PMC:7335644
Annnotations
LitCovid_Glycan-Motif-Structure
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 2170-2177 | https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G15021LG | denotes | glucose |
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 635-641 | Body_part | denotes | genome | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116 |
| T2 | 1108-1113 | Body_part | denotes | Organ | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498 |
| T3 | 1151-1158 | Body_part | denotes | protein | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257 |
| T4 | 2093-2098 | Body_part | denotes | urine | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma12274 |
| T5 | 2170-2177 | Body_part | denotes | glucose | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82743 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 1108-1113 | Body_part | denotes | Organ | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 |
| T2 | 2093-2098 | Body_part | denotes | urine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001088 |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 43-51 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T2 | 478-489 | Disease | denotes | common cold | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709 |
| T3 | 510-534 | Disease | denotes | coronavirus disease 2019 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T4 | 536-544 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T5 | 580-627 | Disease | denotes | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
| T6 | 580-613 | Disease | denotes | severe acute respiratory syndrome | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
| T7 | 702-713 | Disease | denotes | common cold | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709 |
| T8 | 840-865 | Disease | denotes | acute respiratory failure | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001208|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021113 |
| T10 | 1997-2005 | Disease | denotes | diarrhea | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001673 |
| T11 | 2205-2209 | Disease | denotes | G6PD | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005775 |
| T12 | 2225-2242 | Disease | denotes | genetic condition | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003847 |
| T13 | 2270-2274 | Disease | denotes | G6PD | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005775 |
| T14 | 2293-2309 | Disease | denotes | hemolytic anemia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003664 |
| T15 | 2303-2309 | Disease | denotes | anemia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002280 |
| T16 | 2433-2441 | Disease | denotes | COVID-19 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 20-21 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T2 | 309-317 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 | denotes | activity |
| T3 | 327-330 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
| T4 | 559-560 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T5 | 670-675 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | human |
| T6 | 1108-1113 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 | denotes | Organ |
| T7 | 1576-1577 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T8 | 2040-2041 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
| T9 | 2223-2224 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 7-16 | Chemical | denotes | Vitamin C | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29073|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38290 |
| T4 | 7-14 | Chemical | denotes | Vitamin | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229 |
| T5 | 218-224 | Chemical | denotes | copper | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28694|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30052 |
| T7 | 232-236 | Chemical | denotes | iron | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18248 |
| T8 | 1151-1158 | Chemical | denotes | protein | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 |
| T9 | 1437-1446 | Chemical | denotes | Vitamin C | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29073|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38290 |
| T12 | 1437-1444 | Chemical | denotes | Vitamin | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229 |
| T13 | 1448-1462 | Chemical | denotes | hydrocortisone | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17650 |
| T14 | 1467-1475 | Chemical | denotes | thiamine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18385|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26948|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33283 |
| T17 | 1612-1626 | Chemical | denotes | hydrocortisone | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17650 |
| T18 | 1632-1640 | Chemical | denotes | thiamine | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18385|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26948|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33283 |
| T21 | 1816-1830 | Chemical | denotes | hydrocortisone | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17650 |
| T22 | 2042-2063 | Chemical | denotes | water-soluble vitamin | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27314 |
| T23 | 2042-2047 | Chemical | denotes | water | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377 |
| T24 | 2056-2063 | Chemical | denotes | vitamin | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229 |
| T25 | 2170-2177 | Chemical | denotes | glucose | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17234|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4167 |
| T27 | 2180-2189 | Chemical | denotes | phosphate | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18367|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26020|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35780|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_43474 |
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 2125-2134 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 | denotes | formation |
LitCovid-PD-HP
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 822-828 | Phenotype | denotes | sepsis | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100806 |
| T2 | 846-865 | Phenotype | denotes | respiratory failure | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002878 |
| T3 | 1500-1505 | Phenotype | denotes | shock | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031273 |
| T4 | 1569-1574 | Phenotype | denotes | shock | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031273 |
| T5 | 1981-1995 | Phenotype | denotes | abdominal pain | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002027 |
| T6 | 1997-2005 | Phenotype | denotes | diarrhea | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002014 |
| T7 | 2014-2020 | Phenotype | denotes | nausea | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002018 |
| T8 | 2138-2150 | Phenotype | denotes | renal stones | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000787 |
| T9 | 2293-2309 | Phenotype | denotes | hemolytic anemia | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001878 |
LitCovid-sentences
| Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | 0-6 | Sentence | denotes | Reply: |
| T2 | 7-51 | Sentence | denotes | Vitamin C as a Possible Therapy for COVID-19 |
| T3 | 53-65 | Sentence | denotes | Dear Editor: |
| T4 | 66-114 | Sentence | denotes | We appreciate the comment from Hemilä et al [1]. |
| T5 | 115-254 | Sentence | denotes | Previous studies based on in-vitro experiments have identified that high dosage intravenous Vit-C with copper and/or iron is virucidal [2]. |
| T6 | 255-360 | Sentence | denotes | However, despite these studies, the in-vivo virucidal activity of Vit-C has not been confirmed in detail. |
| T7 | 361-500 | Sentence | denotes | Previously, your meta-analyses of clinical trial data showed that regular Vit-C intake shortened the duration of the common cold by 8% [3]. |
| T8 | 501-718 | Sentence | denotes | However, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) whose genome sequence differs from other human coronaviruses causing the common cold [4]. |
| T9 | 719-902 | Sentence | denotes | Moreover, two recent clinical trials have demonstrated no significant difference in the development of sepsis, or severe acute respiratory failure, between Vit-C and non-Vit-C groups. |
| T10 | 903-1072 | Sentence | denotes | In the CITRIS-ALI trial, no significant difference was found between the Vit-C (50 mg/kg every 6 hours for 96 hours) and placebo groups in the primary outcomes measured. |
| T11 | 1073-1206 | Sentence | denotes | These included modified Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, C-reactive protein levels, and thrombomodulin levels at 168 hours. |
| T12 | 1207-1432 | Sentence | denotes | However, secondary outcome measures did differ between the groups with 28-day all-cause mortality significantly lower and intensive care unit-free days significantly shorter in the placebo groups than in the Vit-C groups [5]. |
| T13 | 1433-1851 | Sentence | denotes | The Vitamin C, hydrocortisone and thiamine in patients with septic shock (VITAMINS) trial also reported that among patients with septic shock, a combination of intravenous Vit-C, hydrocortisone, and thiamine did not significantly improve the primary outcome measure (duration of time alive and free of vasopressor administration over 7 days) compared with that after the intravenous hydrocortisone treatment alone [6]. |
| T14 | 1852-2021 | Sentence | denotes | Although Vit-C generally exhibits low toxicity, taking >2 g of Vit-C per day may cause adverse gastrointestinal events including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and/or nausea. |
| T15 | 2022-2155 | Sentence | denotes | Although Vit-C is a water-soluble vitamin, with excess excreted in the urine, it can contribute to the formation of renal stones [7]. |
| T16 | 2156-2352 | Sentence | denotes | Additionally, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, a genetic condition that results in inadequate G6PD levels, can cause hemolytic anemia following intravenous Vit-C treatment [8]. |
| T17 | 2353-2459 | Sentence | denotes | Currently, multiple clinical trials investigating the effect of Vit-C on severe COVID-19 are on going [9]. |
| T18 | 2460-2610 | Sentence | denotes | However, this therapy can only be considered, and therefore incorporated into treatment guidelines, based on sufficient confirmatory research results. |
| T19 | 2611-2641 | Sentence | denotes | For now, we will have to wait. |
| T20 | 2643-2664 | Sentence | denotes | Conflict of Interest: |
| T21 | 2665-2690 | Sentence | denotes | No conflicts of interest. |
| T22 | 2691-2712 | Sentence | denotes | Author Contributions: |
| T23 | 2713-2741 | Sentence | denotes | Conceptualization: SBK, JSY. |
| T24 | 2742-2766 | Sentence | denotes | Data curation: SBK, JSY. |
| T25 | 2767-2793 | Sentence | denotes | Formal analysis: SBK, JSY. |
| T26 | 2794-2813 | Sentence | denotes | Investigation: SBK. |
| T27 | 2814-2831 | Sentence | denotes | Methodology: SBK. |
| T28 | 2832-2860 | Sentence | denotes | Project administration: JSY. |
| T29 | 2861-2876 | Sentence | denotes | Resources: SBK. |
| T30 | 2877-2891 | Sentence | denotes | Software: SBK. |
| T31 | 2892-2909 | Sentence | denotes | Supervision: JSY. |
| T32 | 2910-2926 | Sentence | denotes | Validation: JSY. |
| T33 | 2927-2946 | Sentence | denotes | Visualization: SBK. |
| T34 | 2947-2977 | Sentence | denotes | Writing - original draft: SBK. |
| T35 | 2978-3010 | Sentence | denotes | Writing - review & editing: JSY. |