PMC:7536914 / 151-6249
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | 1251-1255 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
T3 | 2112-2117 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670 |
T4 | 4185-4189 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
T5 | 4240-4245 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670 |
T6 | 4733-4737 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
T7 | 5150-5154 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
T8 | 5834-5838 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | 1251-1255 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
T3 | 2112-2117 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 |
T4 | 4185-4189 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
T5 | 4240-4245 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 |
T6 | 4733-4737 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
T7 | 5150-5154 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
T8 | 5834-5838 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | 4-12 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T3 | 862-865 | Disease | denotes | HCP | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007369 |
T4 | 2731-2734 | Disease | denotes | CAN | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0012833 |
T5 | 3900-3908 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T6 | 5198-5206 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T7 | 5301-5309 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T4 | 22-25 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T5 | 126-129 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T6 | 452-453 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T7 | 637-643 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 | denotes | device |
T8 | 740-741 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T9 | 1251-1255 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T10 | 1251-1255 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T11 | 1419-1424 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | Human |
T12 | 1503-1506 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T13 | 1544-1546 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007622 | denotes | MD |
T14 | 2078-2079 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T15 | 2112-2117 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 | denotes | blood |
T16 | 2112-2117 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 | denotes | blood |
T17 | 2230-2232 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799 | denotes | 45 |
T18 | 2264-2266 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054055 | denotes | 71 |
T19 | 4185-4189 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T20 | 4185-4189 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T21 | 4240-4245 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 | denotes | blood |
T22 | 4240-4245 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 | denotes | blood |
T23 | 4284-4291 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | testing |
T24 | 4362-4363 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T25 | 4467-4474 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | testing |
T26 | 4548-4555 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | testing |
T27 | 4651-4654 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T28 | 4700-4701 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T29 | 4733-4737 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T30 | 4733-4737 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T31 | 4814-4815 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T32 | 4949-4952 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T33 | 5150-5154 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T34 | 5150-5154 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T35 | 5247-5248 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T36 | 5834-5838 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T37 | 5834-5838 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T38 | 5863-5864 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T39 | 6068-6077 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 | denotes | objective |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 122-124 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T2 | 343-345 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T3 | 983-985 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T4 | 1354-1356 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T5 | 1405-1407 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T6 | 1488-1490 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T7 | 1544-1546 | Chemical | denotes | MD | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74699 |
T8 | 1745-1747 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T9 | 2021-2023 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T10 | 2482-2484 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T11 | 2630-2632 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T12 | 2687-2689 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T13 | 4178-4180 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T14 | 5144-5146 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T15 | 5396-5398 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T16 | 5532-5534 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T17 | 5697-5699 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T18 | 5801-5803 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T19 | 5996-5998 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
LitCovid-PubTator
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | 306-313 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
12 | 434-441 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
13 | 871-878 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
14 | 960-967 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
15 | 1063-1070 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
16 | 1087-1095 | Species | denotes | Patients | Tax:9606 |
17 | 1142-1150 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
18 | 4-12 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | MESH:C000657245 |
19 | 1165-1185 | Disease | denotes | respiratory symptoms | MESH:D012818 |
28 | 1328-1336 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
29 | 1419-1424 | Species | denotes | Human | Tax:9606 |
30 | 2233-2240 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
31 | 2273-2281 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
32 | 2364-2372 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
33 | 2558-2566 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
34 | 2605-2613 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
35 | 2743-2750 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
37 | 3411-3418 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
39 | 2909-2916 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
41 | 3900-3908 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
44 | 4201-4209 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
45 | 4450-4458 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
49 | 4894-4901 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
50 | 5166-5174 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
51 | 5198-5206 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | MESH:C000657245 |
57 | 5320-5328 | Species | denotes | Patients | Tax:9606 |
58 | 5472-5479 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
59 | 5880-5887 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
60 | 5960-5968 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
61 | 5301-5309 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | MESH:C000657245 |
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 91-97 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098739 | denotes | uptake |
T2 | 91-97 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098657 | denotes | uptake |
LitCovid-PD-HP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 2521-2539 | Phenotype | denotes | social interaction | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0008763 |
LitCovid-sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T4 | 0-76 | Sentence | denotes | The COVID‐19 pandemic has necessitated rapid changes in healthcare delivery. |
T5 | 77-260 | Sentence | denotes | Historically, uptake of virtual health care (VH) has been low, especially in specialized clinics; for example, 0.5% of all billable services were provided virtually in Canada in 2015. |
T6 | 261-522 | Sentence | denotes | 1 Prior to March 2020, fewer than 5% of all patient visits in our clinic were by VH utilizing our health authority's approved platform; however, this platform required the patient to attend a remote healthcare facility, clearly undesirable during the pandemic. |
T7 | 523-582 | Sentence | denotes | We trialed various platforms including FaceTime® and Zoom®. |
T8 | 583-708 | Sentence | denotes | Barriers existed with both platforms such as specific device requirements, poor technology literacy, and/or privacy concerns. |
T9 | 709-879 | Sentence | denotes | Ultimately, our clinic adopted a web‐based platform (Doxy.me®) that allows for videoconferencing with end‐to‐end encryption between healthcare provider (HCP) and patient. |
T10 | 880-1086 | Sentence | denotes | Over the span of 2 weeks, our clinic transitioned to providing more than 90% of patient care utilizing VH, while maintaining usual clinic capacity of approximately 10 post‐transplant patient visits per day. |
T11 | 1087-1224 | Sentence | denotes | Patients transplanted within the previous 3 months and patients with unstable respiratory symptoms were prioritized for in‐person visits. |
T12 | 1225-1357 | Sentence | denotes | Our clinic cares for >300 lung transplant recipients over an extended geography in western Canada; all patients are eligible for VH. |
T13 | 1358-1418 | Sentence | denotes | Usual clinic workflow was modified to adapt to VH (Table 1). |
T14 | 1419-1647 | Sentence | denotes | Human resource modifications were negligible after implementation of VH; our clinic has 3.5 transplant coordinators (RNs), 1 MD per clinic day, and 1 PharmD; no additional support staff was needed during or after implementation. |
T15 | 1648-1803 | Sentence | denotes | Post‐visit satisfaction surveys adapted from Sidhu et al 2 were completed immediately following VH visits, these surveys are Research Ethics Board exempt. |
T16 | 1804-1961 | Sentence | denotes | After 6 weeks of data collection, 157 physician surveys were returned; 70% of visits have taken place by videoconference with the remaining 30% by telephone. |
T17 | 1962-2041 | Sentence | denotes | Physicians reported being satisfied or very satisfied with VH over 90% of time. |
T18 | 2042-2134 | Sentence | denotes | Physician dissatisfaction was often a result of missing or incomplete blood work or imaging. |
T19 | 2135-2204 | Sentence | denotes | Technical problems interfered with care goals in only 2.5% of visits. |
T20 | 2205-2332 | Sentence | denotes | In the same time period, 45 patient surveys were received, 71% from patients who live more than 150 kilometers from the clinic. |
T21 | 2333-2451 | Sentence | denotes | Compared to usual care, 91% of patients reported that the virtual visit was as good as or better than in‐person visit. |
T22 | 2452-2633 | Sentence | denotes | Fear of substandard care with VH compared to usual care, and lack of social interaction with other clinic patients and staff were identified by multiple patients as drawbacks of VH. |
T23 | 2634-2846 | Sentence | denotes | The median estimated out‐of‐pocket expense saved per VH visit compared with in‐person visits was CAN $75 per patient (range $0‐$1250), and the median estimated amount of time saved was 9 hours (range 0‐92 hours). |
T24 | 2847-2934 | Sentence | denotes | Table 1 Comparison of workflow between in‐person and virtual patient care appointments |
T25 | 2935-2966 | Sentence | denotes | Clinic Type In‐person Virtual |
T26 | 2967-3018 | Sentence | denotes | Routine pre‐clinic Investigation Performed locally |
T27 | 3019-3095 | Sentence | denotes | Specialized investigations performed at transplant center Performed locally |
T28 | 3096-3125 | Sentence | denotes | No specialized investigations |
T29 | 3126-3201 | Sentence | denotes | Clinic visit Spirometry performed on site immediately prior to appointment |
T30 | 3202-3292 | Sentence | denotes | Nursing assessment including vital signs, review of systems, and medication reconciliation |
T31 | 3293-3509 | Sentence | denotes | Pharmacist and physician assessment, including physical examination and documentation to health record Nurse reviews patient‐reported vital signs and home spirometry, review of systems, and medication reconciliation |
T32 | 3510-3639 | Sentence | denotes | Pharmacist and physician assessment, including modified physical examination (inspection only) and documentation to health record |
T33 | 3640-3682 | Sentence | denotes | Follow‐up Performed locally when possible |
T34 | 3683-3749 | Sentence | denotes | Telephone follow‐up when possible Performed locally when possible |
T35 | 3750-3794 | Sentence | denotes | Telephone or virtual follow‐up when possible |
T36 | 3795-3942 | Sentence | denotes | John Wiley & Sons, Ltd This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. |
T37 | 3943-4125 | Sentence | denotes | It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency. |
T38 | 4126-4306 | Sentence | denotes | Many barriers exist to successful implementation of VH for lung transplant patients given their frequent need for blood work, imaging, and pulmonary function testing or spirometry. |
T39 | 4307-4506 | Sentence | denotes | In our case, these challenges were mostly mitigated by a provincial electronic medical record for laboratory and radiology reporting, allowing patients to have testing performed in their local areas. |
T40 | 4507-4630 | Sentence | denotes | Clinic spirometry and pulmonary function testing were deferred when possible at the discretion of the transplant physician. |
T41 | 4631-4759 | Sentence | denotes | Virtual health care has been shown to be effective for management of a number of conditions including lung transplant follow‐up. |
T42 | 4760-4937 | Sentence | denotes | 2 , 3 However, concerns with privacy continue to be a consideration, as does the inability for physicians to physically examine the patient, which may lead to suboptimal care. |
T43 | 4938-5069 | Sentence | denotes | While this has not been demonstrated in the literature, few, if any, studies have been powered to capture this type of information. |
T44 | 5070-5216 | Sentence | denotes | There is no literature evaluating the outcomes of rapid implementation of VH in lung transplant patients as necessitated by the COVID‐19 pandemic. |
T45 | 5217-5319 | Sentence | denotes | Virtual health care will play a greater role in post‐transplant care even after the COVID‐19 pandemic. |
T46 | 5320-5491 | Sentence | denotes | Patients, HCPs, and health systems are likely to demand increased access to VH to reduce cost and time spent accessing care, and to improve the overall patient experience. |
T47 | 5492-5670 | Sentence | denotes | The greatest challenges associated with VH at this time appear to be technological barriers including inadequate technological infrastructure as well as poor technology literacy. |
T48 | 5671-5762 | Sentence | denotes | 4 Investment in improved VH infrastructure is needed to enable system‐wide implementation. |
T49 | 5763-5915 | Sentence | denotes | Our preliminary data demonstrate that VH can be rapidly implemented in lung transplant clinics with a high degree of patient and physician satisfaction. |
T50 | 5916-6098 | Sentence | denotes | Research is ongoing to identify the optimal patients and circumstances for whom VH‐based post‐transplant care may be implemented in the long term using objective clinical end points. |