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PMC:7267510 / 1269-7874 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T2 50-54 Body_part denotes back http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma25056
T3 1027-1032 Body_part denotes heart http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7088
T4 1562-1566 Body_part denotes limb http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7182
T5 5550-5554 Body_part denotes face http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728
T6 6362-6375 Body_part denotes head and neck http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma280881
T7 6432-6445 Body_part denotes head and neck http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma280881

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T3 1027-1032 Body_part denotes heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948
T4 1562-1566 Body_part denotes limb http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002101
T5 2150-2156 Body_part denotes scales http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T6 5550-5554 Body_part denotes face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456
T7 6362-6366 Body_part denotes head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033
T8 6371-6375 Body_part denotes neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000974
T9 6432-6436 Body_part denotes head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033
T10 6441-6445 Body_part denotes neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000974

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T11 585-603 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T12 792-800 Disease denotes COVID‐19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T13 1027-1040 Disease denotes heart disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005267
T14 1045-1051 Disease denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004992
T15 1233-1241 Disease denotes COVID‐19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T16 1541-1547 Disease denotes tumors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005070
T17 1599-1605 Disease denotes trauma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T18 1690-1699 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T19 2340-2349 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T20 2503-2509 Disease denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004992
T21 4711-4746 Disease denotes Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T22 4717-4746 Disease denotes Respiratory Distress Syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009971
T23 4764-4768 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T24 4843-4859 Disease denotes (H1N1) influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005460
T25 4850-4859 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T26 4961-4966 Disease denotes Ebola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005737
T27 5130-5136 Disease denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004992
T28 5160-5173 Disease denotes H1N1Influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005460
T29 5474-5479 Disease denotes Ebola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005737
T30 6277-6283 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T31 6571-6576 Disease denotes tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005070
T32 6586-6594 Disease denotes COVID‐19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T33 6595-6604 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T8 106-109 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T9 512-515 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T10 565-566 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T11 778-783 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T12 850-854 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 3, 4
T13 985-988 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 denotes CDC
T14 1027-1032 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 denotes heart
T15 1027-1032 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007100 denotes heart
T16 1027-1032 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 denotes heart
T17 1027-1032 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000815 denotes heart
T18 1093-1094 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T19 1172-1173 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T20 1450-1451 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T21 1562-1566 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000876 denotes limb
T22 2326-2327 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T23 2372-2373 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T24 2418-2419 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T25 2543-2547 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 3, 4
T26 3364-3366 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007622 denotes MD
T27 4185-4186 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T28 4374-4375 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T29 4449-4453 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 3, 4
T30 4482-4483 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T31 4505-4506 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T32 4531-4532 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T33 4574-4575 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T34 4936-4938 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T35 5096-5097 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T36 5550-5554 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes face
T37 5563-5565 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T38 5814-5815 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T39 6317-6318 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T40 6362-6366 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033 denotes head
T41 6362-6366 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000964 denotes head
T42 6371-6375 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000967 denotes neck
T43 6432-6436 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033 denotes head
T44 6432-6436 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000964 denotes head
T45 6441-6445 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000967 denotes neck
T46 6545-6546 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 33-41 Chemical denotes medicine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T2 1452-1458 Chemical denotes formal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48341
T3 3364-3366 Chemical denotes MD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74699
T4 6385-6390 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T4 1045-1051 Phenotype denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664
T5 1667-1671 Phenotype denotes pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012531
T6 2503-2509 Phenotype denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664
T7 4717-4737 Phenotype denotes Respiratory Distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T8 5130-5136 Phenotype denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664
T9 6356-6366 Phenotype denotes large head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000256
T10 6376-6384 Phenotype denotes oncology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664
T11 6571-6576 Phenotype denotes tumor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T22 0-15 Sentence denotes 1 INTRODUCTION
T23 16-311 Sentence denotes Our tradition in medicine, dating back to the Hippocratic oath in the fifth‐centuryBC, 1 has emphasized the importance of putting our patient first, avoiding choices that might harm them, and not considering issues unrelated to that particular patient's health as we make our medical decisions.
T24 312-439 Sentence denotes Public health considerations involving risks to providers and other patients have not normally been factored into the decision.
T25 440-643 Sentence denotes Furthermore, what we have known to be best for the patient in the past, has not involved calculating the risk of contracting a potentially fatal infectious disease while merely walking into the hospital.
T26 644-879 Sentence denotes Recently, however, the unprecedented and now‐familiar events related to the Coronavirus Two induced pandemic and the illness that the virus causes (COVID‐19) have affected communities all over the globe,2, 3, 4 including South Florida.
T27 880-941 Sentence denotes By the time of this writing, Newsweek reported, based on U.S.
T28 942-1107 Sentence denotes Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data, that coronavirus had surpassed heart disease and cancer as the number one killer of Americans on a daily basis.
T29 1108-1109 Sentence denotes 5
T30 1110-1127 Sentence denotes On March 14, U.S.
T31 1128-1251 Sentence denotes Surgeon General Jerome Adams recommended in a tweet that hospitals stop all elective procedures amid the COVID‐19 outbreak.
T32 1252-1405 Sentence denotes 6 The same day our two hospitals' administrations issued an electronic communication asking surgeons to cancel all elective surgeries at our facilities.
T33 1406-1483 Sentence denotes On March 20, the Governor of Florida issued a formal ban on elective surgery.
T34 1484-1953 Sentence denotes 7 Permissible procedures included “removal of cancerous tumors, transplants, limb‐threatening vascular surgeries, trauma‐related procedures, and dental care related to the relief of pain and management of infection.” 7 In practice, in oncologic surgery, it was left to each institution to determine what was urgent, and which patients would be best served by receiving surgery, despite increased risk to the patient, providers, and other patients during the pandemic.
T35 1954-2216 Sentence denotes Our approach, as we addressed surgical triage, was to consider each patient's risk of complications related to receiving surgery in the midst of the pandemic and deciding if that risk “tipped the scales” toward delaying care or planning an alternative treatment.
T36 2217-2550 Sentence denotes Though data were scarce, experience in China and Italy indicated that the risk of either directly developing a coronavirus infection, or of ending up with a complication requiring care in the midst of a situation of inadequate medical resources, might outweigh the benefit of receiving cancer surgery earlier in certain cases.3, 4, 8
T37 2551-2830 Sentence denotes The greatest paradigm shift that occurs in times of crisis, however, is the concept that the good of society, and the health of the caregivers and other patients, may have some weight in the equation, even as clinicians continue to make our patients' well‐being our primary goal.
T38 2831-2925 Sentence denotes Considering these additional factors is the part that we may find most difficult to adjust to.
T39 2926-3163 Sentence denotes Furthermore, as we approach so called “surge” conditions in any disaster, and resources approach the point of being overwhelmed, these factors may become more important, and even approach or surpass those of the patients themselves.9, 10
T40 3164-3263 Sentence denotes In times of crisis, it is clearly recognized that standards of medical care may have to be altered.
T41 3264-3505 Sentence denotes In an almost clairvoyant publication, intensivist and disaster management expert Michael Christian, MD, published an essay entitled “Triage” in October2019, 9 just before anyone imagined the events that were about to unfold in Wuhan, China.
T42 3506-3767 Sentence denotes He defines triage as “allocating scarce resources in order to do the greatest good for the greatest number.” He emphasizes that appropriately performed triage, while difficult, can save large numbers of lives, by preserving resources for “salvageable” patients.
T43 3768-3866 Sentence denotes One must add to this equation the need to protect caregivers so they can attend to other patients.
T44 3867-4242 Sentence denotes There is an extensive literature on appropriate crisis triage, based on experience during warfare11, 12, 13 and natural disasters.14, 15 This was most recently seen in our own country with the crisis in New Orleans in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, when physicians in hospitals had to triage civilian patients in a manner normally seen only in the midst of battle.14, 15
T45 4243-5036 Sentence denotes While we can extrapolate from triage and management models developed for times of war or natural disaster, this global pandemic is a different entity entirely, affecting almost the entire planet at once.2, 3, 4 It involves an ascension to a peak volume and then a descension, rather than a single disaster date as would occur with a natural disaster or act of war, and it is affecting Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas within months of each other.2, 3 The Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome‐Coronavirus One (SARS‐CoV‐1) epidemic of 2001‐2004, 16 the hemagglutinin 1 and neuraminidase 1 (H1N1) influenza epidemic of 2009‐2010, 17 the Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome of 2012, 18 and the West African Ebola epidemic 19 of 2013 to 2014, were much more geographically confined.
T46 5037-5159 Sentence denotes Perhaps for this reason, there are no published reports of a need for triage of patient with cancer during such epidemics.
T47 5160-5401 Sentence denotes H1N1Influenza, in particular, was known to be virulent in patients with hematological malignancies, 17 especially if undergoing treatment, but we found no reports that access to health care was threatened, requiring triage of solid cancers.
T48 5402-5565 Sentence denotes There were limited anecdotal reports of health access issues during the Ebola crisis in West Africa; they hinted at some of the issues we currently face.20, 21, 22
T49 5566-5788 Sentence denotes The ethics of triage and management in situations of crisis including pandemics have been extensively discussed, modeled and prepared for, and it is widely accepted that the rules need to be adjusted to each new situation.
T50 5789-5922 Sentence denotes 9 Biddison et al 10 in a consensus statement in the critical care literature, identify 23 ethical guidelines for crisis situations.
T51 5923-6041 Sentence denotes The importance of communication with patients and families and the possibility of consulting ethicists are emphasized.
T52 6042-6285 Sentence denotes Moreover, they comment: “We suggest critical care resources be allocated based on specific triage criteria, irrespective of whether the need for resources is related to the current disaster/pandemic or an unrelated critical illness or injury.”
T53 6286-6605 Sentence denotes Our purpose here is to provide a practical working example of how one large head and neck oncology group sought to ensure that patients requiring head and neck surgery received appropriate triage during the pandemic, and were neither put at increased risk of a poor outcome from their tumor nor from COVID‐19 infection.

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
39 151-158 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
40 261-268 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
41 380-388 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
42 491-498 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
43 585-603 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141
49 720-731 Species denotes Coronavirus Tax:11118
50 1001-1012 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
51 792-800 Disease denotes COVID‐19 MESH:C000657245
52 1027-1040 Disease denotes heart disease MESH:D006331
53 1045-1051 Disease denotes cancer MESH:D009369
62 1812-1820 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
63 1894-1901 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
64 1924-1932 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
65 1233-1241 Disease denotes COVID‐19 MESH:C000657245
66 1531-1547 Disease denotes cancerous tumors MESH:D009369
67 1599-1605 Disease denotes trauma MESH:D014947
68 1667-1671 Disease denotes pain MESH:D010146
69 1690-1699 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
73 2022-2029 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
74 2328-2349 Disease denotes coronavirus infection MESH:D018352
75 2503-2509 Disease denotes cancer MESH:D009369
79 2704-2712 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
80 2792-2800 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
81 3138-3146 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
85 3758-3766 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
86 3857-3865 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
87 4173-4181 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
101 4807-4842 Gene denotes hemagglutinin 1 and neuraminidase 1 Gene:4758
102 4747-4758 Species denotes Coronavirus Tax:11118
103 4764-4772 Species denotes SARS‐CoV Tax:694009
104 4844-4848 Species denotes H1N1 Tax:114727
105 4961-4966 Species denotes Ebola Tax:1570291
106 5117-5124 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
107 5218-5226 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
108 5474-5479 Species denotes Ebola Tax:1570291
109 4711-4737 Disease denotes Acute Respiratory Distress MESH:D012128
110 4906-4926 Disease denotes Respiratory Syndrome MESH:D012120
111 5130-5136 Disease denotes cancer MESH:D009369
112 5232-5258 Disease denotes hematological malignancies MESH:D019337
113 5393-5400 Disease denotes cancers MESH:D009369
115 5960-5968 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
120 6413-6421 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
121 6571-6576 Disease denotes tumor MESH:D009369
122 6586-6594 Disease denotes COVID‐19 MESH:C000657245
123 6595-6604 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239