PMC:7074453 / 5751-8061
Annnotations
LitCovid-PubTator
{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"166","span":{"begin":45,"end":56},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"167","span":{"begin":144,"end":157},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"168","span":{"begin":259,"end":270},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"169","span":{"begin":354,"end":367},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"170","span":{"begin":384,"end":390},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"171","span":{"begin":492,"end":503},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"172","span":{"begin":511,"end":514},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"173","span":{"begin":521,"end":577},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"174","span":{"begin":579,"end":588},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"175","span":{"begin":614,"end":625},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"176","span":{"begin":671,"end":679},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"177","span":{"begin":734,"end":745},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"178","span":{"begin":747,"end":757},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"179","span":{"begin":805,"end":815},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"180","span":{"begin":853,"end":856},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"181","span":{"begin":861,"end":870},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"182","span":{"begin":895,"end":906},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"183","span":{"begin":917,"end":923},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"184","span":{"begin":962,"end":975},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"185","span":{"begin":1025,"end":1035},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"186","span":{"begin":1075,"end":1090},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"187","span":{"begin":1131,"end":1140},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"188","span":{"begin":1187,"end":1190},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"189","span":{"begin":1247,"end":1257},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"190","span":{"begin":1350,"end":1355},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"191","span":{"begin":402,"end":406},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"192","span":{"begin":411,"end":415},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"193","span":{"begin":448,"end":480},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"194","span":{"begin":698,"end":707},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"195","span":{"begin":838,"end":846},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"207","span":{"begin":1619,"end":1628},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"208","span":{"begin":1715,"end":1724},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"209","span":{"begin":1766,"end":1797},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"210","span":{"begin":1799,"end":1803},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"211","span":{"begin":1912,"end":1921},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"212","span":{"begin":1922,"end":1926},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"213","span":{"begin":1480,"end":1489},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"214","span":{"begin":1364,"end":1375},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"215","span":{"begin":1704,"end":1714},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"216","span":{"begin":1760,"end":1765},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"217","span":{"begin":1886,"end":1891},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"228","span":{"begin":2011,"end":2024},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"229","span":{"begin":2056,"end":2064},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"230","span":{"begin":2069,"end":2077},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"231","span":{"begin":2083,"end":2096},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"232","span":{"begin":2171,"end":2176},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"233","span":{"begin":2182,"end":2189},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"234","span":{"begin":2191,"end":2199},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"235","span":{"begin":2214,"end":2228},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"236","span":{"begin":2234,"end":2244},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"237","span":{"begin":2291,"end":2304},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A166","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"166","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A167","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"167","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A168","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"168","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A169","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"169","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A170","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"170","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A171","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"171","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A172","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"172","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A173","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"173","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A174","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"174","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A175","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"175","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A176","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"176","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A177","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"177","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A178","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"178","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A179","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"179","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A180","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"180","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A181","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"181","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A182","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"182","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A183","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"183","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A184","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"184","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A185","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"185","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A186","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"186","obj":"Tax:1508220"},{"id":"A187","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"187","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A188","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"188","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A189","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"189","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A190","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"190","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A191","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"191","obj":"Tax:11137"},{"id":"A192","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"192","obj":"Tax:277944"},{"id":"A193","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"193","obj":"MESH:D018352"},{"id":"A194","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"194","obj":"MESH:D011014"},{"id":"A195","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"195","obj":"MESH:D015047"},{"id":"A207","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"207","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A208","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"208","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A209","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"209","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A210","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"210","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A211","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"211","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A212","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"212","obj":"Gene:59272"},{"id":"A213","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"213","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A214","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"214","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A215","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"215","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A216","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"216","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A217","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"217","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A228","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"228","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A229","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"229","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A230","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"230","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A231","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"231","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A232","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"232","obj":"MESH:D004986"},{"id":"A233","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"233","obj":"MESH:D000431"},{"id":"A234","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"234","obj":"MESH:D002713"},{"id":"A235","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"235","obj":"MESH:D010463"},{"id":"A236","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"236","obj":"MESH:D002725"},{"id":"A237","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"237","obj":"MESH:D002710"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"3. Pathogenic Characteristics of Coronavirus\nCoronavirus is a single strand positive RNA (+ssRNA) virus, belonging to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Orthocoronavirinae [13]. According to the characteristics of serotype and genome, the coronavirus subfamily is divided into four genera: α, β, γ, and δ [14]. There are six kinds of coronaviruses known to infect humans, including 229E and NL63 of α genus [15,16], OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERSr-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) of β genus [16,17]. The coronavirus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan is a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to genus β, and subgenus sarbe [5]. SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5]. The phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses based on full-length genome sequences shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the smallest genetic distance from bat coronavirus, but only about 45%–90% similarity with SARSr-CoV, and a lower similarity of 20%–60% with MERSr-CoV [18]. Therefore, a bat is probably the original host of SARS-CoV-2, although the intermediate host may still exist in the process of transmission from bats to human beings.\nCoronavirus has an envelope, the particles are round or oval, often pleomorphic, with a diameter of 50–200 nm [18]. S protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-shaped structure. As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the S protein gene is the main target used for typing [19]. Xu et al. also reported that SARS-CoV-2 S-protein supports a strong interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecules, which means that the virus poses a significant public health risk for human transmission by the S-protein–ACE2 binding pathway [18].\nThe knowledge of the physical and chemical characteristics of coronaviruses mostly comes from the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The coronaviruses are sensitive to heat and can be killed at 56 °C for 30 min. In addition, ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine disinfectant, peracetic acid, and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but not chlorhexidine [20]."}
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":85,"end":88},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":247,"end":253},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":644,"end":667},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":997,"end":1003},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1482,"end":1489},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1592,"end":1600},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1621,"end":1628},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1629,"end":1633},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":1717,"end":1724},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":1914,"end":1921},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A3","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095"},{"id":"A4","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A5","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45662"},{"id":"A6","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A7","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A8","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A9","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A10","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402"},{"id":"A11","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A12","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"}],"text":"3. Pathogenic Characteristics of Coronavirus\nCoronavirus is a single strand positive RNA (+ssRNA) virus, belonging to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Orthocoronavirinae [13]. According to the characteristics of serotype and genome, the coronavirus subfamily is divided into four genera: α, β, γ, and δ [14]. There are six kinds of coronaviruses known to infect humans, including 229E and NL63 of α genus [15,16], OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERSr-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) of β genus [16,17]. The coronavirus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan is a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to genus β, and subgenus sarbe [5]. SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5]. The phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses based on full-length genome sequences shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the smallest genetic distance from bat coronavirus, but only about 45%–90% similarity with SARSr-CoV, and a lower similarity of 20%–60% with MERSr-CoV [18]. Therefore, a bat is probably the original host of SARS-CoV-2, although the intermediate host may still exist in the process of transmission from bats to human beings.\nCoronavirus has an envelope, the particles are round or oval, often pleomorphic, with a diameter of 50–200 nm [18]. S protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-shaped structure. As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the S protein gene is the main target used for typing [19]. Xu et al. also reported that SARS-CoV-2 S-protein supports a strong interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecules, which means that the virus poses a significant public health risk for human transmission by the S-protein–ACE2 binding pathway [18].\nThe knowledge of the physical and chemical characteristics of coronaviruses mostly comes from the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The coronaviruses are sensitive to heat and can be killed at 56 °C for 30 min. In addition, ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine disinfectant, peracetic acid, and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but not chlorhexidine [20]."}
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":644,"end":667},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":650,"end":667},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A3","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558"},{"id":"A4","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"}],"text":"3. Pathogenic Characteristics of Coronavirus\nCoronavirus is a single strand positive RNA (+ssRNA) virus, belonging to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Orthocoronavirinae [13]. According to the characteristics of serotype and genome, the coronavirus subfamily is divided into four genera: α, β, γ, and δ [14]. There are six kinds of coronaviruses known to infect humans, including 229E and NL63 of α genus [15,16], OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERSr-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) of β genus [16,17]. The coronavirus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan is a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to genus β, and subgenus sarbe [5]. SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5]. The phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses based on full-length genome sequences shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the smallest genetic distance from bat coronavirus, but only about 45%–90% similarity with SARSr-CoV, and a lower similarity of 20%–60% with MERSr-CoV [18]. Therefore, a bat is probably the original host of SARS-CoV-2, although the intermediate host may still exist in the process of transmission from bats to human beings.\nCoronavirus has an envelope, the particles are round or oval, often pleomorphic, with a diameter of 50–200 nm [18]. S protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-shaped structure. As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the S protein gene is the main target used for typing [19]. Xu et al. also reported that SARS-CoV-2 S-protein supports a strong interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecules, which means that the virus poses a significant public health risk for human transmission by the S-protein–ACE2 binding pathway [18].\nThe knowledge of the physical and chemical characteristics of coronaviruses mostly comes from the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The coronaviruses are sensitive to heat and can be killed at 56 °C for 30 min. In addition, ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine disinfectant, peracetic acid, and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but not chlorhexidine [20]."}
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
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LitCovid-PD-CLO
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":60,"end":61},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":98,"end":103},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":384,"end":390},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":644,"end":667},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":720,"end":721},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":917,"end":923},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":1036,"end":1039},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":1075,"end":1078},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397"},{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":1107,"end":1109},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053799"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":1146,"end":1147},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1194},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":1208,"end":1209},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":1210,"end":1216},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397"},{"id":"T69","span":{"begin":1342,"end":1346},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397"},{"id":"T70","span":{"begin":1350,"end":1362},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T71","span":{"begin":1376,"end":1379},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T72","span":{"begin":1450,"end":1451},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T73","span":{"begin":1475,"end":1477},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510"},{"id":"T74","span":{"begin":1523,"end":1528},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T75","span":{"begin":1539,"end":1540},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T76","span":{"begin":1608,"end":1613},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T77","span":{"begin":1629,"end":1633},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002"},{"id":"T78","span":{"begin":1734,"end":1735},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T79","span":{"begin":1760,"end":1765},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T80","span":{"begin":1837,"end":1842},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T81","span":{"begin":1849,"end":1850},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":1886,"end":1891},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":1944,"end":1946},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":2276,"end":2281},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"}],"text":"3. Pathogenic Characteristics of Coronavirus\nCoronavirus is a single strand positive RNA (+ssRNA) virus, belonging to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Orthocoronavirinae [13]. According to the characteristics of serotype and genome, the coronavirus subfamily is divided into four genera: α, β, γ, and δ [14]. There are six kinds of coronaviruses known to infect humans, including 229E and NL63 of α genus [15,16], OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERSr-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) of β genus [16,17]. The coronavirus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan is a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to genus β, and subgenus sarbe [5]. SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5]. The phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses based on full-length genome sequences shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the smallest genetic distance from bat coronavirus, but only about 45%–90% similarity with SARSr-CoV, and a lower similarity of 20%–60% with MERSr-CoV [18]. Therefore, a bat is probably the original host of SARS-CoV-2, although the intermediate host may still exist in the process of transmission from bats to human beings.\nCoronavirus has an envelope, the particles are round or oval, often pleomorphic, with a diameter of 50–200 nm [18]. S protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-shaped structure. As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the S protein gene is the main target used for typing [19]. Xu et al. also reported that SARS-CoV-2 S-protein supports a strong interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecules, which means that the virus poses a significant public health risk for human transmission by the S-protein–ACE2 binding pathway [18].\nThe knowledge of the physical and chemical characteristics of coronaviruses mostly comes from the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The coronaviruses are sensitive to heat and can be killed at 56 °C for 30 min. In addition, ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine disinfectant, peracetic acid, and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but not chlorhexidine [20]."}
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":1482,"end":1489},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1592,"end":1600},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1621,"end":1628},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1717,"end":1724},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":1766,"end":1777},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":1805,"end":1814},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":1914,"end":1921},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":2171,"end":2176},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":2182,"end":2189},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":2191,"end":2199},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":2200,"end":2212},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":2224,"end":2228},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":2234,"end":2244},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":2291,"end":2304},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A3","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A4","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A5","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A6","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A7","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48433"},{"id":"A8","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367"},{"id":"A9","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A10","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25698"},{"id":"A11","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T11","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16236"},{"id":"A12","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23116"},{"id":"A13","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T12","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29310"},{"id":"A14","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T14","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48219"},{"id":"A15","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T15","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527"},{"id":"A16","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T16","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35255"},{"id":"A17","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3614"}],"text":"3. Pathogenic Characteristics of Coronavirus\nCoronavirus is a single strand positive RNA (+ssRNA) virus, belonging to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Orthocoronavirinae [13]. According to the characteristics of serotype and genome, the coronavirus subfamily is divided into four genera: α, β, γ, and δ [14]. There are six kinds of coronaviruses known to infect humans, including 229E and NL63 of α genus [15,16], OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERSr-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) of β genus [16,17]. The coronavirus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan is a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to genus β, and subgenus sarbe [5]. SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5]. The phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses based on full-length genome sequences shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the smallest genetic distance from bat coronavirus, but only about 45%–90% similarity with SARSr-CoV, and a lower similarity of 20%–60% with MERSr-CoV [18]. Therefore, a bat is probably the original host of SARS-CoV-2, although the intermediate host may still exist in the process of transmission from bats to human beings.\nCoronavirus has an envelope, the particles are round or oval, often pleomorphic, with a diameter of 50–200 nm [18]. S protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-shaped structure. As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the S protein gene is the main target used for typing [19]. Xu et al. also reported that SARS-CoV-2 S-protein supports a strong interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecules, which means that the virus poses a significant public health risk for human transmission by the S-protein–ACE2 binding pathway [18].\nThe knowledge of the physical and chemical characteristics of coronaviruses mostly comes from the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The coronaviruses are sensitive to heat and can be killed at 56 °C for 30 min. In addition, ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine disinfectant, peracetic acid, and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but not chlorhexidine [20]."}
LitCovid-sentences
{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":0,"end":2},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":3,"end":44},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":45,"end":197},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":198,"end":330},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":331,"end":609},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":610,"end":804},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":805,"end":928},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":929,"end":1196},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":1197,"end":1363},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":1364,"end":1479},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":1480,"end":1562},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":1563,"end":1674},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":1675,"end":1948},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":1949,"end":2078},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":2079,"end":2157},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":2158,"end":2310},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"3. Pathogenic Characteristics of Coronavirus\nCoronavirus is a single strand positive RNA (+ssRNA) virus, belonging to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Orthocoronavirinae [13]. According to the characteristics of serotype and genome, the coronavirus subfamily is divided into four genera: α, β, γ, and δ [14]. There are six kinds of coronaviruses known to infect humans, including 229E and NL63 of α genus [15,16], OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERSr-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) of β genus [16,17]. The coronavirus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan is a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to genus β, and subgenus sarbe [5]. SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5]. The phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses based on full-length genome sequences shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the smallest genetic distance from bat coronavirus, but only about 45%–90% similarity with SARSr-CoV, and a lower similarity of 20%–60% with MERSr-CoV [18]. Therefore, a bat is probably the original host of SARS-CoV-2, although the intermediate host may still exist in the process of transmission from bats to human beings.\nCoronavirus has an envelope, the particles are round or oval, often pleomorphic, with a diameter of 50–200 nm [18]. S protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-shaped structure. As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the S protein gene is the main target used for typing [19]. Xu et al. also reported that SARS-CoV-2 S-protein supports a strong interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecules, which means that the virus poses a significant public health risk for human transmission by the S-protein–ACE2 binding pathway [18].\nThe knowledge of the physical and chemical characteristics of coronaviruses mostly comes from the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The coronaviruses are sensitive to heat and can be killed at 56 °C for 30 min. In addition, ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine disinfectant, peracetic acid, and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but not chlorhexidine [20]."}
LitCovid-PD-HP
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":698,"end":707},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A17","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T17","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090"}],"text":"3. Pathogenic Characteristics of Coronavirus\nCoronavirus is a single strand positive RNA (+ssRNA) virus, belonging to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Orthocoronavirinae [13]. According to the characteristics of serotype and genome, the coronavirus subfamily is divided into four genera: α, β, γ, and δ [14]. There are six kinds of coronaviruses known to infect humans, including 229E and NL63 of α genus [15,16], OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERSr-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) of β genus [16,17]. The coronavirus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan is a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to genus β, and subgenus sarbe [5]. SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5]. The phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses based on full-length genome sequences shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the smallest genetic distance from bat coronavirus, but only about 45%–90% similarity with SARSr-CoV, and a lower similarity of 20%–60% with MERSr-CoV [18]. Therefore, a bat is probably the original host of SARS-CoV-2, although the intermediate host may still exist in the process of transmission from bats to human beings.\nCoronavirus has an envelope, the particles are round or oval, often pleomorphic, with a diameter of 50–200 nm [18]. S protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-shaped structure. As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the S protein gene is the main target used for typing [19]. Xu et al. also reported that SARS-CoV-2 S-protein supports a strong interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecules, which means that the virus poses a significant public health risk for human transmission by the S-protein–ACE2 binding pathway [18].\nThe knowledge of the physical and chemical characteristics of coronaviruses mostly comes from the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The coronaviruses are sensitive to heat and can be killed at 56 °C for 30 min. In addition, ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine disinfectant, peracetic acid, and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but not chlorhexidine [20]."}
2_test
{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32093211-30531947-57901186","span":{"begin":193,"end":195},"obj":"30531947"},{"id":"32093211-30791586-57901187","span":{"begin":326,"end":328},"obj":"30791586"},{"id":"32093211-9367365-57901188","span":{"begin":428,"end":430},"obj":"9367365"},{"id":"32093211-17631932-57901189","span":{"begin":431,"end":433},"obj":"17631932"},{"id":"32093211-17631932-57901190","span":{"begin":602,"end":604},"obj":"17631932"},{"id":"32093211-30679277-57901191","span":{"begin":605,"end":607},"obj":"30679277"},{"id":"32093211-32009228-57901192","span":{"begin":1192,"end":1194},"obj":"32009228"},{"id":"32093211-32009228-57901193","span":{"begin":1475,"end":1477},"obj":"32009228"},{"id":"32093211-18798692-57901194","span":{"begin":1670,"end":1672},"obj":"18798692"},{"id":"32093211-32009228-57901195","span":{"begin":1944,"end":1946},"obj":"32009228"}],"text":"3. Pathogenic Characteristics of Coronavirus\nCoronavirus is a single strand positive RNA (+ssRNA) virus, belonging to order Nidovirales, family Coronaviridae, and subfamily Orthocoronavirinae [13]. According to the characteristics of serotype and genome, the coronavirus subfamily is divided into four genera: α, β, γ, and δ [14]. There are six kinds of coronaviruses known to infect humans, including 229E and NL63 of α genus [15,16], OC43, HKU1, Middle East respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (MERSr-CoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) of β genus [16,17]. The coronavirus isolated from the lower respiratory tract of patients with unidentified pneumonia in Wuhan is a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) belonging to genus β, and subgenus sarbe [5]. SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5]. The phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses based on full-length genome sequences shows that SARS-CoV-2 has the smallest genetic distance from bat coronavirus, but only about 45%–90% similarity with SARSr-CoV, and a lower similarity of 20%–60% with MERSr-CoV [18]. Therefore, a bat is probably the original host of SARS-CoV-2, although the intermediate host may still exist in the process of transmission from bats to human beings.\nCoronavirus has an envelope, the particles are round or oval, often pleomorphic, with a diameter of 50–200 nm [18]. S protein is located on the surface of the virus and forms a rod-shaped structure. As one of the main antigenic proteins of the virus, the S protein gene is the main target used for typing [19]. Xu et al. also reported that SARS-CoV-2 S-protein supports a strong interaction with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) molecules, which means that the virus poses a significant public health risk for human transmission by the S-protein–ACE2 binding pathway [18].\nThe knowledge of the physical and chemical characteristics of coronaviruses mostly comes from the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The coronaviruses are sensitive to heat and can be killed at 56 °C for 30 min. In addition, ether, 75% ethanol, chlorine disinfectant, peracetic acid, and chloroform can effectively inactivate the virus, but not chlorhexidine [20]."}