PMC:7317273 / 18212-20180
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T124","span":{"begin":999,"end":1008},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T125","span":{"begin":1102,"end":1106},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T126","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1381},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T127","span":{"begin":1393,"end":1397},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T128","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1476},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T129","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1529},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T130","span":{"begin":1601,"end":1605},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T131","span":{"begin":1769,"end":1773},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T132","span":{"begin":1890,"end":1894},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T133","span":{"begin":1935,"end":1939},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A124","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T124","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050"},{"id":"A125","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T125","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A126","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T126","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646"},{"id":"A127","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T127","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195"},{"id":"A128","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T128","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195"},{"id":"A129","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T129","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195"},{"id":"A130","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T130","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195"},{"id":"A131","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T131","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195"},{"id":"A132","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T132","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195"},{"id":"A133","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T133","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195"}],"text":"Despite years of success in MSC research, some of the challenges faced for successful transplantation therapy include heterogeneous treatment response, low number, and source-specific immunomodulatory response [22]. Interestingly, the reparative effects noticed in vivo indicate that clinical efficacy depends on the microenvironment of the transplants [23]. Therefore, the therapeutic capability of MSCs can be regulated and is an attractive area for investigation. However, resting stage MSCs do not show the above potentials; it is only when they are exposed to a stimuli milieu, they demonstrate immunomodulatory or homing potentials [24, 25]. This indicates that the modulatory activity is not constitutively expressed by MSCs but is determined by the process of ‘priming’ to be obtained. Therefore, the empowerment of MSCs by priming before a clinical application may be a potential solution to overcome the challenges that hinder the effectiveness of MSC outcomes. Priming, with inflammatory cytokines, is a process to modulate biological, biochemical or biophysical features that can influence cell fate [26, 27]. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed to improve the effectiveness, endurance and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs [28, 29]. Worth mentioning, the approaches utilizing MSCs, and especially the primed MSCs, could be vital for the success of cell therapy in lung complications, as the intravenously infused MSCs often get trapped in the lung; however, the retention time of MSCs within the lung is extremely short [30]. Though, the alteration in holding capacity of lung in a diseased scenario cannot be ruled out. As primed MSCs could efficiently enhance retention [31], beside intensifying homing [17], and survival [32] in damaged lung, therefore, activation via priming could be a crucial mechanism for retention and engraftment of MSCs in a diseased lung, subsequently providing benefits to the lung through multiple mechanisms."}
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":1393,"end":1397},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1476},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1529},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":1601,"end":1605},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":1769,"end":1773},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":1890,"end":1894},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":1935,"end":1939},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A36","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"A37","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T37","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"A38","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"A39","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T39","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"A40","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"A41","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"A42","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T42","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"}],"text":"Despite years of success in MSC research, some of the challenges faced for successful transplantation therapy include heterogeneous treatment response, low number, and source-specific immunomodulatory response [22]. Interestingly, the reparative effects noticed in vivo indicate that clinical efficacy depends on the microenvironment of the transplants [23]. Therefore, the therapeutic capability of MSCs can be regulated and is an attractive area for investigation. However, resting stage MSCs do not show the above potentials; it is only when they are exposed to a stimuli milieu, they demonstrate immunomodulatory or homing potentials [24, 25]. This indicates that the modulatory activity is not constitutively expressed by MSCs but is determined by the process of ‘priming’ to be obtained. Therefore, the empowerment of MSCs by priming before a clinical application may be a potential solution to overcome the challenges that hinder the effectiveness of MSC outcomes. Priming, with inflammatory cytokines, is a process to modulate biological, biochemical or biophysical features that can influence cell fate [26, 27]. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed to improve the effectiveness, endurance and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs [28, 29]. Worth mentioning, the approaches utilizing MSCs, and especially the primed MSCs, could be vital for the success of cell therapy in lung complications, as the intravenously infused MSCs often get trapped in the lung; however, the retention time of MSCs within the lung is extremely short [30]. Though, the alteration in holding capacity of lung in a diseased scenario cannot be ruled out. As primed MSCs could efficiently enhance retention [31], beside intensifying homing [17], and survival [32] in damaged lung, therefore, activation via priming could be a crucial mechanism for retention and engraftment of MSCs in a diseased lung, subsequently providing benefits to the lung through multiple mechanisms."}
LitCovid-PD-CLO
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T205","span":{"begin":65,"end":70},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456"},{"id":"T206","span":{"begin":211,"end":213},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507"},{"id":"T207","span":{"begin":565,"end":566},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T208","span":{"begin":683,"end":691},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T209","span":{"begin":847,"end":848},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T210","span":{"begin":877,"end":878},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T211","span":{"begin":1013,"end":1014},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T212","span":{"begin":1102,"end":1106},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T213","span":{"begin":1117,"end":1119},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509"},{"id":"T214","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1381},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623"},{"id":"T215","span":{"begin":1393,"end":1397},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"T216","span":{"begin":1393,"end":1397},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934"},{"id":"T217","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1476},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"T218","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1476},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934"},{"id":"T219","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1529},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"T220","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1529},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934"},{"id":"T221","span":{"begin":1533,"end":1542},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000876"},{"id":"T222","span":{"begin":1601,"end":1605},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"T223","span":{"begin":1601,"end":1605},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934"},{"id":"T224","span":{"begin":1609,"end":1610},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T225","span":{"begin":1769,"end":1773},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"T226","span":{"begin":1769,"end":1773},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934"},{"id":"T227","span":{"begin":1786,"end":1796},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T228","span":{"begin":1818,"end":1819},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T229","span":{"begin":1879,"end":1880},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T230","span":{"begin":1890,"end":1894},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"T231","span":{"begin":1890,"end":1894},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934"},{"id":"T232","span":{"begin":1935,"end":1939},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"T233","span":{"begin":1935,"end":1939},"obj":"http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934"}],"text":"Despite years of success in MSC research, some of the challenges faced for successful transplantation therapy include heterogeneous treatment response, low number, and source-specific immunomodulatory response [22]. Interestingly, the reparative effects noticed in vivo indicate that clinical efficacy depends on the microenvironment of the transplants [23]. Therefore, the therapeutic capability of MSCs can be regulated and is an attractive area for investigation. However, resting stage MSCs do not show the above potentials; it is only when they are exposed to a stimuli milieu, they demonstrate immunomodulatory or homing potentials [24, 25]. This indicates that the modulatory activity is not constitutively expressed by MSCs but is determined by the process of ‘priming’ to be obtained. Therefore, the empowerment of MSCs by priming before a clinical application may be a potential solution to overcome the challenges that hinder the effectiveness of MSC outcomes. Priming, with inflammatory cytokines, is a process to modulate biological, biochemical or biophysical features that can influence cell fate [26, 27]. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed to improve the effectiveness, endurance and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs [28, 29]. Worth mentioning, the approaches utilizing MSCs, and especially the primed MSCs, could be vital for the success of cell therapy in lung complications, as the intravenously infused MSCs often get trapped in the lung; however, the retention time of MSCs within the lung is extremely short [30]. Though, the alteration in holding capacity of lung in a diseased scenario cannot be ruled out. As primed MSCs could efficiently enhance retention [31], beside intensifying homing [17], and survival [32] in damaged lung, therefore, activation via priming could be a crucial mechanism for retention and engraftment of MSCs in a diseased lung, subsequently providing benefits to the lung through multiple mechanisms."}
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":858,"end":869},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":889,"end":897},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A82","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T82","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232"},{"id":"A83","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T83","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75958"}],"text":"Despite years of success in MSC research, some of the challenges faced for successful transplantation therapy include heterogeneous treatment response, low number, and source-specific immunomodulatory response [22]. Interestingly, the reparative effects noticed in vivo indicate that clinical efficacy depends on the microenvironment of the transplants [23]. Therefore, the therapeutic capability of MSCs can be regulated and is an attractive area for investigation. However, resting stage MSCs do not show the above potentials; it is only when they are exposed to a stimuli milieu, they demonstrate immunomodulatory or homing potentials [24, 25]. This indicates that the modulatory activity is not constitutively expressed by MSCs but is determined by the process of ‘priming’ to be obtained. Therefore, the empowerment of MSCs by priming before a clinical application may be a potential solution to overcome the challenges that hinder the effectiveness of MSC outcomes. Priming, with inflammatory cytokines, is a process to modulate biological, biochemical or biophysical features that can influence cell fate [26, 27]. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed to improve the effectiveness, endurance and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs [28, 29]. Worth mentioning, the approaches utilizing MSCs, and especially the primed MSCs, could be vital for the success of cell therapy in lung complications, as the intravenously infused MSCs often get trapped in the lung; however, the retention time of MSCs within the lung is extremely short [30]. Though, the alteration in holding capacity of lung in a diseased scenario cannot be ruled out. As primed MSCs could efficiently enhance retention [31], beside intensifying homing [17], and survival [32] in damaged lung, therefore, activation via priming could be a crucial mechanism for retention and engraftment of MSCs in a diseased lung, subsequently providing benefits to the lung through multiple mechanisms."}
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1491,"end":1500},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1691,"end":1700},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1842,"end":1851},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235"}],"text":"Despite years of success in MSC research, some of the challenges faced for successful transplantation therapy include heterogeneous treatment response, low number, and source-specific immunomodulatory response [22]. Interestingly, the reparative effects noticed in vivo indicate that clinical efficacy depends on the microenvironment of the transplants [23]. Therefore, the therapeutic capability of MSCs can be regulated and is an attractive area for investigation. However, resting stage MSCs do not show the above potentials; it is only when they are exposed to a stimuli milieu, they demonstrate immunomodulatory or homing potentials [24, 25]. This indicates that the modulatory activity is not constitutively expressed by MSCs but is determined by the process of ‘priming’ to be obtained. Therefore, the empowerment of MSCs by priming before a clinical application may be a potential solution to overcome the challenges that hinder the effectiveness of MSC outcomes. Priming, with inflammatory cytokines, is a process to modulate biological, biochemical or biophysical features that can influence cell fate [26, 27]. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed to improve the effectiveness, endurance and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs [28, 29]. Worth mentioning, the approaches utilizing MSCs, and especially the primed MSCs, could be vital for the success of cell therapy in lung complications, as the intravenously infused MSCs often get trapped in the lung; however, the retention time of MSCs within the lung is extremely short [30]. Though, the alteration in holding capacity of lung in a diseased scenario cannot be ruled out. As primed MSCs could efficiently enhance retention [31], beside intensifying homing [17], and survival [32] in damaged lung, therefore, activation via priming could be a crucial mechanism for retention and engraftment of MSCs in a diseased lung, subsequently providing benefits to the lung through multiple mechanisms."}
LitCovid-sentences
{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T310","span":{"begin":0,"end":215},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T311","span":{"begin":216,"end":358},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T312","span":{"begin":359,"end":466},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T313","span":{"begin":467,"end":647},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T314","span":{"begin":648,"end":793},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T315","span":{"begin":794,"end":971},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T316","span":{"begin":972,"end":1121},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T317","span":{"begin":1122,"end":1261},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T318","span":{"begin":1262,"end":1554},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T319","span":{"begin":1555,"end":1649},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T320","span":{"begin":1650,"end":1968},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Despite years of success in MSC research, some of the challenges faced for successful transplantation therapy include heterogeneous treatment response, low number, and source-specific immunomodulatory response [22]. Interestingly, the reparative effects noticed in vivo indicate that clinical efficacy depends on the microenvironment of the transplants [23]. Therefore, the therapeutic capability of MSCs can be regulated and is an attractive area for investigation. However, resting stage MSCs do not show the above potentials; it is only when they are exposed to a stimuli milieu, they demonstrate immunomodulatory or homing potentials [24, 25]. This indicates that the modulatory activity is not constitutively expressed by MSCs but is determined by the process of ‘priming’ to be obtained. Therefore, the empowerment of MSCs by priming before a clinical application may be a potential solution to overcome the challenges that hinder the effectiveness of MSC outcomes. Priming, with inflammatory cytokines, is a process to modulate biological, biochemical or biophysical features that can influence cell fate [26, 27]. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed to improve the effectiveness, endurance and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs [28, 29]. Worth mentioning, the approaches utilizing MSCs, and especially the primed MSCs, could be vital for the success of cell therapy in lung complications, as the intravenously infused MSCs often get trapped in the lung; however, the retention time of MSCs within the lung is extremely short [30]. Though, the alteration in holding capacity of lung in a diseased scenario cannot be ruled out. As primed MSCs could efficiently enhance retention [31], beside intensifying homing [17], and survival [32] in damaged lung, therefore, activation via priming could be a crucial mechanism for retention and engraftment of MSCs in a diseased lung, subsequently providing benefits to the lung through multiple mechanisms."}
2_test
{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32592163-22468918-140679187","span":{"begin":211,"end":213},"obj":"22468918"},{"id":"32592163-26153898-140679188","span":{"begin":354,"end":356},"obj":"26153898"},{"id":"32592163-31129018-140679189","span":{"begin":639,"end":641},"obj":"31129018"},{"id":"32592163-18371435-140679190","span":{"begin":643,"end":645},"obj":"18371435"},{"id":"32592163-31559908-140679191","span":{"begin":1257,"end":1259},"obj":"31559908"},{"id":"32592163-29348155-140679192","span":{"begin":1550,"end":1552},"obj":"29348155"},{"id":"32592163-30841904-140679193","span":{"begin":1735,"end":1737},"obj":"30841904"}],"text":"Despite years of success in MSC research, some of the challenges faced for successful transplantation therapy include heterogeneous treatment response, low number, and source-specific immunomodulatory response [22]. Interestingly, the reparative effects noticed in vivo indicate that clinical efficacy depends on the microenvironment of the transplants [23]. Therefore, the therapeutic capability of MSCs can be regulated and is an attractive area for investigation. However, resting stage MSCs do not show the above potentials; it is only when they are exposed to a stimuli milieu, they demonstrate immunomodulatory or homing potentials [24, 25]. This indicates that the modulatory activity is not constitutively expressed by MSCs but is determined by the process of ‘priming’ to be obtained. Therefore, the empowerment of MSCs by priming before a clinical application may be a potential solution to overcome the challenges that hinder the effectiveness of MSC outcomes. Priming, with inflammatory cytokines, is a process to modulate biological, biochemical or biophysical features that can influence cell fate [26, 27]. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed to improve the effectiveness, endurance and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs [28, 29]. Worth mentioning, the approaches utilizing MSCs, and especially the primed MSCs, could be vital for the success of cell therapy in lung complications, as the intravenously infused MSCs often get trapped in the lung; however, the retention time of MSCs within the lung is extremely short [30]. Though, the alteration in holding capacity of lung in a diseased scenario cannot be ruled out. As primed MSCs could efficiently enhance retention [31], beside intensifying homing [17], and survival [32] in damaged lung, therefore, activation via priming could be a crucial mechanism for retention and engraftment of MSCs in a diseased lung, subsequently providing benefits to the lung through multiple mechanisms."}
LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB
{"project":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB","denotations":[{"id":"T323","span":{"begin":400,"end":404},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T324","span":{"begin":412,"end":421},"obj":"GO:0065007"},{"id":"T325","span":{"begin":490,"end":494},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T326","span":{"begin":672,"end":682},"obj":"GO:0065007"},{"id":"T327","span":{"begin":714,"end":723},"obj":"GO:0010467"},{"id":"T328","span":{"begin":727,"end":731},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T329","span":{"begin":824,"end":828},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T330","span":{"begin":889,"end":897},"obj":"CHEBI:75958;CHEBI:75958"},{"id":"T331","span":{"begin":1026,"end":1034},"obj":"GO:0065007"},{"id":"T332","span":{"begin":1247,"end":1251},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T333","span":{"begin":1305,"end":1309},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T334","span":{"begin":1337,"end":1341},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T335","span":{"begin":1393,"end":1397},"obj":"UBERON:0002048"},{"id":"T336","span":{"begin":1442,"end":1446},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T337","span":{"begin":1472,"end":1476},"obj":"UBERON:0002048"},{"id":"T338","span":{"begin":1509,"end":1513},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T339","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1529},"obj":"UBERON:0002048"},{"id":"T340","span":{"begin":1601,"end":1605},"obj":"UBERON:0002048"},{"id":"T341","span":{"begin":1660,"end":1664},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T342","span":{"begin":1769,"end":1773},"obj":"UBERON:0002048"},{"id":"T343","span":{"begin":1871,"end":1875},"obj":"DG_47"},{"id":"T344","span":{"begin":1890,"end":1894},"obj":"UBERON:0002048"},{"id":"T345","span":{"begin":1935,"end":1939},"obj":"UBERON:0002048"}],"text":"Despite years of success in MSC research, some of the challenges faced for successful transplantation therapy include heterogeneous treatment response, low number, and source-specific immunomodulatory response [22]. Interestingly, the reparative effects noticed in vivo indicate that clinical efficacy depends on the microenvironment of the transplants [23]. Therefore, the therapeutic capability of MSCs can be regulated and is an attractive area for investigation. However, resting stage MSCs do not show the above potentials; it is only when they are exposed to a stimuli milieu, they demonstrate immunomodulatory or homing potentials [24, 25]. This indicates that the modulatory activity is not constitutively expressed by MSCs but is determined by the process of ‘priming’ to be obtained. Therefore, the empowerment of MSCs by priming before a clinical application may be a potential solution to overcome the challenges that hinder the effectiveness of MSC outcomes. Priming, with inflammatory cytokines, is a process to modulate biological, biochemical or biophysical features that can influence cell fate [26, 27]. In recent years, several approaches have been proposed to improve the effectiveness, endurance and therapeutic efficiency of MSCs [28, 29]. Worth mentioning, the approaches utilizing MSCs, and especially the primed MSCs, could be vital for the success of cell therapy in lung complications, as the intravenously infused MSCs often get trapped in the lung; however, the retention time of MSCs within the lung is extremely short [30]. Though, the alteration in holding capacity of lung in a diseased scenario cannot be ruled out. As primed MSCs could efficiently enhance retention [31], beside intensifying homing [17], and survival [32] in damaged lung, therefore, activation via priming could be a crucial mechanism for retention and engraftment of MSCs in a diseased lung, subsequently providing benefits to the lung through multiple mechanisms."}