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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T62163","span":{"begin":440,"end":446},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T99304","span":{"begin":4731,"end":4737},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T15687","span":{"begin":5739,"end":5742},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T82516","span":{"begin":8579,"end":8584},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T67448","span":{"begin":8776,"end":8781},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A7802","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T62163","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7203"},{"id":"A96410","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T99304","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82737"},{"id":"A43630","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T15687","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683"},{"id":"A75116","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T82516","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma75035"},{"id":"A50805","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T67448","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma75035"}],"text":"1 HHS, Department of Health and Human Services; ICHNR, Interagency Committee on Human Nutrition Research; NA, not available; USAID, US Agency for International Development.\n2 There is no annual budget reporting for federal nutrition research and related activities so the footnotes indicate the activities and, where possible, the fiscal year associated with the estimate provided.\n3 The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Office of Nutrition Research. NIH Nutrition Research Task Force. Estimated Nutrition Research Funding, Fiscal Year 2019. Available at https://www.niddk.nih.gov/about-niddk/advisory-coordinating-committees/nih-nutrition-research-task-force (accessed 12 March 2020).\n4 The 2019 President's Budget—Agricultural Research Service. Available at https://www.obpa.usda.gov/18ars2019notes.pdf (accessed 19 March 2020).\n5 Specific Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) programs include Foundational and Applied Sciences [anticipated amount available for new grants in this fiscal year 2020 for this request for funding applications (RFAs) is ∼ $192.6 million], which includes 6 priority areas including the number 3 area, Food Safety Nutrition and Health, and the Nutrition program area priorities are Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases and Food and Human Health; Sustainable Agricultural Systems (anticipated amount available for new grants in this fiscal year 2020 for this RFA is ∼$90 million); and Education and Workforce Development (anticipated amount available for new grants in fiscal year 2019 for this RFA is ∼$29.166 million and this fiscal year 2020 has not been determined yet). Selected Higher Education Programs include Distance Education Grants Program for Institutions of Higher Education in Insular Areas (estimated total program funding: $800,000), Higher Education Challenge Grants (estimated total program funding: $4,500,000), and Hispanic-Serving Institutions Education Grants Program (estimated total program funding: $8,800,000). The 2018 Farm Bill increased mandatory commitments to the Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program up to $250 million over 5 y and estimated total funding for fiscal year 2019 projects was $41 million. In addition, the Community Food Projects Competitive Grant Program estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was ∼$4,800,000. Also relevant, the Women and Minorities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Fields Program (WAMS) estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was $400,000. There are other RFAs that solicit nutrition-relevant activities including work with the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) (estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was $68,440,680 to support program implementation by land-grant universities) and partnering with the USDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) on Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) by facilitating communication among federal, state, and local partners and providing programmatic leadership to cooperative extension/land-grant university program implementers for effective nutrition education and obesity-prevention interventions through the land-grant system in conjunction with other implementing agencies and organizations. The USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) also supports a range of other career development and training programs relevant to human nutrition research.\n6 For fiscal year 2020, overall FNS spending on federal nutrition assistance programs: $97.3 billion; estimated FNS spending on nutrition education and promotion: $1.2 billion [mostly Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)]; and estimated FNS spending on nutrition assistance-related research and analysis: $34 million [$14 million SNAP, $15 million Child Nutrition (CN), $5 million WIC]. For the Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion (CNPP), an estimate of ∼$6.6 million in fiscal year 2020 for nutrition evidence reviews, committee support, and Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)–related educational development. Congress provided CNPP a one-time allocation of $12.3 million in the fiscal year 2019 appropriations bill to complete the 2020–2025 DGA over the next 3 y.\n7 The CDC Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO) funds the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research Network (NOPREN) at $300,000 each year, which is their only dedicated research project out of the Obesity Branch. The Obesity Branch has 2 full-time employees (FTEs) dedicated to the epidemiology and surveillance of nutrition/obesity (e.g., fruits and vegetables, added sugars, water, food systems, obesity). The CDC's Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (CORD) Project 3.0 (2019–2024) is focused on childhood obesity weight-management program applied research and nutrition is a component but not considered traditional nutrition research. Five grants were awarded with a total budget of $12.5 million. The Infant Feeding Practices III (IFPS III) (2019–2026) study cost estimate is $3.4 million. The Nutrition Branch has 1 FTE dedicated to the IFPS III. Additional DNPAO funding goes towards other nutrition-relevant surveillance systems. The CDC Division of Population Health School Health Branch addresses nutrition, physical activity, and chronic health conditions in the school setting through research and programmatic activities. The following estimates reflect funds for nutrition-related research activities: 1) Contribution to the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) and School Health Profiles, which is administrated by the CDC's National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Division of Adolescent and School Health: $18,500 per year (this is the portion for nutrition topics). Also, 1.5 FTEs work on nutrition research including descriptive and analytic projects, research synthesis, and research translation. The School Health Branch also supports program evaluation relevant to nutrition estimated at 0.5 FTE and $100,000 per year in 1801 evaluation contract. There are other activities within the CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion that are relevant to nutrition and these activities likely account for a 5% estimate of non-DNPAO Divisions’ budgets (see the US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/programs-impact/budget/index.htm (accessed 27 April 2020). The total costs to conduct the NHANES in fiscal year 2019 was ∼$40 million. This does not include staff salaries or in-kind contributions for work such as laboratory processing or dietary data coding provided by other parts of the CDC or other agencies such as USDA. This also does not include nutrition-related support for the NHANES from outside the CDC. The nutrition-related NHANES activities attributable costs was ∼$8 million for fiscal year 2019.\n8 The US Government Accountability Office (GAO). Report to Congressional Requesters: Food Safety and Nutrition. FDA Can Build on Existing Efforts to Measure Progress and Implement Key Activities. GAO-18–174. January 2018. Available at https://www.gao.gov/assets/690/689796.pdf (accessed 26 February 2020).\n9 The largest resource for nutrition research is the Army, which received ∼$3.3 million in fiscal year 2020 for its intramural nutrition research program. The Army nutrition research program also seeks extramural support, which varies from year to year but in fiscal year 2020 is estimated to receive $1.4 million. The Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences is estimated to receive $750,000 per year for the next 3 y. Other services, including the Air Force and Navy, conduct nutrition research, although budgets vary and may depend upon extramural funding sources.\n10 The US Agency for International Development (USAID) Report to Congress on Health-Related Research and Development for Fiscal Year 2018. Available at https://www.usaid.gov/open/reports-congress (accessed 27 February 2020).\n11 USDA Economic Research Service (ERS) fiscal year 2019 budget was $87 million, which covered research led by 3 research divisions: market and trade economics, resource and rural economics, and food economics. The ERS does not have a more specific number for food, food security, and nutrition-relevant research. The Research Innovation and Development Grants in Economics (RIDGE) program was supported by USDA ERS and FNS; it awarded 8 grants in 2019 and will hold a conference to present findings from those awards in 2020 but has no further funding at this point. The RIDGE program has funded \u003e285 products at \u003e100 educational and research institutions during 1998–2019. USDA ERS and FNS have co-sponsored the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS-1); research grants for analysis of FoodAPS-1, and methodological research to develop FoodAPS-2, as well as a number of data development activities. Between 2013 and 2018, USDA FNS funded ∼50 cooperative research agreements and grants between the ERS researchers, university-based centers, and university-based researchers, tallying \u003e$3 million provided through the ERS. These agreements have covered wide ranging topics including food security, SNAP, WIC, School Meal Programs, promotion of healthier eating, and the food retail environment.\n12 There is a specific internal budget for the production of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs), which includes but is not limited to the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST's) food matrix items but there is not an exact estimate at this time for other nutrition research–relevant activities across the NIST. Relevant program descriptions indicating staff support and activities are available on the NIST website (see NIST. Measurements and Standards to Support Nutrition Labeling. Available at https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/measurements-and-standards-support-nutrition-labeling; accessed 27 April 2020). There is no current budget estimate for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) nutrition research relevant activities while current staff are actively engaged in this area.\n13 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) complete food capability roadmap is still under construction, and unfortunately it is not at liberty to share these budget details, but this is a high priority area.\n14 The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has not engaged in any research related to nutrition in recent years. Since about 2010, Congress prohibited the FTC from completing the study they were conducting with FDA, CDC, and USDA on nutrition standards for food marketing to children.\n15 There is no specific nutrition research budget as this work is mainly in-house analyses utilizing the NHANES data. Other groups within the Environmental Protection Agency such as the Office of Research and Development and the Office of Air and Radiation also rely on the NHANES, but these data are freely available and NHANES is not contracted with the CDC to collect.\n16 Nutrition is generally addressed in the context of larger initiatives, so it is not possible for the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to break out an accurate funding estimate."}

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":440,"end":446},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":3079,"end":3088},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A14","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113"},{"id":"A15","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000106"}],"text":"1 HHS, Department of Health and Human Services; ICHNR, Interagency Committee on Human Nutrition Research; NA, not available; USAID, US Agency for International Development.\n2 There is no annual budget reporting for federal nutrition research and related activities so the footnotes indicate the activities and, where possible, the fiscal year associated with the estimate provided.\n3 The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Office of Nutrition Research. NIH Nutrition Research Task Force. Estimated Nutrition Research Funding, Fiscal Year 2019. Available at https://www.niddk.nih.gov/about-niddk/advisory-coordinating-committees/nih-nutrition-research-task-force (accessed 12 March 2020).\n4 The 2019 President's Budget—Agricultural Research Service. Available at https://www.obpa.usda.gov/18ars2019notes.pdf (accessed 19 March 2020).\n5 Specific Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) programs include Foundational and Applied Sciences [anticipated amount available for new grants in this fiscal year 2020 for this request for funding applications (RFAs) is ∼ $192.6 million], which includes 6 priority areas including the number 3 area, Food Safety Nutrition and Health, and the Nutrition program area priorities are Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases and Food and Human Health; Sustainable Agricultural Systems (anticipated amount available for new grants in this fiscal year 2020 for this RFA is ∼$90 million); and Education and Workforce Development (anticipated amount available for new grants in fiscal year 2019 for this RFA is ∼$29.166 million and this fiscal year 2020 has not been determined yet). Selected Higher Education Programs include Distance Education Grants Program for Institutions of Higher Education in Insular Areas (estimated total program funding: $800,000), Higher Education Challenge Grants (estimated total program funding: $4,500,000), and Hispanic-Serving Institutions Education Grants Program (estimated total program funding: $8,800,000). The 2018 Farm Bill increased mandatory commitments to the Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program up to $250 million over 5 y and estimated total funding for fiscal year 2019 projects was $41 million. In addition, the Community Food Projects Competitive Grant Program estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was ∼$4,800,000. Also relevant, the Women and Minorities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Fields Program (WAMS) estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was $400,000. There are other RFAs that solicit nutrition-relevant activities including work with the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) (estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was $68,440,680 to support program implementation by land-grant universities) and partnering with the USDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) on Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) by facilitating communication among federal, state, and local partners and providing programmatic leadership to cooperative extension/land-grant university program implementers for effective nutrition education and obesity-prevention interventions through the land-grant system in conjunction with other implementing agencies and organizations. The USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) also supports a range of other career development and training programs relevant to human nutrition research.\n6 For fiscal year 2020, overall FNS spending on federal nutrition assistance programs: $97.3 billion; estimated FNS spending on nutrition education and promotion: $1.2 billion [mostly Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)]; and estimated FNS spending on nutrition assistance-related research and analysis: $34 million [$14 million SNAP, $15 million Child Nutrition (CN), $5 million WIC]. For the Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion (CNPP), an estimate of ∼$6.6 million in fiscal year 2020 for nutrition evidence reviews, committee support, and Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)–related educational development. Congress provided CNPP a one-time allocation of $12.3 million in the fiscal year 2019 appropriations bill to complete the 2020–2025 DGA over the next 3 y.\n7 The CDC Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO) funds the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research Network (NOPREN) at $300,000 each year, which is their only dedicated research project out of the Obesity Branch. The Obesity Branch has 2 full-time employees (FTEs) dedicated to the epidemiology and surveillance of nutrition/obesity (e.g., fruits and vegetables, added sugars, water, food systems, obesity). The CDC's Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (CORD) Project 3.0 (2019–2024) is focused on childhood obesity weight-management program applied research and nutrition is a component but not considered traditional nutrition research. Five grants were awarded with a total budget of $12.5 million. The Infant Feeding Practices III (IFPS III) (2019–2026) study cost estimate is $3.4 million. The Nutrition Branch has 1 FTE dedicated to the IFPS III. Additional DNPAO funding goes towards other nutrition-relevant surveillance systems. The CDC Division of Population Health School Health Branch addresses nutrition, physical activity, and chronic health conditions in the school setting through research and programmatic activities. The following estimates reflect funds for nutrition-related research activities: 1) Contribution to the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) and School Health Profiles, which is administrated by the CDC's National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Division of Adolescent and School Health: $18,500 per year (this is the portion for nutrition topics). Also, 1.5 FTEs work on nutrition research including descriptive and analytic projects, research synthesis, and research translation. The School Health Branch also supports program evaluation relevant to nutrition estimated at 0.5 FTE and $100,000 per year in 1801 evaluation contract. There are other activities within the CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion that are relevant to nutrition and these activities likely account for a 5% estimate of non-DNPAO Divisions’ budgets (see the US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/programs-impact/budget/index.htm (accessed 27 April 2020). The total costs to conduct the NHANES in fiscal year 2019 was ∼$40 million. This does not include staff salaries or in-kind contributions for work such as laboratory processing or dietary data coding provided by other parts of the CDC or other agencies such as USDA. This also does not include nutrition-related support for the NHANES from outside the CDC. The nutrition-related NHANES activities attributable costs was ∼$8 million for fiscal year 2019.\n8 The US Government Accountability Office (GAO). Report to Congressional Requesters: Food Safety and Nutrition. FDA Can Build on Existing Efforts to Measure Progress and Implement Key Activities. GAO-18–174. January 2018. Available at https://www.gao.gov/assets/690/689796.pdf (accessed 26 February 2020).\n9 The largest resource for nutrition research is the Army, which received ∼$3.3 million in fiscal year 2020 for its intramural nutrition research program. The Army nutrition research program also seeks extramural support, which varies from year to year but in fiscal year 2020 is estimated to receive $1.4 million. The Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences is estimated to receive $750,000 per year for the next 3 y. Other services, including the Air Force and Navy, conduct nutrition research, although budgets vary and may depend upon extramural funding sources.\n10 The US Agency for International Development (USAID) Report to Congress on Health-Related Research and Development for Fiscal Year 2018. Available at https://www.usaid.gov/open/reports-congress (accessed 27 February 2020).\n11 USDA Economic Research Service (ERS) fiscal year 2019 budget was $87 million, which covered research led by 3 research divisions: market and trade economics, resource and rural economics, and food economics. The ERS does not have a more specific number for food, food security, and nutrition-relevant research. The Research Innovation and Development Grants in Economics (RIDGE) program was supported by USDA ERS and FNS; it awarded 8 grants in 2019 and will hold a conference to present findings from those awards in 2020 but has no further funding at this point. The RIDGE program has funded \u003e285 products at \u003e100 educational and research institutions during 1998–2019. USDA ERS and FNS have co-sponsored the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS-1); research grants for analysis of FoodAPS-1, and methodological research to develop FoodAPS-2, as well as a number of data development activities. Between 2013 and 2018, USDA FNS funded ∼50 cooperative research agreements and grants between the ERS researchers, university-based centers, and university-based researchers, tallying \u003e$3 million provided through the ERS. These agreements have covered wide ranging topics including food security, SNAP, WIC, School Meal Programs, promotion of healthier eating, and the food retail environment.\n12 There is a specific internal budget for the production of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs), which includes but is not limited to the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST's) food matrix items but there is not an exact estimate at this time for other nutrition research–relevant activities across the NIST. Relevant program descriptions indicating staff support and activities are available on the NIST website (see NIST. Measurements and Standards to Support Nutrition Labeling. Available at https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/measurements-and-standards-support-nutrition-labeling; accessed 27 April 2020). There is no current budget estimate for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) nutrition research relevant activities while current staff are actively engaged in this area.\n13 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) complete food capability roadmap is still under construction, and unfortunately it is not at liberty to share these budget details, but this is a high priority area.\n14 The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has not engaged in any research related to nutrition in recent years. Since about 2010, Congress prohibited the FTC from completing the study they were conducting with FDA, CDC, and USDA on nutrition standards for food marketing to children.\n15 There is no specific nutrition research budget as this work is mainly in-house analyses utilizing the NHANES data. Other groups within the Environmental Protection Agency such as the Office of Research and Development and the Office of Air and Radiation also rely on the NHANES, but these data are freely available and NHANES is not contracted with the CDC to collect.\n16 Nutrition is generally addressed in the context of larger initiatives, so it is not possible for the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to break out an accurate funding estimate."}

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

LitCovid-PD-CLO

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":3,"end":6},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":107,"end":109},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T58954","span":{"begin":2946,"end":2950},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T62147","span":{"begin":3697,"end":3701},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T57161","span":{"begin":3894,"end":3898},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T80380","span":{"begin":4739,"end":4744},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T23221","span":{"begin":9429,"end":9433},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A66","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T66","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_88937"},{"id":"A67","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T67","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33696"},{"id":"A65206","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T58954","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77702"},{"id":"A81336","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T62147","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77702"},{"id":"A94990","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T57161","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77702"},{"id":"A30498","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T80380","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377"},{"id":"A70953","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T23221","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_77702"}],"text":"1 HHS, Department of Health and Human Services; ICHNR, Interagency Committee on Human Nutrition Research; NA, not available; USAID, US Agency for International Development.\n2 There is no annual budget reporting for federal nutrition research and related activities so the footnotes indicate the activities and, where possible, the fiscal year associated with the estimate provided.\n3 The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Office of Nutrition Research. NIH Nutrition Research Task Force. Estimated Nutrition Research Funding, Fiscal Year 2019. Available at https://www.niddk.nih.gov/about-niddk/advisory-coordinating-committees/nih-nutrition-research-task-force (accessed 12 March 2020).\n4 The 2019 President's Budget—Agricultural Research Service. Available at https://www.obpa.usda.gov/18ars2019notes.pdf (accessed 19 March 2020).\n5 Specific Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) programs include Foundational and Applied Sciences [anticipated amount available for new grants in this fiscal year 2020 for this request for funding applications (RFAs) is ∼ $192.6 million], which includes 6 priority areas including the number 3 area, Food Safety Nutrition and Health, and the Nutrition program area priorities are Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases and Food and Human Health; Sustainable Agricultural Systems (anticipated amount available for new grants in this fiscal year 2020 for this RFA is ∼$90 million); and Education and Workforce Development (anticipated amount available for new grants in fiscal year 2019 for this RFA is ∼$29.166 million and this fiscal year 2020 has not been determined yet). Selected Higher Education Programs include Distance Education Grants Program for Institutions of Higher Education in Insular Areas (estimated total program funding: $800,000), Higher Education Challenge Grants (estimated total program funding: $4,500,000), and Hispanic-Serving Institutions Education Grants Program (estimated total program funding: $8,800,000). The 2018 Farm Bill increased mandatory commitments to the Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program up to $250 million over 5 y and estimated total funding for fiscal year 2019 projects was $41 million. In addition, the Community Food Projects Competitive Grant Program estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was ∼$4,800,000. Also relevant, the Women and Minorities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Fields Program (WAMS) estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was $400,000. There are other RFAs that solicit nutrition-relevant activities including work with the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) (estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was $68,440,680 to support program implementation by land-grant universities) and partnering with the USDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) on Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) by facilitating communication among federal, state, and local partners and providing programmatic leadership to cooperative extension/land-grant university program implementers for effective nutrition education and obesity-prevention interventions through the land-grant system in conjunction with other implementing agencies and organizations. The USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) also supports a range of other career development and training programs relevant to human nutrition research.\n6 For fiscal year 2020, overall FNS spending on federal nutrition assistance programs: $97.3 billion; estimated FNS spending on nutrition education and promotion: $1.2 billion [mostly Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)]; and estimated FNS spending on nutrition assistance-related research and analysis: $34 million [$14 million SNAP, $15 million Child Nutrition (CN), $5 million WIC]. For the Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion (CNPP), an estimate of ∼$6.6 million in fiscal year 2020 for nutrition evidence reviews, committee support, and Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)–related educational development. Congress provided CNPP a one-time allocation of $12.3 million in the fiscal year 2019 appropriations bill to complete the 2020–2025 DGA over the next 3 y.\n7 The CDC Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO) funds the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research Network (NOPREN) at $300,000 each year, which is their only dedicated research project out of the Obesity Branch. The Obesity Branch has 2 full-time employees (FTEs) dedicated to the epidemiology and surveillance of nutrition/obesity (e.g., fruits and vegetables, added sugars, water, food systems, obesity). The CDC's Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (CORD) Project 3.0 (2019–2024) is focused on childhood obesity weight-management program applied research and nutrition is a component but not considered traditional nutrition research. Five grants were awarded with a total budget of $12.5 million. The Infant Feeding Practices III (IFPS III) (2019–2026) study cost estimate is $3.4 million. The Nutrition Branch has 1 FTE dedicated to the IFPS III. Additional DNPAO funding goes towards other nutrition-relevant surveillance systems. The CDC Division of Population Health School Health Branch addresses nutrition, physical activity, and chronic health conditions in the school setting through research and programmatic activities. The following estimates reflect funds for nutrition-related research activities: 1) Contribution to the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) and School Health Profiles, which is administrated by the CDC's National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Division of Adolescent and School Health: $18,500 per year (this is the portion for nutrition topics). Also, 1.5 FTEs work on nutrition research including descriptive and analytic projects, research synthesis, and research translation. The School Health Branch also supports program evaluation relevant to nutrition estimated at 0.5 FTE and $100,000 per year in 1801 evaluation contract. There are other activities within the CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion that are relevant to nutrition and these activities likely account for a 5% estimate of non-DNPAO Divisions’ budgets (see the US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/programs-impact/budget/index.htm (accessed 27 April 2020). The total costs to conduct the NHANES in fiscal year 2019 was ∼$40 million. This does not include staff salaries or in-kind contributions for work such as laboratory processing or dietary data coding provided by other parts of the CDC or other agencies such as USDA. This also does not include nutrition-related support for the NHANES from outside the CDC. The nutrition-related NHANES activities attributable costs was ∼$8 million for fiscal year 2019.\n8 The US Government Accountability Office (GAO). Report to Congressional Requesters: Food Safety and Nutrition. FDA Can Build on Existing Efforts to Measure Progress and Implement Key Activities. GAO-18–174. January 2018. Available at https://www.gao.gov/assets/690/689796.pdf (accessed 26 February 2020).\n9 The largest resource for nutrition research is the Army, which received ∼$3.3 million in fiscal year 2020 for its intramural nutrition research program. The Army nutrition research program also seeks extramural support, which varies from year to year but in fiscal year 2020 is estimated to receive $1.4 million. The Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences is estimated to receive $750,000 per year for the next 3 y. Other services, including the Air Force and Navy, conduct nutrition research, although budgets vary and may depend upon extramural funding sources.\n10 The US Agency for International Development (USAID) Report to Congress on Health-Related Research and Development for Fiscal Year 2018. Available at https://www.usaid.gov/open/reports-congress (accessed 27 February 2020).\n11 USDA Economic Research Service (ERS) fiscal year 2019 budget was $87 million, which covered research led by 3 research divisions: market and trade economics, resource and rural economics, and food economics. The ERS does not have a more specific number for food, food security, and nutrition-relevant research. The Research Innovation and Development Grants in Economics (RIDGE) program was supported by USDA ERS and FNS; it awarded 8 grants in 2019 and will hold a conference to present findings from those awards in 2020 but has no further funding at this point. The RIDGE program has funded \u003e285 products at \u003e100 educational and research institutions during 1998–2019. USDA ERS and FNS have co-sponsored the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS-1); research grants for analysis of FoodAPS-1, and methodological research to develop FoodAPS-2, as well as a number of data development activities. Between 2013 and 2018, USDA FNS funded ∼50 cooperative research agreements and grants between the ERS researchers, university-based centers, and university-based researchers, tallying \u003e$3 million provided through the ERS. These agreements have covered wide ranging topics including food security, SNAP, WIC, School Meal Programs, promotion of healthier eating, and the food retail environment.\n12 There is a specific internal budget for the production of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs), which includes but is not limited to the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST's) food matrix items but there is not an exact estimate at this time for other nutrition research–relevant activities across the NIST. Relevant program descriptions indicating staff support and activities are available on the NIST website (see NIST. Measurements and Standards to Support Nutrition Labeling. Available at https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/measurements-and-standards-support-nutrition-labeling; accessed 27 April 2020). There is no current budget estimate for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) nutrition research relevant activities while current staff are actively engaged in this area.\n13 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) complete food capability roadmap is still under construction, and unfortunately it is not at liberty to share these budget details, but this is a high priority area.\n14 The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has not engaged in any research related to nutrition in recent years. Since about 2010, Congress prohibited the FTC from completing the study they were conducting with FDA, CDC, and USDA on nutrition standards for food marketing to children.\n15 There is no specific nutrition research budget as this work is mainly in-house analyses utilizing the NHANES data. Other groups within the Environmental Protection Agency such as the Office of Research and Development and the Office of Air and Radiation also rely on the NHANES, but these data are freely available and NHANES is not contracted with the CDC to collect.\n16 Nutrition is generally addressed in the context of larger initiatives, so it is not possible for the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to break out an accurate funding estimate."}

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":5618,"end":5626},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":5988,"end":5997},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":6012,"end":6023},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":9485,"end":9491},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007631"}],"text":"1 HHS, Department of Health and Human Services; ICHNR, Interagency Committee on Human Nutrition Research; NA, not available; USAID, US Agency for International Development.\n2 There is no annual budget reporting for federal nutrition research and related activities so the footnotes indicate the activities and, where possible, the fiscal year associated with the estimate provided.\n3 The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Office of Nutrition Research. NIH Nutrition Research Task Force. Estimated Nutrition Research Funding, Fiscal Year 2019. Available at https://www.niddk.nih.gov/about-niddk/advisory-coordinating-committees/nih-nutrition-research-task-force (accessed 12 March 2020).\n4 The 2019 President's Budget—Agricultural Research Service. Available at https://www.obpa.usda.gov/18ars2019notes.pdf (accessed 19 March 2020).\n5 Specific Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) programs include Foundational and Applied Sciences [anticipated amount available for new grants in this fiscal year 2020 for this request for funding applications (RFAs) is ∼ $192.6 million], which includes 6 priority areas including the number 3 area, Food Safety Nutrition and Health, and the Nutrition program area priorities are Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases and Food and Human Health; Sustainable Agricultural Systems (anticipated amount available for new grants in this fiscal year 2020 for this RFA is ∼$90 million); and Education and Workforce Development (anticipated amount available for new grants in fiscal year 2019 for this RFA is ∼$29.166 million and this fiscal year 2020 has not been determined yet). Selected Higher Education Programs include Distance Education Grants Program for Institutions of Higher Education in Insular Areas (estimated total program funding: $800,000), Higher Education Challenge Grants (estimated total program funding: $4,500,000), and Hispanic-Serving Institutions Education Grants Program (estimated total program funding: $8,800,000). The 2018 Farm Bill increased mandatory commitments to the Gus Schumacher Nutrition Incentive Program up to $250 million over 5 y and estimated total funding for fiscal year 2019 projects was $41 million. In addition, the Community Food Projects Competitive Grant Program estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was ∼$4,800,000. Also relevant, the Women and Minorities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Fields Program (WAMS) estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was $400,000. There are other RFAs that solicit nutrition-relevant activities including work with the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) (estimated total program funding in fiscal year 2019 was $68,440,680 to support program implementation by land-grant universities) and partnering with the USDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) on Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) by facilitating communication among federal, state, and local partners and providing programmatic leadership to cooperative extension/land-grant university program implementers for effective nutrition education and obesity-prevention interventions through the land-grant system in conjunction with other implementing agencies and organizations. The USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) also supports a range of other career development and training programs relevant to human nutrition research.\n6 For fiscal year 2020, overall FNS spending on federal nutrition assistance programs: $97.3 billion; estimated FNS spending on nutrition education and promotion: $1.2 billion [mostly Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)]; and estimated FNS spending on nutrition assistance-related research and analysis: $34 million [$14 million SNAP, $15 million Child Nutrition (CN), $5 million WIC]. For the Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion (CNPP), an estimate of ∼$6.6 million in fiscal year 2020 for nutrition evidence reviews, committee support, and Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)–related educational development. Congress provided CNPP a one-time allocation of $12.3 million in the fiscal year 2019 appropriations bill to complete the 2020–2025 DGA over the next 3 y.\n7 The CDC Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO) funds the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research Network (NOPREN) at $300,000 each year, which is their only dedicated research project out of the Obesity Branch. The Obesity Branch has 2 full-time employees (FTEs) dedicated to the epidemiology and surveillance of nutrition/obesity (e.g., fruits and vegetables, added sugars, water, food systems, obesity). The CDC's Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration (CORD) Project 3.0 (2019–2024) is focused on childhood obesity weight-management program applied research and nutrition is a component but not considered traditional nutrition research. Five grants were awarded with a total budget of $12.5 million. The Infant Feeding Practices III (IFPS III) (2019–2026) study cost estimate is $3.4 million. The Nutrition Branch has 1 FTE dedicated to the IFPS III. Additional DNPAO funding goes towards other nutrition-relevant surveillance systems. The CDC Division of Population Health School Health Branch addresses nutrition, physical activity, and chronic health conditions in the school setting through research and programmatic activities. The following estimates reflect funds for nutrition-related research activities: 1) Contribution to the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) and School Health Profiles, which is administrated by the CDC's National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention Division of Adolescent and School Health: $18,500 per year (this is the portion for nutrition topics). Also, 1.5 FTEs work on nutrition research including descriptive and analytic projects, research synthesis, and research translation. The School Health Branch also supports program evaluation relevant to nutrition estimated at 0.5 FTE and $100,000 per year in 1801 evaluation contract. There are other activities within the CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion that are relevant to nutrition and these activities likely account for a 5% estimate of non-DNPAO Divisions’ budgets (see the US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/chronicdisease/programs-impact/budget/index.htm (accessed 27 April 2020). The total costs to conduct the NHANES in fiscal year 2019 was ∼$40 million. This does not include staff salaries or in-kind contributions for work such as laboratory processing or dietary data coding provided by other parts of the CDC or other agencies such as USDA. This also does not include nutrition-related support for the NHANES from outside the CDC. The nutrition-related NHANES activities attributable costs was ∼$8 million for fiscal year 2019.\n8 The US Government Accountability Office (GAO). Report to Congressional Requesters: Food Safety and Nutrition. FDA Can Build on Existing Efforts to Measure Progress and Implement Key Activities. GAO-18–174. January 2018. Available at https://www.gao.gov/assets/690/689796.pdf (accessed 26 February 2020).\n9 The largest resource for nutrition research is the Army, which received ∼$3.3 million in fiscal year 2020 for its intramural nutrition research program. The Army nutrition research program also seeks extramural support, which varies from year to year but in fiscal year 2020 is estimated to receive $1.4 million. The Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences is estimated to receive $750,000 per year for the next 3 y. Other services, including the Air Force and Navy, conduct nutrition research, although budgets vary and may depend upon extramural funding sources.\n10 The US Agency for International Development (USAID) Report to Congress on Health-Related Research and Development for Fiscal Year 2018. Available at https://www.usaid.gov/open/reports-congress (accessed 27 February 2020).\n11 USDA Economic Research Service (ERS) fiscal year 2019 budget was $87 million, which covered research led by 3 research divisions: market and trade economics, resource and rural economics, and food economics. The ERS does not have a more specific number for food, food security, and nutrition-relevant research. The Research Innovation and Development Grants in Economics (RIDGE) program was supported by USDA ERS and FNS; it awarded 8 grants in 2019 and will hold a conference to present findings from those awards in 2020 but has no further funding at this point. The RIDGE program has funded \u003e285 products at \u003e100 educational and research institutions during 1998–2019. USDA ERS and FNS have co-sponsored the National Household Food Acquisition and Purchase Survey (FoodAPS-1); research grants for analysis of FoodAPS-1, and methodological research to develop FoodAPS-2, as well as a number of data development activities. Between 2013 and 2018, USDA FNS funded ∼50 cooperative research agreements and grants between the ERS researchers, university-based centers, and university-based researchers, tallying \u003e$3 million provided through the ERS. These agreements have covered wide ranging topics including food security, SNAP, WIC, School Meal Programs, promotion of healthier eating, and the food retail environment.\n12 There is a specific internal budget for the production of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs), which includes but is not limited to the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST's) food matrix items but there is not an exact estimate at this time for other nutrition research–relevant activities across the NIST. Relevant program descriptions indicating staff support and activities are available on the NIST website (see NIST. Measurements and Standards to Support Nutrition Labeling. Available at https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/measurements-and-standards-support-nutrition-labeling; accessed 27 April 2020). There is no current budget estimate for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) nutrition research relevant activities while current staff are actively engaged in this area.\n13 The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA's) complete food capability roadmap is still under construction, and unfortunately it is not at liberty to share these budget details, but this is a high priority area.\n14 The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has not engaged in any research related to nutrition in recent years. Since about 2010, Congress prohibited the FTC from completing the study they were conducting with FDA, CDC, and USDA on nutrition standards for food marketing to children.\n15 There is no specific nutrition research budget as this work is mainly in-house analyses utilizing the NHANES data. Other groups within the Environmental Protection Agency such as the Office of Research and Development and the Office of Air and Radiation also rely on the NHANES, but these data are freely available and NHANES is not contracted with the CDC to collect.\n16 Nutrition is generally addressed in the context of larger initiatives, so it is not possible for the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) to break out an accurate funding estimate."}

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