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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 776-786 Body_part denotes troponin I http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62340
T2 776-784 Body_part denotes troponin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62338
T3 3260-3268 Body_part denotes troponin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62338
T4 6409-6426 Body_part denotes coronary arteries http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma3800
T5 6498-6502 Body_part denotes body http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135
T6 6520-6535 Body_part denotes coronary artery http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma49893
T7 6558-6564 Body_part denotes kidney http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7203
T8 6702-6712 Body_part denotes troponin I http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62340
T9 6702-6710 Body_part denotes troponin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62338
T10 8087-8097 Body_part denotes troponin I http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62340
T11 8087-8095 Body_part denotes troponin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62338
T12 8233-8241 Body_part denotes troponin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62338
T13 9652-9657 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576
T14 9937-9942 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576
T15 10109-10114 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T16 10756-10761 Body_part denotes heart http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7088
T17 12262-12266 Body_part denotes face http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728
T18 13393-13398 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 6409-6426 Body_part denotes coronary arteries http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001621
T2 6520-6535 Body_part denotes coronary artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001621
T3 6529-6535 Body_part denotes artery http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637
T4 6558-6564 Body_part denotes kidney http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113
T5 9652-9657 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443
T6 9937-9942 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443
T7 10109-10114 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T8 10756-10761 Body_part denotes heart http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948
T9 12225-12230 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T10 12262-12266 Body_part denotes face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456
T11 13393-13398 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 42-66 Disease denotes Acute Coronary Syndromes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005542
T2 83-91 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T3 130-177 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T4 130-163 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T5 179-187 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T6 286-294 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T7 348-372 Disease denotes acute coronary syndromes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005542
T8 435-443 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T9 1021-1068 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T10 1021-1054 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T11 1070-1078 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T12 1407-1416 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T13 1634-1642 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T14 1645-1654 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T15 1706-1714 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T16 1747-1770 Disease denotes acute coronary syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005542
T17 2180-2188 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T18 2864-2898 Disease denotes ST-elevation myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T19 2877-2898 Disease denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005068
T20 2900-2905 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T21 2912-2946 Disease denotes ST-elevation myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T22 2925-2946 Disease denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005068
T23 2960-2965 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T24 3160-3181 Disease denotes Myocardial Infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005068
T25 4870-4878 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T26 4944-4953 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T27 5006-5014 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T28 5015-5024 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T29 5431-5436 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T30 5490-5495 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T31 5538-5542 Disease denotes COPD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005002
T32 5732-5737 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T33 5833-5838 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T34 6080-6083 Disease denotes CAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005010|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0018922
T36 6220-6223 Disease denotes CKD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005300
T37 6344-6363 Disease denotes Tako-Tsubo syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0019018
T38 6367-6388 Disease denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005068
T39 6442-6461 Disease denotes atrial fibrillation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004981
T40 6468-6491 Disease denotes acute coronary syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005542
T41 6515-6518 Disease denotes CAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005010|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0018922
T43 6520-6543 Disease denotes coronary artery disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005010
T44 6529-6543 Disease denotes artery disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000473
T45 6545-6548 Disease denotes CKD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005300
T46 6550-6572 Disease denotes chronic kidney disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005300
T47 6558-6572 Disease denotes kidney disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001343|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005240
T49 6574-6617 Disease denotes COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005002
T50 6600-6617 Disease denotes pulmonary disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005275
T51 6790-6824 Disease denotes ST-elevation myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T52 6803-6824 Disease denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005068
T53 6925-6930 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T54 6932-6966 Disease denotes ST-elevation myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T55 6945-6966 Disease denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005068
T56 7261-7266 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T57 7499-7504 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T58 7774-7777 Disease denotes ESC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007579
T59 8581-8589 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T60 8748-8764 Disease denotes Viral infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005108
T61 8922-8927 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T62 8961-8964 Disease denotes flu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T63 9015-9023 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T64 9026-9035 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T65 9084-9094 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T66 9103-9111 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T67 9229-9237 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T68 9240-9250 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T69 9541-9549 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T70 10583-10598 Disease denotes cardiac rupture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0020983
T71 10600-10621 Disease denotes pericardial tamponade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001297
T72 10623-10643 Disease denotes mitral regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001298
T73 10756-10769 Disease denotes heart failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005252
T74 11458-11461 Disease denotes ESC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007579
T75 11597-11602 Disease denotes STEMI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0041656
T76 12739-12748 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 590-593 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001002 denotes 162
T2 809-810 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T3 1167-1168 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T4 1355-1356 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T5 1461-1462 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T6 1794-1795 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T7 2226-2227 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T8 2486-2487 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T9 2864-2866 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009141 denotes ST
T10 2864-2866 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050980 denotes ST
T11 2912-2914 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009141 denotes ST
T12 2912-2914 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050980 denotes ST
T13 2971-2972 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T14 3897-3901 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T15 3977-3981 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T16 4032-4036 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T17 4194-4197 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001547 denotes A P
T18 4328-4330 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009877 denotes NY
T19 4389-4390 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T20 4445-4448 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001002 denotes 162
T21 4565-4566 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T22 5140-5141 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T23 5448-5450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 34
T24 5484-5486 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T25 5543-5545 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000 denotes 35
T26 5690-5692 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001382 denotes 48
T27 5802-5804 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 34
T28 6001-6003 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T29 6084-6086 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T30 6164-6166 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T31 6289-6292 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001046 denotes 116
T32 6304-6306 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T33 6418-6426 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 denotes arteries
T34 6418-6426 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000814 denotes arteries
T35 6529-6535 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001637 denotes artery
T36 6529-6535 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000814 denotes artery
T37 6558-6564 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113 denotes kidney
T38 6558-6564 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000927 denotes kidney
T39 6558-6564 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000929 denotes kidney
T40 6790-6792 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009141 denotes ST
T41 6790-6792 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050980 denotes ST
T42 6932-6934 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009141 denotes ST
T43 6932-6934 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050980 denotes ST
T44 7101-7102 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T45 7463-7464 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T46 7677-7679 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T47 7683-7686 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001046 denotes 116
T48 8621-8622 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T49 8684-8685 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T50 8713-8714 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T51 8798-8799 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T52 8892-8893 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T53 9009-9014 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 3 , 4
T54 9413-9414 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T55 9652-9657 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes chest
T56 9937-9942 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes chest
T57 10075-10076 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T58 10109-10114 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes organ
T59 10411-10412 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T60 10756-10761 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000948 denotes heart
T61 10756-10761 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007100 denotes heart
T62 10756-10761 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015228 denotes heart
T63 10756-10761 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000815 denotes heart
T64 10826-10827 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T65 11189-11192 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002807 denotes don
T66 11321-11322 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T67 11515-11516 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T68 11635-11636 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T69 11755-11758 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T70 11766-11767 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T71 11897-11898 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T72 12262-12266 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes face
T73 12332-12333 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T74 12449-12450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T75 12757-12758 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T76 12918-12919 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T77 13186-13189 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T78 13326-13331 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T79 13372-13373 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T80 13393-13398 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes chest

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 2864-2866 Chemical denotes ST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141393
T2 2912-2914 Chemical denotes ST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141393
T3 4054-4056 Chemical denotes IR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74061
T4 4328-4330 Chemical denotes NY http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73427
T5 4640-4642 Chemical denotes IR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74061
T6 4675-4677 Chemical denotes IR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74061
T7 5373-5375 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T8 5400-5403 Chemical denotes AGE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84123
T9 6161-6163 Chemical denotes AF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73807
T10 6438-6440 Chemical denotes AF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73807
T11 6790-6792 Chemical denotes ST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141393
T12 6932-6934 Chemical denotes ST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141393
T13 10990-10995 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T14 12673-12686 Chemical denotes anticoagulant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50249
T15 12858-12867 Chemical denotes cangrelor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_90841
T16 12911-12916 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 753-767 Phenotype denotes high-sensitive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0041092
T2 2877-2898 Phenotype denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001658
T3 2925-2946 Phenotype denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001658
T4 3160-3181 Phenotype denotes Myocardial Infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001658
T5 4944-4953 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T6 5538-5542 Phenotype denotes COPD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0006510
T7 5606-5618 Phenotype denotes HYPERTENSION http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822
T8 5884-5896 Phenotype denotes DYSLIPIDEMIA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0003119
T9 6367-6388 Phenotype denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001658
T10 6442-6461 Phenotype denotes atrial fibrillation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0005110
T11 6550-6572 Phenotype denotes chronic kidney disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012622
T12 6574-6578 Phenotype denotes COPD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0006510
T13 6580-6617 Phenotype denotes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0006510
T14 6803-6824 Phenotype denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001658
T15 6945-6966 Phenotype denotes myocardial infarction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001658
T16 9652-9662 Phenotype denotes chest pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100749
T17 9925-9932 Phenotype denotes dyspnea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002094
T18 9937-9952 Phenotype denotes chest tightness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031352
T19 10623-10643 Phenotype denotes mitral regurgitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001653
T20 10645-10666 Phenotype denotes aneurysmal dilatation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002617
T21 10721-10738 Phenotype denotes cardiogenic shock http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0030149
T22 10748-10769 Phenotype denotes chronic heart failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001635
T23 13393-13403 Phenotype denotes chest pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100749

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 5074-5095 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001171 denotes reverse transcription
T2 5082-5095 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T3 8748-8764 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032 denotes Viral infections

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-102 Sentence denotes Decrease and Delay in Hospitalization for Acute Coronary Syndromes During the 2020 SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
T2 104-112 Sentence denotes Abstract
T3 113-316 Sentence denotes The diffusion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) forced the Italian population to restrictive measures that modified patients’ responses to non-SARS-CoV-2 medical conditions.
T4 317-550 Sentence denotes We evaluated all patients with acute coronary syndromes admitted in 3 high-volume hospitals during the first month of SARS-CoV-2 Italian-outbreak and compared them with patients with ACS admitted during the same period 1 year before.
T5 551-634 Sentence denotes Hospitalization for ACS decreased from 162 patients in 2019 to 84 patients in 2020.
T6 635-799 Sentence denotes In 2020, both door-to-balloon and symptoms-to-percutaneous coronary intervention were longer, and admission levels of high-sensitive cardiac troponin I were higher.
T7 800-991 Sentence denotes They had a lower discharged residual left-ventricular function and an increased predicted late cardiovascular mortality based on their Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) scores.
T8 993-1570 Sentence denotes After the first outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in late December 2019, in the Chinese city of Wuhan, Italy soon became the center of a fast-growing epidemic in late February to March 2020: more severe in some areas of northern and central Italy.1 After the first confirmed case reported on February 20, 2020, in Codogno, a small town near Milan, the rapid diffusion of the infection prompted the Italian government to proclaim a national lockdown on March 9, 2020, forcing the entire population to severe restrictive isolation measures.
T9 1571-1967 Sentence denotes These measures, certainly helpful in reducing the diffusion of SARS-CoV-2 infection, significantly modified patients’ responses to non-SARS-CoV-2 medical conditions, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS).2 Because ACS is a life-threatening condition, with outcomes strictly dependent on prompt recognition and treatment, under- or misdiagnosis and late or missed treatment might be deleterious.
T10 1968-2208 Sentence denotes In the current study, we report data from high-volume hospitals from 3 variably affected regions—Piedmont, Marche, and Tuscany—to evaluate changes in rate of hospitalization for ACS during the first month of the SARS-CoV-2 Italian outbreak.
T11 2210-2217 Sentence denotes Methods
T12 2218-2350 Sentence denotes This is a multicentre, observational, retrospective study involving 3 high-volume centres distributed in northern and central Italy.
T13 2351-2507 Sentence denotes Epidemiologic data of consecutive patients with ACS admitted in March 2019, and March 2020 were anonymously extracted and entered into a dedicated database.
T14 2508-2578 Sentence denotes Data collections included procedural results and in-hospital outcomes.
T15 2579-2698 Sentence denotes The “case period” was set in the month of March because it was when the severe social containing measures were adopted.
T16 2699-2819 Sentence denotes The rate of ACS-related hospitalization during March 2020 was compared with the rate in the control period (March 2019).
T17 2820-3103 Sentence denotes Subanalyses comprised the rate of ACS type (ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI], non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction [NSTEMI] and STEMI with a time-to-reperfusion delay >24 hours), the delay between admission to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and symptoms to PCI.
T18 3104-3195 Sentence denotes Risk of NSTEMI was stratified using the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) score.
T19 3196-3401 Sentence denotes Time to reperfusion, basal admission, and peak high-sensitivity troponin level, as well as left-ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at discharge and in hospital mortality were also collected and compared.
T20 3402-3526 Sentence denotes Patients signed informed consents for data collection, and the study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
T21 3528-3548 Sentence denotes Statistical analysis
T22 3549-3687 Sentence denotes Continuous variables were expressed as mean + standard deviation, whereas categorical variables were presented as numbers and percentages.
T23 3688-3805 Sentence denotes Distributions of continuous variables were examined for skewness and were logarithmically transformed as appropriate.
T24 3806-3902 Sentence denotes Continuous variables with normal distribution were compared using the unpaired Student’s t-test.
T25 3903-3982 Sentence denotes Nonparametric continuous variables were compared using the U Mann-Whitney test.
T26 3983-4037 Sentence denotes Categorical variables were compared using the χ2 test.
T27 4038-4193 Sentence denotes Incidence rate (IR) for ACS related hospitalization was calculated by dividing the number of cumulative events by the number of days for both time periods.
T28 4194-4252 Sentence denotes A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
T29 4253-4332 Sentence denotes Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY).
T30 4334-4341 Sentence denotes Results
T31 4342-4388 Sentence denotes Patient characteristics are shown in Table 1 .
T32 4389-4540 Sentence denotes A total of 246 ACS-patients were included in the study (162 patients with ACS admitted in March 2019, and 84 patients with ACS admitted in March 2020).
T33 4541-4811 Sentence denotes During the case period, a total of 84 hospital admissions for ACS were observed, accounting for an IR of 2.7 admissions per day vs an IR of 5.2 admissions per day observed in the control period (odds ratio [OR], 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39-0.67; P < 0.001).
T34 4812-5219 Sentence denotes Of the 84 patients with ACS in 2020, 26 were positive for COVID-19; of these, 5 patients were already hospitalized for interstitial pneumonia, whereas—in the remaining 21 cases—the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection was an incidental finding from the routine COVID reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay of a nasal swab performed immediately at admission before cardiac catheterization.
T35 5220-5288 Sentence denotes Table 1 Patients clinical characteristics and acute clinical outcome
T36 5289-5399 Sentence denotes Group 2019162 patients Group 202084 patients P value Group I 2019162 patients Group II 202084 patients P value
T37 5400-5461 Sentence denotes AGE 69.9 + 32.6 68.3 + 30.9 ns STEMI 59 (36.4%) 34 (40.5%) ns
T38 5462-5537 Sentence denotes SEX M:113/F:49 M:62/F:22 ns STEMI rr > 24 hours 7 (4.3%) 15 (17.8%) < 0.001
T39 5538-5605 Sentence denotes COPD 35 (21.6%) 7 (8.3%) < 0.01 NSTEMI 93 (57.4%) 33 (39.3%) < 0.01
T40 5606-5680 Sentence denotes HYPERTENSION 108 (66.7%) 65 (77.4%) ns Others ACS 3 (1.9%) 2 (2.4%) < 0.01
T41 5681-5782 Sentence denotes DIABETES 48 (29.6%) 31 (36.9%) ns Door to balloon (STEMI) 40 + 12 (minutes) 66 + 17 (minutes) < 0.001
T42 5783-5883 Sentence denotes SMOKING 85 (52.5%) 34 (40.5%) ns Symptoms to PCI (STEMI) 3.9 + 2.2 (hours) 5.8 + 3.1 (hours) < 0.001
T43 5884-5991 Sentence denotes DYSLIPIDEMIA 100 (61.7%) 58 (69%) ns Symptoms to PCI (NSTEMI) 18.8 + 20 (hours) 36.9 + 38.4 (hours) < 0.001
T44 5992-6073 Sentence denotes BMI > 30 36 (22.2%) 23 (27.4%) ns hs-cTnI (basal) 1142 + 4017 5138 + 9408 < 0.001
T45 6074-6160 Sentence denotes KNOWN CAD 41 (25.3%) 31 (36.9%) ns hs-cTnI (peak) 9143 + 13,825 13,681 + 10,936 < 0.01
T46 6161-6219 Sentence denotes AF 18 (11.1%) 6 (7.1%) ns LVEF 48.9 + 9.4 45.9 + 12 < 0.05
T47 6220-6276 Sentence denotes CKD 21 (13%) 12 (14.3%) ns LVEF < 40% 24.7% 42.8% < 0.01
T48 6277-6332 Sentence denotes GRACE SCORE 116 + 26 126 + 27 < 0.01 Death 1.8% 4.7% ns
T49 6333-6437 Sentence denotes Other ACS (Tako-Tsubo syndrome or myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries [MINOCA]).
T50 6438-6967 Sentence denotes AF, atrial fibrillation; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events; hs-cTnI, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (lab range 0-58 ng/L); LVEF, left-ventricular ejection fraction; NSTEMI, non–ST-elevation myocardial infarction; rr, recommended reperfusion; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; rr, recommended reperfusion; STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
T51 6968-7074 Sentence denotes There were no significant differences in patient clinical characteristics or risk factors in the 2 groups.
T52 7075-7253 Sentence denotes In March 2019, NSTEMI was a more frequent admission diagnosis (57.4% vs 39.3%, P < 0.01) and symptom to PCI was significantly shorter (18.8 + 20 vs 36.9 + 38.4 hours, P < 0.001).
T53 7254-7577 Sentence denotes In the STEMI subgroup, door-to-balloon and symptoms-to-balloons were significantly higher in March 2020 (66 + 17 vs 40 + 12 minutes, P < 0.001 and 5.8 + 3.1 hours vs 3.9 + 2.2 hours, P < 0.001 [Fig. 1 ]) with a delay from symptoms to wiring for STEMI PCI > 24 hours more frequently in March 2020 (17.8% vs 4.3%, P < 0.001).
T54 7578-7865 Sentence denotes The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score was significantly higher in 2020 (126 + 27 vs 116 + 26, P < 0.001), and more patients were in the higher European Society of Cardiology (ESC) tertile predictive of higher in-hospital and 6-month mortality (GRACE score above 140:
T55 7866-7917 Sentence denotes 33.3% vs 18.5, P < 0.01, and GRACE score above 118:
T56 7918-7943 Sentence denotes 59.6 vs 44.4%, P < 0.05).
T57 7944-8141 Sentence denotes Figure 1 Graph bar shows the difference in door-to-balloon, symptoms-to-percutaneous coronary intervention, basal and peak in high-sensitivity troponin I between the 2 groups. ∗P < 0.001.∗∗P < 0.01
T58 8142-8196 Sentence denotes In-hospital clinical outcome is summarized in Table 2.
T59 8197-8379 Sentence denotes Admission and peak high sensitivity troponin were significantly higher in 2020 (5138 + 9408 vs 1142 + 4017 ng/L, P < 0.001, 13,681 + 10,936 vs 9143 + 13,825 ng/L, P < 0.01 [Fig. 1]).
T60 8380-8478 Sentence denotes Presence of an LVEF < 40% at discharge was more frequent in March 2020 (42.8% vs 24.7%, P < 0.01).
T61 8479-8564 Sentence denotes No statistical difference in in-hospital mortality was observed between the 2 groups.
T62 8566-8576 Sentence denotes Discussion
T63 8577-8747 Sentence denotes The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic was associated with a significant decrease in the rate of hospitalization for ACS, a reduction not justified by a possible biological explanation.
T64 8748-9485 Sentence denotes Viral infections and ACS share the development of a peak during winter as clearly shown by epidemiologic studies and meta-analyses that suggest a significant increase in ACS-STEMI in patients affected by seasonal flu when compared with the remaining population.3 , 4 SARS-CoV-2 infection shares many similarities with other coronavirus infections such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, both responsible for increase in acute cardiovascular events rate in infected patients.5 Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections also develop general proinflammatory and hypercoagulative status, explaining the frequent in-hospital acute coronary events observed.2 The opposite phenomenon of a paradoxical reduction observed can have several possible explanations.
T65 9486-9681 Sentence denotes First, the fear of risking close contact with infected SARS-CoV-2 patients might have discouraged the access to the emergency department in cases of mild symptoms of chest pain or breathlessness.
T66 9682-9888 Sentence denotes Second, the insistence on isolation at home may have deterred patients from seeking consultations with their general practitioners or undergoing examinations such as electrocardiography or echocardiography.
T67 9889-10307 Sentence denotes Mild clinical ACS symptoms, such as dyspnea and chest tightness, associated with increased myocardial enzymes and without clear electrocardiographic changes could have been dismissed as a consequence of widespread viral organ involvement, and the overstress suffered by the National Health Service might have affected the timing of transportation and hospital admission, at least on the most crucial days in mid-March.
T68 10308-10505 Sentence denotes Unfortunately, underdiagnosis and late or missed treatment might be deleterious for patients with ACS, a life-threatening condition with outcome closely related to prompt recognition and treatment.
T69 10506-10770 Sentence denotes Untreated ACS might result in both acute and long-term complications such as cardiac rupture; pericardial tamponade; mitral regurgitation; aneurysmal dilatation; and marked reduction in LVEF, resulting in immediate cardiogenic shock and late chronic heart failure.
T70 10771-10883 Sentence denotes Numbers were too small and follow-up too short to show a survival difference at discharge or in the first month.
T71 10884-11096 Sentence denotes The higher release of cardiac enzymes, more severe LVEF impairment, and more frequent GRACE scores in the group with predicted higher 6-month mortality suggest high likelihood of worse outcomes at late follow-up.
T72 11097-11366 Sentence denotes The time delay in the door-to-balloon of 10 extra minutes—probably explained by the need to don personal protective equipment carefully—was sufficient to be statistically significant compared with 2019 but unlikely to cause a clinically relevant worsening in prognosis.
T73 11367-11473 Sentence denotes In these patients, we have applied the same aggressive approach recommended in the current ESC Guidelines.
T74 11474-11692 Sentence denotes In Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, a conservative approach with frequent use of thrombolysis was applied in most ACS-STEMI and NSTEMI syndromes, certainly a suboptimal treatment in the urgent and primary PCI era.
T75 11693-12181 Sentence denotes It is possible that the creation of dedicated COVID hospitals has led to a dedicated path of treatment, making it difficult to retransfer patients already in COVID areas to hospitals with PCI facilities: a problem not present in any of the 3 hospitals recruiting for this study.2 The marked reduction of ACS complications observed in the last decades are certainly justified by the widespread diffusion of an emergency network allowing most of our population to early reperfusion therapy.
T76 12182-12384 Sentence denotes If our findings will be confirmed in large-scale registries, we might expect to face an increase of serious myocardial impairment that will represent a new challenge for the entire cardiology community.
T77 12385-12526 Sentence denotes The major limitation of our study is that our series comes from a retrospective evaluation, which is certainly susceptible to selection bias.
T78 12527-12647 Sentence denotes Moreover, the small sample size and the short-term follow-up did not allow us to draw any conclusions on hard endpoints.
T79 12648-12917 Sentence denotes The correct antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy in the prothrombotic state related to COVID infection remains a matter of concern; in our study, the use of glycloprotein IIb/IIIa was low in both groups, whereas cangrelor infusions were used more often in the 2020 group.
T80 12918-13481 Sentence denotes A larger sample size, including more hospitals and multiple inter-year and intra-year control periods, certainly would have improved the statistical power of our findings, but the reduction of hospitalizations for ACS during the first 3 months of the Italian lockdown has been confirmed by our recently published large North Italian registry.1 "Stay home" is an important message to contain spreading of the virus, but this message should be tempered by a clear exclusion of chest pain and other medical emergencies that still require rapid in-hospital treatment.
T81 13483-13498 Sentence denotes Funding Sources
T82 13499-13576 Sentence denotes The authors report no funding sources relevant to the contents of this paper.
T83 13578-13589 Sentence denotes Disclosures
T84 13590-13644 Sentence denotes The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
T85 13646-13687 Sentence denotes See page 1155 for disclosure information.

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32447060-25051134-18289998 9009-9010 25051134 denotes 3
32447060-29324996-18289999 9013-9014 29324996 denotes 4
32447060-32186331-18290000 9213-9214 32186331 denotes 5

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
1 83-93 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
12 130-177 Species denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 Tax:2697049
13 179-189 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
14 259-267 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
15 286-296 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
16 334-342 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
17 435-445 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
18 486-494 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
19 594-602 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
20 617-625 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
21 910-919 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
30 1021-1068 Species denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 Tax:2697049
31 1070-1080 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
32 1679-1687 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
33 1706-1716 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
34 2180-2190 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
35 1407-1416 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
36 1634-1654 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
37 1747-1770 Disease denotes acute coronary syndrome MESH:D054058
39 2385-2393 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
45 3402-3410 Species denotes Patients Tax:9606
46 2877-2898 Disease denotes myocardial infarction MESH:D009203
47 2925-2946 Disease denotes myocardial infarction MESH:D009203
48 3144-3181 Disease denotes Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction MESH:D009203
49 3358-3367 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
62 6029-6033 Gene denotes cTnI Gene:7137
63 6112-6116 Gene denotes cTnI Gene:7137
64 5652-5657 Gene denotes ACS 3 Gene:7291
65 5303-5311 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
66 5325-5333 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
67 5358-5366 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
68 5383-5391 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
69 5538-5542 Disease denotes COPD MESH:D029424
70 5681-5689 Disease denotes DIABETES MESH:D003920
71 6161-6163 Disease denotes AF MESH:D001281
72 6220-6223 Disease denotes CKD MESH:D012080
73 6314-6319 Disease denotes Death MESH:D003643
75 5228-5236 Species denotes Patients Tax:9606
78 6344-6363 Disease denotes Tako-Tsubo syndrome MESH:D054549
79 6367-6388 Disease denotes myocardial infarction MESH:D009203
91 6671-6675 Gene denotes cTnI Gene:7137
92 6438-6440 Disease denotes AF MESH:D001281
93 6442-6461 Disease denotes atrial fibrillation MESH:D001281
94 6468-6491 Disease denotes acute coronary syndrome MESH:D054058
95 6520-6543 Disease denotes coronary artery disease MESH:D003324
96 6545-6548 Disease denotes CKD MESH:D012080
97 6550-6572 Disease denotes chronic kidney disease MESH:D051436
98 6574-6578 Disease denotes COPD MESH:D029424
99 6580-6617 Disease denotes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease MESH:D029424
100 6803-6824 Disease denotes myocardial infarction MESH:D009203
101 6945-6966 Disease denotes myocardial infarction MESH:D009203
113 4342-4349 Species denotes Patient Tax:9606
114 4408-4416 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
115 4449-4457 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
116 4498-4506 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
117 4822-4830 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
118 4892-4900 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
119 4870-4878 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
120 4944-4953 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
121 5006-5014 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
122 5015-5024 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
123 5068-5073 Disease denotes COVID MESH:C000657245
127 7009-7016 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
128 7714-7722 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
129 7832-7841 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
131 8520-8529 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
163 8581-8591 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
164 8931-8939 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
165 9103-9111 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
166 9116-9124 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
167 9204-9212 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
168 9215-9223 Species denotes Patients Tax:9606
169 9541-9551 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
170 9552-9560 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
171 9744-9752 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
172 10392-10400 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
173 11376-11384 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
174 11496-11502 Species denotes People Tax:9606
175 11831-11839 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
176 8748-8764 Disease denotes Viral infections MESH:D001102
177 9015-9035 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
178 9072-9094 Disease denotes coronavirus infections MESH:D018352
179 9195-9203 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
180 9229-9250 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infections MESH:C000657245
181 9532-9540 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
182 9652-9662 Disease denotes chest pain MESH:D002637
183 9925-9932 Disease denotes dyspnea MESH:D004417
184 9937-9952 Disease denotes chest tightness MESH:D002637
185 10583-10598 Disease denotes cardiac rupture MESH:D006341
186 10623-10643 Disease denotes mitral regurgitation MESH:D008944
187 10645-10666 Disease denotes aneurysmal dilatation MESH:D000783
188 10721-10738 Disease denotes cardiogenic shock MESH:D012770
189 10756-10769 Disease denotes heart failure MESH:D006333
190 10935-10950 Disease denotes LVEF impairment MESH:D060825
191 11026-11035 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
192 11739-11744 Disease denotes COVID MESH:C000657245
193 11851-11856 Disease denotes COVID MESH:C000657245
195 13393-13403 Disease denotes chest pain MESH:D002637
197 12733-12748 Disease denotes COVID infection MESH:C000657245