PMC:7456205 / 3949-5398
Annnotations
{"target":"http://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7456205","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7456205","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7456205","text":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed significant challenges to medical education and clinical care [4]. During this panademic period, we identified two main issues with direct ophthalmoscopy. First, as medical educators, we found it extremely challenging to teach direct ophthalmoscopy to medical students through videoconferencing platforms for a number of reasons, all of which we have outlined the reasons in an earlier publication [5]. In particular, learning to use a direct ophthalmoscope requires a substitute patient to practice on; when mandatory social distancing measures are in place, this is difficult to achieve. Furthermore, and more importantly, the examination is performed with the examiner’s own face in close proximity to the patient, requiring the examiner’s own cheek to be touching the patient’s cheek. Our group has recently reported, using ex vivo experiments, that the human conjunctiva is a potential major gateway for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) to enter the body [6]. This is a significant infection control issue in the context of a highly virulent and transmissible disease. While we do not believe that the pandemic will be the sole reason for the obsolescence of the direct ophthalmoscope, it presents medical educators and clinicians worldwide with the opportunity to identify better long-term solutions for fundus examination by non-ophthalmic 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