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LitCovid-PubTator

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":141,"end":146},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A6","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001977"}],"text":"To test the effect of GA on ZIKV infection, NHA were grown to 90% confluency in a 24-well plate, treated with GA or DMSO for 3 hours without serum and then infected with ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at an MOI of 0.3. The next day, supernatant was replaced with fresh medium containing GA or DMSO and cells were incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2. On day 7, viability was determined with the MTS Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega), and then these cells were harvested to extract total RNA for quantification of ZIKV RNA by Taqman based qRT-PCR. The results showed 70% to 80% viability at 5 µM to 20 µM GA, compared to less than 40% viability for the vehicle-treated cells. Furthermore, an 80–90% decrease in ZIKV RNA was observed at 5 µM to 20 µM GA (Fig. 3A,B). We concluded that GA inhibits entry of Zika virions and prevents NHA cell death. This suggests that the mechanism of inhibition that appears to be targeted in HSV and HCMV by GA is conserved among enveloped viruses that have no homologous glycoproteins and use different cell receptors for entry. To test the direct effect of GA on ZIKV, 5 × 105 PFU ZIKV were treated for 1 hour with GA (10 µM/ml) or with vehicle in 199V medium, and then were used to infect Vero cells at an MOI of 0.5. Supernatant was collected at 4, 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation for cell free viral RNA copy number determination (Fig. 3C). The results indicated that the GA-treated ZIKV was completely inhibited, as indicated by cell free ZIKV RNA copy number. This suggests that viral entry of ZIKV, may be a target of GA because direct treatment of ZIKV with GA blocks downstream ZIKV RNA production.\nFigure 3 GA inhibits ZIKV infection. (A) Viability of NHA infected with ZIKV and treated with GA. NHA were grown in 24-well plates to \u003e80% confluency and treated with GA (0–20 µM) or DMSO for 3 hours and infected with ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at an MOI of 0.3. At 12 hpi, supernatants were carefully removed and replaced with fresh AGM. (B) 7 days post infection, samples were analyzed for cell viability by the MTS assay and then live cells were harvested for RNA and processed with Taqman based real-time PCR to quantify ZIKV RNA. Experiments were performed in duplicate three independent times and the data were analyzed by t-test (* indicates p ≤ 0.05). (C) Cell free ZIKV in 199V medium was pretreated with 10 µM GA or with DMSO for 1 hour at 37 °C. The pretreated ZIKV was used to infect Vero cells grown in 6 well plates \u003e80% confluency with 0.5 MOI for 1 hour. The infected cells were washed twice with warm DPBS and supplemented with DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS. Supernatant was collected at 4, 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation for cell free viral RNA copy number determination. Experiments were performed in triplicates."}

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":33,"end":42},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":785,"end":789},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":1649,"end":1658},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":1951,"end":1954},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":1972,"end":1981},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A46","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T46","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A47","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T47","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0018661"},{"id":"A48","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T48","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A49","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T49","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011096"},{"id":"A50","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T50","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"}],"text":"To test the effect of GA on ZIKV infection, NHA were grown to 90% confluency in a 24-well plate, treated with GA or DMSO for 3 hours without serum and then infected with ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at an MOI of 0.3. The next day, supernatant was replaced with fresh medium containing GA or DMSO and cells were incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2. On day 7, viability was determined with the MTS Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega), and then these cells were harvested to extract total RNA for quantification of ZIKV RNA by Taqman based qRT-PCR. The results showed 70% to 80% viability at 5 µM to 20 µM GA, compared to less than 40% viability for the vehicle-treated cells. Furthermore, an 80–90% decrease in ZIKV RNA was observed at 5 µM to 20 µM GA (Fig. 3A,B). We concluded that GA inhibits entry of Zika virions and prevents NHA cell death. This suggests that the mechanism of inhibition that appears to be targeted in HSV and HCMV by GA is conserved among enveloped viruses that have no homologous glycoproteins and use different cell receptors for entry. To test the direct effect of GA on ZIKV, 5 × 105 PFU ZIKV were treated for 1 hour with GA (10 µM/ml) or with vehicle in 199V medium, and then were used to infect Vero cells at an MOI of 0.5. Supernatant was collected at 4, 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation for cell free viral RNA copy number determination (Fig. 3C). The results indicated that the GA-treated ZIKV was completely inhibited, as indicated by cell free ZIKV RNA copy number. This suggests that viral entry of ZIKV, may be a target of GA because direct treatment of ZIKV with GA blocks downstream ZIKV RNA production.\nFigure 3 GA inhibits ZIKV infection. (A) Viability of NHA infected with ZIKV and treated with GA. NHA were grown in 24-well plates to \u003e80% confluency and treated with GA (0–20 µM) or DMSO for 3 hours and infected with ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at an MOI of 0.3. At 12 hpi, supernatants were carefully removed and replaced with fresh AGM. (B) 7 days post infection, samples were analyzed for cell viability by the MTS assay and then live cells were harvested for RNA and processed with Taqman based real-time PCR to quantify ZIKV RNA. Experiments were performed in duplicate three independent times and the data were analyzed by t-test (* indicates p ≤ 0.05). (C) Cell free ZIKV in 199V medium was pretreated with 10 µM GA or with DMSO for 1 hour at 37 °C. The pretreated ZIKV was used to infect Vero cells grown in 6 well plates \u003e80% confluency with 0.5 MOI for 1 hour. The infected cells were washed twice with warm DPBS and supplemented with DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS. Supernatant was collected at 4, 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation for cell free viral RNA copy number determination. Experiments were performed in triplicates."}

LitCovid-PD-CLO

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":379,"end":397},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008283"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":815,"end":825},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219"}],"text":"To test the effect of GA on ZIKV infection, NHA were grown to 90% confluency in a 24-well plate, treated with GA or DMSO for 3 hours without serum and then infected with ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at an MOI of 0.3. The next day, supernatant was replaced with fresh medium containing GA or DMSO and cells were incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2. On day 7, viability was determined with the MTS Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega), and then these cells were harvested to extract total RNA for quantification of ZIKV RNA by Taqman based qRT-PCR. The results showed 70% to 80% viability at 5 µM to 20 µM GA, compared to less than 40% viability for the vehicle-treated cells. Furthermore, an 80–90% decrease in ZIKV RNA was observed at 5 µM to 20 µM GA (Fig. 3A,B). We concluded that GA inhibits entry of Zika virions and prevents NHA cell death. This suggests that the mechanism of inhibition that appears to be targeted in HSV and HCMV by GA is conserved among enveloped viruses that have no homologous glycoproteins and use different cell receptors for entry. To test the direct effect of GA on ZIKV, 5 × 105 PFU ZIKV were treated for 1 hour with GA (10 µM/ml) or with vehicle in 199V medium, and then were used to infect Vero cells at an MOI of 0.5. Supernatant was collected at 4, 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation for cell free viral RNA copy number determination (Fig. 3C). The results indicated that the GA-treated ZIKV was completely inhibited, as indicated by cell free ZIKV RNA copy number. This suggests that viral entry of ZIKV, may be a target of GA because direct treatment of ZIKV with GA blocks downstream ZIKV RNA production.\nFigure 3 GA inhibits ZIKV infection. (A) Viability of NHA infected with ZIKV and treated with GA. NHA were grown in 24-well plates to \u003e80% confluency and treated with GA (0–20 µM) or DMSO for 3 hours and infected with ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at an MOI of 0.3. At 12 hpi, supernatants were carefully removed and replaced with fresh AGM. (B) 7 days post infection, samples were analyzed for cell viability by the MTS assay and then live cells were harvested for RNA and processed with Taqman based real-time PCR to quantify ZIKV RNA. Experiments were performed in duplicate three independent times and the data were analyzed by t-test (* indicates p ≤ 0.05). (C) Cell free ZIKV in 199V medium was pretreated with 10 µM GA or with DMSO for 1 hour at 37 °C. The pretreated ZIKV was used to infect Vero cells grown in 6 well plates \u003e80% confluency with 0.5 MOI for 1 hour. The infected cells were washed twice with warm DPBS and supplemented with DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS. Supernatant was collected at 4, 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation for cell free viral RNA copy number determination. Experiments were performed in triplicates."}

LitCovid-sentences

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T79","span":{"begin":0,"end":208},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T80","span":{"begin":209,"end":330},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T81","span":{"begin":331,"end":527},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":528,"end":655},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":656,"end":745},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":746,"end":826},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T85","span":{"begin":827,"end":1042},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T86","span":{"begin":1043,"end":1233},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T87","span":{"begin":1234,"end":1359},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T88","span":{"begin":1360,"end":1480},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T89","span":{"begin":1481,"end":1622},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T90","span":{"begin":1623,"end":1720},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T91","span":{"begin":1721,"end":1879},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T92","span":{"begin":1880,"end":2151},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T93","span":{"begin":2152,"end":2373},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":2374,"end":2487},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":2488,"end":2592},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":2593,"end":2708},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":2709,"end":2751},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"To test the effect of GA on ZIKV infection, NHA were grown to 90% confluency in a 24-well plate, treated with GA or DMSO for 3 hours without serum and then infected with ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at an MOI of 0.3. The next day, supernatant was replaced with fresh medium containing GA or DMSO and cells were incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO2. On day 7, viability was determined with the MTS Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega), and then these cells were harvested to extract total RNA for quantification of ZIKV RNA by Taqman based qRT-PCR. The results showed 70% to 80% viability at 5 µM to 20 µM GA, compared to less than 40% viability for the vehicle-treated cells. Furthermore, an 80–90% decrease in ZIKV RNA was observed at 5 µM to 20 µM GA (Fig. 3A,B). We concluded that GA inhibits entry of Zika virions and prevents NHA cell death. This suggests that the mechanism of inhibition that appears to be targeted in HSV and HCMV by GA is conserved among enveloped viruses that have no homologous glycoproteins and use different cell receptors for entry. To test the direct effect of GA on ZIKV, 5 × 105 PFU ZIKV were treated for 1 hour with GA (10 µM/ml) or with vehicle in 199V medium, and then were used to infect Vero cells at an MOI of 0.5. Supernatant was collected at 4, 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation for cell free viral RNA copy number determination (Fig. 3C). The results indicated that the GA-treated ZIKV was completely inhibited, as indicated by cell free ZIKV RNA copy number. This suggests that viral entry of ZIKV, may be a target of GA because direct treatment of ZIKV with GA blocks downstream ZIKV RNA production.\nFigure 3 GA inhibits ZIKV infection. (A) Viability of NHA infected with ZIKV and treated with GA. NHA were grown in 24-well plates to \u003e80% confluency and treated with GA (0–20 µM) or DMSO for 3 hours and infected with ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at an MOI of 0.3. At 12 hpi, supernatants were carefully removed and replaced with fresh AGM. (B) 7 days post infection, samples were analyzed for cell viability by the MTS assay and then live cells were harvested for RNA and processed with Taqman based real-time PCR to quantify ZIKV RNA. Experiments were performed in duplicate three independent times and the data were analyzed by t-test (* indicates p ≤ 0.05). (C) Cell free ZIKV in 199V medium was pretreated with 10 µM GA or with DMSO for 1 hour at 37 °C. The pretreated ZIKV was used to infect Vero cells grown in 6 well plates \u003e80% confluency with 0.5 MOI for 1 hour. The infected cells were washed twice with warm DPBS and supplemented with DMEM supplemented with 5% FBS. Supernatant was collected at 4, 24 and 48 hours post-inoculation for cell free viral RNA copy number determination. Experiments were performed in triplicates."}

PMC:7075884 / 11977-14728 JSONTXT

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PMC:7075884 / 11977-14728 JSON TXT