PMC:7523471 / 79106-80911 JSONTXT

{"project":"TEST0","denotations":[{"id":"33041751-231-239-816834","span":{"begin":260,"end":264},"obj":"[\"15340151\"]"},{"id":"33041751-104-112-816835","span":{"begin":371,"end":375},"obj":"[\"11914555\"]"},{"id":"33041751-125-133-816836","span":{"begin":392,"end":396},"obj":"[\"16564058\"]"},{"id":"33041751-230-238-816837","span":{"begin":677,"end":681},"obj":"[\"2314849\"]"},{"id":"33041751-233-241-816838","span":{"begin":702,"end":706},"obj":"[\"8977022\"]"},{"id":"33041751-229-237-816839","span":{"begin":726,"end":730},"obj":"[\"28522986\"]"},{"id":"33041751-165-173-816840","span":{"begin":898,"end":902},"obj":"[\"32309804\"]"},{"id":"33041751-230-238-816841","span":{"begin":1230,"end":1234},"obj":"[\"8126359\"]"},{"id":"33041751-231-239-816842","span":{"begin":1253,"end":1257},"obj":"[\"23084085\"]"},{"id":"33041751-232-240-816843","span":{"begin":1627,"end":1631},"obj":"[\"16406539\"]"},{"id":"33041751-231-239-816844","span":{"begin":1647,"end":1651},"obj":"[\"18219347\"]"},{"id":"33041751-226-234-816845","span":{"begin":1671,"end":1675},"obj":"[\"19336464\"]"},{"id":"33041751-232-240-816846","span":{"begin":1691,"end":1695},"obj":"[\"20410146\"]"},{"id":"33041751-232-240-816847","span":{"begin":1712,"end":1716},"obj":"[\"23165340\"]"},{"id":"33041751-231-239-816848","span":{"begin":1734,"end":1738},"obj":"[\"26233693\"]"},{"id":"33041751-234-242-816849","span":{"begin":1756,"end":1760},"obj":"[\"26853218\"]"},{"id":"33041751-224-232-816850","span":{"begin":1775,"end":1779},"obj":"[\"27412389\"]"},{"id":"33041751-234-242-816851","span":{"begin":1799,"end":1803},"obj":"[\"28522986\"]"}],"text":"The second most common cause of irreversible vision loss is glaucoma, a condition characterized by optic neuropathy, apoptotic RGC degeneration and NFL damage, driven by increased IOP and accumulation of proteinaceous deposits of Aβ and pTau (Cordeiro et al., 2004). Indeed, a higher occurrence of glaucoma was reported in AD patients compared to controls (Bayer et al., 2002; Tamura et al., 2006). Diminished contrast sensitivity, altered motion and depth perception, and oculomotor disturbances in both AD and glaucoma patients are partially attributed to a preferential loss of the functionally relevant magnocellular RGCs (M-cells) and their nerve fibers (Sadun and Bassi, 1990; Fiorentini et al., 1996; La Morgia et al., 2017). Moreover, impaired contrast sensitivity in MCI patients was shown to significantly correlate with the cerebral burden of amyloid and tau pathology (Risacher et al., 2020). Given the higher concentration of rods in the peripheral retina and their importance in motion and depth perception, low-contrast sensitivity, and peripheral vision, it is not surprising that these visual functions may be adversely influenced by the increased levels of Aβ deposits and pTau in the periphery (Gilmore et al., 1994; Risacher et al., 2013). Cumulative evidence of vision loss and ocular impairments accompanied by progressive retinal changes in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders, including glaucoma, multiple sclerosis (MS), PD, and Huntington’s disease (HD), robustly support the involvement of specific retinal pathologies in functional and visual manifestations of these conditions (Fisher et al., 2006; Gupta et al., 2008; Archibald et al., 2009; Green et al., 2010; London et al., 2013; Kersten et al., 2015; Andrade et al., 2016; Weil et al., 2016; La Morgia et al., 2017)."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"33041751-15340151-38666620","span":{"begin":260,"end":264},"obj":"15340151"},{"id":"33041751-11914555-38666621","span":{"begin":371,"end":375},"obj":"11914555"},{"id":"33041751-16564058-38666622","span":{"begin":392,"end":396},"obj":"16564058"},{"id":"33041751-2314849-38666623","span":{"begin":677,"end":681},"obj":"2314849"},{"id":"33041751-8977022-38666624","span":{"begin":702,"end":706},"obj":"8977022"},{"id":"33041751-28522986-38666625","span":{"begin":726,"end":730},"obj":"28522986"},{"id":"33041751-32309804-38666626","span":{"begin":898,"end":902},"obj":"32309804"},{"id":"33041751-8126359-38666627","span":{"begin":1230,"end":1234},"obj":"8126359"},{"id":"33041751-23084085-38666628","span":{"begin":1253,"end":1257},"obj":"23084085"},{"id":"33041751-16406539-38666629","span":{"begin":1627,"end":1631},"obj":"16406539"},{"id":"33041751-18219347-38666630","span":{"begin":1647,"end":1651},"obj":"18219347"},{"id":"33041751-19336464-38666631","span":{"begin":1671,"end":1675},"obj":"19336464"},{"id":"33041751-20410146-38666632","span":{"begin":1691,"end":1695},"obj":"20410146"},{"id":"33041751-23165340-38666633","span":{"begin":1712,"end":1716},"obj":"23165340"},{"id":"33041751-26233693-38666634","span":{"begin":1734,"end":1738},"obj":"26233693"},{"id":"33041751-26853218-38666635","span":{"begin":1756,"end":1760},"obj":"26853218"},{"id":"33041751-27412389-38666636","span":{"begin":1775,"end":1779},"obj":"27412389"},{"id":"33041751-28522986-38666637","span":{"begin":1799,"end":1803},"obj":"28522986"}],"text":"The second most common cause of irreversible vision loss is glaucoma, a condition characterized by optic neuropathy, apoptotic RGC degeneration and NFL damage, driven by increased IOP and accumulation of proteinaceous deposits of Aβ and pTau (Cordeiro et al., 2004). Indeed, a higher occurrence of glaucoma was reported in AD patients compared to controls (Bayer et al., 2002; Tamura et al., 2006). Diminished contrast sensitivity, altered motion and depth perception, and oculomotor disturbances in both AD and glaucoma patients are partially attributed to a preferential loss of the functionally relevant magnocellular RGCs (M-cells) and their nerve fibers (Sadun and Bassi, 1990; Fiorentini et al., 1996; La Morgia et al., 2017). Moreover, impaired contrast sensitivity in MCI patients was shown to significantly correlate with the cerebral burden of amyloid and tau pathology (Risacher et al., 2020). Given the higher concentration of rods in the peripheral retina and their importance in motion and depth perception, low-contrast sensitivity, and peripheral vision, it is not surprising that these visual functions may be adversely influenced by the increased levels of Aβ deposits and pTau in the periphery (Gilmore et al., 1994; Risacher et al., 2013). Cumulative evidence of vision loss and ocular impairments accompanied by progressive retinal changes in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders, including glaucoma, multiple sclerosis (MS), PD, and Huntington’s disease (HD), robustly support the involvement of specific retinal pathologies in functional and visual manifestations of these conditions (Fisher et al., 2006; Gupta et al., 2008; Archibald et al., 2009; Green et al., 2010; London et al., 2013; Kersten et al., 2015; Andrade et al., 2016; Weil et al., 2016; La Morgia et al., 2017)."}

{"project":"0_colil","denotations":[{"id":"33041751-15340151-816834","span":{"begin":260,"end":264},"obj":"15340151"},{"id":"33041751-11914555-816835","span":{"begin":371,"end":375},"obj":"11914555"},{"id":"33041751-16564058-816836","span":{"begin":392,"end":396},"obj":"16564058"},{"id":"33041751-2314849-816837","span":{"begin":677,"end":681},"obj":"2314849"},{"id":"33041751-8977022-816838","span":{"begin":702,"end":706},"obj":"8977022"},{"id":"33041751-28522986-816839","span":{"begin":726,"end":730},"obj":"28522986"},{"id":"33041751-32309804-816840","span":{"begin":898,"end":902},"obj":"32309804"},{"id":"33041751-8126359-816841","span":{"begin":1230,"end":1234},"obj":"8126359"},{"id":"33041751-23084085-816842","span":{"begin":1253,"end":1257},"obj":"23084085"},{"id":"33041751-16406539-816843","span":{"begin":1627,"end":1631},"obj":"16406539"},{"id":"33041751-18219347-816844","span":{"begin":1647,"end":1651},"obj":"18219347"},{"id":"33041751-19336464-816845","span":{"begin":1671,"end":1675},"obj":"19336464"},{"id":"33041751-20410146-816846","span":{"begin":1691,"end":1695},"obj":"20410146"},{"id":"33041751-23165340-816847","span":{"begin":1712,"end":1716},"obj":"23165340"},{"id":"33041751-26233693-816848","span":{"begin":1734,"end":1738},"obj":"26233693"},{"id":"33041751-26853218-816849","span":{"begin":1756,"end":1760},"obj":"26853218"},{"id":"33041751-27412389-816850","span":{"begin":1775,"end":1779},"obj":"27412389"},{"id":"33041751-28522986-816851","span":{"begin":1799,"end":1803},"obj":"28522986"}],"text":"The second most common cause of irreversible vision loss is glaucoma, a condition characterized by optic neuropathy, apoptotic RGC degeneration and NFL damage, driven by increased IOP and accumulation of proteinaceous deposits of Aβ and pTau (Cordeiro et al., 2004). Indeed, a higher occurrence of glaucoma was reported in AD patients compared to controls (Bayer et al., 2002; Tamura et al., 2006). Diminished contrast sensitivity, altered motion and depth perception, and oculomotor disturbances in both AD and glaucoma patients are partially attributed to a preferential loss of the functionally relevant magnocellular RGCs (M-cells) and their nerve fibers (Sadun and Bassi, 1990; Fiorentini et al., 1996; La Morgia et al., 2017). Moreover, impaired contrast sensitivity in MCI patients was shown to significantly correlate with the cerebral burden of amyloid and tau pathology (Risacher et al., 2020). Given the higher concentration of rods in the peripheral retina and their importance in motion and depth perception, low-contrast sensitivity, and peripheral vision, it is not surprising that these visual functions may be adversely influenced by the increased levels of Aβ deposits and pTau in the periphery (Gilmore et al., 1994; Risacher et al., 2013). Cumulative evidence of vision loss and ocular impairments accompanied by progressive retinal changes in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders, including glaucoma, multiple sclerosis (MS), PD, and Huntington’s disease (HD), robustly support the involvement of specific retinal pathologies in functional and visual manifestations of these conditions (Fisher et al., 2006; Gupta et al., 2008; Archibald et al., 2009; Green et al., 2010; London et al., 2013; Kersten et al., 2015; Andrade et al., 2016; Weil et al., 2016; La Morgia et al., 2017)."}