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PMC:7102553 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
2 34-39 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
3 0-8 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
7 112-129 Species denotes novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
8 238-251 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
9 131-139 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
15 421-426 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
16 391-398 Chemical denotes Glucose MESH:D005947
17 333-341 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
18 519-527 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
19 580-584 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
24 861-866 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
25 959-964 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
26 1004-1015 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
27 747-759 Chemical denotes cyclic Pep42
31 1212-1217 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
32 1259-1264 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
33 1400-1408 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
56 1475-1481 Species denotes people Tax:9606
57 2014-2028 Species denotes COVID-19 virus Tax:2697049
58 2142-2148 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
59 2281-2292 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
60 2781-2786 Species denotes human Tax:9606
61 2790-2795 Species denotes human Tax:9606
62 2816-2831 Species denotes new coronavirus Tax:2697049
63 1542-1546 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
64 1552-1561 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
65 1622-1630 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
66 1809-1817 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
67 1821-1829 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
68 1962-1971 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
69 2417-2425 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
70 2672-2678 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
71 2872-2880 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
72 2944-2952 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
73 2970-2975 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
74 2977-2984 Disease denotes malaise MESH:D005221
75 2986-2995 Disease denotes dry cough MESH:D003371
76 2997-3016 Disease denotes shortness of breath MESH:D004417
77 3022-3042 Disease denotes respiratory distress MESH:D012128
104 3069-3086 Species denotes Betacoronaviruses Tax:694002
105 3104-3109 Species denotes human Tax:9606
106 3110-3123 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
107 3160-3177 Species denotes human coronavirus Tax:694448
108 3220-3225 Species denotes Human Tax:9606
109 3226-3239 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
110 3354-3371 Species denotes Betacoronaviruses Tax:694002
111 3435-3448 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
112 3257-3261 Species denotes 229E Tax:11137
113 3266-3270 Species denotes NL63 Tax:277944
114 3310-3314 Species denotes OC43 Tax:31631
115 3316-3320 Species denotes HKU1 Tax:290028
116 3045-3053 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
117 3124-3128 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
118 3133-3137 Disease denotes MERS MESH:D018352
119 3322-3326 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
120 3328-3332 Disease denotes MERS MESH:D018352
121 3338-3346 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
122 3384-3388 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
123 3393-3397 Disease denotes MERS MESH:D018352
124 3480-3486 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
125 3510-3519 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
126 3530-3534 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
127 3539-3543 Disease denotes MERS MESH:D018352
128 3598-3606 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
129 3616-3625 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
132 4003-4007 Gene denotes nsp3 Gene:10044
133 3877-3890 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
146 4254-4259 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
147 4296-4299 Gene denotes BiP Gene:3309
148 4459-4464 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
149 4823-4828 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
150 5025-5030 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
151 5098-5103 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
152 5205-5210 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
153 5397-5402 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
154 4223-4230 Chemical denotes Glucose MESH:D005947
155 5347-5361 Chemical denotes cyclic peptide MESH:D010456
156 4582-4587 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
157 5449-5455 Disease denotes cancer MESH:D009369
168 5667-5672 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
169 5695-5700 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
170 5954-5959 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
171 6110-6115 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
172 5753-5761 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
173 5762-5773 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
174 5501-5509 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
175 5710-5718 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
176 5861-5869 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
177 6075-6083 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
181 6161-6166 Species denotes human Tax:9606
182 6167-6180 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
183 6537-6545 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
192 6820-6825 Species denotes human Tax:9606
193 6826-6839 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
194 6666-6674 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
195 6721-6725 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
196 6794-6802 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
197 6881-6889 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
198 6933-6937 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
199 6964-6972 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
207 7267-7272 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
208 7681-7686 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
209 7163-7171 Chemical denotes Cysteine MESH:D003545
210 7196-7205 Chemical denotes disulfide MESH:D004220
211 7058-7066 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
212 7433-7441 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
213 7619-7627 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
226 8017-8022 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
227 8109-8114 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
228 8467-8472 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
229 8543-8548 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
230 8346-8353 Species denotes HADDOCK Tax:8056
231 8878-8885 Species denotes HADDOCK Tax:8056
232 9120-9127 Species denotes HADDOCK Tax:8056
233 8124-8127 Chemical denotes ATP MESH:D000255
234 8288-8293 Chemical denotes water MESH:D014867
235 7970-7978 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
236 8426-8434 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
237 8691-8699 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
244 9184-9189 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
245 9530-9535 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
246 9451-9458 Species denotes HADDOCK Tax:8056
247 9156-9161 Chemical denotes Pep42
248 9359-9364 Chemical denotes Pep42
249 9485-9490 Chemical denotes Pep42
251 9906-9911 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
264 11368-11373 Species denotes human Tax:9606
265 11374-11387 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
266 11419-11423 Species denotes NL63 Tax:277944
267 11425-11429 Species denotes 229E Tax:11137
268 11431-11435 Species denotes OC43 Tax:31631
269 11441-11445 Species denotes HKU1 Tax:290028
270 11397-11405 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
271 11407-11411 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
272 11413-11417 Disease denotes MERS MESH:D018352
273 11727-11735 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
274 12047-12051 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
275 12088-12096 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
291 10985-10990 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
292 10145-10150 Species denotes human Tax:9606
293 10151-10164 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
294 10166-10170 Species denotes 229E Tax:11137
295 10172-10176 Species denotes NL63 Tax:277944
296 10178-10182 Species denotes OC43 Tax:31631
297 10184-10188 Species denotes HKU1 Tax:290028
298 10651-10654 Chemical denotes MSA
299 10770-10779 Chemical denotes disulfide MESH:D004220
300 10862-10871 Chemical denotes disulfide MESH:D004220
301 11053-11063 Chemical denotes disulfides MESH:D004220
302 10190-10194 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
303 10196-10200 Disease denotes MERS MESH:D018352
304 10206-10214 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
305 10337-10345 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
317 12360-12364 Species denotes OC43 Tax:31631
318 12372-12376 Species denotes HKU1 Tax:290028
319 12378-12382 Species denotes 229E Tax:11137
320 12388-12392 Species denotes NL63 Tax:277944
321 12259-12263 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
322 12309-12317 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
323 12366-12370 Disease denotes MERS MESH:D018352
324 12467-12475 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
325 12536-12544 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
326 12576-12580 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
327 12665-12678 Disease denotes axis rotation MESH:D009069
336 12895-12900 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
337 12944-12949 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
338 13328-13333 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
339 12837-12842 Chemical denotes Pep42
340 13253-13262 Chemical denotes disulfide MESH:D004220
341 13280-13294 Chemical denotes cyclic peptide MESH:D010456
342 12904-12910 Disease denotes cancer MESH:D009369
343 13042-13050 Disease denotes rigidity MESH:D009127
350 13352-13361 Chemical denotes disulfide MESH:D004220
351 13464-13476 Chemical denotes cyclic Pep42
352 13492-13502 Chemical denotes disulfides MESH:D004220
353 13375-13383 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
354 13687-13691 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
355 13696-13700 Disease denotes MERS MESH:D018352
358 14900-14908 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
359 15314-15322 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
362 16106-16111 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
363 15991-15996 Chemical denotes Pep42
366 17250-17255 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
367 16931-16939 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
373 16557-16562 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
374 16833-16838 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
375 16470-16475 Chemical denotes Pep42
376 16476-16490 Chemical denotes cyclic peptide MESH:D010456
377 16167-16175 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
384 17521-17526 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
385 17685-17690 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
386 17724-17729 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
387 18477-18482 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
388 17582-17589 Species denotes HADDOCK Tax:8056
389 17527-17535 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
392 19258-19263 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
393 19284-19292 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
398 18765-18770 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
399 18898-18903 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
400 19153-19158 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
401 18821-18829 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
410 20773-20778 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
411 20824-20829 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
412 20644-20651 Species denotes HADDOCK Tax:8056
413 21068-21088 CellLine denotes F464E516E516K356N354 CVCL:8004
414 21194-21222 CellLine denotes V429V490V453V429F451V453F451 CVCL:5401
415 21341-21353 CellLine denotes V429V429T441 CVCL:5401
416 21407-21423 CellLine denotes V429S452S452T458 CVCL:X053
417 21426-21442 CellLine denotes E484E484F486T478 CVCL:S289
421 20584-20589 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
422 20613-20620 Species denotes HADDOCK Tax:8056
423 20558-20566 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
428 19591-19596 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
429 19802-19807 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
430 20163-20168 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
431 19560-19568 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
437 22517-22522 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
438 22653-22658 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
439 22880-22885 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
440 22546-22554 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
441 22834-22842 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
450 21509-21514 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
451 21688-21693 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
452 21828-21833 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
453 22116-22121 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
454 22281-22286 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
455 22361-22366 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
456 21564-21575 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
457 22224-22232 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
459 23428-23433 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
470 23678-23683 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
471 23786-23791 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
472 24026-24031 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
473 24204-24209 Gene denotes GRP78 Gene:3309
474 23736-23744 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
475 23828-23843 Disease denotes viral infection MESH:D001102
476 23880-23888 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
477 23924-23939 Disease denotes viral infection MESH:D001102
478 24003-24011 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
479 24155-24164 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239

LitCovid_Glycan-Motif-Structure

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 391-398 https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G15021LG denotes Glucose
T2 4223-4230 https://glytoucan.org/Structures/Glycans/G15021LG denotes Glucose

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 20-24 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T2 154-158 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T3 227-234 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T4 287-291 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T5 368-380 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T6 368-372 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T7 391-398 Body_part denotes Glucose http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82743
T8 409-416 Body_part denotes Protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T9 534-541 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T10 761-768 Body_part denotes Protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T11 769-776 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T12 1022-1029 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T13 1057-1061 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T14 1194-1201 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T15 3761-3764 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T16 3788-3796 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T17 3828-3836 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T18 3974-3982 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T19 4052-4059 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T20 4135-4140 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T21 4223-4230 Body_part denotes Glucose http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82743
T22 4242-4249 Body_part denotes Protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T23 4272-4286 Body_part denotes immunoglobulin http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T24 4287-4294 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T25 4325-4332 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T26 4349-4356 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T27 4394-4402 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T28 4481-4515 Body_part denotes lumen of the Endoplasmic Reticulum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84806
T29 4494-4515 Body_part denotes Endoplasmic Reticulum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63842
T30 4517-4519 Body_part denotes ER http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63842
T31 4577-4581 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T32 4668-4675 Body_part denotes Protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T33 4683-4686 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T34 4692-4713 Body_part denotes Endoplasmic Reticulum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63842
T35 4813-4821 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T36 4903-4910 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T37 5054-5058 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T38 5114-5116 Body_part denotes ER http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63842
T39 5150-5163 Body_part denotes cell membrane http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63841
T40 5150-5154 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T41 5190-5203 Body_part denotes cell membrane http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63841
T42 5190-5194 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T43 5328-5332 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T44 5456-5461 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T45 5490-5497 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T46 5553-5560 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T47 5876-5883 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T48 6097-6109 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T49 6097-6101 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T50 6121-6125 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T51 6194-6202 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T52 6552-6559 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T53 6593-6601 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T54 6783-6790 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T55 7073-7080 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T56 7163-7171 Body_part denotes Cysteine http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82751
T57 8706-8713 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T58 8795-8803 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T59 8911-8921 Body_part denotes amino acid http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739
T60 8956-8964 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T61 9032-9039 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T62 9280-9287 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T63 9625-9632 Body_part denotes Protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T64 10222-10230 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T65 10482-10487 Body_part denotes helix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma60992
T66 10901-10908 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T67 10972-10984 Body_part denotes cell surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T68 10972-10976 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T69 11024-11031 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T70 11201-11208 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T71 11327-11334 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T72 11915-11922 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T73 12270-12277 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T74 12665-12669 Body_part denotes axis http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma12520
T75 12882-12894 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T76 12882-12886 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T77 12911-12916 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T78 13161-13163 Body_part denotes V3 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma13442
T79 13173-13176 Body_part denotes V10 http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma13292
T80 13390-13397 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T81 14915-14922 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T82 15296-15303 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T83 16093-16105 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T84 16093-16097 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T85 16182-16189 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T86 16402-16406 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T87 16544-16556 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T88 16544-16548 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T89 16914-16921 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T90 17141-17145 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T91 17237-17249 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T92 17237-17241 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T93 17542-17549 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T94 19058-19066 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T95 19187-19191 Body_part denotes head http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7154
T96 19195-19199 Body_part denotes head http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7154
T97 19575-19582 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T98 20547-20554 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T99 20571-20583 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T100 20571-20575 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T101 21708-21716 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T102 21976-21984 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T103 22046-22050 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T104 22052-22070 Body_part denotes respiratory system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7158
T105 22071-22076 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T106 22093-22105 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T107 22093-22097 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T108 22209-22216 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T109 22244-22262 Body_part denotes respiratory system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7158
T110 22263-22267 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T111 22287-22294 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T112 22350-22355 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T113 22410-22431 Body_part denotes Endoplasmic Reticulum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63842
T114 22433-22435 Body_part denotes ER http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63842
T115 22444-22457 Body_part denotes cell membrane http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63841
T116 22444-22448 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T117 22512-22516 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T118 22632-22643 Body_part denotes amino acids http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739
T119 22693-22700 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T120 22867-22879 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T121 22867-22871 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T122 22920-22927 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T123 23116-23123 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T124 23384-23391 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T125 23478-23485 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T126 23583-23587 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T127 23611-23615 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T128 23665-23677 Body_part denotes cell-surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T129 23665-23669 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T130 23751-23758 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T131 23772-23776 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T132 23895-23902 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T133 24018-24025 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T134 24413-24421 Body_part denotes Appendix http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14542

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 10482-10487 Body_part denotes helix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002488
T2 19187-19191 Body_part denotes head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033
T3 19195-19199 Body_part denotes head http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033
T4 22052-22070 Body_part denotes respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001004
T5 22244-22262 Body_part denotes respiratory system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001004

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 0-8 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T2 131-139 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T3 333-341 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T4 519-527 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T5 580-584 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T6 1400-1408 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T7 1542-1546 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T8 1552-1561 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T9 1962-1971 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T10 2014-2022 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T11 2417-2425 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T12 2872-2880 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T13 2944-2952 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T14 3045-3053 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T15 3124-3128 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T16 3322-3326 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T17 3338-3346 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T18 3384-3388 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T19 3530-3534 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T20 3598-3606 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T21 5449-5455 Disease denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004992
T22 5501-5509 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T23 5710-5718 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T24 5861-5869 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T25 6075-6083 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T26 6313-6316 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T28 6491-6494 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T30 6537-6545 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T31 6666-6674 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T32 6721-6725 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T33 6794-6802 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T34 6881-6889 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T35 6933-6937 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T36 6964-6972 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T37 7058-7066 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T38 7433-7441 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T39 7619-7627 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T40 7970-7978 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T41 8426-8434 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T42 8691-8699 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T43 10122-10125 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T45 10190-10194 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T46 10206-10214 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T47 10337-10345 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T48 10389-10392 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T50 10536-10539 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T52 10651-10654 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T54 10854-10857 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T56 11105-11108 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T58 11183-11186 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T60 11397-11405 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T61 11407-11411 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T62 11715-11718 Disease denotes MSA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007803|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010892
T64 11727-11735 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T65 12047-12051 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T66 12088-12096 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T67 12259-12263 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T68 12309-12317 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T69 12467-12475 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T70 12536-12544 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T71 12576-12580 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T72 12904-12910 Disease denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004992
T73 13375-13383 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T74 13687-13691 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T75 14900-14908 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T76 15314-15322 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T77 16167-16175 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T78 16931-16939 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T79 17527-17535 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T80 18821-18829 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T81 19284-19292 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T82 19560-19568 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T83 20558-20566 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T84 22224-22232 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T85 22546-22554 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T86 22834-22842 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T87 23736-23744 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T88 23828-23843 Disease denotes viral infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005108
T89 23834-23843 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T90 23880-23888 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T91 23924-23939 Disease denotes viral infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005108
T92 23930-23939 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T93 24003-24011 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T94 24155-24164 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 20-24 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T2 83-93 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 denotes Objectives
T3 154-158 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T4 287-291 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T5 368-372 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T6 802-806 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T7 1057-1061 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T8 1586-1598 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes Organization
T9 1919-1926 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T10 2004-2009 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799 denotes 4 , 5
T11 2023-2028 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T12 2074-2080 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T13 2090-2091 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T14 2092-2095 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T15 2142-2148 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T16 2173-2179 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T17 2387-2389 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T18 2531-2532 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T19 2781-2786 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T20 2790-2795 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T21 2843-2846 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050884 denotes Ten
T22 2884-2885 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T23 3057-3058 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T24 3104-3109 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T25 3160-3165 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T26 3220-3225 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes Human
T27 3373-3378 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 1 , 8
T28 3459-3462 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T29 3561-3563 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T30 3587-3589 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T31 3607-3610 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T32 3611-3614 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001562 denotes a 2
T33 3611-3614 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001563 denotes a 2
T34 3644-3645 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T35 3687-3692 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T36 3765-3772 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T37 4063-4064 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T38 4096-4101 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T39 4135-4140 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T40 4189-4190 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T41 4423-4425 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T42 4577-4581 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T43 4626-4636 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes Activating
T44 4777-4778 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T45 4877-4887 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activation
T46 4988-4998 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activation
T47 5054-5058 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T48 5150-5154 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T49 5155-5163 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T50 5190-5194 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T51 5195-5203 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T52 5229-5234 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T53 5309-5314 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T54 5328-5332 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T55 5345-5346 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T56 5354-5361 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T57 5367-5370 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T58 5456-5461 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T59 5571-5573 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T60 5633-5641 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test its
T61 6097-6101 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T62 6121-6125 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T63 6161-6166 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T64 6640-6641 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T65 6714-6716 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T66 6820-6825 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T67 6853-6854 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T68 7194-7195 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T69 7240-7241 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T70 7318-7325 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T71 7383-7390 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T72 7771-7779 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptides
T73 7917-7921 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes test
T74 8549-8555 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T75 8666-8672 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T76 8795-8817 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33708 denotes proteins, the residues
T77 8834-8840 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T78 8887-8893 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes Active
T79 8911-8930 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33708 denotes amino acid residues
T80 8911-8930 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000036907 denotes amino acid residues
T81 9132-9134 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 34
T82 9136-9138 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000 denotes 35
T83 9140-9142 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T84 9165-9171 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T85 9418-9419 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T86 10073-10074 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T87 10145-10150 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T88 10972-10976 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T89 11072-11076 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 3, 4
T90 11172-11173 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T91 11258-11260 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050 denotes S1
T92 11270-11271 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T93 11368-11373 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T94 12016-12017 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T95 12654-12655 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T96 12882-12886 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T97 12911-12916 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T98 12950-12953 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T99 13082-13089 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T100 13157-13159 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051741 denotes C1
T101 13161-13163 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050428 denotes V3
T102 13169-13171 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007191 denotes L5
T103 13287-13294 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T104 13576-13585 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes faces the
T105 13614-13615 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T106 13628-13631 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T107 13917-13920 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001236 denotes 2 A
T108 14275-14277 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001236 denotes 2A
T109 14584-14587 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T110 14828-14833 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001236 denotes 2 (A)
T111 15215-15216 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T112 15337-15344 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T113 15419-15426 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T114 15747-15754 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T115 15873-15876 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T116 15877-15878 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T117 15922-15925 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T118 15926-15927 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T119 15997-16000 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T120 16001-16002 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T121 16093-16097 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T122 16132-16133 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T123 16215-16216 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T124 16384-16394 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes facing the
T125 16402-16406 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T126 16411-16414 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T127 16415-16416 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T128 16483-16490 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 denotes peptide
T129 16544-16548 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T130 16884-16885 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T131 16995-16996 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T132 17009-17010 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T133 17141-17145 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T134 17237-17241 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T135 17311-17312 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T136 17741-17747 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T137 17809-17815 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T138 17932-17938 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T139 18091-18097 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T140 18425-18431 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T141 18488-18494 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes active
T142 18614-18615 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T143 19185-19186 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T144 19187-19191 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033 denotes head
T145 19187-19191 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000964 denotes head
T146 19195-19199 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000033 denotes head
T147 19195-19199 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000964 denotes head
T148 19334-19335 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T149 19361-19362 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T150 19814-19815 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T151 20571-20575 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T152 20856-20858 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T153 21467-21468 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T154 21895-21902 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225 denotes labeled
T155 22014-22019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T156 22046-22050 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T157 22052-22070 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001004 denotes respiratory system
T158 22071-22076 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T159 22093-22097 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T160 22137-22138 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T161 22242-22243 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T162 22244-22262 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001004 denotes respiratory system
T163 22263-22267 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T164 22350-22355 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T165 22444-22448 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T166 22449-22457 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T167 22471-22472 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T168 22512-22516 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T169 22729-22736 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225 denotes labeled
T170 22794-22795 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes B
T171 22867-22871 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T172 23258-23260 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T173 23549-23554 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T174 23583-23587 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T175 23589-23590 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T176 23611-23615 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T177 23642-23649 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T178 23665-23669 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T179 23772-23776 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T180 23858-23859 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T181 24001-24002 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 227-234 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T2 391-398 Chemical denotes Glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17234|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4167|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_42758
T5 409-416 Chemical denotes Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16541
T6 534-541 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T7 761-768 Chemical denotes Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16541
T8 769-776 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T9 1022-1029 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T10 1166-1168 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T11 1194-1201 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T12 1226-1228 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T13 3788-3796 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T14 3828-3836 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T15 3974-3982 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T16 4052-4059 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T17 4223-4230 Chemical denotes Glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17234|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4167|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_42758
T20 4242-4249 Chemical denotes Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16541
T21 4287-4294 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T22 4325-4332 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T23 4349-4356 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T24 4394-4402 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T25 4668-4675 Chemical denotes Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16541
T26 4722-4726 Chemical denotes PERK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17300
T27 4733-4741 Chemical denotes Inositol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17268
T28 4813-4821 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T29 4844-4848 Chemical denotes PERK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17300
T30 4903-4910 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T31 5347-5361 Chemical denotes cyclic peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23449
T32 5354-5361 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T33 5490-5497 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T34 5553-5560 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T35 5876-5883 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T36 6194-6202 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T37 6552-6559 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T38 6593-6601 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T39 6742-6744 Chemical denotes ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141439
T40 6783-6790 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T41 7073-7080 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T42 7163-7171 Chemical denotes Cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15356
T43 7196-7205 Chemical denotes disulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343
T44 7311-7325 Chemical denotes cyclic peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23449
T45 7318-7325 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T46 7383-7390 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T47 7771-7779 Chemical denotes peptides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T48 8124-8127 Chemical denotes ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15422|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30616
T50 8288-8293 Chemical denotes water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377
T51 8294-8298 Chemical denotes ions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870
T52 8307-8313 Chemical denotes ligand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52214
T53 8706-8713 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T54 8795-8803 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T55 8911-8921 Chemical denotes amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709
T56 8911-8916 Chemical denotes amino http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882
T57 8917-8921 Chemical denotes acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T58 8956-8964 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T59 9032-9039 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T60 9280-9287 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T61 9625-9632 Chemical denotes Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16541
T62 10222-10230 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T63 10506-10510 Chemical denotes beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545
T64 10770-10779 Chemical denotes disulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343
T65 10862-10871 Chemical denotes disulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343
T66 10901-10908 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T67 11024-11031 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T68 11053-11063 Chemical denotes disulfides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35489|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343
T70 11127-11134 Chemical denotes magenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87661
T71 11201-11208 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T72 11327-11334 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T73 11915-11922 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T74 11952-11959 Chemical denotes magenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87661
T75 11984-11986 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T76 11997-11999 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T77 12270-12277 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T78 12602-12604 Chemical denotes ID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141439
T79 13082-13089 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T80 13253-13262 Chemical denotes disulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343
T81 13280-13294 Chemical denotes cyclic peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23449
T82 13287-13294 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T83 13352-13361 Chemical denotes disulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343
T84 13390-13397 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T85 13492-13502 Chemical denotes disulfides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35489|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48343
T87 13783-13785 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T88 13861-13863 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T89 14231-14233 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T90 14239-14241 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T91 14286-14288 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T92 14330-14332 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T93 14581-14583 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T94 14915-14922 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T95 15085-15089 Chemical denotes beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545
T96 15296-15303 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T97 15337-15344 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T98 15419-15426 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T99 15747-15754 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T100 15767-15769 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T101 15870-15872 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T102 16182-16189 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T103 16256-16258 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T104 16476-16490 Chemical denotes cyclic peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23449
T105 16483-16490 Chemical denotes peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670
T106 16662-16664 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T107 16792-16794 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T108 16914-16921 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T109 17065-17072 Chemical denotes magenta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87661
T110 17163-17165 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T111 17542-17549 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T112 17924-17926 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T113 18417-18419 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T114 19058-19066 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T115 19084-19086 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T116 19330-19332 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T117 19357-19359 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T118 19575-19582 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T119 19754-19756 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T120 19939-19941 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T121 20098-20100 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T122 20348-20350 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T123 20547-20554 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T124 21016-21018 Chemical denotes II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74067
T125 21361-21363 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T126 21605-21607 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T127 21708-21716 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T128 21865-21867 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T129 21976-21984 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T130 22128-22130 Chemical denotes 5B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27560
T131 22209-22216 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T132 22287-22294 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T133 22598-22600 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T134 22632-22643 Chemical denotes amino acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709
T135 22632-22637 Chemical denotes amino http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882
T136 22638-22643 Chemical denotes acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T137 22693-22700 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T138 22708-22710 Chemical denotes IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74327
T139 22920-22927 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T140 23116-23123 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T141 23384-23391 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T142 23478-23485 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T143 23751-23758 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T144 23895-23902 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T145 24018-24025 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T146 24072-24076 Chemical denotes drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T147 24107-24117 Chemical denotes inhibitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222
T148 24272-24286 Chemical denotes peptidomimetic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63175
T149 24287-24297 Chemical denotes inhibitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 154-170 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 denotes cell recognition
T2 287-303 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008037 denotes cell recognition
T3 1033-1056 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044405 denotes recognition of the host
T4 4577-4587 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 denotes cell death
T5 4637-4657 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000981 denotes Transcription Factor
T6 4637-4650 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 denotes Transcription
T7 4903-4920 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 denotes protein synthesis
T8 4911-4920 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes synthesis
T9 5117-5126 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235 denotes retention
T10 23828-23843 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032 denotes viral infection
T11 23924-23939 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032 denotes viral infection

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-63 Sentence denotes COVID-19 spike-host cell receptor GRP78 binding site prediction
T2 65-73 Sentence denotes Abstract
T3 74-81 Sentence denotes Summary
T4 83-93 Sentence denotes Objectives
T5 94-216 Sentence denotes Understanding the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) mode of host cell recognition may help to fight the disease and save lives.
T6 217-304 Sentence denotes The spike protein of coronaviruses is the main driving force for host cell recognition.
T7 306-313 Sentence denotes Methods
T8 314-514 Sentence denotes In this study, the COVID-19 spike binding site to the cell-surface receptor (Glucose Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78)) is predicted using combined molecular modeling docking and structural bioinformatics.
T9 515-591 Sentence denotes The COVID-19 spike protein is modeled using its counterpart, the SARS spike.
T10 593-600 Sentence denotes Results
T11 601-760 Sentence denotes Sequence and structural alignments show that four regions, in addition to its cyclic nature have sequence and physicochemical similarities to the cyclic Pep42.
T12 761-901 Sentence denotes Protein-protein docking was performed to test the four regions of the spike that fit tightly in the GRP78 Substrate Binding Domain β (SBDβ).
T13 902-1071 Sentence denotes The docking pose revealed the involvement of the SBDβ of GRP78 and the receptor-binding domain of the coronavirus spike protein in recognition of the host cell receptor.
T14 1073-1084 Sentence denotes Conclusions
T15 1085-1218 Sentence denotes We reveal that the binding is more favorable between regions III (C391-C525) and IV (C480-C488) of the spike protein model and GRP78.
T16 1219-1326 Sentence denotes Region IV is the main driving force for GRP78 binding with the predicted binding affinity of -9.8 kcal/mol.
T17 1327-1409 Sentence denotes These nine residues can be used to develop therapeutics specific against COVID-19.
T18 1411-1423 Sentence denotes Introduction
T19 1424-2545 Sentence denotes In late December 2019, it was noticed that several people in Wuhan city of Hubei Province, China, were suffering from SARS-like pneumonia, which the World Health Organization (WHO) would later name COVID-19.1 , 2 According to the WHO surveillance draft, in January 2020, any resident or citizen in transit through Wuhan city 14 days before the onset of the symptoms is suspected to be infected by COVID-19.2 , 3 Additionally, WHO distributed interim guidance for laboratories that carry out the testing for the newly emerged outbreak and infection prevention and control guidance.4 , 5 The COVID-19 virus is suspected of having emerged in an unknown animal (perhaps a bat) and to have subsequently been transmitted to humans in the seafood and wild animal market.1 All over the world, there are surveillance borders to prevent the spread of the new unknown coronavirus, while some countries stopped flights to and from China.6 By the first week of the year 2020, 41 cases were confirmed to be COVID-19 positive, leaving one person dead and seven in critical care.7 This number is continuously increasing on a daily basis.
T20 2546-2705 Sentence denotes The number of confirmed cases at the time of writing this manuscript exceeded 77,000, and there were confirmed more than 2200 deaths, mainly in mainland China.
T21 2706-2943 Sentence denotes On January 20, 2020, the National Health Commission of China confirmed the human-to-human transmission of the new coronavirus outbreak.7 Ten days later, WHO declared COVID-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).
T22 2944-3044 Sentence denotes COVID-19 symptoms include fever, malaise, dry cough, shortness of breath, and respiratory distress.1
T23 3045-3487 Sentence denotes COVID-19 is a member of Betacoronaviruses, like the former human coronaviruses SARS and MERS.8 , 9 With this novel human coronavirus, there are now seven different strains of Human coronaviruses (HCoVs), namely, 229E and NL63 strains of HCoVs (Alphacoronaviruses), OC43, HKU1, SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 HCoVs (Betacoronaviruses).1 , 8 , 10 SARS and MERS HCoV are the widely known strains of coronaviruses, and each has caused about 800 deaths.
T24 3488-3701 Sentence denotes According to WHO, the mortality rates for SARS and MERS HCoV are 10% and 36%, respectively.8 , 10, 11, 12, 13 COVID-19 has a 2% mortality rate, but only in a few months will we know how fast the new virus spreads.
T25 3702-3773 Sentence denotes HCoVs are positive-sense, long (30,000 bp) single-stranded RNA viruses.
T26 3774-4141 Sentence denotes Two groups of proteins characterize HCoVs; structural proteins such as Spike (S) that characterize all coronaviruses, Nucleocapsid (N), Matrix (M), and Envelope (E), in addition to the non-structural proteins, such as proteases (nsp3 and nsp5) and RdRp (nsp12).8 , 14 The Spike protein is a crucial recognition factor for virus attachment and entry to the host cells.
T27 4142-4218 Sentence denotes It is present on the virion's outer surface in a homo-trimeric state.14 , 15
T28 4219-4607 Sentence denotes The Glucose Regulating Protein 78 (GRP78) or Binding immunoglobulin protein (BiP) is the master chaperone protein of the unfolded protein response (when unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate).16, 17, 18, 19 Under reasonable conditions, GRP78 is found in the lumen of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) bound to and inactivating three enzymes responsible for cell death or differentiation.
T29 4608-4888 Sentence denotes These enzymes are Activating Transcription Factor 6 (ATF6), Protein kinase RNA-like Endoplasmic Reticulum Kinase (PERK), and Inositol-requiring Enzyme 1 (IRE1).14 Above a threshold of accumulated unfolded proteins, GRP78 releases ATF6, PERK, and IRE1, leading to their activation.
T30 4889-5164 Sentence denotes Inhibition of protein synthesis and enhancement of the refolding is the end result of the enzymes’ activation.14 , 20 Overexpression of GRP78 is also initiated upon cell stress, which increases the chance for GRP78 to escape ER retention and translocate to the cell membrane.
T31 5165-5464 Sentence denotes Once translocated to the cell membrane, GRP78 is susceptible to virus recognition by its substrate-binding domain (SBD), and it can mediate the virus entry in the cell.14 Pep42 is a cyclic peptide that has been reported to bind the GRP78 overexpressed and expressed at the surface of cancer cells.21
T32 5465-5673 Sentence denotes In this study, the spike protein of COVID-19 was modeled using solved structures in the protein data bank.22 After model validation, molecular docking was performed to test its binding affinity against GRP78.
T33 5674-6004 Sentence denotes We hypothesized that GRP78 binds to COVID-19, as it happens in the case of the MERS-CoV coronavirus,23 and we tried to predict the binding site using the similarity between Pep42 and the COVID-19 Spike protein.14 Four regions of the spike were predicted to be the binding site to GRP78 based on sequence and structural similarity.
T34 6005-6133 Sentence denotes The results are promising and suggest the possible recognition of the COVID-19 spike by the cell-surface GRP78 upon cell stress.
T35 6135-6156 Sentence denotes Materials and methods
T36 6157-6639 Sentence denotes All human coronaviruses (HCoV) spike proteins were downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).24 Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) of all of the sequences was performed using the Clustal Omega web server of the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI).25 ESpript 3 software was used to represent the MSA.26 The pairwise sequence identity between COVID-19 spike protein and each of the other HCoV spike proteins was calculated using the same method.
T37 6640-6745 Sentence denotes A model was built for the COVID-19 spike using the SWISS-MODEL web server.27 The SARS HCoV spike (PDB ID:
T38 6746-6896 Sentence denotes 6ACD, chain C), as the closest spike protein to COVID-19 among all of the human coronaviruses, was used as a template for building the COVID-19 spike.
T39 6897-7022 Sentence denotes The structural superposition of the SARS spike (6ACD, chain C) and COVID-19 spike model was performed using PyMOL software.28
T40 7023-7111 Sentence denotes Four regions are selected from the COVID-19 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD).
T41 7112-7326 Sentence denotes These regions are cyclic (starting and ending with Cysteine residues connected by a disulfide bond) and were hypothesized to be a possible binding site to GRP78 based on the alignment with the Pep42 cyclic peptide.
T42 7327-7487 Sentence denotes Pairwise sequence alignment was performed for the Pep42 peptide against the four predicted regions of the COVID-19 spike utilizing the Clustal Omega web server.
T43 7488-7882 Sentence denotes ProtScale web server of the ExPASy bioinformatic resource portal was used to compare the Pep42 sequence to the four regions of the COVID-19 spike that we hypothesized to be the binding site to GRP78.29 The Kyte & Doolittle hydrophobicity index was calculated for each residue of the peptides, while the grand average hydrophobicity (GRAVY) was calculated for each region of the spike and Pep42.
T44 7883-8056 Sentence denotes Molecular docking was utilized to test the binding affinity of the four regions of the COVID-19 spike against the solved structure of GRP78 Substrate Binding Domain (SBD) β.
T45 8057-8314 Sentence denotes The only solved structure of wild-type, full-length GRP78 bound to ATP in the open configuration found in the PDB database is 5E84.30 , 31 The coordinates of 5E84 were downloaded and prepared for the docking experiment by removing water ions and the ligand.
T46 8315-8786 Sentence denotes The solvated docking software, HADDOCK, was used in this study to dock the four regions of the spike model for COVID-19 against the solved structure of GRP78.32 The easy interface was utilized since no restraints are defined.33 GRP78 active residues (I426, T428, V429, V432, T434, F451, S452, V457, and I459) were retrieved from the literature.30 The active residues from the COVID-19 spike protein were chosen for each region of the spike to be the hydrophobic residues.
T47 8787-8886 Sentence denotes In both proteins, the residues surrounding the active residues were selected as passive in HADDOCK.
T48 8887-9142 Sentence denotes Active residues are the amino acid residues from the two interacting proteins’ binding sites that take part in direct interaction with the other protein partner while passive residues are the residues that can interact indirectly in HADDOCK.33, 34, 35, 36
T49 9143-9288 Sentence denotes Furthermore, Pep42 is tested against the GRP78 solved structure to compare its binding affinity to that of the four regions of the spike protein.
T50 9289-9555 Sentence denotes The Pep42 3D structure was generated using the I-Tasser web server.37 Pep42 was treated as cyclic during the docking experiment (a distance restraint is added to HADDOCK) since the cyclic form of Pep42 is the selectivity determinant against GRP78 recognition.38 , 39
T51 9556-9815 Sentence denotes After docking, the docking complexes were analyzed by the aid of the Protein-Ligand Interaction Profiler (PLIP) web server of Technical University, Dresden.40 Two main types of interactions are established upon docking: H-bonding and hydrophobic interactions.
T52 9816-9912 Sentence denotes PRODIGY software was used to predict the binding affinity for each region of the spike to GRP78.
T53 9913-10006 Sentence denotes The average docking scores and the residues that take part in the interactions are discussed.
T54 10008-10030 Sentence denotes Results and discussion
T55 10032-10065 Sentence denotes Sequence and structural alignment
T56 10066-10304 Sentence denotes Fig. 1 A shows part of the Multiple Sequence Alignment (MSA) between the seven human coronaviruses (229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, SARS, MERS, and COVID-19) spike proteins performed by Clustal Omega web server and visualized by ESpript software.
T57 10305-10454 Sentence denotes The secondary structure for the COVID-19 spike model is displayed at the top of the MSA, and residual surface accessibility is present at the bottom.
T58 10455-10540 Sentence denotes Alpha helices are shown by helix while arrows show beta-sheets on the top of the MSA.
T59 10541-10655 Sentence denotes The residues that are surface accessible are in blue, while buried residues are in white at the bottom of the MSA.
T60 10656-10748 Sentence denotes Identical residues are highlighted in red, while similar residues are highlighted in yellow.
T61 10749-10858 Sentence denotes The positions of the disulfide bonds are marked by the green numbers below the accessibility rows in the MSA.
T62 10859-10991 Sentence denotes 13 disulfide bonds are found in the spike protein from which we predict four regions to be the binding site with cell surface GRP78.
T63 10992-11171 Sentence denotes These four regions of the spike protein, identified with the disulfides numbers 3, 4, 5, and 6 are marked in the MSA with green, blue, magenta, and red dashed lines, respectively.
T64 11172-11261 Sentence denotes A complete MSA for the spike protein (1273 residues) is found in supplementary figure S1.
T65 11262-11447 Sentence denotes Fig. 1 (A) Part of the multiple sequence alignment for the spike protein of all of the currently reported human coronaviruses strains (COVID-19, SARS, MERS, NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1).
T66 11448-11544 Sentence denotes The alignment is made using the Clustal Omega web server and is displayed by ESpript 3 software.
T67 11545-11659 Sentence denotes The red highlighted residues are identical, while yellow highlighted residues are conserved among the seven HCoVs.
T68 11660-11884 Sentence denotes Secondary structures are represented at the top of the MSA for the COVID-19 spike, while the surface accessibility is shown at the bottom (blue, surface accessible, cyan, partially accessible, and white for buried residues).
T69 11885-12254 Sentence denotes The four regions of the spike protein are shaded with green, blue, magenta, and red for regions I, II, III, and IV, respectively. (B) Structural superposition of SARS spike structure (green cartoon) and COVID-19 spike model (cyan cartoon). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
T70 12255-12346 Sentence denotes The SARS spike protein sequence is the closest to the COVID-19 spike, with 77.38% identity.
T71 12347-12482 Sentence denotes In contrast, OC43, MERS, HKU1, 229E, and NL63 share only 32.81%, 32.79%, 31.86%, 30.35%, and 28.28%, respectively, with COVID-19 spike.
T72 12483-12605 Sentence denotes Fig. 1B shows the superposition of the homo-trimeric COVID-19 spike model (cyan cartoon) and SARS spike structure (PDB ID:
T73 12606-12628 Sentence denotes 6ACD) (green cartoon).
T74 12629-12687 Sentence denotes Two views are shown with a vertical axis rotation of 180°.
T75 12688-12808 Sentence denotes The Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) between the two structures is only 0.284 Å, while the sequence identity is 77.38%.
T76 12810-12836 Sentence denotes Pep42 versus spike regions
T77 12837-13018 Sentence denotes Pep42 is reported to specifically target the cell-surface GRP78 in cancer cells.14 Its selectivity against GRP78 has been reported for its cyclic form but not for the extended form.
T78 13019-13191 Sentence denotes This may be due to the rigidity of the cyclic structure of the peptide, which causes the stabilization of the hydrophobic patch formed by C1, V3, A4, L5, V10, V12, and C13.
T79 13192-13339 Sentence denotes These residues become closer to each other by the aid of the disulfide bond, making the cyclic peptide the perfect docking platform for GRP78 SBDβ.
T80 13340-13477 Sentence denotes We found 13 disulfide bonds in the COVID-19 spike protein model that form 13 different cyclic regions that may resemble the cyclic Pep42.
T81 13478-13708 Sentence denotes Four of these disulfides are found in the outer surface of the spike receptor-binding domain that faces the outside part of the virion, a region that has been targeted with neutralizing antibodies against the SARS and MERS spikes.
T82 13709-13911 Sentence denotes These four regions, namely, the region I C336: C361 (26 residues), region II C379: C432 (54 residues), region III C391: C525 (135 residues), and region IV C480: C488 (9 residues), are marked in Fig. 1A.
T83 13912-13996 Sentence denotes Fig. 2 A shows the pairwise sequence alignments between each spike region and Pep42.
T84 13997-14088 Sentence denotes The percentage of pairwise sequence identity is listed on the right side of each alignment.
T85 14089-14257 Sentence denotes The percent identity for region III is the most significant (46.15%) compared to other regions (15.38%, 23.08%, and 33.33% for the regions I, II, and IV, respectively).
T86 14258-14311 Sentence denotes As shown in Fig. 2A, region IV is part of region III.
T87 14312-14361 Sentence denotes Moreover, regions II and III share some residues.
T88 14362-14467 Sentence denotes Again, identical residues are highlighted in red, while the conserved residues are highlighted in yellow.
T89 14468-14573 Sentence denotes The secondary structure is shown at the top of the alignment and the surface accessibility at the bottom.
T90 14574-14717 Sentence denotes Region IV has all of its residues exposed at the surface (either blue, meaning surface accessible, or cyan, for partially accessible residues).
T91 14718-14822 Sentence denotes For other regions, some residues are surface exposed (blue or cyan), while others are buried (in white).
T92 14823-14929 Sentence denotes Fig. 2 (A) Pairwise sequence alignment between Pep42 and four regions of the COVID-19 spike protein model.
T93 14930-15044 Sentence denotes Secondary structures and surface accessibility are shown at the top and the bottom of the alignment, respectively.
T94 15045-15133 Sentence denotes The percentage of identity arrows shows beta-sheets on the right side of each alignment.
T95 15134-15345 Sentence denotes Identical and similar residues are highlighted in red and yellow, respectively. (B) The hydrophobicity index (Kyte & Doolittle) for the four regions of the spike protein model for COVID-19 and the Pep42 peptide.
T96 15346-15557 Sentence denotes Grand average hydrophobicity (GRAVY) is shown on the right side for each peptide. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
T97 15558-15656 Sentence denotes Fig. 2B shows the hydrophobicity index (Kyte & Doolittle) for each suggested region and the Pep42.
T98 15657-15755 Sentence denotes The grand average hydrophobicity index for each region (GRAVY) is listed in front of each peptide.
T99 15756-15849 Sentence denotes Regions I, II, and III have negative values of GRAVY (−0.24, −0.30, and −0.28, respectively).
T100 15850-15990 Sentence denotes In contrast, region IV has a positive value (0.08), which means that it has a slightly more hydrophobic character compared to other regions.
T101 15991-16124 Sentence denotes Pep42 has a highly hydrophobic character (GRAVY value of 1.1) that enables it to be recognized by the cell-surface GRP78.14 , 38 , 39
T102 16125-16248 Sentence denotes Fig. 3 A shows the structure model of the COVID-19 spike protein model (homo-trimeric) in a colored cartoon representation.
T103 16249-16407 Sentence denotes Region IV of the spike (C480: C488) is not only cyclic but also surface-accessible and protrudes to the outer side of the spike, i.e., facing the target cell.
T104 16408-16563 Sentence denotes It has a slightly hydrophobic character, hence resembling the Pep42 cyclic peptide, and it seems suitable to be the binding site to the cell-surface GRP78.
T105 16564-16622 Sentence denotes Fig. 3B shows the region III of the spike (black cartoon).
T106 16623-16764 Sentence denotes As shown in the enlarged panel, region IV is part of region III and it is the most surface-exposed part of the spike receptor-binding domain.
T107 16765-16875 Sentence denotes The contribution of region IV (C480: C488) in binding region III to GRP78 is high (−9.8 out of −14.0 kcal/mol)
T108 16876-16982 Sentence denotes Fig. 3 (A) The structure of the spike protein model of COVID-19 in its homotrimer state (colored cartoon).
T109 16983-17155 Sentence denotes Two chains, A (green) and B (cyan) are in the closed conformation, while chain C (magenta) is the open configuration that makes it able to recognize the host cell receptor.
T110 17156-17491 Sentence denotes Region IV of the spike (C480-C488), which we suggest is the recognition site for cell-surface GRP78, is shown in the black cartoon in the enlarged panel. (B) The structure of the region III (black carton). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
T111 17493-17520 Sentence denotes Binding mode of spike-GRP78
T112 17521-17622 Sentence denotes GRP78-COVID-19 spike protein docking was performed using the HADDOCK software in four different ways.
T113 17623-17804 Sentence denotes Each region of the spike (predicted to be the binding site to GRP78) was used as the binding site to GRP78, using its active residues selected to be that have hydrophobic character.
T114 17805-17912 Sentence denotes The active residues for region I are: C336, F338, V341, F342, A344, R347, F348, S350, A352, I358, and C361.
T115 17913-18070 Sentence denotes For region II, the active residues are: C379, V382, L387, I390, C391, F392, V395, A397, F400, V401, I402, V407, I410, A411, I418, A419, L425, F429, and C432.
T116 18071-18396 Sentence denotes For region III, the active residues are: C391, F392, V395, A397, F400, V401, I402, V407, I410, A411, I418, A419, L425, F429, C432, V433, I434, A435, L441, V445, L452, L455, F456, L461, F464, I468, I472, A475, C480, V483, F486, C488, F490, L492, F497, V503, V510, V511, V512, L513, F515, L517, L518, A520, A522, V524, and C52.
T117 18397-18472 Sentence denotes Finally, for region IV, the active residues are C480, V483, F486, and C488.
T118 18473-18605 Sentence denotes For GRP78, the active site residues are retrieved from previous work to be I426, T428, V429, V432, T434, F451, S452, V457, and I459.
T119 18606-18611 Sentence denotes Figs.
T120 18612-18836 Sentence denotes 4 A and 4B show the binding mode for each of the docking trials (the best-formed complexes from each docking experiment) with green cartoon representing GRP78 and yellow cartoon representing the homo-trimeric COVID-19 spike.
T121 18837-19006 Sentence denotes All the docking trials proved the possibility of fitting the GRP78 SBDβ to the spike with binding affinities (predicted by PRODIGY) ranging from −9.8 up to −14 kcal/mol.
T122 19007-19127 Sentence denotes In terms of the orientation of the two interacting proteins, regions III and IV are accepted to be the docking platform.
T123 19128-19208 Sentence denotes In these two trials, the GRP78 and spike can interact in a head-to-head fashion.
T124 19209-19494 Sentence denotes Fig. 4 The structure of the docking complexes of GRP78 (green cartoon) and COVID-19 spike (yellow cartoon) regions I and II (A) and regions III and IV (B). (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
T125 19495-19597 Sentence denotes Table 1 summarizes the docking trials of the four regions of the COVID-19 spike protein against GRP78.
T126 19598-19712 Sentence denotes The docking scores are listed, while the interaction pattern is analyzed by PLIP software and listed in the table.
T127 19713-19838 Sentence denotes As shown from the docking scores, region IV of the spike is the best docking platform to GRP78, with a score of −143.5 ± 4.4.
T128 19839-19972 Sentence denotes This score is lower (better) than other regions by 18.3%, 15.2%, and 65.5% for the region I, region II, and region III, respectively.
T129 19973-20031 Sentence denotes The PRODIGY binding affinities are also listed in Table 1.
T130 20032-20090 Sentence denotes The PLIP analysis partially explains the binding affinity.
T131 20091-20289 Sentence denotes Region IV of the spike interacts with the substrate-binding domain β of GRP78 with five H-bonds (through P479, N481, E484, and N487) and four hydrophobic interactions (through T478, E484, and F486).
T132 20290-20427 Sentence denotes The average H-bond length for the docking trial of region IV is 2.26 ± 0.54, while the average hydrophobic contact length is 3.66 ± 0.18.
T133 20428-20496 Sentence denotes These values are less than other docking trials using other regions.
T134 20497-20621 Sentence denotes Table 1 The interactions formed between the spike protein of COVID-19 and cell-surface GRP78 SBDβ upon docking with HADDOCK.
T135 20622-20727 Sentence denotes Pep42 conformation at HADDOCK score PRODIGY binding affinity (kcal/mol) H-bonding Hydrophobic interaction
T136 20728-20829 Sentence denotes number Residues from the spike Residues from GRP78 number Residues from the spike Residues from GRP78
T137 20830-21008 Sentence denotes Region I −121.3±7.2 −12.4 11 R466N343N354N354D467E340G339I468I468K356T345 T434G489S452V453T434V490G489T434K447G454G489 7 E465I468W353W353A344R346R466 V432L436T428V429V490Q492T428
T138 21009-21222 Sentence denotes Region II −124.6 ±9.8 −10.1 12 Y396Y396R357R357R466R466R466F464E516E516K356N354 S452S452Q449I450G454T456T456G454S452Q492T428G430 10 E340E516K356K356F429W353N354R355R355R357 V432V490T428V429V490V453V429F451V453F451
T139 21223-21353 Sentence denotes Region III −86.7±4.6 −14.0 9 N460N487D420L455K417Y421Y421Y473Y505 Q492K447S452Q449E427I450I450S448G430 3 E406K417F486 V429V429T441
T140 21354-21459 Sentence denotes Region IV −143.5±4.4 −9.8 5 E484E484N481P479N487 T428V429S452S452T458 4 E484E484F486T478 T428V429V457V490
T141 21460-21659 Sentence denotes Fig. 5 A shows the predicted binding mode of the GRP78 (cyan surface) to the spike of the newly emerged coronavirus (green surface) using region IV of the spike (red surface) as the docking platform.
T142 21660-21759 Sentence denotes The interacting residues of GRP78 and the spike proteins are shown in yellow and red, respectively.
T143 21760-21929 Sentence denotes The enlarged panel shows in more detail the interacting residues of GRP78 (yellow sticks) and the region IV of the spike (red cartoon) labeled with its one-letter codes.
T144 21930-22122 Sentence denotes This binding mode is acceptable since the two proteins are interacting, as when the virus is approaching the target cell (respiratory system cells) expressing its cell-surface receptor, GRP78.
T145 22123-22311 Sentence denotes Fig. 5B shows a hypothetical binding model showing the homotrimer spike (red surface) protein of the COVID-19 bound to a respiratory system cell exposing the GRP78 protein (green surface).
T146 22312-22462 Sentence denotes This scenario could occur in stressed cells when GRP78 is overexpressed and translocated from the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) to the cell membrane (M).
T147 22463-22627 Sentence denotes Fig. 5 (A) The proposed binding mode of the host cell GRP78 (cyan surface) and the COVID-19 spike model (green surface) through region IV (C480-C488) (red surface).
T148 22628-23075 Sentence denotes The amino acids from the GRP78 SBDβ that interact with the spike protein region IV (red cartoon) are labeled and represented in yellow sticks in the enlarged panel. (B) The proposed recognition mode of the COVID-19 spike (red surface) and cell-surface GRP78 (green surface) through the spike protein region C480-C488. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
T149 23076-23459 Sentence denotes The predicted binding site of the Spike protein to GRP7 found in this study is in good agreement with studies that identified the spike receptor-binding domain using antibodies.23 , 41 Knowledge of this binding site could open the door for further experimental and simulation studies on the mode of envelope protein recognition by the highly dynamical GRP78 substrate-binding domain.
T150 23461-23471 Sentence denotes Conclusion
T151 23472-23588 Sentence denotes Spike protein is an essential viral element that helps in the attachment and virus internalization to the host cell.
T152 23589-23684 Sentence denotes A vast amount of host cell receptors are targets for viruses, including the cell-surface GRP78.
T153 23685-23844 Sentence denotes Inhibiting the interaction that occurs between the COVID-19 spike protein and the host cell receptor GRP78 would probably decrease the rate of viral infection.
T154 23845-23940 Sentence denotes Furthermore, a vaccine against the COVID-19 spike protein would likely prevent viral infection.
T155 23941-24165 Sentence denotes The present in silico perspective suggests the existence of a COVID-19 spike protein-GRP78 binding site, thus paving the route for drug designers to develop suitable inhibitors to prevent the binding and hence the infection.
T156 24166-24298 Sentence denotes Future work involving the dynamics of GRP78 and the experimental validation is required to suggest potent peptidomimetic inhibitors.
T157 24300-24334 Sentence denotes Declaration of Competing Interests
T158 24335-24411 Sentence denotes All of the authors declare that there is no competing interest in this work.
T159 24413-24446 Sentence denotes Appendix Supplementary materials
T160 24448-24463 Sentence denotes Acknowledgments
T161 24464-24544 Sentence denotes We want to acknowledge Mrs. Alaa Ismail for helpful discussions and suggestions.
T162 24545-24633 Sentence denotes We thank LetPub for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript.
T163 24635-24652 Sentence denotes Data Availability
T164 24653-24733 Sentence denotes The docking structures are available upon request from the corresponding author.
T165 24734-24857 Sentence denotes Supplementary material associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.02.026.

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 1552-1561 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T2 2970-2975 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T3 2977-2984 Phenotype denotes malaise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012378
T4 2986-2995 Phenotype denotes dry cough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031246
T5 2997-3016 Phenotype denotes shortness of breath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T6 3022-3042 Phenotype denotes respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T7 5449-5455 Phenotype denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664
T8 12904-12910 Phenotype denotes cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002664
T9 13042-13050 Phenotype denotes rigidity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002063

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32169481-31953166-61108463 1631-1632 31953166 denotes 1
32169481-31953166-61108464 2187-2188 31953166 denotes 1
32169481-31953166-61108465 3043-3044 31953166 denotes 1
32169481-27864902-61108466 3138-3139 27864902 denotes 8
32169481-25810418-61108467 3142-3143 25810418 denotes 9
32169481-31953166-61108468 3373-3374 31953166 denotes 1
32169481-27864902-61108469 3377-3378 27864902 denotes 8
32169481-27864902-61108470 3579-3580 27864902 denotes 8
32169481-25142582-61108471 3591-3593 25142582 denotes 12
32169481-27864902-61108472 4035-4036 27864902 denotes 8
32169481-30978349-61108473 4039-4041 30978349 denotes 14
32169481-30978349-61108474 4211-4213 30978349 denotes 14
32169481-22816037-61108475 4216-4218 22816037 denotes 15
32169481-15804610-61108476 4415-4417 15804610 denotes 16
32169481-16472112-61108477 4419-4421 16472112 denotes 17
32169481-11943137-61108478 4423-4425 11943137 denotes 18
32169481-30978349-61108479 4768-4770 30978349 denotes 14
32169481-30978349-61108480 4999-5001 30978349 denotes 14
32169481-12110171-61108481 5004-5006 12110171 denotes 20
32169481-30978349-61108482 5333-5335 30978349 denotes 14
32169481-16878978-61108483 5462-5464 16878978 denotes 21
32169481-29887526-61108484 5774-5776 29887526 denotes 23
32169481-30978349-61108485 5884-5886 30978349 denotes 14
32169481-10964570-61108486 6443-6445 10964570 denotes 25
32169481-10320398-61108487 6495-6497 10320398 denotes 26
32169481-24782522-61108488 6714-6716 24782522 denotes 27
32169481-26655470-61108489 8188-8190 26655470 denotes 30
32169481-29084938-61108490 8193-8195 29084938 denotes 31
32169481-16899489-61108491 8473-8475 16899489 denotes 32
32169481-20431534-61108492 8540-8542 20431534 denotes 33
32169481-26655470-61108493 8659-8661 26655470 denotes 30
32169481-20431534-61108494 9128-9130 20431534 denotes 33
32169481-17803234-61108495 9132-9134 17803234 denotes 34
32169481-15981252-61108496 9136-9138 15981252 denotes 35
32169481-12580598-2046607 9140-9142 12580598 denotes 36
32169481-18215316-61108497 9356-9358 18215316 denotes 37
32169481-18243696-61108498 9548-9550 18243696 denotes 38
32169481-16878978-61108499 9553-9555 16878978 denotes 39
32169481-25873628-61108500 9712-9714 25873628 denotes 40
32169481-30978349-61108501 12917-12919 30978349 denotes 14
32169481-30978349-61108502 16112-16114 30978349 denotes 14
32169481-18243696-61108503 16117-16119 18243696 denotes 38
32169481-16878978-61108504 16122-16124 16878978 denotes 39
32169481-29887526-61108505 23253-23255 29887526 denotes 23