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PMC:7405836 / 37681-45317 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T67588 204-209 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T15622 1179-1193 Body_part denotes immune systems http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T92882 1235-1239 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T70939 2508-2514 Body_part denotes genome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116
T34650 2663-2670 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T42759 3044-3052 Body_part denotes endosome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67180
T123 3064-3071 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T124 3092-3099 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T125 3175-3183 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T126 3528-3538 Body_part denotes nucleotide http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740
T127 3540-3542 Body_part denotes nt http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740
T128 4123-4127 Body_part denotes palm http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24920
T129 5179-5187 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T130 6337-6341 Body_part denotes milk http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62100
T131 6343-6348 Body_part denotes urine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma12274
T132 6350-6355 Body_part denotes feces http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma64183
T133 6371-6374 Body_part denotes eye http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54448
T134 6767-6771 Body_part denotes palm http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24920
T135 6962-6972 Body_part denotes nucleotide http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T17 204-209 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T18 1179-1193 Body_part denotes immune systems http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T19 1235-1239 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T20 6337-6341 Body_part denotes milk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001913
T21 6343-6348 Body_part denotes urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001088
T22 6350-6355 Body_part denotes feces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001988
T23 6371-6374 Body_part denotes eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000970
T24 6418-6424 Body_part denotes organs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T332 24-28 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T333 40-48 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T334 61-70 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T335 124-144 Disease denotes respiratory diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005087
T336 170-182 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T337 303-314 Disease denotes common cold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709
T338 353-361 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T339 353-357 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T340 513-517 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T341 570-578 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T342 869-877 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T343 869-873 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T344 966-975 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T345 1240-1252 Disease denotes inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T346 1274-1283 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T347 1290-1294 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T348 1306-1325 Disease denotes respiratory disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005087
T349 1515-1519 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T350 1747-1755 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T351 1747-1751 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T352 1759-1767 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T353 1791-1799 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T354 1791-1795 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T355 1896-1905 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T356 2011-2030 Disease denotes respiratory disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005087
T357 2224-2232 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T358 2224-2228 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T359 2236-2244 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T360 2236-2240 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T361 2329-2337 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T362 2329-2333 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T363 2548-2556 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T364 2548-2552 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T365 2564-2568 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T366 2650-2658 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T367 2650-2654 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T368 2698-2702 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T369 2929-2937 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T370 2929-2933 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T371 3187-3195 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T372 3187-3191 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T373 3314-3322 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T374 3367-3371 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T375 3423-3427 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T376 3661-3669 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T377 3661-3665 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T378 3810-3814 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T379 3951-3959 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T380 3951-3955 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T381 3963-3971 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T382 4039-4047 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T383 4039-4043 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T384 4061-4070 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T385 4138-4146 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T386 4138-4142 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T387 4184-4193 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T388 4250-4254 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T389 4389-4397 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T390 4529-4533 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T391 4615-4619 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T392 4643-4651 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T393 4643-4647 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T394 5210-5219 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T395 5967-5976 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T396 6060-6069 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T397 6175-6184 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T398 6514-6523 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T399 6701-6705 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T400 6716-6724 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T401 6716-6720 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T402 7131-7139 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T403 7131-7135 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T404 7289-7293 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T405 7541-7559 Disease denotes SARS-CoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T406 7541-7545 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T407 7550-7559 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T82383 17-23 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes Humans
T92525 74-80 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T49894 204-209 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes organ
T28986 318-324 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T36295 428-434 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T96338 436-438 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T70007 589-594 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T3204 598-603 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T46420 707-712 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T28779 1179-1193 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune systems
T11516 1235-1239 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T75600 1235-1239 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T84515 1298-1299 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T84569 1336-1337 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T46027 1360-1366 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T39494 1448-1453 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T57954 1498-1504 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T36452 1698-1700 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001527 denotes 94
T69592 1814-1815 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T43092 1906-1913 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T19152 1978-1979 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T81597 2123-2124 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T29637 2139-2141 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000 denotes 35
T76194 2460-2461 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T15423 2478-2481 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T30087 2616-2617 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T58006 2768-2769 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T92804 2800-2805 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T87530 2854-2855 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T16856 3000-3001 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T72963 3213-3214 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T65345 3395-3398 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T84390 3617-3622 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T94170 3724-3725 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T4183 3726-3731 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T45224 3737-3740 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T60784 3785-3792 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T37775 3796-3802 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T10395 3839-3842 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054060 denotes 102
T53192 3912-3915 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T86259 3974-3978 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes Bats
T10987 3997-3998 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T35344 4165-4170 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837 denotes camel
T35883 4195-4198 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054060 denotes 102
T78999 4201-4205 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes Bats
T29923 4271-4275 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes Bats
T93951 4318-4323 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T31352 4561-4565 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T83875 4668-4672 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T85133 4856-4861 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T41290 4899-4905 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T17817 5060-5066 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T48131 5096-5099 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T14746 5204-5209 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T44907 5316-5320 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T44349 5327-5328 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T76481 5560-5564 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T31205 5568-5575 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T49133 5580-5586 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T6384 5619-5622 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T41688 5666-5673 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T49714 5736-5737 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T88218 5755-5758 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T59283 6038-6044 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T38682 6073-6079 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T90852 6098-6104 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837 denotes camels
T20846 6134-6140 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837 denotes camels
T29084 6220-6227 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T65204 6228-6236 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes actively
T424 6261-6264 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T425 6289-6295 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T426 6371-6374 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000827 denotes eye
T427 6418-6424 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes organs
T428 6435-6436 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T429 6487-6493 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T430 6625-6631 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T431 6661-6667 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837 denotes camels
T432 6730-6737 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T433 6800-6807 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9654 denotes raccoon
T434 6849-6850 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T435 6856-6862 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T436 6895-6901 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T437 6934-6940 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T438 6957-6958 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T439 7018-7023 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T440 7180-7183 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T441 7260-7261 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T442 7371-7374 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T443 7471-7476 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T444 7501-7502 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T445 7569-7576 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T446 7615-7618 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T135 2663-2670 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T136 2885-2895 Chemical denotes inhibitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222
T137 3064-3071 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T138 3092-3099 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T139 3175-3183 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T140 3528-3538 Chemical denotes nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976
T141 3540-3542 Chemical denotes nt http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976
T142 5179-5187 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T143 6962-6972 Chemical denotes nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T31876 170-182 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T89089 891-906 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 denotes immune response
T14843 998-1014 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 denotes immune responses
T4655 1110-1118 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015297 denotes exchange
T3696 1172-1185 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045087 denotes innate immune
T35146 1240-1252 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammation
T86468 3148-3159 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016791 denotes phosphatase
T29542 3483-3495 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis
T18275 5598-5610 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T258 0-48 Sentence denotes Coronaviruses in Humans—SARS, MERS, and COVID-19
T259 49-255 Sentence denotes Coronavirus infection in humans is commonly associated with mild to severe respiratory diseases, with high fever, severe inflammation, cough, and internal organ dysfunction that can even lead to death (92).
T260 256-325 Sentence denotes Most of the identified coronaviruses cause the common cold in humans.
T261 326-440 Sentence denotes However, this changed when SARS-CoV was identified, paving the way for severe forms of the disease in humans (22).
T262 441-664 Sentence denotes Our previous experience with the outbreaks of other coronaviruses, like SARS and MERS, suggests that the mode of transmission in COVID-19 as mainly human-to-human transmission via direct contact, droplets, and fomites (25).
T263 665-886 Sentence denotes Recent studies have demonstrated that the virus could remain viable for hours in aerosols and up to days on surfaces; thus, aerosol and fomite contamination could play potent roles in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (257).
T264 887-976 Sentence denotes The immune response against coronavirus is vital to control and get rid of the infection.
T265 977-1119 Sentence denotes However, maladjusted immune responses may contribute to the immunopathology of the disease, resulting in impairment of pulmonary gas exchange.
T266 1120-1289 Sentence denotes Understanding the interaction between CoVs and host innate immune systems could enlighten our understanding of the lung inflammation associated with this infection (24).
T267 1290-1510 Sentence denotes SARS is a viral respiratory disease caused by a formerly unrecognized animal CoV that originated from the wet markets in southern China after adapting to the human host, thereby enabling transmission between humans (90).
T268 1511-1614 Sentence denotes The SARS outbreak reported in 2002 to 2003 had 8,098 confirmed cases with 774 total deaths (9.6%) (93).
T269 1615-1702 Sentence denotes The outbreak severely affected the Asia Pacific region, especially mainland China (94).
T270 1703-1924 Sentence denotes Even though the case fatality rate (CFR) of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is lower than that of SARS-CoV, there exists a severe concern linked to this outbreak due to its epidemiological similarity to influenza viruses (95, 279).
T271 1925-1994 Sentence denotes This can fail the public health system, resulting in a pandemic (96).
T272 1995-2092 Sentence denotes MERS is another respiratory disease that was first reported in Saudi Arabia during the year 2012.
T273 2093-2148 Sentence denotes The disease was found to have a CFR of around 35% (97).
T274 2149-2287 Sentence denotes The analysis of available data sets suggests that the incubation period of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV is in almost the same range.
T275 2288-2351 Sentence denotes The longest predicted incubation time of SARS-CoV-2 is 14 days.
T276 2352-2447 Sentence denotes Hence, suspected individuals are isolated for 14 days to avoid the risk of further spread (98).
T277 2448-2718 Sentence denotes Even though a high similarity has been reported between the genome sequence of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and SARS-like CoVs, the comparative analysis recognized a furin-like cleavage site in the SARS-CoV-2 S protein that is missing from other SARS-like CoVs (99).
T278 2719-2896 Sentence denotes The furin-like cleavage site is expected to play a role in the life cycle of the virus and disease pathogenicity and might even act as a therapeutic target for furin inhibitors.
T279 2897-3100 Sentence denotes The highly contagious nature of SARS-CoV-2 compared to that of its predecessors might be the result of a stabilizing mutation that occurred in the endosome-associated-protein-like domain of nsp2 protein.
T280 3101-3280 Sentence denotes Similarly, the destabilizing mutation near the phosphatase domain of nsp3 proteins in SARS-CoV-2 could indicate a potential mechanism that differentiates it from other CoVs (100).
T281 3281-3452 Sentence denotes Even though the CFR reported for COVID-19 is meager compared to those of the previous SARS and MERS outbreaks, it has caused more deaths than SARS and MERS combined (101).
T282 3453-3678 Sentence denotes Possibly related to the viral pathogenesis is the recent finding of an 832-nucleotide (nt) deletion in ORF8, which appears to reduce the replicative fitness of the virus and leads to attenuated phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2 (256).
T283 3679-3844 Sentence denotes Coronavirus is the most prominent example of a virus that has crossed the species barrier twice from wild animals to humans during SARS and MERS outbreaks (79, 102).
T284 3845-3973 Sentence denotes The possibility of crossing the species barrier for the third time has also been suspected in the case of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).
T285 3974-4071 Sentence denotes Bats are recognized as a possible natural reservoir host of both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infection.
T286 4072-4200 Sentence denotes In contrast, the possible intermediary host is the palm civet for SARS-CoV and the dromedary camel for MERS-CoV infection (102).
T287 4201-4270 Sentence denotes Bats are considered the ancestral hosts for both SARS and MERS (103).
T288 4271-4373 Sentence denotes Bats are also considered the reservoir host of human coronaviruses like HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 (104).
T289 4374-4572 Sentence denotes In the case of COVID-19, there are two possibilities for primary transmission: it can be transmitted either through intermediate hosts, similar to that of SARS and MERS, or directly from bats (103).
T290 4573-4836 Sentence denotes The emergence paradigm put forward in the SARS outbreak suggests that SARS-CoV originated from bats (reservoir host) and later jumped to civets (intermediate host) and incorporated changes within the receptor-binding domain (RBD) to improve binding to civet ACE2.
T291 4837-4995 Sentence denotes This civet-adapted virus, during their subsequent exposure to humans at live markets, promoted further adaptations that resulted in the epidemic strain (104).
T292 4996-5091 Sentence denotes Transmission can also occur directly from the reservoir host to humans without RBD adaptations.
T293 5092-5282 Sentence denotes The bat coronavirus that is currently in circulation maintains specific “poised” spike proteins that facilitate human infection without the requirement of any mutations or adaptations (105).
T294 5283-5384 Sentence denotes Altogether, different species of bats carry a massive number of coronaviruses around the world (106).
T295 5385-5593 Sentence denotes The high plasticity in receptor usage, along with the feasibility of adaptive mutation and recombination, may result in frequent interspecies transmission of coronavirus from bats to animals and humans (106).
T296 5594-5707 Sentence denotes The pathogenesis of most bat coronaviruses is unknown, as most of these viruses are not isolated and studied (4).
T297 5708-5804 Sentence denotes Hedgehog coronavirus HKU31, a Betacoronavirus, has been identified from amur hedgehogs in China.
T298 5805-5916 Sentence denotes Studies show that hedgehogs are the reservoir of Betacoronavirus, and there is evidence of recombination (107).
T299 5917-6110 Sentence denotes The current scientific evidence available on MERS infection suggests that the significant reservoir host, as well as the animal source of MERS infection in humans, is the dromedary camels (97).
T300 6111-6296 Sentence denotes The infected dromedary camels may not show any visible signs of infection, making it challenging to identify animals actively excreting MERS-CoV that has the potential to infect humans.
T301 6297-6431 Sentence denotes However, they may shed MERS-CoV through milk, urine, feces, and nasal and eye discharge and can also be found in the raw organs (108).
T302 6432-6674 Sentence denotes In a study conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of animal species to MERS-CoV infection, llamas and pigs were found to be susceptible, indicating the possibility of MERS-CoV circulation in animal species other than dromedary camels (109).
T303 6675-6890 Sentence denotes Following the outbreak of SARS in China, SARS-CoV-like viruses were isolated from Himalayan palm civets (Paguma larvata) and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) found in a live-animal market in Guangdong, China.
T304 6891-7038 Sentence denotes The animal isolates obtained from the live-animal market retained a 29-nucleotide sequence that was not present in most of the human isolates (78).
T305 7039-7140 Sentence denotes These findings were critical in identifying the possibility of interspecies transmission in SARS-CoV.
T306 7141-7288 Sentence denotes The higher diversity and prevalence of bat coronaviruses in this region compared to those in previous reports indicate a host/pathogen coevolution.
T307 7289-7409 Sentence denotes SARS-like coronaviruses also have been found circulating in the Chinese horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus sinicus) populations.
T308 7410-7636 Sentence denotes The in vitro and in vivo studies carried out on the isolated virus confirmed that there is a potential risk for the reemergence of SARS-CoV infection from the viruses that are currently circulating in the bat population (105).

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T17 156-161 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T18 184-189 Phenotype denotes cough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
1039 0-13 Species denotes Coronaviruses Tax:11118
1040 17-23 Species denotes Humans Tax:9606
1041 40-48 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1060 74-80 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1061 279-292 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
1062 318-324 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1063 353-361 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1064 428-434 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1065 493-506 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
1066 589-594 Species denotes human Tax:9606
1067 598-603 Species denotes human Tax:9606
1068 869-879 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1069 49-70 Disease denotes Coronavirus infection MESH:D018352
1070 124-144 Disease denotes respiratory diseases MESH:D012140
1071 151-161 Disease denotes high fever MESH:D005334
1072 170-182 Disease denotes inflammation MESH:D007249
1073 184-189 Disease denotes cough MESH:D003371
1074 204-221 Disease denotes organ dysfunction MESH:D009102
1075 244-249 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
1076 310-314 Disease denotes cold MESH:D000067390
1077 570-578 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1083 915-926 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
1084 1158-1162 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1085 966-975 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
1086 1235-1252 Disease denotes lung inflammation MESH:D011014
1087 1274-1283 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
1099 1367-1370 Species denotes CoV Tax:11118
1100 1448-1453 Species denotes human Tax:9606
1101 1498-1504 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1102 1747-1757 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1103 1791-1799 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1104 1896-1913 Species denotes influenza viruses Tax:11308
1105 1420-1425 Species denotes China Tax:998089
1106 1691-1696 Species denotes China Tax:998089
1107 1300-1325 Disease denotes viral respiratory disease
1108 1595-1601 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
1109 1759-1767 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1123 3087-3091 Gene denotes nsp2 Gene:6253
1124 2661-2662 Gene denotes S Gene:43740568
1125 2224-2234 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1126 2236-2244 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1127 2250-2258 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
1128 2329-2339 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1129 2531-2546 Species denotes new coronavirus Tax:2697049
1130 2548-2558 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1131 2574-2578 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1132 2650-2660 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1133 2708-2712 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1134 2929-2939 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1135 2011-2030 Disease denotes respiratory disease MESH:D012140
1145 3170-3174 Gene denotes nsp3 Gene:10044
1146 3556-3560 Gene denotes ORF8 Gene:43740577
1147 3187-3197 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1148 3269-3273 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
1149 3661-3671 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1150 3524-3538 Chemical denotes 832-nucleotide
1151 3540-3542 Chemical denotes nt
1152 3314-3322 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1153 3411-3417 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
1178 4831-4835 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
1179 5173-5178 Gene denotes spike Gene:43740568
1180 3679-3690 Species denotes Coronavirus Tax:11118
1181 3796-3802 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1182 3951-3961 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
1183 4039-4047 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1184 4138-4146 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1185 4155-4164 Species denotes dromedary Tax:9838
1186 4165-4170 Species denotes camel Tax:9838
1187 4318-4323 Species denotes human Tax:9606
1188 4324-4337 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
1189 4343-4352 Species denotes HCoV-229E Tax:11137
1190 4357-4366 Species denotes HCoV-NL63 Tax:277944
1191 4643-4651 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1192 4899-4905 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1193 5060-5066 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1194 5096-5111 Species denotes bat coronavirus Tax:1508220
1195 5204-5209 Species denotes human Tax:9606
1196 5347-5360 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
1197 3963-3971 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1198 4052-4070 Disease denotes MERS-CoV infection MESH:D018352
1199 4175-4193 Disease denotes MERS-CoV infection MESH:D018352
1200 4389-4397 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
1201 5210-5219 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
1211 5619-5622 Gene denotes bat Gene:570
1212 5543-5554 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
1213 5580-5586 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1214 5623-5636 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
1215 5717-5728 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
1216 5738-5753 Species denotes Betacoronavirus Tax:694002
1217 5780-5794 Species denotes amur hedgehogs Tax:757341
1218 5854-5869 Species denotes Betacoronavirus Tax:694002
1219 5798-5803 Species denotes China Tax:998089
1238 6073-6079 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1239 6088-6097 Species denotes dromedary Tax:9838
1240 6098-6104 Species denotes camels Tax:9838
1241 6124-6133 Species denotes dromedary Tax:9838
1242 6134-6140 Species denotes camels Tax:9838
1243 6247-6255 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
1244 6289-6295 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
1245 6320-6328 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
1246 6525-6531 Species denotes llamas Tax:9844
1247 6536-6540 Species denotes pigs Tax:9823
1248 6601-6609 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
1249 6651-6660 Species denotes dromedary Tax:9838
1250 6661-6667 Species denotes camels Tax:9838
1251 5967-5976 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
1252 6055-6069 Disease denotes MERS infection MESH:D018352
1253 6115-6123 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
1254 6175-6184 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
1255 6510-6523 Disease denotes CoV infection MESH:D018352
1272 7615-7618 Gene denotes bat Gene:570
1273 7371-7374 Gene denotes bat Gene:570
1274 7180-7183 Gene denotes bat Gene:570
1275 6716-6724 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1276 6780-6794 Species denotes Paguma larvata Tax:9675
1277 6800-6812 Species denotes raccoon dogs Tax:34880
1278 6814-6838 Species denotes Nyctereutes procyonoides Tax:34880
1279 7018-7023 Species denotes human Tax:9606
1280 7131-7139 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
1281 7184-7197 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
1282 7299-7312 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
1283 7376-7395 Species denotes Rhinolophus sinicus Tax:89399
1284 6709-6714 Species denotes China Tax:998089
1285 6884-6889 Species denotes China Tax:998089
1286 6959-6972 Chemical denotes 29-nucleotide
1287 7541-7559 Disease denotes SARS-CoV infection MESH:C000657245