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PMC:7160442 / 65-10963 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
12 307-323 Species denotes SARS coronavirus Tax:694009
13 325-333 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
14 462-472 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
15 658-664 Species denotes people Tax:9606
16 122-137 Disease denotes viral pneumonia
17 256-276 Disease denotes respiratory syndrome MESH:D012120
18 421-440 Disease denotes coronavirus disease MESH:D018352
19 442-450 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
27 1071-1079 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
28 1171-1179 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
29 1180-1186 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
30 1409-1417 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
31 1712-1726 Disease denotes new infections MESH:C000657245
32 1877-1885 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
33 2525-2533 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
35 3296-3304 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
37 3459-3467 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
40 4137-4145 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
41 4245-4263 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141
50 5292-5300 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
51 4439-4447 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
52 5130-5135 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
53 5137-5148 Disease denotes sore throat MESH:D010608
54 5153-5158 Disease denotes cough MESH:D003371
55 5169-5179 Disease denotes pneumonias MESH:D011014
56 5331-5345 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
57 5383-5391 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
71 5773-5777 Gene denotes ship Gene:3635
72 5986-5992 Species denotes people Tax:9606
73 6063-6066 Species denotes men Tax:9606
74 6071-6077 Species denotes people Tax:9606
75 6153-6161 Species denotes Children Tax:9606
76 6193-6203 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
77 6231-6239 Species denotes children Tax:9606
78 5526-5536 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
79 5820-5830 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
80 6083-6095 Disease denotes hypertension MESH:D006973
81 6097-6105 Disease denotes diabetes MESH:D003920
82 6118-6136 Disease denotes pulmonary diseases MESH:D008171
83 6179-6187 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
87 6987-6997 Chemical denotes remdesivir MESH:C000606551
88 6999-7017 Chemical denotes hydroxychloroquine MESH:D006886
89 7039-7048 Chemical denotes lopinavir MESH:D061466
92 7353-7357 Species denotes H1N1 Tax:114727
93 7271-7279 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
99 8887-8893 Species denotes people Tax:9606
100 7959-7967 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
101 8096-8104 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
102 9180-9188 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
103 9827-9835 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
107 10511-10521 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
108 10725-10733 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
109 10814-10822 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 170-174 Body_part denotes Back http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma25056
T2 403-407 Body_part denotes back http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma25056
T3 3851-3854 Body_part denotes map http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67847
T4 4527-4534 Body_part denotes genomes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116
T5 5142-5148 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738
T6 10414-10418 Body_part denotes back http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma25056

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 822-827 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T2 5142-5148 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341
T3 6482-6487 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T4 9077-9082 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542
T5 9969-9974 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T2 122-137 Disease denotes viral pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006012
T3 128-137 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T4 278-282 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T5 307-311 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T6 325-333 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T7 442-450 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T8 462-470 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T9 499-503 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T10 1071-1079 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T11 1171-1179 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T12 1409-1417 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T13 1716-1729 Disease denotes infections in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T14 1877-1885 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T15 2525-2533 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T16 3296-3304 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T17 3459-3467 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T18 4137-4145 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T19 4245-4263 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T20 4439-4447 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T21 5137-5148 Disease denotes sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002258
T22 5169-5179 Disease denotes pneumonias http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T23 5383-5391 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T24 5526-5536 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T25 5820-5830 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T26 6083-6095 Disease denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005044
T27 6097-6105 Disease denotes diabetes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005015
T28 6118-6136 Disease denotes pulmonary diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005275
T29 6193-6201 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T30 6386-6400 Disease denotes infectiousness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T31 7271-7279 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T32 7341-7358 Disease denotes influenza A(H1N1) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005460
T33 7341-7350 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T34 7793-7802 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T35 7959-7967 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T36 8096-8104 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T37 9180-9188 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T38 9827-9835 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T39 10511-10521 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T40 10725-10733 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T41 10814-10822 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T2 58-59 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T3 109-110 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T4 181-182 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T5 473-476 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T6 639-640 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T7 756-761 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T8 820-821 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T9 928-933 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T10 1167-1170 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054061 denotes 132
T11 1308-1309 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T12 2291-2292 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T13 2360-2361 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T14 2502-2507 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes faced
T15 2508-2509 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T16 3409-3418 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animation
T17 3546-3548 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050 denotes S1
T18 3572-3574 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T19 3690-3691 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T20 3940-3953 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes organisations
T21 4181-4184 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T22 4425-4430 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T23 4595-4596 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T24 4633-4638 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T25 4753-4754 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T26 4928-4935 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053001 denotes 1 to 14
T27 5093-5094 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T28 5408-5410 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T29 5555-5560 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T30 5732-5733 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T31 5764-5765 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T32 5941-5946 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T33 6304-6309 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T34 6367-6372 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T35 6429-6434 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tests
T36 6799-6800 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T37 6856-6868 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes Organization
T38 7022-7023 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T39 7107-7108 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T40 7205-7207 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T41 7216-7217 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T42 7351-7352 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T43 7471-7484 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes organisations
T44 7530-7531 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T45 7621-7625 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008416 denotes peer
T46 7621-7625 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050081 denotes peer
T47 7817-7820 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T48 7829-7842 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes organisations
T49 7968-7969 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T50 8045-8046 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T51 8059-8061 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T52 8149-8150 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T53 8287-8292 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T54 8426-8427 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T55 8564-8565 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T56 8959-8960 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T57 9011-9012 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T58 9065-9066 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T59 9198-9201 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T60 9208-9209 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T61 9582-9583 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T62 9804-9805 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T63 9967-9968 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T64 10365-10368 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T65 10441-10448 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000418 denotes signals
T66 10615-10616 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 6812-6821 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T2 6832-6837 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T3 6987-6997 Chemical denotes remdesivir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145994
T4 6999-7017 Chemical denotes hydroxychloroquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5801
T5 7039-7062 Chemical denotes lopinavir and ritonavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145924
T6 7039-7048 Chemical denotes lopinavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781
T7 7053-7062 Chemical denotes ritonavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45409
T8 7079-7089 Chemical denotes interferon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52999
T9 7090-7094 Chemical denotes beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545
T10 10170-10174 Chemical denotes gold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29287|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30050
T12 10184-10192 Chemical denotes solution http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_75958

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T2 0-169 Sentence denotes On 8 April 2020, 100 days have passed since ProMed posted a ‘request for information’ about the emergence of a cluster of viral pneumonia of unknown origin in Wuhan [1].
T3 170-347 Sentence denotes Back then, a number of similarities triggered memories of the beginning of the severe respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic caused by the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2003 [2].
T4 348-546 Sentence denotes Today, the ProMed post of 30 December 2019 appears far back in time; the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has far exceeded the 2003 SARS epidemic in terms of magnitude and impact.
T5 547-868 Sentence denotes Since the beginning of January 2020, weeks and days have been dominated by changes that had a major bearing on people’s professional and personal lives; changes in the epidemic, changes in knowledge about the virus and the disease, and changes in public health measures at a scale that only months ago were inconceivable.
T6 870-888 Sentence denotes Epidemic evolution
T7 889-1005 Sentence denotes In January and February, the worldwide focus of attention was China where cases and fatalities increased day by day.
T8 1006-1201 Sentence denotes Just 30 days after ProMed’s post, on 29 January, 6,065 confirmed COVID-19 cases had been notified worldwide, mainly from China, where all 1,239 severe cases and 132 COVID-19 deaths were reported.
T9 1202-1360 Sentence denotes At that point, only 68 cases had been identified in 15 countries outside mainland China, all of which had a link to China or to cases from China [3] (Figure).
T10 1361-1478 Sentence denotes By 28 February, 30 days later, 83,652 confirmed COVID-19 cases had been reported from 51 countries on all continents.
T11 1479-1691 Sentence denotes Countries outside mainland China still accounted for only 4.5% (n = 3,664) of the notified cases with some, including Italy, Germany, and France in Europe, already experiencing limited autochthonous transmission.
T12 1692-1895 Sentence denotes From late February, new infections in China declined rapidly after the implementation of sweeping social distancing measures, while attention turned to Europe, the new epicentre of the COVID-19 pandemic.
T13 1896-2087 Sentence denotes Italy was initially the country hit the hardest by far, Spain, the Netherlands and others followed; France and Germany had experienced the first importation of cases already in January [4,5].
T14 2088-2279 Sentence denotes On 10 March, Italy passed the mark of 10,000 confirmed cases and on 19 March, the total number of fatalities in Italy exceeded 3,000, topping the total number of reported fatalities in China.
T15 2280-2480 Sentence denotes Cases with a link to Italy and neighbouring regions of Austria were detected in a number of European countries in February and early March, often linked to tourists returning from skiing holidays [6].
T16 2481-2628 Sentence denotes Outside Europe, Iran faced a rapid surge of COVID-19 followed by exportation of cases mostly to countries in the Middle East but also overseas [7].
T17 2629-2896 Sentence denotes More recently, the United States in North America, and in Europe the United Kingdom emerged as new epidemic hotspots with 124,655 cases plus 2,191 fatalities and 17,089 cases plus 1,019 fatalities, respectively, reported by 29 March, day 90 after the ProMed post [3].
T18 2897-3047 Sentence denotes Recently, increasing case numbers have also been seen in Africa and in Asian countries outside China that had not been affected early in the pandemic.
T19 3048-3278 Sentence denotes On 8 April, day 100 after ProMed’s ‘request for information’, 1,391,890 cases including 81,478 fatalities have been reported from more than 200 countries/territories worldwide and only few countries appear to have passed the peak.
T20 3279-3405 Sentence denotes Figure Reported COVID-19 cases per 100,000 population by country over 100 days, 30 December 2019–8 April 2020 (n = 1,391,890)
T21 3406-3550 Sentence denotes An animation of the cumulative number of reported of COVID-19 cases per 100,000 population is provided in the supplementary material (Video S1).
T22 3551-3663 Sentence denotes On 31 December 2019, 27 cases were officially reported by the Hubei Provincial Health and Health Commission [1].
T23 3664-3747 Sentence denotes The red asterisk in panel A indicates the location of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
T24 3748-3755 Sentence denotes Source:
T25 3756-3807 Sentence denotes European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
T26 3808-3925 Sentence denotes The boundaries and names indicated on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the European Union.
T27 3926-4155 Sentence denotes International organisations such as the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control have used novel technologies and open access resources as well as official reporting data to trace the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic.
T28 4156-4379 Sentence denotes For the first time, this has enabled updating public health practitioners, policymakers, infectious disease specialists and the general public on the numbers of pandemic cases in close to real time and with high resolution.
T29 4381-4420 Sentence denotes Knowledge gains and remaining questions
T30 4421-4643 Sentence denotes The virus causing COVID-19 was identified and announced on 7 January and by 10 January, sequences of five genomes had been shared, providing scientists around the world with a basis for development of diagnostic tests [8].
T31 4644-4752 Sentence denotes There was fast growing knowledge about several important parameters for understanding the spread of disease.
T32 4753-5412 Sentence denotes A number of studies in various settings determined the basic reproductive number R0 to be within the range of 2–3 [9,10]; the incubation period was determined as ranging from 1 to 14 days with an average of 5–6 days; transmission through droplets was established as the main mode of transmission; the clinical picture that emerged included a wide range from mild symptoms with fever, sore throat and cough to severe pneumonias with characteristic features on computed tomography scans; in Hubei, China, up to 13.8% of laboratory-confirmed patients had severe disease, 6.1% were critically ill and the case fatality rate among all COVID-19 cases was 2.3% [11].
T33 5413-5654 Sentence denotes Further questions on topics such as the possibility of asymptomatic transmission, the proportion of asymptomatic infections, stability of the virus in the environment and main risk groups [12] were partly answered as the pandemic progressed.
T34 5655-5880 Sentence denotes Evidence of asymptomatic transmission was documented in several settings and a study based on an outbreak on a cruise ship determined the proportion of asymptomatic infections as 17.9% (95% credible interval: 15.5–20.2) [13].
T35 5881-5974 Sentence denotes Laboratory experiments provided data on the survival of the virus on different surfaces [14].
T36 5975-6152 Sentence denotes Aside from people older than 70 years, severe and fatal cases were seen particularly in men and people with hypertension, diabetes, underlying pulmonary diseases and in smokers.
T37 6153-6299 Sentence denotes Children were shown to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 [15], however, the role of children in disease transmission still needs to be fully elucidated.
T38 6300-6401 Sentence denotes The focus of ongoing research includes determining the duration of virus shedding and infectiousness.
T39 6402-6535 Sentence denotes Development of serological tests with good sensitivity and specificity for wide-scale use is necessary to assess population immunity.
T40 6536-6714 Sentence denotes Serological studies have been started in several European countries to define population immunity and studies on the duration of immunity will need to be conducted in the future.
T41 6715-6838 Sentence denotes Clinical trials are being conducted worldwide to investigate treatment options with a variety of antiviral and other drugs.
T42 6839-7106 Sentence denotes The World Health Organization (WHO) and European Union-funded projects are coordinating multi-centre adaptive trials to assess the effectiveness of remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine and a combination of lopinavir and ritonavir with or without interferon-beta-1a [16,17].
T43 7107-7215 Sentence denotes A number of vaccine trials are ongoing worldwide with earliest results expected within the coming 18 months.
T44 7216-7373 Sentence denotes A number of questions and challenges that arose in the COVID-19 pandemic appear similar to those experienced during the 2009 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic.
T45 7374-7740 Sentence denotes However, information sharing by scientists was faster in 2020, also facilitated by international organisations, widespread social media use and policies of a number of scientific journals, including Eurosurveillance, that enabled fast-tracking of peer-reviewed articles, publishing of articles already deposited in pre-print servers, and making articles open access.
T46 7741-7916 Sentence denotes In particular, the global initiative on sharing all influenza data (GISAID) has allowed organisations like nextstrain.org to collectively perform analysis in almost real time.
T47 7918-7941 Sentence denotes Measures and challenges
T48 7942-8076 Sentence denotes The WHO declared COVID-19 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30 January and a pandemic on 11 March [18,19].
T49 8077-8229 Sentence denotes In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, countries worldwide have taken to a wide range of measures, initially to contain and later to mitigate its impact.
T50 8230-8445 Sentence denotes The current goal is primarily to limit the spread of the virus through physical distancing i.e. lowering contact rates in order to gain time for preparing critical services such as healthcare for a high demand [20].
T51 8446-8597 Sentence denotes Reducing exposure also aims to protect the most vulnerable population groups and healthcare workers in the absence of a vaccine and specific treatment.
T52 8598-8927 Sentence denotes In Europe, measures have comprised closure of borders, closure of educational institutions such as schools, nurseries and universities, closure of museums and theatres, closure of shops and restaurants, restriction of movement and suspension of public gatherings even with small groups of people, and lockdown of whole countries.
T53 8928-9175 Sentence denotes Obviously, these measures have a far-reaching impact on individuals and society as a whole and they were taken at different times and on a different scale depending on the countries’ epidemiological, geographical, political and societal situation.
T54 9176-9320 Sentence denotes The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a number of public health challenges and some vulnerabilities in health sector preparedness have become evident.
T55 9321-9519 Sentence denotes In times of public health emergencies, setting research priorities and conducting research risks duplication of efforts, and strong coordinating mechanisms and oversight are necessary to avoid this.
T56 9520-9639 Sentence denotes Further, timely communication and conveying uncertainties are a recurrent challenge for public health and policymakers.
T57 9640-9803 Sentence denotes Informed risk communication, streamlining of messages and collaboration with the media play an important role in mitigating the impact of any public health crisis.
T58 9804-10028 Sentence denotes A new challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic is how to identify the right moment and determine the correct means for escalation and de-escalation of measures taken at a scale that was beyond imagination for many only months ago.
T59 10029-10260 Sentence denotes While there will be common principles such as timeliness, proportionality and acceptability of measures, there will most probably not be one gold standard solution for all and the approaches will need to be flexible and responsive.
T60 10261-10361 Sentence denotes Only the future can show which strategies and measures were most successful in curbing the pandemic.
T61 10362-10543 Sentence denotes It has taken China around 100 days to start getting back to ‘normal’ and early signals from some countries seem to indicate that the increase of new infections may have slowed down.
T62 10544-10739 Sentence denotes However, the majority of countries worldwide are just beginning to see a surge in cases and excess all-cause mortality is high in several of the European countries most affected by COVID-19 [21].
T63 10740-10898 Sentence denotes While it is yet impossible to predict where we will be 100 days from now, COVID-19 will certainly still be on our agenda and there is no room for complacency.

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 128-137 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T2 5130-5135 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T3 5137-5148 Phenotype denotes sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033050
T4 5153-5158 Phenotype denotes cough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735
T5 5169-5179 Phenotype denotes pneumonias http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T6 6083-6095 Phenotype denotes hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000822

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32290905-31992387-29338432 4640-4641 31992387 denotes 8
32290905-32052846-29338433 4868-4869 32052846 denotes 9
32290905-32097725-29338434 4870-4872 32097725 denotes 10
32290905-32183930-29338435 5876-5878 32183930 denotes 13
32290905-32182409-29338436 5970-5972 32182409 denotes 14
32290905-32187458-29338437 6205-6207 32187458 denotes 15

MyTest

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32290905-31992387-29338432 4640-4641 31992387 denotes 8
32290905-32052846-29338433 4868-4869 32052846 denotes 9
32290905-32097725-29338434 4870-4872 32097725 denotes 10
32290905-32183930-29338435 5876-5878 32183930 denotes 13
32290905-32182409-29338436 5970-5972 32182409 denotes 14
32290905-32187458-29338437 6205-6207 32187458 denotes 15