PMC:7195088 / 1811-3577 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"30","span":{"begin":13,"end":60},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"31","span":{"begin":62,"end":72},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"32","span":{"begin":635,"end":643},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"33","span":{"begin":100,"end":124},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"34","span":{"begin":126,"end":134},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"35","span":{"begin":314,"end":333},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"39","span":{"begin":1041,"end":1049},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"40","span":{"begin":1072,"end":1078},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"41","span":{"begin":1276,"end":1284},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"44","span":{"begin":1654,"end":1662},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"45","span":{"begin":1645,"end":1653},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A30","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"30","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A31","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"31","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A32","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"32","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A33","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"33","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A34","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"34","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A35","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"35","obj":"MESH:D012131"},{"id":"A39","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"39","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A40","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"40","obj":"MESH:D010100"},{"id":"A41","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"41","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A44","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"44","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A45","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"45","obj":"MESH:C000657245"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"Introduction\nSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has rapidly become epidemic in Italy and other European countries [[1], [2], [3]]. The disease spectrum ranges from asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic presentations to acute respiratory failure, with the true proportion of severe cases still remaining partly unclear as a result of an incomplete denominator and a possible lack of adjustment for relevant confounding factors [4,5]. Nonetheless, of particular clinical concern at the present time is not the relative frequency of severe cases in patients requiring ventilation support, but rather their absolute number, which is reaching or even surpassing the intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity in the most affected regions and countries [6].\nFrom this perspective, in addition to the important prevention and restrictive measures implemented for reducing transmission [7], it remains crucial to optimize the therapeutic management of symptomatic patients requiring noninvasive oxygen therapy in order both to improve the absolute cure rates and to reduce and prevent the need for ICU admission. However, the lack of high-level evidence, inherent to the novelty and rapid spread of COVID-19, has led to the adoption of heterogeneous approaches worldwide, often without a clear distinction between the relative weight of available evidence and expert opinion in informing therapeutic choices.\nIn this narrative review, we sought to summarize the available evidence on important therapeutic questions we are continuously facing as clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients in Italy, trying to find a balance between current evidence, frontline experiences and expert opinions."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":314,"end":333},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A2","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T2","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002878"}],"text":"Introduction\nSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has rapidly become epidemic in Italy and other European countries [[1], [2], [3]]. The disease spectrum ranges from asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic presentations to acute respiratory failure, with the true proportion of severe cases still remaining partly unclear as a result of an incomplete denominator and a possible lack of adjustment for relevant confounding factors [4,5]. Nonetheless, of particular clinical concern at the present time is not the relative frequency of severe cases in patients requiring ventilation support, but rather their absolute number, which is reaching or even surpassing the intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity in the most affected regions and countries [6].\nFrom this perspective, in addition to the important prevention and restrictive measures implemented for reducing transmission [7], it remains crucial to optimize the therapeutic management of symptomatic patients requiring noninvasive oxygen therapy in order both to improve the absolute cure rates and to reduce and prevent the need for ICU admission. However, the lack of high-level evidence, inherent to the novelty and rapid spread of COVID-19, has led to the adoption of heterogeneous approaches worldwide, often without a clear distinction between the relative weight of available evidence and expert opinion in informing therapeutic choices.\nIn this narrative review, we sought to summarize the available evidence on important therapeutic questions we are continuously facing as clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients in Italy, trying to find a balance between current evidence, frontline experiences and expert opinions."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":13,"end":60},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":62,"end":70},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":100,"end":124},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":126,"end":134},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":308,"end":333},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1276,"end":1284},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":1645,"end":1653},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A11","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A12","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A13","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A14","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A15","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001208"},{"id":"A16","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021113"},{"id":"A17","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A18","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T18","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"}],"text":"Introduction\nSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has rapidly become epidemic in Italy and other European countries [[1], [2], [3]]. The disease spectrum ranges from asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic presentations to acute respiratory failure, with the true proportion of severe cases still remaining partly unclear as a result of an incomplete denominator and a possible lack of adjustment for relevant confounding factors [4,5]. Nonetheless, of particular clinical concern at the present time is not the relative frequency of severe cases in patients requiring ventilation support, but rather their absolute number, which is reaching or even surpassing the intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity in the most affected regions and countries [6].\nFrom this perspective, in addition to the important prevention and restrictive measures implemented for reducing transmission [7], it remains crucial to optimize the therapeutic management of symptomatic patients requiring noninvasive oxygen therapy in order both to improve the absolute cure rates and to reduce and prevent the need for ICU admission. However, the lack of high-level evidence, inherent to the novelty and rapid spread of COVID-19, has led to the adoption of heterogeneous approaches worldwide, often without a clear distinction between the relative weight of available evidence and expert opinion in informing therapeutic choices.\nIn this narrative review, we sought to summarize the available evidence on important therapeutic questions we are continuously facing as clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients in Italy, trying to find a balance between current evidence, frontline experiences and expert opinions."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":143,"end":146},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":410,"end":411},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":452,"end":453},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1286,"end":1289},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1363,"end":1364},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1613,"end":1619},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1688,"end":1689},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"text":"Introduction\nSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has rapidly become epidemic in Italy and other European countries [[1], [2], [3]]. The disease spectrum ranges from asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic presentations to acute respiratory failure, with the true proportion of severe cases still remaining partly unclear as a result of an incomplete denominator and a possible lack of adjustment for relevant confounding factors [4,5]. Nonetheless, of particular clinical concern at the present time is not the relative frequency of severe cases in patients requiring ventilation support, but rather their absolute number, which is reaching or even surpassing the intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity in the most affected regions and countries [6].\nFrom this perspective, in addition to the important prevention and restrictive measures implemented for reducing transmission [7], it remains crucial to optimize the therapeutic management of symptomatic patients requiring noninvasive oxygen therapy in order both to improve the absolute cure rates and to reduce and prevent the need for ICU admission. However, the lack of high-level evidence, inherent to the novelty and rapid spread of COVID-19, has led to the adoption of heterogeneous approaches worldwide, often without a clear distinction between the relative weight of available evidence and expert opinion in informing therapeutic choices.\nIn this narrative review, we sought to summarize the available evidence on important therapeutic questions we are continuously facing as clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients in Italy, trying to find a balance between current evidence, frontline experiences and expert opinions."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1072,"end":1078},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A6","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25805"}],"text":"Introduction\nSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has rapidly become epidemic in Italy and other European countries [[1], [2], [3]]. The disease spectrum ranges from asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic presentations to acute respiratory failure, with the true proportion of severe cases still remaining partly unclear as a result of an incomplete denominator and a possible lack of adjustment for relevant confounding factors [4,5]. Nonetheless, of particular clinical concern at the present time is not the relative frequency of severe cases in patients requiring ventilation support, but rather their absolute number, which is reaching or even surpassing the intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity in the most affected regions and countries [6].\nFrom this perspective, in addition to the important prevention and restrictive measures implemented for reducing transmission [7], it remains crucial to optimize the therapeutic management of symptomatic patients requiring noninvasive oxygen therapy in order both to improve the absolute cure rates and to reduce and prevent the need for ICU admission. However, the lack of high-level evidence, inherent to the novelty and rapid spread of COVID-19, has led to the adoption of heterogeneous approaches worldwide, often without a clear distinction between the relative weight of available evidence and expert opinion in informing therapeutic choices.\nIn this narrative review, we sought to summarize the available evidence on important therapeutic questions we are continuously facing as clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients in Italy, trying to find a balance between current evidence, frontline experiences and expert opinions."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":0,"end":12},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":13,"end":225},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":226,"end":521},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":522,"end":836},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":837,"end":1189},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":1190,"end":1485},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":1486,"end":1766},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Introduction\nSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has rapidly become epidemic in Italy and other European countries [[1], [2], [3]]. The disease spectrum ranges from asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic presentations to acute respiratory failure, with the true proportion of severe cases still remaining partly unclear as a result of an incomplete denominator and a possible lack of adjustment for relevant confounding factors [4,5]. Nonetheless, of particular clinical concern at the present time is not the relative frequency of severe cases in patients requiring ventilation support, but rather their absolute number, which is reaching or even surpassing the intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity in the most affected regions and countries [6].\nFrom this perspective, in addition to the important prevention and restrictive measures implemented for reducing transmission [7], it remains crucial to optimize the therapeutic management of symptomatic patients requiring noninvasive oxygen therapy in order both to improve the absolute cure rates and to reduce and prevent the need for ICU admission. However, the lack of high-level evidence, inherent to the novelty and rapid spread of COVID-19, has led to the adoption of heterogeneous approaches worldwide, often without a clear distinction between the relative weight of available evidence and expert opinion in informing therapeutic choices.\nIn this narrative review, we sought to summarize the available evidence on important therapeutic questions we are continuously facing as clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients in Italy, trying to find a balance between current evidence, frontline experiences and expert opinions."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32360444-32178769-22369750","span":{"begin":833,"end":834},"obj":"32178769"},{"id":"32360444-32119825-22369751","span":{"begin":964,"end":965},"obj":"32119825"}],"text":"Introduction\nSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has rapidly become epidemic in Italy and other European countries [[1], [2], [3]]. The disease spectrum ranges from asymptomatic/mildly symptomatic presentations to acute respiratory failure, with the true proportion of severe cases still remaining partly unclear as a result of an incomplete denominator and a possible lack of adjustment for relevant confounding factors [4,5]. Nonetheless, of particular clinical concern at the present time is not the relative frequency of severe cases in patients requiring ventilation support, but rather their absolute number, which is reaching or even surpassing the intensive care unit (ICU) bed capacity in the most affected regions and countries [6].\nFrom this perspective, in addition to the important prevention and restrictive measures implemented for reducing transmission [7], it remains crucial to optimize the therapeutic management of symptomatic patients requiring noninvasive oxygen therapy in order both to improve the absolute cure rates and to reduce and prevent the need for ICU admission. However, the lack of high-level evidence, inherent to the novelty and rapid spread of COVID-19, has led to the adoption of heterogeneous approaches worldwide, often without a clear distinction between the relative weight of available evidence and expert opinion in informing therapeutic choices.\nIn this narrative review, we sought to summarize the available evidence on important therapeutic questions we are continuously facing as clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients in Italy, trying to find a balance between current evidence, frontline experiences and expert opinions."}