PMC:7534795 / 3525-8036
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T41330 | 111-134 | Body_part | denotes | central nervous systems | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma55675 |
| T72777 | 206-211 | Body_part | denotes | lungs | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68877 |
| T16084 | 241-259 | Body_part | denotes | organs and systems | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7149 |
| T80150 | 275-282 | Body_part | denotes | kidneys | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7203 |
| T68146 | 284-289 | Body_part | denotes | heart | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7088 |
| T74654 | 291-304 | Body_part | denotes | blood vessels | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183 |
| T81920 | 291-296 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670 |
| T8742 | 306-328 | Body_part | denotes | gastrointestinal tract | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma71132 |
| T68419 | 333-338 | Body_part | denotes | brain | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma50801 |
| T63124 | 482-505 | Body_part | denotes | lower respiratory tract | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45662 |
| T36357 | 583-587 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195 |
| T22313 | 675-680 | Body_part | denotes | heart | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7088 |
| T26828 | 1497-1506 | Body_part | denotes | Melatonin | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74644 |
| T62683 | 1636-1641 | Body_part | denotes | heart | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7088 |
| T69623 | 1705-1718 | Body_part | denotes | interleukin-6 | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264829 |
| T2300 | 1851-1859 | Body_part | denotes | cytokine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050 |
| T70564 | 2174-2179 | Body_part | denotes | organ | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498 |
| T71556 | 2522-2535 | Body_part | denotes | interleukin-1 | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86583 |
| T41271 | 2559-2563 | Body_part | denotes | IL-1 | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86583 |
| T45585 | 2584-2591 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
| T90573 | 2639-2647 | Body_part | denotes | cytokine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050 |
| T84940 | 2764-2775 | Body_part | denotes | Granulocyte | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62854 |
| T2963 | 2776-2786 | Body_part | denotes | macrophage | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261 |
| T89453 | 2817-2820 | Body_part | denotes | CSF | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma20935 |
| T80835 | 2838-2841 | Body_part | denotes | CSF | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma20935 |
| T16035 | 2888-2899 | Body_part | denotes | macrophages | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261 |
| T75061 | 2963-2966 | Body_part | denotes | CSF | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma20935 |
| T35610 | 3014-3017 | Body_part | denotes | CSF | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma20935 |
| T79976 | 3043-3052 | Body_part | denotes | cytokines | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050 |
| T70672 | 3092-3100 | Body_part | denotes | cytokine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050 |
| T41412 | 3190-3199 | Body_part | denotes | cytokines | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050 |
| T31184 | 3823-3828 | Body_part | denotes | heart | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7088 |
| T42589 | 4216-4237 | Body_part | denotes | endoplasmic reticulum | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63842 |
| T72751 | 4239-4241 | Body_part | denotes | ER | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63842 |
| T4655 | 4423-4434 | Body_part | denotes | fatty acids | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82738 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T4 | 111-134 | Body_part | denotes | central nervous systems | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001017 |
| T5 | 241-247 | Body_part | denotes | organs | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 |
| T6 | 284-304 | Body_part | denotes | heart, blood vessels | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003498 |
| T7 | 284-289 | Body_part | denotes | heart | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 |
| T8 | 291-296 | Body_part | denotes | blood | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 |
| T9 | 297-304 | Body_part | denotes | vessels | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 |
| T10 | 333-338 | Body_part | denotes | brain | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000955 |
| T11 | 482-505 | Body_part | denotes | lower respiratory tract | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558 |
| T12 | 488-505 | Body_part | denotes | respiratory tract | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065 |
| T13 | 583-587 | Body_part | denotes | lung | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 |
| T14 | 675-680 | Body_part | denotes | heart | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 |
| T15 | 1636-1641 | Body_part | denotes | heart | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 |
| T16 | 2174-2179 | Body_part | denotes | organ | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 |
| T17 | 3823-3828 | Body_part | denotes | heart | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T28 | 173-181 | Disease | denotes | SARS-CoV | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
| T29 | 402-410 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T30 | 482-513 | Disease | denotes | lower respiratory tract disease | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000270 |
| T31 | 577-594 | Disease | denotes | acute lung injury | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015796 |
| T33 | 588-594 | Disease | denotes | injury | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178 |
| T34 | 596-599 | Disease | denotes | ALI | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502 |
| T35 | 602-637 | Disease | denotes | acute respiratory distress syndrome | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502 |
| T36 | 608-637 | Disease | denotes | respiratory distress syndrome | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009971 |
| T37 | 639-643 | Disease | denotes | ARDS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502 |
| T38 | 646-665 | Disease | denotes | respiratory failure | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021113 |
| T39 | 675-688 | Disease | denotes | heart failure | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005252 |
| T40 | 690-692 | Disease | denotes | HF | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005252 |
| T41 | 698-719 | Disease | denotes | sudden cardiac arrest | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007264 |
| T42 | 705-719 | Disease | denotes | cardiac arrest | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000745 |
| T43 | 1058-1066 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T44 | 1272-1280 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T45 | 1452-1460 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T46 | 1551-1565 | Disease | denotes | cardiomyopathy | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004994 |
| T47 | 1584-1605 | Disease | denotes | myocardial infarction | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005068 |
| T48 | 1607-1621 | Disease | denotes | cardiomyopathy | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004994 |
| T49 | 1623-1650 | Disease | denotes | hypertensive heart diseases | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001302 |
| T50 | 1656-1678 | Disease | denotes | pulmonary hypertension | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005149 |
| T51 | 1666-1678 | Disease | denotes | hypertension | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044 |
| T52 | 2120-2128 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T53 | 2211-2217 | Disease | denotes | injury | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178 |
| T54 | 2902-2910 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T55 | 3216-3224 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T56 | 3519-3527 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T57 | 3668-3676 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T58 | 3762-3774 | Disease | denotes | hypertension | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044 |
| T59 | 3776-3791 | Disease | denotes | atherosclerosis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005311 |
| T60 | 3803-3815 | Disease | denotes | inflammation | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166 |
| T61 | 3823-3836 | Disease | denotes | heart failure | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005252 |
| T62 | 3846-3858 | Disease | denotes | inflammation | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166 |
| T63 | 3864-3883 | Disease | denotes | myocardial ischemia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024644 |
| T64 | 3875-3883 | Disease | denotes | ischemia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005053 |
| T65 | 4302-4314 | Disease | denotes | inflammation | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T5066 | 26-33 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 | denotes | animals |
| T11010 | 38-44 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | humans |
| T91245 | 111-134 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001017 | denotes | central nervous systems |
| T41100 | 111-134 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000302 | denotes | central nervous systems |
| T28423 | 111-134 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000908 | denotes | central nervous systems |
| T54681 | 141-143 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001022 | denotes | Li |
| T54688 | 141-143 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007314 | denotes | Li |
| T28843 | 206-211 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lungs |
| T98322 | 241-259 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000467 | denotes | organs and systems |
| T76276 | 275-282 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113 | denotes | kidneys |
| T59650 | 275-282 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000927 | denotes | kidneys |
| T46669 | 275-282 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000929 | denotes | kidneys |
| T10398 | 284-289 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 | denotes | heart |
| T37309 | 284-289 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007100 | denotes | heart |
| T60359 | 284-289 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 | denotes | heart |
| T83927 | 284-289 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000815 | denotes | heart |
| T95767 | 291-304 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 | denotes | blood vessels |
| T43385 | 291-304 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 | denotes | blood vessels |
| T54345 | 306-328 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005409 | denotes | gastrointestinal tract |
| T58218 | 333-338 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000955 | denotes | brain |
| T72303 | 333-338 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000302 | denotes | brain |
| T28712 | 482-505 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558 | denotes | lower respiratory tract |
| T81723 | 583-587 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 | denotes | lung |
| T29985 | 583-587 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 | denotes | lung |
| T97169 | 675-680 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 | denotes | heart |
| T97037 | 675-680 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007100 | denotes | heart |
| T58825 | 675-680 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 | denotes | heart |
| T17826 | 675-680 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000815 | denotes | heart |
| T25626 | 727-728 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T20269 | 1568-1571 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | Has |
| T32303 | 1636-1641 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 | denotes | heart |
| T86034 | 1636-1641 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007100 | denotes | heart |
| T68915 | 1636-1641 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 | denotes | heart |
| T41295 | 1636-1641 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000815 | denotes | heart |
| T78016 | 1705-1718 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001393 | denotes | interleukin-6 |
| T85990 | 2174-2179 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 | denotes | organ |
| T15304 | 2374-2383 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 | denotes | signaling |
| T98618 | 2522-2535 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001091 | denotes | interleukin-1 |
| T66694 | 2548-2549 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T23727 | 2851-2852 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T5199 | 2875-2884 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 | denotes | signaling |
| T73249 | 3823-3828 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 | denotes | heart |
| T2074 | 3823-3828 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007100 | denotes | heart |
| T35465 | 3823-3828 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 | denotes | heart |
| T11230 | 3823-3828 | http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000815 | denotes | heart |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T30 | 141-143 | Chemical | denotes | Li | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30145 |
| T31 | 690-692 | Chemical | denotes | HF | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141438|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29228 |
| T33 | 927-942 | Chemical | denotes | corticosteroids | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50858 |
| T34 | 944-953 | Chemical | denotes | antiviral | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587 |
| T35 | 1364-1373 | Chemical | denotes | Vitamin C | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29073|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38290 |
| T38 | 1364-1371 | Chemical | denotes | Vitamin | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229 |
| T39 | 1497-1506 | Chemical | denotes | Melatonin | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16796 |
| T40 | 1739-1741 | Chemical | denotes | IL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072 |
| T42 | 1772-1774 | Chemical | denotes | IL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072 |
| T44 | 1799-1801 | Chemical | denotes | IL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072 |
| T46 | 1879-1881 | Chemical | denotes | IL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072 |
| T48 | 2019-2029 | Chemical | denotes | etanercept | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4875 |
| T49 | 2263-2273 | Chemical | denotes | inhibitors | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 |
| T50 | 2289-2300 | Chemical | denotes | tofacitinib | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71200 |
| T51 | 2369-2371 | Chemical | denotes | IL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072 |
| T53 | 2559-2561 | Chemical | denotes | IL | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072 |
| T55 | 2573-2583 | Chemical | denotes | antagonist | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48706 |
| T56 | 2584-2591 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
| T57 | 2814-2816 | Chemical | denotes | GM | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74120 |
| T58 | 2835-2837 | Chemical | denotes | GM | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74120 |
| T59 | 2960-2962 | Chemical | denotes | GM | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74120 |
| T60 | 3011-3013 | Chemical | denotes | GM | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74120 |
| T61 | 3406-3417 | Chemical | denotes | antagonists | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48706 |
| T62 | 3554-3570 | Chemical | denotes | N-acetylcysteine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28939 |
| T63 | 3556-3570 | Chemical | denotes | acetylcysteine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22198 |
| T64 | 3572-3575 | Chemical | denotes | NAC | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28939|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7421 |
| T66 | 3584-3591 | Chemical | denotes | oxidant | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63248 |
| T67 | 3628-3631 | Chemical | denotes | NAC | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28939|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7421 |
| T69 | 3647-3655 | Chemical | denotes | adjuvant | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60809 |
| T70 | 3741-3744 | Chemical | denotes | NAC | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28939|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7421 |
| T72 | 3907-3909 | Chemical | denotes | La | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33336 |
| T73 | 3976-3983 | Chemical | denotes | epoxide | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32955 |
| T74 | 4000-4010 | Chemical | denotes | inhibitors | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 |
| T75 | 4013-4038 | Chemical | denotes | Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64007 |
| T76 | 4033-4038 | Chemical | denotes | acids | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 |
| T77 | 4040-4044 | Chemical | denotes | EETs | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64007 |
| T78 | 4185-4195 | Chemical | denotes | eicosanoid | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23899 |
| T79 | 4378-4380 | Chemical | denotes | Co | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27638 |
| T80 | 4400-4410 | Chemical | denotes | inhibitors | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 |
| T81 | 4415-4434 | Chemical | denotes | omega-3 fatty acids | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25681 |
| T82 | 4423-4434 | Chemical | denotes | fatty acids | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 |
| T83 | 4429-4434 | Chemical | denotes | acids | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527 |
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T4456 | 2374-2383 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 | denotes | signaling |
| T38785 | 2875-2884 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 | denotes | signaling |
| T79378 | 3803-3815 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 | denotes | inflammation |
| T50858 | 3846-3858 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 | denotes | inflammation |
| T54320 | 3995-3998 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033885 | denotes | sEH |
| T86858 | 4147-4150 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033885 | denotes | sEH |
| T99650 | 4302-4314 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 | denotes | inflammation |
| T10292 | 4396-4399 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033885 | denotes | sEH |
LitCovid-sentences
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T19 | 0-158 | Sentence | denotes | Coronaviruses infect both animals and humans affecting their respiratory, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and central nervous systems (Cui, Li, & Shi, 2019). |
| T20 | 159-389 | Sentence | denotes | Consistently, SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets the lungs but it can affect many other organs and systems, including the kidneys, heart, blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract and brain (Wadman, Couzin-Frankel, Kaiser, & Matacic, 2020). |
| T21 | 390-514 | Sentence | denotes | Symptoms of COVID-19 are manifested as myalgia, fatigue, fever and dry cough, together with lower respiratory tract disease. |
| T22 | 515-738 | Sentence | denotes | In some cases, the severe progression of the disease leads to acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), respiratory failure, sepsis, heart failure (HF) and sudden cardiac arrest within a few days. |
| T23 | 739-902 | Sentence | denotes | Importantly, there is significant morbidity and mortality in the elderly and individuals with underlying health conditions (Chen et al., 2020; Huang et al., 2020). |
| T24 | 903-1177 | Sentence | denotes | Although treatment with corticosteroids, antiviral therapy and mechanical respiratory support have been employed, there is still no specific treatment for COVID-19 and therefore supportive care is of paramount importance (Huang et al., 2020; Wu & McGoogan, 2020) (Table 1 ). |
| T25 | 1178-1290 | Sentence | denotes | Table 1 Overview of some proposed pharmacological agents with potential beneficial effects in COVID-19 patients. |
| T26 | 1291-1340 | Sentence | denotes | Pharmacological intervention Conclusion Reference |
| T27 | 1341-1496 | Sentence | denotes | Antioxidants including Vitamin C and E • Antioxidant effects may ameliorate cardiac injuries of critically ill COVID-19 patients (Wang, Zhang, & Bai, 2020) |
| T28 | 1497-1565 | Sentence | denotes | Melatonin • May have preventive effect against septic cardiomyopathy |
| T29 | 1566-1699 | Sentence | denotes | • Has benefits in myocardial infarction, cardiomyopathy, hypertensive heart diseases, and pulmonary hypertension (Zhang et al., 2020) |
| T30 | 1700-1982 | Sentence | denotes | Anti-interleukin-6 • Tocilizumab (anti-IL-6 receptor), siltuximab (anti-IL-6), and sirukumab (anti-IL-6) are proposed as possible treatments to manage cytokine storm and elevated IL-6 levels (Akhmerov & Marban, 2020; Hendren, Drazner, Bozkurt, & Cooper Jr., 2020; Rizk et al., 2020) |
| T31 | 1983-2243 | Sentence | denotes | Anti-TNFα • Infliximab, adalimumab, etanercept, golimumab, certolizumab as TNFα neutralizing therapies suggested as potential agents for COVID-19 hyperinflammatory state which may ameliorate organ damage including acute cardiac injury (Convertino et al., 2020) |
| T32 | 2244-2516 | Sentence | denotes | Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors • Ruxolitinib, tofacitinib, baricitinib are proposed to be beneficial in controlling excessive IL-6 signaling through STAT-1 and STAT-3 pathways (Alijotas-Reig et al., 2020; Convertino et al., 2020; Richardson et al., 2020; Rizk et al., 2020) |
| T33 | 2517-2763 | Sentence | denotes | Anti-interleukin-1 • Anakinra, a modified IL-1 receptor antagonist protein, is suggested to have therapeutic potential in cytokine storm, given its effectiveness on patient survival in severe sepsis (Alijotas-Reig et al., 2020; Rizk et al., 2020) |
| T34 | 2764-2899 | Sentence | denotes | Granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) inhibition • GM-CSF can play a pro-inflammatory role signaling to macrophages |
| T35 | 2900-2973 | Sentence | denotes | • COVID-19 patients have been demonstrated to have elevated GM-CSF levels |
| T36 | 2974-3126 | Sentence | denotes | • Literature proposes that targeting GM-CSF upstream of inflammatory cytokines ex. gimsilumab, may be useful to blunt cytokine storm (Rizk et al., 2020) |
| T37 | 3127-3359 | Sentence | denotes | Statins • Anti-inflammatory properties, including reduction in cytokines, may benefit in COVID-19 hyperinflammatory states in addition to their conventional cardioprotective properties (Alijotas-Reig et al., 2020; Rizk et al., 2020) |
| T38 | 3360-3553 | Sentence | denotes | ACEi/ARBs • Proposed that treatment with RAAS antagonists may theoretically be beneficial by upregulating ACE2 and compensating for ACE2 receptors lost due to COVID-19 (Akhmerov & Marban, 2020) |
| T39 | 3554-3719 | Sentence | denotes | N-acetylcysteine (NAC) • Anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of NAC proposed as an adjuvant therapy for COVID-19 and secondary cardiovascular complications |
| T40 | 3720-3951 | Sentence | denotes | • Suggested role for NAC in prevention of hypertension, atherosclerosis-associated inflammation, acute heart failure, thrombo-inflammation, and myocardial ischemia (De Flora, Balansky, & La Maestra, 2020; Guglielmetti et al., 2020) |
| T41 | 3952-4103 | Sentence | denotes | Eicosanoids and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors • Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving |
| T42 | 4104-4249 | Sentence | denotes | • Inhibition of their metabolizing enzyme, sEH, may be beneficial by maintaining eicosanoid levels and reducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress |
| T43 | 4250-4375 | Sentence | denotes | • Potential to limit inflammatory storm and resolve inflammation in addition to their established cardioprotective properties |
| T44 | 4376-4511 | Sentence | denotes | • Co-treatment with sEH inhibitors and omega-3 fatty acids may provide synergistic effects (Hammock, Wang, Gilligan, & Panigrahy, 2020) |
LitCovid-PD-HP
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T6 | 429-436 | Phenotype | denotes | myalgia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0003326 |
| T7 | 438-445 | Phenotype | denotes | fatigue | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012378 |
| T8 | 447-452 | Phenotype | denotes | fever | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945 |
| T9 | 457-466 | Phenotype | denotes | dry cough | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031246 |
| T10 | 577-594 | Phenotype | denotes | acute lung injury | http://www.orpha.net/ORDO/Orphanet_178320 |
| T11 | 596-599 | Phenotype | denotes | ALI | http://www.orpha.net/ORDO/Orphanet_178320 |
| T12 | 608-628 | Phenotype | denotes | respiratory distress | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098 |
| T13 | 646-665 | Phenotype | denotes | respiratory failure | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002878 |
| T14 | 667-673 | Phenotype | denotes | sepsis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100806 |
| T15 | 675-688 | Phenotype | denotes | heart failure | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001635 |
| T16 | 690-692 | Phenotype | denotes | HF | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001635 |
| T17 | 698-719 | Phenotype | denotes | sudden cardiac arrest | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031628 |
| T18 | 1551-1565 | Phenotype | denotes | cardiomyopathy | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001638 |
| T19 | 1584-1605 | Phenotype | denotes | myocardial infarction | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001658 |
| T20 | 1607-1621 | Phenotype | denotes | cardiomyopathy | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001638 |
| T21 | 1666-1678 | Phenotype | denotes | hypertension | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822 |
| T22 | 1851-1865 | Phenotype | denotes | cytokine storm | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033041 |
| T23 | 2639-2653 | Phenotype | denotes | cytokine storm | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033041 |
| T24 | 2709-2715 | Phenotype | denotes | sepsis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100806 |
| T25 | 3092-3106 | Phenotype | denotes | cytokine storm | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033041 |
| T26 | 3762-3774 | Phenotype | denotes | hypertension | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822 |
| T27 | 3776-3791 | Phenotype | denotes | atherosclerosis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002621 |
| T28 | 3823-3836 | Phenotype | denotes | heart failure | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001635 |
2_test
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 33031856-30531947-84038795 | 152-156 | 30531947 | denotes | 2019 |
| 33031856-32327580-84038796 | 383-387 | 32327580 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32007143-84038797 | 876-880 | 32007143 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-31986264-84038798 | 896-900 | 31986264 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-31986264-84038799 | 1139-1143 | 31986264 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32091533-84038800 | 1160-1164 | 32091533 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32321655-84038801 | 1491-1495 | 32321655 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32252591-84038802 | 1911-1915 | 32252591 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32297796-84038803 | 1958-1962 | 32297796 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32696108-84038804 | 1977-1981 | 32696108 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32527304-84038805 | 2238-2242 | 32527304 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32527304-84038806 | 2467-2471 | 32527304 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32032529-84038807 | 2492-2496 | 32032529 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32696108-84038808 | 2511-2515 | 32696108 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32696108-84038809 | 2758-2762 | 32696108 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32696108-84038810 | 3121-3125 | 32696108 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32696108-84038811 | 2758-2762 | 32696108 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32252591-84038812 | 3548-3552 | 32252591 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32560665-84038813 | 3946-3950 | 32560665 | denotes | 2020 |
| 33031856-32650004-84038814 | 4506-4510 | 32650004 | denotes | 2020 |
LitCovid-PubTator
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 156 | 1705-1718 | Gene | denotes | interleukin-6 | Gene:3569 |
| 157 | 1772-1776 | Gene | denotes | IL-6 | Gene:3569 |
| 158 | 1799-1803 | Gene | denotes | IL-6 | Gene:3569 |
| 159 | 1879-1883 | Gene | denotes | IL-6 | Gene:3569 |
| 160 | 1988-1992 | Gene | denotes | TNFα | Gene:7124 |
| 161 | 2058-2062 | Gene | denotes | TNFα | Gene:7124 |
| 162 | 2369-2373 | Gene | denotes | IL-6 | Gene:3569 |
| 163 | 2392-2398 | Gene | denotes | STAT-1 | Gene:6772 |
| 164 | 2403-2409 | Gene | denotes | STAT-3 | Gene:6774 |
| 165 | 2559-2583 | Gene | denotes | IL-1 receptor antagonist | Gene:3557 |
| 166 | 2764-2812 | Gene | denotes | Granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor | Gene:1437 |
| 167 | 2814-2820 | Gene | denotes | GM-CSF | Gene:1437 |
| 168 | 2960-2966 | Gene | denotes | GM-CSF | Gene:1437 |
| 169 | 3011-3017 | Gene | denotes | GM-CSF | Gene:1437 |
| 176 | 2522-2535 | Gene | denotes | interleukin-1 | Gene:3552 |
| 177 | 1461-1469 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
| 178 | 2682-2689 | Species | denotes | patient | Tax:9606 |
| 179 | 2911-2919 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
| 180 | 2835-2841 | Gene | denotes | GM-CSF | Gene:1437 |
| 181 | 1364-1373 | Chemical | denotes | Vitamin C | MESH:D001205 |
| 182 | 1497-1506 | Chemical | denotes | Melatonin | MESH:D008550 |
| 183 | 1417-1433 | Disease | denotes | cardiac injuries | MESH:D006331 |
| 184 | 1437-1451 | Disease | denotes | critically ill | MESH:D016638 |
| 185 | 1452-1460 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
| 186 | 1544-1565 | Disease | denotes | septic cardiomyopathy | MESH:D009202 |
| 187 | 1584-1605 | Disease | denotes | myocardial infarction | MESH:D009203 |
| 188 | 1607-1621 | Disease | denotes | cardiomyopathy | MESH:D009202 |
| 189 | 1623-1650 | Disease | denotes | hypertensive heart diseases | MESH:D006973 |
| 190 | 1656-1678 | Disease | denotes | pulmonary hypertension | MESH:D006976 |
| 191 | 2120-2128 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
| 192 | 2203-2249 | Disease | denotes | cardiac injury (Convertino et al., 2020) Janus | MESH:D006331 |
| 193 | 2709-2715 | Disease | denotes | sepsis | MESH:D018805 |
| 194 | 2888-2910 | Disease | denotes | macrophages • COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
| 195 | 3057-3067 | Disease | denotes | gimsilumab | |
| 208 | 1281-1289 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
| 209 | 1272-1280 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
| 228 | 0-13 | Species | denotes | Coronaviruses | Tax:11118 |
| 229 | 38-44 | Species | denotes | humans | Tax:9606 |
| 230 | 173-183 | Species | denotes | SARS-CoV-2 | Tax:2697049 |
| 231 | 402-410 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |
| 232 | 429-436 | Disease | denotes | myalgia | MESH:D063806 |
| 233 | 438-445 | Disease | denotes | fatigue | MESH:D005221 |
| 234 | 447-452 | Disease | denotes | fever | MESH:D005334 |
| 235 | 457-466 | Disease | denotes | dry cough | MESH:D003371 |
| 236 | 488-513 | Disease | denotes | respiratory tract disease | MESH:D012140 |
| 237 | 583-594 | Disease | denotes | lung injury | MESH:D055370 |
| 238 | 602-637 | Disease | denotes | acute respiratory distress syndrome | MESH:D012128 |
| 239 | 639-643 | Disease | denotes | ARDS | MESH:D012128 |
| 240 | 646-665 | Disease | denotes | respiratory failure | MESH:D012131 |
| 241 | 667-673 | Disease | denotes | sepsis | MESH:D018805 |
| 242 | 675-688 | Disease | denotes | heart failure | MESH:D006333 |
| 243 | 705-719 | Disease | denotes | cardiac arrest | MESH:D006323 |
| 244 | 787-796 | Disease | denotes | mortality | MESH:D003643 |
| 245 | 1058-1066 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | MESH:C000657245 |