PMC:7100515 / 1347-2770 JSONTXT

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    LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":446,"end":450},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1229,"end":1239},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A6","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24920"},{"id":"A7","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740"}],"text":"Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect human and animals and cause varieties of diseases, including respiratory, enteric, renal, and neurological diseases1. They are classified into four genera, alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV, and delta-CoV2. Since beginning of this century, there have already been three zoonotic outbreaks of beta-CoVs. In 2002–2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)3,4, a lineage B beta-CoV, emerged from bat and palm civet5,6, and infected over 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths7. In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a lineage C beta-CoV, was discovered as the causative agent of a severe respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia8, currently with 2494 confirmed cases and 858 deaths9, it remains endemic in Middle East, and dromedary camel is considered as the zoonotic reservoir host of MERS-CoV. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, was found in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China10–12. Viruses were isolated from patients and sequenced. Phylogenetical analysis revealed that it is a lineage B beta-CoV and closely related to a SARS-like (SL) CoV, RaTG13, discovered in a cave of Yunnan, China, in 201313. They share about 96% nucleotide sequence identities, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 might have emerged from a Bat SL-CoV. However, the intermediate host or whether there is an intermediate host remains to be determined."}

    LitCovid-PD-MONDO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":342,"end":375},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":389,"end":397},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":911,"end":919},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":957,"end":966},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1130,"end":1134},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1277,"end":1285},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A24","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A25","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A26","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A27","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249"},{"id":"A28","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A29","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"}],"text":"Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect human and animals and cause varieties of diseases, including respiratory, enteric, renal, and neurological diseases1. They are classified into four genera, alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV, and delta-CoV2. Since beginning of this century, there have already been three zoonotic outbreaks of beta-CoVs. In 2002–2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)3,4, a lineage B beta-CoV, emerged from bat and palm civet5,6, and infected over 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths7. In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a lineage C beta-CoV, was discovered as the causative agent of a severe respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia8, currently with 2494 confirmed cases and 858 deaths9, it remains endemic in Middle East, and dromedary camel is considered as the zoonotic reservoir host of MERS-CoV. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, was found in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China10–12. Viruses were isolated from patients and sequenced. Phylogenetical analysis revealed that it is a lineage B beta-CoV and closely related to a SARS-like (SL) CoV, RaTG13, discovered in a cave of Yunnan, China, in 201313. They share about 96% nucleotide sequence identities, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 might have emerged from a Bat SL-CoV. However, the intermediate host or whether there is an intermediate host remains to be determined."}

    LitCovid-PD-CLO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":28,"end":33},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":38,"end":45},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":403,"end":404},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":413,"end":414},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":438,"end":441},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":587,"end":588},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":650,"end":651},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":800,"end":805},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":884,"end":885},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":989,"end":996},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":1084,"end":1085},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":1094,"end":1095},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":1128,"end":1129},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1172,"end":1173},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1312,"end":1313},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"text":"Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect human and animals and cause varieties of diseases, including respiratory, enteric, renal, and neurological diseases1. They are classified into four genera, alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV, and delta-CoV2. Since beginning of this century, there have already been three zoonotic outbreaks of beta-CoVs. In 2002–2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)3,4, a lineage B beta-CoV, emerged from bat and palm civet5,6, and infected over 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths7. In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a lineage C beta-CoV, was discovered as the causative agent of a severe respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia8, currently with 2494 confirmed cases and 858 deaths9, it remains endemic in Middle East, and dromedary camel is considered as the zoonotic reservoir host of MERS-CoV. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, was found in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China10–12. Viruses were isolated from patients and sequenced. Phylogenetical analysis revealed that it is a lineage B beta-CoV and closely related to a SARS-like (SL) CoV, RaTG13, discovered in a cave of Yunnan, China, in 201313. They share about 96% nucleotide sequence identities, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 might have emerged from a Bat SL-CoV. However, the intermediate host or whether there is an intermediate host remains to be determined."}

    LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":184,"end":189},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":195,"end":199},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":205,"end":210},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":317,"end":321},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":415,"end":419},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":599,"end":603},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1096,"end":1100},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1141,"end":1143},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1229,"end":1239},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1318,"end":1320},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A8","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30216"},{"id":"A9","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545"},{"id":"A10","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30212"},{"id":"A11","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545"},{"id":"A12","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545"},{"id":"A13","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545"},{"id":"A14","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545"},{"id":"A15","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74815"},{"id":"A16","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976"},{"id":"A17","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74815"}],"text":"Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect human and animals and cause varieties of diseases, including respiratory, enteric, renal, and neurological diseases1. They are classified into four genera, alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV, and delta-CoV2. Since beginning of this century, there have already been three zoonotic outbreaks of beta-CoVs. In 2002–2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)3,4, a lineage B beta-CoV, emerged from bat and palm civet5,6, and infected over 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths7. In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a lineage C beta-CoV, was discovered as the causative agent of a severe respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia8, currently with 2494 confirmed cases and 858 deaths9, it remains endemic in Middle East, and dromedary camel is considered as the zoonotic reservoir host of MERS-CoV. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, was found in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China10–12. Viruses were isolated from patients and sequenced. Phylogenetical analysis revealed that it is a lineage B beta-CoV and closely related to a SARS-like (SL) CoV, RaTG13, discovered in a cave of Yunnan, China, in 201313. They share about 96% nucleotide sequence identities, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 might have emerged from a Bat SL-CoV. However, the intermediate host or whether there is an intermediate host remains to be determined."}

    LitCovid-PD-HP

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":957,"end":966},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A1","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T1","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090"}],"text":"Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect human and animals and cause varieties of diseases, including respiratory, enteric, renal, and neurological diseases1. They are classified into four genera, alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV, and delta-CoV2. Since beginning of this century, there have already been three zoonotic outbreaks of beta-CoVs. In 2002–2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)3,4, a lineage B beta-CoV, emerged from bat and palm civet5,6, and infected over 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths7. In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a lineage C beta-CoV, was discovered as the causative agent of a severe respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia8, currently with 2494 confirmed cases and 858 deaths9, it remains endemic in Middle East, and dromedary camel is considered as the zoonotic reservoir host of MERS-CoV. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, was found in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China10–12. Viruses were isolated from patients and sequenced. Phylogenetical analysis revealed that it is a lineage B beta-CoV and closely related to a SARS-like (SL) CoV, RaTG13, discovered in a cave of Yunnan, China, in 201313. They share about 96% nucleotide sequence identities, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 might have emerged from a Bat SL-CoV. However, the intermediate host or whether there is an intermediate host remains to be determined."}

    LitCovid-sentences

    {"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":0,"end":145},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":146,"end":231},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":232,"end":327},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":328,"end":520},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":521,"end":863},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":864,"end":988},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":989,"end":1039},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1040,"end":1207},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":1208,"end":1325},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":1326,"end":1423},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect human and animals and cause varieties of diseases, including respiratory, enteric, renal, and neurological diseases1. They are classified into four genera, alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV, and delta-CoV2. Since beginning of this century, there have already been three zoonotic outbreaks of beta-CoVs. In 2002–2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)3,4, a lineage B beta-CoV, emerged from bat and palm civet5,6, and infected over 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths7. In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a lineage C beta-CoV, was discovered as the causative agent of a severe respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia8, currently with 2494 confirmed cases and 858 deaths9, it remains endemic in Middle East, and dromedary camel is considered as the zoonotic reservoir host of MERS-CoV. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, was found in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China10–12. Viruses were isolated from patients and sequenced. Phylogenetical analysis revealed that it is a lineage B beta-CoV and closely related to a SARS-like (SL) CoV, RaTG13, discovered in a cave of Yunnan, China, in 201313. They share about 96% nucleotide sequence identities, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 might have emerged from a Bat SL-CoV. However, the intermediate host or whether there is an intermediate host remains to be determined."}

    2_test

    {"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32221306-12690091-73894008","span":{"begin":398,"end":399},"obj":"12690091"},{"id":"32221306-12690092-73894009","span":{"begin":400,"end":401},"obj":"12690092"},{"id":"32221306-12958366-73894010","span":{"begin":456,"end":457},"obj":"12958366"},{"id":"32221306-16195424-73894011","span":{"begin":458,"end":459},"obj":"16195424"},{"id":"32221306-23075143-73894012","span":{"begin":695,"end":696},"obj":"23075143"}],"text":"Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect human and animals and cause varieties of diseases, including respiratory, enteric, renal, and neurological diseases1. They are classified into four genera, alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV, and delta-CoV2. Since beginning of this century, there have already been three zoonotic outbreaks of beta-CoVs. In 2002–2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)3,4, a lineage B beta-CoV, emerged from bat and palm civet5,6, and infected over 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths7. In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a lineage C beta-CoV, was discovered as the causative agent of a severe respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia8, currently with 2494 confirmed cases and 858 deaths9, it remains endemic in Middle East, and dromedary camel is considered as the zoonotic reservoir host of MERS-CoV. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, was found in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China10–12. Viruses were isolated from patients and sequenced. Phylogenetical analysis revealed that it is a lineage B beta-CoV and closely related to a SARS-like (SL) CoV, RaTG13, discovered in a cave of Yunnan, China, in 201313. They share about 96% nucleotide sequence identities, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 might have emerged from a Bat SL-CoV. However, the intermediate host or whether there is an intermediate host remains to be determined."}

    LitCovid-PubTator

    {"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"102","span":{"begin":0,"end":13},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"103","span":{"begin":15,"end":19},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"104","span":{"begin":28,"end":33},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"105","span":{"begin":190,"end":193},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"106","span":{"begin":195,"end":203},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"107","span":{"begin":211,"end":214},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"108","span":{"begin":226,"end":229},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"109","span":{"begin":322,"end":326},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"110","span":{"begin":342,"end":387},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"111","span":{"begin":389,"end":397},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"112","span":{"begin":415,"end":423},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"113","span":{"begin":484,"end":490},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"114","span":{"begin":530,"end":585},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"115","span":{"begin":790,"end":799},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"116","span":{"begin":800,"end":805},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"117","span":{"begin":854,"end":862},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"118","span":{"begin":886,"end":903},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"119","span":{"begin":911,"end":921},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"120","span":{"begin":936,"end":944},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"121","span":{"begin":1016,"end":1024},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"122","span":{"begin":1096,"end":1104},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"123","span":{"begin":1145,"end":1148},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"124","span":{"begin":1277,"end":1287},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"125","span":{"begin":1321,"end":1324},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"126","span":{"begin":599,"end":607},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"127","span":{"begin":122,"end":143},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"128","span":{"begin":295,"end":303},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"129","span":{"begin":465,"end":473},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"130","span":{"begin":512,"end":518},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"131","span":{"begin":742,"end":748},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"132","span":{"begin":827,"end":835},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"133","span":{"begin":957,"end":966},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A102","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"102","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A103","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"103","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A104","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"104","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A105","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"105","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A106","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"106","obj":"Tax:694002"},{"id":"A107","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"107","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A108","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"108","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A109","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"109","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A110","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"110","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A111","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"111","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A112","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"112","obj":"Tax:694002"},{"id":"A113","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"113","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A114","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"114","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A115","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"115","obj":"Tax:9838"},{"id":"A116","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"116","obj":"Tax:9838"},{"id":"A117","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"117","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A118","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"118","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A119","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"119","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A120","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"120","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A121","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"121","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A122","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"122","obj":"Tax:694002"},{"id":"A123","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"123","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A124","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"124","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A125","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"125","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A126","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"126","obj":"Tax:694002"},{"id":"A127","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"127","obj":"MESH:D020271"},{"id":"A128","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"128","obj":"MESH:D015047"},{"id":"A129","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"129","obj":"MESH:D007239"},{"id":"A130","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"130","obj":"MESH:D003643"},{"id":"A131","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"131","obj":"MESH:D003643"},{"id":"A132","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"132","obj":"MESH:D015047"},{"id":"A133","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"133","obj":"MESH:D011014"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"Coronaviruses (CoVs) infect human and animals and cause varieties of diseases, including respiratory, enteric, renal, and neurological diseases1. They are classified into four genera, alpha-CoV, beta-CoV, gamma-CoV, and delta-CoV2. Since beginning of this century, there have already been three zoonotic outbreaks of beta-CoVs. In 2002–2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)3,4, a lineage B beta-CoV, emerged from bat and palm civet5,6, and infected over 8000 people and caused about 800 deaths7. In 2012, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a lineage C beta-CoV, was discovered as the causative agent of a severe respiratory syndrome in Saudi Arabia8, currently with 2494 confirmed cases and 858 deaths9, it remains endemic in Middle East, and dromedary camel is considered as the zoonotic reservoir host of MERS-CoV. At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, was found in patients with severe pneumonia in Wuhan, China10–12. Viruses were isolated from patients and sequenced. Phylogenetical analysis revealed that it is a lineage B beta-CoV and closely related to a SARS-like (SL) CoV, RaTG13, discovered in a cave of Yunnan, China, in 201313. They share about 96% nucleotide sequence identities, suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 might have emerged from a Bat SL-CoV. However, the intermediate host or whether there is an intermediate host remains to be determined."}