PMC:7152911 / 115858-117647 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"1834","span":{"begin":477,"end":482},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1835","span":{"begin":513,"end":519},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1836","span":{"begin":1465,"end":1486},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1837","span":{"begin":1753,"end":1758},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"1838","span":{"begin":1016,"end":1021},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"1839","span":{"begin":1137,"end":1142},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"1840","span":{"begin":230,"end":235},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1841","span":{"begin":287,"end":294},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1842","span":{"begin":338,"end":344},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"1843","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1532},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1834","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1834","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A1835","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1835","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A1836","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1836","obj":"Tax:5833"},{"id":"A1837","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1837","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A1838","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1838","obj":"MESH:D014867"},{"id":"A1839","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1839","obj":"MESH:D014867"},{"id":"A1840","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1840","obj":"MESH:D003643"},{"id":"A1841","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1841","obj":"MESH:D008288"},{"id":"A1842","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1842","obj":"MESH:D003643"},{"id":"A1843","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"1843","obj":"MESH:D008288"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"In addition to foodborne and waterborne pathogens, the detection of environmental pathogens is also an important aspect of healthcare. For example, diseases associated with environmental pathogens are one of the leading causes of death in low-income economies (WHO, 2018a). For example, malaria was reported to cause an estimated 435,000 deaths in 2017 (WHO, 2018b). Environmental pathogens are microorganisms that typically spend a substantial part of their lifecycle outside human hosts, but when introduced to humans through contact or inhalation cause disease with measurable frequency. Thus, environmental pathogens are often targets in medical diagnostics applications. However, here, we choose to distinguish environmental monitoring applications, which require pathogen detection in the environment (e.g., in air or on surfaces), from medical diagnostics applications, which require detection in body fluids. Thus, the distinction is based on the matrix in which the pathogen is present. Similar to food and water safety applications, which require biosensors capable of analyzing pathogen-containing complex matrices, such as a water or food matrix, environmental pathogens are present in multiple types of matrices. While environmental pathogens can enter the body through direct physical contact, they can also be transmitted through aerosols or interaction with organisms that serve as vectors for the infectious agent, such as mosquitos in the case of Plasmodium falciparum (the infectious agent associated with malaria). Thus, the detection of environmental pathogens often requires analysis of matrices, such as air, and objects, such as the surfaces of biomedical devices or objects within healthcare facilities, that are present in the human environment (Lai et al. 2009)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":904,"end":915},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":904,"end":908},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1270,"end":1274},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A14","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma280556"},{"id":"A15","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135"},{"id":"A16","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135"}],"text":"In addition to foodborne and waterborne pathogens, the detection of environmental pathogens is also an important aspect of healthcare. For example, diseases associated with environmental pathogens are one of the leading causes of death in low-income economies (WHO, 2018a). For example, malaria was reported to cause an estimated 435,000 deaths in 2017 (WHO, 2018b). Environmental pathogens are microorganisms that typically spend a substantial part of their lifecycle outside human hosts, but when introduced to humans through contact or inhalation cause disease with measurable frequency. Thus, environmental pathogens are often targets in medical diagnostics applications. However, here, we choose to distinguish environmental monitoring applications, which require pathogen detection in the environment (e.g., in air or on surfaces), from medical diagnostics applications, which require detection in body fluids. Thus, the distinction is based on the matrix in which the pathogen is present. Similar to food and water safety applications, which require biosensors capable of analyzing pathogen-containing complex matrices, such as a water or food matrix, environmental pathogens are present in multiple types of matrices. While environmental pathogens can enter the body through direct physical contact, they can also be transmitted through aerosols or interaction with organisms that serve as vectors for the infectious agent, such as mosquitos in the case of Plasmodium falciparum (the infectious agent associated with malaria). Thus, the detection of environmental pathogens often requires analysis of matrices, such as air, and objects, such as the surfaces of biomedical devices or objects within healthcare facilities, that are present in the human environment (Lai et al. 2009)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T86","span":{"begin":287,"end":294},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T87","span":{"begin":1414,"end":1424},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T88","span":{"begin":1492,"end":1502},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T89","span":{"begin":1525,"end":1532},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A86","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T86","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005136"},{"id":"A87","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T87","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A88","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T88","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A89","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T89","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005136"}],"text":"In addition to foodborne and waterborne pathogens, the detection of environmental pathogens is also an important aspect of healthcare. For example, diseases associated with environmental pathogens are one of the leading causes of death in low-income economies (WHO, 2018a). For example, malaria was reported to cause an estimated 435,000 deaths in 2017 (WHO, 2018b). Environmental pathogens are microorganisms that typically spend a substantial part of their lifecycle outside human hosts, but when introduced to humans through contact or inhalation cause disease with measurable frequency. Thus, environmental pathogens are often targets in medical diagnostics applications. However, here, we choose to distinguish environmental monitoring applications, which require pathogen detection in the environment (e.g., in air or on surfaces), from medical diagnostics applications, which require detection in body fluids. Thus, the distinction is based on the matrix in which the pathogen is present. Similar to food and water safety applications, which require biosensors capable of analyzing pathogen-containing complex matrices, such as a water or food matrix, environmental pathogens are present in multiple types of matrices. While environmental pathogens can enter the body through direct physical contact, they can also be transmitted through aerosols or interaction with organisms that serve as vectors for the infectious agent, such as mosquitos in the case of Plasmodium falciparum (the infectious agent associated with malaria). Thus, the detection of environmental pathogens often requires analysis of matrices, such as air, and objects, such as the surfaces of biomedical devices or objects within healthcare facilities, that are present in the human environment (Lai et al. 2009)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":431,"end":432},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":477,"end":482},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T104","span":{"begin":513,"end":519},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T105","span":{"begin":904,"end":915},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314"},{"id":"T106","span":{"begin":1135,"end":1136},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T107","span":{"begin":1374,"end":1383},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026"},{"id":"T108","span":{"begin":1374,"end":1383},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468"},{"id":"T109","span":{"begin":1440,"end":1449},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7157"},{"id":"T110","span":{"begin":1636,"end":1643},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030"},{"id":"T111","span":{"begin":1680,"end":1687},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968"},{"id":"T112","span":{"begin":1691,"end":1698},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030"},{"id":"T113","span":{"begin":1753,"end":1758},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"}],"text":"In addition to foodborne and waterborne pathogens, the detection of environmental pathogens is also an important aspect of healthcare. For example, diseases associated with environmental pathogens are one of the leading causes of death in low-income economies (WHO, 2018a). For example, malaria was reported to cause an estimated 435,000 deaths in 2017 (WHO, 2018b). Environmental pathogens are microorganisms that typically spend a substantial part of their lifecycle outside human hosts, but when introduced to humans through contact or inhalation cause disease with measurable frequency. Thus, environmental pathogens are often targets in medical diagnostics applications. However, here, we choose to distinguish environmental monitoring applications, which require pathogen detection in the environment (e.g., in air or on surfaces), from medical diagnostics applications, which require detection in body fluids. Thus, the distinction is based on the matrix in which the pathogen is present. Similar to food and water safety applications, which require biosensors capable of analyzing pathogen-containing complex matrices, such as a water or food matrix, environmental pathogens are present in multiple types of matrices. While environmental pathogens can enter the body through direct physical contact, they can also be transmitted through aerosols or interaction with organisms that serve as vectors for the infectious agent, such as mosquitos in the case of Plasmodium falciparum (the infectious agent associated with malaria). Thus, the detection of environmental pathogens often requires analysis of matrices, such as air, and objects, such as the surfaces of biomedical devices or objects within healthcare facilities, that are present in the human environment (Lai et al. 2009)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T33481","span":{"begin":1016,"end":1021},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T62506","span":{"begin":1137,"end":1142},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A77180","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T33481","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377"},{"id":"A15932","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T62506","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377"}],"text":"In addition to foodborne and waterborne pathogens, the detection of environmental pathogens is also an important aspect of healthcare. For example, diseases associated with environmental pathogens are one of the leading causes of death in low-income economies (WHO, 2018a). For example, malaria was reported to cause an estimated 435,000 deaths in 2017 (WHO, 2018b). Environmental pathogens are microorganisms that typically spend a substantial part of their lifecycle outside human hosts, but when introduced to humans through contact or inhalation cause disease with measurable frequency. Thus, environmental pathogens are often targets in medical diagnostics applications. However, here, we choose to distinguish environmental monitoring applications, which require pathogen detection in the environment (e.g., in air or on surfaces), from medical diagnostics applications, which require detection in body fluids. Thus, the distinction is based on the matrix in which the pathogen is present. Similar to food and water safety applications, which require biosensors capable of analyzing pathogen-containing complex matrices, such as a water or food matrix, environmental pathogens are present in multiple types of matrices. While environmental pathogens can enter the body through direct physical contact, they can also be transmitted through aerosols or interaction with organisms that serve as vectors for the infectious agent, such as mosquitos in the case of Plasmodium falciparum (the infectious agent associated with malaria). Thus, the detection of environmental pathogens often requires analysis of matrices, such as air, and objects, such as the surfaces of biomedical devices or objects within healthcare facilities, that are present in the human environment (Lai et al. 2009)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T943","span":{"begin":0,"end":134},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T944","span":{"begin":135,"end":273},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T945","span":{"begin":274,"end":366},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T946","span":{"begin":367,"end":590},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T947","span":{"begin":591,"end":675},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T948","span":{"begin":676,"end":916},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T949","span":{"begin":917,"end":995},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T950","span":{"begin":996,"end":1225},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T951","span":{"begin":1226,"end":1534},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T952","span":{"begin":1535,"end":1782},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T953","span":{"begin":1783,"end":1789},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"In addition to foodborne and waterborne pathogens, the detection of environmental pathogens is also an important aspect of healthcare. For example, diseases associated with environmental pathogens are one of the leading causes of death in low-income economies (WHO, 2018a). For example, malaria was reported to cause an estimated 435,000 deaths in 2017 (WHO, 2018b). Environmental pathogens are microorganisms that typically spend a substantial part of their lifecycle outside human hosts, but when introduced to humans through contact or inhalation cause disease with measurable frequency. Thus, environmental pathogens are often targets in medical diagnostics applications. However, here, we choose to distinguish environmental monitoring applications, which require pathogen detection in the environment (e.g., in air or on surfaces), from medical diagnostics applications, which require detection in body fluids. Thus, the distinction is based on the matrix in which the pathogen is present. Similar to food and water safety applications, which require biosensors capable of analyzing pathogen-containing complex matrices, such as a water or food matrix, environmental pathogens are present in multiple types of matrices. While environmental pathogens can enter the body through direct physical contact, they can also be transmitted through aerosols or interaction with organisms that serve as vectors for the infectious agent, such as mosquitos in the case of Plasmodium falciparum (the infectious agent associated with malaria). Thus, the detection of environmental pathogens often requires analysis of matrices, such as air, and objects, such as the surfaces of biomedical devices or objects within healthcare facilities, that are present in the human environment (Lai et al. 2009)."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32364936-20102582-7713159","span":{"begin":1783,"end":1787},"obj":"20102582"}],"text":"In addition to foodborne and waterborne pathogens, the detection of environmental pathogens is also an important aspect of healthcare. For example, diseases associated with environmental pathogens are one of the leading causes of death in low-income economies (WHO, 2018a). For example, malaria was reported to cause an estimated 435,000 deaths in 2017 (WHO, 2018b). Environmental pathogens are microorganisms that typically spend a substantial part of their lifecycle outside human hosts, but when introduced to humans through contact or inhalation cause disease with measurable frequency. Thus, environmental pathogens are often targets in medical diagnostics applications. However, here, we choose to distinguish environmental monitoring applications, which require pathogen detection in the environment (e.g., in air or on surfaces), from medical diagnostics applications, which require detection in body fluids. Thus, the distinction is based on the matrix in which the pathogen is present. Similar to food and water safety applications, which require biosensors capable of analyzing pathogen-containing complex matrices, such as a water or food matrix, environmental pathogens are present in multiple types of matrices. While environmental pathogens can enter the body through direct physical contact, they can also be transmitted through aerosols or interaction with organisms that serve as vectors for the infectious agent, such as mosquitos in the case of Plasmodium falciparum (the infectious agent associated with malaria). Thus, the detection of environmental pathogens often requires analysis of matrices, such as air, and objects, such as the surfaces of biomedical devices or objects within healthcare facilities, that are present in the human environment (Lai et al. 2009)."}