PMC:7463108 / 9067-9977 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7463108","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7463108","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7463108","text":"15). Glycogen synthase kinase 3 α or β (GSK-3α/β; the pan antibody used in this study does not discern α from β isoforms) and/or cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (Cdk-5) are increased in the frontal and temporal cortices, the locus coeruleus, and the hippocampus, respectively, and correlate with microgliosis (Anthony et al. 2010). Further, more prolonged use increases the risk of accelerated age-related and even Alzheimer’s-like pathological changes (Ramage et al. 2005; Anthony et al. 2010; Kovacs et al. 2015) and cognitive impairment (Gruber et al. 2007).\nMoreover, heroin use is associated with symmetric T2 and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense white matter lesions of the CNS using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which coincide with increased microgliosis and inflammation at the same sites (Upadhyay et al. 2010; Bora et al. 2012; Qiu et al. 2013; Alaee et al. 2014; Li et al. 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