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PMC:7091888 / 1413-4941 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
92 37-42 Species denotes human Tax:9606
93 43-56 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
94 58-62 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
95 103-158 Species denotes Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Tax:1335626
96 160-212 Species denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus Tax:694009
97 214-222 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
98 231-253 Species denotes 2019 novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
99 255-264 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
100 343-351 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
101 401-409 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
102 417-422 Species denotes human Tax:9606
103 426-431 Species denotes human Tax:9606
104 527-535 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
105 609-614 Species denotes human Tax:9606
106 618-623 Species denotes human Tax:9606
107 638-646 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
108 681-690 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
109 748-756 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
110 799-807 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
111 812-820 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
112 855-861 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
113 864-873 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
114 886-896 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
115 900-913 Species denotes Coronaviridae Tax:11118
116 1016-1023 Species denotes HCoV-19 Tax:2697049
117 1216-1230 Species denotes COVID-19 virus Tax:2697049
118 1459-1469 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
119 762-771 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
120 1134-1158 Disease denotes Coronavirus Disease 2019 MESH:C000657245
121 1160-1168 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
122 1200-1208 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
123 1313-1321 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
124 1353-1359 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
125 1655-1663 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
142 1724-1729 Gene denotes spike Gene:43740568
143 2290-2321 Gene denotes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Gene:59272
144 2323-2327 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
145 2374-2396 Gene denotes dipeptidyl peptidase 4 Gene:1803
146 2398-2402 Gene denotes DPP4 Gene:1803
147 2474-2478 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
148 2588-2589 Gene denotes S Gene:43740568
149 2517-2518 Gene denotes S Gene:43740568
150 1667-1678 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
151 2212-2220 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
152 2225-2233 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
153 2270-2278 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
154 2354-2362 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
155 2437-2445 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
156 2447-2457 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
157 2577-2587 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
179 2852-2856 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
180 2858-2863 Gene denotes hACE2 Gene:59272
181 2873-2877 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
182 2980-2985 Gene denotes hACE2 Gene:59272
183 3261-3266 Gene denotes hACE2 Gene:59272
184 2775-2776 Gene denotes S Gene:43740568
185 2764-2774 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
186 2846-2851 Species denotes human Tax:9606
187 2934-2944 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
188 2949-2957 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
189 3073-3083 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
190 3139-3147 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
191 3202-3212 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
192 3239-3249 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
193 3309-3317 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
194 3446-3454 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
195 3504-3514 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
196 3519-3527 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
197 3088-3106 Disease denotes SARS-CoV infection MESH:C000657245
198 3376-3408 Disease denotes SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection MESH:C000657245
199 3491-3500 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T8 1704-1712 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T9 1784-1792 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T10 1815-1822 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T11 1994-2001 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T12 2033-2038 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T13 2519-2526 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T14 2590-2597 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T15 2777-2784 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T16 2820-2827 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T17 2997-3002 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T18 3217-3224 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T19 3278-3283 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T34 160-193 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T35 195-199 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T36 214-222 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T37 214-218 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T38 343-351 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T39 343-347 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T40 401-409 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T41 401-405 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T42 762-771 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T43 799-807 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T44 799-803 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T45 886-894 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T46 886-890 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T47 1134-1158 Disease denotes Coronavirus Disease 2019 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T48 1160-1168 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T49 1200-1208 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T50 1216-1224 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T51 1313-1321 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T52 1459-1467 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T53 1459-1463 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T54 1655-1663 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T55 2212-2220 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T56 2212-2216 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T57 2270-2278 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T58 2270-2274 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T59 2437-2445 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T60 2437-2441 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T61 2447-2455 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T62 2447-2451 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T63 2577-2585 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T64 2577-2581 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T65 2764-2772 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T66 2764-2768 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T67 2934-2942 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T68 2934-2938 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T69 2949-2957 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T70 2949-2953 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T71 3073-3081 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T72 3073-3077 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T73 3088-3106 Disease denotes SARS-CoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T74 3088-3092 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T75 3097-3106 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T76 3139-3147 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T77 3139-3143 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T78 3202-3210 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T79 3202-3206 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T80 3239-3247 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T81 3239-3243 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T82 3309-3317 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T83 3309-3313 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T84 3376-3384 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T85 3376-3380 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T86 3399-3408 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T87 3446-3454 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T88 3446-3450 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T89 3491-3500 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T90 3504-3512 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T91 3504-3508 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T92 3519-3527 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T93 3519-3523 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T9 37-42 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T10 229-230 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T11 308-320 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes Organization
T12 417-422 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T13 426-431 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T14 609-614 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T15 618-623 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T16 654-655 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T17 781-784 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T18 855-861 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T19 978-985 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes Viruses
T20 1028-1029 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T21 1037-1042 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T22 1052-1053 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T23 1106-1111 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T24 1178-1183 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T25 1225-1230 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T26 1276-1277 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T27 1665-1666 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T28 1749-1757 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T29 1910-1911 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T30 2033-2038 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T31 2059-2060 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T32 2124-2126 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050 denotes S1
T33 2170-2179 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T34 2192-2194 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008922 denotes S2
T35 2192-2194 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050052 denotes S2
T36 2527-2529 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T37 2647-2652 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T38 2846-2851 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T39 2869-2872 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T40 2997-3002 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T41 3036-3037 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T42 3278-3283 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T9 1054-1059 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T10 1607-1622 Chemical denotes antiviral drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36044
T11 1607-1616 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T12 1617-1622 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T13 1704-1712 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T14 1784-1792 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T15 1815-1822 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T16 1956-1966 Chemical denotes inhibitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222
T17 1994-2001 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T18 2192-2194 Chemical denotes S2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29387
T19 2290-2301 Chemical denotes angiotensin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48433
T20 2519-2526 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T21 2590-2597 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T22 2664-2674 Chemical denotes inhibitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222
T23 2777-2784 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T24 2820-2827 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T25 3055-3064 Chemical denotes inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222
T26 3217-3224 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 2011-2038 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046718 denotes viral entry into host cells
T2 2017-2032 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044409 denotes entry into host

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T8 0-12 Sentence denotes Introduction
T9 13-1549 Sentence denotes Three highly pathogenic human coronaviruses (CoVs) have been identified so far, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and a 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), as previously termed by the World Health Organization (WHO).1–3 Among them, SARS-CoV was first reported in Guangdong, China in 2002.4 SARS-CoV caused human-to-human transmission and resulted in the 2003 outbreak with about 10% case fatality rate (CFR),1 while MERS-CoV was reported in Saudi Arabia in June 2012.5 Even though with its limited human-to-human transmission, MERS-CoV showed a CFR of about 34.4%.2 The 2019-nCoV was first reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019 from patients with pneumonia,6 and it has exceeded both SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in its rate of transmission among humans.7 2019-nCoV was renamed SARS-CoV-2 by Coronaviridae Study Group (CSG) of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV),8 while it was renamed HCoV-19, as a common virus name, by a group of virologists in China.9 The disease and the virus causing it were named Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the virus responsible for COVID-19 or the COVID-19 virus, respectively, by WHO.3 As of March 5, 2020, a total of 95,333 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were reported, including 3,282 deaths, in China and at least 85 other countries and/or territories.7 Currently, the intermediate host of SARS-CoV-2 is still unknown, and no effective prophylactics or therapeutics are available.
T10 1550-1664 Sentence denotes This calls for the immediate development of vaccines and antiviral drugs for prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
T11 1665-2269 Sentence denotes A coronavirus contains four structural proteins, including spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N) proteins.2,10,11 Among them, S protein plays the most important roles in viral attachment, fusion and entry, and it serves as a target for development of antibodies, entry inhibitors and vaccines.1,12–17 The S protein mediates viral entry into host cells by first binding to a host receptor through the receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the S1 subunit and then fusing the viral and host membranes through the S2 subunit.16,18,19 SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV RBDs recognize different receptors.
T12 2270-2714 Sentence denotes SARS-CoV recognizes angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as its receptor, whereas MERS-CoV recognizes dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) as its receptor.20,21 Similar to SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 also recognizes ACE2 as its host receptor binding to viral S protein.22 Therefore, it is critical to define the RBD in SARS-CoV-2 S protein as the most likely target for the development of virus attachment inhibitors, neutralizing antibodies, and vaccines.
T13 2715-2896 Sentence denotes In this study, we identified the RBD fragment in SARS-CoV-2 S protein and found that the recombinant RBD protein bound strongly to human ACE2 (hACE2) and bat ACE2 (bACE2) receptors.
T14 2897-3107 Sentence denotes In addition, it blocked the entry of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV into their respective hACE2-expressing cells, suggesting that it may serve as a viral attachment inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection.
T15 3108-3284 Sentence denotes Moreover, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV RBD-specific polyclonal antibodies cross-reacted with SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein and inhibited SARS-CoV-2 entry into hACE2-expressing cells.
T16 3285-3528 Sentence denotes We have also shown that SARS-CoV RBD-specific polyclonal antibodies could cross-neutralize SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection, suggesting the potential to develop SARS-CoV RBD-based vaccine for prevention of infection by SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV.

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 762-771 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32203189-19198616-19774517 327-328 19198616 denotes 1
32203189-32457729-19774517 327-328 32457729 denotes 1
32203189-14585636-19774518 399-400 14585636 denotes 4
32203189-19198616-19774519 519-520 19198616 denotes 1
32203189-23075143-19774520 578-579 23075143 denotes 5
32203189-32457729-19774521 675-676 32457729 denotes 2
32203189-31978945-19774522 772-773 31978945 denotes 6
32203189-32457729-19774523 1793-1794 32457729 denotes 2
32203189-26985862-19774524 1795-1797 26985862 denotes 10
32203189-30058403-19774525 1798-1800 30058403 denotes 11
32203189-19198616-19774526 1980-1981 19198616 denotes 1
32203189-27936982-19774527 1982-1984 27936982 denotes 12
32203189-24473083-19774527 1982-1984 24473083 denotes 12
32203189-27874853-19774527 1982-1984 27874853 denotes 12
32203189-16731915-19774527 1982-1984 16731915 denotes 12
32203189-15043961-19774527 1982-1984 15043961 denotes 12
32203189-27468951-19774527 1982-1984 27468951 denotes 12
32203189-15043961-19774528 2203-2205 15043961 denotes 16
32203189-16166518-19774529 2206-2208 16166518 denotes 18
32203189-23831647-19774530 2209-2211 23831647 denotes 19
32203189-14647384-19774531 2420-2422 14647384 denotes 20
32203189-23486063-19774532 2423-2425 23486063 denotes 21