PMC:7161517 / 8808-9732 JSONTXT

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    LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":356,"end":371},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":376,"end":396},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":406,"end":425},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A52","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T52","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma15633"},{"id":"A53","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T53","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74646"},{"id":"A54","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T54","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74636"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}

    LitCovid-PD-UBERON

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":356,"end":371},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":893,"end":896},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":899,"end":923},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A32","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T32","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001236"},{"id":"A33","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018229"},{"id":"A34","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018229"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}

    LitCovid-PD-MONDO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":209,"end":221},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":302,"end":305},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":416,"end":425},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A47","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T47","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021166"},{"id":"A48","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T48","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008840"},{"id":"A49","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T49","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021156"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}

    LitCovid-PD-CLO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":406,"end":415},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001353"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":449,"end":457},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158"},{"id":"T104","span":{"begin":540,"end":546},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418"},{"id":"T105","span":{"begin":854,"end":864},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001898"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}

    LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T90","span":{"begin":0,"end":15},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T91","span":{"begin":32,"end":43},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T92","span":{"begin":91,"end":93},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T93","span":{"begin":98,"end":109},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":157,"end":167},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":186,"end":197},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":259,"end":261},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":282,"end":284},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T98","span":{"begin":325,"end":336},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T100","span":{"begin":389,"end":396},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T101","span":{"begin":427,"end":438},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":475,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":497,"end":508},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T104","span":{"begin":590,"end":592},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T105","span":{"begin":832,"end":836},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T107","span":{"begin":865,"end":871},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T109","span":{"begin":887,"end":890},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T111","span":{"begin":893,"end":896},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T112","span":{"begin":905,"end":916},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A90","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T90","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2720"},{"id":"A91","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T91","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48433"},{"id":"A92","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T92","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067"},{"id":"A93","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T93","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48433"},{"id":"A94","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T94","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3165"},{"id":"A95","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T95","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25212"},{"id":"A96","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T96","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067"},{"id":"A97","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T97","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067"},{"id":"A98","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T98","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27584"},{"id":"A99","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T98","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30834"},{"id":"A100","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T100","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24621"},{"id":"A101","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T101","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27584"},{"id":"A102","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T102","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_80240"},{"id":"A103","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T103","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48433"},{"id":"A104","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T104","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067"},{"id":"A105","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T105","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27363"},{"id":"A106","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T105","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30185"},{"id":"A107","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T107","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26274"},{"id":"A108","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T107","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32874"},{"id":"A109","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T109","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18021"},{"id":"A110","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T109","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_44897"},{"id":"A111","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T111","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63620"},{"id":"A112","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T112","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48433"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}

    LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":209,"end":221},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006954"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":325,"end":346},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035932"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":337,"end":346},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":564,"end":570},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004707"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":571,"end":575},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0004707"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}

    LitCovid-sentences

    {"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":0,"end":64},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":65,"end":222},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":223,"end":426},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":427,"end":474},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":475,"end":585},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":586,"end":739},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":740,"end":892},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":893,"end":924},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}

    LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB

    {"project":"LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB","denotations":[{"id":"T277","span":{"begin":32,"end":45},"obj":"PR:000036008"},{"id":"T278","span":{"begin":47,"end":52},"obj":"PR:000036008"},{"id":"T279","span":{"begin":58,"end":63},"obj":"PR:000013883"},{"id":"T280","span":{"begin":65,"end":70},"obj":"PR:000036008"},{"id":"T281","span":{"begin":87,"end":93},"obj":"PR:000036009"},{"id":"T282","span":{"begin":146,"end":156},"obj":"MOP:0000619"},{"id":"T283","span":{"begin":157,"end":167},"obj":"CHEBI:3165;CHEBI:3165"},{"id":"T284","span":{"begin":186,"end":197},"obj":"CHEBI:25212;CHEBI:25212"},{"id":"T285","span":{"begin":255,"end":261},"obj":"PR:000036009"},{"id":"T286","span":{"begin":278,"end":284},"obj":"PR:000036009"},{"id":"T287","span":{"begin":325,"end":336},"obj":"CHEBI:27584;CHEBI:27584"},{"id":"T288","span":{"begin":356,"end":371},"obj":"UBERON:0001236"},{"id":"T289","span":{"begin":416,"end":425},"obj":"UBERON:0002198"},{"id":"T290","span":{"begin":427,"end":438},"obj":"CHEBI:27584;CHEBI:27584"},{"id":"T291","span":{"begin":449,"end":457},"obj":"GO:0016020"},{"id":"T292","span":{"begin":458,"end":462},"obj":"G_3;PG_10;PR:000003622"},{"id":"T293","span":{"begin":463,"end":473},"obj":"GO:0010467"},{"id":"T294","span":{"begin":475,"end":485},"obj":"UBERON:0001986;PR:000006897"},{"id":"T295","span":{"begin":485,"end":487},"obj":"PR:000006897"},{"id":"T296","span":{"begin":497,"end":510},"obj":"PR:000036013"},{"id":"T297","span":{"begin":514,"end":518},"obj":"PR:000036013"},{"id":"T298","span":{"begin":526,"end":539},"obj":"GO:0005576"},{"id":"T299","span":{"begin":547,"end":556},"obj":"GO:0065007"},{"id":"T300","span":{"begin":571,"end":575},"obj":"PR:000000103"},{"id":"T301","span":{"begin":586,"end":592},"obj":"PR:000036009"},{"id":"T302","span":{"begin":656,"end":660},"obj":"PR:000036013"},{"id":"T303","span":{"begin":667,"end":671},"obj":"PR:000003622;G_3;PG_10"},{"id":"T304","span":{"begin":740,"end":745},"obj":"PR:000036013"},{"id":"T305","span":{"begin":784,"end":789},"obj":"PR:000036008"},{"id":"T306","span":{"begin":809,"end":815},"obj":"PR:000036012"},{"id":"T307","span":{"begin":854,"end":864},"obj":"PR:000001898"},{"id":"T308","span":{"begin":899,"end":904},"obj":"PR:000013883"},{"id":"T23691","span":{"begin":12,"end":17},"obj":"PR:000036013"},{"id":"T96566","span":{"begin":21,"end":25},"obj":"G_3;PG_10;PR:000003622"},{"id":"T43762","span":{"begin":84,"end":96},"obj":"SP_10"},{"id":"T84544","span":{"begin":97,"end":107},"obj":"SP_10;UBERON:0001004"},{"id":"T62103","span":{"begin":108,"end":128},"obj":"SP_10"},{"id":"T45099","span":{"begin":130,"end":138},"obj":"SP_10"},{"id":"T96697","span":{"begin":146,"end":154},"obj":"SP_10"},{"id":"T67126","span":{"begin":156,"end":160},"obj":"G_3;PG_10;PR:000003622"},{"id":"T70630","span":{"begin":170,"end":179},"obj":"PG_1"},{"id":"T4074","span":{"begin":205,"end":210},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10239;GO:0035376"},{"id":"T7619","span":{"begin":211,"end":216},"obj":"GO:0035376"},{"id":"T1702","span":{"begin":226,"end":238},"obj":"GO:0044164"},{"id":"T51851","span":{"begin":269,"end":274},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10239;GO:0006260"},{"id":"T38954","span":{"begin":275,"end":286},"obj":"GO:0006260"},{"id":"T34720","span":{"begin":301,"end":307},"obj":"PR:000036009"},{"id":"T28581","span":{"begin":316,"end":321},"obj":"PR:000003622;G_3;PG_10"},{"id":"T52593","span":{"begin":350,"end":355},"obj":"NCBITaxon:10239"},{"id":"T53738","span":{"begin":421,"end":425},"obj":"PR:000001251"},{"id":"T14088","span":{"begin":450,"end":455},"obj":"PR:000001607"},{"id":"T411","span":{"begin":506,"end":511},"obj":"PR:000013883"},{"id":"T412","span":{"begin":548,"end":556},"obj":"SP_7"},{"id":"T413","span":{"begin":567,"end":580},"obj":"PR:000036008"},{"id":"T414","span":{"begin":582,"end":587},"obj":"PR:000036008"},{"id":"T415","span":{"begin":729,"end":735},"obj":"PR:000036009"},{"id":"T416","span":{"begin":757,"end":761},"obj":"PR:000001251"},{"id":"T417","span":{"begin":789,"end":805},"obj":"UBERON:0002053"},{"id":"T418","span":{"begin":813,"end":828},"obj":"UBERON:0001236"},{"id":"T419","span":{"begin":845,"end":856},"obj":"CHEBI:27584;CHEBI:27584"},{"id":"T420","span":{"begin":882,"end":899},"obj":"CHEBI:25354;CHEBI:25354"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}

    LitCovid-PubTator

    {"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"247","span":{"begin":0,"end":15},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"248","span":{"begin":32,"end":45},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"249","span":{"begin":47,"end":52},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"250","span":{"begin":65,"end":70},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"251","span":{"begin":87,"end":93},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"252","span":{"begin":98,"end":127},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"253","span":{"begin":129,"end":132},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"254","span":{"begin":157,"end":167},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"255","span":{"begin":255,"end":261},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"256","span":{"begin":458,"end":462},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"257","span":{"begin":475,"end":487},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"258","span":{"begin":514,"end":520},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"259","span":{"begin":526,"end":570},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"260","span":{"begin":571,"end":575},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"261","span":{"begin":586,"end":592},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"262","span":{"begin":656,"end":662},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"263","span":{"begin":667,"end":671},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"264","span":{"begin":740,"end":746},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"265","span":{"begin":809,"end":815},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"266","span":{"begin":854,"end":864},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"267","span":{"begin":865,"end":885},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"268","span":{"begin":887,"end":890},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"269","span":{"begin":784,"end":789},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"270","span":{"begin":58,"end":63},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"271","span":{"begin":325,"end":336},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"272","span":{"begin":427,"end":438},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"273","span":{"begin":209,"end":221},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A247","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"247","obj":"Gene:183"},{"id":"A248","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"248","obj":"Gene:183"},{"id":"A249","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"249","obj":"Gene:183"},{"id":"A250","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"250","obj":"Gene:183"},{"id":"A251","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"251","obj":"Gene:183"},{"id":"A252","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"252","obj":"Gene:1636"},{"id":"A253","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"253","obj":"Gene:1636"},{"id":"A254","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"254","obj":"Gene:3827"},{"id":"A255","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"255","obj":"Gene:183"},{"id":"A256","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"256","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A257","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"257","obj":"Gene:1906"},{"id":"A258","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"258","obj":"Gene:284"},{"id":"A259","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"259","obj":"Gene:5594"},{"id":"A260","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"260","obj":"Gene:5594"},{"id":"A261","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"261","obj":"Gene:183"},{"id":"A262","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"262","obj":"Gene:284"},{"id":"A263","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"263","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A264","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"264","obj":"Gene:284"},{"id":"A265","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"265","obj":"Gene:284"},{"id":"A266","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"266","obj":"Gene:4311"},{"id":"A267","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"267","obj":"Gene:5550"},{"id":"A268","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"268","obj":"Gene:5550"},{"id":"A269","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"269","obj":"Gene:183"},{"id":"A270","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"270","obj":"Gene:5972"},{"id":"A271","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"271","obj":"MESH:D000450"},{"id":"A272","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"272","obj":"MESH:D000450"},{"id":"A273","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"273","obj":"MESH:D007249"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I (Ang I) via renin. Ang I is converted to Ang II via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which also hydrolyzes bradykinin into its inactive metabolites, promoting inflammation. The pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II are mediated by Ang II type I receptor (AT1), which stimulates aldosterone secretion from the adrenal medulla and antidiuretic hormone from the posterior pituitary. Aldosterone decreases membrane ACE2 expression. Endothelin-1 inhibits angiotensin 1-7 (Ang1-7) via extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/ERK2 pathways. Ang II, under favorable conditions (dashed line), can be converted to Ang1-7 via ACE2, whose counter regulatory effects are mediated by the Mas receptor. Ang1-7 can also be formed via conversion of Ang I to an intermediate Ang1-9 or directly via zinc metallopeptidase neprilysin/prolyl endopeptidase (PEP). RAS = renin-angiotensin system."}