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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T128 382-390 Body_part denotes endosome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67180
T129 1120-1124 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T130 2387-2391 Body_part denotes milk http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62100

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T23 2387-2391 Body_part denotes milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001913

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T159 31-39 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T160 259-267 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T161 556-564 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T162 672-680 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T163 708-716 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T164 811-819 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T165 918-926 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T166 1096-1101 Disease denotes Ebola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005737
T167 1244-1255 Disease denotes chikungunya http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017941
T168 1311-1320 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T169 1458-1466 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T170 1504-1512 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T171 1882-1890 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T172 2158-2166 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T173 2472-2480 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T174 2483-2492 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T175 2872-2880 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T176 3007-3015 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T177 3131-3139 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T285 203-213 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activities
T286 423-431 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T287 469-477 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T288 532-533 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T289 566-567 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T290 723-725 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T291 784-792 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T292 1102-1107 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T293 1108-1124 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity in cell
T294 1168-1174 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T295 1207-1210 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T296 1256-1261 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T297 1279-1285 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T298 1847-1849 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T299 1852-1853 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T300 2282-2283 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T301 2339-2347 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T302 2410-2416 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T303 2641-2646 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T304 2781-2782 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T409 172-174 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T410 325-327 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T411 614-616 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T412 796-798 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T413 872-874 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T414 1084-1086 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T415 1204-1206 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T416 1481-1483 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T417 2211-2213 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T418 2309-2311 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T419 2434-2436 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T420 2610-2622 Chemical denotes azithromycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2955
T421 2745-2747 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T422 2783-2792 Chemical denotes macrolide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25106
T423 2983-2985 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T424 3063-3074 Chemical denotes application http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232
T425 3078-3080 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T426 3121-3126 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888

LitCovid-sample-MedDRA

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue meddra_id
T22 1125-1132 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes culture http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10061447
T23 2540-2552 http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10022891 denotes investigated http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/MEDDRA/10062026

LitCovid-sample-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T240 172-174 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T241 325-327 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T242 614-616 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T243 796-798 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T244 872-874 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T245 1084-1086 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T246 1204-1206 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T247 1481-1483 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T248 2211-2213 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T249 2309-2311 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T250 2434-2436 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T251 2610-2622 Chemical denotes azithromycin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2955
T252 2745-2747 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T253 2783-2792 Chemical denotes macrolide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25106
T254 2983-2985 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T255 3078-3080 Chemical denotes CQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638

LitCovid-sample-PD-NCBITaxon

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue ncbi_taxonomy_id
T139 31-39 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T140 259-269 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 NCBItxid:2697049
T141 556-564 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T142 672-680 Species denotes SARS-CoV NCBItxid:694009
T143 690-698 Species denotes MERS-CoV NCBItxid:1335626
T144 708-718 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 NCBItxid:2697049
T145 811-821 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 NCBItxid:2697049
T146 918-926 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T147 1096-1107 Species denotes Ebola virus NCBItxid:1570291
T148 1244-1261 Species denotes chikungunya virus NCBItxid:37124
T149 1458-1466 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T150 1504-1512 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T151 1882-1890 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T152 2158-2166 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T153 2284-2290 Species denotes rodent NCBItxid:9989
T154 2329-2338 Species denotes HCoV-OC43 NCBItxid:31631
T155 2410-2416 Species denotes humans NCBItxid:9605
T156 2472-2482 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 NCBItxid:2697049
T157 2872-2880 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T158 3007-3015 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049
T159 3131-3139 Species denotes COVID-19 NCBItxid:2697049

LitCovid-sample-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T265 0-2 Sentence denotes 7.
T266 4-14 Sentence denotes Discussion
T267 15-73 Sentence denotes At present, the COVID-19 pandemic is continuing worldwide.
T268 74-171 Sentence denotes It is still an urgent need to find effective therapies and vaccines for treatment and prevention.
T269 172-298 Sentence denotes CQ/HCQ have diverse biological activities, and their mechanisms against CoVs including SARS-CoV-2 are not yet fully clarified.
T270 299-478 Sentence denotes Current studies show that CQ/HCQ can prevent receptor recognition by CoVs, inhibit endosome acidification, which interferes membrane fusion, and exhibit immunomodulatory activity.
T271 479-565 Sentence denotes These multiple mechanisms may work together to exert a therapeutic effect on COVID-19.
T272 566-727 Sentence denotes A number of in vitro studies have revealed that CQ/HCQ have inhibitory effects on various CoVs, including SARS-CoV [12,13], MERS-CoV [10] and SARS-CoV-2 [16–18].
T273 728-830 Sentence denotes However, conflicting results also exist on the in vitro activity of CQ/HCQ against SARS-CoV-2 [17,18].
T274 831-1045 Sentence denotes Several clinical studies have shown that CQ/HCQ may alleviate the clinical symptoms of COVID-19, promote viral conversion, and delay the progression of the disease, with less serious adverse effects [48,50,57,58,].
T275 1046-1190 Sentence denotes However, previous studies showed that CQ had anti-Ebola virus activity in cell culture, but it had conflicting results in animal models [71,72].
T276 1191-1355 Sentence denotes In addition, CQ has shown beneficial results against chikungunya virus in vitro, but in animal models it aggravates the infection and lacks therapeutic effect [73].
T277 1356-1601 Sentence denotes More importantly, in recent studies the use of HCQ did not show any favorable effect on patients with COVID-19 and high-dose CQ treatment of severe COVID-19 patients may even increase the risks of mortality and QTc interval prolongation [49,55].
T278 1602-1689 Sentence denotes In addition, the optimal daily dose and duration of treatment course are not yet clear.
T279 1690-1851 Sentence denotes One study suggested that the dose of HCQ should be 400 mg/2 times for 1 day, 200 mg/2 times/day for 4 days based on the physiological pharmacokinetic model [18].
T280 1852-2188 Sentence denotes A prospective study of HCQ on COVID-19 patients (13 cases) admitted to the ICU in France showed that the first daily dose of 800 mg/1 time for 1 day, and 200 mg/2 times/day for 7 days was recommended to maintain the HCQ treatment level (1–2 mg/l) based on physiologically pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models for COVID-19 patients in ICU [67].
T281 2189-2281 Sentence denotes Whether the dosage of CQ or HCQ should be varied according disease severity is also unclear.
T282 2282-2397 Sentence denotes A rodent study showed that CQ could exert anti-HCoV-OC43 activity transplacentally or by way of maternal milk [14].
T283 2398-2553 Sentence denotes However, in humans, the efficacy of CQ in the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection to both the mother and the child remains to be investigated.
T284 2554-2731 Sentence denotes Clinical trials in France showed that HCQ combined with azithromycin could enhance the virus clearance [50], but the subsequent reports did not support this combination [59,61].
T285 2732-2902 Sentence denotes Furthermore, CQ/HCQ alone or in combination with a macrolide induced high rate of adverse effects, especially prolonged QTc, in the use for COVID-19 treatment [61,68,69].
T286 2903-3246 Sentence denotes Therefore, current data are not sufficient enough to support the routine use of CQ/HCQ as therapies for COVID-19 and increasing caution should be taken for the application of CQ/HCQ, alone or in combination with other drugs, in COVID-19 before the conclusive findings are obtained by well-designed, multicenter, randomized, controlled studies.

LitCovid-sample-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T21 2387-2391 Body_part denotes milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001913

LitCovid-sample-Pubtator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue pubann:denotes
1478 872-878 Gene denotes CQ/HCQ
1479 796-802 Gene denotes CQ/HCQ
1480 244-248 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1481 259-269 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1482 368-372 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1483 656-660 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1484 672-680 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1487 811-821 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1488 1244-1261 Species denotes chikungunya virus Tax:37124
1489 1444-1452 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
1490 1513-1521 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
1491 1891-1899 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
1492 2167-2175 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
1493 2410-2416 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1494 2520-2525 Species denotes child Tax:9606
1495 1096-1101 Species denotes Ebola Tax:1570291
1496 2329-2338 Species denotes HCoV-OC43 Tax:31631
1497 172-178 Chemical denotes CQ/HCQ
1498 325-331 Chemical denotes CQ/HCQ
1499 614-616 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1500 617-620 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1501 1084-1086 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1502 1204-1206 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1503 1403-1406 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1504 1481-1483 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1505 1727-1730 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1506 1875-1878 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1507 2068-2071 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1508 2211-2213 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1509 2217-2220 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1510 2309-2311 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1511 2434-2436 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1512 2592-2595 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1513 2610-2622 Chemical denotes azithromycin MESH:D017963
1514 2745-2751 Chemical denotes CQ/HCQ
1515 2783-2792 Chemical denotes macrolide MESH:D018942
1516 2983-2985 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1517 2986-2989 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1518 3078-3080 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1519 3081-3084 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1520 31-39 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1521 556-564 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1522 918-926 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1523 1311-1320 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
1524 1458-1466 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1525 1504-1512 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1526 1553-1562 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
1527 1567-1592 Disease denotes QTc interval prolongation MESH:D008133
1528 1882-1890 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1529 2158-2166 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1530 2472-2492 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
1531 2872-2880 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1532 3007-3015 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1533 3131-3139 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
690 2748-2751 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
695 2986-2989 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
719 3131-3139 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-sample-PD-IDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T147 906-914 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000020 denotes symptoms
T148 987-994 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 denotes disease
T149 1102-1107 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T150 1120-1124 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000 denotes cell
T151 1256-1261 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T152 1311-1320 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000586 denotes infection
T153 2248-2255 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 denotes disease
T154 2483-2492 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000586 denotes infection
T155 2641-2646 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus

LitCovid-sample-PD-FMA

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T127 382-390 Body_part denotes endosome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67180
T128 1120-1124 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T129 2387-2391 Body_part denotes milk http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62100

LitCovid-sample-PD-GO-BP-0

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T77 391-404 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045851 denotes acidification
T78 423-438 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061025 denotes membrane fusion

LitCovid-sample-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T151 31-39 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T152 259-269 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T153 556-564 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T154 672-680 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T155 708-718 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T156 811-821 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T157 918-926 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T158 1096-1101 Disease denotes Ebola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005737
T159 1244-1255 Disease denotes chikungunya http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017941
T160 1311-1320 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T161 1458-1466 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T162 1504-1512 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T163 1882-1890 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T164 2158-2166 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T165 2472-2482 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T166 2483-2492 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T167 2872-2880 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T168 3007-3015 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T169 3131-3139 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096

LitCovid-sample-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T68 391-404 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045851 denotes acidification
T69 423-438 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061025 denotes membrane fusion

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T64 391-404 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045851 denotes acidification
T65 423-438 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061025 denotes membrane fusion

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
690 2748-2751 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1478 872-878 Gene denotes CQ/HCQ
1479 796-802 Gene denotes CQ/HCQ
1480 244-248 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1481 259-269 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1482 368-372 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1483 656-660 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1484 672-680 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1485 690-698 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
1486 708-718 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1487 811-821 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1488 1244-1261 Species denotes chikungunya virus Tax:37124
1489 1444-1452 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
1490 1513-1521 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
1491 1891-1899 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
1492 2167-2175 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
1493 2410-2416 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1494 2520-2525 Species denotes child Tax:9606
1495 1096-1101 Species denotes Ebola Tax:1570291
1496 2329-2338 Species denotes HCoV-OC43 Tax:31631
1497 172-178 Chemical denotes CQ/HCQ
1498 325-331 Chemical denotes CQ/HCQ
1499 614-616 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1500 617-620 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1501 1084-1086 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1502 1204-1206 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1503 1403-1406 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1504 1481-1483 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1505 1727-1730 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1506 1875-1878 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1507 2068-2071 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1508 2211-2213 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1509 2217-2220 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1510 2309-2311 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1511 2434-2436 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1512 2592-2595 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1513 2610-2622 Chemical denotes azithromycin MESH:D017963
1514 2745-3084 Chemical denotes CQ/HCQ alone or in combination with a macrolide induced high rate of adverse effects, especially prolonged QTc, in the use for COVID-19 treatment [61,68,69]. Therefore, current data are not sufficient enough to support the routine use of CQ/HCQ as therapies for COVID-19 and increasing caution should be taken for the application of CQ/HCQ
1515 2794-2803 Chemical denotes nduced hi MESH:D018942
1516 2983-2985 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1517 2986-2989 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1518 3078-3080 Chemical denotes CQ MESH:D002738
1519 3081-3084 Chemical denotes HCQ MESH:D006886
1520 31-39 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1521 556-564 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1522 918-926 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1523 1311-1320 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
1524 1458-1466 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1525 1504-1512 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1526 1553-1562 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
1527 1567-1592 Disease denotes QTc interval prolongation MESH:D008133
1528 1882-1890 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1529 2158-2166 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1530 2472-2492 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
1531 2883-2891 Disease denotes eatment MESH:C000657245
1532 3007-3015 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1533 3131-3139 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T265 0-2 Sentence denotes 7.
T266 4-14 Sentence denotes Discussion
T267 15-73 Sentence denotes At present, the COVID-19 pandemic is continuing worldwide.
T268 74-171 Sentence denotes It is still an urgent need to find effective therapies and vaccines for treatment and prevention.
T269 172-298 Sentence denotes CQ/HCQ have diverse biological activities, and their mechanisms against CoVs including SARS-CoV-2 are not yet fully clarified.
T270 299-478 Sentence denotes Current studies show that CQ/HCQ can prevent receptor recognition by CoVs, inhibit endosome acidification, which interferes membrane fusion, and exhibit immunomodulatory activity.
T271 479-565 Sentence denotes These multiple mechanisms may work together to exert a therapeutic effect on COVID-19.
T272 566-727 Sentence denotes A number of in vitro studies have revealed that CQ/HCQ have inhibitory effects on various CoVs, including SARS-CoV [12,13], MERS-CoV [10] and SARS-CoV-2 [16–18].
T273 728-830 Sentence denotes However, conflicting results also exist on the in vitro activity of CQ/HCQ against SARS-CoV-2 [17,18].
T274 831-1045 Sentence denotes Several clinical studies have shown that CQ/HCQ may alleviate the clinical symptoms of COVID-19, promote viral conversion, and delay the progression of the disease, with less serious adverse effects [48,50,57,58,].
T275 1046-1190 Sentence denotes However, previous studies showed that CQ had anti-Ebola virus activity in cell culture, but it had conflicting results in animal models [71,72].
T276 1191-1355 Sentence denotes In addition, CQ has shown beneficial results against chikungunya virus in vitro, but in animal models it aggravates the infection and lacks therapeutic effect [73].
T277 1356-1601 Sentence denotes More importantly, in recent studies the use of HCQ did not show any favorable effect on patients with COVID-19 and high-dose CQ treatment of severe COVID-19 patients may even increase the risks of mortality and QTc interval prolongation [49,55].
T278 1602-1689 Sentence denotes In addition, the optimal daily dose and duration of treatment course are not yet clear.
T279 1690-1851 Sentence denotes One study suggested that the dose of HCQ should be 400 mg/2 times for 1 day, 200 mg/2 times/day for 4 days based on the physiological pharmacokinetic model [18].
T280 1852-2188 Sentence denotes A prospective study of HCQ on COVID-19 patients (13 cases) admitted to the ICU in France showed that the first daily dose of 800 mg/1 time for 1 day, and 200 mg/2 times/day for 7 days was recommended to maintain the HCQ treatment level (1–2 mg/l) based on physiologically pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models for COVID-19 patients in ICU [67].
T281 2189-2281 Sentence denotes Whether the dosage of CQ or HCQ should be varied according disease severity is also unclear.
T282 2282-2397 Sentence denotes A rodent study showed that CQ could exert anti-HCoV-OC43 activity transplacentally or by way of maternal milk [14].
T283 2398-2553 Sentence denotes However, in humans, the efficacy of CQ in the prevention and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection to both the mother and the child remains to be investigated.
T284 2554-2731 Sentence denotes Clinical trials in France showed that HCQ combined with azithromycin could enhance the virus clearance [50], but the subsequent reports did not support this combination [59,61].
T285 2732-2902 Sentence denotes Furthermore, CQ/HCQ alone or in combination with a macrolide induced high rate of adverse effects, especially prolonged QTc, in the use for COVID-19 treatment [61,68,69].
T286 2903-3246 Sentence denotes Therefore, current data are not sufficient enough to support the routine use of CQ/HCQ as therapies for COVID-19 and increasing caution should be taken for the application of CQ/HCQ, alone or in combination with other drugs, in COVID-19 before the conclusive findings are obtained by well-designed, multicenter, randomized, controlled studies.

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32496926-15351731-132195715 682-684 15351731 denotes 12
32496926-16115318-132195716 685-687 16115318 denotes 13
32496926-24841269-132195717 700-702 24841269 denotes 10
32496926-32020029-132195718 720-722 32020029 denotes 16
32496926-32194981-132195718 720-722 32194981 denotes 16
32496926-32194981-132195719 823-825 32194981 denotes 17
32496926-23577127-132195720 1183-1185 23577127 denotes 71
32496926-26459826-132195721 1186-1188 26459826 denotes 72
32496926-19506054-132195722 2393-2395 19506054 denotes 14