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PMC:7200337 / 24452-27804 JSONTXT

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2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32505227-19587043-46575283 484-488 19587043 denotes 2009
32505227-27670241-46575284 964-968 27670241 denotes 2017
32505227-30778167-46575285 1179-1183 30778167 denotes 2019
32505227-15080302-46575286 1338-1342 15080302 denotes 2004
32505227-9486650-46575289 1780-1784 9486650 denotes 1998
32505227-9034158-46575290 1801-1805 9034158 denotes 1997
32505227-29302013-46575291 1907-1911 29302013 denotes 2018
32505227-26251193-46575293 2606-2610 26251193 denotes 2015
32505227-19559672-46575295 2940-2944 19559672 denotes 2009
32505227-30524877-46575296 3003-3007 30524877 denotes 2017
T69970 484-488 19587043 denotes 2009
T60836 964-968 27670241 denotes 2017
T91375 1179-1183 30778167 denotes 2019
T21517 1338-1342 15080302 denotes 2004
T58402 1780-1784 9486650 denotes 1998
T11232 1801-1805 9034158 denotes 1997
T15390 1907-1911 29302013 denotes 2018
T84673 2606-2610 26251193 denotes 2015
T83308 2940-2944 19559672 denotes 2009
T78837 3003-3007 30524877 denotes 2017

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T213 14-21 Body_part denotes NK Cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T214 17-21 Body_part denotes Cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T215 63-71 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T216 66-71 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T217 88-93 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T218 273-283 Body_part denotes chemokines http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma241981
T219 400-408 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T220 403-408 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T221 440-448 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T222 443-448 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T223 491-495 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T224 496-504 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T225 499-504 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T226 669-677 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T227 672-677 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T228 693-697 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T229 765-769 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T230 812-821 Body_part denotes leukocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62852
T231 831-834 Body_part denotes HLA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84795
T232 927-932 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T233 978-992 Body_part denotes immunoglobulin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T234 1030-1037 Body_part denotes NK cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T235 1033-1037 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T236 1098-1105 Body_part denotes NK cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T237 1101-1105 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T238 1201-1209 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T239 1204-1209 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T240 1259-1264 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T241 1436-1447 Body_part denotes compartment http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma76577
T242 1488-1496 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T243 1491-1496 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T244 1506-1511 Body_part denotes lungs http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68877
T245 1532-1539 Body_part denotes tissues http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T246 1617-1625 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T247 1620-1625 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T248 1636-1641 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T249 1703-1707 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T250 1750-1753 Body_part denotes HLA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84795
T251 1873-1876 Body_part denotes HIV http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683
T252 1992-2000 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T253 1995-2000 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T254 2105-2113 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T255 2108-2113 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T256 2192-2198 Body_part denotes plasma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970
T257 2286-2293 Body_part denotes NK cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T258 2289-2293 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T259 2506-2514 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T260 2509-2514 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T261 2646-2652 Body_part denotes plasma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970
T262 2752-2757 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T263 2787-2795 Body_part denotes monocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T264 2842-2850 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T265 2845-2850 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T266 2903-2910 Body_part denotes NK cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T267 2906-2910 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T268 3047-3054 Body_part denotes NK cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T269 3050-3054 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T270 3148-3157 Body_part denotes monocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T271 3171-3178 Body_part denotes NK cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T272 3174-3178 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T273 3226-3231 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T274 3302-3309 Body_part denotes NK cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T275 3305-3309 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T23 88-93 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T24 491-495 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T25 693-697 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T26 927-932 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T27 1259-1264 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T28 2752-2757 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T166 34-42 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T167 45-54 Disease denotes Infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T168 97-105 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T169 416-425 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T170 543-551 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T171 615-623 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T172 1275-1283 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T173 1290-1298 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T174 1301-1310 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T175 1543-1551 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T176 1647-1655 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T177 1879-1888 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T178 2006-2014 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T179 2162-2170 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T180 2656-2664 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T181 3064-3068 Disease denotes ADCC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008734
T182 3206-3214 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T183 3323-3331 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T240 14-21 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK Cell
T241 63-71 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T242 88-93 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T243 88-93 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T244 180-181 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T245 400-408 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T246 426-431 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T247 440-448 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T248 491-495 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T249 491-495 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T250 496-504 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T251 669-677 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T252 687-692 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T253 693-697 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T254 693-697 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T255 706-707 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T256 765-769 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T257 806-811 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T258 855-857 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052676 denotes Fc
T259 867-876 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 denotes signaling
T260 890-891 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T261 927-932 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T262 927-932 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T263 1030-1037 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cell
T264 1098-1105 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cell
T265 1201-1209 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T266 1259-1264 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T267 1259-1264 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T268 1488-1496 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T269 1506-1511 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lungs
T270 1617-1625 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T271 1630-1633 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053438 denotes CD8
T272 1634-1641 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cells
T273 1703-1707 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T274 1907-1911 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001185 denotes 2018
T275 1914-1919 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 denotes Genes
T276 1992-2000 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T277 2105-2113 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T278 2192-2198 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001969 denotes plasma
T279 2286-2293 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cell
T280 2399-2402 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T281 2475-2476 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T282 2506-2514 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T283 2646-2652 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001969 denotes plasma
T284 2752-2757 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T285 2752-2757 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T286 2787-2795 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocyte
T287 2842-2850 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T288 2903-2910 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cell
T289 3047-3054 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cell
T290 3069-3072 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T291 3148-3157 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytes
T292 3171-3178 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cell
T293 3226-3231 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T294 3271-3280 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 denotes signaling
T295 3302-3309 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cell

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T112 822-829 Chemical denotes antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59132
T113 1756-1764 Chemical denotes molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367
T114 2217-2219 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T116 2368-2370 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T118 2385-2387 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T120 2500-2505 Chemical denotes donor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17891
T121 2560-2571 Chemical denotes tocilizumab http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64360
T122 2573-2575 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T124 2701-2707 Chemical denotes ligand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52214
T125 2852-2855 Chemical denotes Guo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16750
T126 3039-3041 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T128 3258-3260 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T107 461-470 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097194 denotes apoptosis
T108 461-470 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006915 denotes apoptosis
T109 867-876 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 denotes signaling
T110 1033-1049 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048468 denotes cell development
T111 2466-2487 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071613 denotes granzyme B production
T112 2573-2578 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004915 denotes IL-6R
T113 2903-2926 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001779 denotes NK cell differentiation
T114 2906-2926 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030154 denotes cell differentiation
T115 3064-3068 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001788 denotes ADCC
T116 3174-3190 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 denotes cell recognition
T117 3271-3280 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 denotes signaling

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
771 34-54 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 Infection MESH:C000657245
794 156-162 Gene denotes CD107a Gene:3916
795 164-169 Gene denotes Ksp37 Gene:643236
796 171-181 Gene denotes granzyme B Gene:3002
797 187-197 Gene denotes granulysin Gene:10578
798 285-290 Gene denotes IFN-ɣ Gene:3458
799 296-301 Gene denotes TNF-α Gene:7124
800 555-559 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
801 720-723 Gene denotes KIR Gene:3805
802 106-114 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
803 416-431 Species denotes influenza virus Tax:11308
804 543-553 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
805 615-625 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
806 687-692 Species denotes human Tax:9606
807 1275-1285 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
808 1563-1571 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
809 806-811 Species denotes human Tax:9606
810 97-105 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
811 213-234 Disease denotes impaired cytotoxicity MESH:D064420
812 603-611 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
813 770-782 Disease denotes cytotoxicity MESH:D064420
814 1295-1310 Disease denotes CoV-1 infection MESH:D018352
815 1543-1562 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2-infected MESH:C000657245
852 1595-1600 Gene denotes NKG2A Gene:3821
853 1688-1693 Gene denotes NKG2A Gene:3821
854 1750-1755 Gene denotes HLA-E Gene:3133
855 1954-1958 Gene denotes LAG3 Gene:3902
856 1963-1967 Gene denotes TIM3 Gene:84868
857 2217-2221 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
858 2368-2372 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
859 2466-2476 Gene denotes granzyme B Gene:3002
860 2573-2578 Gene denotes IL-6R Gene:3570
861 2613-2618 Gene denotes TNF-α Gene:7124
862 2805-2810 Gene denotes TNF-α Gene:7124
863 2871-2876 Gene denotes TNF-α Gene:7124
864 2980-2985 Gene denotes NKp46 Gene:9437
865 3030-3035 Gene denotes TNF-α Gene:7124
866 3039-3043 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
867 3258-3262 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
868 3267-3270 Gene denotes TNF Gene:7124
869 2900-2902 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
870 2886-2888 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
871 2822-2824 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
872 2131-2133 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
873 1630-1633 Gene denotes CD8 Gene:925
874 1656-1664 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
875 2015-2023 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
876 2171-2179 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
877 2665-2673 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
878 3332-3340 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
879 2560-2571 Chemical denotes tocilizumab MESH:C502936
880 1647-1655 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
881 1708-1720 Disease denotes cytotoxicity MESH:D064420
882 1873-1888 Disease denotes HIV-1 infection MESH:D015658
883 2006-2014 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
884 2162-2170 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
885 2656-2664 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
886 3206-3225 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2-infected MESH:C000657245
887 3323-3331 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T137 0-54 Sentence denotes Impairment of NK Cell Function in SARS-CoV-2 Infection
T138 55-343 Sentence denotes Ex vivo NK cells from peripheral blood of COVID-19 patients have reduced intracellular expression of CD107a, Ksp37, granzyme B, and granulysin, suggesting an impaired cytotoxicity, as well as an impaired production of chemokines, IFN-ɣ, and TNF-α (Wilk et al., 2020, Zheng et al., 2020b).
T139 344-409 Sentence denotes Several pathways may contribute to the dysregulation of NK cells.
T140 410-652 Sentence denotes While influenza virus infects NK cells and induces apoptosis (Mao et al., 2009), lung NK cells do not express the entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, and are therefore unlikely to be directly infected by SARS-CoV-2 (Travaglini et al., 2020).
T141 653-970 Sentence denotes The majority of NK cells found in human lung display a mature CD16+KIR+CD56dim phenotype and are able to induce cell cytotoxicity in response to loss of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I or through Fc receptor signaling, although to a lower extent than their peripheral blood counterpart (Marquardt et al., 2017).
T142 971-1185 Sentence denotes Killer-immunoglobulin receptors (KIRs) are acquired during NK cell development alongside CD16 (FcRγIIIA) and are essential for NK cell licensing and subsequent capacity for cytolytic function (Sivori et al., 2019).
T143 1186-1364 Sentence denotes Frequencies of NK cells expressing CD16 and/or KIRs are decreased in the blood following SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 infection, respectively (Xia et al., 2004, Wang et al., 2020d).
T144 1365-1572 Sentence denotes Collectively, the data suggest either an impaired maturation of the NK compartment or migration of the mature, circulating NK cells into the lungs or other peripheral tissues of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients.
T145 1573-1687 Sentence denotes The immune checkpoint NKG2A is increased on NK cells and CD8 T cells from COVID-19 patients (Zheng et al., 2020b).
T146 1688-1913 Sentence denotes NKG2A inhibits cell cytotoxicity by binding the non-classical HLA-E molecule (Braud et al., 1998, Brooks et al., 1997), and this interaction is strongly correlated with poor control of HIV-1 infection (Ramsuran et al., 2018).
T147 1914-2066 Sentence denotes Genes encoding the inhibitory receptors LAG3 and TIM3 are also upregulated in NK cells from COVID-19 patients (Wilk et al., 2020, Hadjadj et al., 2020).
T148 2067-2147 Sentence denotes Thus, increased immune checkpoints on NK cells might contribute to viral escape.
T149 2148-2343 Sentence denotes Additionally, COVID-19 patients have higher plasma concentrations of IL-6 (Huang et al., 2020b), which significantly correlate with lower NK cell numbers (Wang et al., 2020d, Wang et al., 2020f).
T150 2344-2612 Sentence denotes In vitro stimulation by IL-6 and soluble IL-6 receptor has previously revealed impaired cytolytic functions (perforin and granzyme B production) by healthy donor NK cells, which can be restored following addition of tocilizumab (IL-6R blockade) (Cifaldi et al., 2015).
T151 2613-2870 Sentence denotes TNF-α is also upregulated in the plasma of COVID-19 patients (Huang et al., 2020b), and ligand-receptor interaction analysis of peripheral blood scRNA-seq data suggests that monocyte-secreted TNF-α might bind to its receptors on NK cells (Guo et al., 2020).
T152 2871-3094 Sentence denotes TNF-α is known to contribute to NK cell differentiation (Lee et al., 2009), which includes downregulation of NKp46 (Ivagnès et al., 2017), though no effect of TNF-α or IL-6 on NK cell-mediated ADCC has been reported so far.
T153 3095-3352 Sentence denotes Collectively, these data suggest that crosstalk with monocytes might impair NK cell recognition and killing of SARS-CoV-2-infected cells, and antibodies targeting IL-6 and TNF-signaling may benefit enhanced NK cell functions in COVID-19 patients (Figure 2).