PMC:7536914 / 148-6323
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | 1254-1258 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
T3 | 2115-2120 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670 |
T4 | 4188-4192 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
T5 | 4243-4248 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670 |
T6 | 4736-4740 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
T7 | 5153-5157 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
T8 | 5837-5841 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | 1254-1258 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
T3 | 2115-2120 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 |
T4 | 4188-4192 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
T5 | 4243-4248 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 |
T6 | 4736-4740 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
T7 | 5153-5157 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
T8 | 5837-5841 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | 7-15 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T3 | 865-868 | Disease | denotes | HCP | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007369 |
T4 | 2734-2737 | Disease | denotes | CAN | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0012833 |
T5 | 3903-3911 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T6 | 5201-5209 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
T7 | 5304-5312 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T4 | 25-28 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T5 | 129-132 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T6 | 455-456 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T7 | 640-646 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 | denotes | device |
T8 | 743-744 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T9 | 1254-1258 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T10 | 1254-1258 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T11 | 1422-1427 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | Human |
T12 | 1506-1509 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T13 | 1547-1549 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007622 | denotes | MD |
T14 | 2081-2082 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T15 | 2115-2120 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 | denotes | blood |
T16 | 2115-2120 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 | denotes | blood |
T17 | 2233-2235 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799 | denotes | 45 |
T18 | 2267-2269 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054055 | denotes | 71 |
T19 | 4188-4192 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T20 | 4188-4192 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T21 | 4243-4248 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 | denotes | blood |
T22 | 4243-4248 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 | denotes | blood |
T23 | 4287-4294 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | testing |
T24 | 4365-4366 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T25 | 4470-4477 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | testing |
T26 | 4551-4558 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | testing |
T27 | 4654-4657 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T28 | 4703-4704 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T29 | 4736-4740 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T30 | 4736-4740 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T31 | 4817-4818 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T32 | 4952-4955 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T33 | 5153-5157 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T34 | 5153-5157 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T35 | 5250-5251 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T36 | 5837-5841 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
T37 | 5837-5841 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
T38 | 5866-5867 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T39 | 6071-6080 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 | denotes | objective |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 125-127 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T2 | 346-348 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T3 | 986-988 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T4 | 1357-1359 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T5 | 1408-1410 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T6 | 1491-1493 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T7 | 1547-1549 | Chemical | denotes | MD | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74699 |
T8 | 1748-1750 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T9 | 2024-2026 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T10 | 2485-2487 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T11 | 2633-2635 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T12 | 2690-2692 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T13 | 4181-4183 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T14 | 5147-5149 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T15 | 5399-5401 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T16 | 5535-5537 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T17 | 5700-5702 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T18 | 5804-5806 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
T19 | 5999-6001 | Chemical | denotes | VH | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73700 |
LitCovid-PubTator
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | 309-316 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
12 | 437-444 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
13 | 874-881 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
14 | 963-970 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
15 | 1066-1073 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
16 | 1090-1098 | Species | denotes | Patients | Tax:9606 |
17 | 1145-1153 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
18 | 7-15 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | MESH:C000657245 |
19 | 1168-1188 | Disease | denotes | respiratory symptoms | MESH:D012818 |
28 | 1331-1339 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
29 | 1422-1427 | Species | denotes | Human | Tax:9606 |
30 | 2236-2243 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
31 | 2276-2284 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
32 | 2367-2375 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
33 | 2561-2569 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
34 | 2608-2616 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
35 | 2746-2753 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
37 | 3414-3421 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
39 | 2912-2919 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
41 | 3903-3911 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
44 | 4204-4212 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
45 | 4453-4461 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
49 | 4897-4904 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
50 | 5169-5177 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
51 | 5201-5209 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | MESH:C000657245 |
57 | 5323-5331 | Species | denotes | Patients | Tax:9606 |
58 | 5475-5482 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
59 | 5883-5890 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
60 | 5963-5971 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
61 | 5304-5312 | Disease | denotes | COVID‐19 | MESH:C000657245 |
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 94-100 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098739 | denotes | uptake |
T2 | 94-100 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098657 | denotes | uptake |
LitCovid-PD-HP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 2524-2542 | Phenotype | denotes | social interaction | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0008763 |
LitCovid-sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T3 | 0-1 | Sentence | denotes | 1 |
T4 | 3-79 | Sentence | denotes | The COVID‐19 pandemic has necessitated rapid changes in healthcare delivery. |
T5 | 80-263 | Sentence | denotes | Historically, uptake of virtual health care (VH) has been low, especially in specialized clinics; for example, 0.5% of all billable services were provided virtually in Canada in 2015. |
T6 | 264-525 | Sentence | denotes | 1 Prior to March 2020, fewer than 5% of all patient visits in our clinic were by VH utilizing our health authority's approved platform; however, this platform required the patient to attend a remote healthcare facility, clearly undesirable during the pandemic. |
T7 | 526-585 | Sentence | denotes | We trialed various platforms including FaceTime® and Zoom®. |
T8 | 586-711 | Sentence | denotes | Barriers existed with both platforms such as specific device requirements, poor technology literacy, and/or privacy concerns. |
T9 | 712-882 | Sentence | denotes | Ultimately, our clinic adopted a web‐based platform (Doxy.me®) that allows for videoconferencing with end‐to‐end encryption between healthcare provider (HCP) and patient. |
T10 | 883-1089 | Sentence | denotes | Over the span of 2 weeks, our clinic transitioned to providing more than 90% of patient care utilizing VH, while maintaining usual clinic capacity of approximately 10 post‐transplant patient visits per day. |
T11 | 1090-1227 | Sentence | denotes | Patients transplanted within the previous 3 months and patients with unstable respiratory symptoms were prioritized for in‐person visits. |
T12 | 1228-1360 | Sentence | denotes | Our clinic cares for >300 lung transplant recipients over an extended geography in western Canada; all patients are eligible for VH. |
T13 | 1361-1421 | Sentence | denotes | Usual clinic workflow was modified to adapt to VH (Table 1). |
T14 | 1422-1650 | Sentence | denotes | Human resource modifications were negligible after implementation of VH; our clinic has 3.5 transplant coordinators (RNs), 1 MD per clinic day, and 1 PharmD; no additional support staff was needed during or after implementation. |
T15 | 1651-1806 | Sentence | denotes | Post‐visit satisfaction surveys adapted from Sidhu et al 2 were completed immediately following VH visits, these surveys are Research Ethics Board exempt. |
T16 | 1807-1964 | Sentence | denotes | After 6 weeks of data collection, 157 physician surveys were returned; 70% of visits have taken place by videoconference with the remaining 30% by telephone. |
T17 | 1965-2044 | Sentence | denotes | Physicians reported being satisfied or very satisfied with VH over 90% of time. |
T18 | 2045-2137 | Sentence | denotes | Physician dissatisfaction was often a result of missing or incomplete blood work or imaging. |
T19 | 2138-2207 | Sentence | denotes | Technical problems interfered with care goals in only 2.5% of visits. |
T20 | 2208-2335 | Sentence | denotes | In the same time period, 45 patient surveys were received, 71% from patients who live more than 150 kilometers from the clinic. |
T21 | 2336-2454 | Sentence | denotes | Compared to usual care, 91% of patients reported that the virtual visit was as good as or better than in‐person visit. |
T22 | 2455-2636 | Sentence | denotes | Fear of substandard care with VH compared to usual care, and lack of social interaction with other clinic patients and staff were identified by multiple patients as drawbacks of VH. |
T23 | 2637-2849 | Sentence | denotes | The median estimated out‐of‐pocket expense saved per VH visit compared with in‐person visits was CAN $75 per patient (range $0‐$1250), and the median estimated amount of time saved was 9 hours (range 0‐92 hours). |
T24 | 2850-2937 | Sentence | denotes | Table 1 Comparison of workflow between in‐person and virtual patient care appointments |
T25 | 2938-2969 | Sentence | denotes | Clinic Type In‐person Virtual |
T26 | 2970-3021 | Sentence | denotes | Routine pre‐clinic Investigation Performed locally |
T27 | 3022-3098 | Sentence | denotes | Specialized investigations performed at transplant center Performed locally |
T28 | 3099-3128 | Sentence | denotes | No specialized investigations |
T29 | 3129-3204 | Sentence | denotes | Clinic visit Spirometry performed on site immediately prior to appointment |
T30 | 3205-3295 | Sentence | denotes | Nursing assessment including vital signs, review of systems, and medication reconciliation |
T31 | 3296-3512 | Sentence | denotes | Pharmacist and physician assessment, including physical examination and documentation to health record Nurse reviews patient‐reported vital signs and home spirometry, review of systems, and medication reconciliation |
T32 | 3513-3642 | Sentence | denotes | Pharmacist and physician assessment, including modified physical examination (inspection only) and documentation to health record |
T33 | 3643-3685 | Sentence | denotes | Follow‐up Performed locally when possible |
T34 | 3686-3752 | Sentence | denotes | Telephone follow‐up when possible Performed locally when possible |
T35 | 3753-3797 | Sentence | denotes | Telephone or virtual follow‐up when possible |
T36 | 3798-3945 | Sentence | denotes | John Wiley & Sons, Ltd This article is being made freely available through PubMed Central as part of the COVID-19 public health emergency response. |
T37 | 3946-4128 | Sentence | denotes | It can be used for unrestricted research re-use and analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source, for the duration of the public health emergency. |
T38 | 4129-4309 | Sentence | denotes | Many barriers exist to successful implementation of VH for lung transplant patients given their frequent need for blood work, imaging, and pulmonary function testing or spirometry. |
T39 | 4310-4509 | Sentence | denotes | In our case, these challenges were mostly mitigated by a provincial electronic medical record for laboratory and radiology reporting, allowing patients to have testing performed in their local areas. |
T40 | 4510-4633 | Sentence | denotes | Clinic spirometry and pulmonary function testing were deferred when possible at the discretion of the transplant physician. |
T41 | 4634-4762 | Sentence | denotes | Virtual health care has been shown to be effective for management of a number of conditions including lung transplant follow‐up. |
T42 | 4763-4940 | Sentence | denotes | 2 , 3 However, concerns with privacy continue to be a consideration, as does the inability for physicians to physically examine the patient, which may lead to suboptimal care. |
T43 | 4941-5072 | Sentence | denotes | While this has not been demonstrated in the literature, few, if any, studies have been powered to capture this type of information. |
T44 | 5073-5219 | Sentence | denotes | There is no literature evaluating the outcomes of rapid implementation of VH in lung transplant patients as necessitated by the COVID‐19 pandemic. |
T45 | 5220-5322 | Sentence | denotes | Virtual health care will play a greater role in post‐transplant care even after the COVID‐19 pandemic. |
T46 | 5323-5494 | Sentence | denotes | Patients, HCPs, and health systems are likely to demand increased access to VH to reduce cost and time spent accessing care, and to improve the overall patient experience. |
T47 | 5495-5673 | Sentence | denotes | The greatest challenges associated with VH at this time appear to be technological barriers including inadequate technological infrastructure as well as poor technology literacy. |
T48 | 5674-5765 | Sentence | denotes | 4 Investment in improved VH infrastructure is needed to enable system‐wide implementation. |
T49 | 5766-5918 | Sentence | denotes | Our preliminary data demonstrate that VH can be rapidly implemented in lung transplant clinics with a high degree of patient and physician satisfaction. |
T50 | 5919-6101 | Sentence | denotes | Research is ongoing to identify the optimal patients and circumstances for whom VH‐based post‐transplant care may be implemented in the long term using objective clinical end points. |
T51 | 6103-6123 | Sentence | denotes | CONFLICT OF INTEREST |
T52 | 6124-6175 | Sentence | denotes | The authors have no competing interests to declare. |