PMC:7394275 / 122-1332 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7394275","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7394275","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7394275","text":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been sweeping across the globe. Based on a retrospective analysis of SARS and influenza data from China and worldwide, we surmise that the fungal co-infections associated with global COVID-19 might be missed or misdiagnosed. Although there are few publications, COVID-19 patients, especially severely ill or immunocompromised, have a higher probability of suffering from invasive mycoses. Aspergillus and Candida infections in COVID-19 patients will require early detection by a comprehensive diagnostic intervention (histopathology, direct microscopic examination, culture, (1,3)-β-d-glucan, galactomannan, and PCR-based assays) to ensure effective treatments. We suggest it is prudent to assess the risk factors, the types of invasive mycosis, the strengths and limitations of diagnostic methods, clinical settings, and the need for standard or individualized treatment in COVID-19 patients. We provide a clinical flow diagram to assist the clinicians and laboratory experts in the management of aspergillosis, candidiasis, mucormycosis, or cryptococcosis as co-morbidities in COVID-19 patients.","tracks":[{"project":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB","denotations":[{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":0,"end":11},"obj":"NCBITaxon:11118"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":26,"end":34},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":47,"end":59},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":60,"end":71},"obj":"SP_7;UBERON:0001004"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":72,"end":94},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":96,"end":106},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":138,"end":143},"obj":"UBERON:0010230"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":182,"end":186},"obj":"SP_10"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":252,"end":258},"obj":"NCBITaxon:4751"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":296,"end":304},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":375,"end":383},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":518,"end":525},"obj":"NCBITaxon:5478"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":540,"end":548},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":698,"end":704},"obj":"CHEBI:37671;CHEBI:37671"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":706,"end":719},"obj":"CHEBI:27680;CHEBI:27680"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":988,"end":996},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1200},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T16221","span":{"begin":0,"end":11},"obj":"NCBITaxon:11118"},{"id":"T65240","span":{"begin":26,"end":34},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T78096","span":{"begin":47,"end":59},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T82615","span":{"begin":60,"end":71},"obj":"SP_7;UBERON:0001004"},{"id":"T14104","span":{"begin":72,"end":94},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T83515","span":{"begin":96,"end":106},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T43579","span":{"begin":138,"end":143},"obj":"UBERON:0010230"},{"id":"T36768","span":{"begin":182,"end":186},"obj":"SP_10"},{"id":"T42098","span":{"begin":252,"end":258},"obj":"NCBITaxon:4751"},{"id":"T17484","span":{"begin":296,"end":304},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T57767","span":{"begin":375,"end":383},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T60348","span":{"begin":518,"end":525},"obj":"NCBITaxon:5478"},{"id":"T22798","span":{"begin":540,"end":548},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T99559","span":{"begin":698,"end":704},"obj":"CHEBI:37671;CHEBI:37671"},{"id":"T14011","span":{"begin":706,"end":719},"obj":"CHEBI:27680;CHEBI:27680"},{"id":"T74587","span":{"begin":988,"end":996},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T75612","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1200},"obj":"SP_7"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T2","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T3","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T18","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T16221","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T65240","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T78096","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T82615","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T14104","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T83515","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T43579","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T36768","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T42098","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T17484","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T57767","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T60348","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T22798","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T99559","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T14011","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T74587","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"},{"subj":"T75612","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"28","span":{"begin":47,"end":94},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"29","span":{"begin":96,"end":106},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"30","span":{"begin":384,"end":392},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"31","span":{"begin":549,"end":557},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"32","span":{"begin":997,"end":1005},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"33","span":{"begin":1201,"end":1209},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"34","span":{"begin":502,"end":513},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"35","span":{"begin":518,"end":525},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"36","span":{"begin":688,"end":704},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"37","span":{"begin":706,"end":719},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"38","span":{"begin":0,"end":24},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"39","span":{"begin":26,"end":34},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"40","span":{"begin":182,"end":186},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"41","span":{"begin":259,"end":272},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"42","span":{"begin":296,"end":304},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"43","span":{"begin":375,"end":383},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"44","span":{"begin":526,"end":536},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"45","span":{"begin":540,"end":548},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"46","span":{"begin":841,"end":857},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"47","span":{"begin":988,"end":996},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"48","span":{"begin":1111,"end":1124},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"49","span":{"begin":1126,"end":1137},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"50","span":{"begin":1156,"end":1170},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"51","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1200},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A28","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"28","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A29","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"29","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A30","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"30","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A31","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"31","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A32","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"32","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A33","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"33","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A34","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"34","obj":"Tax:746128"},{"id":"A35","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"35","obj":"Tax:5478"},{"id":"A36","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"36","obj":"MESH:C480180"},{"id":"A37","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"37","obj":"MESH:C012990"},{"id":"A38","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"38","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A39","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"39","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A40","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"40","obj":"MESH:D045169"},{"id":"A41","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"41","obj":"MESH:D060085"},{"id":"A42","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"42","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A43","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"43","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A44","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"44","obj":"MESH:D007239"},{"id":"A45","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"45","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A46","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"46","obj":"MESH:D015821"},{"id":"A47","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"47","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A48","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"48","obj":"MESH:D001228"},{"id":"A49","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"49","obj":"MESH:D002177"},{"id":"A50","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"50","obj":"MESH:D003453"},{"id":"A51","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"51","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"subj":"28","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"29","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"30","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"31","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"32","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"33","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"34","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"35","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"36","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"37","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"38","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"39","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"40","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"41","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"42","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"43","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"44","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"45","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"46","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"47","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"48","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"49","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"50","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"},{"subj":"51","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PubTator"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":0,"end":24},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":26,"end":34},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":47,"end":94},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":47,"end":80},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":96,"end":104},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":182,"end":186},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":191,"end":200},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":262,"end":272},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":296,"end":304},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":375,"end":383},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":493,"end":500},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":518,"end":539},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":540,"end":548},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":850,"end":857},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":988,"end":996},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1111,"end":1124},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1126,"end":1137},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":1139,"end":1151},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":1156,"end":1170},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1200},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A3","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A4","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A5","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A6","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A7","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A8","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A9","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812"},{"id":"A10","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A11","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A12","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A13","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002041"},{"id":"A14","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002026"},{"id":"A15","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A16","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002041"},{"id":"A17","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A18","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T18","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005657"},{"id":"A19","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T19","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002026"},{"id":"A20","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019136"},{"id":"A21","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005724"},{"id":"A22","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"subj":"T3","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T10","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T11","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T12","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T13","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T14","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T15","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T16","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T17","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T18","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T19","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T20","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T21","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"},{"subj":"T22","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":109,"end":112},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":154,"end":155},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":445,"end":446},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":590,"end":591},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1018,"end":1019},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T2","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T3","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CLO"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":698,"end":704},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":706,"end":719},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A2","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37163"},{"id":"A3","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27680"},{"subj":"T2","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"},{"subj":"T3","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GlycoEpitope","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":706,"end":719},"obj":"GlycoEpitope"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"glyco_epitope_db_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0510"},{"subj":"T1","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-PD-GlycoEpitope"}]},{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":0,"end":144},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":145,"end":337},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":338,"end":501},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":502,"end":774},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":775,"end":1006},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1007,"end":1210},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"attributes":[{"subj":"T4","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T5","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T6","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T7","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T8","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"},{"subj":"T9","pred":"source","obj":"LitCovid-sentences"}]}],"config":{"attribute types":[{"pred":"source","value type":"selection","values":[{"id":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB","color":"#ecd893","default":true},{"id":"LitCovid-PubTator","color":"#be93ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","color":"#93eca4"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","color":"#ec939b"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","color":"#93b5ec"},{"id":"LitCovid-PD-GlycoEpitope","color":"#cfec93"},{"id":"LitCovid-sentences","color":"#ec93e9"}]}]}}