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PMC:7079563 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
2 16-60 Disease denotes 2019-novel-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia MESH:C000657245
3 87-106 Disease denotes infectious diseases MESH:D003141
12 162-179 Species denotes novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
13 181-190 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
14 552-557 Species denotes human Tax:9606
15 569-582 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
16 871-880 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
17 1065-1074 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
18 214-223 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
19 481-509 Disease denotes human coronavirus infections MESH:D018352
44 1097-1114 Species denotes novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
45 1141-1149 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
46 1172-1181 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
47 1199-1216 Species denotes human coronavirus Tax:694448
48 1240-1249 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
49 1265-1276 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:694448
50 1301-1307 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
51 1327-1332 Species denotes human Tax:9606
52 1333-1346 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
53 1443-1451 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
54 1453-1461 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
55 1466-1475 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
56 1566-1572 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
57 1623-1632 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
58 1775-1784 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
59 1826-1834 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
60 1888-1897 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
61 1372-1377 Species denotes NL-63 Tax:277944
62 1379-1383 Species denotes 229E Tax:11137
63 1385-1389 Species denotes HKU1 Tax:290028
64 1394-1398 Species denotes OC43 Tax:31631
65 1131-1140 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
66 1547-1562 Disease denotes acute infection MESH:D007239
67 1817-1825 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
69 1929-1939 Disease denotes pneumonias MESH:D011014
71 2010-2019 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
98 2244-2289 Species denotes Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Tax:694009
99 2291-2299 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
100 2306-2361 Species denotes Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Tax:1335626
101 2363-2384 Species denotes avian influenza virus Tax:11309
102 2437-2452 Species denotes new coronavirus Tax:2697049
103 2471-2480 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
104 3002-3010 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
105 3032-3041 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
106 3146-3151 Species denotes human Tax:9606
107 3155-3160 Species denotes human Tax:9606
108 3214-3223 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
109 3229-3237 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
110 3260-3265 Species denotes human Tax:9606
111 3269-3274 Species denotes human Tax:9606
112 3331-3340 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
113 3372-3377 Species denotes human Tax:9606
114 3381-3386 Species denotes human Tax:9606
115 3576-3585 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
116 3735-3743 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
117 3826-3843 Species denotes novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
118 2053-2062 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
119 2645-2654 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
120 2714-2719 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
121 2988-2998 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
122 3020-3028 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
123 3202-3210 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
162 4885-4893 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
163 4939-4947 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
164 5130-5138 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
165 5280-5297 Species denotes novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
166 5354-5362 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
167 5408-5425 Species denotes novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
168 5550-5572 Species denotes 2019 novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
169 5574-5583 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
170 5629-5638 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
171 5725-5732 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
172 5758-5763 Species denotes woman Tax:9606
173 5896-5905 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
174 6039-6046 Species denotes patient Tax:9606
175 6061-6066 Species denotes woman Tax:9606
176 6142-6150 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
177 6376-6381 Species denotes human Tax:9606
178 6385-6390 Species denotes human Tax:9606
179 6548-6557 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
180 6658-6667 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
181 6735-6740 Species denotes human Tax:9606
182 6744-6749 Species denotes human Tax:9606
183 6876-6885 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
184 7103-7112 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
185 7328-7336 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
186 7352-7361 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
187 7526-7535 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
188 4845-4854 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
189 4979-4988 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
190 5144-5153 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
191 5391-5400 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
192 5481-5486 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
193 5680-5688 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
194 6255-6265 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
195 6530-6538 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
196 6786-6791 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
197 7401-7410 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
198 7570-7576 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
199 7620-7629 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
201 4703-4712 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
207 4360-4369 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
208 4580-4586 Species denotes people Tax:9606
209 3985-4004 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV pneumonia MESH:C000657245
210 4145-4151 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
211 4255-4274 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection MESH:C000657245
217 7725-7734 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
218 7975-7983 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
219 8026-8034 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
220 8665-8670 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
221 8714-8723 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
223 9211-9216 Species denotes Human Tax:9606
261 9231-9236 Species denotes Human Tax:9606
262 9237-9250 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
263 9252-9256 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
264 9473-9478 Species denotes human Tax:9606
265 9479-9483 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
266 9491-9504 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
267 9506-9515 Species denotes HCoV-229E Tax:11137
268 9520-9529 Species denotes HCoV-NL63 Tax:277944
269 9539-9554 Species denotes β-coronaviruses Tax:694002
270 9556-9565 Species denotes HCoV-OC43 Tax:31631
271 9570-9579 Species denotes HCoV-HKU1 Tax:290028
272 9747-9754 Species denotes infants Tax:9606
273 9756-9764 Species denotes children Tax:9606
274 9802-9806 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
275 9860-9905 Species denotes Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Tax:694009
276 9907-9915 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
277 10081-10136 Species denotes Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Tax:1335626
278 10247-10264 Species denotes novel coronavirus Tax:2697049
279 10266-10275 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
280 10310-10313 Species denotes CoV Tax:11118
281 10382-10390 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
282 10401-10409 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
283 10454-10463 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
284 10545-10554 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
285 10627-10638 Species denotes SARS-CoV (2 Tax:2697049
286 10646-10654 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
287 10809-10818 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
288 9301-9344 Disease denotes hepatic and central nervous system diseases MESH:D002493
289 9346-9355 Disease denotes Infection MESH:D007239
290 9443-9448 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
291 9627-9652 Disease denotes upper respiratory disease MESH:D012141
292 9662-9673 Disease denotes common cold MESH:D003139
293 9733-9743 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
294 9825-9845 Disease denotes respiratory diseases MESH:D012140
295 10056-10062 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
296 10174-10182 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
297 10197-10203 Disease denotes deaths MESH:D003643
299 10870-10889 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection MESH:C000657245
329 11893-11902 Gene denotes cytokines
330 10959-10967 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
331 10972-10980 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
332 10987-10995 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
333 11106-11114 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
334 11348-11357 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
335 11358-11366 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
336 11441-11449 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
337 11453-11461 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
338 11689-11697 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
339 11813-11821 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
340 11826-11834 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
341 10915-10934 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection MESH:C000657245
342 11004-11009 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
343 11011-11020 Disease denotes dry cough MESH:D003371
344 11022-11029 Disease denotes dyspnea MESH:D004417
345 11120-11139 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection MESH:C000657245
346 11225-11236 Disease denotes sore throat MESH:D010608
347 11417-11425 Disease denotes diarrhea MESH:D003967
348 11478-11497 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection MESH:C000657245
349 11526-11561 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome MESH:D012128
350 11563-11575 Disease denotes septic shock MESH:D012772
351 11577-11595 Disease denotes metabolic acidosis MESH:D000138
352 11601-11609 Disease denotes bleeding MESH:D006470
353 11614-11637 Disease denotes coagulation dysfunction MESH:D001778
354 11674-11688 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
355 11723-11728 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
356 11784-11789 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
357 11836-11856 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infections MESH:C000657245
365 11927-11936 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
366 11964-11972 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
367 12209-12217 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
368 12597-12606 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
369 12752-12761 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
370 12939-12947 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
371 12695-12704 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
384 13391-13395 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
385 13499-13503 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
386 13045-13054 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
387 13164-13172 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
388 13230-13237 Species denotes persons Tax:9606
389 13372-13381 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
390 13412-13421 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
391 13459-13468 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
392 13686-13695 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
393 13632-13637 Disease denotes colon MESH:D003110
394 13673-13682 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
395 13802-13821 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection MESH:C000657245
403 14406-14414 Gene denotes Envelope Gene:43740570
404 13945-13954 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
405 13989-14004 Species denotes Betacoronavirus Tax:694002
406 14061-14074 Species denotes Coronaviridae Tax:11118
407 14160-14173 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
408 14175-14184 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
409 14287-14298 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:694448
417 15099-15108 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
418 15191-15200 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
419 15213-15217 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
420 15291-15300 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
421 15397-15408 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:694448
422 15410-15434 Species denotes SARS-related coronavirus Tax:694009
423 15461-15465 Species denotes CoVs Tax:11118
437 14562-14571 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
438 14602-14610 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
439 14637-14640 Species denotes CoV Tax:11118
440 14685-14694 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
441 14728-14737 Species denotes SARSr-CoV Tax:694009
442 14742-14750 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
443 14813-14826 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
444 14832-14835 Species denotes CoV Tax:11118
445 14943-14952 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
446 14972-14996 Species denotes SARS related coronavirus Tax:694009
447 14998-15007 Species denotes SARSr-CoV Tax:694009
448 14641-14647 CellLine denotes RaTG13 CVCL:AR51
449 14836-14842 CellLine denotes RaTG13 CVCL:AR51
482 17219-17223 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
483 17297-17300 Gene denotes Cat Gene:12359
484 18181-18184 Gene denotes Cat Gene:12359
485 17224-17244 Species denotes African green monkey Tax:9534
486 17256-17266 Species denotes R. sinicus Tax:89399
487 17268-17273 Species denotes Swine Tax:9823
488 17274-17290 Species denotes Malayan pangolin Tax:9974
489 17291-17296 Species denotes Mouse Tax:10090
490 17301-17306 Species denotes Camel Tax:9837
491 17312-17321 Species denotes Bos mutus Tax:72004
492 17322-17341 Species denotes Erinaceus europaeus Tax:9365
493 17342-17357 Species denotes Cavia porcellus Tax:10141
494 17358-17380 Species denotes Phascolarctos cinereus Tax:38626
495 17381-17401 Species denotes Sarcophilus harrisii Tax:9305
496 17402-17413 Species denotes Tiger Snake Tax:8663
497 17414-17425 Species denotes Parus major Tax:9157
498 17426-17439 Species denotes Gallus gallus Tax:9031
499 17440-17445 Species denotes Human Tax:9606
500 17548-17568 Species denotes African green monkey Tax:9534
501 17769-17779 Species denotes R. sinicus Tax:89399
502 17871-17876 Species denotes Swine Tax:9823
503 17968-17984 Species denotes Malayan pangolin Tax:9974
504 18080-18085 Species denotes Mouse Tax:10090
505 18280-18285 Species denotes Camel Tax:9837
506 18479-18488 Species denotes Bos mutus Tax:72004
507 18582-18601 Species denotes Erinaceus europaeus Tax:9365
508 18697-18712 Species denotes Cavia porcellus Tax:10141
509 18807-18829 Species denotes Phascolarctos cinereus Tax:38626
510 18925-18945 Species denotes Sarcophilus harrisii Tax:9305
511 19041-19052 Species denotes Tiger Snake Tax:8663
512 19143-19154 Species denotes Parus major Tax:9157
513 19244-19257 Species denotes Gallus gallus Tax:9031
515 17126-17130 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
530 19546-19549 Gene denotes cat Gene:12359
531 19371-19376 Species denotes human Tax:9606
532 19438-19447 Species denotes R.sinicus Tax:89399
533 19463-19468 Species denotes swine Tax:9823
534 19487-19503 Species denotes Malayan pangolin Tax:9974
535 19522-19527 Species denotes mouse Tax:10090
536 19568-19573 Species denotes camel Tax:9837
537 19615-19624 Species denotes Bos mutus Tax:72004
538 19643-19662 Species denotes Erinaceus europaeus Tax:9365
539 19681-19703 Species denotes Phascolarctos cinereus Tax:38626
540 19722-19742 Species denotes Sarcophilus harrisii Tax:9305
541 19761-19772 Species denotes tiger Snake Tax:8663
542 19791-19802 Species denotes Parus major Tax:9157
543 19821-19834 Species denotes Gallus gallus Tax:9031
547 19881-19885 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
548 19891-19897 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
549 20010-20016 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
588 15685-15690 Gene denotes spike Gene:43740568
589 15766-15771 Gene denotes furin Gene:5045
590 15849-15854 Gene denotes Spike Gene:43740568
591 16072-16077 Gene denotes spike Gene:43740568
592 16390-16394 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
593 16437-16441 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
594 16499-16503 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:100144303
595 16518-16522 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:70008
596 16580-16584 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
597 16759-16763 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:70008
598 16789-16793 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
599 16835-16840 Gene denotes spike Gene:43740568
600 16873-16877 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
601 16891-16895 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
602 16901-16905 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
603 16966-16970 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
604 16982-16986 Gene denotes ACE2 Gene:59272
605 16897-16900 Gene denotes cat Gene:847
606 15585-15598 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
607 15867-15872 Species denotes clove Tax:219868
608 16055-16066 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:694448
609 16200-16211 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:694448
610 16345-16354 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
611 16399-16407 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
612 16431-16436 Species denotes human Tax:9606
613 16443-16452 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
614 16469-16483 Species denotes horseshoe bats Tax:49442
615 16495-16498 Species denotes pig Tax:9823
616 16512-16517 Species denotes mouse Tax:10090
617 16574-16579 Species denotes human Tax:9606
618 16616-16630 Species denotes horseshoe bats Tax:49442
619 16639-16642 Species denotes pig Tax:9823
620 16647-16652 Species denotes mouse Tax:10090
621 16753-16758 Species denotes mouse Tax:10090
622 16783-16788 Species denotes human Tax:9606
623 16867-16872 Species denotes human Tax:9606
624 16960-16965 Species denotes human Tax:9606
625 17029-17038 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
644 20401-20422 Species denotes environmental samples Tax:33858
645 20468-20477 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
646 20692-20697 Species denotes human Tax:9606
647 20748-20753 Species denotes human Tax:9606
648 20779-20787 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
649 20792-20800 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
650 20865-20871 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
651 20905-20911 Species denotes camels Tax:9837
652 20938-20947 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
653 21004-21010 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
654 21093-21102 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
655 21261-21267 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
656 21334-21343 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
657 21357-21360 Species denotes CoV Tax:11118
658 21423-21429 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
659 20265-20284 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV pneumonia MESH:C000657245
660 21242-21260 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infected MESH:C000657245
661 21414-21422 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
669 21477-21490 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
670 21562-21570 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
671 21762-21771 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
672 21801-21807 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
673 22446-22455 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
674 21536-21545 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
675 22085-22094 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
703 23128-23137 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
704 23226-23235 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
705 23337-23346 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
706 23711-23717 Species denotes People Tax:9606
707 23739-23747 Species denotes Patients Tax:9606
708 24239-24248 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
709 24386-24391 Species denotes human Tax:9606
710 24392-24400 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
711 24545-24553 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
712 24581-24586 Species denotes mouse Tax:10090
713 24595-24600 Species denotes human Tax:9606
714 24901-24909 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
715 23538-23547 Chemical denotes lopinavir MESH:D061466
716 23800-23809 Chemical denotes ribavirin MESH:D012254
717 23823-23842 Chemical denotes lopinavir-ritonavir MESH:C558899
718 24277-24287 Chemical denotes remdesivir MESH:C000606551
719 24430-24440 Chemical denotes Remdesivir MESH:C000606551
720 24633-24643 Chemical denotes remdesivir MESH:C000606551
721 22672-22694 Disease denotes coronavirus infections MESH:D018352
722 23660-23669 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
723 24221-24230 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
724 24333-24352 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection MESH:C000657245
725 24406-24423 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV disease MESH:C000657245
726 24671-24686 Disease denotes virus infection MESH:D001102
727 24759-24779 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infections MESH:C000657245
728 24812-24821 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
729 24886-24900 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
744 24993-25002 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
745 25401-25410 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
746 25637-25642 Species denotes human Tax:9606
747 25711-25716 Species denotes human Tax:9606
748 25910-25916 Species denotes humans Tax:9606
749 26004-26009 Species denotes human Tax:9606
750 26123-26128 Species denotes human Tax:9606
751 26172-26180 Species denotes SARS-CoV Tax:694009
752 26182-26190 Species denotes MERS-CoV Tax:1335626
753 26204-26209 Species denotes Ebola Tax:1570291
754 26223-26232 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
755 26540-26545 Species denotes human Tax:9606
756 25505-25524 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV pneumonia MESH:C000657245
757 25534-25552 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 9313-9335 Body_part denotes central nervous system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma55675
T2 11071-11076 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576
T3 11230-11236 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738
T4 11287-11310 Body_part denotes lower respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45662
T5 11378-11388 Body_part denotes intestinal http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7199
T6 11893-11902 Body_part denotes cytokines http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84050
T7 12265-12288 Body_part denotes upper respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45661
T8 13515-13520 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T9 13530-13534 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7195
T10 13539-13544 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T11 13546-13555 Body_part denotes esophagus http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7131
T12 13574-13590 Body_part denotes epithelial cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma66768
T13 13585-13590 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T14 13607-13618 Body_part denotes enterocytes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62122
T15 13622-13627 Body_part denotes ileum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7208
T16 13632-13637 Body_part denotes colon http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma14543
T17 13666-13672 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T18 13928-13934 Body_part denotes genome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116
T19 14233-14236 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T20 14346-14352 Body_part denotes genome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116
T21 14510-14526 Body_part denotes structural genes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T22 14549-14555 Body_part denotes genome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116
T23 14882-14892 Body_part denotes nucleotide http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740
T24 15021-15028 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T25 15617-15621 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T26 15691-15698 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T27 15829-15847 Body_part denotes cellular membranes http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63841
T28 16043-16051 Body_part denotes proteins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T29 16078-16085 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T30 16108-16118 Body_part denotes amino acid http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739
T31 16369-16373 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T32 17092-17102 Body_part denotes amino acid http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739
T33 17195-17205 Body_part denotes amino acid http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739
T34 19967-19977 Body_part denotes amino acid http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739
T35 22531-22537 Body_part denotes sputum http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma312401
T36 22539-22562 Body_part denotes lower respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45662
T37 22575-22580 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9670
T38 22585-22590 Body_part denotes stool http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma64183
T39 23388-23391 Body_part denotes HIV http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683
T40 24517-24520 Body_part denotes RNA http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095
T41 24567-24572 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T42 24941-24947 Body_part denotes plasma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 9313-9335 Body_part denotes central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001017
T2 9321-9335 Body_part denotes nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001016
T3 11071-11076 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443
T4 11230-11236 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341
T5 11287-11310 Body_part denotes lower respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558
T6 11293-11310 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065
T7 12265-12288 Body_part denotes upper respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557
T8 12271-12288 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065
T9 13530-13534 Body_part denotes lung http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048
T10 13546-13555 Body_part denotes esophagus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001043
T11 13622-13627 Body_part denotes ileum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002116
T12 13632-13637 Body_part denotes colon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001155
T13 13666-13672 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T14 14460-14464 Body_part denotes tail http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002415
T15 22531-22537 Body_part denotes sputum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007311
T16 22539-22562 Body_part denotes lower respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558
T17 22545-22562 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065
T18 22575-22580 Body_part denotes blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178
T19 22585-22590 Body_part denotes stool http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001988
T20 23048-23053 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542

LitCovid_AGAC

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
p22323s16 11864-11902 MPA denotes production of high levels of cytokines

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 51-60 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T2 87-97 Disease denotes infectious http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T3 214-223 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T4 499-509 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T5 558-568 Disease denotes infectious http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T6 1131-1140 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T7 1443-1451 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T8 1553-1562 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T9 1929-1939 Disease denotes pneumonias http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T10 2010-2019 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T11 2053-2062 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T12 2244-2277 Disease denotes Severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T13 2291-2299 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T14 2363-2378 Disease denotes avian influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0018695
T15 2369-2378 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T16 2645-2654 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T17 2988-3001 Disease denotes infections in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T18 3995-4004 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T19 4255-4274 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T20 4265-4274 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T21 4845-4854 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T22 4979-4988 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T23 5144-5153 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T24 5391-5400 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T25 6255-6268 Disease denotes infections in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T26 7401-7410 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T27 7620-7629 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T28 8714-8723 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T29 9313-9344 Disease denotes central nervous system diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002602
T30 9346-9355 Disease denotes Infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T31 9633-9652 Disease denotes respiratory disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005087
T32 9662-9673 Disease denotes common cold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709
T33 9733-9746 Disease denotes infections in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T34 9825-9845 Disease denotes respiratory diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005087
T35 9860-9893 Disease denotes Severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T36 9907-9915 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T37 10382-10390 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T38 10627-10635 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T39 10870-10889 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T40 10880-10889 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T41 10915-10934 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T42 10925-10934 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T43 10959-10967 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T44 11120-11139 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T45 11130-11139 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T46 11225-11236 Disease denotes sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002258
T47 11417-11425 Disease denotes diarrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001673
T48 11453-11461 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T49 11478-11497 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T50 11488-11497 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T51 11526-11561 Disease denotes acute respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T52 11532-11561 Disease denotes respiratory distress syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009971
T53 11577-11595 Disease denotes metabolic acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000440
T54 11587-11595 Disease denotes acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006022
T55 11813-11821 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T56 11836-11856 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T57 11964-11972 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T58 12209-12217 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T59 12695-12704 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T60 13673-13682 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T61 13802-13821 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T62 13812-13821 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T63 14602-14610 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T64 14742-14750 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T65 14803-14807 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T66 14972-14976 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T67 15410-15414 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T68 16399-16407 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T69 17312-17315 Disease denotes Bos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008157
T70 18479-18482 Disease denotes Bos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008157
T71 19615-19618 Disease denotes Bos http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0008157
T72 20275-20284 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T73 20779-20787 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T74 21242-21260 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infected http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T75 21536-21545 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T76 22085-22094 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T77 22684-22694 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T78 23442-23446 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T79 23660-23669 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T80 23753-23757 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T81 24094-24096 Disease denotes GS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005773
T82 24221-24230 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T83 24333-24352 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T84 24343-24352 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T85 24540-24544 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T86 24665-24670 Disease denotes Ebola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005737
T87 24671-24686 Disease denotes virus infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005108
T88 24677-24686 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T89 24759-24779 Disease denotes 2019-nCoV infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T90 24812-24821 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T91 25515-25524 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T92 25534-25552 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T93 26172-26180 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T94 26204-26209 Disease denotes Ebola http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005737

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 160-161 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T2 299-302 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T3 481-486 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T4 552-557 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T5 1095-1096 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T6 1199-1204 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T7 1301-1307 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T8 1327-1332 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T9 1566-1572 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T10 1716-1723 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focuses
T11 2174-2175 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T12 2379-2384 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T13 2435-2436 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T14 2578-2590 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes Organization
T15 2632-2634 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T16 2642-2644 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T17 2875-2876 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T18 3146-3151 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T19 3155-3160 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T20 3260-3265 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T21 3269-3274 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T22 3372-3377 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T23 3381-3386 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T24 3610-3613 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T25 3859-3866 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T26 4811-4812 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T27 4871-4872 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T28 4895-4897 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T29 5106-5107 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T30 5181-5184 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001053 denotes 121
T31 5325-5333 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026 denotes organism
T32 5325-5333 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 denotes organism
T33 5335-5337 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733 denotes 11
T34 5351-5353 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T35 5508-5513 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T36 5736-5737 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T37 5911-5914 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T38 6051-6052 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T39 6376-6381 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T40 6385-6390 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T41 6735-6743 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human to
T42 6744-6749 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T43 6764-6766 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T44 7435-7437 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 34
T45 7793-7794 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T46 8409-8410 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T47 9211-9216 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes Human
T48 9231-9236 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes Human
T49 9313-9335 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001017 denotes central nervous system
T50 9313-9335 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000302 denotes central nervous system
T51 9313-9335 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000908 denotes central nervous system
T52 9473-9478 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T53 9711-9712 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T54 10064-10067 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050884 denotes Ten
T55 10147-10149 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T56 10331-10332 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T57 10535-10540 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T58 11071-11076 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes chest
T59 11259-11264 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T60 11287-11310 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558 denotes lower respiratory tract
T61 11378-11388 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000160 denotes intestinal
T62 11378-11388 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000834 denotes intestinal
T63 11999-12006 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T64 12659-12660 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T65 12867-12876 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000876 denotes extremely
T66 13215-13220 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T67 13397-13398 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T68 13515-13520 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T69 13530-13534 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000934 denotes lung
T70 13539-13544 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T71 13546-13555 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001043 denotes esophagus
T72 13563-13590 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000079 denotes stratified epithelial cells
T73 13622-13627 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002116 denotes ileum
T74 13632-13637 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001155 denotes colon
T75 13697-13699 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T76 13780-13781 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T77 14277-14278 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T78 14353-14365 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes organization
T79 14419-14427 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes Membrane
T80 14457-14458 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T81 14460-14464 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002415 denotes tail
T82 14480-14485 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 denotes genes
T83 14521-14526 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 denotes genes
T84 14633-14636 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T85 14799-14802 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T86 14828-14831 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T87 14847-14850 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T88 14970-14971 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T89 15617-15621 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T90 15838-15847 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membranes
T91 15858-15859 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T92 15941-15943 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050050 denotes S1
T93 16001-16002 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T94 16014-16016 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008922 denotes S2
T95 16014-16016 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050052 denotes S2
T96 16086-16089 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T97 16191-16196 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 denotes genes
T98 16235-16237 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050509 denotes 27
T99 16250-16251 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T100 16369-16373 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T101 16431-16436 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T102 16479-16483 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T103 16512-16517 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouse
T104 16574-16579 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T105 16585-16588 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T106 16626-16630 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T107 16647-16652 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouse
T108 16753-16758 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouse
T109 16783-16788 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T110 16867-16872 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T111 16960-16965 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T112 17238-17244 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9479 denotes monkey
T113 17291-17296 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes Mouse
T114 17301-17306 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837 denotes Camel
T115 17307-17311 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9925 denotes Goat
T116 17342-17357 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10141 denotes Cavia porcellus
T117 17426-17439 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9031 denotes Gallus gallus
T118 17440-17445 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes Human
T119 17562-17568 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9479 denotes monkey
T120 18080-18085 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes Mouse
T121 18280-18285 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837 denotes Camel
T122 18380-18384 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9925 denotes Goat
T123 18697-18712 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10141 denotes Cavia porcellus
T124 19244-19257 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9031 denotes Gallus gallus
T125 19371-19376 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T126 19392-19398 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9479 denotes monkey
T127 19433-19436 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T128 19522-19527 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouse
T129 19568-19573 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837 denotes camel
T130 19592-19596 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9925 denotes goat
T131 19821-19834 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9031 denotes Gallus gallus
T132 19891-19897 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T133 19902-19904 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T134 19911-19918 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T135 20010-20016 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T136 20027-20034 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T137 20512-20513 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T138 20530-20537 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T139 20623-20627 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T140 20643-20647 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T141 20692-20697 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T142 20730-20735 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T143 20741-20744 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T144 20748-20756 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human is
T145 20817-20821 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bats
T146 20865-20871 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T147 20905-20911 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9837 denotes camels
T148 20972-20983 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat but was
T149 21004-21010 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T150 21070-21072 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 34
T151 21076-21078 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000 denotes 35
T152 21103-21106 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T153 21261-21267 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T154 21272-21275 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T155 21353-21356 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397 denotes bat
T156 21423-21429 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T157 21431-21433 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001313 denotes 36
T158 21772-21775 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T159 21801-21807 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T160 22120-22127 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T161 22539-22562 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558 denotes lower respiratory tract
T162 22575-22580 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 denotes blood
T163 22575-22580 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000296 denotes blood
T164 22666-22671 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T165 22740-22741 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T166 22851-22852 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T167 22880-22881 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T168 23025-23026 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T169 23107-23115 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T170 23185-23188 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T171 23209-23217 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T172 23318-23328 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activities
T173 23577-23579 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053794 denotes 41
T174 24205-24210 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T175 24386-24391 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T176 24425-24427 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799 denotes 45
T177 24441-24444 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T178 24473-24474 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T179 24521-24528 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T180 24558-24572 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000010 denotes cultured cells
T181 24581-24586 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007836 denotes mouse
T182 24595-24600 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T183 24601-24608 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9443 denotes primate
T184 24671-24676 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T185 24846-24849 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000784 denotes IPC
T186 24941-24947 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001969 denotes plasma
T187 25060-25063 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T188 25160-25167 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes testing
T189 25466-25471 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T190 25528-25529 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T191 25589-25596 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T192 25637-25642 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T193 25711-25716 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T194 25717-25727 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activities
T195 25781-25788 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T196 25819-25826 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T197 25880-25887 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T198 25910-25916 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes humans
T199 26004-26009 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T200 26027-26028 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T201 26077-26084 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T202 26123-26135 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human beings
T203 26156-26163 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T204 26380-26386 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T205 26540-26545 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T206 26759-26766 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000982 denotes jointly
T207 26759-26766 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004905 denotes jointly

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 445-460 Chemical denotes antiviral drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36044
T2 445-454 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T3 455-460 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T4 696-700 Chemical denotes drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T5 1372-1374 Chemical denotes NL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_141422
T6 1669-1677 Chemical denotes medicine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T7 3876-3881 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T8 4655-4663 Chemical denotes carriers http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78059
T9 14316-14324 Chemical denotes electron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10545
T10 14851-14853 Chemical denotes SL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74815
T11 14882-14892 Chemical denotes nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976
T12 15021-15028 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T13 15691-15698 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T14 15714-15718 Chemical denotes acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T15 16014-16016 Chemical denotes S2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29387
T16 16043-16051 Chemical denotes proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T17 16078-16085 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T18 16108-16118 Chemical denotes amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709
T19 16108-16113 Chemical denotes amino http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882
T20 16114-16118 Chemical denotes acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T21 16897-16900 Chemical denotes cat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32402
T22 17092-17102 Chemical denotes amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709
T23 17092-17097 Chemical denotes amino http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882
T24 17098-17102 Chemical denotes acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T25 17195-17205 Chemical denotes amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709
T26 17195-17200 Chemical denotes amino http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882
T27 17201-17205 Chemical denotes acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T28 19546-19549 Chemical denotes cat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32402
T29 19967-19977 Chemical denotes amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709
T30 19967-19972 Chemical denotes amino http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882
T31 19973-19977 Chemical denotes acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T32 22173-22182 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T33 22203-22211 Chemical denotes antigens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59132
T34 22299-22311 Chemical denotes nucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33696
T35 22307-22311 Chemical denotes acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T36 22456-22469 Chemical denotes nucleic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33696
T37 22464-22469 Chemical denotes acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527
T38 22629-22638 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T39 22842-22847 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T40 22941-22945 Chemical denotes drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T41 23076-23081 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T42 23148-23152 Chemical denotes drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T43 23174-23184 Chemical denotes nelfinavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7496
T44 23199-23208 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T45 23250-23262 Chemical denotes pitavastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32020
T46 23264-23274 Chemical denotes perampanel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71013
T47 23280-23292 Chemical denotes praziquantel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45267
T48 23392-23396 Chemical denotes drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T49 23403-23410 Chemical denotes Kaletra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145924
T50 23482-23501 Chemical denotes protease inhibitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37670|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60258
T52 23491-23501 Chemical denotes inhibitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222
T53 23503-23512 Chemical denotes ritonavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45409
T54 23538-23547 Chemical denotes lopinavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781
T55 23616-23623 Chemical denotes Kaletra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145924
T56 23784-23789 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T57 23800-23809 Chemical denotes ribavirin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63580
T58 23811-23821 Chemical denotes interferon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52999
T59 23823-23842 Chemical denotes lopinavir-ritonavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145924
T60 23823-23832 Chemical denotes lopinavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781
T61 23833-23842 Chemical denotes ritonavir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45409
T62 23848-23863 Chemical denotes corticosteroids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50858
T63 23893-23898 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T64 23929-23944 Chemical denotes antiviral drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36044
T65 23929-23938 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T66 23939-23944 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T67 23951-23954 Chemical denotes FAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16238|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57692|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73627
T70 23964-23969 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T71 23980-23989 Chemical denotes ribavirin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63580
T72 23991-24002 Chemical denotes penciclovir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7956
T73 24027-24038 Chemical denotes chloroquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T74 24067-24082 Chemical denotes antiviral drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36044
T75 24067-24076 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T76 24077-24082 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T77 24094-24101 Chemical denotes GS-5734 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145994
T78 24094-24096 Chemical denotes GS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73516
T79 24116-24121 Chemical denotes T-705 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134722
T80 24277-24287 Chemical denotes remdesivir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145994
T81 24292-24303 Chemical denotes chloroquine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638
T82 24485-24499 Chemical denotes antiviral drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36044
T83 24485-24494 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T84 24495-24499 Chemical denotes drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T85 24633-24643 Chemical denotes remdesivir http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145994
T86 24846-24849 Chemical denotes IPC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53004
T87 25155-25159 Chemical denotes drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888
T88 25364-25379 Chemical denotes antiviral drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36044
T89 25364-25373 Chemical denotes antiviral http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587
T90 25374-25379 Chemical denotes drugs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 935-942 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009606 denotes tropism
T2 11614-11625 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050817 denotes coagulation
T3 12289-12299 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 denotes secretions
T4 15729-15740 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006508 denotes proteolysis
T5 22563-22573 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046903 denotes secretions
T6 25331-25348 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019079 denotes viral replication
T7 25331-25348 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019058 denotes viral replication
T8 25350-25362 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405 denotes pathogenesis
T9 26413-26420 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051235 denotes storage

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-120 Sentence denotes The epidemic of 2019-novel-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia and insights for emerging infectious diseases in the future
T2 122-130 Sentence denotes Abstract
T3 131-390 Sentence denotes At the end of December 2019, a novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, caused an outbreak of pneumonia spreading from Wuhan, Hubei province, to the whole country of China, which has posed great threats to public health and attracted enormous attention around the world.
T4 391-510 Sentence denotes To date, there are no clinically approved vaccines or antiviral drugs available for these human coronavirus infections.
T5 511-802 Sentence denotes Intensive research on the novel emerging human infectious coronaviruses is urgently needed to elucidate their route of transmission and pathogenic mechanisms, and to identify potential drug targets, which would promote the development of effective preventive and therapeutic countermeasures.
T6 803-1075 Sentence denotes Herein, we describe the epidemic and etiological characteristics of 2019-nCoV, discuss its essential biological features, including tropism and receptor usage, summarize approaches for disease prevention and treatment, and speculate on the transmission route of 2019-nCoV.
T7 1077-1182 Sentence denotes In December 2019, a novel coronavirus was detected in pneumonia patients which was later named 2019-nCoV.
T8 1183-1312 Sentence denotes Since the first human coronavirus detected in the 1960s, 2019-nCoV is the seventh coronavirus that is known to infect humans [1].
T9 1313-1505 Sentence denotes Among all the human coronaviruses, four of them, including NL-63, 229E, HKU1 and OC43, cause mild illness, while the other three, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and 2019-nCoV, lead to serious disease [2].
T10 1506-1703 Sentence denotes To characterize the new pathogen causing acute infection in humans, researchers have conducted urgent studies on the 2019-nCoV, from its epidemiology and clinical medicine to etiology and virology.
T11 1704-1898 Sentence denotes This review focuses on the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of 2019-nCoV, the diagnosis and treatment of infected patients, and in particular, evidence regarding the origin of 2019-nCoV.
T12 1900-1959 Sentence denotes 1 Emergence and epidemic of pneumonias caused by 2019-nCoV
T13 1961-2019 Sentence denotes 1.1 Pathogen identification and transmission of pneumonia
T14 2020-2138 Sentence denotes On 31th December 2019, the first pneumonia case of unknown etiology was reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
T15 2139-2425 Sentence denotes In order to identify the etiology, a number of possible etiological agents were ruled out, including the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), avian influenza virus, and other common respiratory pathogens.
T16 2426-2617 Sentence denotes Finally, a new coronavirus, temporally named 2019-nCoV, was identified to be the pathogen responsible for disease, and it was announced by World Health Organization (WHO) on 12th January [3].
T17 2618-2724 Sentence denotes As of January 11, 2020, 41 pneumonia cases were diagnosed, including seven severe cases and one death [2].
T18 2725-2833 Sentence denotes At that time, there was no evidence of person-to-person transmission according to the scientific literature.
T19 2834-2921 Sentence denotes The first “super-spreading” event became a hallmark of the epidemiology of the disease.
T20 2922-3178 Sentence denotes On January 20, 2020, in epidemiological investigations, two local infections in patients who were infected by 2019-nCoV without physical visits to Wuhan were reported in Guangdong Province, which confirmed the occurrence of human-to-human transmission [4].
T21 3179-3289 Sentence denotes Then, 14 medical staff infected by 2019-nCoV from patients further confirmed the human-to-human contagion [5].
T22 3290-3457 Sentence denotes On 21th January 2020, WHO announced that 2019-nCoV was possibly sustained through human-to-human transmission, warning the public to take self-protection measures [3].
T23 3458-3539 Sentence denotes The first of many cases, this disease was rapidly shown to cause an epidemic [6].
T24 3540-3744 Sentence denotes Due to the high transmissibility of 2019-nCoV, the Chinese government has taken quick action and various measures to deal with the epidemic, trying to prevent spread of the outbreak and to treat patients.
T25 3745-3910 Sentence denotes Researchers put much effort to understand the origin and pathophysiology of this novel coronavirus, and have been testing multiple drugs to screen effective therapy.
T26 3912-3950 Sentence denotes 1.2 Current situation of the epidemic
T27 3951-4057 Sentence denotes Until February 6, 2020, confirmed 2019-nCoV pneumonia cases were increasing with worrisome speed in China.
T28 4058-4196 Sentence denotes As of 5th February, there were 24,377 cases confirmed in mainland China, including 492 deaths, 3219 severe cases, and 901 cured cases [6].
T29 4197-4228 Sentence denotes The fatality rate was about 2%.
T30 4229-4329 Sentence denotes In addition, 175 cases of 2019-nCoV infection were confirmed in 24 other countries around the world.
T31 4330-4406 Sentence denotes The typical events during the 2019-nCoV outbreak are summarized in Table 1 .
T32 4407-4516 Sentence denotes The period from the end of December 2019 to January 2020 was the “Spring Festival travel rush” time in China.
T33 4517-4680 Sentence denotes Although the government issued an order to control the flow of people, the disease spread rapidly to other cities because of asymptomatic carriers [[7], [8], [9]].
T34 4681-4713 Sentence denotes Table 1 Key events of 2019-nCoV.
T35 4714-4729 Sentence denotes Date Key events
T36 4730-4855 Sentence denotes 31 December 2019 The Health Commission of Hubei province, China, first announced a cluster of unexplained cases of pneumonia.
T37 4856-5072 Sentence denotes 3 January 2020 A total of 44 patients (11 are severely ill, while the remaining 33 patients are in stable condition.) with pneumonia of unknown etiology have been reported to WHO by the national authorities in China.
T38 5073-5219 Sentence denotes 5 January 2020 The WHO published a document detailing 44 patients had “pneumonia of unknown etiology”, with 121 close contacts under surveillance.
T39 5220-5334 Sentence denotes 8 January 2020 The genetic sequencing demonstrated that the novel coronavirus is the potential causative organism.
T40 5335-5487 Sentence denotes 11 January 2020 41 patients have been diagnosed to have infection of the novel coronavirus, with 763 close contacts, 7 severe cases and the first death.
T41 5488-5585 Sentence denotes 12 January 2020 The virus was tentatively named by WHO as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).
T42 5586-5661 Sentence denotes 13 January 2020 The first imported case of 2019-nCoV was found in Thailand.
T43 5662-5720 Sentence denotes This is the first infected person diagnosed outside China.
T44 5721-5808 Sentence denotes The patient is a 61-year-old Chinese woman living in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
T45 5809-5858 Sentence denotes 16 January 2020 The first case reported in Japan.
T46 5859-5946 Sentence denotes This is the second confirmed case of 2019-nCoV that has been detected outside of China.
T47 5947-5984 Sentence denotes The person travelled to Wuhan, China.
T48 5985-6034 Sentence denotes 19 January 2020 The first case reported in Korea.
T49 6035-6120 Sentence denotes The patient was a Chinese woman who flew from Wuhan to Incheon International Airport.
T50 6121-6171 Sentence denotes Four other suspected patients were being examined.
T51 6172-6228 Sentence denotes Furthermore, the first case reported in Shenzhen, China.
T52 6229-6442 Sentence denotes 20 January 2020 Two local infections in the Chinese province of Guangdong with no direct visit to Wuhan were the first confirmed the occurrence of human-to-human transmission through epidemiological investigation.
T53 6443-6490 Sentence denotes And the first case reported in Shanghai, China.
T54 6491-6567 Sentence denotes 21 January 2020 15 health-care workers infected with the 2019-nCoV in Wuhan.
T55 6568-6682 Sentence denotes Zhejiang Province, Henan Province, Sichuan Province and Taiwa confirmed the first case of 2019-nCoV, respectively.
T56 6683-6763 Sentence denotes The WHO announced that there was possible sustained human to-human transmission.
T57 6764-6810 Sentence denotes 22–23 January 2020 17 death in Hubei Province.
T58 6811-6886 Sentence denotes America and Macao and Many provinces confirmed the first case of 2019-nCoV.
T59 6887-7127 Sentence denotes Such as Shandong Province, Yunnan Province, Hunan Province, America, Macao, Anhui Province, Fujian Province, Guizhou Province, Shanxi Province, Ningxia Autonomous Region and Hebei Province reported the first case of 2019-nCoV, respectively.
T60 7128-7281 Sentence denotes 23 January 2020 the local government in Wuhan announced the suspension of public transportation, with closure of airports, railway stations, and highways
T61 7282-7370 Sentence denotes 24 January 2020 Zhejiang and Shanghai’s first patients diagnosed with 2019-nCoV recover.
T62 7371-7509 Sentence denotes 5 February 2020 The confirmed pneumonia cases are increasing in 34 provinces, municipalities, and special administrative regions in China.
T63 7510-7606 Sentence denotes 24,377 cases of 2019-nCoV confirmed in China, including 492 deaths, 3219 serious, and 901 cured.
T64 7607-7681 Sentence denotes 175 cases of infection were confirmed in 24 other cities around the world.
T65 7683-7707 Sentence denotes 1.3 Preventive measures
T66 7708-7822 Sentence denotes To deal with the 2019-nCoV epidemic, the central and local governments of China took a series of drastic measures.
T67 7823-8091 Sentence denotes First of all, Chinese health authorities conducted an immediate investigation to characterize and control the disease, including isolation of suspected patients, monitoring of contact clinical status of patients, and developing diagnostic and treatment procedures [5].
T68 8092-8323 Sentence denotes In addition, on January 23, 2020, the local government of Wuhan announced the suspension of public transportation, closing airports, railway stations, and highways in the city, in order to prevent further disease transmission [10].
T69 8324-8508 Sentence denotes Subsequently, most provinces in China claimed “Level I Emergency Response” by taking a series of measures such as suspending public transportation and setting up community quarantines.
T70 8509-8658 Sentence denotes Particularly, the list of the first-level designated hospitals was announced, and epidemic prevention training for primary medical staff was started.
T71 8659-8935 Sentence denotes Since fever is one of typical clinical symptoms of the infection, temperature detection of incoming and outgoing personnel was implemented comprehensively in railway stations, passenger stations and other public places, in order to screen suspected cases as early as possible.
T72 8936-9149 Sentence denotes In addition, many other compulsory measures limiting population mobility, such as cancellation of mass gatherings, school closures, work-from-home arrangements, was taken to reduce within-population contact rates.
T73 9151-9204 Sentence denotes 2 Epidemiological and clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV
T74 9206-9230 Sentence denotes 2.1 Human coronaviruses
T75 9231-9345 Sentence denotes Human coronaviruses (CoVs) could cause respiratory, gastrointestinal, hepatic and central nervous system diseases.
T76 9346-9456 Sentence denotes Infection outcomes vary from mild, self-limiting disease, to more severe manifestations and even death [1,11].
T77 9457-9846 Sentence denotes Among the seven human CoVs, two α-coronaviruses (HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63) and two β-coronaviruses (HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-HKU1) were thought to cause only mild self-limiting upper respiratory disease, such as common cold in immunocompetent hosts, except for a few cases of severe infections in infants, children and seniors [12,13]; the other three CoVs could cause fatal respiratory diseases.
T78 9847-10063 Sentence denotes In 2002, the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) emerged in Guangdong province, China, spreading to 37 countries, and its subsequent global epidemic was associated with 8096 cases and 774 deaths.
T79 10064-10218 Sentence denotes Ten years later, Middle-East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) spread to 27 countries, causing 2494 infected cases and 858 deaths worldwide [1].
T80 10219-10420 Sentence denotes And the recently identified novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), was the third highly pathogenic CoV discovered, with a mortality of 2% which is much lower than that of SARS-CoV (10%) and MERS-CoV (37%) [6].
T81 10421-10684 Sentence denotes However, the transmissibility of 2019-nCoV is higher, the mean R0 (R0 is used to estimate the transmissibility of virus) of 2019-nCoV ranged from 3.3 to 5.5, and it appeared (slightly) higher than those of SARS-CoV (2–5) and MERS-CoV (2.7–3.9) [[14], [15], [16]].
T82 10685-10842 Sentence denotes Measures on ‘entry, exit and travel’ screening and restrictions are likely to reduce the effective R0, which should benefit 2019-nCoV control and prevention.
T83 10844-10889 Sentence denotes 2.2 Clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection
T84 10890-10981 Sentence denotes The clinical symptoms of 2019-nCoV infection are similar to those of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
T85 10982-11096 Sentence denotes Most patients present fever, dry cough, dyspnea, and bilateral ground-glass opacities on chest CT scans [4,17,18].
T86 11097-11318 Sentence denotes However, patients with 2019-nCoV infection rarely have obvious upper respiratory signs and symptoms (such as snot, sneezing, or sore throat), indicating that the virus primarily infects the lower respiratory tract [4,17].
T87 11319-11467 Sentence denotes In addition, about 20–25% of 2019-nCoV patients experience intestinal symptoms and signs (such as diarrhea), similarly to MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV [17].
T88 11468-11638 Sentence denotes In severe 2019-nCoV infection cases, the symptoms include acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, and bleeding and coagulation dysfunction.
T89 11639-11794 Sentence denotes It is worth noting that severe and critically ill patients may have moderate to low fever during the course of the disease, even without obvious fever [3].
T90 11795-11910 Sentence denotes Furthermore, like SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, 2019-nCoV infections induce production of high levels of cytokines [2,17].
T91 11911-11973 Sentence denotes The epidemic of 2019-nCoV bears some similarities to SARS-CoV.
T92 11974-12199 Sentence denotes The outbreaks of the two viruses occurred at about the same time during the year, and they were quite stable in the environment, especially in air-conditioned space, owing to lower ambient temperature and lower humidity [19].
T93 12200-12405 Sentence denotes However, SARS-CoV had an aberrant trait that the “viral load” in upper respiratory tract secretions was low in the first 5 days of illness, then increased progressively and peaked early in the second week.
T94 12406-12575 Sentence denotes Consequently, the transmission rate was relatively low in the first days of illness, providing an opportunity for case detection and isolation to interrupt transmission.
T95 12576-12739 Sentence denotes On the contrary, for 2019-nCoV, the incubation lasts for an average of 10 days (in a reported range of 2–14 days) from infection to symptoms surfacing [2,4,17,20].
T96 12740-13003 Sentence denotes Even worse, 2019-nCoV is able to spread from one person to another even before any actual clinical manifestations, leading to “extremely challenging” conditions for detecting and isolating potential patients, which makes it more difficult to control the epidemic.
T97 13005-13044 Sentence denotes 2.3 Transmission routes of the disease
T98 13045-13242 Sentence denotes 2019-nCoV is thought to be transmitted through droplets, close contact, aerosol and maybe fecal-oral transmission, and patients in the incubation period can transmit the virus to other persons [5].
T99 13243-13390 Sentence denotes The distribution of the viral receptor can explain the pathogenic mechanisms, clinical manifestations and transmission routes of 2019-nCoV [20,21].
T100 13391-13469 Sentence denotes ACE2, a receptor for 2019-nCoV, is necessary for the viral entry of 2019-nCoV.
T101 13470-13701 Sentence denotes The ubiquitous expression of ACE2 in various cells, such as lung AT2 cells, esophagus upper, stratified epithelial cells, and absorptive enterocytes of ileum and colon may contribute to the multi-tissue infection of 2019-nCoV [22].
T102 13702-13830 Sentence denotes Therefore, besides respiratory and bodily contact, fecal-oral transmission is a potential route for 2019-nCoV infection [23,24].
T103 13832-13882 Sentence denotes 3 Biological features and origin of the 2019-nCoV
T104 13884-13910 Sentence denotes 3.1 Genomics of 2019-nCoV
T105 13911-14140 Sentence denotes According to the genome analysis, 2019-nCoV belongs to Sarbecovirus subgenus, Betacoronavirus genus of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae of the suborder cornidovirineae of the order Nidovirales [20,26].
T106 14141-14341 Sentence denotes Similarly to other coronaviruses, 2019-nCoV is an enveloped, single-stranded positive-sense RNA (+ssRNA) with around 29,900 nt, showing a typical coronavirus appearance under electron microscopy [20].
T107 14342-14561 Sentence denotes The genome organization is 5′-leader-UTR-replicase-S (Spike)-E (Envelope)-M (Membrane)-N (Nucleocapsid)-3′UTRpoly (A) tail with accessory genes interspersed within the structural genes and the 3′ end of the genome [26].
T108 14562-14653 Sentence denotes 2019-nCoV shares 79.5% nt identity with SARS-CoV and 96% identity with bat-CoV-RaTG13 [20].
T109 14654-14932 Sentence denotes The genetic characteristics of 2019-nCoV are significantly different from SARSr-CoV and SARS-CoV, which are closely related only to the specific bat SARS-like coronaviruses, bat-CoV-RaTG13 and bat-SL-CoVZC45, with 96% and 86.9% nucleotide sequence identities, respectively [20].
T110 14933-15062 Sentence denotes Therefore 2019-nCoV is considered as a SARS related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) by pairwise protein sequence analysis (Fig. 1 ) [20].
T111 15063-15109 Sentence denotes Fig. 1 The evolutionary position of 2019-nCoV.
T112 15110-15280 Sentence denotes The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the complete genomic sequences of 2019-nCoV and related CoVs by using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method with 1000 bootstrap.
T113 15281-15360 Sentence denotes The novel 2019-nCoV detected strains were indicated in bold with solid squares.
T114 15361-15435 Sentence denotes Abbreviations are as follows: SARSr coronavirus, SARS-related coronavirus.
T115 15436-15492 Sentence denotes The accession numbers of CoVs were showed in the figure.
T116 15493-15530 Sentence denotes Bootstrap values above 50 were shown.
T117 15532-15564 Sentence denotes 3.2 Receptor usage of 2019-nCoV
T118 15565-15646 Sentence denotes The prerequisite of coronaviruses invading the host-cell is to bind to receptors.
T119 15647-15848 Sentence denotes Following receptor binding, the viral spike protein is cleaved via acid-dependent proteolysis by cathepsin, TMPRRS2 or furin protease, followed by fusion of the viral envelop to the cellular membranes.
T120 15849-16024 Sentence denotes Spike is a large, clove-shaped trimer, which can be cleaved by proteases into an N-terminal S1 subunit containing the receptor binding domain (RBD) and a C-terminal S2 region.
T121 16025-16315 Sentence denotes Compared to other proteins of coronavirus, the spike protein has the most variable amino acid sequences which results from the strongest positive selection among all genes of coronavirus to adapt to its hosts [27].The RBD is a major determinant of host range and cross-species transmission.
T122 16316-16422 Sentence denotes Recently results showed that 2019-nCoV uses the same cell entry receptor, ACE2, as SARS-CoV [21,24,20,28].
T123 16423-16549 Sentence denotes Besides human ACE2, 2019-nCoV can use Chinese horseshoe bats, civet, or pig ACE2 but not mouse ACE2 as an entry receptor [24].
T124 16550-16846 Sentence denotes One explanation is that human ACE2 has high homology with Chinese horseshoe bats, civet, pig and mouse, which are 80.75%, 83.48%, 81.37%, 82.11% respectively (Table 2 ), while the residues 82 and 353 of mouse ACE2 are different from human ACE2 which are important residues for bind to spike [29].
T125 16847-16943 Sentence denotes But the homology of human ACE2 and pangolin ACE2, cat ACE2 are also high with 84.84% and 85.22%.
T126 16944-17016 Sentence denotes The homology of human ACE2 with other ACE2 varies from 59.73% to 83.23%.
T127 17017-17070 Sentence denotes In summary, 2019-nCoV may have extensive host ranges.
T128 17071-17079 Sentence denotes Fig. 2 .
T129 17080-17155 Sentence denotes Table 2 The amino acid sequence identities of ACE2 among different species.
T130 17156-17223 Sentence denotes Species Pairwise identities (%) of the amino acid sequences of ACE2
T131 17224-17439 Sentence denotes African green monkey Civet Bat (R. sinicus) Swine Malayan pangolin Mouse Cat Camel Goat Bos mutus Erinaceus europaeus Cavia porcellus Phascolarctos cinereus Sarcophilus harrisii Tiger Snake Parus major Gallus gallus
T132 17440-17547 Sentence denotes Human 93.93 83.48 80.75 81.37 84.84 82.11 85.22 83.23 81.61 81.24 79.01 77.29 71.17 70.51 59.73 67.08 65.31
T133 17548-17663 Sentence denotes African green monkey 81.78 79.93 79.93 83.77 81.78 83.15 81.91 81.41 80.92 77.94 76.85 70.38 69.84 59.21 65.6 64.13
T134 17664-17763 Sentence denotes Civet 81.78 81.49 82.73 85.59 81.61 93.29 83.85 81.86 81.74 79.75 75.55 71.66 71.63 59.6 67.44 66.3
T135 17764-17870 Sentence denotes Bat (R. sinicus) 79.93 81.49 80 82.86 78.26 83.73 81.37 80.37 80 78.51 74.56 69.68 70.02 58.61 65.11 65.19
T136 17871-17967 Sentence denotes Swine 79.93 82.73 80 82.61 80.62 83.98 89.81 87.7 87.58 77.64 75.3 71.17 71.01 61.09 66.95 65.56
T137 17968-18079 Sentence denotes Malayan pangolin 83.77 85.59 82.86 82.61 82.73 87.33 84.72 82.11 81.86 80.87 77.17 71.66 70.89 59.6 67.44 65.07
T138 18080-18180 Sentence denotes Mouse 81.78 81.61 78.26 80.62 82.73 81.74 80.99 80.12 80.37 78.63 78.16 71.05 71.13 61.21 67.2 66.17
T139 18181-18279 Sentence denotes Cat 83.15 93.29 83.73 83.98 87.33 81.74 85.71 83.23 83.11 81.49 76.42 72.65 72.25 59.6 67.81 66.79
T140 18280-18379 Sentence denotes Camel 81.91 83.85 81.37 89.81 84.72 80.99 85.71 88.2 88.57 79.25 77.29 71.79 72.12 61.34 67.2 66.42
T141 18380-18478 Sentence denotes Goat 81.41 81.86 80.37 87.7 82.11 80.12 83.23 88.2 97.76 78.14 76.54 72.04 71.38 60.84 66.09 65.44
T142 18479-18581 Sentence denotes Bos mutus 80.92 81.74 80 87.58 81.86 80.37 83.11 88.57 97.76 78.39 77.04 71.42 71.01 61.09 66.09 65.31
T143 18582-18696 Sentence denotes Erinaceus europaeus 77.94 79.75 78.51 77.64 80.87 78.63 81.49 79.25 78.14 78.39 74.56 70.67 69.65 60.59 68.8 66.42
T144 18697-18806 Sentence denotes Cavia porcellus 76.85 75.55 74.56 75.3 77.17 78.16 76.42 77.29 76.54 77.04 74.56 66.61 66.82 59.38 63.9 63.12
T145 18807-18924 Sentence denotes Phascolarctos cinereus 70.38 71.66 69.68 71.17 71.66 71.05 72.65 71.79 72.04 71.42 70.67 66.61 81.92 60.7 67.08 64.83
T146 18925-19040 Sentence denotes Sarcophilus harrisii 69.84 71.63 70.02 71.01 70.89 71.13 72.25 72.12 71.38 71.01 69.65 66.82 81.92 60.9 64.62 63.84
T147 19041-19142 Sentence denotes Tiger Snake 59.21 59.6 58.61 61.09 59.6 61.21 59.6 61.34 60.84 61.09 60.59 59.38 60.7 60.9 64.5 63.71
T148 19143-19243 Sentence denotes Parus major 65.6 67.44 65.11 66.95 67.44 67.2 67.81 67.2 66.09 66.09 68.8 63.9 67.08 64.62 64.5 82.2
T149 19244-19351 Sentence denotes Gallus gallus 64.13 66.3 65.19 65.56 65.07 66.17 66.79 66.42 65.44 65.31 66.42 63.12 64.83 63.84 63.71 82.2
T150 19352-19848 Sentence denotes Accession numbers: human (NP_068576.1), monkey (AY996037.1), civet (AAX63775.1), bat (R.sinicus) (AGZ48803.1), swine (NP_001116542.1), Malayan pangolin (XP_017505752.1), mouse (NP_001123985.1), cat (NP_001034545.1), camel (XP_010991717.1), goat (NP_001277036.1), Bos mutus (XP_005903173.1), Erinaceus europaeus (XP_007538670.1), Phascolarctos cinereus (XP_020863153.1), Sarcophilus harrisii (XP_031814825.1), tiger Snake (XP_026530754.1), Parus major (XP_015486815.1), Gallus gallus (QEQ50331.1).
T151 19849-19919 Sentence denotes Fig. 2 Phylogenetic analysis of ACE2 from humans and 18 other animals.
T152 19920-20097 Sentence denotes The tree was constructed based on the complete amino acid sequences of ACE2s derived from humans and other animals by using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method with 1000 bootstrap.
T153 20098-20148 Sentence denotes The accession numbers were as the same as Table 2.
T154 20149-20186 Sentence denotes Bootstrap values above 50 were shown.
T155 20188-20212 Sentence denotes 3.3 Origin of 2019-nCoV
T156 20213-20373 Sentence denotes The epidemiological investigation of early cases of 2019-nCoV pneumonia showed that many cases had been exposed to the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan [2,24,20].
T157 20374-20636 Sentence denotes In addition, 33 of the 585 environmental samples from Huanan Seafood Market were positive for 2019-nCoV; however, that market was trading a variety of live animals, such as hedgehog, badger, snake, and bird (turtledoves), probably pangolin, but not bats [24,30].
T158 20637-20770 Sentence denotes Thus, bats are less likely to have direct contact with human, and direct transmission of the virus from bat to human is unlikely [1].
T159 20771-20926 Sentence denotes Indeed, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV originated from bats, the natural reservoir, but transmitted to humans via intermediate host civets and camels, respectively.
T160 20927-21081 Sentence denotes Therefore, 2019-nCoV may also originate from bat but was then transmitted to humans via an intermediate host in the market [[31], [32], [33], [34], [35]].
T161 21082-21268 Sentence denotes Currently, 2019-nCoV has been isolated from pangolins and it was found that the genomic seuqence of the isolated strain had 99% identity with that of currently 2019-nCoV infected humans.
T162 21269-21435 Sentence denotes It has been proposed that the transmission and evolution path of 2019-nCoV was from bat-CoV to pangolins (the intermediate hosts), from where it infected humans [36].
T163 21437-21463 Sentence denotes 4 Diagnosis and treatment
T164 21464-21623 Sentence denotes Diagnosis of coronaviruses is unnecessary in most cases of self-limited infection, as most of the patients have mild or moderate syndromes with good prognosis.
T165 21624-21755 Sentence denotes However, it may be essential to identify an etiological agent in epidemiological studies, especially during the epidemics outbreak.
T166 21756-21864 Sentence denotes Since 2019-nCoV has not been found before in humans, there is no vaccine or special treatment for it so far.
T167 21865-21955 Sentence denotes The number of cases is increasing rapidly, even under the current public health emergency.
T168 21956-22095 Sentence denotes Thus, diagnosing all suspected cases as soon as possible and immediately isolating them is critical to cutting off the source of infection.
T169 22096-22252 Sentence denotes Conventional diagnostic testing methods, such as the assays for detection of antiviral antibodies or viral antigens have been developed and used clinically.
T170 22253-22445 Sentence denotes New diagnostic strategies including multiplex nucleic acid amplification and microarray-based assays may help in epidemiologic monitoring, along with taking effective prevention steps [37,38].
T171 22446-22596 Sentence denotes 2019-nCoV nucleic acids can be detected in specimens including nasopharyngeal swabs, sputum, lower respiratory tract secretions, blood and stool [20].
T172 22597-22695 Sentence denotes There are currently no approved antiviral treatments or vaccines for human coronavirus infections.
T173 22696-22871 Sentence denotes The development of safe, stable vaccines is a huge challenge and vaccines would ideally be broad-spectrum, so the research and development of new drugs is a very long process.
T174 22872-22988 Sentence denotes In such a sudden epidemic, scientists were not able to carry out new drug development by the traditional principles.
T175 22989-23138 Sentence denotes Therefore, there is another option: a systematic and large-scale screening of existing drugs to see whether they have activity against the 2019-nCoV.
T176 23139-23236 Sentence denotes Recently drug screening found that nelfinavir has potential antiviral activity against 2019-nCoV.
T177 23237-23352 Sentence denotes In addition, pitavastatin, perampanel, and praziquantel might also have moderate activities against 2019-nCoV [39].
T178 23353-23519 Sentence denotes Based on previous studies, an anti-HIV drug named Kaletra may have therapeutic effect on SARS and MERS, which is composed of two protease inhibitors, ritonavir (CAS#:
T179 23520-23554 Sentence denotes 155,213-67-5) and lopinavir (CAS#:
T180 23555-23600 Sentence denotes 192,725-17-0) [[40], [41], [42], [43], [44]].
T181 23601-23738 Sentence denotes More recently, Kaletra was also recommended to treat Wuhan pneumonia by the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China.
T182 23739-23922 Sentence denotes Patients with SARS or MERS have used several drugs including ribavirin, interferon, lopinavir-ritonavir, and corticosteroids, but the efficacy of certain drugs is still controversial.
T183 23923-24249 Sentence denotes Other antiviral drugs, like FAD-approved drugs including ribavirin, penciclovir, nitrazine, nalfamusta, chloroquine, and the two broad-spectrum antiviral drugs redexivir (GS-5734) and favivir (T-705), are being evaluated by measuring the effects of these compounds on cytotoxicity, virus yield and infection rate of 2019-nCoV.
T184 24250-24429 Sentence denotes Recent results showed that remdesivir and chloroquine are effective in controlling 2019-nCoV infection in vitro and may be evaluated in human patients with 2019-nCoV disease [45].
T185 24430-24622 Sentence denotes Remdesivir has recently been recognized as a promising antiviral drug against multiple RNA viruses (including SARS/MERS-CoV) in cultured cells, and in mouse and non-human primate (NHP) models.
T186 24623-24711 Sentence denotes Currently remdesivir for the treatment of Ebola virus infection is in clinical research.
T187 24712-24780 Sentence denotes It is promising that these compounds can treat 2019-nCoV infections.
T188 24781-24948 Sentence denotes Moreover, the fifth edition of infection prevention and control (IPC) guidance announced that severe and critically ill patients could be treated with recovery plasma.
T189 24950-24988 Sentence denotes 5 Conclusions and future perspectives
T190 24989-25022 Sentence denotes The 2019-nCoV epidemic continues.
T191 25023-25193 Sentence denotes During the past month, huge progress has been made in pathogen monitoring, identifying sources, basic etiology, clinical treatment, drug testing, and vaccine development.
T192 25194-25311 Sentence denotes With the efforts of China and the helps of other countries in the world, we hope that the epidemic will subside soon.
T193 25312-25472 Sentence denotes Future research on viral replication, pathogenesis, antiviral drugs and other aspects of 2019-nCoV will contribute to the treatment and prevention of the virus.
T194 25473-25682 Sentence denotes However, given the emergence of 2019-nCoV pneumonia as a new infectious disease with interspecies transmission from animals, we should reflect on the origin of the human pathogen and learn from our experience.
T195 25683-25964 Sentence denotes With changes of ecology and human activities, including unlimited invasion of natural habitats of animals, consumption of some of these animals, and modern agricultural practices, the spillover of viruses from natural hosts to humans continues to appear and may even be escalating.
T196 25965-26136 Sentence denotes Although we have built an unparalleled human civilization and a highly developed information society, invisible viruses can still have devastating effects on human beings.
T197 26137-26271 Sentence denotes The high lethality viruses such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, H5N1, H7N9, Ebola and emerging 2019-nCoV should serve as an alarm to the world.
T198 26272-26344 Sentence denotes We should strive to reduce the probability of their occurrence and harm.
T199 26345-26631 Sentence denotes Strengthening the investigation of animal etiology, normalizing the storage of high risk pathogens, reducing direct contact with wildlife, maintaining the barriers between natural reservoirs and human society and completely eradicating wildlife trading will help to achieve these goals.
T200 26633-26666 Sentence denotes Declaration of Competing Interest
T201 26667-26726 Sentence denotes The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
T202 26728-26744 Sentence denotes Acknowledgements
T203 26745-27023 Sentence denotes This work was jointly funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant number 2017YFD0500104), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470260), and the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province (grant number 2019JJ20004).

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 51-60 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T2 214-223 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T3 1131-1140 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T4 1929-1939 Phenotype denotes pneumonias http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T5 2010-2019 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T6 2053-2062 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T7 2645-2654 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T8 3995-4004 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T9 4845-4854 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T10 4979-4988 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T11 5144-5153 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T12 7401-7410 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T13 8665-8670 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T14 9313-9344 Phenotype denotes central nervous system diseases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002011
T15 9726-9743 Phenotype denotes severe infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032169
T16 11004-11009 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T17 11011-11020 Phenotype denotes dry cough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031246
T18 11022-11029 Phenotype denotes dyspnea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002094
T19 11225-11236 Phenotype denotes sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033050
T20 11417-11425 Phenotype denotes diarrhea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002014
T21 11532-11552 Phenotype denotes respiratory distress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T22 11570-11575 Phenotype denotes shock http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031273
T23 11577-11595 Phenotype denotes metabolic acidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001942
T24 11723-11728 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T25 11784-11789 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945
T26 20275-20284 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T27 23660-23669 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T28 25515-25524 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
32087334-31978945-69694984 2721-2722 31978945 denotes 2
32087334-31986261-69694985 3175-3176 31986261 denotes 4
32087334-31986257-69694986 3286-3287 31986257 denotes 5
32087334-16647974-69694987 4666-4667 16647974 denotes 7
32087334-31949058-69694988 4676-4677 31949058 denotes 9
32087334-31986257-69694989 8088-8089 31986257 denotes 5
32087334-30531947-69694990 9450-9451 30531947 denotes 1
32087334-24217413-69694991 9452-9454 24217413 denotes 11
32087334-27012512-69694992 9778-9780 27012512 denotes 12
32087334-27743750-69694993 9781-9783 27743750 denotes 13
32087334-30531947-69694994 10215-10216 30531947 denotes 1
32087334-12766207-69694995 10667-10669 12766207 denotes 14
32087334-15353409-69694996 10673-10675 15353409 denotes 15
32087334-29846148-69694997 10679-10681 29846148 denotes 16
32087334-31986261-69694998 11087-11088 31986261 denotes 4
32087334-31986264-69694999 11089-11091 31986264 denotes 17
32087334-32007143-69695000 11092-11094 32007143 denotes 18
32087334-31986261-69695001 11312-11313 31986261 denotes 4
32087334-31986264-69695002 11314-11316 31986264 denotes 17
32087334-31986264-69695003 11463-11465 31986264 denotes 17
32087334-31978945-69695004 11904-11905 31978945 denotes 2
32087334-31986264-69695005 11906-11908 31986264 denotes 17
32087334-31978945-69695006 12728-12729 31978945 denotes 2
32087334-31986261-69695007 12730-12731 31986261 denotes 4
32087334-31986264-69695008 12732-12734 31986264 denotes 17
32087334-31986257-69695009 13239-13240 31986257 denotes 5
32087334-31978945-69695010 20364-20365 31978945 denotes 2
32087334-30531947-69695011 20767-20768 30531947 denotes 1
32087334-23075143-69695012 21052-21054 23075143 denotes 31
32087334-12958366-69695013 21058-21060 12958366 denotes 32
32087334-24172901-69695014 21064-21066 24172901 denotes 33
32087334-24896817-69695015 21070-21072 24896817 denotes 34
32087334-24675934-69695016 21076-21078 24675934 denotes 35
32087334-15030703-69695017 22438-22440 15030703 denotes 37
32087334-20554810-69695018 22441-22443 20554810 denotes 38
32087334-17597972-69695019 23571-23573 17597972 denotes 40
32087334-14985565-69695020 23577-23579 14985565 denotes 41
32087334-18706430-69695021 23583-23585 18706430 denotes 42
32087334-26483999-69695022 23589-23591 26483999 denotes 43
32087334-29382391-69695023 23595-23597 29382391 denotes 44