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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
2 34-42 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
3 56-86 Disease denotes COVID-19 Coronavirus infection MESH:C000657245
12 199-206 Species denotes Patient Tax:9606
13 249-257 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
14 412-420 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
15 267-275 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
16 449-457 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
17 458-467 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
18 532-541 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
19 654-664 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
22 774-781 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
23 881-888 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
25 953-960 Species denotes Patient Tax:9606
29 1019-1027 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
30 1160-1168 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
31 1169-1178 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
34 1257-1265 Species denotes Patients Tax:9606
35 1382-1389 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
37 2351-2358 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
39 2835-2842 Disease denotes fatigue MESH:D005221
41 4208-4214 Chemical denotes oxygen MESH:D010100
43 4639-4645 Chemical denotes oxygen MESH:D010100
45 4833-4836 Gene denotes zip Gene:1613
47 4947-4950 Gene denotes zip Gene:1613
49 5089-5103 Chemical denotes carbon dioxide MESH:D002245

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 3304-3308 Body_part denotes body http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135
T2 3346-3350 Body_part denotes face http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728
T3 4082-4086 Body_part denotes face http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728
T4 4134-4138 Body_part denotes face http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728
T5 4605-4609 Body_part denotes face http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728
T6 5288-5292 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T7 5695-5699 Body_part denotes body http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135
T8 5733-5737 Body_part denotes hair http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma53667
T9 5741-5745 Body_part denotes face http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728
T10 6135-6139 Body_part denotes Shin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24985

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 1509-1513 Body_part denotes tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025
T2 2255-2259 Body_part denotes tube http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025
T3 3346-3350 Body_part denotes face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456
T4 3459-3464 Body_part denotes hands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T5 4082-4086 Body_part denotes face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456
T6 4134-4138 Body_part denotes face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456
T7 4605-4609 Body_part denotes face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456
T8 5288-5292 Body_part denotes hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T9 5661-5666 Body_part denotes hands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T10 5741-5745 Body_part denotes face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456
T11 5753-5758 Body_part denotes hands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 2835-2842 Phenotype denotes fatigue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012378

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 56-64 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T2 77-86 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T3 114-123 Disease denotes Infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T4 267-275 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T5 449-457 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T6 458-467 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T7 532-541 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T8 654-664 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T9 1160-1168 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T10 1169-1178 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 1092-1093 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T2 1417-1418 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T3 1445-1446 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T4 1509-1513 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025 denotes tube
T5 1630-1635 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T6 1677-1678 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T7 1875-1876 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T8 1903-1904 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T9 2101-2102 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T10 2175-2176 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T11 2255-2259 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000025 denotes tube
T12 2969-2972 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002807 denotes don
T13 3346-3350 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes face
T14 3486-3487 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T15 3732-3733 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T16 3802-3807 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T17 3963-3970 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes devices
T18 4017-4018 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T19 4082-4086 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes face
T20 4134-4138 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes face
T21 4339-4344 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T22 4463-4464 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T23 4506-4507 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T24 4521-4527 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001005 denotes airway
T25 4603-4604 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T26 4605-4609 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes face
T27 4679-4686 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes devices
T28 4716-4721 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T29 4789-4795 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001005 denotes airway
T30 5190-5201 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000968 denotes instruments
T31 5741-5745 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes face
T32 6661-6664 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002421 denotes Cho
T33 6661-6664 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052479 denotes Cho
T34 6661-6664 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052480 denotes Cho
T35 6661-6664 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052483 denotes Cho
T36 6661-6664 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052484 denotes Cho
T37 6661-6664 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0052485 denotes Cho

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 2086-2097 Chemical denotes application http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232
T2 3765-3782 Chemical denotes local anesthetics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36333
T3 3771-3782 Chemical denotes anesthetics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38867
T4 4208-4214 Chemical denotes oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25805
T5 4639-4645 Chemical denotes oxygen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25805
T6 5089-5103 Chemical denotes carbon dioxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16526
T7 5089-5095 Chemical denotes carbon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27594|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33415
T9 5865-5867 Chemical denotes Ho http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49648
T10 6985-6987 Chemical denotes Ko http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59348

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 961-970 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 denotes transport
T2 1514-1522 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015297 denotes exchange
T3 4100-4109 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007585 denotes breathing

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-86 Sentence denotes Recommendations for anesthesia in patients suspected of COVID-19 Coronavirus infection
T2 87-123 Sentence denotes Anesthesia for Coronavirus Infection
T3 125-397 Sentence denotes The following guidelines are based on recommendations from the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation (APSF) for working with patients who have COVID-19 [1] and the other literature [2-5], and can be modified and adapted to the circumstances of each institution or hospital.
T4 398-542 Sentence denotes When managing patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection, it is of utmost importance to protect health care workers from infection.
T5 543-665 Sentence denotes All medical personnel must be provided with personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent droplet and contact infections.
T6 666-764 Sentence denotes Medical staff and institutions should establish procedural protocols for donning and removing PPE.
T7 765-951 Sentence denotes Prior to patient treatment, staff must identify and review the in-hospital procedural protocols, and plan ahead for patient transfer, anesthesia work environment, and anesthesia methods.
T8 953-1003 Sentence denotes Patient transport and operating room managing plan
T9 1004-1056 Sentence denotes • Do not allow patients to stay in the holding area.
T10 1057-1141 Sentence denotes Treatment should be carried out in a pre-allocated negative pressure operating room.
T11 1142-1254 Sentence denotes Warning signs for COVID-19 infection should be posted in front of the operating room to minimize staff exposure.
T12 1255-1330 Sentence denotes • Patients should not stay in the recovery room or postoperative care unit.
T13 1331-1481 Sentence denotes After complete recovery in the operating room, the patient should be transferred into a negative pressure room in a ward or intensive care unit (ICU).
T14 1482-1636 Sentence denotes • Endotracheal intubation, tube exchange, and extubation are high-risk procedures that can expose healthcare workers to respiratory droplets of the virus.
T15 1637-1788 Sentence denotes These procedures must be carried out in a location where negative pressure is applied such as negative pressure room, and special care should be taken.
T16 1789-1973 Sentence denotes • Depending on the clinical situation, performing an endotracheal intubation early in a negative pressure room in a ward or ICU, rather than in an operating room, should be considered.
T17 1974-2172 Sentence denotes • If it is determined that the degree of negative pressure in the environment is not sufficient, the additional application of a portable high-efficiency particulate air filter should be considered.
T18 2173-2369 Sentence denotes • A highly efficient hydrophobic filter should be placed between the endotracheal tube and the reservoir bag, to prevent atmospheric contamination by respiratory droplets during patient transfers.
T19 2371-2389 Sentence denotes Anesthesia Process
T20 2391-2393 Sentence denotes 1.
T21 2394-2417 Sentence denotes Preparation of manpower
T22 2418-2526 Sentence denotes • Assign the most experienced anesthesia professionals to practitioners performing endotracheal intubations.
T23 2527-2615 Sentence denotes Inexperienced trainees should not perform endotracheal intubation for training purposes.
T24 2616-2747 Sentence denotes • Assign experienced assistants who can perform techniques such as cricoid pressure when performing rapid sequence induction (RSI).
T25 2748-2843 Sentence denotes • Consider allowing anesthesia teams to be replaced at least every 2 hours, to prevent fatigue.
T26 2845-2847 Sentence denotes 2.
T27 2848-2918 Sentence denotes Preparation before anesthesia and use of personal protective equipment
T28 2919-2977 Sentence denotes • Allow sufficient time for all staff involved to don PPE.
T29 2978-3031 Sentence denotes It may take more than 5 minutes to properly wear PPE.
T30 3032-3116 Sentence denotes • Early planning and implementation of endotracheal intubation should be considered.
T31 3117-3281 Sentence denotes In the event of an unexpected emergency endotracheal intubation, PPE cannot be adequately donned; therefore, early implementation should be performed when possible.
T32 3282-3419 Sentence denotes • Protective coverall/body suits, N95 masks, disposable goggles/face shields, disposable shoe covers, and disposable gloves must be worn.
T33 3420-3483 Sentence denotes Use the double glove technique on both hands to reduce contact.
T34 3484-3626 Sentence denotes • A powered air-purifying respirator should be worn by healthcare workers who are involved in endotracheal intubation or extubation processes.
T35 3628-3630 Sentence denotes 3.
T36 3631-3664 Sentence denotes Selection of intubation technique
T37 3665-3755 Sentence denotes • Awake fiberoptic intubation should not be performed unless it is a necessary indication.
T38 3756-3831 Sentence denotes Spraying local anesthetics can aerosolize the virus, and should be avoided.
T39 3832-3934 Sentence denotes • Consider using video laryngoscopes to increase the likelihood of successful endotracheal intubation.
T40 3935-3986 Sentence denotes • Consider using disposable devices for intubation.
T41 3988-3990 Sentence denotes 4.
T42 3991-4014 Sentence denotes Endotracheal intubation
T43 4015-4166 Sentence denotes • A high-efficiency hydrophobic filter must be applied between the face mask and the breathing circuit, or between the face mask and the reservoir bag.
T44 4167-4235 Sentence denotes • Preoxygenation for 5 minutes with 100% oxygen should be performed.
T45 4236-4359 Sentence denotes • RSI should be performed to limit procedures such as manual ventilation, which can spread aerosolized virus into the room.
T46 4360-4427 Sentence denotes • The method of RSI can be modified to suit the clinical situation.
T47 4428-4615 Sentence denotes If manual ventilation is required, a small tidal volume may be considered, or a supraglottic airway may be inserted to provide ventilation instead of manual ventilation using a face mask.
T48 4616-4722 Sentence denotes • Do not use high-flow oxygen, such as high-flow nasal cannula devices, as these can aerosolize the virus.
T49 4724-4726 Sentence denotes 5.
T50 4727-4777 Sentence denotes Equipment management after endotracheal intubation
T51 4778-4898 Sentence denotes • All used airway equipment should be placed in double zip-locked plastic bags and removed for disposal or disinfection.
T52 4899-5076 Sentence denotes • Used laryngoscopes should be sealed in double zip-locked plastic bags as soon as the endotracheal intubation is complete, to prevent further contamination of the surroundings.
T53 5077-5146 Sentence denotes • End-tidal carbon dioxide sample lines and traps should be replaced.
T54 5147-5268 Sentence denotes • Take care to avoid contaminating various instruments in the operating room, such as stethoscopes, pens, and telephones.
T55 5270-5272 Sentence denotes 6.
T56 5273-5330 Sentence denotes Undressing and hand washing after endotracheal intubation
T57 5331-5485 Sentence denotes • Consider preparing additional isolation rooms as contaminated areas next to the operating room to remove and dispose of PPE in accordance with protocol.
T58 5486-5648 Sentence denotes If it is difficult to obtain an additional isolation room, use the space inside or immediately outside the operating room to remove PPE according to the protocol.
T59 5649-5686 Sentence denotes • Wash your hands after removing PPE.
T60 5687-5770 Sentence denotes • Avoid body contact, including touching your hair or face, until hands are washed.
T61 5772-6720 Sentence denotes We thank the members of Scientific Committee in the Korean Society of Anesthesiologists; Eun-Ho Lee (University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul), Hyungseok Seo (Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul), Sun Young Park (Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul), Jin-Tae Kim (Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul), Seo-kyung Shin (Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul), Jinseok Yeo (Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu), Dong-Kyu Lee (Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul), Jong-Hwan Lee (Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul), WooSuk Chung (Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon), Geun Joo Choi (Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul), Jae Hee Woo (Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul), Ji Su Jang (Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon), Ah-Reum Cho (Pusan National University College of Medicine, Busan).
T62 6721-6742 Sentence denotes Conflicts of Interest
T63 6743-6815 Sentence denotes No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.
T64 6816-6836 Sentence denotes Author Contributions
T65 6837-6968 Sentence denotes Hyun Joo Kim (Investigation; Project administration; Supervision; Validation; Writing – original draft; Writing – review & editing)
T66 6969-7054 Sentence denotes Justin Sangwook Ko (Validation; Writing – original draft; Writing – review & editing)
T67 7055-7175 Sentence denotes Tae-Yop Kim (Conceptualization; Project administration; Resources; Writing – original draft; Writing – review & editing)