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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
1 35-43 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
4 158-182 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
5 184-192 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
10 548-595 Species denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Tax:2697049
11 597-607 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
12 714-724 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
13 399-407 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
16 1117-1127 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
17 768-776 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
20 1247-1257 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
21 1320-1328 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
28 1639-1654 Disease denotes viral pneumonia
29 1689-1713 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
30 1715-1723 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
31 1966-1974 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
32 2122-2128 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
33 2184-2190 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
39 2660-2666 Species denotes people Tax:9606
40 2399-2407 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
41 2500-2508 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
42 2703-2711 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
43 2835-2843 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
48 3535-3582 Species denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Tax:2697049
49 3584-3594 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
50 2962-2970 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
51 3332-3340 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
63 3900-3906 Species denotes people Tax:9606
64 4133-4141 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
65 4170-4176 Species denotes people Tax:9606
66 4208-4214 Species denotes people Tax:9606
67 4374-4382 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
68 4549-4559 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
69 3927-3935 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
70 4025-4033 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
71 4118-4126 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
72 4220-4229 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
73 4473-4481 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
79 5008-5055 Species denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Tax:2697049
80 5057-5067 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
81 4874-4882 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
82 4919-4943 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
83 4945-4953 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
87 5281-5291 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
88 5404-5414 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
89 5177-5185 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
93 5743-5749 Species denotes people Tax:9606
94 5638-5646 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
95 5697-5706 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
98 6081-6089 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
99 6238-6257 Disease denotes Infectious Diseases MESH:D003141
105 6376-6382 Species denotes people Tax:9606
106 6624-6630 Species denotes people Tax:9606
107 6759-6765 Species denotes people Tax:9606
108 6398-6406 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
109 6781-6789 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
112 7529-7535 Species denotes people Tax:9606
113 7413-7421 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
120 8232-8250 Gene denotes C-reactive protein Gene:1401
121 8038-8044 Species denotes people Tax:9606
122 8327-8335 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
123 8344-8353 Chemical denotes lopinavir MESH:D061466
124 8368-8377 Chemical denotes ritonavir MESH:D019438
125 8060-8068 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
128 8724-8733 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
129 8954-8962 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
131 9276-9284 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
133 9896-9904 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
136 9918-9921 Gene denotes Age Gene:5973
137 10141-10165 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
148 10311-10314 Gene denotes Age Gene:5973
149 10592-10607 Disease denotes Chronic illness MESH:D002908
150 10689-10703 Disease denotes Symptoms Fever MESH:D051271
151 10713-10718 Disease denotes Cough MESH:D003371
152 10748-10767 Disease denotes Shortness of breath MESH:D004417
153 10776-10783 Disease denotes Myalgia MESH:D063806
154 10792-10801 Disease denotes Diarrhoea MESH:D003967
155 10816-10820 Disease denotes pain MESH:D010146
156 10847-10853 Disease denotes Nausea MESH:D009325
157 10857-10865 Disease denotes vomiting MESH:D014839
159 10268-10278 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
162 11043-11053 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
163 11054-11101 Species denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Tax:2697049
167 11105-11122 Disease denotes Allergic rhinitis MESH:D065631
168 11130-11142 Disease denotes hypertension MESH:D006973
169 11154-11174 Disease denotes cervical spondylosis MESH:D055009
176 9343-9349 Species denotes people Tax:9606
177 9420-9426 Species denotes people Tax:9606
178 9486-9492 Species denotes people Tax:9606
179 9560-9570 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
180 9706-9712 Species denotes people Tax:9606
181 9323-9331 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
195 11344-11347 Gene denotes AC1 Gene:10141
196 11637-11641 Gene denotes AGX1 Gene:6675
197 11646-11650 Gene denotes AGX2 Gene:6675
198 11892-11896 Gene denotes AGX1 Gene:6675
199 11901-11905 Gene denotes AGX2 Gene:6675
200 12296-12300 Gene denotes AGX1 Gene:6675
201 12305-12309 Gene denotes AGX2 Gene:6675
202 11352-11355 Gene denotes AC2 Gene:108
203 11542-11548 Species denotes people Tax:9606
204 12108-12120 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
205 12254-12264 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
206 11319-11327 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
207 11432-11440 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
215 12487-12491 Gene denotes AGX1 Gene:6675
216 12496-12500 Gene denotes AGX2 Gene:6675
217 12553-12563 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
218 12638-12650 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
219 12426-12434 Disease denotes coughing MESH:D003371
220 12526-12534 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
221 12600-12620 Disease denotes respiratory symptoms MESH:D012818
233 13104-13107 Gene denotes AC2 Gene:108
234 13109-13112 Gene denotes AC3 Gene:109
235 13118-13121 Gene denotes AC4 Gene:196883
236 13289-13292 Gene denotes AC1 Gene:10141
237 13294-13297 Gene denotes AC2 Gene:108
238 13299-13302 Gene denotes AC3 Gene:109
239 13308-13311 Gene denotes AC4 Gene:196883
240 13532-13535 Gene denotes AC1 Gene:10141
241 13542-13545 Gene denotes AH2 Gene:84083
242 13099-13102 Gene denotes AC1 Gene:10141
243 13193-13201 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
249 13782-13785 Gene denotes AC4 Gene:196883
250 14049-14052 Gene denotes AC1 Gene:10141
251 13774-13777 Gene denotes AC3 Gene:109
252 13846-13856 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
253 14120-14130 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
255 14192-14195 Gene denotes AH2 Gene:84083
261 14606-14618 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
262 14774-14786 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
263 14896-14906 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
264 15016-15028 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
265 14378-14386 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
267 15711-15723 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
274 15936-15948 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
275 16031-16037 Species denotes people Tax:9606
276 16122-16132 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
277 16065-16070 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
278 16072-16092 Disease denotes respiratory symptoms MESH:D012818
279 16534-16542 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
286 16688-16694 Species denotes people Tax:9606
287 16787-16797 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
288 16984-16990 Species denotes people Tax:9606
289 17273-17279 Species denotes people Tax:9606
290 16812-16821 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
291 16996-17004 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
294 17996-18002 Species denotes people Tax:9606
295 18189-18199 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
300 19132-19138 Species denotes people Tax:9606
301 18969-18978 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
302 19075-19084 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
303 19317-19325 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
305 19869-19877 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
307 19892-19916 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
315 20357-20363 Species denotes people Tax:9606
316 20418-20424 Species denotes people Tax:9606
317 19968-19973 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
318 19978-19983 Disease denotes cough MESH:D003371
319 20161-20166 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
320 20365-20376 Disease denotes Lymphopenia MESH:D008231
321 20429-20445 Disease denotes thrombocytopenia MESH:D013921
326 20775-20785 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
327 20886-20892 Chemical denotes oxygen MESH:D010100
328 21056-21065 Chemical denotes lopinavir MESH:D061466
329 21085-21091 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
332 21218-21226 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
333 21357-21365 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
336 21676-21681 Species denotes human Tax:9606
337 21685-21690 Species denotes human Tax:9606
348 22893-22899 Species denotes people Tax:9606
349 23068-23074 Species denotes people Tax:9606
350 23362-23370 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
351 23486-23494 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
352 23945-23955 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
353 24189-24199 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
354 23042-23051 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
355 23324-23333 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
356 23931-23939 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
357 24116-24124 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
360 24838-24841 Gene denotes aid Gene:57379
361 24636-24648 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
364 25211-25223 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
365 24895-24903 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
375 25763-25766 Gene denotes AC2 Gene:108
376 26025-26028 Gene denotes AC2 Gene:108
377 26237-26240 Gene denotes AC2 Gene:108
378 26249-26252 Gene denotes AC2 Gene:108
379 25928-25931 Gene denotes AC2 Gene:108
380 26157-26163 Species denotes people Tax:9606
381 26038-26047 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
382 26100-26110 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
383 26262-26271 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 3937-3945 Body_part denotes appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T2 4596-4604 Body_part denotes appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T3 8130-8135 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T4 8172-8177 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T5 8195-8200 Body_part denotes liver http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7197
T6 8243-8250 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T7 10733-10739 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738
T8 10810-10815 Body_part denotes Chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576
T9 10835-10839 Body_part denotes nose http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma46472
T10 10873-10878 Body_part denotes Chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576
T11 14003-14007 Body_part denotes sole http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma25000
T12 14304-14312 Body_part denotes appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542
T13 20236-20241 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576
T14 20389-20394 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T15 20458-20463 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T16 25562-25566 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T17 27716-27724 Body_part denotes appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 8130-8135 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T2 8172-8177 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T3 8195-8200 Body_part denotes liver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002107
T4 10733-10739 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341
T5 10810-10815 Body_part denotes Chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443
T6 10835-10839 Body_part denotes nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000004
T7 10873-10878 Body_part denotes Chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443
T8 20236-20241 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443
T9 25562-25566 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T10 28119-28123 Body_part denotes Y-SL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2000088

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 35-43 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T2 158-182 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T3 184-192 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T4 399-407 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T5 548-595 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T6 548-581 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T7 597-605 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T8 714-722 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T9 768-776 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T10 1117-1125 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T11 1247-1255 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T12 1320-1328 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T13 1639-1654 Disease denotes viral pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006012
T14 1645-1654 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T15 1689-1713 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T16 1715-1723 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T17 1966-1974 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T18 2399-2407 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T19 2500-2508 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T20 2703-2711 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T21 2835-2843 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T22 2962-2970 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T23 3034-3048 Disease denotes infectiousness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T24 3332-3340 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T25 3535-3582 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T26 3535-3568 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T27 3584-3592 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T28 3927-3935 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T29 4118-4126 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T30 4220-4229 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T31 4265-4274 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T32 4473-4481 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T33 4549-4557 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T34 4874-4882 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T35 4919-4943 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T36 4945-4953 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T37 5008-5055 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T38 5008-5041 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T39 5057-5065 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T40 5177-5185 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T41 5281-5289 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T42 5404-5412 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T43 5638-5646 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T44 5697-5706 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T45 5710-5719 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T46 6081-6089 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T47 6238-6248 Disease denotes Infectious http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T48 6398-6406 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T49 6781-6789 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T50 7413-7421 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T51 8060-8068 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T52 8724-8733 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T53 8954-8962 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T54 9276-9284 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T55 9323-9331 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T56 9560-9568 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T57 9896-9904 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T58 10132-10140 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T59 10141-10165 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T60 10268-10276 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T61 10728-10739 Disease denotes Sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002258
T62 10792-10801 Disease denotes Diarrhoea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001673
T63 10829-10839 Disease denotes Runny nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003014
T64 11043-11051 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T65 11054-11101 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T66 11054-11087 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T67 11105-11122 Disease denotes Allergic rhinitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011786
T68 11114-11122 Disease denotes rhinitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003014
T69 11130-11142 Disease denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044
T70 11163-11174 Disease denotes spondylosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002253
T71 11319-11327 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T72 11432-11440 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T73 12220-12223 Disease denotes AT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008840
T74 12254-12262 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T75 12416-12419 Disease denotes AT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008840
T76 12526-12534 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T77 12553-12561 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T78 13193-13201 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T79 13846-13854 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T80 14120-14128 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T81 14206-14209 Disease denotes AT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008840
T82 14378-14386 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T83 14896-14904 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T84 16122-16130 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T85 16534-16542 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T86 16787-16795 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T87 16812-16821 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T88 16996-17004 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T89 18189-18197 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T90 18969-18978 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T91 19075-19084 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T92 19869-19877 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T93 19883-19891 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T94 19892-19916 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T95 20365-20376 Disease denotes Lymphopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003783
T96 20429-20445 Disease denotes thrombocytopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002049
T97 20775-20783 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T98 21218-21226 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T99 21357-21365 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T100 23042-23051 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T101 23324-23333 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T102 23945-23953 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T103 24116-24124 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T104 24189-24197 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T105 24895-24903 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T106 26038-26047 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T107 26100-26110 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T108 26262-26271 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T109 27939-27943 Disease denotes SM-S http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008434|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008491
T111 28108-28110 Disease denotes MI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005068

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 204-205 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T2 229-230 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T3 255-256 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T4 466-471 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 denotes field
T5 756-758 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T6 1144-1147 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 3–6
T7 1626-1627 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T8 2000-2001 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T9 2259-2260 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T10 2330-2335 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T11 2647-2649 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T12 2727-2729 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T13 2876-2877 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T14 2901-2902 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T15 2927-2928 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T16 3085-3095 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activities
T17 3855-3858 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T18 3946-3949 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008337 denotes p 4
T19 4109-4113 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T20 4369-4373 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T21 4453-4454 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T22 4515-4516 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T23 4567-4568 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T24 4590-4594 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T25 4605-4608 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008285 denotes p 1
T26 4605-4608 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008286 denotes p 1
T27 4899-4900 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T28 5069-5072 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T29 5572-5577 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T30 5851-5857 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T31 6478-6486 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T32 6641-6642 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T33 6672-6673 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T34 7194-7202 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T35 7627-7637 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing as
T36 7646-7652 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T37 7736-7737 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T38 7806-7807 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T39 7828-7834 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes device
T40 7960-7961 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T41 8130-8135 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T42 8130-8135 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T43 8161-8162 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T44 8172-8177 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T45 8172-8177 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T46 8195-8200 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002107 denotes liver
T47 8195-8200 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000887 denotes liver
T48 8210-8215 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T49 9285-9287 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T50 9403-9404 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T51 9417-9419 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T52 9429-9430 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T53 9540-9546 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T54 9726-9727 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T55 9748-9749 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T56 10248-10254 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T57 10327-10329 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T58 10341-10345 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003101 denotes Male
T59 10341-10345 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000970 denotes Male
T60 10349-10351 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T61 10354-10360 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003100 denotes Female
T62 10396-10398 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001527 denotes 94
T63 10458-10460 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T64 10489-10490 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T65 10542-10543 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T66 10568-10570 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T67 10616-10618 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T68 10771-10773 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000 denotes 35
T69 10810-10815 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes Chest
T70 10824-10826 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T71 10835-10839 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000828 denotes nose
T72 10873-10878 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes Chest
T73 11228-11229 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T74 11344-11347 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050355 denotes AC1
T75 11352-11355 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649 denotes AC2
T76 11450-11456 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T77 11653-11654 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T78 11799-11801 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T79 11854-11856 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T80 11878-11879 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T81 12007-12009 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T82 12234-12240 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T83 12782-12783 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T84 12823-12824 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T85 13099-13102 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050355 denotes AC1
T86 13104-13107 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649 denotes AC2
T87 13289-13292 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050355 denotes AC1
T88 13294-13297 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649 denotes AC2
T89 13532-13535 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050355 denotes AC1
T90 13826-13832 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T91 13913-13919 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T92 14049-14052 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050355 denotes AC1
T93 14086-14092 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T94 14331-14332 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T95 14368-14369 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T96 14476-14477 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T97 14498-14499 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T98 14657-14659 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T99 14852-14854 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001812 denotes B3
T100 14860-14862 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001818 denotes B5
T101 14872-14874 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001438 denotes B7
T102 14876-14882 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T103 15209-15210 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T104 15265-15266 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T105 15456-15458 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001812 denotes B3
T106 15471-15473 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001438 denotes B7
T107 15510-15513 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001577 denotes a 3
T108 15629-15635 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001800 denotes B1, B3
T109 15645-15647 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001818 denotes B5
T110 15657-15658 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T111 15702-15704 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T112 15735-15738 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050884 denotes ten
T113 15787-15789 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001812 denotes B3
T114 15800-15802 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001438 denotes B7
T115 16111-16117 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T116 16158-16160 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001818 denotes B5
T117 16162-16168 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T118 16186-16191 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T119 16238-16246 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T120 16612-16614 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001438 denotes B7
T121 16718-16720 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0037284 denotes C4
T122 16767-16773 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T123 16836-16844 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes Activity
T124 16927-16929 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002131 denotes C5
T125 16953-16959 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T126 17047-17049 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051741 denotes C1
T127 17054-17056 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002105 denotes C2
T128 17054-17056 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051742 denotes C2
T129 17198-17200 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051741 denotes C1
T130 17205-17207 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002105 denotes C2
T131 17205-17207 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051742 denotes C2
T132 17410-17411 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T133 17483-17485 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T134 17495-17497 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051741 denotes C1
T135 17502-17504 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002105 denotes C2
T136 17502-17504 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051742 denotes C2
T137 17730-17732 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002131 denotes C5
T138 17769-17771 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051741 denotes C1
T139 17776-17778 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002105 denotes C2
T140 17776-17778 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051742 denotes C2
T141 18169-18175 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T142 18198-18203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001230 denotes 2. 93
T143 18198-18203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0037237 denotes 2. 93
T144 18198-18203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050903 denotes 2. 93
T145 18198-18203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054249 denotes 2. 93
T146 18198-18203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054250 denotes 2. 93
T147 18198-18203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054251 denotes 2. 93
T148 18198-18203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054252 denotes 2. 93
T149 18485-18486 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T150 18722-18724 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T151 18783-18793 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activities
T152 18902-18903 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T153 18937-18947 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activities
T154 19234-19237 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 3–6
T155 19329-19330 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T156 19595-19598 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 3–6
T157 19682-19689 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001759 denotes that 31
T158 19750-19752 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001438 denotes B7
T159 20098-20101 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001602 denotes a 6
T160 20098-20101 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001603 denotes a 6
T161 20098-20101 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050248 denotes a 6
T162 20098-20101 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052463 denotes a 6
T163 20112-20116 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003101 denotes male
T164 20112-20116 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000970 denotes male
T165 20236-20241 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes chest
T166 20379-20382 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 1·1
T167 20389-20394 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T168 20458-20463 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T169 20815-20822 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T170 21269-21270 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T171 21315-21316 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T172 21415-21416 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T173 21676-21681 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T174 21685-21690 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T175 21730-21732 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T176 21799-21800 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T177 21889-21891 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T178 22276-22277 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T179 22305-22306 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T180 22541-22543 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T181 22784-22785 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T182 22905-22906 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T183 23151-23152 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T184 23236-23243 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T185 23294-23297 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050884 denotes ten
T186 23351-23358 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T187 23481-23485 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T188 23682-23687 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T189 24038-24043 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T190 24200-24205 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T191 24260-24261 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T192 24437-24438 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T193 24845-24851 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T194 25101-25102 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T195 25159-25169 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activities
T196 25257-25258 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T197 25475-25476 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T198 25578-25579 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T199 25726-25727 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T200 25763-25766 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649 denotes AC2
T201 25928-25931 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649 denotes AC2
T202 26025-26028 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649 denotes AC2
T203 26237-26240 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649 denotes AC2
T204 26249-26252 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001649 denotes AC2
T205 26291-26292 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T206 26344-26349 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002215 denotes C, C1
T207 26391-26393 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002105 denotes C2
T208 26391-26393 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051742 denotes C2
T209 27435-27442 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focused
T210 27592-27598 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T211 27757-27759 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008954 denotes SC
T212 27945-27948 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009376 denotes TMM
T213 27950-27952 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000453 denotes LC
T214 27993-28000 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T215 28022-28024 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000005794 denotes CP
T216 28783-28788 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007091 denotes Kelly
T217 29001-29003 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001022 denotes Li
T218 29001-29003 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007314 denotes Li
T219 29063-29065 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001022 denotes Li
T220 29063-29065 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007314 denotes Li

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 211-216 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T2 1612-1615 Chemical denotes Dec http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23574|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23580
T4 2883-2888 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T5 8243-8250 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T6 8255-8262 Chemical denotes lactate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24996
T7 8344-8353 Chemical denotes lopinavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781
T8 8368-8377 Chemical denotes ritonavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45409
T9 10500-10505 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T10 11885-11890 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T11 12367-12372 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T12 12632-12637 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T13 12683-12688 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T14 12758-12763 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T15 13261-13266 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T16 13542-13545 Chemical denotes AH2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499
T17 14192-14195 Chemical denotes AH2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17499
T18 14848-14850 Chemical denotes B2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51707
T19 17054-17056 Chemical denotes C2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30083
T20 17179-17181 Chemical denotes Re http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49882
T21 17205-17207 Chemical denotes C2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30083
T22 17502-17504 Chemical denotes C2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30083
T23 17776-17778 Chemical denotes C2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30083
T24 18587-18592 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T25 20112-20116 Chemical denotes male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30780
T26 20886-20892 Chemical denotes oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25805
T27 21056-21065 Chemical denotes lopinavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781
T28 21071-21080 Chemical denotes ritonavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45409
T29 21284-21289 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T30 22248-22253 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T31 26391-26393 Chemical denotes C2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30083
T32 27739-27741 Chemical denotes RP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141419
T33 27939-27941 Chemical denotes SM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17076|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74817
T35 27950-27952 Chemical denotes LC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73582
T36 28022-28024 Chemical denotes CP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3380|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73461
T38 28026-28028 Chemical denotes ML http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74705
T39 28108-28110 Chemical denotes MI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53620|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74704
T41 28111-28113 Chemical denotes CC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28940
T42 28115-28117 Chemical denotes DH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73451
T43 28121-28123 Chemical denotes SL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74815
T44 28859-28862 Chemical denotes Lin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32386
T45 29001-29003 Chemical denotes Li http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30145
T46 29063-29065 Chemical denotes Li http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30145

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 11982-11988 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060361 denotes flight
T2 15088-15098 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes Regulation

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-109 Sentence denotes Investigation of three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore: implications for surveillance and response measures
T2 111-119 Sentence denotes Abstract
T3 120-127 Sentence denotes Summary
T4 129-139 Sentence denotes Background
T5 140-311 Sentence denotes Three clusters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) linked to a tour group from China, a company conference, and a church were identified in Singapore in February, 2020.
T6 313-320 Sentence denotes Methods
T7 321-609 Sentence denotes We gathered epidemiological and clinical data from individuals with confirmed COVID-19, via interviews and inpatient medical records, and we did field investigations to assess interactions and possible modes of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
T8 610-663 Sentence denotes Open source reports were obtained for overseas cases.
T9 664-725 Sentence denotes We reported the median (IQR) incubation period of SARS-CoV-2.
T10 727-735 Sentence denotes Findings
T11 736-884 Sentence denotes As of Feb 15, 2020, 36 cases of COVID-19 were linked epidemiologically to the first three clusters of circumscribed local transmission in Singapore.
T12 885-921 Sentence denotes 425 close contacts were quarantined.
T13 922-1084 Sentence denotes Direct or prolonged close contact was reported among affected individuals, although indirect transmission (eg, via fomites and shared food) could not be excluded.
T14 1085-1149 Sentence denotes The median incubation period of SARS-CoV-2 was 4 days (IQR 3–6).
T15 1150-1230 Sentence denotes The serial interval between transmission pairs ranged between 3 days and 8 days.
T16 1232-1246 Sentence denotes Interpretation
T17 1247-1458 Sentence denotes SARS-CoV-2 is transmissible in community settings, and local clusters of COVID-19 are expected in countries with high travel volume from China before the lockdown of Wuhan and institution of travel restrictions.
T18 1459-1579 Sentence denotes Enhanced surveillance and contact tracing is essential to minimise the risk of widespread transmission in the community.
T19 1581-1588 Sentence denotes Funding
T20 1589-1594 Sentence denotes None.
T21 1596-1608 Sentence denotes Introduction
T22 1609-2247 Sentence denotes On Dec 31, 2019, a cluster of viral pneumonia cases, subsequently identified as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was reported in Wuhan, China.1 Subsequent reports suggested that community transmission had occurred in Wuhan and Hubei province, leading to the lockdown of Wuhan on Jan 23, 2020, and subsequently other cities in Hubei province, to control COVID-19 spread.2, 3 WHO declared a public health emergency of international concern on Jan 30, 2020.4 As of March 6, 2020, 98 192 confirmed cases and 3380 deaths were reported globally, including 17 481 cases and 335 deaths from 88 regions or countries outside of mainland China.5
T23 2248-2452 Sentence denotes Singapore, a city-state in southeast Asia, developed case-definitions, laboratory tests, and enhanced surveillance to detect affected individuals with COVID-19 early, to enable containment of the disease.
T24 2453-2636 Sentence denotes Singapore confirmed its first imported case of COVID-19 from Wuhan on Jan 23, 2020.6 With the lockdown of Wuhan, inbound flights from Wuhan to Singapore had ceased since Jan 23, 2020.
T25 2637-2787 Sentence denotes As of Feb 22, 2020, 89 people in Singapore were confirmed to have COVID-19, and the first 18 affected individuals all reported recent travel to Wuhan.
T26 2788-2936 Sentence denotes Singapore identified several local clusters of COVID-19, with the first three linked to a tour group from China, a company conference, and a church.
T27 2937-3021 Sentence denotes To contain the spread of COVID-19, several pertinent questions need to be addressed.
T28 3022-3058 Sentence denotes What is the infectiousness of cases?
T29 3059-3142 Sentence denotes What are the settings and activities beyond family clusters where spread can occur?
T30 3143-3216 Sentence denotes What measures should be taken to improve surveillance and case-detection?
T31 3217-3257 Sentence denotes What measures can reduce disease spread?
T32 3258-3647 Sentence denotes To answer these questions, we report data for the first three clusters of COVID-19 cases in Singapore, the epidemiological and clinical investigations done to ascertain disease characteristics and exposure types, and summary statistics to characterise the incubation period of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the serial interval between transmission pairs.
T33 3648-3776 Sentence denotes Our findings will be important for countries and cities to calibrate detection and response efforts during the ongoing epidemic.
T34 3778-3785 Sentence denotes Methods
T35 3787-3799 Sentence denotes Study design
T36 3800-3951 Sentence denotes Since Jan 2, 2020, the Ministry of Health in Singapore has been refining local case-definitions for people suspected of having COVID-19 (appendix p 4).
T37 3952-4321 Sentence denotes Doctors are required by law to notify the Ministry of Health of cases of COVID-19.7 Further, Singapore implemented enhanced surveillance on Jan 31, 2020, to test for COVID-19 among patients in intensive care units and people who died of unknown cause, all people with pneumonia in hospitals, and individuals with influenza-like illness in sentinel primary-care clinics.
T38 4322-4452 Sentence denotes Hospital-based doctors also have permission to test patients who they view with suspicion for clinical or epidemiological reasons.
T39 4453-4610 Sentence denotes A confirmed case of COVID-19 is defined as an individual with a respiratory sample positive for SARS-CoV-2, using a laboratory-based PCR test (appendix p 1).
T40 4611-4710 Sentence denotes Phylogenetic analysis is done of available viral genomic sequences to ascertain genetic clustering.
T41 4711-4730 Sentence denotes Research in context
T42 4731-4757 Sentence denotes Evidence before this study
T43 4758-4898 Sentence denotes We searched PubMed up to Feb 15, 2020 for reports published in English with no date limitations using the keywords “COVID-19” and “cluster”.
T44 4899-4991 Sentence denotes A family cluster of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Shenzhen, Guangdong.
T45 4992-5120 Sentence denotes Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has also been reported among co-workers in Germany.
T46 5121-5146 Sentence denotes Added value of this study
T47 5147-5257 Sentence denotes We analysed three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore to assess interactions and possible modes of transmission.
T48 5258-5357 Sentence denotes Our findings show that SARS-CoV-2 is transmissible in community settings beyond household clusters.
T49 5358-5511 Sentence denotes Importation and limited local transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could have occurred before the lockdown of Wuhan and China's institution of travel restrictions.
T50 5512-5554 Sentence denotes Implications of all the available evidence
T51 5555-5809 Sentence denotes Countries should focus on enhancing detection and containment of local clusters of COVID-19, through surveillance of individuals with general pneumonia or influenza-like illnesses, and of people who have been in contact with unwell travellers from China.
T52 5810-6005 Sentence denotes It is also important for countries to do active case-finding among close contacts of affected individuals, including contacts with mild symptoms, to contain clusters and stop them from spreading.
T53 6006-6141 Sentence denotes The Ministry of Health in Singapore identified the first three clusters of COVID-19 cases on Feb 3, 2020, Feb 5, 2020, and Feb 8, 2020.
T54 6142-6329 Sentence denotes All epidemiological investigations and outbreak containment measures were implemented under the Infectious Diseases Act,7 which provides for use of data for analysis to control outbreaks.
T55 6331-6360 Sentence denotes Epidemiological investigation
T56 6361-6562 Sentence denotes We interviewed people with confirmed COVID-19 to obtain data for demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, and activity patterns, from 14 days preceding symptom onset until isolation in hospital.
T57 6563-6749 Sentence denotes We initiated contact tracing to identify close contacts (ie, people who spend a prolonged time within 2 m of a confirmed case) and other contacts who had some interactions with the case.
T58 6750-6888 Sentence denotes We asked people with confirmed COVID-19 about possible contact with confirmed cases reported overseas in the 14 days before symptom onset.
T59 6889-7087 Sentence denotes We used open source information from other countries (including government websites), news aggregators (eg, ProMed), and media reports to identify secondary transmissions in the respective clusters.
T60 7088-7181 Sentence denotes For each cluster, we investigated the implicated setting to ascertain potential interactions.
T61 7182-7306 Sentence denotes We reviewed activity maps of other confirmed cases in Singapore to identify potential epidemiological links to each cluster.
T62 7307-7488 Sentence denotes We placed close contacts under quarantine for 14 days from last exposure to the individual with confirmed COVID-19, either at home or at designated government quarantine facilities.
T63 7489-7666 Sentence denotes We monitored their health status daily; people who developed symptoms were conveyed in dedicated ambulances to hospital for isolation and testing as part of active case-finding.
T64 7667-7835 Sentence denotes We video-called individuals who were quarantined at home three times a day to verify their location; quarantine violators were tagged with a continuous tracking device.
T65 7836-8004 Sentence denotes We placed other contacts (depending on risk stratification) on phone surveillance or advised them to self-monitor and visit a primary-care clinic if they became unwell.
T66 8006-8025 Sentence denotes Clinical management
T67 8026-8122 Sentence denotes We isolated people with confirmed COVID-19 in individual negative-pressure rooms with anterooms.
T68 8123-8277 Sentence denotes We did blood investigations including a complete blood count, renal and liver function tests, and amounts of C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase.
T69 8278-8399 Sentence denotes Treatment was mainly supportive; we started some patients on oral lopinavir (400 mg) with ritonavir (100 mg) twice daily.
T70 8400-8585 Sentence denotes We obtained clinical data for chronic medical illnesses, physical examinations, laboratory and radiological results, and clinical progression and outcome from inpatient medical records.
T71 8587-8624 Sentence denotes Analysis of disease transmission data
T72 8625-8770 Sentence denotes We reported the median (IQR) incubation period, defined as the duration between estimated dates of infection and reported symptom onset, using R.
T73 8771-8861 Sentence denotes We reported the serial interval range between transmission pairs in the household cluster.
T74 8862-9046 Sentence denotes We also calculated the probable number of transmissions arising from each confirmed case of COVID-19 by assuming that there was one unknown primary case for each of the three clusters.
T75 9048-9074 Sentence denotes Role of the funding source
T76 9075-9106 Sentence denotes This study received no funding.
T77 9107-9246 Sentence denotes The corresponding authors had full access to all data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication.
T78 9248-9255 Sentence denotes Results
T79 9257-9284 Sentence denotes Confirmed cases of COVID-19
T80 9285-9505 Sentence denotes 36 individuals were confirmed to have COVID-19, and these people were related to three local clusters, referred to as A (containing 11 people), B (consisting of 20 individuals), and C (comprising five people; figure 1 ).
T81 9506-9701 Sentence denotes Of these affected individuals, 17 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore, of whom only two (both from cluster C) had recent travel history to China 14 days before onset of symptoms (table ).
T82 9702-9838 Sentence denotes Two people from cluster A and 17 from cluster B were reported by the health authorities of countries where they resided or travelled to.
T83 9839-9917 Sentence denotes Figure 1 Timing of events and cases in three clusters of COVID-19 in Singapore
T84 9918-10036 Sentence denotes Age and sex are shown for each case (left panels), with other pertinent information (eg, relationship or nationality).
T85 10037-10131 Sentence denotes Timeline of events (right panels); onset dates of symptomatic cases are shown, when available.
T86 10132-10166 Sentence denotes COVID-19=coronavirus disease 2019.
T87 10167-10291 Sentence denotes Table Demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics of individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Singapore
T88 10292-10310 Sentence denotes Individuals (n=17)
T89 10311-10333 Sentence denotes Age (years) 40 (36–51)
T90 10334-10340 Sentence denotes Gender
T91 10341-10353 Sentence denotes Male 7 (41%)
T92 10354-10369 Sentence denotes Female 10 (59%)
T93 10370-10383 Sentence denotes Ethnic origin
T94 10384-10400 Sentence denotes Chinese 16 (94%)
T95 10401-10413 Sentence denotes Other 1 (6%)
T96 10414-10425 Sentence denotes Nationality
T97 10426-10446 Sentence denotes Singaporean 13 (76%)
T98 10447-10462 Sentence denotes Chinese 3 (18%)
T99 10463-10480 Sentence denotes Indonesian 1 (6%)
T100 10481-10488 Sentence denotes Cluster
T101 10489-10541 Sentence denotes A (tourist group from China and shopworkers) 9 (53%)
T102 10542-10572 Sentence denotes B (company conference) 3 (18%)
T103 10573-10591 Sentence denotes C (church) 5 (29%)
T104 10592-10607 Sentence denotes Chronic illness
T105 10608-10620 Sentence denotes Yes* 3 (18%)
T106 10621-10632 Sentence denotes No 14 (82%)
T107 10633-10664 Sentence denotes Travel to China in past 14 days
T108 10665-10676 Sentence denotes Yes 2 (12%)
T109 10677-10688 Sentence denotes No 15 (88%)
T110 10689-10697 Sentence denotes Symptoms
T111 10698-10712 Sentence denotes Fever 15 (88%)
T112 10713-10727 Sentence denotes Cough 14 (82%)
T113 10728-10747 Sentence denotes Sore throat 8 (47%)
T114 10748-10775 Sentence denotes Shortness of breath 6 (35%)
T115 10776-10791 Sentence denotes Myalgia 5 (29%)
T116 10792-10809 Sentence denotes Diarrhoea 4 (24%)
T117 10810-10828 Sentence denotes Chest pain 3 (18%)
T118 10829-10846 Sentence denotes Runny nose 1 (6%)
T119 10847-10872 Sentence denotes Nausea or vomiting 1 (6%)
T120 10873-10913 Sentence denotes Chest radiography findings on admission†
T121 10914-10929 Sentence denotes Present 8 (53%)
T122 10930-10944 Sentence denotes Absent 7 (47%)
T123 10945-11010 Sentence denotes Interval between symptom onset and hospitalisation (days) 4 (3–9)
T124 11011-11042 Sentence denotes Data are median (IQR) or n (%).
T125 11043-11102 Sentence denotes SARS-CoV-2=severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
T126 11103-11181 Sentence denotes * Allergic rhinitis (n=1), hypertension (n=1), and cervical spondylosis (n=1).
T127 11182-11218 Sentence denotes † Data available for 15 individuals.
T128 11220-11229 Sentence denotes Cluster A
T129 11230-11380 Sentence denotes The Ministry of Health in Singapore was alerted to two individuals with locally acquired COVID-19 on Feb 3, 2020 (AC1 and AC2; figure 1 upper panels).
T130 11381-11531 Sentence denotes They did not fit the case-definition for suspected COVID-19 but were tested because they reported frequent occupational contact with Chinese tourists.
T131 11532-11891 Sentence denotes These two people were later identified to be linked epidemiologically to two other affected individuals (AGX1 and AGX2), a father and daughter reported by official and media websites in Guangxi, China,8, 9, 10 to be Chinese tourists who travelled to Singapore on Jan 22, 2020, and who visited several tourist sites on Jan 22–23, 2020, as part of a tour group.
T132 11892-12087 Sentence denotes AGX1 and AGX2 subsequently departed for Malaysia before re-entry into Singapore for their flight to Guangxi on Jan 27, 2020, and they developed symptoms on Jan 28, 2020, after arrival in Guangxi.
T133 12088-12339 Sentence denotes Details of the tour participants and the itinerary, obtained through the Singapore-based tour guide for the Singapore tour segment (AT1, who also tested positive for SARS-CoV-2) corroborated with details for AGX1 and AGX2 reported by Guangxi websites.
T134 12340-12451 Sentence denotes Of 20 tourists in the tour group from Guangxi, five or six were reported by AT1 to be coughing during the tour.
T135 12452-12720 Sentence denotes To the best of our knowledge, only AGX1 and AGX2 had laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 (positive PCR for SARS-CoV-2).8 However, in view of the reported respiratory symptoms among tour group participants, it is possible that other tour group members were the primary cases.
T136 12721-12901 Sentence denotes Among the places visited by the tour group in Singapore were a complementary health products shop and a jewellery shop; both shops are patronised frequently by Chinese tour groups.
T137 12902-13039 Sentence denotes The visits to the complementary health products shop lasted approximately 30 min, and the visit to the jewellery shop lasted roughly 1 h.
T138 13040-13202 Sentence denotes Four assistants in the complementary health products shop (AC1, AC2, AC3, and AC4) and one assistant in the jewellery shop (AJ1) were identified to have COVID-19.
T139 13203-13288 Sentence denotes All five shop assistants were at work on the day the tour group from Guangxi visited.
T140 13289-13460 Sentence denotes AC1, AC2, AC3, and AC4 reported that they would assist customers to apply samples of medicinal oil on their bodies, and handwashing was not usually done between customers.
T141 13461-13599 Sentence denotes Three secondary transmission cases were identified in the household of AC1 (AH1, AH2, and AH3), none of whom were contacts of other cases.
T142 13600-13857 Sentence denotes For the cases who were confirmed on or before Feb 5, 2020, 179 close contacts who were in Singapore and contactable were placed under quarantine, of whom two close contacts (AC3 and AC4) subsequently reported to be unwell and tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.
T143 13858-13908 Sentence denotes An additional six close contacts were quarantined.
T144 13909-14131 Sentence denotes For active surveillance, 16 shop assistants at the complementary health products shop and the sole remaining uninfected household member of AC1, who were all asymptomatic, were tested and none were positive for SARS-CoV-2.
T145 14132-14321 Sentence denotes Viral genomic sequences were available for four cases (AH1, AH2, AH3, and AT1) and phylogenetic analysis confirmed their linkage, as suggested by the epidemiological data (appendix pp 2–3).
T146 14323-14332 Sentence denotes Cluster B
T147 14333-14666 Sentence denotes On Feb 4, 2020, Malaysia confirmed a case of COVID-19 in an individual (B1) who had recent travel history to Singapore on Jan 16–23, 2020, for a company conference (a closed business meeting for employees from company branches globally), which was attended by at least 111 participants from 19 different countries on Jan 20–22, 2020.
T148 14667-14755 Sentence denotes 17 attendees at the conference were from mainland China and at least one was from Wuhan.
T149 14756-14932 Sentence denotes Subsequently, six participants at the conference who had no recent travel history to China (B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, and B7) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (figure 1 middle panels).
T150 14933-15117 Sentence denotes Two affected individuals from Singapore were identified through contact tracing of participants after notification from the Malaysian International Health Regulation (IHR) focal point.
T151 15118-15291 Sentence denotes The conference programme included business presentations, workshops, breakout discussions, a welcome reception and meals, team-building games, and a Singapore city bus tour.
T152 15292-15436 Sentence denotes Seating arrangements (where available) for the conference, and interviews with affected individuals, indicated close interactions between cases.
T153 15437-15616 Sentence denotes Two groups (B1 and B3, and B4 and B7) were seated at the same tables for a 3-h Chinese banquet-style dinner on Jan 20, 2020, with three and two attendees from China, respectively.
T154 15617-15826 Sentence denotes Four cases (B1, B3, B4, and B5) were in a 4-h breakout session on Jan 21, 2020, with 41 other participants, including ten from China, of whom three had dined with B1 and B3 or B4 and B7 at the Chinese banquet.
T155 15827-15896 Sentence denotes Furthermore, the team-building games entailed close physical contact.
T156 15897-16025 Sentence denotes With initial news of B1, 15 conference participants remaining in Singapore were contacted to find out about their health status.
T157 16026-16192 Sentence denotes Four people reported being unwell with fever, respiratory symptoms, or both and were tested for SARS-CoV-2; two individuals (B4 and B5) tested positive for the virus.
T158 16193-16338 Sentence denotes The third local case (B6) was identified via activity mapping to have attended the conference and had subsequent interactions with company staff.
T159 16339-16387 Sentence denotes 153 close contacts were placed under quarantine.
T160 16388-16511 Sentence denotes Hotel staff were told to monitor their health status, and none reported being unwell during the conference or subsequently.
T161 16512-16625 Sentence denotes 13 secondary cases of COVID-19 were reported among family members of B1 in Malaysia and contacts of B7 in France.
T162 16627-16636 Sentence denotes Cluster C
T163 16637-16835 Sentence denotes The Ministry of Health in Singapore identified two people from Singapore (C3 and C4), with no recent travel history to China, who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 from enhanced pneumonia surveillance.
T164 16836-16926 Sentence denotes Activity mapping showed that both individuals had visited the same church on Jan 19, 2020.
T165 16927-16973 Sentence denotes C5 was identified through active case-finding.
T166 16974-17084 Sentence denotes Two other people with COVID-19 were subsequently linked to this cluster (C1 and C2, who are husband and wife).
T167 17085-17178 Sentence denotes These individuals were Chinese nationals from Wuhan who arrived in Singapore on Jan 19, 2020.
T168 17179-17263 Sentence denotes Re-interviews with C1 and C2 found they had also visited the church on the same day.
T169 17264-17346 Sentence denotes All five people were asymptomatic during the church visit (figure 1 lower panels).
T170 17347-17601 Sentence denotes The church is an independent church that occasionally receives a few visitors from China at the Mandarin service conducted every Sunday.11 Although C1 and C2 were not church members, they attended the 2-h morning service when they travelled to Singapore.
T171 17602-17688 Sentence denotes They left immediately after the service and did not report having lunch at the church.
T172 17689-17871 Sentence denotes Based on closed-circuit camera findings, C5 occupied the same seat as did cases C1 and C2 at the prayer meeting after the morning service, but they did not recall meeting each other.
T173 17872-17986 Sentence denotes Among the 227 regular church members, 191 members were contacted, of whom 142 attended the church on Jan 19, 2020.
T174 17987-18107 Sentence denotes Of these people, only two had travel history to Guangdong, China, 14 days before Jan 19, 2020; both reported being well.
T175 18108-18200 Sentence denotes Six were unwell and referred for further management and none tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.
T176 18201-18248 Sentence denotes 93 close contacts were placed under quarantine.
T177 18249-18340 Sentence denotes No additional cases linked to any of the three clusters were identified as of Feb 14, 2020.
T178 18342-18379 Sentence denotes Analysis of disease transmission data
T179 18380-18623 Sentence denotes Although we were unable to identify the primary case or cases in each cluster with certainty, in cluster A, the cases in the two shops and the tour guide had inter-related interactions with the Guangxi tour group in which two cases were found.
T180 18624-18748 Sentence denotes Exposures of the shop assistants were assumed to occur on Jan 23, 2020, and the tour guide on Jan 22, 2020, or Jan 23, 2020.
T181 18749-18889 Sentence denotes In cluster C, the only overlap in activities was on Jan 19, 2020, when all five cases visited the church and exposures most likely occurred.
T182 18890-19004 Sentence denotes For cluster B, we used information on reported activities to infer most likely infection times within the meeting.
T183 19005-19139 Sentence denotes Excluding the household cluster, we had information on both estimated infection time and reported date of symptom onset for 19 people.
T184 19140-19188 Sentence denotes The incubation periods are plotted in figure 2 .
T185 19189-19239 Sentence denotes The median incubation period was 4 days (IQR 3–6).
T186 19240-19478 Sentence denotes Without accounting for potential tertiary transmission within the household (infected by a case who was not the primary case), the serial interval for the three transmission pairs in the household cluster ranged between 3 days and 8 days.
T187 19479-19551 Sentence denotes Figure 2 Incubation periods for cases with known probable exposure times
T188 19552-19600 Sentence denotes Median (IQR) time to onset was 4 days (IQR 3–6).
T189 19601-19816 Sentence denotes Assuming one unknown primary case seeded the outbreaks in each cluster, we noted that 31% of transmission pairs were associated with one individual (B7), and 32 observed cases had no onward transmission (figure 3 ).
T190 19817-19882 Sentence denotes Figure 3 Probable secondary cases arising from each COVID-19 case
T191 19883-19917 Sentence denotes COVID-19=coronavirus disease 2019.
T192 19919-19936 Sentence denotes Clinical findings
T193 19937-20087 Sentence denotes Of 17 locally confirmed cases, fever and cough were the two most common symptoms, reported in 15 (88%) and 14 (82%) individuals, respectively (table).
T194 20088-20198 Sentence denotes One case, a 6-month old male infant, was asymptomatic until one spike of fever 2 days into hospital admission.
T195 20199-20364 Sentence denotes Pulmonary opacities were reported on chest radiography at admission in eight (53%) individuals, and developed over the course of admission in four additional people.
T196 20365-20520 Sentence denotes Lymphopenia (<1·1 × 109 cells per L) was seen in six people and thrombocytopenia (<150 × 109 cells per L) in four individuals over the course of admission.
T197 20521-20595 Sentence denotes Median time from symptom onset to hospital admission was 4 days (IQR 3–9).
T198 20596-20708 Sentence denotes The clinical course was uncomplicated for most individuals, with resolution of symptoms over the first few days.
T199 20709-20850 Sentence denotes Hospital admission was prolonged because of persistently positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR from nasopharyngeal swab testing (median 6 days, range 3–9).
T200 20851-21003 Sentence denotes One individual needed supplemental oxygen via nasal prongs and another two developed acute respiratory distress requiring intubation and intensive care.
T201 21004-21081 Sentence denotes Four individuals received experimental treatment of lopinavir with ritonavir.
T202 21082-21150 Sentence denotes No deaths were recorded in these three clusters as of March 7, 2020.
T203 21152-21162 Sentence denotes Discussion
T204 21163-21240 Sentence denotes We report three clusters showing local transmission of COVID-19 in Singapore.
T205 21241-21414 Sentence denotes The three clusters involved a Chinese tour group, company conference, and a church and show the transmissibility of COVID-19 in community settings beyond household clusters.
T206 21415-21651 Sentence denotes A household cluster was previously reported in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.12 These findings have implications for public-health measures and outbreak investigations that other countries might consider to detect and contain transmission.
T207 21652-21784 Sentence denotes The first indication of human-to-human transmission in Singapore was detected 11 days after confirmation of the first imported case.
T208 21785-21898 Sentence denotes China imposed a lockdown of Wuhan on Jan 23, 2020, and suspended all outgoing tour groups beginning Jan 27, 2020.
T209 21899-22078 Sentence denotes Despite these measures, local clusters were subsequently identified in Singapore, with probable links to travellers from China before the measures to curb travel were implemented.
T210 22079-22238 Sentence denotes Although the primary case or cases in all three clusters cannot be conclusively identified, they are postulated to be tourists or business visitors from China.
T211 22239-22550 Sentence denotes The tour group implicated in cluster A originated from Guangxi at a time when relatively few cases had been reported in that region of China.13 Temperature screening for inbound travellers on flights from Wuhan was implemented in Singapore on Jan 3, 2020, and expanded to all flights from China on Jan 22, 2020.
T212 22551-22716 Sentence denotes Nonetheless, it is unlikely that these primary cases could be identified by temperature screening, because there was no indication that they were febrile on arrival.
T213 22717-22979 Sentence denotes Therefore, it is important that countries, particularly those with a high travel volume from China, enhance their surveillance system to identify local cases, not merely among people with a travel history to China because cases could be present in the community.
T214 22980-23244 Sentence denotes The local cases in cluster C were identified through enhanced pneumonia surveillance of people who had no history of travel to China, whereas the initial cases in cluster A were identified because of heightened suspicion by health-care workers, leading to testing.
T215 23245-23567 Sentence denotes Among the first 84 confirmed cases in Singapore, ten were detected by enhanced pneumonia surveillance and testing of patients in intensive care units, and another eight affected individuals were detected based on doctors' discretion to test patients whom they viewed with suspicion for clinical or epidemiological reasons.
T216 23568-23781 Sentence denotes Such surveillance systems are, therefore, important to identify cases in the community who would be missed if the focus were only on travellers, and they have enabled prompt investigation and containment measures.
T217 23782-24044 Sentence denotes Furthermore, with swift response in contact tracing and quarantine of close contacts, two close contacts developed symptoms and were confirmed to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 during their period of quarantine, ensuring no further onward transmission of the virus.
T218 24045-24366 Sentence denotes Only two of 425 close contacts identified by contact tracing developed COVID-19 (ie, most cases identified in the clusters did not transmit the SARS-CoV-2 virus to their close contacts), raising the hypothesis that a few spreading events can result in clusters of transmission, whereas for most cases, transmission ended.
T219 24367-24428 Sentence denotes The ease of international travel makes containment difficult.
T220 24429-24682 Sentence denotes Cluster B was identified because of sharing of case data in Malaysia through the IHR focal point, and Singapore shared information on attendees at the company conference to respective IHR focal points where participants at the conference had originated.
T221 24683-24881 Sentence denotes This work led to early identification of cases globally and highlights the importance of international cooperation and sharing of information under IHR to aid in active case-finding and containment.
T222 24882-24989 Sentence denotes The cases of COVID-19 in these three clusters are probably attributable to close or prolonged interactions.
T223 24990-25104 Sentence denotes Direct physical contact was reported between shop assistants and tourists at the health products shop (cluster A).
T224 25105-25382 Sentence denotes Handshaking and physical contact during team-building activities and sharing of meals were reported among participants of the business meeting (cluster B).14 Therefore, direct transmission could be possible by contact or indirect transmission (eg, via fomites and shared food).
T225 25383-25634 Sentence denotes We have shown environmental contamination of common-touch surfaces in the isolation room of a confirmed case.15 This finding highlights the importance of emphasising personal and hand hygiene as a key public-health message that countries should adopt.
T226 25635-25714 Sentence denotes Recall bias could affect the accuracy of symptom-onset dates reported by cases.
T227 25715-25896 Sentence denotes In cluster A, the date of onset of symptoms for AC2 was uncertain because the individual only sought primary-care treatment on Jan 30, 2020, 7 days after reported onset of symptoms.
T228 25897-25927 Sentence denotes Other exposures are plausible.
T229 25928-26193 Sentence denotes AC2 reported having symptoms on the day of the tour group's arrival, and we could postulate that AC2 acquired infection from other tourists before Jan 23, 2020, and seeded infections among colleagues, the tour guide, and the two people from Guangxi on Jan 23, 2020.
T230 26194-26321 Sentence denotes However, case AJ1 had no interactions with AC2, unless AC2 acquired infection serendipitously at a similar time, independently.
T231 26322-26548 Sentence denotes Similarly, in cluster C, C1 did not report symptoms until 5 days and C2 until 3 days, after attending church, and this difference could be attributable to recall bias of symptom-onset dates, particularly if symptoms were mild.
T232 26549-26705 Sentence denotes Other study limitations include the small sample size used to ascertain the incubation period, because primary cases could not be identified with certainty.
T233 26706-26855 Sentence denotes Moreover, symptom-onset dates and the movement of and exposure history of cases detected overseas were either based on media reports or were unknown.
T234 26856-27197 Sentence denotes Based on symptom-onset dates of 17 local cases, the median incubation period (4 days) corroborates other published findings.16, 17 Although there is interest on asymptomatic transmission, we are unable to address this point in our study, and further studies should be done to better understand disease transmissibility of asymptomatic cases.
T235 27198-27555 Sentence denotes In conclusion, as importation and local transmission could have occurred in other countries before the lockdown of Wuhan and institution of travel restrictions by China, local clusters outside China can be expected and efforts should be focused on surveillance for locally acquired cases and containment efforts to prevent widespread community transmission.
T236 27556-27677 Sentence denotes It is important for countries to do active case-finding among close contacts of cases to prevent clusters from spreading.
T237 27679-27701 Sentence denotes Supplementary Material
T238 27702-27724 Sentence denotes Supplementary appendix
T239 27726-27738 Sentence denotes Contributors
T240 27739-27856 Sentence denotes RP, CJC, BEY, and SC contributed to the literature search, data collection, data analysis, and writing of the report.
T241 27857-27938 Sentence denotes HEC and ARC contributed to the data analysis on disease transmission and figures.
T242 27939-28014 Sentence denotes SM-S, TMM, LC and RVTPL contributed to the laboratory testing and analysis.
T243 28015-28107 Sentence denotes MPHST, CP, ML, JL, and VTJK contributed to the epidemiological data collection and analysis.
T244 28108-28190 Sentence denotes MI-CC, DH, Y-SL and DCL contributed to the study design and writing of the report.
T245 28191-28306 Sentence denotes VJML contributed to study design, the literature search, data collection, data analysis, and writing of the report.
T246 28307-28354 Sentence denotes All authors read and approved the final report.
T247 28356-28411 Sentence denotes Singapore 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak Research Team
T248 28412-29074 Sentence denotes Kai-qian Kam, Shirin Kalimuddin, Seow Yen Tan, Jiashen Loh, Koh Cheng Thoon, Shawn Vasoo, Wei Xin Khong, Nur-Afidah Suhaimi, Sherlynn J H Chan, Emma Zhang, Olivia Oh, Albert Ty, Charlene Tow, Yi Xian Chua, Wei Liang Chaw, Yixiang Ng, Farid Abdul-Rahman, Shafiq Sahib, Zheng Zhao, Cheryl Tang, Constance Low, Ee Hui Goh, Georgina Lim, Yan'an Hou, Imran Roshan, James Tan, Kelly Foo, Khine Nandar, Lalitha Kurupatham, Pei Pei Chan, Pream Raj, Yijun Lin, Zubaidah Said, Anne Lee, Cherie See, Jessey Markose, Joanna Tan, Guanhao Chan, Wanhan See, Xinyi Peh, Vincent Cai, Wen Kai Chen, Zongbin Li, Roy Soo, Angela L P Chow, Wycliffe Wei, Aysha Farwin, and Li Wei Ang.
T249 29076-29100 Sentence denotes Declaration of interests
T250 29101-29135 Sentence denotes We declare no competing interests.

LitCovid-PD-GlycoEpitope

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue glyco_epitope_db_id
T1 11344-11347 GlycoEpitope denotes AC1 http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/AN0202
T2 13099-13102 GlycoEpitope denotes AC1 http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/AN0202
T3 13289-13292 GlycoEpitope denotes AC1 http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/AN0202
T4 13532-13535 GlycoEpitope denotes AC1 http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/AN0202
T5 14049-14052 GlycoEpitope denotes AC1 http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/AN0202

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 1645-1654 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T2 4220-4229 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T3 5697-5706 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T4 10698-10703 Phenotype denotes Fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T5 10713-10718 Phenotype denotes Cough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735
T6 10728-10739 Phenotype denotes Sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033050
T7 10748-10767 Phenotype denotes Shortness of breath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T8 10776-10783 Phenotype denotes Myalgia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0003326
T9 10792-10801 Phenotype denotes Diarrhoea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002014
T10 10810-10820 Phenotype denotes Chest pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100749
T11 10829-10839 Phenotype denotes Runny nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031417
T12 10847-10865 Phenotype denotes Nausea or vomiting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002017
T13 11105-11122 Phenotype denotes Allergic rhinitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0003193
T14 11130-11142 Phenotype denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822
T15 11154-11174 Phenotype denotes cervical spondylosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0008480
T16 12426-12434 Phenotype denotes coughing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735
T17 16065-16070 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T18 16812-16821 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T19 19968-19973 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T20 19978-19983 Phenotype denotes cough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735
T21 20161-20166 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T22 20199-20218 Phenotype denotes Pulmonary opacities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031457
T23 20365-20376 Phenotype denotes Lymphopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001888
T24 20429-20445 Phenotype denotes thrombocytopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001873
T25 20942-20962 Phenotype denotes respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T26 23042-23051 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T27 23324-23333 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32192580-31986261-66270739 21489-21491 31986261 denotes 12