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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 0-13 Body_part denotes Interleukin-6 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264829
T2 0-11 Body_part denotes Interleukin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578
T3 191-199 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T4 221-234 Body_part denotes interleukin-6 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264829
T5 1197-1202 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 1197-1202 Body_part denotes serum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 25-33 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T2 109-117 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T3 136-148 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T4 318-326 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T5 528-536 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T6 743-751 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T7 796-804 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T8 1594-1602 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T9 1758-1766 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T10 1858-1866 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001393 denotes Interleukin-6
T2 35-36 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T3 178-179 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T4 221-234 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001393 denotes interleukin-6
T5 458-459 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T6 547-548 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T7 1059-1063 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003101 denotes male
T8 1059-1063 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000970 denotes male
T9 1272-1273 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T10 1299-1301 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008426 denotes pg
T11 1553-1554 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 165-176 Chemical denotes tocilizumab http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64360
T2 236-238 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T4 450-452 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T6 469-478 Chemical denotes indicator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47867
T7 695-697 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T9 959-964 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T10 1029-1034 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T11 1059-1063 Chemical denotes male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30780
T12 1078-1083 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T13 1122-1127 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T14 1213-1215 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T16 1232-1237 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T17 1261-1266 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T18 1474-1476 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T20 1585-1587 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T22 1725-1727 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T24 1849-1851 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
2 0-13 Gene denotes Interleukin-6 Gene:3569
3 25-33 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
13 221-234 Gene denotes interleukin-6 Gene:3569
14 450-454 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
15 297-305 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
16 505-513 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
17 165-176 Chemical denotes tocilizumab MESH:C502936
18 109-117 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
19 130-148 Disease denotes hyper-inflammation MESH:D007249
20 318-326 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
21 528-536 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
30 695-699 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
31 1213-1217 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
32 1474-1478 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
33 710-718 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
34 765-773 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
35 883-891 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
36 743-751 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
37 796-804 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
45 1585-1589 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
46 1725-1729 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
47 1849-1853 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
48 1744-1752 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
49 1594-1602 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
50 1758-1766 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
51 1858-1866 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 136-148 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T2 1725-1740 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032635 denotes IL-6 production

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-72 Sentence denotes Interleukin-6 and severe COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
T2 74-82 Sentence denotes Abstract
T3 83-93 Sentence denotes Background
T4 94-149 Sentence denotes Evidence links COVID-19 severity to hyper-inflammation.
T5 150-327 Sentence denotes Treatment with tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor, was shown to lead to clinical improvement in patients with severe COVID-19.
T6 328-537 Sentence denotes We, therefore, performed the present systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether the circulating levels of IL-6 is a reliable indicator of disease severity among patients affected with COVID-19.
T7 539-546 Sentence denotes Methods
T8 547-653 Sentence denotes A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar on April 19, 2020.
T9 655-662 Sentence denotes Results
T10 663-818 Sentence denotes Eleven studies provided data of IL-6 levels in patients with severe to critical COVID-19 (severe) and patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 (non-severe).
T11 819-873 Sentence denotes The included studies were of moderate to high quality.
T12 874-1035 Sentence denotes The mean patients’ age was 60.9 years, ranging from 45.2 to 76.7 years in the severe group and 46.8 years, ranging from 37.9 to 61 years, in the nonsevere group.
T13 1036-1128 Sentence denotes Fifty-two percent were male in the severe group, as compared to 46% in the non-severe group.
T14 1129-1313 Sentence denotes An overall random effects meta-analysis showed significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 in the severe group than in the non-severe group with a mean difference of +23.1 pg/mL (95% CI:
T15 1314-1376 Sentence denotes 12.42–33.79) and the overall effect of 4.24 (P-value < 0.001).
T16 1377-1498 Sentence denotes Meta-regressions showed that neither age nor sex significantly influenced the mean difference of IL-6 between the groups.
T17 1500-1511 Sentence denotes Conclusions
T18 1512-1640 Sentence denotes Meta-analysis and meta-regression reveal a reliable relationship between IL-6 and COVID-19 severity, independent of age and sex.
T19 1641-1767 Sentence denotes Future research is, however, required to assess the effect of BMI on the pattern of IL-6 production in patients with COVID-19.
T20 1768-1902 Sentence denotes Also, there might be confounding factors that influence the relationship between IL-6 and COVID-19 severity and remain as yet unknown.
T21 1906-1937 Sentence denotes Acknowledgments and disclosures
T22 1938-1997 Sentence denotes Ethics approval and consent to participate: not applicable.
T23 1998-2038 Sentence denotes Consent for publication: not applicable.
T24 2039-2090 Sentence denotes Availability of data and materials: not applicable.
T25 2091-2173 Sentence denotes Conflicts of interests: the authors declare that they have no competing interests.
T26 2174-2225 Sentence denotes Funding: there is no funding for the present study.
T27 2226-2419 Sentence denotes Authors’ contributions: H.M. conceptualized the study, conducted database search, search results screening, detailed review, data extraction, quality assessment, and prepared the initial draft.
T28 2420-2450 Sentence denotes A.S. prepared the final draft.
T29 2451-2519 Sentence denotes N.R. supervised the project and critically appraised the manuscript.
T30 2520-2552 Sentence denotes Acknowledgments: not applicable.