> top > docs > PMC:7214329 > annotations

PMC:7214329 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
2 31-41 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
3 71-95 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
6 111-121 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
7 183-191 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
12 579-589 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
13 713-723 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
14 374-398 Disease denotes Coronavirus disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
15 400-408 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
17 883-893 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
21 1542-1548 Species denotes mouses Tax:10090
22 1474-1479 Chemical denotes water MESH:D014867
23 1506-1514 Disease denotes elevator MESH:D006973
25 1659-1667 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
39 2007-2024 Species denotes novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
40 2032-2042 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
41 2349-2355 Species denotes people Tax:9606
42 2433-2440 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
43 2448-2458 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
44 2793-2801 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
45 1925-1949 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
46 1951-1959 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
47 1976-1994 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141
48 2417-2425 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
49 2489-2497 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
50 2546-2554 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
51 2784-2792 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
60 2884-2894 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
61 3003-3011 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
62 3027-3035 Species denotes Patients Tax:9606
63 3089-3099 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
64 3224-3234 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
65 3379-3389 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
66 3017-3025 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
67 3429-3449 Disease denotes nosocomial infection MESH:D003428
73 3672-3682 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
74 3739-3749 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
75 3910-3920 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
76 4021-4031 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
77 3597-3606 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
84 5239-5245 Species denotes mouses Tax:10090
85 5364-5371 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
86 5087-5093 Chemical denotes oxygen MESH:D010100
87 5262-5267 Chemical denotes water MESH:D014867
88 5199-5207 Disease denotes elevator MESH:D006973
89 5432-5440 Disease denotes elevator MESH:D006973
96 4297-4305 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
97 4612-4619 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
98 4239-4247 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
99 4311-4319 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
100 4406-4411 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
101 4711-4716 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
106 5700-5708 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
107 5781-5786 Species denotes mouse Tax:10090
108 5864-5870 Chemical denotes oxygen MESH:D010100
109 5887-5895 Disease denotes elevator MESH:D006973
116 6714-6718 Gene denotes RdRp Gene:43740578
117 6738-6739 Gene denotes N Gene:43740575
118 6724-6736 Gene denotes nucleocapsid Gene:43740575
119 6446-6456 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
120 6511-6521 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
121 6653-6663 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
123 7753-7758 Disease denotes Fever MESH:D005334
125 7414-7424 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
127 9156-9161 Disease denotes Fever MESH:D005334
129 8208-8218 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
134 10355-10361 Species denotes mouses Tax:10090
135 10287-10292 Chemical denotes Water MESH:D014867
136 10445-10451 Chemical denotes Oxygen MESH:D010100
137 10319-10327 Disease denotes Elevator MESH:D006973
143 9694-9698 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
144 10016-10022 Species denotes mouses Tax:10090
145 10095-10105 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
146 9948-9953 Chemical denotes water MESH:D014867
147 9980-9988 Disease denotes elevator MESH:D006973
156 10764-10774 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
157 11005-11015 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
158 11098-11108 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
159 11704-11715 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
160 10703-10721 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141
161 10920-10928 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
162 11367-11375 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
163 11601-11610 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
169 11936-11946 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
170 12263-12271 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
171 12110-12130 Disease denotes nosocomial infection MESH:D003428
172 12241-12250 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
173 12343-12363 Disease denotes nosocomial infection MESH:D003428
182 12709-12719 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
183 13115-13125 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
184 13197-13205 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
185 13341-13347 Species denotes mouses Tax:10090
186 13291-13296 Chemical denotes water MESH:D014867
187 13047-13052 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
188 13262-13271 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
189 13314-13322 Disease denotes elevator MESH:D006973
199 13658-13666 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
200 14075-14085 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
201 14138-14146 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
202 14236-14243 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
203 14282-14289 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
204 13565-13570 Chemical denotes Water MESH:D014867
205 13591-13599 Disease denotes elevator MESH:D006973
206 14094-14102 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
207 14129-14137 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
212 14449-14459 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
213 14703-14711 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
214 14877-14887 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
215 14770-14780 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
226 15121-15129 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
227 15441-15448 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
228 16272-16280 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
229 15800-15808 Chemical denotes chlorine MESH:D002713
230 16032-16040 Chemical denotes chlorine MESH:D002713
231 15135-15143 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
232 15213-15222 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
233 15334-15342 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
234 15432-15440 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
235 15715-15723 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
238 16840-16850 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
239 17245-17254 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
243 17720-17728 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
244 17771-17781 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
245 17734-17742 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 122-125 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T2 322-326 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T3 894-897 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T4 992-995 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T5 1871-1875 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T6 2765-2770 Body_part denotes feces http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma64183
T7 2775-2780 Body_part denotes urine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma12274
T8 3921-3924 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T9 6457-6460 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T10 6664-6670 Body_part denotes genome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116
T11 6684-6687 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T12 6698-6701 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T13 6800-6804 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T14 7925-7931 Body_part denotes Throat http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738
T15 8219-8222 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T16 9333-9339 Body_part denotes Throat http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738
T17 10106-10109 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T18 10998-11001 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T19 13126-13129 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T20 14460-14463 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T21 14582-14586 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T22 14782-14786 Body_part denotes Hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T23 14969-14973 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T24 14990-14994 Body_part denotes Hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T25 15403-15406 Body_part denotes eye http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma54448
T26 18010-18028 Body_part denotes surfaces, and hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma25240
T27 18024-18028 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 322-326 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T2 1871-1875 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T3 2765-2770 Body_part denotes feces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001988
T4 2775-2780 Body_part denotes urine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001088
T5 5103-5108 Body_part denotes valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003978
T6 5880-5885 Body_part denotes valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003978
T7 7925-7931 Body_part denotes Throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341
T8 9333-9339 Body_part denotes Throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341
T9 10461-10466 Body_part denotes valve http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003978
T10 14582-14586 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T11 14782-14786 Body_part denotes Hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T12 14969-14973 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T13 14990-14994 Body_part denotes Hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T14 15403-15406 Body_part denotes eye http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000970
T15 18024-18028 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 31-39 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T2 71-95 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T3 111-119 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T4 183-191 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T5 374-398 Disease denotes Coronavirus disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T6 400-408 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T7 579-587 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T8 713-721 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T9 883-891 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T10 1659-1667 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T11 1925-1949 Disease denotes coronavirus disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T12 1951-1959 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T13 1976-1994 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T14 2032-2040 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T15 2448-2456 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T16 2489-2509 Disease denotes infected respiratory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355
T17 2884-2892 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T18 3017-3025 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T19 3089-3097 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T20 3224-3232 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T21 3257-3267 Disease denotes infectious http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T22 3379-3387 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T23 3429-3449 Disease denotes nosocomial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0043544
T24 3440-3449 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T25 3588-3606 Disease denotes hospital infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0043544
T26 3597-3606 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T27 3672-3680 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T28 3739-3747 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T29 3910-3918 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T30 4021-4029 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T31 4239-4247 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T32 4311-4319 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T33 6180-6182 Disease denotes AM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0020320
T34 6446-6454 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T35 6511-6519 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T36 6653-6661 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T37 7414-7422 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T38 8208-8216 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T39 10095-10103 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T40 10703-10721 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T41 10764-10772 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T42 10920-10940 Disease denotes infected respiratory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355
T43 11005-11013 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T44 11098-11106 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T45 11367-11375 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T46 11601-11610 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T47 11936-11944 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T48 12110-12130 Disease denotes nosocomial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0043544
T49 12121-12130 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T50 12241-12250 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T51 12343-12363 Disease denotes nosocomial infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0043544
T52 12354-12363 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T53 12709-12717 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T54 13115-13123 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T55 13262-13271 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T56 14075-14083 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T57 14094-14114 Disease denotes infected respiratory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355
T58 14449-14457 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T59 14770-14780 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T60 14877-14885 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T61 15135-15143 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T62 15213-15222 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T63 15334-15342 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T64 15432-15440 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T65 15715-15723 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T66 16622-16624 Disease denotes AM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0020320
T67 16840-16848 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T68 17245-17254 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T69 17301-17303 Disease denotes WS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010196
T70 17734-17742 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T71 17771-17779 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 45-46 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T2 157-158 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T3 703-704 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T4 1172-1173 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T5 1418-1419 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T6 1542-1548 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouses
T7 1730-1731 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T8 1913-1918 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T9 2005-2006 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T10 2025-2030 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T11 2192-2194 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T12 2202-2203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T13 2317-2322 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T14 2620-2625 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T15 2675-2676 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T16 2690-2691 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T17 2722-2727 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799 denotes 4 , 5
T18 3201-3204 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T19 3821-3822 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T20 4011-4012 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T21 4141-4142 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T22 4163-4165 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001236 denotes 2A
T23 4331-4333 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T24 4982-4988 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225 denotes labels
T25 5103-5108 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000825 denotes valve
T26 5169-5176 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes devices
T27 5239-5245 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouses
T28 5285-5286 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T29 5781-5786 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouse
T30 5880-5885 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000825 denotes valve
T31 6509-6510 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T32 6741-6746 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 denotes genes
T33 6767-6768 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T34 6800-6804 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 denotes gene
T35 6849-6850 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T36 7169-7173 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T37 7192-7200 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test was
T38 7230-7233 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001562 denotes A 2
T39 7230-7233 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001563 denotes A 2
T40 7553-7558 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T41 7766-7768 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T42 7914-7917 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 2 2
T43 8365-8370 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T44 8736-8737 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T45 8782-8783 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T46 8887-8892 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T47 8945-8947 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T48 8980-8982 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T49 9047-9051 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001360 denotes 4 12
T50 9067-9071 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001053 denotes 12 1
T51 9082-9086 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001442 denotes 6 12
T52 9223-9226 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 4 1
T53 9297-9300 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 4 1
T54 9406-9410 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001415 denotes 55 2
T55 9428-9430 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T56 10016-10022 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouses
T57 10227-10232 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T58 10355-10361 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouses
T59 10461-10466 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000825 denotes valve
T60 10486-10488 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T61 10506-10509 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054055 denotes 7 1
T62 10531-10534 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054055 denotes 7 1
T63 10548-10551 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054055 denotes 7 1
T64 10608-10610 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T65 10657-10662 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T66 10840-10846 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001006 denotes 3 , 11
T67 10873-10878 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T68 11267-11272 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T69 11556-11561 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T70 12301-12302 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T71 13251-13252 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T72 13341-13347 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouses
T73 13807-13812 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T74 13992-13999 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes devices
T75 14201-14206 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T76 14634-14639 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T77 14864-14871 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T78 14892-14895 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T79 14952-14953 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T80 14982-14984 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T81 15403-15406 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000827 denotes eye
T82 16030-16031 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T83 16976-16977 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T84 17011-17013 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T85 17170-17173 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T86 17818-17819 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T87 18081-18086 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 1474-1479 Chemical denotes water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377
T2 4643-4649 Chemical denotes buffer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35225
T3 4822-4828 Chemical denotes buffer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35225
T4 5087-5093 Chemical denotes oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25805
T5 5262-5267 Chemical denotes water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377
T6 5396-5402 Chemical denotes buffer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35225
T7 5518-5524 Chemical denotes buffer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35225
T8 5864-5870 Chemical denotes oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25805
T9 5937-5939 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T10 6522-6534 Chemical denotes nucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33696
T11 6530-6534 Chemical denotes acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T12 6612-6614 Chemical denotes Co http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27638
T13 9438-9442 Chemical denotes Rest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T14 9948-9953 Chemical denotes water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377
T15 10287-10292 Chemical denotes Water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377
T16 10445-10451 Chemical denotes Oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15379
T17 12602-12613 Chemical denotes application http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232
T18 13291-13296 Chemical denotes water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377
T19 13565-13570 Chemical denotes Water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377
T20 15800-15808 Chemical denotes chlorine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23116|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29310
T22 15815-15828 Chemical denotes disinfectants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219
T23 16032-16040 Chemical denotes chlorine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23116|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29310
T25 16052-16064 Chemical denotes disinfectant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219
T26 16237-16250 Chemical denotes disinfectants http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219
T27 17301-17303 Chemical denotes WS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73694

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 928-949 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001171 denotes reverse transcription
T2 936-949 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T3 5601-5616 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046794 denotes viral transport
T4 5607-5616 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 denotes transport
T5 6301-6322 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001171 denotes Reverse transcription
T6 6309-6322 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T7 6380-6401 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001171 denotes reverse transcription
T8 6388-6401 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes transcription
T9 9438-9442 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043336 denotes Rest
T10 11532-11540 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015297 denotes exchange
T11 12475-12486 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulations
T12 14115-14125 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 denotes secretions
T13 17209-17220 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 denotes regulations

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-95 Sentence denotes Environmental contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in a designated hospital for coronavirus disease 2019
T2 97-107 Sentence denotes Highlights
T3 108-192 Sentence denotes • SARS-CoV-2 RNA was not detected in the air in a designated hospital for COVID-19.
T4 193-263 Sentence denotes • Environmental surface in medical areas was frequently contaminated.
T5 264-352 Sentence denotes • Strict environmental surface disinfection and enhanced hand hygiene were recommended.
T6 354-362 Sentence denotes Abstract
T7 363-373 Sentence denotes Background
T8 374-625 Sentence denotes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by risk of nosocomial transmission; however, the extent of environmental contamination and its potential contribution of environmental contamination to SARS-CoV-2 transmission are poorly understood.
T9 626-737 Sentence denotes This study aimed to investigate whether environmental contamination may play a role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
T10 739-746 Sentence denotes Methods
T11 747-882 Sentence denotes Air samples were collected by natural precipitation, and environmental surface samples were collected by conventional surface swabbing.
T12 883-976 Sentence denotes SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was performed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
T13 978-985 Sentence denotes Results
T14 986-1035 Sentence denotes Viral RNA was not detected in the 44 air samples.
T15 1036-1207 Sentence denotes The positive rates in 200 environmental surface samples in medical areas (24.83%) was higher than that in living quarters (3.64%), with a significant difference (P < .05).
T16 1208-1387 Sentence denotes The positive rates were 25.00% and 37.50% for the general isolation ward and intensive care unit, respectively, and no significant difference was observed between them (P = .238).
T17 1388-1583 Sentence denotes The top 5 sampling sites with a positive rate in medical areas were beepers (50.00%), water machine buttons (50.00%), elevator buttons (42.86%), computer mouses (40.00%), and telephones (40.00%).
T18 1585-1596 Sentence denotes Conclusions
T19 1597-1773 Sentence denotes Most of the touchable surfaces in the designated hospital for COVID-19 were heavily contaminated, suggesting that the environment is a potential medium of disease transmission.
T20 1774-1919 Sentence denotes These results emphasize the need for strict environmental surface hygiene practices and enhanced hand hygiene to prevent the spread of the virus.
T21 1921-2179 Sentence denotes The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus virus (SARS-CoV-2).1 , 2 The disease was first identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, which then spread rapidly from Wuhan to other areas of China.
T22 2180-2312 Sentence denotes As of March 22, 2020, a total of 81,563 cases have been confirmed in China, and an outbreak occurred in several countries worldwide.
T23 2313-2382 Sentence denotes The virus is highly contagious, and people are generally susceptible.
T24 2383-2562 Sentence denotes Many healthcare workers have been infected during patient care.3 SARS-CoV-2 is mainly transmitted through infected respiratory droplets and close contact with the infected person.
T25 2563-2858 Sentence denotes Further, there is risk for aerosol transmission when the virus is exposed to high concentrations of aerosol for a long time in a relatively closed environment.4 , 5 An environment contaminated with the feces and urine of infected patients may also cause transmission through aerosol or contact.6
T26 2859-3026 Sentence denotes To contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2, some designated hospitals have been appointed by the Chinese government as special treatment sites for the patients with COVID-19.
T27 3027-3197 Sentence denotes Patients in the designated hospital were in high density, the SARS-CoV-2 could be excreted by respiratory droplets or aerosols, contaminating the surrounding environment.
T28 3198-3450 Sentence denotes It has been reported that SARS-CoV-2 can remain viable and infectious in aerosols for hours and on surfaces up to days.7 If environmental disinfection is not thorough or effective, SARS-CoV-2 may spread widely and can even lead to nosocomial infection.
T29 3451-3785 Sentence denotes Researchers suggest that improving the environmental sanitation quality can reduce the spread of pathogens in hospitals and even prevent hospital infection outbreak.8 However, the extent of environmental contamination by SARS-CoV-2 and the potential contribution of this contamination to SARS-CoV-2 transmission are poorly understood.
T30 3786-4045 Sentence denotes The present study was performed in a designated hospital to evaluate environmental contamination in the air and surfaces by SARS-CoV-2 RNA qualitative detection and to investigate whether environmental contamination may play a role in SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
T31 4047-4054 Sentence denotes Methods
T32 4056-4069 Sentence denotes Study setting
T33 4070-4107 Sentence denotes This study was conducted in Wuhan No.
T34 4108-4266 Sentence denotes 7 Hospital, which was originally a comprehensive Grade 2A hospital and then became one of the first batch designated hospitals for COVID-19 in Hubei Province.
T35 4267-4340 Sentence denotes The hospital started to treat patients with COVID-19 on January 22, 2020.
T36 4341-4478 Sentence denotes It comprises general isolation wards, intensive care unit (ICU), fever clinic, clinical laboratory, office areas, and restrooms (Fig 1 ).
T37 4479-4852 Sentence denotes All regions of the hospital were divided into 2 categories: (1) moderate- and high-risk regions, including the medical areas such as patient room, nurses’ station, buffer room for taking off personal protective equipment (PPE), and fever clinic, and (2) low-risk regions, including the living quarters such as the restrooms, office areas, and buffer room for taking on PPE.
T38 4853-4972 Sentence denotes Fig 1 Room layout of the general isolation ward 1 and the living quarters showing environmental and air sampling sites.
T39 4973-5309 Sentence denotes Numbered labels correspond to environmental sampling sites. ① beepers; ② bed rails; ③ desktops;④ bedside tables;⑤ oxygen cylinder valve;⑥ medical equipment such as ventilator, monitors, and X-ray devices, etc;⑦ door handles;⑧ elevator buttons;⑨ keyboards;⑩ computer mouses;⑪ telephones; ⑫ water machine buttons; A refers to air samples.
T40 5310-5548 Sentence denotes The medical area with moderate and high risk contains patient's room, nurses station, buffer room for taking off PPE, and elevator; the living quarters with low risk contains the rest rooms, office area, and buffer room for taking on PPE.
T41 5550-5567 Sentence denotes Sample collection
T42 5568-5731 Sentence denotes Flocked swabs, premoistened with viral transport medium, were collected from environmental surfaces that were frequently touched by patients or healthcare workers.
T43 5732-5970 Sentence denotes The surfaces included beeper, keyboard, computer mouse, telephone, door handle, desktop, medical equipment, bedrail, bedside table, oxygen cylinder valve, elevator button, and others such as refrigerator, IV port, and sample transfer box.
T44 5971-6299 Sentence denotes Air samples from medical areas were collected through natural precipitation according to the Hygienic Standard for Disinfection in Hospitals.9 All samples were collected under emergency conditions around 8:00 AM before routine cleaning and disinfection and were delivered to the clinical laboratory immediately after collection.
T45 6301-6341 Sentence denotes Reverse transcription PCR and sequencing
T46 6342-6461 Sentence denotes The suspension was used for real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay of SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
T47 6462-6623 Sentence denotes The real-time RT-PCR assay was performed using a SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection kit according to the manufacturer's protocol (Shanghai ZJ Bio-Tech Co., Ltd.).
T48 6624-6913 Sentence denotes Two different targets on the SARS-CoV-2 genome, namely, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and nucleocapsid (N) genes, were employed, and a third target, the envelope (E) gene, was used for real-time quantitative PCR.10 A sample was considered positive when the qPCR Ct value was ≤43.
T49 6915-6935 Sentence denotes Statistical analysis
T50 6936-7017 Sentence denotes Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.0 software (SPSS Inc.).
T51 7018-7229 Sentence denotes The differences in the positive rates between the medical areas and the living quarters and the general isolation ward and ICU were compared by the χ2 test; the Fisher exact test was used when data were limited.
T52 7230-7312 Sentence denotes A 2-sided α of less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
T53 7314-7321 Sentence denotes Results
T54 7323-7334 Sentence denotes Air samples
T55 7335-7459 Sentence denotes Of the 44 air samples collected in medical areas, none of all was positive for SARS-CoV-2 as assessed by RT- PCR (Table 1 ).
T56 7460-7540 Sentence denotes Table 1 Positive rate of air samples from different departments in medical areas
T57 7541-7591 Sentence denotes Areas NO.of tests NO.of Positive Positive rate (%)
T58 7592-7625 Sentence denotes General isolation wards 13 0 0.00
T59 7626-7641 Sentence denotes Ward 1 3 0 0.00
T60 7642-7657 Sentence denotes Ward 2 3 0 0.00
T61 7658-7673 Sentence denotes Ward 3 1 0 0.00
T62 7674-7689 Sentence denotes Ward 4 2 0 0.00
T63 7690-7705 Sentence denotes Ward 5 3 0 0.00
T64 7706-7721 Sentence denotes Ward 6 1 0 0.00
T65 7722-7752 Sentence denotes Intensive care units 13 0 0.00
T66 7753-7775 Sentence denotes Fever clinic 18 0 0.00
T67 7776-7799 Sentence denotes Emergency room 3 0 0.00
T68 7800-7825 Sentence denotes Observation room 1 0 0.00
T69 7826-7849 Sentence denotes Treatment room 1 0 0.00
T70 7850-7872 Sentence denotes Infusion room 1 0 0.00
T71 7873-7898 Sentence denotes Diagnosis room 1 2 0 0.00
T72 7899-7924 Sentence denotes Diagnosis room 2 2 0 0.00
T73 7925-7959 Sentence denotes Throat swab sampling room 2 0 0.00
T74 7960-7980 Sentence denotes Public area 6 0 0.00
T75 7981-7996 Sentence denotes Total 44 0 0.00
T76 7998-8027 Sentence denotes Environmental surface samples
T77 8028-8127 Sentence denotes The positive rates of samples from environmental surfaces in different areas are shown in Table 2 .
T78 8128-8223 Sentence denotes Of the 200 swab samples taken from environmental surfaces, 38 were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
T79 8224-8371 Sentence denotes Thirty-six (24.83%) of the 145 samples collected in medical areas and 2 (3.64%) of the 55 collected in living quarters were positive for the virus.
T80 8372-8472 Sentence denotes The positive rate in medical areas was significantly higher than that in living quarters (P = .001).
T81 8473-8645 Sentence denotes The positive rates were 25.00% and 37.50% for the general isolation ward and ICU, respectively, and no significant difference was observed between these regions (P = .238).
T82 8646-8794 Sentence denotes Two positive samples were detected in the office area, one was detected on the surface of a keyboard, and another was on the surface of a telephone.
T83 8795-8873 Sentence denotes Table 2 Positive rate of samples from environmental surface in different areas
T84 8874-8926 Sentence denotes Areas No. of tests No. of positive Positive rate (%)
T85 8927-8953 Sentence denotes Medical areas 145 36 24.83
T86 8954-8988 Sentence denotes General isolation ward 72 18 25.00
T87 8989-9006 Sentence denotes Ward 1 12 6 50.00
T88 9007-9023 Sentence denotes Ward 2 12 0 0.00
T89 9024-9041 Sentence denotes Ward 3 12 4 33.33
T90 9042-9059 Sentence denotes Ward 4 12 3 25.00
T91 9060-9076 Sentence denotes Ward 5 12 1 8.33
T92 9077-9094 Sentence denotes Ward 6 12 4 33.33
T93 9095-9126 Sentence denotes Intensive care units 24 9 37.50
T94 9127-9155 Sentence denotes Clinical laboratory 7 0 0.00
T95 9156-9179 Sentence denotes Fever clinic 42 9 21.43
T96 9180-9205 Sentence denotes Emergency room 12 6 50.00
T97 9206-9232 Sentence denotes Observation room 4 1 25.00
T98 9233-9256 Sentence denotes Treatment room 4 0 0.00
T99 9257-9279 Sentence denotes Infusion room 4 0 0.00
T100 9280-9306 Sentence denotes Diagnosis room 1 4 1 25.00
T101 9307-9332 Sentence denotes Diagnosis room 2 4 0 0.00
T102 9333-9367 Sentence denotes Throat swab sampling room 8 0 0.00
T103 9368-9389 Sentence denotes Public area 2 1 50.00
T104 9390-9415 Sentence denotes Living quarters 55 2 3.64
T105 9416-9437 Sentence denotes Office area 22 2 9.09
T106 9438-9457 Sentence denotes Rest room 33 0 0.00
T107 9458-9476 Sentence denotes Total 200 38 19.00
T108 9477-9596 Sentence denotes The positive rates of samples from environmental surfaces of specific sites in medical areas are presented in Table 3 .
T109 9597-9792 Sentence denotes In medical areas, the PCR-positive samples were obtained from the surface of keyboards, computer mice, beepers, bedside tables, bedrails, and medical equipment including ventilators and monitors.
T110 9793-9895 Sentence denotes In living quarters, the PCR-positive samples were obtained from the surface of telephones and desktop.
T111 9896-10110 Sentence denotes Samples taken from the surface of beepers (50.00%), water machine buttons (50.00%), elevator buttons (42.86%), computer mouses (40.00%), telephones (40.00%), and keyboards (33.33%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
T112 10111-10205 Sentence denotes Table 3 Positive rate of samples from environmental surface of specific sites in medical areas
T113 10206-10268 Sentence denotes Sampling site No. of tests No. of positivity Positive rate (%)
T114 10269-10286 Sentence denotes Beepers 6 3 50.00
T115 10287-10318 Sentence denotes Water machine buttons 8 4 50.00
T116 10319-10345 Sentence denotes Elevator buttons 7 3 42.86
T117 10346-10372 Sentence denotes Computer mouses 10 4 40.00
T118 10373-10394 Sentence denotes Telephones 10 4 40.00
T119 10395-10415 Sentence denotes Keyboards 15 5 33.33
T120 10416-10444 Sentence denotes Medical equipment 13 4 30.77
T121 10445-10476 Sentence denotes Oxygen cylinder valve 8 2 25.00
T122 10477-10496 Sentence denotes Desktops 18 3 16.67
T123 10497-10515 Sentence denotes Bedrails 7 1 14.29
T124 10516-10540 Sentence denotes Bedside tables 7 1 14.29
T125 10541-10557 Sentence denotes Gloves 7 1 14.29
T126 10558-10580 Sentence denotes Door handles 15 0 0.00
T127 10581-10597 Sentence denotes Others 14 1 7.14
T128 10598-10616 Sentence denotes Total 145 36 24.83
T129 10618-10628 Sentence denotes Discussion
T130 10629-10722 Sentence denotes Aerosol transmission of the virus could lead to the spread of an epidemic infectious disease.
T131 10723-10979 Sentence denotes However, previous studies suggested that SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted within family and hospital-associated populations,3 , 11 , 12 indicating that this virus spreads mainly through close contact and infected respiratory droplets rather than through aerosols.
T132 10980-11157 Sentence denotes In our study, the RNA of SARS-CoV-2 was not detected in any of the 44 air samples, indicating that the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission by aerosols is yet to be confirmed.
T133 11158-11429 Sentence denotes An air sampler that could force larger volumes of air should be required to detect low concentrations of the virus in the clinical environment in further studies.13 Conversely, in the designated hospitals for COVID-19, strict measures for air purification had been taken.
T134 11430-11500 Sentence denotes The most important measure was to open windows to promote ventilation.
T135 11501-11914 Sentence denotes If mobility could increase air exchange and reduce the virus concentration, then the probability of infection is greatly reduced.14 , 15 Previous studies have shown that ultraviolet light could kill the coronavirus effectively.16 For rooms with poor ventilation in the designated hospital, an ultraviolet air disinfection machine with 24 hours ultraviolet disinfection filtration was devoted to sterilize the air.
T136 11915-11995 Sentence denotes The positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 detection in the 200 surface samples was 19.00%.
T137 11996-12165 Sentence denotes The positive rate in medical areas was higher than that in the living quarters, demonstrating the efficacy of the nosocomial infection prevention and control strategies.
T138 12166-12320 Sentence denotes The wards were divided into different areas according to the risk level of infection, separating patients and healthcare workers using a physical barrier.
T139 12321-12404 Sentence denotes Targeted measures for nosocomial infection prevention and control were carried out.
T140 12405-12577 Sentence denotes Individuals in the designated hospital were required to adhere to the regulations imposed in different areas, and crossing of those different areas was strictly prohibited.
T141 12578-12747 Sentence denotes The results showed that application of physical barriers combined with behavioral management can effectively prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the designated hospital.
T142 12748-12907 Sentence denotes Two positive samples taken from the living quarters indicated the importance of more careful and thorough environmental cleaning and disinfection in this area.
T143 12908-13100 Sentence denotes The positive rates in areas such as general isolation ward 1, general isolation ward 3, general isolation ward 6, ICU, emergency room, and fever clinic in public area were, on average, higher.
T144 13101-13229 Sentence denotes In our study, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected from the environmental surfaces frequently touched by patients and healthcare workers.
T145 13230-13375 Sentence denotes The top 5 sites with a positive infection rate were beepers, water machine buttons, elevator buttons, computer mouses, telephones, and keyboards.
T146 13376-13564 Sentence denotes Special emphasis should be placed on the cleaning and disinfection of the crucial parts of key departments, and intensive disinfection should be instituted and done by professional nurses.
T147 13565-13749 Sentence denotes Water machine buttons and elevator buttons that are frequently used by healthcare workers or patients are some of the neglected sites in the hospital, often not cleaned or disinfected.
T148 13750-13813 Sentence denotes These sites can potentially become contaminated with the virus.
T149 13814-14249 Sentence denotes Use of keyboard protection films was recommended for easier cleaning and disinfection.17 The positive rate in medical equipment surfaces such as ventilators, monitors, and X-ray devices was 30.77%, suggesting that the equipment surface can be contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 through infected respiratory secretions of infected patients; these contaminated surfaces caused the spread of the virus to healthcare workers during patient care.
T150 14250-14337 Sentence denotes Fixed use of equipment for each patient was recommended to prevent cross contamination.
T151 14338-14415 Sentence denotes Furthermore, all reusable medical equipment should be disinfected thoroughly.
T152 14416-14464 Sentence denotes One of 7 gloves was positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
T153 14465-14781 Sentence denotes This suggests that healthcare workers can come into contact with the contaminated surfaces mentioned above, and when hand hygiene or glove removal precautions fail, the virus and other microorganisms would spread to other surfaces and/or patients and/or healthcare workers, leading to hospital-associated infections.
T154 14782-14936 Sentence denotes Hand hygiene is one of the most important measures to prevent the transmission of viruses like SARS-CoV-2 and has been recommended in numerous guidelines.
T155 14937-15037 Sentence denotes Gloves are not a substitute for hand hygiene.18 , 19 Hand hygiene rules should be strictly observed.
T156 15038-15167 Sentence denotes Based on the results of our study, it can be concluded that the environment around patients with COVID-19 is widely contaminated.
T157 15168-15343 Sentence denotes To protect healthcare workers, more thorough infection prevention and control guidelines are needed, as well as delivering methods to prevent contact transmission of COVID-19.
T158 15344-15454 Sentence denotes Current guidelines suggest gloves, gowns, respirators, and eye protectors as PPE during COVID-19 patient care.
T159 15455-15858 Sentence denotes There is also need for more careful and comprehensive procedures for putting on and removing PPE.20 In addition, the basic environmental hygiene and disinfection measures should be put in place.21 The environmental cleaning and disinfection regimes during the COVID-19 epidemic were similar in all areas: surface cleaning and disinfection using chlorine-based disinfectants were conducted twice per day.
T160 15859-15959 Sentence denotes There were some limitations in the process of environmental disinfection in the designated hospital.
T161 15960-16065 Sentence denotes First, environmental surface disinfection was implemented by spraying a chlorine-containing disinfectant.
T162 16066-16217 Sentence denotes However, spraying cannot cover the surface evenly, such as the corners, and the effect of disinfection cannot be guaranteed without the wiping process.
T163 16218-16359 Sentence denotes Moreover, spraying disinfectants may lead to harms to patients and health care workers, thus spraying disinfection should not be recommended.
T164 16360-16478 Sentence denotes Second, the cleaning work in the designated hospital was mostly done by volunteer cleaners during this special period.
T165 16479-16548 Sentence denotes They received the necessary training without professional experience.
T166 16549-16666 Sentence denotes Third, all samples were collected under emergency conditions around 8:00 AM before routine cleaning and disinfection.
T167 16667-16756 Sentence denotes The result may indicate that the usual frequency of disinfection did not meet the demand.
T168 16757-16902 Sentence denotes The data obtained in our study provided evidence of environmental contamination by SARS-CoV-2 and demonstrated the effectiveness of disinfection.
T169 16903-17625 Sentence denotes Significant environmental contamination suggests that the environment is a potential medium of transmission.22 We proposed the following suggestions: (1) environmental surface disinfection should include wiping in an “S”-shaped motion and not repeating the area that has already been cleaned, according to regulations for hospital-associated infection control in the ward of healthcare facilities (WS/T510-2016); (2) the frequency of disinfection should be increased appropriately, at least 3 times per day: twice during the day and once at night (disinfection should be conducted at any time in case of obvious contamination); and (3) cleaners should be trained repeatedly to ensure that they are qualified for their job.
T170 17626-17853 Sentence denotes In conclusion, our study demonstrated that environmental surfaces in designated hospitals for patients with COVID-19 were widely contaminated by SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that the environment is a potential medium of transmission.
T171 17854-18087 Sentence denotes Strict environmental surface hygiene practices should be implemented to prevent healthcare workers from coming into contact with contaminated environmental surfaces, and hand hygiene should be promoted to prevent the spread of virus.
T172 18089-18111 Sentence denotes Conflicts of interest:
T173 18112-18127 Sentence denotes None to report.

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 4406-4411 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T2 4711-4716 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T3 7753-7758 Phenotype denotes Fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T4 9156-9161 Phenotype denotes Fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T5 13047-13052 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32407826-31986261-2066479 10849-10851 31986261 denotes 12
32407826-28363251-2066480 11320-11322 28363251 denotes 13
32407826-17661928-2066481 11630-11632 17661928 denotes 14
32407826-26818469-2066482 11728-11730 26818469 denotes 16
32407826-28078082-2066483 14982-14984 28078082 denotes 18
32407826-28768591-2066484 14987-14989 28768591 denotes 19
32407826-29889934-2066485 15649-15651 29889934 denotes 21
32407826-26597631-2066486 17011-17013 26597631 denotes 22