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PMC:7473770 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 29-33 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T2 34-40 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T3 325-329 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T4 330-336 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T5 625-631 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T6 856-861 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T7 1067-1075 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T8 1182-1193 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T9 1211-1217 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T10 1280-1286 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T11 1315-1326 Body_part denotes compartment http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma76577
T12 1517-1522 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T13 1590-1594 Body_part denotes Lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T14 1663-1668 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576
T15 1871-1875 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T16 2004-2012 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T17 2433-2451 Body_part denotes cellular membranes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63841
T18 2547-2555 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T19 2556-2565 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T20 2771-2776 Body_part denotes lungs http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68877
T21 2918-2923 Body_part denotes lungs http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68877
T22 3033-3039 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T23 3157-3161 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T24 3276-3281 Body_part denotes lungs http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68877
T25 3553-3559 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T26 3580-3584 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T27 4295-4299 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T28 4393-4406 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T29 4393-4398 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T30 4662-4666 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T31 4917-4921 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T32 5002-5008 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T33 5037-5048 Body_part denotes compartment http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma76577
T34 5667-5674 Body_part denotes tissues http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T35 6251-6255 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T36 6867-6873 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T37 7422-7428 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T38 8110-8115 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T39 8129-8135 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T40 8928-8934 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T41 9257-9263 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T42 9484-9488 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T43 9489-9496 Body_part denotes tissues http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T44 9828-9832 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T45 9889-9895 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T46 10396-10400 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T47 10858-10864 Body_part denotes radius http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma23463
T48 12055-12063 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T49 13068-13076 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T50 14120-14128 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T51 14129-14139 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45732
T52 14249-14260 Body_part denotes lymphocytic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T53 14314-14329 Body_part denotes pulmonary veins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70827
T54 14410-14419 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T55 14420-14433 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T56 14420-14425 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T57 14459-14475 Body_part denotes endothelial cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66772
T58 14471-14475 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T59 14572-14580 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T60 14603-14614 Body_part denotes lymphocytic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T61 14686-14692 Body_part denotes artery http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma50720
T62 14705-14717 Body_part denotes erythrocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62845
T63 14919-14931 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T64 14992-15009 Body_part denotes connective tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9640
T65 15020-15034 Body_part denotes elastic fibers http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63868
T66 15039-15047 Body_part denotes collagen http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63891
T67 15067-15073 Body_part denotes muscle http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma32558
T68 15134-15142 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T69 15143-15153 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45732
T70 15172-15181 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T71 15191-15200 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T72 15201-15214 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T73 15201-15206 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T74 15309-15322 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T75 15309-15314 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T76 15329-15334 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T77 15430-15441 Body_part denotes capillaries http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T78 15615-15623 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T79 15624-15634 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45732
T80 15664-15676 Body_part denotes neutrophilic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62860
T81 15939-15951 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T82 15996-16008 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T83 16090-16098 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T84 16099-16109 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45732
T85 16122-16133 Body_part denotes lymphocytic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T86 16410-16422 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T87 16538-16550 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T88 16604-16610 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T89 16662-16668 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T90 16723-16728 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T91 16838-16846 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T92 16847-16857 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45732
T93 16874-16885 Body_part denotes lymphocytic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T94 16963-16971 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T95 16979-16991 Body_part denotes neutrophilic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62860
T96 17025-17034 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T97 17094-17119 Body_part denotes alveolar epithelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62499
T98 17114-17119 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T99 17181-17201 Body_part denotes alveolar macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83023
T100 17242-17254 Body_part denotes neutrophilic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62860
T101 17255-17267 Body_part denotes granulocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62854
T102 17519-17530 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T103 17625-17636 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T104 17640-17652 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T105 17684-17697 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T106 17684-17689 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T107 17789-17793 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T108 17803-17814 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T109 17818-17823 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T110 17827-17839 Body_part denotes erythrocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62845
T111 17942-17950 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T112 17951-17961 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45732
T113 17967-17978 Body_part denotes lymphocytic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T114 18039-18043 Body_part denotes vein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma50723
T115 18049-18061 Body_part denotes interstitium http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86301
T116 18069-18077 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T117 18188-18204 Body_part denotes bronchial mucosa http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62652
T118 18198-18204 Body_part denotes mucosa http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma85355
T119 18230-18241 Body_part denotes lymphocytic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T120 18290-18303 Body_part denotes bronchiolitis http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma76497
T121 18456-18462 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T122 18504-18515 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T123 18608-18614 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T124 18696-18702 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T125 18735-18746 Body_part denotes capillaries http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T126 18956-18960 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T127 19140-19146 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T128 19175-19181 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T129 19265-19271 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T130 19592-19598 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T131 19741-19753 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T132 19943-19949 Body_part denotes Tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T133 20014-20018 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T134 20019-20025 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T135 20179-20185 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T136 20390-20395 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T137 20447-20453 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T138 20802-20805 Body_part denotes map http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67847
T139 20824-20830 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T140 20882-20888 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T141 20917-20928 Body_part denotes compartment http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma76577
T142 21451-21459 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T143 21490-21503 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T144 21490-21495 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T145 21590-21593 Body_part denotes map http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67847
T146 21657-21663 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T147 21858-21864 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T148 22155-22166 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T149 22181-22185 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T150 22186-22192 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T151 22269-22275 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T152 22314-22317 Body_part denotes eye http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54448
T153 22367-22380 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T154 22367-22372 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T155 22472-22476 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T156 22697-22707 Body_part denotes lymphocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T157 22745-22756 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T158 23000-23004 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T159 23005-23011 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T160 23388-23394 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T161 23518-23524 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T162 23576-23587 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T163 24177-24185 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T164 24461-24474 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T165 24461-24466 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T166 24574-24585 Body_part denotes vasculature http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma69050
T167 24640-24648 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T168 25193-25205 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T169 25511-25522 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T170 25568-25585 Body_part denotes cell segmentation http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma242660
T171 25568-25572 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T172 25647-25651 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T173 25714-25718 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T174 25772-25776 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T175 25815-25821 Body_part denotes radius http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma23463
T176 25833-25837 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T177 25915-25920 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T178 26011-26017 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T179 26073-26081 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T180 26131-26141 Body_part denotes lymphocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T181 26166-26172 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T182 26332-26338 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T183 26517-26523 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T184 26583-26594 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T185 26630-26634 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T186 26653-26657 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T187 26658-26664 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T188 26680-26692 Body_part denotes compartments http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma76577
T189 26720-26733 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T190 26720-26725 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T191 26781-26793 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T192 26921-26930 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T193 27077-27089 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T194 27199-27208 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T195 27235-27244 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T196 27269-27274 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T197 27297-27306 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T198 27383-27395 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T199 27507-27518 Body_part denotes capillaries http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T200 27647-27659 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T201 27761-27773 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T202 27915-27927 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T203 28032-28041 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T204 28065-28077 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T205 28110-28119 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T206 28139-28148 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T207 28173-28185 Body_part denotes erythrocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62845
T208 28290-28302 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T209 28318-28329 Body_part denotes capillaries http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T210 28487-28499 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T211 28665-28669 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T212 29380-29384 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T213 29506-29519 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63183
T214 29506-29511 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T215 29601-29605 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T216 29877-29885 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T217 30559-30563 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T218 30857-30861 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T219 30949-30953 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T220 30985-30991 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T221 31208-31219 Body_part denotes capillaries http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T222 31876-31880 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T223 31998-32004 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T224 32057-32061 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T225 32118-32124 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T226 32744-32748 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T227 33079-33087 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T228 33472-33478 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T229 33699-33705 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T230 33811-33817 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T231 34390-34394 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T232 34660-34664 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T233 34665-34671 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T234 35053-35057 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T235 35058-35064 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T236 35921-35927 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T237 36023-36029 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T238 36172-36178 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T239 36358-36364 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T240 40928-40936 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T241 41143-41149 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T242 41331-41342 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T243 41355-41361 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T244 41375-41398 Body_part denotes connected to the tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9640
T245 41392-41398 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T246 41438-41441 Body_part denotes map http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67847
T247 41498-41510 Body_part denotes compartments http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma76577
T248 41545-41551 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T249 41759-41765 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T250 41777-41783 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T251 41838-41844 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T252 41884-41890 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T253 42200-42206 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T254 42233-42244 Body_part denotes compartment http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma76577
T255 42310-42328 Body_part denotes capillary networks http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45633
T256 42310-42319 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T257 42460-42477 Body_part denotes capillary network http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45633
T258 42489-42493 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T259 42611-42615 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T260 42642-42653 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T261 42658-42669 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T262 42794-42796 Body_part denotes AG http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma61898
T263 42873-42884 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T264 43053-43064 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T265 43161-43172 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T266 43190-43199 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T267 43257-43268 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T268 43291-43302 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T269 43397-43408 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T270 43453-43464 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T271 43487-43504 Body_part denotes endothelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66772
T272 43499-43504 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T273 43522-43533 Body_part denotes capillaries http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T274 43546-43551 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T275 43702-43713 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T276 43735-43746 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T277 43793-43804 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T278 43816-43820 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T279 43821-43827 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T280 46312-46316 Body_part denotes Lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T281 46317-46323 Body_part denotes Tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T282 46418-46426 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T283 46511-46517 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T284 46639-46647 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T285 46812-46820 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T286 47184-47192 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T287 47211-47219 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T288 47357-47369 Body_part denotes Artery lumen http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14163
T289 47357-47363 Body_part denotes Artery http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma50720
T290 47371-47382 Body_part denotes artery wall http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14155
T291 47371-47377 Body_part denotes artery http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma50720
T292 47384-47396 Body_part denotes erythrocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62845
T293 47408-47416 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T294 47500-47508 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T295 47658-47670 Body_part denotes Erythrocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62845
T296 47696-47699 Body_part denotes eye http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54448
T297 47876-47881 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T298 47930-47947 Body_part denotes blood capillaries http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63194
T299 47930-47935 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T300 47955-47963 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T301 48108-48116 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T302 48129-48137 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T303 48245-48257 Body_part denotes Artery lumen http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14163
T304 48245-48251 Body_part denotes Artery http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma50720
T305 48259-48270 Body_part denotes artery wall http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14155
T306 48259-48265 Body_part denotes artery http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma50720
T307 48272-48284 Body_part denotes erythrocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62845
T308 48296-48304 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T309 48313-48323 Body_part denotes macrophage http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T310 48551-48559 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T311 48792-48804 Body_part denotes erythrocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62845
T312 48985-48993 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T313 49048-49054 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T314 50315-50321 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T315 50417-50425 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T316 50918-50926 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T317 50964-50972 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T318 51162-51170 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T319 51265-51269 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T320 51270-51276 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T321 51622-51630 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T322 51766-51770 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T323 51815-51821 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T324 52065-52071 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T325 52106-52110 Body_part denotes V, 1 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma13444|http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68614
T327 52398-52404 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T328 53075-53079 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T329 53080-53086 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T330 53178-53185 Body_part denotes tissues http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T331 53340-53348 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T332 53387-53391 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T333 53392-53398 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T334 53439-53445 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T335 53639-53650 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T336 53655-53667 Body_part denotes erythrocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62845
T337 53717-53725 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T338 53805-53811 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T339 53960-53966 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 29-33 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T2 34-40 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T3 216-221 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T4 325-329 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T5 330-336 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T6 439-444 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T7 625-631 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T8 1211-1217 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T9 1280-1286 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T10 1517-1522 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T11 1590-1594 Body_part denotes Lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T12 1663-1668 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443
T13 1871-1875 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T14 2556-2565 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T15 2804-2810 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T16 3033-3039 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T17 3157-3161 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T18 3553-3559 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T19 3580-3584 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T20 3637-3643 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T21 3657-3667 Body_part denotes extensions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000106
T22 4393-4406 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T23 4393-4398 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T24 4399-4406 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T25 4662-4666 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T26 5002-5008 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T27 6251-6255 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T28 6352-6358 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T29 6867-6873 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T30 7210-7215 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T31 7422-7428 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T32 7542-7547 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T33 8129-8135 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T34 8928-8934 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T35 9209-9214 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T36 9257-9263 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T37 9484-9488 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T38 9828-9832 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T39 9889-9895 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T40 10244-10250 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T41 10396-10400 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T42 11450-11455 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T43 11863-11869 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T44 12962-12968 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T45 12986-13008 Body_part denotes morphological features http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034768
T46 13271-13276 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T47 13647-13652 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T48 14025-14030 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T49 14129-14139 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353
T50 14314-14329 Body_part denotes pulmonary veins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002016
T51 14410-14425 Body_part denotes capillary blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013757
T52 14410-14419 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T53 14420-14425 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T54 14426-14433 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T55 14471-14481 Body_part denotes cell layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000119
T56 14686-14692 Body_part denotes artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637
T57 14770-14777 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T58 14919-14931 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T59 14919-14924 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T60 14925-14931 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T61 14992-15009 Body_part denotes connective tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384
T62 15003-15009 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T63 15143-15153 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353
T64 15172-15181 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T65 15191-15206 Body_part denotes capillary blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013757
T66 15191-15200 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T67 15201-15206 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T68 15207-15214 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T69 15309-15322 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T70 15309-15314 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T71 15315-15322 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T72 15329-15334 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T73 15352-15359 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T74 15515-15521 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T75 15624-15634 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353
T76 15939-15951 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T77 15939-15944 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T78 15945-15951 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T79 15986-15992 Body_part denotes septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037
T80 15996-16008 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T81 15996-16001 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T82 16002-16008 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T83 16099-16109 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353
T84 16410-16422 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T85 16410-16415 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T86 16416-16422 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T87 16538-16550 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T88 16538-16543 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T89 16544-16550 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T90 16604-16610 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T91 16662-16668 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T92 16739-16745 Body_part denotes septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037
T93 16847-16857 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353
T94 16963-16977 Body_part denotes alveolar walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004894
T95 17025-17034 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T96 17640-17652 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T97 17640-17645 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T98 17646-17652 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T99 17684-17697 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T100 17684-17689 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T101 17690-17697 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T102 17951-17961 Body_part denotes parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353
T103 18039-18043 Body_part denotes vein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638
T104 18188-18204 Body_part denotes bronchial mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000410
T105 18198-18204 Body_part denotes mucosa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344
T106 18456-18462 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T107 18608-18614 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T108 18696-18702 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T109 18956-18960 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T110 19140-19146 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T111 19175-19181 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T112 19265-19271 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T113 19592-19598 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T114 19741-19753 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T115 19741-19746 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T116 19747-19753 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T117 19896-19902 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T118 19943-19949 Body_part denotes Tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T119 20014-20018 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T120 20019-20025 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T121 20179-20185 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T122 20390-20395 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T123 20447-20453 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T124 20533-20540 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T125 20618-20624 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T126 20824-20830 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T127 20882-20888 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T128 21262-21267 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T129 21320-21325 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T130 21451-21465 Body_part denotes alveolar walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004894
T131 21490-21503 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T132 21490-21495 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T133 21496-21503 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T134 21657-21663 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T135 21858-21864 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T136 22181-22185 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T137 22186-22192 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T138 22269-22275 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T139 22314-22317 Body_part denotes eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000970
T140 22367-22380 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T141 22367-22372 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T142 22373-22380 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T143 22472-22476 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T144 23000-23004 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T145 23005-23011 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T146 23388-23394 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T147 23518-23524 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T148 24177-24191 Body_part denotes alveolar walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004894
T149 24461-24474 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T150 24461-24466 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T151 24467-24474 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T152 24574-24585 Body_part denotes vasculature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002049
T153 24640-24654 Body_part denotes alveolar walls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004894
T154 25193-25205 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T155 25193-25198 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T156 25199-25205 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T157 25267-25272 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T158 26011-26017 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T159 26073-26086 Body_part denotes alveolar wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004894
T160 26166-26172 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T161 26332-26338 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T162 26517-26523 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T163 26653-26657 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T164 26658-26664 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T165 26720-26733 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T166 26720-26725 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T167 26726-26733 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T168 26781-26793 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T169 26781-26786 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T170 26787-26793 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T171 26921-26930 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T172 27077-27089 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T173 27077-27082 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T174 27083-27089 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T175 27199-27208 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T176 27235-27244 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T177 27297-27306 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T178 27383-27395 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T179 27383-27388 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T180 27389-27395 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T181 27556-27562 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T182 27647-27659 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T183 27647-27652 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T184 27653-27659 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T185 27761-27773 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T186 27761-27766 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T187 27767-27773 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T188 27915-27927 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T189 27915-27920 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T190 27921-27927 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T191 28032-28041 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T192 28065-28077 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T193 28065-28070 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T194 28071-28077 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T195 28110-28119 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T196 28139-28148 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T197 28290-28302 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T198 28290-28295 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T199 28296-28302 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T200 28362-28368 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T201 28487-28499 Body_part denotes blood vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T202 28487-28492 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T203 28493-28499 Body_part denotes vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T204 28509-28514 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T205 28585-28590 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T206 28665-28669 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T207 28760-28766 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T208 29506-29519 Body_part denotes blood vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981
T209 29506-29511 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T210 29512-29519 Body_part denotes vessels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055
T211 29601-29605 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T212 30239-30245 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T213 30263-30269 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T214 30371-30377 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T215 30522-30528 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T216 30549-30553 Body_part denotes lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_3010752
T217 30559-30563 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T218 30949-30953 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T219 30985-30991 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T220 31876-31880 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T221 31998-32004 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T222 32057-32061 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T223 32118-32124 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T224 32744-32748 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T225 33472-33478 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T226 33699-33705 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T227 33811-33817 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T228 34390-34394 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T229 34436-34440 Body_part denotes tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025
T230 34535-34539 Body_part denotes tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025
T231 34660-34664 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T232 34665-34671 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T233 35053-35057 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T234 35058-35064 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T235 35144-35150 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T236 35921-35927 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T237 36023-36029 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T238 36172-36178 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T239 36358-36364 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T240 41143-41149 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T241 41355-41361 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T242 41392-41398 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T243 41545-41551 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T244 41759-41765 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T245 41777-41783 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T246 41838-41844 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T247 41884-41890 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T248 42200-42206 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T249 42310-42319 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T250 42460-42469 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T251 43190-43199 Body_part denotes capillary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001982
T252 43546-43551 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T253 43816-43820 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T254 43821-43827 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T255 46312-46316 Body_part denotes Lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T256 46317-46323 Body_part denotes Tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T257 46511-46517 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T258 47034-47039 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T259 47080-47102 Body_part denotes morphological features http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034768
T260 47357-47363 Body_part denotes Artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637
T261 47371-47382 Body_part denotes artery wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000415
T262 47371-47377 Body_part denotes artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637
T263 47417-47423 Body_part denotes septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037
T264 47696-47699 Body_part denotes eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000970
T265 47876-47881 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T266 47930-47935 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T267 47964-47970 Body_part denotes septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037
T268 48165-48187 Body_part denotes morphological features http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034768
T269 48245-48251 Body_part denotes Artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637
T270 48259-48270 Body_part denotes artery wall http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000415
T271 48259-48265 Body_part denotes artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637
T272 48305-48311 Body_part denotes septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037
T273 48510-48515 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T274 48964-48969 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T275 49048-49054 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T276 49185-49190 Body_part denotes shell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006612
T277 50315-50321 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T278 51265-51269 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T279 51270-51276 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T280 51766-51770 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T281 51815-51821 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T282 52065-52071 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T283 52398-52404 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T284 53075-53079 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T285 53080-53086 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T286 53387-53391 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T287 53392-53398 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T288 53439-53445 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T289 53617-53623 Body_part denotes septum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003037
T290 53676-53681 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T291 53805-53811 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T292 53960-53966 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T293 54001-54006 Body_part denotes Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 1446-1481 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T2 1452-1481 Disease denotes respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009971
T3 1483-1487 Disease denotes ARDS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T4 1493-1512 Disease denotes respiratory failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021113
T5 1595-1601 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T6 1618-1622 Disease denotes ARDS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T7 1937-1941 Disease denotes ARDS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T8 2155-2165 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T9 2226-2234 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T10 2240-2249 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T11 2344-2350 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T12 2409-2421 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T13 2475-2485 Disease denotes thrombosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000831
T14 2691-2705 Disease denotes H1N1 influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005460
T15 2696-2705 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T16 2735-2744 Disease denotes swine flu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005460
T17 2741-2744 Disease denotes flu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T18 2941-2955 Disease denotes H1N1 influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005460
T19 2946-2955 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T20 3157-3170 Disease denotes lung diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005275
T21 3204-3213 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T22 4112-4116 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T23 4123-4133 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T24 4888-4900 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T25 6456-6476 Disease denotes respiratory diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005087
T26 14249-14283 Disease denotes lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009537
T27 14274-14283 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T28 14512-14521 Disease denotes emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004849
T29 14615-14627 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T30 15252-15261 Disease denotes emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004849
T31 15726-15735 Disease denotes emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004849
T32 15860-15869 Disease denotes emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004849
T33 16122-16156 Disease denotes lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009537
T34 16147-16156 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T35 16286-16295 Disease denotes emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004849
T36 16374-16383 Disease denotes emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004849
T37 16874-16908 Disease denotes lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009537
T38 16899-16908 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T39 17293-17309 Disease denotes bronchopneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005682
T40 17458-17470 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T41 17967-18003 Disease denotes lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009537
T42 17992-18003 Disease denotes pneumonitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0043905
T43 18019-18027 Disease denotes thrombus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000831
T44 18144-18153 Disease denotes emphysema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004849
T45 18158-18169 Disease denotes anthracosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006654
T46 18242-18254 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T47 18271-18289 Disease denotes chronic bronchitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005607
T48 18279-18289 Disease denotes bronchitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003781
T49 18290-18303 Disease denotes bronchiolitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002465
T50 18722-18730 Disease denotes thrombus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000831
T51 22971-22983 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T52 23207-23219 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T53 28886-28898 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T54 32408-32420 Disease denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044
T55 32642-32661 Disease denotes respiratory failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021113
T56 32697-32716 Disease denotes respiratory failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021113
T57 32733-32738 Disease denotes tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005070
T58 32794-32804 Disease denotes carcinomas http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004993
T59 47398-47406 Disease denotes thrombus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000831
T60 47474-47485 Disease denotes anthracosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006654
T61 47863-47871 Disease denotes thrombus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000831
T62 48286-48294 Disease denotes thrombus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000831
T63 53519-53521 Disease denotes PB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019035

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 29-33 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T2 29-33 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T3 126-127 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T4 325-329 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T5 325-329 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T6 480-481 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T7 567-568 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T8 711-712 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T9 776-777 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T10 856-861 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T11 959-960 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T12 1116-1124 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T13 1517-1522 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes organ
T14 1590-1594 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes Lung
T15 1590-1594 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes Lung
T16 1663-1668 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes chest
T17 1871-1875 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T18 1871-1875 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T19 2250-2257 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T20 2442-2451 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T21 2706-2707 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T22 2708-2713 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T23 2771-2776 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lungs
T24 2778-2779 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T25 2804-2810 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessel
T26 2918-2923 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lungs
T27 2956-2957 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T28 3157-3161 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T29 3157-3161 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T30 3190-3195 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T31 3276-3281 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lungs
T32 3283-3297 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000881 denotes digitalization
T33 3396-3397 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T34 3580-3584 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T35 3580-3584 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T36 3817-3818 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T37 4054-4055 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T38 4295-4299 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 denotes gene
T39 4340-4343 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001755 denotes ask
T40 4393-4406 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T41 4393-4406 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T42 4455-4456 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T43 4662-4666 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T44 4662-4666 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T45 4809-4817 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T46 4915-4921 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T-cell
T47 5177-5178 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T48 5333-5337 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 denotes 2018
T49 5358-5362 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 denotes 2018
T50 5425-5431 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 denotes object
T51 6251-6255 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T52 6251-6255 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T53 6267-6270 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T54 6439-6445 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T55 6508-6513 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 denotes field
T56 6618-6619 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T57 6676-6680 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 denotes 2018
T58 7196-7197 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T59 7289-7304 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes instrumentation
T60 7412-7413 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T61 7494-7495 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T62 7654-7669 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes instrumentation
T63 7817-7820 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T64 7922-7923 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T65 7930-7935 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 denotes field
T66 7956-7957 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T67 7997-7998 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T68 8110-8115 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T69 8652-8661 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000876 denotes extremely
T70 8784-8795 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes instruments
T71 8982-8986 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 denotes 2018
T72 9240-9241 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T73 9255-9256 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T74 9352-9353 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T75 9423-9424 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T76 9484-9488 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T77 9484-9488 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T78 9518-9519 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T79 9591-9592 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T80 9622-9623 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T81 9828-9832 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T82 9828-9832 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T83 9887-9888 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T84 10396-10400 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T85 10396-10400 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T86 10929-10930 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T87 10976-10977 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T88 11090-11091 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T89 11372-11378 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051456 denotes a). (e
T90 11463-11464 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T91 11479-11480 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T92 11563-11564 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T93 11579-11580 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T94 12970-12971 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T95 14195-14204 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T96 14221-14231 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 denotes epithelial
T97 14314-14329 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002016 denotes pulmonary veins
T98 14340-14341 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T99 14420-14433 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T100 14420-14433 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T101 14459-14475 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes endothelial cell
T102 14678-14679 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T103 14686-14692 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 denotes artery
T104 14686-14692 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000814 denotes artery
T105 14705-14717 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 denotes erythrocytes
T106 14770-14777 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessels
T107 14919-14931 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T108 14919-14931 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T109 14992-15009 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 denotes connective tissue
T110 14992-15009 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000952 denotes connective tissue
T111 15039-15047 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3815 denotes collagen
T112 15067-15073 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 denotes muscle
T113 15067-15073 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005090 denotes muscle
T114 15067-15073 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000801 denotes muscle
T115 15067-15073 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0001949 denotes muscle
T116 15201-15214 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T117 15201-15214 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T118 15227-15228 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T119 15309-15322 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T120 15309-15322 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T121 15329-15334 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T122 15329-15334 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T123 15352-15359 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessels
T124 15506-15507 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T125 15515-15521 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessel
T126 15701-15702 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T127 15910-15911 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T128 15930-15931 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T129 15939-15951 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T130 15939-15951 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T131 15977-15978 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T132 15994-15995 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T133 15996-16008 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T134 15996-16008 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T135 16013-16014 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T136 16265-16266 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T137 16337-16338 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T138 16396-16397 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T139 16410-16422 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T140 16410-16422 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T141 16538-16550 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T142 16538-16550 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T143 16700-16701 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T144 16723-16728 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T145 16737-16738 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T146 16933-16942 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T147 17103-17113 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000066 denotes epithelial
T148 17114-17119 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T149 17284-17285 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T150 17491-17500 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T151 17612-17620 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T152 17638-17639 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T153 17640-17652 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T154 17640-17652 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T155 17684-17697 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T156 17684-17697 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T157 17789-17799 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cell types
T158 17816-17823 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T-cells
T159 17827-17839 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 denotes erythrocytes
T160 18008-18009 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T161 18031-18032 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T162 18039-18043 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001638 denotes vein
T163 18039-18043 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000816 denotes vein
T164 18049-18061 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005169 denotes interstitium
T165 18198-18204 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000344 denotes mucosa
T166 18290-18303 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002186 denotes bronchiolitis
T167 18720-18721 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T168 18937-18938 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T169 18956-18960 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T170 18956-18960 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T171 19694-19695 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T172 19733-19734 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T173 19741-19753 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T174 19741-19753 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T175 19775-19776 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T176 19896-19902 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessel
T177 20014-20018 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T178 20014-20018 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T179 20152-20153 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T180 20161-20162 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T181 20215-20216 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T182 20274-20275 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T183 20390-20395 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T184 20390-20395 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T185 20413-20414 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T186 20533-20540 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessels
T187 20616-20617 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T188 20618-20624 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessel
T189 21162-21164 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000453 denotes Lc
T190 21333-21334 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T191 21394-21395 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T192 21490-21503 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T193 21490-21503 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T194 22167-22169 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052906 denotes cl
T195 22181-22185 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T196 22181-22185 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T197 22314-22317 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000827 denotes eye
T198 22332-22333 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T199 22367-22380 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T200 22367-22380 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T201 22399-22408 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T202 22417-22418 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T203 22472-22476 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T204 22493-22494 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T205 22815-22817 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000453 denotes Lc
T206 23000-23004 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T207 23000-23004 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T208 23046-23049 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T209 23116-23117 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T210 23249-23258 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T211 23460-23462 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000453 denotes Lc
T212 23588-23590 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052906 denotes cl
T213 23731-23733 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000453 denotes Lc
T214 23751-23754 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052906 denotes c l
T215 24039-24047 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T216 24067-24068 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T217 24124-24125 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T218 24220-24228 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T219 24361-24370 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T220 24461-24474 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T221 24461-24474 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T222 24526-24527 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T223 24557-24566 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T224 24619-24627 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T225 24689-24690 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T226 24776-24777 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T227 24804-24805 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T228 24849-24857 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T229 24991-24992 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T230 25025-25026 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T231 25034-25035 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T232 25066-25067 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T233 25087-25093 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002755 denotes d). (f
T234 25185-25186 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T235 25193-25205 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T236 25193-25205 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T237 25257-25265 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T238 25320-25328 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T239 25394-25395 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T240 25456-25457 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T241 25568-25572 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T242 25647-25651 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T243 25667-25668 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T244 25681-25682 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T245 25714-25718 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T246 25739-25740 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T247 25772-25776 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T248 25792-25793 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T249 25833-25837 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T250 25881-25885 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 denotes 2018
T251 25915-25920 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T252 25977-25978 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T253 26100-26108 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T254 26207-26208 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T255 26244-26247 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051456 denotes a–e
T256 26254-26255 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T257 26369-26370 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T258 26418-26426 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T259 26480-26481 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T260 26561-26569 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T261 26630-26634 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T262 26653-26657 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T263 26653-26657 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T264 26720-26733 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T265 26720-26733 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T266 26769-26770 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T267 26781-26793 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T268 26781-26793 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T269 26912-26913 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T270 26932-26933 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T271 27059-27060 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T272 27077-27089 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T273 27077-27089 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T274 27269-27274 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T275 27326-27329 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T276 27330-27331 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T277 27383-27395 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T278 27383-27395 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T279 27556-27562 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessel
T280 27647-27659 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T281 27647-27659 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T282 27761-27773 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T283 27761-27773 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T284 27915-27927 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T285 27915-27927 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T286 27966-27967 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T287 28030-28031 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T288 28063-28064 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T289 28065-28077 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T290 28065-28077 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T291 28173-28185 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 denotes erythrocytes
T292 28188-28189 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T293 28261-28262 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T294 28290-28302 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T295 28290-28302 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T296 28362-28368 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000055 denotes vessel
T297 28487-28499 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessel
T298 28487-28499 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessel
T299 28665-28669 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T300 28665-28669 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T301 28717-28718 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T302 28861-28870 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T303 29003-29006 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T304 29007-29012 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes faced
T305 29077-29078 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T306 29121-29122 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T307 29380-29384 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T308 29506-29519 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001981 denotes blood vessels
T309 29506-29519 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000817 denotes blood vessels
T310 30557-30558 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T311 30559-30563 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T312 30559-30563 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T313 30615-30616 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T314 30836-30842 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225 denotes labels
T315 30857-30867 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cell types
T316 30949-30953 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T317 30949-30953 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T318 31028-31033 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225 denotes label
T319 31876-31880 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T320 31876-31880 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T321 32057-32061 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T322 32057-32061 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T323 32116-32117 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T324 32744-32748 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T325 32744-32748 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T326 32822-32823 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T327 33211-33215 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002983 denotes F 5
T328 33274-33278 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007437 denotes M 1
T329 33306-33310 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007437 denotes M 1
T330 33386-33390 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007437 denotes M 1
T331 33570-33571 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T332 34019-34022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050154 denotes a 8
T333 34029-34030 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T334 34118-34119 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T335 34191-34192 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T336 34263-34264 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T337 34320-34321 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T338 34390-34394 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T339 34390-34394 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T340 34436-34440 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025 denotes tube
T341 34477-34478 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T342 34523-34524 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T343 34535-34539 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025 denotes tube
T344 34660-34664 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T345 34660-34664 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T346 34900-34905 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007839 denotes m P10
T347 34920-34921 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T348 35053-35057 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T349 35053-35057 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T350 35119-35120 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T351 35238-35239 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T352 35301-35302 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T353 35328-35329 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T354 35452-35453 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T355 35463-35471 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focusing
T356 35491-35492 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T357 35511-35513 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007074 denotes KB
T358 35511-35513 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051988 denotes KB
T359 35567-35568 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T360 35594-35595 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T361 35802-35803 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T362 35969-35970 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T363 36057-36058 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T364 36083-36084 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T365 36289-36290 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T366 37127-37128 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T367 37175-37179 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001550 denotes a 10
T368 37203-37212 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 denotes objective
T369 37218-37219 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T370 37430-37432 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000 denotes 35
T371 37433-37435 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007874 denotes ms
T372 37451-37452 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T373 37625-37633 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focusing
T374 37642-37644 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007074 denotes KB
T375 37642-37644 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051988 denotes KB
T376 37964-37975 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes was focused
T377 37983-37985 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007074 denotes KB
T378 37983-37985 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051988 denotes KB
T379 38094-38095 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T380 38220-38221 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T381 38293-38295 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007074 denotes KB
T382 38293-38295 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051988 denotes KB
T383 38536-38541 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T384 38659-38660 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T385 38736-38737 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T386 38859-38864 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T387 38877-38878 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T388 38904-38906 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T389 39023-39024 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T390 40101-40104 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051145 denotes Ram
T391 41123-41128 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 2 × 2
T392 41375-41398 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002384 denotes connected to the tissue
T393 41375-41398 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000952 denotes connected to the tissue
T394 41903-41904 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T395 42051-42052 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T396 42078-42080 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000453 denotes Lc
T397 42112-42113 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T398 42296-42305 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T399 42442-42451 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T400 42489-42499 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cell types
T401 42611-42615 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T402 43011-43012 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T403 43075-43076 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T404 43235-43236 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T405 43487-43504 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000115 denotes endothelial cells
T406 43546-43551 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T407 43546-43551 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T408 43628-43629 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T409 43816-43820 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T410 43816-43820 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T411 43828-43830 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052906 denotes cl
T412 44014-44020 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001914 denotes to Tim
T413 44177-44180 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001914 denotes Tim
T414 44282-44288 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001914 denotes to Tim
T415 44613-44628 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes instrumentation
T416 45818-45823 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes Human
T417 46253-46254 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T418 46312-46316 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes Lung
T419 46312-46316 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes Lung
T420 46625-46626 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T421 47240-47241 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T422 47357-47363 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 denotes Artery
T423 47357-47363 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000814 denotes Artery
T424 47371-47377 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 denotes artery
T425 47371-47377 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000814 denotes artery
T426 47384-47396 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 denotes erythrocytes
T427 47445-47453 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T428 47570-47578 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T429 47658-47670 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 denotes Erythrocytes
T430 47696-47699 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000827 denotes eye
T431 47827-47828 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T432 47876-47881 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T433 47876-47881 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T434 47900-47901 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T435 47930-47935 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T436 47930-47935 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T437 48245-48251 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 denotes Artery
T438 48245-48251 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000814 denotes Artery
T439 48259-48265 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 denotes artery
T440 48259-48265 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000814 denotes artery
T441 48272-48284 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 denotes erythrocytes
T442 48333-48341 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T443 48792-48804 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 denotes erythrocytes
T444 49344-49345 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T445 50064-50065 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T446 50128-50129 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T447 50210-50211 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T448 50579-50580 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T449 51265-51269 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T450 51265-51269 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T451 51280-51281 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T452 51652-51653 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T453 51699-51700 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T454 51766-51770 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T455 51766-51770 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T456 52057-52064 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225 denotes labeled
T457 52765-52766 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T458 52941-52942 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T459 53075-53079 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T460 53075-53079 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T461 53222-53226 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 denotes 2018
T462 53387-53391 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T463 53387-53391 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T464 53412-53413 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T465 53478-53479 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T466 53607-53608 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T467 53655-53667 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000232 denotes erythrocytes
T468 53689-53690 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T469 53754-53755 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T470 53832-53833 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T471 53853-53854 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T472 53978-53979 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 52099-52101 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T2 52249-52251 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T3 52424-52426 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T4 53519-53521 Chemical denotes PB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53319|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60686

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 625-642 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048771 denotes tissue remodeling
T2 829-841 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T3 1125-1134 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes formation
T4 2409-2421 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T5 2811-2817 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007 denotes growth
T6 2820-2848 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002041 denotes intussusceptive angiogenesis
T7 2836-2848 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001525 denotes angiogenesis
T8 4295-4310 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010467 denotes gene expression
T9 4538-4566 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002041 denotes intussusceptive angiogenesis
T10 4554-4566 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001525 denotes angiogenesis
T11 4818-4827 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes formation
T12 4888-4900 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T13 14174-14183 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes formation
T14 14615-14627 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T15 17458-17470 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T16 18108-18118 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036074 denotes metaplasia
T17 18242-18254 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T18 18816-18828 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T19 20291-20303 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T20 20831-20843 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T21 22971-22983 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T22 23207-23219 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T23 23228-23237 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes formation
T24 24229-24238 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes formation
T25 25329-25338 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes formation
T26 25573-25585 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T27 26704-26716 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T28 26832-26844 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T29 27363-27375 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T30 27702-27714 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T31 27741-27753 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T32 27869-27882 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentations
T33 27895-27907 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes Segmentation
T34 28270-28282 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T35 28437-28449 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes Segmentation
T36 28886-28898 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T37 31183-31195 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T38 31289-31317 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002041 denotes intussusceptive angiogenesis
T39 31305-31317 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001525 denotes angiogenesis
T40 31513-31525 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T41 31554-31562 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007612 denotes learning
T42 34738-34745 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235 denotes storage
T43 38379-38386 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235 denotes storage
T44 39114-39126 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T45 40947-40959 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T46 41209-41221 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T47 41669-41681 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T48 42362-42374 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T49 42821-42833 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T50 43033-43045 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T51 43686-43698 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T52 44664-44676 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation
T53 47644-47656 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035282 denotes segmentation

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-104 Sentence denotes 3D virtual pathohistology of lung tissue from Covid-19 patients based on phase contrast X-ray tomography
T2 106-114 Sentence denotes Abstract
T3 115-377 Sentence denotes We present a three-dimensional (3D) approach for virtual histology and histopathology based on multi-scale phase contrast x-ray tomography, and use this to investigate the parenchymal architecture of unstained lung tissue from patients who succumbed to Covid-19.
T4 378-643 Sentence denotes Based on this first proof-of-concept study, we propose multi-scale phase contrast x-ray tomography as a tool to unravel the pathophysiology of Covid-19, extending conventional histology by a third dimension and allowing for full quantification of tissue remodeling.
T5 644-862 Sentence denotes By combining parallel and cone beam geometry, autopsy samples with a maximum cross section of 8 mm are scanned and reconstructed at a resolution and image quality, which allows for the segmentation of individual cells.
T6 863-990 Sentence denotes Using the zoom capability of the cone beam geometry, regions-of-interest are reconstructed with a minimum voxel size of 167 nm.
T7 991-1327 Sentence denotes We exemplify the capability of this approach by 3D visualization of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) with its prominent hyaline membrane formation, by mapping the 3D distribution and density of lymphocytes infiltrating the tissue, and by providing histograms of characteristic distances from tissue interior to the closest air compartment.
T8 1329-1341 Sentence denotes Introduction
T9 1342-1589 Sentence denotes Severe progression of the 2019 coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is frequently accompanied by the clinical acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and respiratory failure, an organ manifestation responsible for the majority of Covid-19 fatalities.
T10 1590-1843 Sentence denotes Lung injury associated with ARDS can be readily detected by radiographic chest imaging and clinical computed tomography (CT), which have assisted the diagnosis and management of Covid-19 patients (Lee et al., 2020; Shi et al., 2020; Chung et al., 2020).
T11 1844-2111 Sentence denotes Here, so-called peripheral lung ground-glass opacities are the main radiological hallmark of ARDS, and can be linked to the histological observation of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) with edema, hemorrhage, and intraalveolar fibrin deposition (Ackermann et al., 2020).
T12 2112-2258 Sentence denotes These findings have also been reported for infections by Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), SARS-CoV, and influenza viruses.
T13 2259-2507 Sentence denotes Distinctive features of pulmonary involvement of Covid-19 include severe endothelial injury associated with the presence of intracellular virions and inflammation, disrupted cellular membranes, as well as widespread thrombosis with microangiopathy.
T14 2508-2745 Sentence denotes As reported in Ackermann et al., 2020, alveolar capillary microthrombi were found to be nine times as prevalent in patients with Covid-19 as in patients with the also very aggressive H1N1 influenza A virus, also referred to as swine flu.
T15 2746-2958 Sentence denotes Importantly, in Covid-19 lungs, a specific variant of new vessel growth - intussusceptive angiogenesis - was significantly more prevalent, that is, 2.7 times as high as in lungs of patients with H1N1 influenza A.
T16 2959-3214 Sentence denotes Histomorphological assessment of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue stained with haematoxylin and eosin still represents the gold standard in histological diagnostics of non-neoplastic lung diseases, including DAD and virus induced pneumonia.
T17 3215-3490 Sentence denotes In order to unravel the corresponding pathophysiology of the lungs, digitalization, visualization and quantification of the morphological changes associated with Covid-19 represent a key challenge, and require both high resolution and the capability to screen larger volumes.
T18 3491-3709 Sentence denotes For this reason, imaging the intricate three-dimensional (3D) tissue architecture of the lung and its pathological alterations on multiple length scales calls for 3D extensions of well-established histology techniques.
T19 3710-3914 Sentence denotes In this work, we want to demonstrate the potential of propagation-based phase contrast x-ray tomography as a tool for virtual 3D histology in general, and in particular for the histopathology of Covid-19.
T20 3915-4134 Sentence denotes Our work is based on the assertion that integration of 3D morphological information with well-established histology techniques can provide a substantial asset for unraveling the pathophysiology of SARS-Cov-2 infections.
T21 4135-4336 Sentence denotes To this end, we have collected x-ray tomography data from the same autopsies, which were previously studied by immunohistochemical analysis and measurements of gene expression (Ackermann et al., 2020).
T22 4337-4446 Sentence denotes We ask in particular, whether DAD and the morphology of blood vessels can be visualized and quantified in 3D.
T23 4447-4602 Sentence denotes This is a timely scientific question in Covid-19 research, especially in view of increased intussusceptive angiogenesis reported in Ackermann et al., 2020.
T24 4603-4719 Sentence denotes Here we present first results obtained from the postmortem lung samples of six patients who succumbed from Covid-19.
T25 4720-5049 Sentence denotes We exemplify the capability of this approach by 3D visualization of the DAD with hyaline membrane formation, by mapping the 3D distribution and density of angiocentric inflammation (perivascular T-cell infiltration), and by providing histograms of characteristic distances from the tissue interior to the closest air compartment.
T26 5050-5389 Sentence denotes In contrast to conventional histology based on thin sections, propagation-based x-ray phase-contrast tomography (PC-CT) offers a full 3D visualization with isotropic resolution and without destructive slicing of the specimen (Ding et al., 2019; Dejea et al., 2019; Saccomano et al., 2018; Töpperwien et al., 2018; Khimchenko et al., 2016).
T27 5390-5520 Sentence denotes The interaction of x-rays with the object is described by the continuous complex-valued index of refraction n⁢(𝐫)=1-δ⁢(𝐫)+i⁢β⁢(𝐫).
T28 5521-5843 Sentence denotes Phase contrast capitalizes on the fact that for hard x-rays, the real-valued decrement δ is several orders of magnitude higher in soft biological tissues than β, which accounts for absorption (Nugent, 2010) and that small contrast levels can be reconstructed by propagation imaging even at low fluence (Jahn et al., 2017).
T29 5844-6084 Sentence denotes Contrast is formed by transformation of the phase shifts into measurable intensity variations by self-interference of the exit wave during free-space propagation between sample and detector (Paganin and Nugent, 1998; Cloetens et al., 1999).
T30 6085-6246 Sentence denotes However, problems with phase retrieval, phase wrapping, insufficient coherence, or on the contrary strong phase gradients can render its application challenging.
T31 6247-6477 Sentence denotes For lung imaging it has already been demonstrated as an advantageous imaging technique up to macroscopic scales (Parsons et al., 2008; Stahr et al., 2016; Morgan et al., 2020), including live animal models of respiratory diseases.
T32 6478-6682 Sentence denotes But in contrast to other full-field phase contrast techniques, e.g. based on grating interferometry or analyzer crystals, it can also reach a resolution below optical microscopy (Khimchenko et al., 2018).
T33 6683-6955 Sentence denotes In this work we exploit both the high resolution capability of PC-CT and the fact that its phase sensitivity is high enough to probe the small electron density variations of unstained tissue, embedded in paraffin, ethanol, or even aqueous buffer (Töpperwien et al., 2019).
T34 6956-7099 Sentence denotes However, this requires careful optimization of photon energy, illumination function, and phase retrieval algorithms, as detailed further below.
T35 7100-7305 Sentence denotes The 3D virtual pathohistology approach for Covid-19 presented here was realized by implementing a novel multi-scale phase contrast x-ray tomography concept, with dedicated x-ray optics and instrumentation.
T36 7306-7541 Sentence denotes Overview and regions-of-interest (ROI) scans were recorded on the same paraffin-embedded sample, covering a maximum tissue cross section of 8 mm by stitching different tomograms, and with a minimum voxel size of 167 nm in certain ROIs.
T37 7542-7760 Sentence denotes Scale-bridging and dynamic ROI selection in close spatial and temporal proximity was implemented with dedicated instrumentation the GINIX endstation of the beamline P10/PETRA III (DESY, Hamburg) (Salditt et al., 2015).
T38 7761-7979 Sentence denotes Specifically, we combined two optical geometries, which has only been realized at different synchrotron beamlines before: (i) Parallel beam tomography, covering a large field of view (FOV), with a pixel size of 650 nm.
T39 7980-8332 Sentence denotes In this setting, a volumetric throughput on the order of 107μm/3s was achieved, while maintaining the ability to segment isolated cells in unstained tissue. (ii) Cone beam geometry for recording of highly magnified holograms, based on advanced x-ray waveguide optics, providing mode filtering, that is, enhanced spatial coherence and smooth wavefronts.
T40 8333-8440 Sentence denotes Based on the geometrical magnification, the effective pixel size can be adjusted in the range 10 nm–300 nm.
T41 8441-8522 Sentence denotes The two imaging schemes are shown schematically in Figure 1c and d, respectively.
T42 8523-8796 Sentence denotes Further, using this particular optics, together with appropriate choices of photon energy and geometric parameters, we can reach extremely small Fresnel numbers F of the deeply holographic regime, well below the typical range exploited at other nano-tomography instruments.
T43 8797-8988 Sentence denotes This offers the advantage of highest phase sensitivity sufficient to even probe the small electron density variations of unstained tissue, at relatively low dose (Hagemann and Salditt, 2018).
T44 8989-9191 Sentence denotes To exploit this sensitivity, we use advanced phase retrieval methods including non-linear generalizations of the CTF-method (Cloetens et al., 1999) based on Tikhonov regularization (Lohse et al., 2020).
T45 9192-9201 Sentence denotes Figure 1.
T46 9203-9238 Sentence denotes Multi-scale x-ray tomography setup.
T47 9239-9419 Sentence denotes (a) HE stain of a tissue micro-array paraffin block with samples of all six patients who succumbed to Covid-19. (b) Schematic representation of the sample preparation and mounting.
T48 9420-9777 Sentence denotes In a first step biopsy punches containing the entire individual lung tissues are transferred onto a holder for the parallel-beam local tomography acquisition, followed by a further reduction in size to a 1 mm biopsy punch, for cone-beam tomographic recordings. (c) Configuration for parallel-beam tomography. (d) Configuration for cone-beam holo-tomography.
T49 9779-9786 Sentence denotes Results
T50 9787-9886 Sentence denotes In total, we investigated six postmortem lung samples from Covid-19 patients (Menter et al., 2020).
T51 9887-10009 Sentence denotes A tissue micro-array paraffin block with samples of all six patients and the corresponding HE stain is shown in Figure 1a.
T52 10010-10151 Sentence denotes Information about age, gender, hospitalization, clinical, radiological and histological characteristics of all patients are shown in Table 2.
T53 10152-10340 Sentence denotes Before presenting the results for the six Covid-19 patients for each of the imaging levels (scales), we give an overview on the typical datasets for one exemplary sample (I), see Figure 2.
T54 10341-10552 Sentence denotes The typical FOVs, image quality, and appearance of the lung structure as well as the amount of data can be inferred, and inspected in the reconstructions provided online (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3892637).
T55 10553-10608 Sentence denotes The datasets are denoted by patient I-VI, respectively.
T56 10609-10865 Sentence denotes Gray values of the tomographic reconstruction represent phase shift per voxel with edge length v⁢x, the local electron density difference to the average paraffin can be computed by(1) Δρe(r)=φvx(r)vx⋅λ⋅r0,with wavelength λ and r0 classical electron radius.
T57 10866-10875 Sentence denotes Figure 2.
T58 10877-10974 Sentence denotes Overview of reconstruction volumes, exemplified for a punch biopsy of pulmonary autopsy sample I.
T59 10975-11449 Sentence denotes (a) Virtual section through the stitched reconstruction volume with indicated position for the 1 mm biopsy punch. (b) Virtual section through the reconstruction of the 1 mm biopsy punch volume with indicated position for the cone-beam dataset. (c) Virtual section through the cone beam dataset. (d) Image of an HE-stained histological section, which is in close proximity to the virtual slice in (a). (e) 3D views of the biopsy punch. (f) 3D views of the cone-beam datasets.
T60 11450-11552 Sentence denotes Scale bars: (a) 500⁢μ⁢m and (b,c) 100⁢μ⁢m. The entire reconstruction volume is visualized in Video 1. 
T61 11553-11561 Sentence denotes Video 1.
T62 11563-11631 Sentence denotes A video showing a fly-through the reconstruction volume of sample I.
T63 11632-11721 Sentence denotes First the parallel beam data set is shown, followed by the cone beam zoom reconstruction.
T64 11723-11753 Sentence denotes Reconstructed electron density
T65 11754-11870 Sentence denotes Next, we present representative slices through the reconstruction volumes of all samples for all acquisition scales.
T66 11871-11985 Sentence denotes Figure 3 presents the stitched reconstruction volumes, recorded under conditions of local tomography, see Table 3.
T67 11986-12357 Sentence denotes Conventional HE-stained histology images of all samples are shown in Appendix 1—figure 1. Since these volumes are computed from stitching up to 20 individual tomograms, the question arises to which extend the image quality is limited by potential artifacts of local tomography, that is, errors due to the fact that part of the sample is outside the reconstruction volume.
T68 12358-12547 Sentence denotes For this reason, 1 mm punches were taken after the stitched overview and rescanned in the parallel beam configuration, without local tomography conditions, since they fitted within the FOV.
T69 12548-12631 Sentence denotes The results are presented in Figure 4, and validate the previous stitching results.
T70 12632-12746 Sentence denotes The 1 mm punches then also provided an appropriate size for the cone-beam recordings, which are shown in Figure 5.
T71 12747-12869 Sentence denotes Importantly, in each scan the previous level guided the choice for the next FOV and informed about the larger environment.
T72 12870-12969 Sentence denotes In the following, we briefly discuss the samples one-by-one, with regard to all acquisition scales.
T73 12970-13079 Sentence denotes A comparison of morphological features between conventional and virtual histology is shown in the Appendix 1.
T74 13080-13089 Sentence denotes Figure 3.
T75 13091-13164 Sentence denotes Stitched parallel-beam reconstructions for full pulmonary samples (I–VI).
T76 13165-13270 Sentence denotes Representative virtual sections through the reconstruction volumes of full biopsies (I–VI), respectively.
T77 13271-13282 Sentence denotes Scale bars:
T78 13283-13291 Sentence denotes 500⁢μ⁢m.
T79 13292-13301 Sentence denotes Figure 4.
T80 13303-13364 Sentence denotes Parallel-beam reconstructions for 1 mm biopsy punches (I–VI).
T81 13365-13511 Sentence denotes Representative virtual sections through the reconstruction volumes of the 1 mm punches into the volumes of the full biopsies (I–VI), respectively.
T82 13512-13646 Sentence denotes The fact that the punches are isolated results in higher image quality, since the errors associated with local tomography are avoided.
T83 13647-13658 Sentence denotes Scale bars:
T84 13659-13667 Sentence denotes 100⁢μ⁢m.
T85 13668-13677 Sentence denotes Figure 5.
T86 13679-13824 Sentence denotes Cone-beam reconstructions for biopsy punches (I–VI), shown for approximately the same slices as in Figure 4 for the parallel beam reconstruction.
T87 13825-14024 Sentence denotes Virtual sections through the reconstruction volumes of the cone-beam recordings corresponding to sections in Figure 4, obtained by the parallel beam configuration, for biopsies (I–VI) , respectively.
T88 14025-14036 Sentence denotes Scale bars:
T89 14037-14045 Sentence denotes 100⁢μ⁢m.
T90 14047-14055 Sentence denotes Sample I
T91 14056-14330 Sentence denotes By conventional histopathological assessment, the peribronchial alveolar parenchyma of sample I showed DAD with focal formation of hyaline membranes adjacent to the epithelial lining, moderate lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia and singular thrombi in small pulmonary veins.
T92 14331-14552 Sentence denotes There is a moderate hypertrophy of the muscular media in smaller pre- and post-capillary blood vessels with desquamation of the endothelial cell layer as well as mild centrilobular emphysema (original magnification 100×).
T93 14553-14642 Sentence denotes In PC-CT, enlarged alveolar septa with pronounced lymphocytic inflammation are displayed.
T94 14643-14778 Sentence denotes The reconstruction volume contains a large artery filled with erythrocytes (Figure 3-I, lower left), which bifurcates into two vessels.
T95 14779-14844 Sentence denotes This area was then selected for the 1 mm biopsy punch extraction.
T96 14845-14932 Sentence denotes The cone-beam zoom tomogram was then centered around the perimeter of the blood vessel.
T97 14933-15074 Sentence denotes This volume is particularly well suited to investigate the connective tissue including elastic fibers and collagen, as well as smooth muscle.
T98 15076-15085 Sentence denotes Sample II
T99 15086-15292 Sentence denotes Histomorphological analysis shows peribronchial alveolar parenchyma with hyperemia of capillary and post-capillary blood vessels, as well as a moderate centrilobular emphysema (original magnification 100×).
T100 15293-15376 Sentence denotes On the level of blood vessels, both blood-filled and empty vessels are discernible.
T101 15377-15454 Sentence denotes It should be noted that septa with signs of parallel capillaries are visible.
T102 15455-15565 Sentence denotes In the reconstruction volume of the zoom tomogram, a single vessel can be easily tracked over large distances.
T103 15567-15577 Sentence denotes Sample III
T104 15578-15766 Sentence denotes The sample consists of peribronchial alveolar parenchyma showing prominent multifocal neutrophilic capillaritis as well as a moderate centrilobular emphysema (original magnification 100×).
T105 15767-15870 Sentence denotes In PC-CT, septa with again similar physiological size and distribution emerge, with moderate emphysema.
T106 15871-15952 Sentence denotes The bottom part of the sample contains a fibrous area near a larger blood vessel.
T107 15953-16030 Sentence denotes The zoom tomogram shows a single septum, a blood vessel and a fibrous region.
T108 16032-16041 Sentence denotes Sample IV
T109 16042-16242 Sentence denotes Histomorphological analysis shows peribronchial alveolar parenchyma with marked lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, multifocal venous thrombi and focal intraalveolar fibrin deposition in terms of DAD.
T110 16243-16326 Sentence denotes Furthermore, there is a mild centrilobular emphysema (original magnification 100×).
T111 16327-16431 Sentence denotes In PC-CT, a network of thin septa, thrombi and emphysema, as well as a large empty blood vessel appears.
T112 16432-16486 Sentence denotes Electron-rich diffuse black granules are also visible.
T113 16487-16571 Sentence denotes The biopsy punch was selected to contain the empty blood vessel, some small thrombi.
T114 16572-16635 Sentence denotes It also includes thin septa and tissue embedded dirt-particles.
T115 16636-16751 Sentence denotes The zoom tomogram covered tissue with black granules as well as a band of inflammatory cells next to a septum wall.
T116 16753-16761 Sentence denotes Sample V
T117 16762-17066 Sentence denotes By conventional histological assessment, Sample V consists of peribronchial alveolar parenchyma showing massive lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia with ubiquitous hyaline membranes superimposed on the alveolar walls, neutrophilic capillaritis and multifocal post-capillary thrombi in terms of severe DAD.
T118 17067-17202 Sentence denotes Furthermore, bronchialized alveolar epithelial cells show cytopathic changes and multifocal desquamation, as does alveolar macrophages.
T119 17203-17356 Sentence denotes Focally, accumulation of intraalveolar neutrophilic granulocytes in the sense of a florid bronchopneumonia can be observed (original magnification 100×).
T120 17357-17531 Sentence denotes PC-CT data give rise to alterations of the overall morphology due to Covid-19, including substantial inflammation, pronounced hyaline membranes, and high load of lymphocytes.
T121 17532-17637 Sentence denotes The biopsy punch was chosen to include areas with increased presence of hyaline membrane and lymphocytes.
T122 17638-17766 Sentence denotes A blood vessel splitting into several smaller blood vessels is easily recognized when browsing through the reconstructed volume.
T123 17767-17882 Sentence denotes Noteworthy, different cell types as macrophages, T-cells or erythrocytes can be distinguished in the zoom tomogram.
T124 17884-17893 Sentence denotes Sample VI
T125 17894-18044 Sentence denotes Histomorphological analysis shows peribronchial alveolar parenchyma with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis and a singular thrombus in a small vein.
T126 18045-18119 Sentence denotes The interstitium of the alveolar septae is widened by myogenic metaplasia.
T127 18120-18183 Sentence denotes Adjacent, centrilobular emphysema and anthracosis are observed.
T128 18184-18334 Sentence denotes The bronchial mucosa shows varying degrees of lymphocytic inflammation in the sense of chronic bronchitis/bronchiolitis (original magnification 100×).
T129 18335-18489 Sentence denotes From PC-CT reconstructions, the sample consists of thin alveoli (Figure 3VI, upper left) evolving into compact, fibrotic tissue (Figure 3VI, lower right).
T130 18490-18545 Sentence denotes The amount of lymphocytes is rather low in this sample.
T131 18546-18621 Sentence denotes Black granules and some thrombi are embedded within the bulky tissue parts.
T132 18622-18784 Sentence denotes The biopsy punch covers the region of transition from alveoli to fibrotic tissue, containing also a thrombus and capillaries as identified from the zoom tomogram.
T133 18786-18848 Sentence denotes Visualization of pathologies, segmentation, and quantification
T134 18849-19014 Sentence denotes The overview scans of all paraffin embedded Covid-19 positive samples and one biopsy of a hydrated control lung were analyzed in terms of structural characteristics.
T135 19015-19126 Sentence denotes The top row of Figure 6 shows the workflow of the analysis on the example of the 3D reconstruction of sample V.
T136 19127-19240 Sentence denotes Based on the tissue mask the distances for each tissue voxel to the next voxel containing oxygen were determined.
T137 19241-19408 Sentence denotes For the analysis of the tissue it is mandatory to consider the three-dimensionality of the samples, similar to the analysis of porous structures (Müller et al., 2002).
T138 19409-19639 Sentence denotes More generally, we claim that 3D histology analysis based on x-ray tomography and light sheet microscopy (Power and Huisken, 2017) is required to quantitatively understand functional tissue properties based on its 3D architecture.
T139 19640-19788 Sentence denotes Here, this can also be seen in Figure 6d, which shows a zoom of the distance analysis around a small blood vessel which is marked with a yellow box.
T140 19789-19931 Sentence denotes While the wall thickness appears quite homogeneous in the 2d slice, the distance analysis reveals that the vessel is thicker on the top right.
T141 19932-19941 Sentence denotes Figure 6.
T142 19943-19983 Sentence denotes Tissue compactness and distance metrics:
T143 19984-20096 Sentence denotes The 3D reconstructions of the lung tissue were analyzed in terms of specific surface and characteristic lengths.
T144 20097-20157 Sentence denotes The workflow is sketched for sample V in the top part (a–g).
T145 20158-20214 Sentence denotes In a first step, the tissue was segmented using Ilastik.
T146 20215-20277 Sentence denotes A slice of the reconstructed electron density is shown in (a).
T147 20278-20514 Sentence denotes Based on the segmentation, the areas of air which are directly connected and potentially filled with oxygen (or blood) are masked out (b). (c) For each of the remaining tissue voxels the shortest possible distance to air was calculated.
T148 20515-20625 Sentence denotes Especially around vessels and larger alveoli, the distances are larger. (d) Zoom into an area around a vessel.
T149 20626-20944 Sentence denotes Further analysis is based on the distance distribution shown in (e). (f) Volume rendering of the reconstructed electron density, with (g) showing the corresponding 3D distance map. (h) Based on the tissue segmentation of all samples, the distance from the tissue interior to the closest air compartment was calculated.
T150 20945-21058 Sentence denotes In order to compare all samples, the count of voxels was normalized by the total volume of the respective sample.
T151 21059-21242 Sentence denotes The specific surface area SV (represented by the first value of each curve), the characteristic length Lc and the mean distance dO2¯ for each sample was calculated based on this data.
T152 21243-21312 Sentence denotes Double logarithmic scale, bin width of the distribution of distances:
T153 21313-21319 Sentence denotes 1 v⁢x.
T154 21320-21346 Sentence denotes Scale bars: (a–c) 100⁢μ⁢m.
T155 21347-21430 Sentence denotes The distribution of the distances obtained for a given slice is shown in Figure 6e.
T156 21431-21616 Sentence denotes The swelling of the alveolar walls as well as the inflamed blood vessels can be identified by comparing the reconstructed electron density and the 3D-distance map (see Figure 6f and g).
T157 21617-21755 Sentence denotes Figure 6h shows the distribution of the tissue-air distances (histogram) for all samples, following the workflow illustrated in Figure 6e.
T158 21756-21809 Sentence denotes The binning of distances was set to one voxel length.
T159 21810-21923 Sentence denotes The figure underlines the high diversity of the tissue structure which could already be seen in the 3D histology.
T160 21924-22031 Sentence denotes Further, it directly informs about the specific surface SV, which is given by the first point of the graph.
T161 22032-22114 Sentence denotes The corresponding parameters and metrics are tabulated in Table 1 for all samples.
T162 22115-22219 Sentence denotes Additionally, the mean concentration of lymphocytes cl within the lung tissue is listed for all samples.
T163 22220-22318 Sentence denotes The values quantify the general structure of the tissue which is qualitatively discernible by eye.
T164 22319-22448 Sentence denotes Samples with a high amount of swollen, inflamed blood vessels and thick hyaline membranes exhibit a larger characteristic length.
T165 22449-22586 Sentence denotes Note, that the control lung was prepared in a hydrated environment and shrinking due to further preparation of the sample does not occur.
T166 22587-22667 Sentence denotes Hence, the results cannot be directly compared to the paraffin embedded samples.
T167 22668-22796 Sentence denotes Further, the analysis of the lymphocyte concentration was performed since no lymphocytes were found in the reconstructed volume.
T168 22797-22910 Sentence denotes The low values of Lc and dO2¯ for sample II correlate with the lack of ground-glass opacification in clinical CT.
T169 22911-23029 Sentence denotes Based on the extracted structural parameters, the degree of inflammation and swelling of lung tissue can be evaluated.
T170 23030-23150 Sentence denotes E.g. patient II has the highest surface area volume-ratios while sample I and VI have a relatively low specific surface.
T171 23151-23350 Sentence denotes Larger characteristic lengths may also be indicative of inflammation and the formation of hyaline membranes, which will be evaluated in the following based on ROI and high-resolution reconstructions.
T172 23351-23359 Sentence denotes Table 1.
T173 23361-23709 Sentence denotes Results of the analysis of tissue characteristics: specific surface area SV, characteristic length Lc and mean distance dO2¯ and standard deviation from all tissue voxels to air as well as the mean concentration of lymphocytes cl for all six Covid-19 positive samples as well as for one control sample. Colors match the distance graphs in Figure 6.
T174 23710-23721 Sentence denotes Patient no.
T175 23723-23779 Sentence denotes SV (%) Lc (μm) dO2¯ (μm) c l   ( 10 5 / m m 3 )
T176 23780-23808 Sentence denotes I 13.87 9.4 5.9±5.3 16.0
T177 23809-23838 Sentence denotes II 46.56 2.8 2.1±1.0 14.1
T178 23839-23868 Sentence denotes III 33.75 3.9 2.5±1.5 4.4
T179 23869-23897 Sentence denotes IV 25.90 5.0 3.2±2.3 7.1
T180 23898-23925 Sentence denotes V 19.28 6.7 3.6±2.1 4.8
T181 23926-23954 Sentence denotes VI 11.87 11.0 9.1±10 6.1
T182 23955-24084 Sentence denotes CTRL (hyd.) 20.04 6.5 5.0±5.1 - Figure 7 illustrates the aggregation of hyaline membrane in the vicinity of a single alveole.
T183 24085-24192 Sentence denotes Volumetric renderings in Figure 7a and b demonstrate particular attachment of fibrin to the alveolar walls.
T184 24193-24338 Sentence denotes In cases of severe hyaline membrane formation as for this patient, this pathological alteration can be tracked throughout the volume Figure 7c–e.
T185 24339-24409 Sentence denotes In Figure 7f, hyaline membranes of neighboring alveoles are indicated.
T186 24410-24586 Sentence denotes In the 3D-context, their locations with respect to blood vessels can be inspected, see Figure 7g, which exemplifies a direct connection of hyaline membranes to the vasculature.
T187 24587-24596 Sentence denotes Figure 7.
T188 24598-24703 Sentence denotes Rendering of hyaline membrane attached to alveolar walls (patient V, parallel beam-scan of a 1 mm punch).
T189 24704-24986 Sentence denotes The rendered subvolume was restricted to 1.15×1.10×0.56 mm3, to contain a single alveole foremost. (a) Volume rendering of the segmented hyaline membrane in same spatial orientation as (c)-(e), which show virtual slices through the (c) top, (d) center and (e) bottom of the alveole.
T190 24987-25266 Sentence denotes For a better spatial classification, (b) gives a combination of the volume in (a) and the slice in (d). (f) Volume rendering of the entire subvolume including neighboring alveolae. (g) Zoom-in onto a major blood vessel (red) which is directly connected with the hyaline membrane.
T191 25267-25293 Sentence denotes Scale bars: (c–e) 300⁢μ⁢m.
T192 25294-25501 Sentence denotes The severeness of hyaline membrane formation is case-specific, as the yellow rendering in Figure 8a,b,d demonstrates reduced amounts of deposits for patient I in a subvolume of parallel-beam reconstructions.
T193 25502-25614 Sentence denotes Further, lymphocytes (red) were identified based on the automated cell segmentation (see Materials and methods).
T194 25615-25743 Sentence denotes For clearer visualization, each cell is rendered as a sphere with a size corresponding to the mean cell volume in Figure 8a,b,d.
T195 25744-25940 Sentence denotes Based on convolution of the cell positions with a sphere of 100⁢μ⁢m in radius, the local cell density was calculated (Töpperwien et al., 2018) and presented as 3D-maps of cells/mm3 in Figure 8c,e.
T196 25941-26048 Sentence denotes This concept was then translated to a 3D-stitched volume of an entire tissue block as shown in Figure 8f,g.
T197 26049-26058 Sentence denotes Figure 8.
T198 26060-26221 Sentence denotes Rendering of alveolar wall with hyaline membrane and quantification of lymphocyte infiltration (unstained tissue, patient I, parallel beam scan of a 1 mm punch).
T199 26222-26449 Sentence denotes The illustrations in (a–e) show a subvolume of 0.60×0.48×0.26 mm3, (f and g) this concept applied to the full tissue block of 2.57×2.99×0.98 mm3. (a) Yellow contours mark the locations of hyaline membrane in an exemplary slice.
T200 26450-26693 Sentence denotes In same spatial orientation, (b, d and f) volume rendering of soft tissue (light pink), infiltrated by hyaline membrane (yellow) and lymphocytes (red) and (c, e and g) their local cell density among the lung tissue, including air compartments.
T201 26694-26827 Sentence denotes Next, the segmentation of blood vessels is demonstrated for the example of a splitting blood vessel in the zoom tomogram of sample V.
T202 26828-26868 Sentence denotes The segmentation was performed manually.
T203 26869-27015 Sentence denotes To give an impression of the separation of a single capillary, a series of virtual slices in the xy-plane (magnified views) is shown in Figure 9a.
T204 27016-27111 Sentence denotes The separation starts with the creation of a branch from the blood vessel (arrow in slice 336).
T205 27112-27209 Sentence denotes In slice 326, 1.7⁢μ⁢m above slice 336, this branch evolves into an empty and separated capillary.
T206 27210-27275 Sentence denotes Another 2⁢μ⁢m above, the capillary is entirely filled with cells.
T207 27276-27358 Sentence denotes Further 2.3⁢μ⁢m, the capillary is empty again and has a diameter of about 2.8⁢μ⁢m.
T208 27359-27485 Sentence denotes The segmentation of the blood vessel with all its separated branches is indicated for slice 336 in Figure 9b by the red lines.
T209 27486-27626 Sentence denotes In this slice, three capillaries have already separated from the main vessel, while the fourth starts to emerge, indicated by the red arrow.
T210 27627-27735 Sentence denotes The 3D shape of the blood vessel is illustrated by the 3D rendering of the segmentation, shown in Figure 9c.
T211 27736-27883 Sentence denotes This segmentation of the blood vessel shows the potential of the datasets, which may be fully exploited in future with more advanced segmentations.
T212 27884-27893 Sentence denotes Figure 9.
T213 27895-27964 Sentence denotes Segmentation of the blood vessel network, exemplified for biopsy (V).
T214 27965-28078 Sentence denotes (a) Series of slices in z-direction illustrate the separation of a capillary (≈5μm diameter) from a blood vessel.
T215 28079-28120 Sentence denotes Red arrow marks the separating capillary.
T216 28121-28311 Sentence denotes In slice 314, the capillary is entirely filled with erythrocytes. (b) Red lines in the entire virtual slice (336) represent the contours of a manual segmentation of the blood vessel network.
T217 28312-28508 Sentence denotes Three capillaries already separated from the main vessel, while the fourth starts to emerge, indicated by the red arrow. (c) Segmentation illustrating the 3D structure of the blood vessel network.
T218 28509-28520 Sentence denotes Scale bars:
T219 28521-28528 Sentence denotes 50⁢μ⁢m.
T220 28530-28540 Sentence denotes Discussion
T221 28541-28767 Sentence denotes In summary, we have demonstrated that multi-scale x-ray phase contrast tomography can firstly augment pathohistology of the lung to full three dimensions, and secondly provide a link between microscopic and macroscopic scales.
T222 28768-29025 Sentence denotes For the first time, characteristic morphological changes associated with DAD such as hyaline membranes and pronounced inflammation have been imaged in three dimensions, in particular in Covid-19, the most severe pandemic which mankind has faced for decades.
T223 29026-29158 Sentence denotes Moreover, we conducted our study in FFPE material, a fixation method established for well over a century and ubiquitously available.
T224 29159-29336 Sentence denotes The advantage of 3D histology compared to conventional histology relates to the simple fact that features can be visualized and investigated in their full native dimensionality.
T225 29337-29520 Sentence denotes This enables the accurate determination of cell densities, the quantification of morphological parameters such as the distance metrics shown in Figure 6, and tracing of blood vessels.
T226 29521-29761 Sentence denotes Standard histology and in particular immunohistochemical staining, on the other hand, can inform us more precisely on the biomolecular origin of the structure, while immunostaining coupled with x-ray contrast agents is not yet within reach.
T227 29762-29888 Sentence denotes Importantly, since PC-CT is nondestructive, histology can be performed on well-chosen sections after the scan, see Appendix 1.
T228 29889-30199 Sentence denotes On the side of imaging technology and exploitation, there is still ample room for improvement: higher resolution could be achieved by further geometric zooms, waveguide optics with higher numerical aperture, in combination with pixel detector technology, and further improvements in holographic reconstruction.
T229 30200-30349 Sentence denotes Equally important to extend the length scales covered to small scales is the further upscaling of the FOV based on stitching different sub-tomograms.
T230 30350-30491 Sentence denotes At the same time the scales should be extended by including more than two zoom levels, based on different detector and illumination settings.
T231 30492-30564 Sentence denotes In this way, one could bridge scales to cover the entire lobe of a lung.
T232 30565-30771 Sentence denotes To this end, optimized recording and data flow is a larger bottleneck than photons and optics, in particular since 4th generation synchrotron radiation sources are about to deliver unprecedented brilliance.
T233 30772-30942 Sentence denotes Finally, in view of exploitation and information gain, specific labels for different cell types and 3D immunostaining coupled to radiocontrast agents should be developed.
T234 30943-31046 Sentence denotes Here, lung offers an advantage over other tissue in view of volume accessibility and label diffusivity.
T235 31047-31196 Sentence denotes Most importantly, efforts have to be directed to exploit the full information contained in the reconstruction volumes based on advanced segmentation.
T236 31197-31355 Sentence denotes Tracing of capillaries is an obvious important next step, in view of unraveling the role of intussusceptive angiogenesis in Covid-19 (Ackermann et al., 2020).
T237 31356-31575 Sentence denotes The current data, which are made fully available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3892637, are likely to already provide such clues once that more advanced segmentation approaches based on machine learning are applied.
T238 31576-31710 Sentence denotes More generally, it may advance our understanding of DAD in the particular case of Covid-19, as an intrinsically volumetric phenomenon.
T239 31711-31836 Sentence denotes Beyond the current data, further studies could shed further light on the differences between moderate and severe progression.
T240 31837-31940 Sentence denotes Possibly, phase contrast tomography of lung biopsies could in future also help diagnosis and treatment.
T241 31942-31963 Sentence denotes Materials and methods
T242 31965-32016 Sentence denotes Autopsy, clinical background and tissue preparation
T243 32017-32115 Sentence denotes In total we investigated six postmortem lung samples from Covid-19 patients (Menter et al., 2020).
T244 32116-32238 Sentence denotes A tissue micro-array paraffin block with samples of all six patients and the corresponding HE stain is shown in Figure 1a.
T245 32239-32380 Sentence denotes Information about age, gender, hospitalization, clinical, radiological and histological characteristics of all patients are shown in Table 2.
T246 32381-32505 Sentence denotes All patients suffered from hypertension and were treated with RAAS (renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system) interacting drugs.
T247 32506-32718 Sentence denotes Heterogeneous ground glass and consolidation were observed in all patients clinical CT scans and the cause of death was also related to respiratory failure in each patient (patient IV cardio-respiratory failure).
T248 32719-32834 Sentence denotes Additionally, tumor-free lung samples from partial resections of pulmonary carcinomas were analyzed as a reference.
T249 32835-32843 Sentence denotes Table 2.
T250 32845-32876 Sentence denotes Sample and medical information.
T251 32877-33095 Sentence denotes Age and gender, clinical presentation with hospitalization and treatment; NIV: non-invasive ventilation, I: immunosuppression, S: smoker, GGO: ground-glass opacification, C: consolidation, DAD: diffuse alveolar damage.
T252 33096-33106 Sentence denotes Sample no.
T253 33108-33200 Sentence denotes Age group, gender Hospitalization, clinical, radiological, and histological characteristics
T254 33201-33229 Sentence denotes I 60–70, F 5-10d, GGO, DAD
T255 33230-33260 Sentence denotes II 80–90, M 5-10d, C, I, DAD
T256 33261-33294 Sentence denotes III 90–100, M 1-4d, GGO, C, DAD
T257 33295-33334 Sentence denotes IV 70–80, M 1-4d, NIV, S, GGO, C, DAD
T258 33335-33374 Sentence denotes V 60–70, M 5-10d, NIV, S, GGO, C, DAD
T259 33375-33409 Sentence denotes VI 70–80, M 1-4d, S, GGO, C, DAD
T260 33410-33538 Sentence denotes CTRL 20–30, M - From each of the six Covid-19 patients, two tissue samples with edge lengths of about 4 mm each were analyzed.
T261 33539-33667 Sentence denotes To one sample of each patient, a metal containing stain (uranium acetate, UA) was applied, the other samples remained unstained.
T262 33668-33783 Sentence denotes Separated for their stain, six tissue samples were dehydrated and embedded in the same multi-sample paraffin block.
T263 33784-33960 Sentence denotes The size of the postmortem tissue samples made available for the study varied between the different patients (I-VI), with maximum cross-section of about 4 mm after dehydration.
T264 33961-34078 Sentence denotes From all six samples, biopsy punches were taken by either a 8 mm or a 3.5 mm punch, depending on the individual size.
T265 34079-34319 Sentence denotes The punches were then transferred onto a holder for the parallel-beam local tomography acquisition, followed by a further reduction in size (after measurement of the entire sample) to a 1 mm biopsy punch, for further tomographic recordings.
T266 34320-34377 Sentence denotes A sketch of the sample preparation is shown in Figure 1b.
T267 34378-34619 Sentence denotes The control lung sample was first mounted in an Eppendorf tube for parallel beam acquisitions, and a 1 mm biopsy punch was then transferred into a polyimide tube similar to the paraffin-embedded ones, but scanned in fixative buffer solution.
T268 34621-34646 Sentence denotes Phase contrast tomography
T269 34647-34767 Sentence denotes For Covid-19 lung tissue, the scans were recorded at the GINIX endstation of the PETRA III storage ring (DESY, Hamburg).
T270 34768-34970 Sentence denotes The projections were acquired at two different photon energies Eph, 8⁢keV and 13.8⁢keV, using the first and third harmonic of the 5 m P10 undulator and a Si(111) channel-cut monochromator, respectively.
T271 34971-35065 Sentence denotes Data are shown here only for 8⁢keV, which gave highest contrast for the unstained lung tissue.
T272 35066-35151 Sentence denotes Two tomography configurations were combined to cover a larger range of length scales:
T273 35153-35170 Sentence denotes (1–parallel beam)
T274 35171-35351 Sentence denotes Recordings with the unfocused quasi-parallel beam illumination and a high resolution microscope detection system, resulting in in a FOV of 1.6 mm sampled at a pixel size of 650 nm.
T275 35353-35366 Sentence denotes (2–cone beam)
T276 35367-35653 Sentence denotes Holographic recordings with the divergent and coherence filtered beam emanating from a compound focusing system composed of a Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors system and an x-ray waveguide, resulting in a FOV of 0.4 mm sampled at a pixel size of about 167 nm (depending on exact geometry).
T277 35654-35801 Sentence denotes Both configurations were implemented side-by-side, using the same fully-motorized tomography stage and mounting, as detailed in Frohn et al., 2020.
T278 35802-35856 Sentence denotes A sketch of both configurations is shown in Figure 1 .
T279 35857-35956 Sentence denotes First, parallel-beam overview scans were acquired of the entire tissue volume embedded in paraffin.
T280 35957-36185 Sentence denotes To this end a 3.5 mm biopsy punch was taken from the multi-sample tissue block, and then scanned in a stitching-mode yielding a large overview reconstruction, composed of up to 20 individual tomograms (depending on tissue size).
T281 36186-36446 Sentence denotes To increase image quality and avoid artifacts related to region-of-interest (ROI) or local tomography, a selected 1 mm punch was then taken from the already scanned larger tissue cylinder, and re-scanned, first in the parallel- and then the cone-beam geometry.
T282 36447-36533 Sentence denotes Experimental and acquisition parameters used for the data shown are listed in Table 3.
T283 36534-36542 Sentence denotes Table 3.
T284 36544-36621 Sentence denotes Data acquisition parameters for x-ray phase-contrast tomography measurements.
T285 36622-36654 Sentence denotes Cone geometry Parallel geometry
T286 36655-36693 Sentence denotes FOV 0.4 mm × 0.35 mm 1.6 mm × 1.4 mm
T287 36694-36720 Sentence denotes Pixel size 167 nm 650 nm
T288 36721-36736 Sentence denotes z 01 125 mm -
T289 36737-36766 Sentence denotes z 12 4975 mm 10 mm − 100 mm
T290 36767-36803 Sentence denotes Regime holographic direct contrast
T291 36804-36836 Sentence denotes Rotation start-stop continuous
T292 36837-36862 Sentence denotes Exposure 2 s 0.035 ⁢ s
T293 36863-36899 Sentence denotes Total exposure ≃ 63 m i n ≃ 75 s
T294 36900-37041 Sentence denotes Volumetric flowrate 1.16 × 10 4 μ m / 3 s 3.75 × 10 7 μ m / 3 s The configuration for (1–parallel beam) is depicted in Figure 1c.
T295 37042-37312 Sentence denotes The high-resolution microscope detection system (Optique Peter, France) was based on a 50⁢μ⁢m thick LuAG:Ce scintillator imaged with a 10× magnifying microscope objective onto a sCMOS sensor (pco.edge 5.5, PCO, Germany), resulting in an effective pixel size of 0.65⁢μ⁢m.
T296 37313-37473 Sentence denotes The high photon flux density allowed for image acquisition with continuous motor movement, short acquisition time of 35 ms per frame, and a framerate of 20 fps.
T297 37474-37603 Sentence denotes Single-distance tomogram recordings with about 1500 projections, and flat images before and after the scan, took less than 2 min.
T298 37604-37801 Sentence denotes For these scans, the focusing optics (KB-mirrors and waveguide) as well as the fastshutter (Cedrat technologies) were moved out of the beam, and beam size was adjusted by the upstream slit systems.
T299 37802-37892 Sentence denotes To avoid detector saturation, the beam was attenuated by 4× single crystal silicon wafers.
T300 37893-37954 Sentence denotes The configuration for (2–cone beam) is depicted in Figure 1d:
T301 37955-38010 Sentence denotes The beam was focused by the KB-mirrors to about 300 nm.
T302 38011-38466 Sentence denotes To further reduce the secondary source size, to increase coherence, and to achieve a smooth wavefront for holographic illumination, an x-ray waveguide formed by 1 mm long lithographic channels in silicon with a cross-section of about 100 nm was positioned in the focal plane of the KB-mirrors, resulting in an exit flux of 1–4⋅109 photon/s (depending on alignment and storage ring), as measured with the single photon counting detector (Pilatus, Dectris).
T303 38467-38603 Sentence denotes The sample was positioned at variable (defocus) distances behind the focus (waveguide exit), typically z01=125mm for the first distance.
T304 38604-38805 Sentence denotes The geometrically magnified holograms were recorded by a fibre-coupled sCMOS sensor (Zyla HF 5.5 detector, Andor Technologies) with a customized 15⁢μ⁢m thick Gadox scintillator, and 6.5⁢μ⁢m pixel size.
T305 38806-38985 Sentence denotes The detector position at about z02=5100mm behind the focus resulted in a magnification of about M=41 (for the first defocus distance), and hence an effective pixel size of 167 nm.
T306 38986-39069 Sentence denotes 1442 projections were recorded, with a typical exposure time of 2 s per projection.
T307 39071-39126 Sentence denotes Phase retrieval, image reconstruction, and segmentation
T308 39128-39162 Sentence denotes Phase retrieval and reconstruction
T309 39163-39511 Sentence denotes Phase retrieval was performed from dark and empty beam corrected holograms, using both linearised single step CTF-approach (Cloetens et al., 1999; Turner et al., 2004), and non-linear generalizations of the CTF-method based on Tikhonov regularization (NL-CTF), using our code package HoloTomoToolbox as described and deposited (Lohse et al., 2020).
T310 39512-39633 Sentence denotes Importantly, both CTF and NL-CTF implementations can be augmented by imposing support and range constraints, when needed.
T311 39634-39792 Sentence denotes When available, projections recorded at several defocus distances were first aligned with sub-pixel accuracy and then used for multi-distance phase retrieval.
T312 39793-39961 Sentence denotes For these purposes, the HoloTomoToolbox provides auxiliary functions, which also help to refine the Fresnel number or to correct for drift in the illumination function.
T313 39962-40266 Sentence denotes After phase reconstruction of all projections, the tomographic reconstruction was carried out with the MATLAB implemented iradon-function (Ram-Lak filter) for the parallel geometry and with the FDK-function of the ASTRA toolbox (van Aarle et al., 2015; van Aarle et al., 2016) for the cone beam geometry.
T314 40267-40594 Sentence denotes Hot pixel and detector sensitivity variations as well as strong phase features in the parallel beam illumination resulting from upstream window materials, which persist after empty beam correction, can all result in ring artifacts in the tomographic reconstruction, in particular as these flaws can increase by phase retrieval.
T315 40595-40763 Sentence denotes To correct for this, the extra information provided by 360° scans was used to mask out the corresponding pixels and replace them with values of the opposing projection.
T316 40764-40871 Sentence denotes Stitching of reconstructions from different tomographic scans was performed using (Miettinen et al., 2019).
T317 40872-40939 Sentence denotes Resolution estimates were obtained by FSC analysis, see Appendix 2.
T318 40941-40978 Sentence denotes Image segmentation and quantification
T319 40979-41080 Sentence denotes For each patient the stitched overview scans were analyzed with regard to structural characteristics.
T320 41081-41303 Sentence denotes The 3D-reconstructions were first binned (2 × 2 × 2), and the tissue was then segmented from the surrounding paraffin using the segmentation software Ilastik (Berg et al., 2019), which was then further refined with MATLAB.
T321 41304-41442 Sentence denotes In order to exclude single macrophages or detached tissue, only voxels connected to the tissue block were considered for the distance map.
T322 41443-41558 Sentence denotes Further, the areas of the paraffin which represent air compartments were linked to the outside of the tissue block.
T323 41559-41654 Sentence denotes Individual self-contained areas of paraffin (not connected to air) were excluded from the mask.
T324 41655-41772 Sentence denotes Based on this segmentation, the distance to the nearest voxel containing oxygen was calculated for each tissue voxel.
T325 41773-41845 Sentence denotes The tissue volume V is given by the sum of all voxels containing tissue.
T326 41846-41936 Sentence denotes The surface area SA is defined by all tissue voxels with a distance of 1 pixel to the air.
T327 41937-42042 Sentence denotes From this information we calculated the specific surface(2) SV=SA/Vwith S⁢A/V surface area volume -ratio.
T328 42043-42151 Sentence denotes Further a characteristic length(3) Lc=V/SA⋅vxwith v⁢x edge length of a voxel was determined for each sample.
T329 42152-42287 Sentence denotes Additionally, the mean distance (dO2¯) from all tissue voxels to the closest air compartment and its standard deviation was calculated.
T330 42288-42426 Sentence denotes Hyaline membranes and capillary networks were extracted using semi-manual segmentation functions in Avizo (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA).
T331 42427-42582 Sentence denotes Beside hyaline membranes and the capillary network, different cell types can be readily identified based on the 3D reconstructions of the electron density.
T332 42583-42693 Sentence denotes In particular, inflammatory cell subpopulations - that is, macrophages and lymphocytes - can be distinguished.
T333 42694-42807 Sentence denotes To this end, an automatic and parameter-controlled algorithm denoted as BlobFinder was used (arivis AG, Germany).
T334 42808-42951 Sentence denotes Based on its segmentation output, the amount and position of the lymphocytes in the 3D-reconstructions from parallel beam scans was calculated.
T335 42952-43024 Sentence denotes The algorithm is able to identify roundish structures with a given size.
T336 43025-43108 Sentence denotes For the segmentation of the lymphocytes, we chose a characteristic size of 6.5⁢μ⁢m.
T337 43109-43207 Sentence denotes The structures identified in this step also include macrophages and parts of the capillary system.
T338 43208-43356 Sentence denotes For the unbinned datasets, a distinction between lymphocytes and the nuclei of the macrophages was made based on the difference in electron density.
T339 43357-43465 Sentence denotes In the tomographic reconstructions, the lymphocytes appear denser compared to the nuclei of the macrophages.
T340 43466-43606 Sentence denotes Further, nuclei from endothelial cells and parts of the capillaries filled with blood residues were excluded based on their elongated shape.
T341 43607-43672 Sentence denotes Only structures with a sphericity higher than 0.55 were included.
T342 43673-43850 Sentence denotes Based on the segmentation of lymphocytes, the total number of lymphocytes Nl was obtained and the mean concentration of lymphocytes within the lung tissue cl=Nl/V was estimated.
T343 43852-43871 Sentence denotes Funding Information
T344 43872-43921 Sentence denotes This paper was supported by the following grants:
T345 43922-44029 Sentence denotes http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung 05K19MG2 to Tim Salditt.
T346 44030-44121 Sentence denotes http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010663H2020 European Research Council 771883 to Danny Jonigk.
T347 44122-44189 Sentence denotes Max-Planck Schools Matter to Life to Marius Reichardt, Tim Salditt.
T348 44190-44297 Sentence denotes http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft EXC 2067/1-390729940 to Tim Salditt.
T349 44298-44365 Sentence denotes Botnar Research Center for Child Health BRCCH to Alexandar Tzankov.
T350 44367-44383 Sentence denotes Acknowledgements
T351 44384-44677 Sentence denotes We thank Maximilian Ackermann and Florian Länger for their helpful suggestions, Patrick Zardo for providing control specimen, Emily Brouwer for help in sample preparation, Bastian Hartmann and Jan Goemann for technical help with instrumentation and IT, and Jakob Koch for help in segmentation.
T352 44678-44792 Sentence denotes It is also our pleasure to acknowledge DESY photon science management for the Covid-19 beamtime call and beamtime.
T353 44794-44816 Sentence denotes Additional information
T354 44817-44836 Sentence denotes Competing interests
T355 44837-44869 Sentence denotes No competing interests declared.
T356 44870-44890 Sentence denotes Author contributions
T357 44891-45018 Sentence denotes Data curation, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review and editing.
T358 45019-45146 Sentence denotes Data curation, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review and editing.
T359 45147-45274 Sentence denotes Data curation, Software, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review and editing.
T360 45275-45342 Sentence denotes Software, Investigation, Methodology, Writing - review and editing.
T361 45343-45366 Sentence denotes Resources, Methodology.
T362 45367-45390 Sentence denotes Resources, Methodology.
T363 45391-45413 Sentence denotes Resources, Validation.
T364 45414-45455 Sentence denotes Validation, Investigation, Visualisation.
T365 45456-45504 Sentence denotes Resources, Validation, Writing - original draft.
T366 45505-45606 Sentence denotes Conceptualization, Resources, Supervision, Funding acquisition, Validation, Writing - original draft.
T367 45607-45810 Sentence denotes Conceptualization, Resources, Data curation, Formal analysis, Supervision, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing - original draft, Project administration, Writing - review and editing.
T368 45811-45817 Sentence denotes Ethics
T369 45818-45833 Sentence denotes Human subjects:
T370 45834-45965 Sentence denotes The study was approved by and conducted according to requirements of the ethics committees at the Hannover Medical School (vote Nr.
T371 45966-45982 Sentence denotes 9022 BO K 2020).
T372 45984-46000 Sentence denotes Additional files
T373 46001-46027 Sentence denotes Transparent reporting form
T374 46029-46046 Sentence denotes Data availability
T375 46047-46124 Sentence denotes All datasets were uploaded to zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3892637.
T376 46125-46161 Sentence denotes The following dataset was generated:
T377 46162-46416 Sentence denotes Salditt T Frohn J Eckermann M Reichardt M Osterhoff M Westermeier F Sprung M Tzankov A Kühnel M Jonigk D 2020 3d Virtual Patho-Histology of Lung Tissue from Covid19 Patients based on Phase Contrast X-ray Tomography Zenodo 10.5281/zenodo.3892637
T378 46418-46428 Sentence denotes Appendix 1
T379 46429-46474 Sentence denotes Medical information and correlative histology
T380 46475-46638 Sentence denotes Before recording tomographic scans, tissue sections of 2.5⁢μ⁢m thickness were cut from the top, stained by HE (hematoxylin and eosin) and imaged with a microscope.
T381 46639-46703 Sentence denotes Appendix 1—figure 1 shows the histological slice of each sample.
T382 46704-46811 Sentence denotes The imaged section is just above the upper plane of the 3D PC-CT reconstruction volume, but not part of it.
T383 46812-46832 Sentence denotes Appendix 1—figure 1.
T384 46834-46911 Sentence denotes Microscopic images of HE-stained histological sections of all samples (I–VI).
T385 46912-47033 Sentence denotes Histological slices show comparable morphologies to the virtual slices in Figure 3, which represent different z-position.
T386 47034-47045 Sentence denotes Scale bars:
T387 47046-47054 Sentence denotes 400⁢μ⁢m.
T388 47055-47279 Sentence denotes An overview of different morphological features identified by conventional HE histology and virtual 3D histology is presented in Appendix 1—figure 2, while Appendix 1—figure 3 presents a direct comparison for the same slice.
T389 47280-47356 Sentence denotes For this purpose, the sample was sectioned and stained after the PC-CT scan.
T390 47357-47545 Sentence denotes Artery lumen, artery wall, erythrocytes, thrombus, alveolar septum, marcophage, hyaline membrane and black granules (anthracosis) are shown in Appendix 1—figure 2 for both imaging methods.
T391 47546-47657 Sentence denotes Contrast of the hyaline membrane is homogenous in both modalities, facilitating idetification and segmentation.
T392 47658-47810 Sentence denotes Erythrocytes are easily recognized by eye in the conventional histology image, due to the HE staining, but less well distinguished by virtual histology.
T393 47811-47971 Sentence denotes This results in a difficult differentiation between thrombus and blood stasis as well as a difficult identification of blood capillaries in the alveolar septum.
T394 47972-48128 Sentence denotes Importantly, however, feature identification can be confirmed by correlative 2d and 3D histology on the same section, as exemplified by Appendix 1—figure 3.
T395 48129-48149 Sentence denotes Appendix 1—figure 2.
T396 48151-48244 Sentence denotes Comparison of morphological features between conventional HE histology and virtual histology.
T397 48245-48509 Sentence denotes Artery lumen, artery wall, erythrocytes, thrombus, alveolar septum, macrophage, hyaline membrane and anthracotic pigments (i.e. the black granules) are presented on exemplary slices of different samples (I–VI) for conventional (left) and virtual histology (right).
T398 48510-48550 Sentence denotes Scale bars: left 200⁢μ⁢m, right 100⁢μ⁢m.
T399 48551-48571 Sentence denotes Appendix 1—figure 3.
T400 48573-48650 Sentence denotes Direct comparison of virtual and HE histology for an identical slice/section.
T401 48651-48779 Sentence denotes (top left) Region of interest of the parallel beam tomogram (Sample II). (bottom left) Corresponding HE stained histology slice.
T402 48780-48850 Sentence denotes Thrombi and erythrocytes can be identified in both imaging modalities.
T403 48851-48963 Sentence denotes The red square marks the position of the zoom tomogram, for which the corresponding slice is shown on the right.
T404 48964-48975 Sentence denotes Scale bars:
T405 48976-48983 Sentence denotes 50⁢μ⁢m.
T406 48985-48995 Sentence denotes Appendix 2
T407 48996-49006 Sentence denotes Resolution
T408 49007-49138 Sentence denotes Resolution estimates are challenging for tissue reconstructions due to the absence of sharp edges or features of well defined size.
T409 49139-49209 Sentence denotes Here, we follow the approach known as Fourier-shell correlation (FSC).
T410 49210-49373 Sentence denotes Accordingly, an upper bound for the resolution is be obtained in the following way: the CT scan is split into two, and from each half a 3D volume is reconstructed.
T411 49374-49553 Sentence denotes After registry, that is, mutual alignment of the volumes, the correlation between the two independent reconstructions in Fourier space is plotted as function of spatial frequency.
T412 49554-49709 Sentence denotes This correlation must not necessarily reflect the pure system resolution, but instead the range of spatial frequencies over which the results are reliable.
T413 49710-49834 Sentence denotes As such it is not only affected by the system resolution but also by the sample contrast and the noise of the specific scan.
T414 49835-50007 Sentence denotes Further, it represents an average over all structures, not taking into account that features with stronger/weaker contrast can correspondingly show higher/lower resolution.
T415 50008-50099 Sentence denotes Here the Fourier operation for FSC was implemented with a Kaiser-Bessel window of 7 pixels.
T416 50100-50245 Sentence denotes For the parallel-beam data, a central volume of 650 × 650 × 650 voxels was correlated, for the cone-beam data a volume of 685 × 680 × 250 voxels.
T417 50246-50380 Sentence denotes These sub-volumes were selected to obtain the average values for the tissue while minimizing contributions from paraffin-filled holes.
T418 50381-50437 Sentence denotes The correlation curves are shown in Appendix 2—figure 1.
T419 50438-50561 Sentence denotes The intersection of the curve with the half-bit threshold yields the resolution estimate, indicated with dashed black line.
T420 50562-50706 Sentence denotes Correspondingly, a half-period resolution of 0.71⁢μ⁢m and 0.39⁢μ⁢m (or better) is obtained for the parallel and cone beam dataset, respectively.
T421 50707-50917 Sentence denotes However, since the splitted dataset resulted in only 721 angles for the reconstruction, i.e. the resolution estimate is severely affected by under-sampling artifacts, and hence can only serve as an upper bound.
T422 50918-50963 Sentence denotes Appendix 2—figure 1 illustrates the analysis.
T423 50964-50984 Sentence denotes Appendix 2—figure 1.
T424 50986-51050 Sentence denotes Quantification of the 3D-resolution for the example of sample V.
T425 51051-51160 Sentence denotes FSC analysis was carried out for two independent reconstructions, each from half the projections of the scan.
T426 51162-51172 Sentence denotes Appendix 3
T427 51173-51189 Sentence denotes Further datasets
T428 51190-51199 Sentence denotes Controls:
T429 51200-51290 Sentence denotes The imaging workflow was also applied to hydrated and/or healthy lung tissue as a control.
T430 51291-51355 Sentence denotes First, overview scans covering the entire samples were recorded.
T431 51356-51538 Sentence denotes Then, hydrated 1 mm biopsy punches (two for CTRLI, one for CTRLII and CTRLIII, where CTRLII and CTRLIII are from the same patient) were recorded in (1 - parallel beam) configuration.
T432 51539-51621 Sentence denotes Biopsy punches from CTRLII and CTRLIII were also examined in (2 - cone beam) mode.
T433 51622-51822 Sentence denotes Appendix 3—figure 1 presents (a) the rendering of the hydrated control, and (b,c) virtual slices through the reconstruction volume, showing the lung parenchymal architecture in healthy control tissue.
T434 51823-51842 Sentence denotes UA-stained samples:
T435 51843-51947 Sentence denotes For all Covid-19 patients, autopsies were also treated by UA-staining in order to increase the contrast.
T436 51948-52044 Sentence denotes Stitched overview scans in (1 - parallel beam) configuration were recorded, similar to Figure 3.
T437 52045-52185 Sentence denotes From the UA-labeled tissue blocks of patients I, III, IV and V, 1 mm, biopsy punches were than scanned in the same configuration (Figure 4).
T438 52186-52339 Sentence denotes Using the (2 - cone beam) setup, these samples from I, III and IV were imaged at 8.0⁢keV x-rays, while V was examined at 13.8⁢keV, as shown for Figure 5.
T439 52340-52374 Sentence denotes Variation of propagation distance:
T440 52375-52562 Sentence denotes Scans of the unstained tissue block from patient II were recorded at different propagation distances (z12=50, 100 and 125keV) and different x-ray energies (13.3, 13.8, 14.3 and 14.8 keV).
T441 52563-52664 Sentence denotes In cone-beam configuration, the unstained biopsy punch from patient I was scanned at 13.8⁢keV x-rays.
T442 52665-52683 Sentence denotes Compact μCT scans:
T443 52684-53042 Sentence denotes Prior to the synchrotron experiment, some of the samples have been examined with a laboratory phase-contrast μCT-setup in large mm2-sized FOV-configuration (Liquid metal jet source, Kα=9.5keV, pxeff=5μm, z12=1.7m, 1200 projections of 1 s exposure time with a flat panel CMOS detector with 150⁢μ⁢m Gadox-scintillator, PerkinElmer, USA) (Bartels et al., 2013).
T444 53043-53252 Sentence denotes Metal-staining (here UA) of the lung tissue helped to achieve sufficient contrast, similar to previous μCT-studies of other biological tissues (Müller et al., 2017; Busse et al., 2018; De Clercq et al., 2019).
T445 53253-53339 Sentence denotes The resulting overview scans could also be correlated well with histological sections.
T446 53340-53360 Sentence denotes Appendix 3—figure 1.
T447 53362-53410 Sentence denotes Illustrations of control lung tissue (hydrated).
T448 53411-53624 Sentence denotes (a) Volume rendering of the tissue block (0.97×1.00×0.73 mm3) and (b) slice through the volume, examined in PB-configuration. (c) Slice from the cone-beam scan, arrows indicating the structure of a healthy septum.
T449 53625-53675 Sentence denotes Particularly, macrophages and erythrocytes emerge.
T450 53676-53716 Sentence denotes Scale bars: (b) 100⁢μ⁢m and (c) 300⁢μ⁢m.
T451 53717-53737 Sentence denotes Appendix 3—figure 2.
T452 53739-53792 Sentence denotes Screening with a laboratory phase-contrast μCT-setup.
T453 53793-54000 Sentence denotes (UA-stained tissue block, patient I). (a) Histological and (b) correlative virtual slice from laboratory phase-contrast tomography. (c) Volume rendering of the entire tissue block from a similar perspective.
T454 54001-54011 Sentence denotes Scale bar:
T455 54012-54017 Sentence denotes 1 mm.

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 1059-1082 Phenotype denotes diffuse alveolar damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033006
T2 1084-1087 Phenotype denotes DAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033006
T3 1452-1472 Phenotype denotes respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T4 1493-1512 Phenotype denotes respiratory failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002878
T5 1996-2019 Phenotype denotes diffuse alveolar damage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033006
T6 2021-2024 Phenotype denotes DAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033006
T7 2031-2036 Phenotype denotes edema http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000969
T8 2820-2835 Phenotype denotes intussusceptive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002576
T9 3157-3170 Phenotype denotes lung diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002088
T10 3182-3185 Phenotype denotes DAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033006
T11 3204-3213 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T12 4367-4370 Phenotype denotes DAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033006
T13 4538-4553 Phenotype denotes intussusceptive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002576
T14 4792-4795 Phenotype denotes DAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033006
T15 14277-14286 Phenotype denotes umonia an http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T16 14442-14454 Phenotype denotes quamation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0040189
T17 14501-14524 Phenotype denotes trilobular emphysema (o http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032966
T18 15241-15264 Phenotype denotes trilobular emphysema (o http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032966
T19 15715-15738 Phenotype denotes trilobular emphysema (o http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032966
T20 16150-16159 Phenotype denotes umonia, m http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T21 16275-16298 Phenotype denotes trilobular emphysema (o http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032966
T22 16377-16386 Phenotype denotes hysema, a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002097
T23 16902-16911 Phenotype denotes umonia wi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T24 17162-17174 Phenotype denotes quamation, a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0040189
T25 17982-18006 Phenotype denotes erstitial pneumonitis an http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0006515
T26 18133-18156 Phenotype denotes trilobular emphysema an http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032966
T27 18274-18292 Phenotype denotes onic bronchitis/br http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0004469
T28 18293-18306 Phenotype denotes nchiolitis (o http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0011950
T29 32411-32423 Phenotype denotes ertension an http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822
T30 32645-32664 Phenotype denotes piratory failure in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002878
T31 32700-32719 Phenotype denotes piratory failure). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002878
T32 32736-32741 Phenotype denotes or-fr http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32815517-32105641-26997839 1799-1803 32105641 denotes 2020
32815517-32105637-26997840 1817-1821 32105637 denotes 2020
32815517-32017661-26997841 1837-1841 32017661 denotes 2020
32815517-32437596-26997842 2105-2109 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-32437596-26997843 2541-2545 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-32437596-26997844 4330-4334 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-32437596-26997845 4597-4601 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-31063133-26997846 5289-5293 31063133 denotes 2019
32815517-31061429-26997847 5309-5313 31061429 denotes 2019
32815517-29979177-26997848 5333-5337 29979177 denotes 2018
32815517-29915047-26997849 5358-5362 29915047 denotes 2018
32815517-27321044-26997850 5383-5387 27321044 denotes 2016
32815517-28042800-26997851 5837-5841 28042800 denotes 2017
32815517-19172736-26997852 6376-6380 19172736 denotes 2008
32815517-27461961-26997853 6396-6400 27461961 denotes 2016
32815517-31868749-26997854 6417-6421 31868749 denotes 2020
32815517-29938163-26997855 6676-6680 29938163 denotes 2018
32815517-31129306-26997856 6949-6953 31129306 denotes 2019
32815517-26134789-26997857 7754-7758 26134789 denotes 2015
32815517-29328301-26997858 8982-8986 29328301 denotes 2018
32815517-32381790-26997859 9185-9189 32381790 denotes 2020
32815517-32364264-26997860 9880-9884 32364264 denotes 2020
32815517-12202165-26997861 19402-19406 12202165 denotes 2002
32815517-28362435-26997862 19534-19538 28362435 denotes 2017
32815517-29915047-26997863 25881-25885 29915047 denotes 2018
32815517-32437596-26997864 31349-31353 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-32364264-26997865 32109-32113 32364264 denotes 2020
32815517-19483813-26997866 39325-39329 19483813 denotes 2004
32815517-32381790-26997867 39505-39509 32381790 denotes 2020
32815517-26057688-26997868 40209-40213 26057688 denotes 2015
32815517-27828452-26997869 40233-40237 27828452 denotes 2016
32815517-31116382-26997870 40865-40869 31116382 denotes 2019
32815517-31570887-26997871 41253-41257 31570887 denotes 2019

MyTest

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32815517-32105641-26997839 1799-1803 32105641 denotes 2020
32815517-32105637-26997840 1817-1821 32105637 denotes 2020
32815517-32017661-26997841 1837-1841 32017661 denotes 2020
32815517-32437596-26997842 2105-2109 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-32437596-26997843 2541-2545 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-32437596-26997844 4330-4334 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-32437596-26997845 4597-4601 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-31063133-26997846 5289-5293 31063133 denotes 2019
32815517-31061429-26997847 5309-5313 31061429 denotes 2019
32815517-29979177-26997848 5333-5337 29979177 denotes 2018
32815517-29915047-26997849 5358-5362 29915047 denotes 2018
32815517-27321044-26997850 5383-5387 27321044 denotes 2016
32815517-28042800-26997851 5837-5841 28042800 denotes 2017
32815517-19172736-26997852 6376-6380 19172736 denotes 2008
32815517-27461961-26997853 6396-6400 27461961 denotes 2016
32815517-31868749-26997854 6417-6421 31868749 denotes 2020
32815517-29938163-26997855 6676-6680 29938163 denotes 2018
32815517-31129306-26997856 6949-6953 31129306 denotes 2019
32815517-26134789-26997857 7754-7758 26134789 denotes 2015
32815517-29328301-26997858 8982-8986 29328301 denotes 2018
32815517-32381790-26997859 9185-9189 32381790 denotes 2020
32815517-32364264-26997860 9880-9884 32364264 denotes 2020
32815517-12202165-26997861 19402-19406 12202165 denotes 2002
32815517-28362435-26997862 19534-19538 28362435 denotes 2017
32815517-29915047-26997863 25881-25885 29915047 denotes 2018
32815517-32437596-26997864 31349-31353 32437596 denotes 2020
32815517-32364264-26997865 32109-32113 32364264 denotes 2020
32815517-19483813-26997866 39325-39329 19483813 denotes 2004
32815517-32381790-26997867 39505-39509 32381790 denotes 2020
32815517-26057688-26997868 40209-40213 26057688 denotes 2015
32815517-27828452-26997869 40233-40237 27828452 denotes 2016
32815517-31116382-26997870 40865-40869 31116382 denotes 2019
32815517-31570887-26997871 41253-41257 31570887 denotes 2019

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
2 55-63 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
3 46-54 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
8 342-350 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
9 368-376 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
10 521-529 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
11 1067-1082 Disease denotes alveolar damage MESH:D055370
45 1777-1785 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
46 2169-2224 Species denotes Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Tax:1335626
47 2226-2234 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
48 2240-2257 Species denotes influenza viruses Tax:11308
49 2623-2631 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
50 2652-2660 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
51 2691-2695 Species denotes H1N1 Tax:114727
52 2696-2713 Species denotes influenza A virus Tax:11320
53 2735-2740 Species denotes swine Tax:9823
54 2927-2935 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
55 2941-2945 Species denotes H1N1 Tax:114727
56 2946-2955 Species denotes influenza Tax:11320
57 1368-1392 Disease denotes 2019 coronavirus disease MESH:C000657245
58 1394-1402 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
59 1452-1481 Disease denotes respiratory distress syndrome MESH:D012128
60 1483-1487 Disease denotes ARDS MESH:D012128
61 1493-1512 Disease denotes respiratory failure MESH:D012131
62 1569-1577 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
63 1590-1601 Disease denotes Lung injury MESH:D055370
64 1618-1622 Disease denotes ARDS MESH:D012128
65 1768-1776 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
66 1937-1941 Disease denotes ARDS MESH:D012128
67 2004-2019 Disease denotes alveolar damage MESH:D055370
68 2031-2036 Disease denotes edema MESH:D004487
69 2038-2048 Disease denotes hemorrhage MESH:D006470
70 2155-2165 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
71 2308-2316 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
72 2332-2350 Disease denotes endothelial injury MESH:D014947
73 2409-2421 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
74 2475-2485 Disease denotes thrombosis MESH:D013927
75 2491-2506 Disease denotes microangiopathy MESH:D000783
76 2637-2645 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
77 2762-2770 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
85 2992-3000 Chemical denotes formalin MESH:D005557
86 3008-3016 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
87 3053-3065 Chemical denotes haematoxylin MESH:D006416
88 3070-3075 Chemical denotes eosin MESH:D004801
89 3157-3170 Disease denotes lung diseases MESH:D008171
90 3204-3213 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
91 3377-3385 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
98 4682-4690 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
99 3905-3913 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
100 4112-4133 Disease denotes SARS-Cov-2 infections MESH:C000657245
101 4487-4495 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
102 4710-4718 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
103 4875-4900 Disease denotes angiocentric inflammation MESH:D007249
109 6887-6895 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
110 6897-6904 Chemical denotes ethanol MESH:D000431
111 6456-6476 Disease denotes respiratory diseases MESH:D012140
112 5163-5168 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
113 6746-6751 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
116 7377-7385 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
117 7143-7151 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
122 9315-9323 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
123 9243-9245 Chemical denotes HE
124 9276-9284 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
125 9341-9349 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
135 9855-9863 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
136 9947-9955 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
137 10121-10129 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
138 10203-10211 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
139 10581-10588 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
140 9978-9980 Chemical denotes HE
141 10762-10770 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
142 9846-9854 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
143 10194-10202 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
145 11286-11288 Chemical denotes HE
147 11999-12001 Chemical denotes HE
153 14249-14283 Disease denotes lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia MESH:D009395
154 14351-14362 Disease denotes hypertrophy MESH:D006984
155 14512-14521 Disease denotes emphysema MESH:D004646
156 14603-14627 Disease denotes lymphocytic inflammation MESH:D007249
157 14556-14561 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
160 15159-15168 Disease denotes hyperemia MESH:D006940
161 15252-15261 Disease denotes emphysema MESH:D004646
166 15664-15689 Disease denotes neutrophilic capillaritis MESH:C564275
167 15726-15735 Disease denotes emphysema MESH:D004646
168 15860-15869 Disease denotes emphysema MESH:D004646
169 15770-15775 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
175 16122-16156 Disease denotes lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia MESH:D009395
176 16158-16183 Disease denotes multifocal venous thrombi
177 16286-16295 Disease denotes emphysema MESH:D004646
178 16362-16383 Disease denotes thrombi and emphysema MESH:D004646
179 16330-16335 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
186 16874-16908 Disease denotes lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia MESH:D009395
187 16979-17004 Disease denotes neutrophilic capillaritis MESH:C564275
188 17293-17309 Disease denotes bronchopneumonia MESH:D001996
189 17426-17434 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
190 17458-17470 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
191 17357-17362 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
199 17967-18003 Disease denotes lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis MESH:D017563
200 18019-18027 Disease denotes thrombus MESH:D013927
201 18144-18153 Disease denotes emphysema MESH:D004646
202 18230-18254 Disease denotes lymphocytic inflammation MESH:D007249
203 18279-18303 Disease denotes bronchitis/bronchiolitis MESH:D001991
204 18722-18730 Disease denotes thrombus MESH:D013927
205 18340-18345 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
209 18875-18883 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
210 19217-19223 Chemical denotes oxygen MESH:D010100
211 18893-18901 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
213 20379-20385 Chemical denotes oxygen MESH:D010100
220 23035-23042 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
221 22641-22649 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
222 21435-21443 Disease denotes swelling MESH:D004487
223 22971-22983 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
224 22988-22996 Disease denotes swelling MESH:D004487
225 23207-23219 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
229 23731-23738 Gene denotes Lc (μm) Gene:56925
230 23746-23748 Gene denotes μm Gene:56925
231 23710-23717 Species denotes Patient Tax:9606
233 23603-23611 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
235 24251-24258 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
237 24656-24663 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
239 24841-24857 Chemical denotes hyaline membrane
241 25443-25450 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
243 26174-26181 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
246 28886-28898 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
247 28954-28962 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
249 29781-29786 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
252 31321-31329 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
253 31658-31666 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
270 32084-32092 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
271 32176-32184 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
272 32350-32358 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
273 32385-32393 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
274 32572-32580 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
275 32670-32677 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
276 32679-32686 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
277 32207-32209 Chemical denotes HE
278 32467-32478 Chemical denotes aldosterone MESH:D000450
279 32075-32083 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
280 32408-32420 Disease denotes hypertension MESH:D006973
281 32616-32621 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
282 32642-32661 Disease denotes respiratory failure MESH:D012131
283 32690-32716 Disease denotes cardio-respiratory failure MESH:D012131
284 32733-32738 Disease denotes tumor MESH:D009369
285 32784-32804 Disease denotes pulmonary carcinomas MESH:D008175
287 33079-33094 Disease denotes alveolar damage MESH:D055370
298 33458-33466 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
299 33561-33568 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
300 33884-33892 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
301 33572-33577 Chemical denotes metal MESH:D008670
302 33596-33611 Chemical denotes uranium acetate MESH:C005460
303 33768-33776 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
304 34525-34534 Chemical denotes polyimide
305 34555-34563 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
306 33449-33457 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
307 33948-33959 Disease denotes dehydration MESH:D003681
310 34922-34924 Chemical denotes Si MESH:D012825
311 34651-34659 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
313 35947-35955 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
315 37877-37884 Chemical denotes silicon MESH:D012825
317 38675-38680 Chemical denotes sCMOS
319 40105-40108 Gene denotes Lak Gene:80216
326 40988-40995 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
327 41190-41198 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
328 41469-41477 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
329 41594-41602 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
330 41728-41734 Chemical denotes oxygen MESH:D010100
331 41863-41865 Chemical denotes SA MESH:C012546
333 44017-44020 Gene denotes Tim Gene:7984
335 44177-44180 Gene denotes Tim Gene:7984
337 44285-44288 Gene denotes Tim Gene:7984
339 45818-45823 Species denotes Human Tax:9606
341 46387-46393 Chemical denotes Zenodo
386 46582-46584 Chemical denotes HE
387 46586-46597 Chemical denotes hematoxylin MESH:D006416
388 46602-46607 Chemical denotes eosin MESH:D004801
389 46763-46768 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
391 46856-46858 Chemical denotes HE
396 47748-47750 Chemical denotes HE
397 47398-47406 Disease denotes thrombus MESH:D013927
398 47863-47871 Disease denotes thrombus MESH:D013927
399 47345-47350 CellLine denotes PC-CT CVCL:B848
401 48286-48294 Disease denotes thrombus MESH:D013927
403 50358-50366 Chemical denotes paraffin MESH:D010232
412 51478-51485 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
413 51860-51868 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
414 52082-52090 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
415 52416-52423 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
416 52623-52630 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
417 52848-52853 Chemical denotes metal MESH:D008670
418 53043-53048 Chemical denotes Metal MESH:D008670
419 51851-51859 Disease denotes Covid-19 MESH:C000657245
421 53819-53826 Species denotes patient Tax:9606