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PMC:7200337 / 13173-21314 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32505227-23549447-46575252 277-281 23549447 denotes 2013
32505227-32192578-46575253 523-527 32192578 denotes 2020
32505227-19851468-46575254 2676-2680 19851468 denotes 2009
32505227-23015710-46575255 2828-2832 23015710 denotes 2012
32505227-26867177-46575256 3140-3144 26867177 denotes 2016
32505227-16985170-46575257 3352-3356 16985170 denotes 2007
32505227-22345460-46575259 4050-4054 22345460 denotes 2012
32505227-31662487-46575260 5831-5835 31662487 denotes 2019
32505227-16322745-46575261 5941-5945 16322745 denotes 2005
32505227-24065148-46575262 5960-5964 24065148 denotes 2014
32505227-32192578-46575263 6408-6412 32192578 denotes 2020
32505227-32289152-46575264 6816-6820 32289152 denotes 2020
32505227-27381687-46575265 6837-6841 27381687 denotes 2016
32505227-30761102-46575266 7050-7054 30761102 denotes 2019
32505227-31231549-46575267 7068-7072 31231549 denotes 2019
32505227-30050058-46575268 7281-7285 30050058 denotes 2019
32505227-28553293-46575269 7624-7628 28553293 denotes 2017
32505227-31140942-46575270 7652-7656 31140942 denotes 2019
32505227-32302401-46575271 7807-7811 32302401 denotes 2020
T24846 277-281 23549447 denotes 2013
T89425 523-527 32192578 denotes 2020
T96613 2676-2680 19851468 denotes 2009
T13230 2828-2832 23015710 denotes 2012
T82690 3140-3144 26867177 denotes 2016
T43572 3352-3356 16985170 denotes 2007
T36838 4050-4054 22345460 denotes 2012
T48811 5831-5835 31662487 denotes 2019
T21223 5941-5945 16322745 denotes 2005
T70263 5960-5964 24065148 denotes 2014
T29085 6408-6412 32192578 denotes 2020
T27289 6816-6820 32289152 denotes 2020
T78268 6837-6841 27381687 denotes 2016
T82756 7050-7054 30761102 denotes 2019
T28569 7068-7072 31231549 denotes 2019
T79483 7281-7285 30050058 denotes 2019
T5101 7624-7628 28553293 denotes 2017
T79329 7652-7656 31140942 denotes 2019
T2404 7807-7811 32302401 denotes 2020

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T16244 0-13 Body_part denotes Myeloid Cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70339
T93727 8-13 Body_part denotes Cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T94725 94-107 Body_part denotes myeloid cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70339
T23806 102-107 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T8222 163-178 Body_part denotes dendritic cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma273565
T63225 173-178 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T6508 187-195 Body_part denotes monocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T17150 246-257 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T68174 294-298 Body_part denotes body http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135
T61380 460-468 Body_part denotes cytokine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050
T93377 596-630 Body_part denotes peripheral blood mononuclear cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86713
T49574 625-630 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T53773 709-720 Body_part denotes granulocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62854
T29850 721-731 Body_part denotes macrophage http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T58554 762-765 Body_part denotes CSF http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma20935
T62019 795-800 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T46660 810-813 Body_part denotes HLA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84795
T69621 832-841 Body_part denotes monocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T58770 948-952 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T63962 1004-1008 Body_part denotes IL-1 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86583
T51981 1011-1020 Body_part denotes monocytic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T80984 1098-1105 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T53661 1180-1184 Body_part denotes IL-1 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86583
T33309 1254-1259 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T65535 1310-1314 Body_part denotes IL-1 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86583
T65 1495-1502 Body_part denotes tissues http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T66 1593-1601 Body_part denotes monocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T67 1610-1621 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T68 1640-1646 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T69 1667-1687 Body_part denotes alveolar macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83023
T70 1786-1794 Body_part denotes monocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T71 1854-1862 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T72 1958-1979 Body_part denotes mononuclear phagocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma273563
T73 1981-1984 Body_part denotes MNP http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma273563
T74 2091-2096 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T75 2116-2121 Body_part denotes ileum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7208
T76 2126-2133 Body_part denotes kidneys http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7203
T77 2175-2188 Body_part denotes myeloid cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70339
T78 2183-2188 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T79 2192-2198 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T80 2403-2415 Body_part denotes myeloid cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70339
T81 2411-2415 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T82 2646-2650 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T83 2721-2732 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T84 2954-2963 Body_part denotes monocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T85 2964-2975 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T86 2984-2988 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T87 2989-2997 Body_part denotes cytokine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050
T88 3002-3011 Body_part denotes chemokine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma241981
T89 3070-3074 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T90 3499-3507 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T91 3553-3564 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T92 3569-3578 Body_part denotes monocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T93 3599-3610 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T94 3618-3626 Body_part denotes alveolar http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma264783
T95 3824-3840 Body_part denotes immunoglobulin G http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62872
T96 3842-3845 Body_part denotes IgG http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62872
T97 3878-3882 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T98 3915-3935 Body_part denotes alveolar macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma83023
T99 4009-4017 Body_part denotes monocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T100 4108-4116 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T101 4231-4243 Body_part denotes Myeloid Cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70339
T102 4239-4243 Body_part denotes Cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T103 4267-4274 Body_part denotes NK Cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T104 4270-4274 Body_part denotes Cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T105 4384-4388 Body_part denotes IL-1 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma86583
T106 4429-4438 Body_part denotes epithelia http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9639
T107 4496-4507 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T108 4538-4547 Body_part denotes monocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T109 4560-4572 Body_part denotes granulocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62854
T110 4577-4588 Body_part denotes lymphocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62863
T111 4644-4653 Body_part denotes monocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T112 4713-4721 Body_part denotes monocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T113 4730-4741 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T114 4888-4900 Body_part denotes neutrophilic http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62860
T115 4967-4980 Body_part denotes myeloid cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70339
T116 4975-4980 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T117 5058-5066 Body_part denotes Monocyte http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T118 5101-5109 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T119 5104-5109 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T120 5115-5120 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T121 5184-5192 Body_part denotes NK cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63147
T122 5187-5192 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T123 5249-5254 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T124 5272-5281 Body_part denotes monocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T125 5419-5428 Body_part denotes monocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62864
T126 5436-5447 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T127 5457-5468 Body_part denotes eosinophils http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62861
T128 5478-5489 Body_part denotes neutrophils http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62860
T129 5500-5510 Body_part denotes neutrophil http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62860
T130 5530-5534 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T131 5595-5608 Body_part denotes Myeloid Cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70339
T132 5603-5608 Body_part denotes Cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T133 5731-5736 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T134 5792-5800 Body_part denotes cytokine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050
T135 5844-5855 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T136 6086-6093 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T137 6110-6121 Body_part denotes lymph nodes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma5034
T138 6110-6115 Body_part denotes lymph http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9671
T139 6126-6132 Body_part denotes spleen http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7196
T140 6151-6162 Body_part denotes macrophages http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T141 6279-6287 Body_part denotes cytokine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050
T142 6475-6479 Body_part denotes IL-2 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84051
T143 6501-6504 Body_part denotes CSF http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma20935
T144 6718-6722 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T145 6765-6770 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T146 7014-7024 Body_part denotes macrophage http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T147 7168-7172 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T148 7525-7529 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T149 7553-7565 Body_part denotes granulocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62854
T150 7703-7713 Body_part denotes neutrophil http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62860
T151 7726-7736 Body_part denotes macrophage http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63261
T152 8032-8045 Body_part denotes myeloid cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70339
T153 8040-8045 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T2 607-612 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T3 1254-1259 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T4 1640-1646 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T5 2091-2096 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T6 2116-2121 Body_part denotes ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002116
T7 2192-2198 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T8 2984-2988 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T9 3878-3882 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T10 4429-4438 Body_part denotes epithelia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483
T11 5115-5120 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T12 6110-6121 Body_part denotes lymph nodes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029
T13 6110-6115 Body_part denotes lymph http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002391
T14 6126-6132 Body_part denotes spleen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002106
T15 7168-7172 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T16 7525-7529 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T85 42-52 Disease denotes infectious http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T86 379-387 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T87 416-451 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T88 422-451 Disease denotes respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009971
T89 453-457 Disease denotes ARDS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T90 487-490 Disease denotes CRS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007399|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017361
T92 496-507 Disease denotes lymphopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003783
T93 559-567 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T94 656-664 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T95 1263-1271 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T96 1527-1535 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T97 1883-1887 Disease denotes ARDS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T98 2037-2045 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T99 2234-2242 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T100 2284-2292 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T101 2345-2353 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T102 2431-2439 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T103 2505-2513 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T104 2540-2548 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T105 2551-2560 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T106 2600-2602 Disease denotes AM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0020320
T107 2753-2769 Disease denotes hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000605|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005271
T109 2789-2793 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T110 2871-2879 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T111 3198-3206 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T112 3383-3391 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T113 3521-3530 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T114 3771-3779 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T115 3872-3889 Disease denotes acute lung injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015796
T117 3883-3889 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T118 4199-4207 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T119 4210-4219 Disease denotes Infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T120 4315-4323 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T121 4836-4839 Disease denotes CRS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007399|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017361
T123 4942-4950 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T124 5235-5239 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T125 5548-5592 Disease denotes secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015542
T126 5558-5592 Disease denotes hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015540
T127 5636-5648 Disease denotes Inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166
T128 5897-5905 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T129 5908-5917 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T130 6013-6021 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T131 6062-6070 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T132 6166-6174 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T133 6323-6331 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T134 6517-6561 Disease denotes secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015542
T135 6527-6561 Disease denotes hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015540
T136 6578-6594 Disease denotes viral infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005108
T137 6776-6779 Disease denotes CRS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007399|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0017361
T139 6894-6902 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T140 6905-6914 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T141 7159-7167 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T142 7374-7382 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T143 7569-7577 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T144 7950-7958 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T145 7961-7970 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T146 8049-8057 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T99213 8-13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes Cells
T18347 102-107 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T77462 150-178 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 denotes conventional dendritic cells
T96405 180-184 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000990 denotes cDCs
T71812 187-195 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocyte
T96137 284-285 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T9046 596-630 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000842 denotes peripheral blood mononuclear cells
T36496 596-630 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000001 denotes peripheral blood mononuclear cells
T53109 685-686 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T80797 778-787 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activated
T22406 788-791 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001004 denotes CD4
T68231 793-800 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cells
T30982 832-841 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytes
T77719 948-952 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T84486 1011-1020 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytic
T622 1088-1097 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activated
T4606 1254-1259 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T52480 1254-1259 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T71894 1348-1351 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002742 denotes Del
T47578 1593-1601 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocyte
T10141 1772-1781 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 denotes signaling
T70571 1786-1794 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocyte
T7887 1919-1924 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T231 1925-1928 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T29743 1958-1979 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000113 denotes mononuclear phagocyte
T20551 2091-2096 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes organ
T37126 2116-2121 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002116 denotes ileum
T95433 2126-2133 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002113 denotes kidneys
T50434 2126-2133 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000927 denotes kidneys
T760 2126-2133 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000929 denotes kidneys
T65167 2183-2188 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T82044 2411-2415 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T94640 2564-2569 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouse
T89368 2644-2650 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cell
T84481 2651-2661 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activation
T74943 2746-2752 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001005 denotes airway
T54060 2927-2936 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 denotes signaling
T5697 2954-2963 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytes
T18605 2984-2988 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T63442 2984-2988 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T57672 3068-3074 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cell
T38000 3448-3457 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humanized
T70288 3569-3578 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytes
T68687 3723-3728 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T44500 3729-3736 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9443 denotes primate
T8952 3803-3808 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T25639 3878-3882 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T77587 3878-3882 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T2661 4009-4017 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocyte
T26384 4031-4035 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053704 denotes IL-8
T13152 4239-4243 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes Cell
T45733 4244-4254 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes Activation
T38010 4267-4274 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK Cell
T11301 4538-4547 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytes
T3621 4630-4631 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes ɑ
T320 4644-4653 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytes
T78868 4713-4721 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocyte
T1737 4975-4980 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T84467 5058-5066 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes Monocyte
T47301 5084-5086 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T48426 5101-5109 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T52652 5115-5120 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T31933 5115-5120 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T14324 5184-5192 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000623 denotes NK cells
T89373 5249-5254 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T45576 5272-5281 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytes
T99791 5419-5428 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 denotes monocytes
T48410 5530-5534 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T98127 5603-5608 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes Cells
T99778 5695-5701 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 denotes signal
T22254 5731-5736 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T7770 5737-5740 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T157 5741-5742 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T158 5778-5787 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 denotes signaling
T159 6110-6121 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000029 denotes lymph nodes
T160 6126-6132 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002106 denotes spleen
T161 6475-6479 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001379 denotes IL-2
T162 6669-6679 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activation
T163 6718-6722 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T164 6765-6770 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T165 6999-7009 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activation
T166 7168-7172 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T167 7168-7172 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T168 7344-7353 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 denotes signaling
T169 7525-7529 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048 denotes lung
T170 7525-7529 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T171 7606-7610 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053428 denotes Camp
T172 8040-8045 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T59 759-761 Chemical denotes GM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74120
T60 1004-1006 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T62 1032-1035 Chemical denotes Guo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16750
T63 1069-1079 Chemical denotes interferon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52999
T64 1080-1087 Chemical denotes mitogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52290
T65 1098-1105 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T66 1180-1182 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T68 1310-1312 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T70 1981-1984 Chemical denotes MNP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139554
T71 3051-3058 Chemical denotes antigen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59132
T72 4031-4033 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T74 4378-4380 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T76 4384-4386 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T78 4617-4619 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T80 5075-5080 Chemical denotes CXCL9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138154
T81 5156-5165 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T82 5365-5377 Chemical denotes nitric oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16480
T83 5372-5377 Chemical denotes oxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25741|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29356
T85 6086-6093 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T86 6194-6196 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T88 6288-6290 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T90 6425-6427 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T92 6475-6477 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T94 6481-6483 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T96 6498-6500 Chemical denotes GM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74120
T97 6596-6600 Chemical denotes MNPs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_139554
T98 6607-6609 Chemical denotes IL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63895|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74072
T100 6749-6757 Chemical denotes effector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35224
T101 8121-8130 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T10 422-442 Phenotype denotes respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T11 460-485 Phenotype denotes cytokine release syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033041
T12 496-507 Phenotype denotes lymphopenia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001888
T13 2753-2769 Phenotype denotes hypersensitivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0041092
T14 3521-3530 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T15 3872-3889 Phenotype denotes acute lung injury http://www.orpha.net/ORDO/Orphanet_178320

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T67 14-38 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002385 denotes Mucosal immune responses
T68 1114-1118 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004707 denotes MAPK
T69 1127-1152 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002250 denotes adaptive immune responses
T70 1772-1781 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 denotes signaling
T71 2514-2526 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis
T72 2644-2661 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042110 denotes T cell activation
T73 2646-2661 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 denotes cell activation
T74 2753-2769 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002524 denotes hypersensitivity
T75 2927-2936 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 denotes signaling
T76 3220-3232 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis
T77 4239-4254 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001775 denotes Cell Activation
T78 4855-4876 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes inflammatory response
T79 5530-5540 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 denotes cell death
T80 5636-5648 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954 denotes Inflammation
T81 5778-5787 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 denotes signaling
T82 5792-5810 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001816 denotes cytokine secretion
T83 5801-5810 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 denotes secretion
T84 6578-6594 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032 denotes viral infections
T85 7025-7035 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070269 denotes pyroptosis
T86 7250-7261 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097528 denotes necroptosis
T87 7250-7261 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070266 denotes necroptosis
T88 7344-7353 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 denotes signaling
T89 7592-7604 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis
T90 8058-8070 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis
T91 8121-8140 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051607 denotes antiviral responses

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
443 318-320 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
444 39-41 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
445 321-341 Disease denotes dysregulated myeloid MESH:D021081
446 379-406 Disease denotes COVID-19 hallmark syndromes MESH:C000657245
447 416-451 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome MESH:D012128
448 453-457 Disease denotes ARDS MESH:D012128
449 496-507 Disease denotes lymphopenia MESH:D008231
451 559-567 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
469 709-757 Gene denotes granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Gene:1437
470 759-765 Gene denotes GM-CSF Gene:1437
471 788-791 Gene denotes CD4 Gene:920
472 1004-1009 Gene denotes IL-1β Gene:3552
473 1180-1185 Gene denotes IL-1β Gene:3552
474 1310-1315 Gene denotes IL-1β Gene:3552
475 1582-1591 Gene denotes Ficolin-1 Gene:2219
476 665-673 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
477 1272-1280 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
478 1506-1514 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
479 656-664 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
480 1263-1271 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
481 1527-1535 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
482 1883-1887 Disease denotes ARDS MESH:D012128
483 1937-1953 Disease denotes pulmonary damage MESH:D008171
484 2037-2045 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
485 2234-2242 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
489 2284-2292 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
490 2296-2304 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
491 2310-2316 Species denotes Murine Tax:10090
493 4199-4219 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 Infection MESH:C000657245
496 4363-4376 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
497 4315-4323 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
508 4378-4382 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
509 4384-4389 Gene denotes IL-1β Gene:3552
510 4617-4621 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
511 4626-4631 Gene denotes TNF-ɑ Gene:7124
512 5075-5086 Gene denotes CXCL9/10/11 Gene:4283
513 4410-4418 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
514 4754-4767 Disease denotes dysfunctional MESH:D009461
515 4888-4928 Disease denotes neutrophilic NETosis and microthrombosis MESH:C564275
516 4942-4950 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
517 5235-5248 Disease denotes SARS-infected MESH:D045169
526 5331-5335 Gene denotes Arg1 Gene:383
527 5337-5347 Gene denotes arginase 1 Gene:383
528 5349-5353 Gene denotes iNOS Gene:4843
529 5430-5434 Gene denotes Macs Gene:4082
530 5314-5316 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
531 5491-5498 Disease denotes NETosis
532 5535-5540 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
533 5548-5592 Disease denotes secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis MESH:D051359
568 2702-2707 Gene denotes FIZZ1 Gene:84666
569 3458-3463 Gene denotes hACE2 Gene:59272
570 4022-4026 Gene denotes CCL2 Gene:6347
571 4031-4035 Gene denotes IL-8 Gene:3576
572 4173-4175 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
573 4138-4140 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
574 4095-4097 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
575 3894-3896 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
576 3281-3283 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
577 2488-2490 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
578 2373-2375 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
579 2354-2362 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
580 2431-2439 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
581 2446-2454 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
582 2564-2569 Species denotes mouse Tax:10090
583 2864-2870 Species denotes murine Tax:10090
584 2871-2879 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
585 3198-3208 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
586 3299-3305 Species denotes murine Tax:10090
587 3306-3309 Species denotes CoV Tax:11118
588 3383-3393 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
589 3464-3468 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
590 3674-3681 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
591 3723-3728 Species denotes human Tax:9606
592 3755-3762 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
593 3771-3779 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
594 2345-2353 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
595 2403-2427 Disease denotes myeloid cell dysfunction MESH:D023981
596 2505-2513 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
597 2540-2560 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-1 infection MESH:C000657245
598 2753-2769 Disease denotes hypersensitivity MESH:D004342
599 2805-2813 Disease denotes fibrosis MESH:D005355
600 3521-3530 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
601 3878-3889 Disease denotes lung injury MESH:D055370
604 5622-5624 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
605 5636-5648 Disease denotes Inflammation MESH:D007249
634 6053-6057 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
635 6144-6149 Gene denotes CD169 Gene:6614
636 6194-6198 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
637 6288-6292 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
638 6425-6429 Gene denotes IL-6 Gene:3569
639 6475-6479 Gene denotes IL-2 Gene:3558
640 6481-6485 Gene denotes IL-7 Gene:3574
641 6487-6492 Gene denotes IFN-ɣ Gene:3458
642 6498-6504 Gene denotes GM-CSF Gene:1437
643 6970-6975 Gene denotes NLRP3 Gene:114548
644 7232-7239 Gene denotes RIPK1/3 Gene:8737
645 6358-6360 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
646 5881-5883 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
647 5884-5892 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
648 6013-6023 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
649 6062-6072 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
650 6175-6183 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
651 6332-6339 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
652 5897-5917 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-1 infection MESH:C000657245
653 6001-6009 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
654 6166-6174 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
655 6323-6331 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
656 6527-6561 Disease denotes hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis MESH:D051359
657 6578-6594 Disease denotes viral infections MESH:D001102
658 6894-6914 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-1 infection MESH:C000657245
659 7014-7035 Disease denotes macrophage pyroptosis MESH:D055501
660 7159-7167 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
661 7374-7382 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
666 7671-7673 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
667 7481-7483 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
668 7569-7579 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
669 7714-7721 Disease denotes NETosis
674 7994-7996 Gene denotes to Gene:6999
675 7941-7945 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
676 7950-7970 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
677 8049-8057 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T77 0-13 Sentence denotes Myeloid Cells
T78 14-283 Sentence denotes Mucosal immune responses to infectious agents are orchestrated and regulated by myeloid cells with specialized functions, which include conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs), plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), and macrophages (Guilliams et al., 2013).
T79 284-529 Sentence denotes A growing body of evidence points to dysregulated myeloid responses that potentially drive the COVID-19 hallmark syndromes, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and lymphopenia (Mehta et al., 2020).
T80 531-567 Sentence denotes Myeloid Characterization in COVID-19
T81 568-927 Sentence denotes Flow cytometric analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from symptomatic COVID-19 patients have shown a significant influx of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing, activated CD4+ T cells and CD14+HLA-DRlo inflammatory monocytes (IMs) (Giamarellos-Bourboulis et al., 2020, Zhang et al., 2020c, Zhou et al., 2020b).
T82 928-1372 Sentence denotes This matches single-cell transcriptomic (scRNA-seq) data demonstrating CD14+IL-1β+ monocytic expansion (Guo et al., 2020, Wen et al., 2020), interferon-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-driven adaptive immune responses (Huang et al., 2020c), and IL-1β-associated inflammasome signatures (Ong et al., 2020) in peripheral blood of COVID-19 patients, although systemic levels of IL-1β detected are conspicuously low (Del Valle et al., 2020).
T83 1373-1714 Sentence denotes Importantly, these immune signatures track with progression of clinical disease. scRNA-seq studies performed on pulmonary tissues of patients with severe COVID-19 disease have revealed an expansion of IMs and Ficolin-1+ monocyte-derived macrophages at the expense of tissue-resident reparative alveolar macrophages (AMs) (Liao et al., 2020).
T84 1715-1888 Sentence denotes The aforementioned study also observed signatures of IFN signaling and monocyte recruitment that likely contribute to the rapid decline in alveolar patency and promote ARDS.
T85 1889-2134 Sentence denotes Although most of the clinical focus has been on pulmonary damage and mononuclear phagocyte (MNP) dysfunction therein, it is increasingly clear that COVID-19 likely presents systemic challenges in other organ sites, such as the ileum and kidneys.
T86 2135-2261 Sentence denotes Understanding the role of non-pulmonary myeloid cells in tissue-specific pathology associated with COVID-19 will be important.
T87 2263-2330 Sentence denotes Prior Knowledge from SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and Murine Coronaviruses
T88 2331-2539 Sentence denotes While data on COVID-19 patients continues to rapidly emerge, studies of myeloid cell dysfunction in SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV can provide an important roadmap to understanding COVID-19 pathogenesis (Figure 2 ).
T89 2540-2682 Sentence denotes SARS-CoV-1 infection in mouse models results in an aberrant AM phenotype that limits DC trafficking and T cell activation (Zhao et al., 2009).
T90 2683-2834 Sentence denotes Additionally, YM1+ FIZZ1+ alternative macrophages can increase airway hypersensitivity, thus exacerbating SARS-associated fibrosis (Page et al., 2012).
T91 2835-3146 Sentence denotes Further, as described above, murine SARS-CoV-1 studies have demonstrated that delayed IFN-I signaling and inflammatory monocytes-macrophages promote lung cytokine and chemokine levels, vascular leakage, and impaired antigen-specific T cell responses, culminating in lethal disease (Channappanavar et al., 2016).
T92 3147-3358 Sentence denotes The role played by prominent IFN-producing pDCs in SARS-CoV-2 control or pathogenesis warrants investigation, as they have been shown to be critical in murine CoV (MHV) control (Cervantes-Barragan et al., 2007).
T93 3359-3710 Sentence denotes Longitudinal studies in SARS-CoV-2 models are awaited, but initial phenotypic studies in humanized hACE2 mice have shown the characteristic alveolar interstitial pneumonia, with infiltration of lymphocytes and monocytes and accumulation of macrophages in the alveolar lumen (Bao et al., 2020a), which recapitulates patient findings (Xu et al., 2020c).
T94 3711-4074 Sentence denotes Lastly, non-human primate (NHP) studies and patient data on SARS-CoV-1 have also shown that virus spike-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses can exacerbate acute lung injury due to repolarization of alveolar macrophages into proinflammatory phenotypes and enhanced recruitment of inflammatory monocyte via CCL2 and IL-8 (Clay et al., 2012, Liu et al., 2019).
T95 4075-4189 Sentence denotes However, the extent to which the antibody response contributes to disease pathophysiology remains to be confirmed.
T96 4190-4283 Sentence denotes Figure 2 SARS-CoV-2 Infection Results in Myeloid Cell Activation and Changes NK Cell Function
T97 4284-4377 Sentence denotes Based on data from preliminary COVID-19 studies and earlier studies in related coronaviruses.
T98 4378-4606 Sentence denotes IL-6, IL-1β, and IFN-I/III from infected pulmonary epithelia can induce inflammatory programs in resident (alternate) macrophages while recruiting inflammatory monocytes, as well as granulocytes and lymphocytes from circulation.
T99 4607-4699 Sentence denotes Sustained IL-6 and TNF-ɑ by incoming monocytes can drive several hyperinflammation cascades.
T100 4700-4822 Sentence denotes Inflammatory monocyte-derived macrophages can amplify dysfunctional responses in various ways (listed in top-left corner).
T101 4823-4960 Sentence denotes The systemic CRS- and sHLH-like inflammatory response can induce neutrophilic NETosis and microthrombosis, aggravating COVID-19 severity.
T102 4961-5057 Sentence denotes Other myeloid cells, such as pDCs, are purported to have an IFN-dependent role in viral control.
T103 5058-5121 Sentence denotes Monocyte-derived CXCL9/10/11 might recruit NK cells from blood.
T104 5122-5282 Sentence denotes Preliminary data suggest that the antiviral function of these NK cells might be regulated through crosstalk with SARS-infected cells and inflammatory monocytes.
T105 5283-5330 Sentence denotes Dashed lines indicate pathways to be confirmed.
T106 5331-5593 Sentence denotes Arg1, arginase 1; iNOS, inducible-nitric oxide synthase; Inflamm., inflammatory; Mono., monocytes; Macs, macrophages; Eosino, eosinophils; Neutro, neutrophils; NETosis, neutrophil extracellular trap cell death; SHLH, secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
T107 5595-5648 Sentence denotes Myeloid Cells Contribution to Pathogenic Inflammation
T108 5649-5837 Sentence denotes The initial mode of viral pathogen-associated signal (PAMP) recognition by innate cells has a major impact on downstream myeloid signaling and cytokine secretion (de Marcken et al., 2019).
T109 5838-6220 Sentence denotes While macrophages are somewhat susceptible to MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-1 infection (Perlman and Dandekar, 2005, Zhou et al., 2014), data do not suggest that they are infected by SARS-CoV-2, although one study reported ACE2 and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein is expressed in lymph nodes and spleen-associated CD169+ macrophages of COVID-19 patients producing IL-6 (Chen et al., 2020h).
T110 6221-6414 Sentence denotes Significantly elevated systemic levels of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 have been reported in several COVID-19 patient cohorts and shown to correlate with disease severity (Mehta et al., 2020).
T111 6415-6562 Sentence denotes Increased IL-6 can also be associated with higher levels of IL-2, IL-7, IFN-ɣ, and GM-CSF, as seen in secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
T112 6563-6843 Sentence denotes In response to viral infections, MNPs drive IL and IFN-I and IFN-III production resulting in inflammasome activation, induction of pathogenic Th1 and Th17 cell responses, recruitment of effector immune cells, and CRS pathology (Prokunina-Olsson et al., 2020, Tanaka et al., 2016).
T113 6844-7074 Sentence denotes Independently, in vitro studies have demonstrated SARS-CoV-1 infection can induce intracellular stress pathways, resulting in NLRP3-dependent inflammasome activation and macrophage pyroptosis (Chen et al., 2019, Shi et al., 2019).
T114 7075-7287 Sentence denotes Functional studies are required to implicate these myeloid inflammasome pathways in COVID-19 lung pathology and to assess other immunogenic pathways such as RIPK1/3-dependent necroptosis (Nailwal and Chan, 2019).
T115 7288-7452 Sentence denotes In conclusion, the strength and duration of myeloid ISG)signaling potentially dictate COVID-19 disease severity, but rigorous studies are warranted to confirm this.
T116 7453-7658 Sentence denotes Lastly, more work is needed to ascertain the mechanistic role played by lung-resident and recruited granulocytes in SARS-CoV-2 control and pathogenesis (Camp and Jonsson, 2017, Flores-Torres et al., 2019).
T117 7659-7901 Sentence denotes In contrast to their early protective role, neutrophil NETosis and macrophage crosstalk can drive later-stage inflammatory cascades (Barnes et al., 2020), underscoring the overall pathogenic nature of damage-sensing host responses (Figure 2).
T118 7902-8141 Sentence denotes Collectively, the current knowledge of CoVs and SARS-CoV-2 infection, in particular, points to an inadvertent collusion involving myeloid cells in COVID-19 pathogenesis, despite their critical role in early sensing and antiviral responses.