172","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005180"},{"id":"A173","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T173","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001627"},{"id":"A174","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T174","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005395"},{"id":"A175","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T175","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010528"},{"id":"A176","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T176","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A177","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T177","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"}],"text":"In summary, our study supports the recommendation that clinicians must remain vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications of COVID-19 when caring for patients with Parkinson disease and other movement disorders because of the inherent vulnerabilities of this patient population. Our cohort yielded several interesting observations that either confirmed or negated previous assumptions and findings reported regarding COVID-19 in patients with PD and other movement disorders. Within a large database of inpatient cases throughout our hospital system, people with PD and parkinsonism accounted for only 2% of patients admitted for COVID-19. However, for patients with movement disorders, the likelihood of hospitalization after contracting COVID-19 was three times higher than that of the general population. Furthermore, we found that older age, PD diagnosis, living in an extended care facility, comorbid dementia, and comorbid medical conditions were associated with more serious morbidity and death. Even so, the mortality rate for patients with PD or dementia in this cohort was significantly less than the mortality previously reported in patients with other high-risk comorbidities, although higher than that reported in general populations. We also noted that patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility, but not anosmia, as the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Lastly, within this limited dataset, we did not observe that amantadine or memantine afforded distinct protective properties against COVID-19, as was suggested in the paper by Redjak et al. [24]."}
LitCovid-PD-CLO
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":494,"end":495},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"text":"In summary, our study supports the recommendation that clinicians must remain vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications of COVID-19 when caring for patients with Parkinson disease and other movement disorders because of the inherent vulnerabilities of this patient population. Our cohort yielded several interesting observations that either confirmed or negated previous assumptions and findings reported regarding COVID-19 in patients with PD and other movement disorders. Within a large database of inpatient cases throughout our hospital system, people with PD and parkinsonism accounted for only 2% of patients admitted for COVID-19. However, for patients with movement disorders, the likelihood of hospitalization after contracting COVID-19 was three times higher than that of the general population. Furthermore, we found that older age, PD diagnosis, living in an extended care facility, comorbid dementia, and comorbid medical conditions were associated with more serious morbidity and death. Even so, the mortality rate for patients with PD or dementia in this cohort was significantly less than the mortality previously reported in patients with other high-risk comorbidities, although higher than that reported in general populations. We also noted that patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility, but not anosmia, as the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Lastly, within this limited dataset, we did not observe that amantadine or memantine afforded distinct protective properties against COVID-19, as was suggested in the paper by Redjak et al. [24]."}
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":454,"end":456},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":574,"end":576},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":857,"end":859},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":1060,"end":1062},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":1520,"end":1530},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":1534,"end":1543},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A41","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74756"},{"id":"A42","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T42","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74756"},{"id":"A43","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T43","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74756"},{"id":"A44","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T44","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74756"},{"id":"A45","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T45","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2618"},{"id":"A46","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T46","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64312"}],"text":"In summary, our study supports the recommendation that clinicians must remain vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications of COVID-19 when caring for patients with Parkinson disease and other movement disorders because of the inherent vulnerabilities of this patient population. Our cohort yielded several interesting observations that either confirmed or negated previous assumptions and findings reported regarding COVID-19 in patients with PD and other movement disorders. Within a large database of inpatient cases throughout our hospital system, people with PD and parkinsonism accounted for only 2% of patients admitted for COVID-19. However, for patients with movement disorders, the likelihood of hospitalization after contracting COVID-19 was three times higher than that of the general population. Furthermore, we found that older age, PD diagnosis, living in an extended care facility, comorbid dementia, and comorbid medical conditions were associated with more serious morbidity and death. Even so, the mortality rate for patients with PD or dementia in this cohort was significantly less than the mortality previously reported in patients with other high-risk comorbidities, although higher than that reported in general populations. We also noted that patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility, but not anosmia, as the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Lastly, within this limited dataset, we did not observe that amantadine or memantine afforded distinct protective properties against COVID-19, as was suggested in the paper by Redjak et al. [24]."}
LitCovid-PD-HP
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T117","span":{"begin":175,"end":184},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T118","span":{"begin":203,"end":221},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T119","span":{"begin":467,"end":485},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T120","span":{"begin":581,"end":593},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T121","span":{"begin":678,"end":696},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T122","span":{"begin":917,"end":925},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T123","span":{"begin":1066,"end":1074},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T124","span":{"begin":1292,"end":1310},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T125","span":{"begin":1360,"end":1380},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T126","span":{"begin":1413,"end":1420},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A117","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T117","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001300"},{"id":"A118","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T118","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100022"},{"id":"A119","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T119","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100022"},{"id":"A120","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T120","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001300"},{"id":"A121","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T121","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100022"},{"id":"A122","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T122","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000726"},{"id":"A123","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T123","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000726"},{"id":"A124","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T124","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100022"},{"id":"A125","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T125","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0003324"},{"id":"A126","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T126","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000458"}],"text":"In summary, our study supports the recommendation that clinicians must remain vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications of COVID-19 when caring for patients with Parkinson disease and other movement disorders because of the inherent vulnerabilities of this patient population. Our cohort yielded several interesting observations that either confirmed or negated previous assumptions and findings reported regarding COVID-19 in patients with PD and other movement disorders. Within a large database of inpatient cases throughout our hospital system, people with PD and parkinsonism accounted for only 2% of patients admitted for COVID-19. However, for patients with movement disorders, the likelihood of hospitalization after contracting COVID-19 was three times higher than that of the general population. Furthermore, we found that older age, PD diagnosis, living in an extended care facility, comorbid dementia, and comorbid medical conditions were associated with more serious morbidity and death. Even so, the mortality rate for patients with PD or dementia in this cohort was significantly less than the mortality previously reported in patients with other high-risk comorbidities, although higher than that reported in general populations. We also noted that patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility, but not anosmia, as the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Lastly, within this limited dataset, we did not observe that amantadine or memantine afforded distinct protective properties against COVID-19, as was suggested in the paper by Redjak et al. [24]."}
LitCovid-sentences
{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T109","span":{"begin":0,"end":289},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T110","span":{"begin":290,"end":486},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T111","span":{"begin":487,"end":650},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T112","span":{"begin":651,"end":818},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T113","span":{"begin":819,"end":1013},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T114","span":{"begin":1014,"end":1258},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T115","span":{"begin":1259,"end":1458},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T116","span":{"begin":1459,"end":1654},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"In summary, our study supports the recommendation that clinicians must remain vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications of COVID-19 when caring for patients with Parkinson disease and other movement disorders because of the inherent vulnerabilities of this patient population. Our cohort yielded several interesting observations that either confirmed or negated previous assumptions and findings reported regarding COVID-19 in patients with PD and other movement disorders. Within a large database of inpatient cases throughout our hospital system, people with PD and parkinsonism accounted for only 2% of patients admitted for COVID-19. However, for patients with movement disorders, the likelihood of hospitalization after contracting COVID-19 was three times higher than that of the general population. Furthermore, we found that older age, PD diagnosis, living in an extended care facility, comorbid dementia, and comorbid medical conditions were associated with more serious morbidity and death. Even so, the mortality rate for patients with PD or dementia in this cohort was significantly less than the mortality previously reported in patients with other high-risk comorbidities, although higher than that reported in general populations. We also noted that patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility, but not anosmia, as the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Lastly, within this limited dataset, we did not observe that amantadine or memantine afforded distinct protective properties against COVID-19, as was suggested in the paper by Redjak et al. [24]."}
2_test
{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32962001-32388458-44896020","span":{"begin":1650,"end":1652},"obj":"32388458"}],"text":"In summary, our study supports the recommendation that clinicians must remain vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications of COVID-19 when caring for patients with Parkinson disease and other movement disorders because of the inherent vulnerabilities of this patient population. Our cohort yielded several interesting observations that either confirmed or negated previous assumptions and findings reported regarding COVID-19 in patients with PD and other movement disorders. Within a large database of inpatient cases throughout our hospital system, people with PD and parkinsonism accounted for only 2% of patients admitted for COVID-19. However, for patients with movement disorders, the likelihood of hospitalization after contracting COVID-19 was three times higher than that of the general population. Furthermore, we found that older age, PD diagnosis, living in an extended care facility, comorbid dementia, and comorbid medical conditions were associated with more serious morbidity and death. Even so, the mortality rate for patients with PD or dementia in this cohort was significantly less than the mortality previously reported in patients with other high-risk comorbidities, although higher than that reported in general populations. We also noted that patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility, but not anosmia, as the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Lastly, within this limited dataset, we did not observe that amantadine or memantine afforded distinct protective properties against COVID-19, as was suggested in the paper by Redjak et al. [24]."}
LitCovid-PubTator
{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"663","span":{"begin":161,"end":169},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"664","span":{"begin":270,"end":277},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"665","span":{"begin":440,"end":448},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"666","span":{"begin":562,"end":568},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"667","span":{"begin":619,"end":627},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"668","span":{"begin":664,"end":672},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"669","span":{"begin":1046,"end":1054},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"670","span":{"begin":1155,"end":1163},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"671","span":{"begin":1278,"end":1286},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"672","span":{"begin":1520,"end":1530},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"673","span":{"begin":1534,"end":1543},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"674","span":{"begin":136,"end":144},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"675","span":{"begin":175,"end":192},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"676","span":{"begin":203,"end":221},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"677","span":{"begin":428,"end":436},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"678","span":{"begin":454,"end":456},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"679","span":{"begin":467,"end":485},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"680","span":{"begin":574,"end":576},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"681","span":{"begin":581,"end":593},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"682","span":{"begin":641,"end":649},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"683","span":{"begin":678,"end":696},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"684","span":{"begin":750,"end":758},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"685","span":{"begin":857,"end":859},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"686","span":{"begin":917,"end":925},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"687","span":{"begin":1007,"end":1012},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"688","span":{"begin":1027,"end":1036},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"689","span":{"begin":1060,"end":1062},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"690","span":{"begin":1066,"end":1074},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"691","span":{"begin":1122,"end":1131},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"692","span":{"begin":1292,"end":1310},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"693","span":{"begin":1372,"end":1380},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"694","span":{"begin":1449,"end":1457},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"695","span":{"begin":1592,"end":1600},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A663","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"663","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A664","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"664","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A665","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"665","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A666","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"666","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A667","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"667","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A668","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"668","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A669","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"669","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A670","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"670","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A671","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"671","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A672","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"672","obj":"MESH:D000547"},{"id":"A673","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"673","obj":"MESH:D008559"},{"id":"A674","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"674","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A675","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"675","obj":"MESH:D010300"},{"id":"A676","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"676","obj":"MESH:D009069"},{"id":"A677","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"677","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A678","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"678","obj":"MESH:D010300"},{"id":"A679","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"679","obj":"MESH:D009069"},{"id":"A680","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"680","obj":"MESH:D010300"},{"id":"A681","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"681","obj":"MESH:D010302"},{"id":"A682","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"682","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A683","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"683","obj":"MESH:D009069"},{"id":"A684","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"684","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A685","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"685","obj":"MESH:D010300"},{"id":"A686","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"686","obj":"MESH:D003704"},{"id":"A687","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"687","obj":"MESH:D003643"},{"id":"A688","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"688","obj":"MESH:D003643"},{"id":"A689","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"689","obj":"MESH:D010300"},{"id":"A690","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"690","obj":"MESH:D003704"},{"id":"A691","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"691","obj":"MESH:D003643"},{"id":"A692","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"692","obj":"MESH:D009069"},{"id":"A693","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"693","obj":"MESH:D018908"},{"id":"A694","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"694","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A695","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"695","obj":"MESH:C000657245"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"In summary, our study supports the recommendation that clinicians must remain vigilant for potential acute and chronic complications of COVID-19 when caring for patients with Parkinson disease and other movement disorders because of the inherent vulnerabilities of this patient population. Our cohort yielded several interesting observations that either confirmed or negated previous assumptions and findings reported regarding COVID-19 in patients with PD and other movement disorders. Within a large database of inpatient cases throughout our hospital system, people with PD and parkinsonism accounted for only 2% of patients admitted for COVID-19. However, for patients with movement disorders, the likelihood of hospitalization after contracting COVID-19 was three times higher than that of the general population. Furthermore, we found that older age, PD diagnosis, living in an extended care facility, comorbid dementia, and comorbid medical conditions were associated with more serious morbidity and death. Even so, the mortality rate for patients with PD or dementia in this cohort was significantly less than the mortality previously reported in patients with other high-risk comorbidities, although higher than that reported in general populations. We also noted that patients with movement disorders frequently presented with altered mental status, generalized weakness, or worsening mobility, but not anosmia, as the initial symptoms of COVID-19. Lastly, within this limited dataset, we did not observe that amantadine or memantine afforded distinct protective properties against COVID-19, as was suggested in the paper by Redjak et al. [24]."}