PMC:7441788 / 13026-14473 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":151,"end":160},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":202,"end":234},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T85","span":{"begin":236,"end":239},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T86","span":{"begin":316,"end":320},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T87","span":{"begin":388,"end":393},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T88","span":{"begin":416,"end":425},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T89","span":{"begin":434,"end":445},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T90","span":{"begin":446,"end":452},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T91","span":{"begin":447,"end":449},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T92","span":{"begin":454,"end":456},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T93","span":{"begin":509,"end":514},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":521,"end":526},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":562,"end":571},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":708,"end":717},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":809,"end":818},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T98","span":{"begin":819,"end":822},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T99","span":{"begin":924,"end":926},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T100","span":{"begin":1086,"end":1095},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T101","span":{"begin":1133,"end":1135},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":1142,"end":1144},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":1168,"end":1174},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T104","span":{"begin":1252,"end":1260},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A83","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T83","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63836"},{"id":"A84","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T84","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84079"},{"id":"A85","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T85","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84079"},{"id":"A86","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T86","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A87","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T87","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A88","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T88","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A89","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T89","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A90","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T90","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86583"},{"id":"A91","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T91","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A92","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T92","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A93","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T93","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A94","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T94","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A95","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T95","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67180"},{"id":"A96","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T96","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A97","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T97","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66836"},{"id":"A98","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T98","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74412"},{"id":"A99","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T99","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66595"},{"id":"A100","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T100","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A101","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T101","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A102","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T102","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A103","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T103","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970"},{"id":"A104","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T104","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T86","span":{"begin":463,"end":468},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T87","span":{"begin":1216,"end":1224},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T88","span":{"begin":1279,"end":1282},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T90","span":{"begin":1394,"end":1397},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T92","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1435},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A86","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T86","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005070"},{"id":"A87","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T87","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A88","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T88","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007399"},{"id":"A89","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T88","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017361"},{"id":"A90","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T90","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007399"},{"id":"A91","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T90","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017361"},{"id":"A92","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T92","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T150","span":{"begin":151,"end":160},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005764"},{"id":"T151","span":{"begin":161,"end":169},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T152","span":{"begin":272,"end":282},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T153","span":{"begin":314,"end":320},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084"},{"id":"T154","span":{"begin":321,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T155","span":{"begin":380,"end":383},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001004"},{"id":"T156","span":{"begin":386,"end":393},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084"},{"id":"T157","span":{"begin":395,"end":397},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794"},{"id":"T158","span":{"begin":507,"end":514},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084"},{"id":"T159","span":{"begin":519,"end":526},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000236"},{"id":"T160","span":{"begin":619,"end":628},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418"},{"id":"T161","span":{"begin":679,"end":689},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T162","span":{"begin":786,"end":794},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T163","span":{"begin":841,"end":858},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000024990"},{"id":"T164","span":{"begin":924,"end":926},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001562"},{"id":"T165","span":{"begin":1020,"end":1022},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799"},{"id":"T166","span":{"begin":1168,"end":1174},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001969"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

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Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T109","span":{"begin":0,"end":2},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T110","span":{"begin":135,"end":137},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T111","span":{"begin":400,"end":402},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T112","span":{"begin":724,"end":726},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T113","span":{"begin":747,"end":761},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T114","span":{"begin":819,"end":822},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T115","span":{"begin":886,"end":888},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T116","span":{"begin":955,"end":971},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T117","span":{"begin":1004,"end":1018},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T118","span":{"begin":1359,"end":1361},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A115","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T115","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638"},{"id":"A109","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T109","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638"},{"id":"A113","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T113","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71580"},{"id":"A116","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T116","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15843"},{"id":"A111","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T111","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638"},{"id":"A117","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T117","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26333"},{"id":"A110","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T110","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638"},{"id":"A118","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T118","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638"},{"id":"A114","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T114","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16991"},{"id":"A112","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T112","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-NCBITaxon","denotations":[{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":1216,"end":1226},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1435},"obj":"Species"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A96","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T96","obj":"NCBItxid:2697049"},{"id":"A95","pred":"ncbi_taxonomy_id","subj":"T95","obj":"NCBItxid:2697049"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"NCBItxid","uri":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":0,"end":102},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":103,"end":288},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":289,"end":399},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T98","span":{"begin":400,"end":532},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T99","span":{"begin":533,"end":723},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T100","span":{"begin":724,"end":875},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T101","span":{"begin":876,"end":1024},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1320},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":1321,"end":1447},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

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Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

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regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-IDO","denotations":[{"id":"T104","span":{"begin":316,"end":320},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000"},{"id":"T105","span":{"begin":388,"end":393},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000"},{"id":"T106","span":{"begin":495,"end":508},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000607"},{"id":"T107","span":{"begin":509,"end":514},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000"},{"id":"T108","span":{"begin":521,"end":526},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000000"},{"id":"T109","span":{"begin":694,"end":704},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000607"},{"id":"T110","span":{"begin":859,"end":869},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000607"},{"id":"T111","span":{"begin":990,"end":1000},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000607"},{"id":"T112","span":{"begin":1202,"end":1210},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDO_0000586"},{"id":"T113","span":{"begin":1303,"end":1310},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031"},{"id":"T114","span":{"begin":1338,"end":1353},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-FMA","denotations":[{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":151,"end":160},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":202,"end":234},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T85","span":{"begin":236,"end":239},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T86","span":{"begin":316,"end":320},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T87","span":{"begin":388,"end":393},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T88","span":{"begin":416,"end":425},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T89","span":{"begin":434,"end":445},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T90","span":{"begin":446,"end":452},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T91","span":{"begin":447,"end":449},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T92","span":{"begin":454,"end":456},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T93","span":{"begin":509,"end":514},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":521,"end":526},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":562,"end":571},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":708,"end":717},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":809,"end":818},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T98","span":{"begin":819,"end":822},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T99","span":{"begin":1086,"end":1095},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T100","span":{"begin":1133,"end":1135},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T101","span":{"begin":1142,"end":1144},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":1168,"end":1174},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":1252,"end":1260},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A87","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T87","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A97","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T97","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66836"},{"id":"A83","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T83","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63836"},{"id":"A101","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T101","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A100","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T100","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A89","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T89","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A94","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T94","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A88","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T88","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A92","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T92","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A103","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T103","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A96","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T96","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A93","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T93","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A91","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T91","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86578"},{"id":"A98","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T98","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74412"},{"id":"A102","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T102","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970"},{"id":"A85","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T85","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84079"},{"id":"A99","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T99","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A84","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T84","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84079"},{"id":"A86","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T86","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A90","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T90","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86583"},{"id":"A95","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T95","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67180"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-GO-BP-0","denotations":[{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":103,"end":131},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051454"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":182,"end":200},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":202,"end":234},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046776"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":236,"end":239},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046776"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":306,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":314,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":316,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001906"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019835"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070265"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":619,"end":628},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":841,"end":869},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032606"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":848,"end":869},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001816"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":910,"end":923},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004623"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":941,"end":951},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":1338,"end":1353},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T79","span":{"begin":463,"end":468},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T80","span":{"begin":1216,"end":1226},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T81","span":{"begin":1279,"end":1282},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":1394,"end":1397},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T85","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1435},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A79","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T79","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005070"},{"id":"A80","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T80","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A81","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T81","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007399"},{"id":"A82","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T81","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017361"},{"id":"A85","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T85","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A83","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T83","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007399"},{"id":"A84","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T83","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017361"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":463,"end":468},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A10","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sample-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":103,"end":131},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051454"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":182,"end":200},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":202,"end":234},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046776"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":236,"end":239},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046776"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":306,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":314,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":316,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070265"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019835"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001906"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":619,"end":628},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":841,"end":869},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032606"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":848,"end":869},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001816"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":941,"end":951},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":1338,"end":1353},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":103,"end":131},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051454"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":182,"end":200},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019882"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":202,"end":234},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046776"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":236,"end":239},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046776"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":306,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050868"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":314,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":316,"end":331},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070265"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019835"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":469,"end":477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001906"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":619,"end":628},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":841,"end":869},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032606"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":848,"end":869},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001816"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":941,"end":951},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":1338,"end":1353},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"520","span":{"begin":356,"end":361},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"521","span":{"begin":380,"end":383},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"522","span":{"begin":434,"end":452},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"523","span":{"begin":454,"end":458},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"524","span":{"begin":463,"end":486},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"525","span":{"begin":488,"end":493},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"526","span":{"begin":638,"end":642},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"527","span":{"begin":647,"end":651},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"528","span":{"begin":747,"end":778},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"529","span":{"begin":780,"end":784},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"530","span":{"begin":910,"end":926},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"531","span":{"begin":1133,"end":1137},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"532","span":{"begin":1142,"end":1147},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"533","span":{"begin":1193,"end":1201},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"534","span":{"begin":1216,"end":1226},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"535","span":{"begin":135,"end":137},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"536","span":{"begin":138,"end":141},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"537","span":{"begin":400,"end":402},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"538","span":{"begin":724,"end":727},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"539","span":{"begin":727,"end":730},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"540","span":{"begin":886,"end":892},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"541","span":{"begin":955,"end":971},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"542","span":{"begin":1004,"end":1018},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"543","span":{"begin":1355,"end":1358},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"544","span":{"begin":1359,"end":1361},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"545","span":{"begin":1178,"end":1192},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"546","span":{"begin":1202,"end":1210},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"547","span":{"begin":1279,"end":1282},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"548","span":{"begin":1394,"end":1397},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"549","span":{"begin":1427,"end":1435},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A520","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"520","obj":"Gene:959"},{"id":"A521","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"521","obj":"Gene:920"},{"id":"A522","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"522","obj":"Gene:3552"},{"id":"A523","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"523","obj":"Gene:3569"},{"id":"A524","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"524","obj":"Gene:7124"},{"id":"A525","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"525","obj":"Gene:7124"},{"id":"A526","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"526","obj":"Gene:51284"},{"id":"A527","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"527","obj":"Gene:54106"},{"id":"A528","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"528","obj":"Gene:115004"},{"id":"A529","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"529","obj":"Gene:115004"},{"id":"A530","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"530","obj":"Gene:5319"},{"id":"A531","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"531","obj":"Gene:3569"},{"id":"A532","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"532","obj":"Gene:3586"},{"id":"A533","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"533","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A534","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"534","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A535","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"535","obj":"MESH:D002738"},{"id":"A536","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"536","obj":"MESH:D006886"},{"id":"A537","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"537","obj":"MESH:D002738"},{"id":"A538","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"538","obj":"MESH:D002738"},{"id":"A539","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"539","obj":"MESH:D006886"},{"id":"A541","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"541","obj":"MESH:D016718"},{"id":"A542","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"542","obj":"MESH:D011453"},{"id":"A543","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"543","obj":"MESH:D006886"},{"id":"A544","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"544","obj":"MESH:D002738"},{"id":"A545","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"545","obj":"MESH:D016638"},{"id":"A546","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"546","obj":"MESH:D007239"},{"id":"A547","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"547","obj":"MESH:D003398"},{"id":"A548","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"548","obj":"MESH:D003398"},{"id":"A549","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"549","obj":"MESH:C000657245"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":0,"end":102},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":103,"end":288},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":289,"end":399},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T98","span":{"begin":400,"end":532},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T99","span":{"begin":533,"end":723},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T100","span":{"begin":724,"end":875},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T101","span":{"begin":876,"end":1024},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1320},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":1321,"end":1447},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":463,"end":468},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1252,"end":1277},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A10","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664"},{"id":"A11","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033041"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32496926-2250716-132195693","span":{"begin":284,"end":286},"obj":"2250716"},{"id":"32496926-28793932-132195694","span":{"begin":395,"end":397},"obj":"28793932"},{"id":"32496926-16418198-132195695","span":{"begin":528,"end":530},"obj":"16418198"},{"id":"32496926-18820679-132195696","span":{"begin":719,"end":721},"obj":"18820679"},{"id":"32496926-25821216-132195697","span":{"begin":871,"end":873},"obj":"25821216"},{"id":"32496926-4016141-132195698","span":{"begin":1020,"end":1022},"obj":"4016141"},{"id":"32496926-31986264-132195699","span":{"begin":1228,"end":1230},"obj":"31986264"},{"id":"32496926-32007143-132195700","span":{"begin":1231,"end":1233},"obj":"32007143"}],"text":"CQ/HCQ regulate the release of various pro-inflammatory factors, which are important immunomodulators. Intracellular alkalinization by CQ/HCQ inhibits lysosomal activity, preventing antigen processing, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression and immune activation [40]. This process can inhibit T cell activation and block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cells [41]. CQ also reduces cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) produced by T cells and B cells [42]. At the same time, changes of endosomal pH can interfere with Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, such as TLR7 and TLR9 processing, inhibiting the activation and production of cytokines [43]. CQ/HCQ also weaken the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) activity by inhibiting cytosolic DNA, thereby reducing type I interferon production [44]. In vitro, CQ/HCQ can also inhibit phospholipase A2, altering the metabolism of arachidonic acid, and reducing the production of prostaglandins [45]. Some clinical studies have found that high concentrations of cytokines and pro-inflammatory factors such as IL-6 and IL-10 are elevated in the plasma of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 [46,47], suggesting that cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is associated with disease severity. In the aspect of immune response, HCQ/CQ therefore are likely to inhibit CRS, delaying the progression of COVID-19 (Figure 1)."}