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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

LitCovid-PD-CLO

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":1641,"end":1649},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070265"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":1641,"end":1649},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019835"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":1641,"end":1649},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":1641,"end":1649},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001906"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":3864,"end":3873},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097194"},{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":3864,"end":3873},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":4521,"end":4525},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":5325,"end":5339},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019076"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":5694,"end":5698},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":5710,"end":5731},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003094"}],"text":"SARS-CoV\nPatients with SARS-CoV presented with ischemic stroke, likely due to the hypercoagulable state and vasculitis induced during the illness110 (Table 5 ). Case reports mentioned the detection of SARS-CoV in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of patients who subsequently developed seizures.111 , 112 Tsai et al studied 4 patients with SARS-CoV who developed neuropathy and myopathy. Since they did not find CSF evidence of viral invasion, they attributed these findings to critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy.113\nTable 5 Renal manifestations of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and COVID-19.\nSARS (only studies with large study population included)\nStudy Booth et al (2003)N = 144, confirmed casesRetrospective study Choi et al (2003)N = 267 (227 confirmed cases)Retrospective study Zou et al (2004)N = 165, confirmed casesRetrospective study Chan et al (2004)N = 669, (323 tested positive)Clinicopathologic study Huang et al (2004)N = 78, probableRetrospective study Ding et al (2004)N = 8 (4 confirmed cases, 4 control)Clinicopathologic study Chu et al (2005)N = 536, confirmed casesRetrospective study\nClinical features Renal dysfunction ARF (6%) during course of hospitalization Renal dysfunction N/A ARF (17%). 7.2 ± 4.3 days after admission N/A ARF (6.7%) within 5-48 days of onset (median 20)\nKey findings on investigations • ↑ Cr\n• ↑ Urea\n• ↓Ca++ (60%)\n• ↓K+ (26%)\n• ↓Mg++ (18%)\n• ↓P+ (27%)\n• ↑ LDH (87%) ↑ Cr ↑ Cr↑ Urea • Virus first detected in urine on day 7, stared to decline after day 16 ↑ Cr N/A Cr normal at presentation, then ↑\nHistopathology N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Virus detected in distal convoluted renal tubule Acute tubular necrosis, no evidence of glomerular pathology\nKey study findings and message ↑ Urea \u003e ↑ Cr associated with mortality (P = 0.003, P = 0.02) ↑ Cr associated with mortality (P \u003c 0.001, univariate) ↑ Cr, ↑ Urea associated with poor prognosis (P = 0.001, P = 0.003) Virus can persist \u003e30 days after symptom onset in urine • ARF more common in older age, males (P \u003c 0.05), diabetics (P \u003c 0.01), patients with heart failure (P \u003c 0.001)\n• Renal features may be due to pre-renal factors, hypotension, rhabdomyolysis, comorbidities including diabetes, age ACE2 expressed and virus detected in kidneys • ARF significant risk factor for mortality (P \u003c 0.001) (uni and multivariate)\n• ARF more likely in older age group, patients with ARDS, and requiring inotropes (P \u003c 0.001)\n• ↓albumin, ↑ ALT at presentation, ↑ peak CPK after admission associated with development of ARF (P \u003c 0.001, P = 0.004,P \u003c 0.001)\n• Renal features likely multiorgan failure related, no direct viral pathology\nMERS\nStudy Assiri et al (2013)N = 47, confirmed casesRetrospective study Arabi et al (2014)N = 12 (11 confirmed cases, 1probable)Case series Saad et al (2014)N = 70, confirmed casesRetrospective study Cha et al (2015)N = 30, confirmed casesRetrospective study Yeung et al (2016)Ex-vivo organ cultureNonhuman primate modelClinicopathologic Alsaad et al (2017)N = 1, confirmed casesClinicopathologic study\nClinical feature Coexisting chronic renal disease (49%) • Coexisting chronic renal disease (42%)\n• ARF requiring RRT (58%) ARF (42.9%) • Coexisting chronic renal disease (10%)\n• ARF (26.7%) N/A\nHistopathology N/A N/A N/A N/A Smad7 and FGF2 expression elevated in kidneys of infected animals • Tubular epithelial cell degenerative and regenerative changes\n• Mild glomerular ischemic changes\n• Viral particles detected in proximal tubular epithelial cells\nKey study findings and message Chronic renal disease was a common comorbidity Renal features may be due to:• Cytokine dysregulation\n• Direct viral invasion\n• Autoimmune Acute kidney injury is a common complication • AKI more likely in older patients (P = 0.016)\n• Preexisting CKD not associated with later development of AKI\n• AKI, RRT risk factors for mortality (univariate) MERS-CoV induced apoptosis via upregulation of Smad7 and FGF2 expression Tissue trophism in kidneys\nCOVID-19\nStudy Wang et al (2020)N = 138, confirmed casesRetrospective study Cheng et al (2020)N = 701, confirmed casesRetrospective study Wang et al (2020)N = 205, confirmed casesClinicopathologic Li et al (2020)N = 193, confirmed casesRetrospective study Zhou et al (2020)N = 191, confirmed casesRetrospective study\nClinical Features • Coexisting chronic renal disease (2.9%)\n• AKI (3.6%) • Coexisting chronic renal disease (2%)\n• AKI (3.2%) N/A • AKI (28%) • AKI (15%) (Av 15 days after symptom onset)\nKey findings on investigations ↑ Cr • ↑ Cr (14.4%)\n• ↑ Urea (13.1%)\n• eGFR\u003c60 (13.1%)\n• Proteinuria (43.9%)\n• Hematuria (26.7%) No viral detection in urine (72 samples) • ↑ Cr (10%)\n• ↑ Urea (14.%)\n• Proteinuria (59%)\n• Hematuria (44%) ↑ Cr\nKey study findings and message • ICU patients more likely to have ↑ Cr (P = 0.04), ↑ BUN (0.001)\n• Cr and urea increased with disease progression • ↑ Cr at admission more common in males, older patients, more severe disease (P \u003c 0.001, P \u003c 0.001, P = 0.026)\n• AKI, in hospital death, mechanical ventilation more common in patients with baseline ↑ Cr (P \u003c 0.001, P \u003c 0.001, P = 0.012)\n• Higher in hospital death rate with proteinuria, hematuria, baseline ↑ Cr, Urea, AKI Stage 2 or 3 (P \u003c 0.001; P = 0.003 for AKI stage 1)\n• Renal features may be due to direct viral effect, immune mediated, virus induced cytokines and mediators. No viral shedding in urine AKI associated with severe outcome (P \u003c 0.001) • ↑ Cr associated with in-hospital death\n(P = 0.045)\n• Higher incidence of AKI in nonsurvivors (P \u003c 0.001)\nACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; AKI, acute kidney injury; ARF, acute renal failure; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CPK, creatine phosphokinase; Cr, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MERS-CoV, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus; SARS-COV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; RRT, rapid response team.\nOcular manifestations have not been widely reported in patients with SARS-CoV infection. However, in 1 case report, tears from a female patient were analyzed by PCR and shown to be positive for SARS-CoV when other testing methods were negative. Still, risk of SARS-CoV transmission through tears remains low."}

LitCovid-PD-HP

LitCovid-sentences

LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB

LitCovid-PubTator

2_test

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32620220-16252612-2074190","span":{"begin":145,"end":148},"obj":"16252612"},{"id":"32620220-14633896-2074191","span":{"begin":293,"end":296},"obj":"14633896"},{"id":"32620220-15030709-2074192","span":{"begin":299,"end":302},"obj":"15030709"},{"id":"32620220-15534177-2074193","span":{"begin":521,"end":524},"obj":"15534177"}],"text":"SARS-CoV\nPatients with SARS-CoV presented with ischemic stroke, likely due to the hypercoagulable state and vasculitis induced during the illness110 (Table 5 ). Case reports mentioned the detection of SARS-CoV in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of patients who subsequently developed seizures.111 , 112 Tsai et al studied 4 patients with SARS-CoV who developed neuropathy and myopathy. Since they did not find CSF evidence of viral invasion, they attributed these findings to critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy.113\nTable 5 Renal manifestations of SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and COVID-19.\nSARS (only studies with large study population included)\nStudy Booth et al (2003)N = 144, confirmed casesRetrospective study Choi et al (2003)N = 267 (227 confirmed cases)Retrospective study Zou et al (2004)N = 165, confirmed casesRetrospective study Chan et al (2004)N = 669, (323 tested positive)Clinicopathologic study Huang et al (2004)N = 78, probableRetrospective study Ding et al (2004)N = 8 (4 confirmed cases, 4 control)Clinicopathologic study Chu et al (2005)N = 536, confirmed casesRetrospective study\nClinical features Renal dysfunction ARF (6%) during course of hospitalization Renal dysfunction N/A ARF (17%). 7.2 ± 4.3 days after admission N/A ARF (6.7%) within 5-48 days of onset (median 20)\nKey findings on investigations • ↑ Cr\n• ↑ Urea\n• ↓Ca++ (60%)\n• ↓K+ (26%)\n• ↓Mg++ (18%)\n• ↓P+ (27%)\n• ↑ LDH (87%) ↑ Cr ↑ Cr↑ Urea • Virus first detected in urine on day 7, stared to decline after day 16 ↑ Cr N/A Cr normal at presentation, then ↑\nHistopathology N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Virus detected in distal convoluted renal tubule Acute tubular necrosis, no evidence of glomerular pathology\nKey study findings and message ↑ Urea \u003e ↑ Cr associated with mortality (P = 0.003, P = 0.02) ↑ Cr associated with mortality (P \u003c 0.001, univariate) ↑ Cr, ↑ Urea associated with poor prognosis (P = 0.001, P = 0.003) Virus can persist \u003e30 days after symptom onset in urine • ARF more common in older age, males (P \u003c 0.05), diabetics (P \u003c 0.01), patients with heart failure (P \u003c 0.001)\n• Renal features may be due to pre-renal factors, hypotension, rhabdomyolysis, comorbidities including diabetes, age ACE2 expressed and virus detected in kidneys • ARF significant risk factor for mortality (P \u003c 0.001) (uni and multivariate)\n• ARF more likely in older age group, patients with ARDS, and requiring inotropes (P \u003c 0.001)\n• ↓albumin, ↑ ALT at presentation, ↑ peak CPK after admission associated with development of ARF (P \u003c 0.001, P = 0.004,P \u003c 0.001)\n• Renal features likely multiorgan failure related, no direct viral pathology\nMERS\nStudy Assiri et al (2013)N = 47, confirmed casesRetrospective study Arabi et al (2014)N = 12 (11 confirmed cases, 1probable)Case series Saad et al (2014)N = 70, confirmed casesRetrospective study Cha et al (2015)N = 30, confirmed casesRetrospective study Yeung et al (2016)Ex-vivo organ cultureNonhuman primate modelClinicopathologic Alsaad et al (2017)N = 1, confirmed casesClinicopathologic study\nClinical feature Coexisting chronic renal disease (49%) • Coexisting chronic renal disease (42%)\n• ARF requiring RRT (58%) ARF (42.9%) • Coexisting chronic renal disease (10%)\n• ARF (26.7%) N/A\nHistopathology N/A N/A N/A N/A Smad7 and FGF2 expression elevated in kidneys of infected animals • Tubular epithelial cell degenerative and regenerative changes\n• Mild glomerular ischemic changes\n• Viral particles detected in proximal tubular epithelial cells\nKey study findings and message Chronic renal disease was a common comorbidity Renal features may be due to:• Cytokine dysregulation\n• Direct viral invasion\n• Autoimmune Acute kidney injury is a common complication • AKI more likely in older patients (P = 0.016)\n• Preexisting CKD not associated with later development of AKI\n• AKI, RRT risk factors for mortality (univariate) MERS-CoV induced apoptosis via upregulation of Smad7 and FGF2 expression Tissue trophism in kidneys\nCOVID-19\nStudy Wang et al (2020)N = 138, confirmed casesRetrospective study Cheng et al (2020)N = 701, confirmed casesRetrospective study Wang et al (2020)N = 205, confirmed casesClinicopathologic Li et al (2020)N = 193, confirmed casesRetrospective study Zhou et al (2020)N = 191, confirmed casesRetrospective study\nClinical Features • Coexisting chronic renal disease (2.9%)\n• AKI (3.6%) • Coexisting chronic renal disease (2%)\n• AKI (3.2%) N/A • AKI (28%) • AKI (15%) (Av 15 days after symptom onset)\nKey findings on investigations ↑ Cr • ↑ Cr (14.4%)\n• ↑ Urea (13.1%)\n• eGFR\u003c60 (13.1%)\n• Proteinuria (43.9%)\n• Hematuria (26.7%) No viral detection in urine (72 samples) • ↑ Cr (10%)\n• ↑ Urea (14.%)\n• Proteinuria (59%)\n• Hematuria (44%) ↑ Cr\nKey study findings and message • ICU patients more likely to have ↑ Cr (P = 0.04), ↑ BUN (0.001)\n• Cr and urea increased with disease progression • ↑ Cr at admission more common in males, older patients, more severe disease (P \u003c 0.001, P \u003c 0.001, P = 0.026)\n• AKI, in hospital death, mechanical ventilation more common in patients with baseline ↑ Cr (P \u003c 0.001, P \u003c 0.001, P = 0.012)\n• Higher in hospital death rate with proteinuria, hematuria, baseline ↑ Cr, Urea, AKI Stage 2 or 3 (P \u003c 0.001; P = 0.003 for AKI stage 1)\n• Renal features may be due to direct viral effect, immune mediated, virus induced cytokines and mediators. No viral shedding in urine AKI associated with severe outcome (P \u003c 0.001) • ↑ Cr associated with in-hospital death\n(P = 0.045)\n• Higher incidence of AKI in nonsurvivors (P \u003c 0.001)\nACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; AKI, acute kidney injury; ARF, acute renal failure; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CPK, creatine phosphokinase; Cr, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MERS-CoV, middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus; SARS-COV, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus; RRT, rapid response team.\nOcular manifestations have not been widely reported in patients with SARS-CoV infection. However, in 1 case report, tears from a female patient were analyzed by PCR and shown to be positive for SARS-CoV when other testing methods were negative. Still, risk of SARS-CoV transmission through tears remains low."}

PMC:7212949 / 46676-52889 JSONTXT

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PMC:7212949 / 46676-52889 JSON TXT