PMC:7068984 / 7956-10717 JSONTXT

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    LitCovid-PubTator

    {"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"309","span":{"begin":491,"end":498},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"310","span":{"begin":529,"end":533},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"311","span":{"begin":1581,"end":1585},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"312","span":{"begin":1655,"end":1659},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"313","span":{"begin":1661,"end":1665},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"314","span":{"begin":1667,"end":1672},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"315","span":{"begin":1782,"end":1786},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"316","span":{"begin":1791,"end":1795},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"317","span":{"begin":1594,"end":1602},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"318","span":{"begin":2570,"end":2571},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"319","span":{"begin":2518,"end":2519},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"320","span":{"begin":74,"end":81},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"321","span":{"begin":155,"end":166},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"322","span":{"begin":189,"end":199},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"323","span":{"begin":224,"end":232},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"324","span":{"begin":237,"end":245},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"325","span":{"begin":358,"end":362},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"326","span":{"begin":1115,"end":1123},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"327","span":{"begin":1236,"end":1241},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"328","span":{"begin":1280,"end":1288},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"329","span":{"begin":1293,"end":1301},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"330","span":{"begin":1310,"end":1320},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"331","span":{"begin":1352,"end":1356},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"332","span":{"begin":1429,"end":1439},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"333","span":{"begin":1455,"end":1464},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"334","span":{"begin":1866,"end":1876},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"335","span":{"begin":1892,"end":1898},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"336","span":{"begin":1970,"end":1980},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"337","span":{"begin":1985,"end":1993},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"338","span":{"begin":2132,"end":2140},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"339","span":{"begin":2179,"end":2189},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"340","span":{"begin":2220,"end":2228},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"341","span":{"begin":2281,"end":2291},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"342","span":{"begin":2415,"end":2425},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"343","span":{"begin":2487,"end":2497},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"344","span":{"begin":2695,"end":2712},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"345","span":{"begin":2335,"end":2344},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"346","span":{"begin":55,"end":73},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"347","span":{"begin":2110,"end":2118},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A309","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"309","obj":"Gene:43740578"},{"id":"A310","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"310","obj":"Gene:5499"},{"id":"A311","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"311","obj":"Gene:43740578"},{"id":"A312","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"312","obj":"Gene:43740578"},{"id":"A313","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"313","obj":"Gene:43740578"},{"id":"A314","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"314","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A315","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"315","obj":"Gene:43740578"},{"id":"A316","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"316","obj":"Gene:43740578"},{"id":"A317","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"317","obj":"Gene:43740570"},{"id":"A318","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"318","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A319","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"319","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A320","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"320","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A321","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"321","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A322","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"322","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A323","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"323","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A324","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"324","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A325","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"325","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A326","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"326","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A327","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"327","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A328","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"328","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A329","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"329","obj":"Tax:1335626"},{"id":"A330","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"330","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A331","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"331","obj":"Tax:11118"},{"id":"A332","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"332","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A333","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"333","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A334","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"334","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A335","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"335","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A336","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"336","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A337","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"337","obj":"Tax:694009"},{"id":"A338","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"338","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A339","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"339","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A340","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"340","obj":"Tax:9606"},{"id":"A341","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"341","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A342","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"342","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A343","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"343","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A344","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"344","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A345","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"345","obj":"Tax:11309"},{"id":"A346","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"346","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A347","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"347","obj":"MESH:C000657245"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":0,"end":6},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":134,"end":140},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":266,"end":269},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":270,"end":277},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":348,"end":354},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":453,"end":456},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":575,"end":583},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":648,"end":656},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":681,"end":687},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":722,"end":730},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":752,"end":764},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":785,"end":792},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":805,"end":812},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":835,"end":842},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":876,"end":884},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":1147,"end":1159},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":1160,"end":1164},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":1302,"end":1308},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":1379,"end":1385},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":1417,"end":1425},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":1511,"end":1518},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":1539,"end":1549},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":1625,"end":1633},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":1673,"end":1680},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":2426,"end":2433},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A27","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A28","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A29","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095"},{"id":"A30","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T30","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A31","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T31","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A32","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T32","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095"},{"id":"A33","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A34","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A35","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T35","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A36","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T36","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A37","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T37","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62925"},{"id":"A38","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T38","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A39","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T39","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A40","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T40","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A41","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T41","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A42","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T42","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62925"},{"id":"A43","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T43","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402"},{"id":"A44","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T44","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A45","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T45","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"},{"id":"A46","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T46","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A47","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T47","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A48","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T48","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82739"},{"id":"A49","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T49","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A50","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T50","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A51","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T51","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-MONDO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":55,"end":63},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":64,"end":73},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":189,"end":197},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":224,"end":232},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":1115,"end":1123},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T69","span":{"begin":1280,"end":1288},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T70","span":{"begin":1310,"end":1318},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T71","span":{"begin":1338,"end":1342},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T72","span":{"begin":1429,"end":1437},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T73","span":{"begin":1455,"end":1459},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T74","span":{"begin":1811,"end":1821},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T75","span":{"begin":1866,"end":1874},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T76","span":{"begin":1970,"end":1978},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T77","span":{"begin":1985,"end":1993},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T78","span":{"begin":2110,"end":2118},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T79","span":{"begin":2179,"end":2187},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T80","span":{"begin":2281,"end":2289},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T81","span":{"begin":2329,"end":2344},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":2335,"end":2344},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":2415,"end":2423},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":2487,"end":2495},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A64","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T64","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A65","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T65","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249"},{"id":"A66","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T66","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A67","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T67","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A68","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T68","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A69","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T69","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A70","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T70","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A71","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T71","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A72","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T72","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A73","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T73","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A74","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T74","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A75","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T75","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A76","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T76","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A77","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T77","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A78","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T78","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A79","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T79","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A80","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T80","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A81","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T81","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0018695"},{"id":"A82","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T82","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812"},{"id":"A83","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T83","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A84","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T84","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-CLO

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":53,"end":54},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":83,"end":84},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":209,"end":211},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007074"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":209,"end":211},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051988"},{"id":"T69","span":{"begin":286,"end":288},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007074"},{"id":"T70","span":{"begin":286,"end":288},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051988"},{"id":"T71","span":{"begin":298,"end":300},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007074"},{"id":"T72","span":{"begin":298,"end":300},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051988"},{"id":"T73","span":{"begin":324,"end":327},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582"},{"id":"T74","span":{"begin":372,"end":373},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T75","span":{"begin":393,"end":395},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053733"},{"id":"T76","span":{"begin":497,"end":498},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T77","span":{"begin":675,"end":680},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T78","span":{"begin":1160,"end":1164},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002"},{"id":"T79","span":{"begin":1236,"end":1241},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606"},{"id":"T80","span":{"begin":1348,"end":1351},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9397"},{"id":"T81","span":{"begin":1634,"end":1636},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008339"},{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":1717,"end":1719},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":1801,"end":1802},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":2378,"end":2379},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":575,"end":583},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":648,"end":656},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":722,"end":730},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":752,"end":764},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":785,"end":792},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":805,"end":812},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":835,"end":842},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":876,"end":884},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1147,"end":1159},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":1417,"end":1425},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":1511,"end":1518},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":1539,"end":1549},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":1539,"end":1544},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":1545,"end":1549},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":1625,"end":1633},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":1673,"end":1680},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A19","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T19","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A20","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T20","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A21","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T21","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A22","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T22","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17089"},{"id":"A23","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T23","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A24","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A25","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A26","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A27","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17089"},{"id":"A28","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T28","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A29","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T29","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A30","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T30","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33709"},{"id":"A31","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T31","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_46882"},{"id":"A32","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T32","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37527"},{"id":"A33","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T33","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A34","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T34","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":915,"end":937},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045087"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":922,"end":937},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":1937,"end":1944},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009606"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":2738,"end":2747},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":2738,"end":2747},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009405"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}

    LitCovid-sentences

    {"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":0,"end":38},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":39,"end":217},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":218,"end":320},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T61","span":{"begin":321,"end":432},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T62","span":{"begin":433,"end":657},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T63","span":{"begin":658,"end":938},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T64","span":{"begin":939,"end":1056},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":1057,"end":1255},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":1256,"end":1395},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":1396,"end":1503},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":1504,"end":1721},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T69","span":{"begin":1722,"end":1877},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T70","span":{"begin":1878,"end":2065},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T71","span":{"begin":2066,"end":2238},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T72","span":{"begin":2239,"end":2350},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T73","span":{"begin":2351,"end":2533},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T74","span":{"begin":2534,"end":2628},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T75","span":{"begin":2629,"end":2761},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}

    LitCovid-PD-HP

    {"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":64,"end":73},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A13","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T13","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}

    2_test

    {"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32169119-32015508-70132197","span":{"begin":213,"end":215},"obj":"32015508"},{"id":"32169119-27344959-70132198","span":{"begin":316,"end":318},"obj":"27344959"},{"id":"32169119-30646565-70132199","span":{"begin":428,"end":430},"obj":"30646565"},{"id":"32169119-30531947-70132200","span":{"begin":844,"end":846},"obj":"30531947"},{"id":"32169119-32015508-70132201","span":{"begin":950,"end":952},"obj":"32015508"},{"id":"32169119-25591105-70132202","span":{"begin":2346,"end":2348},"obj":"25591105"}],"text":"Genome structure and key viral factors\nIsolated from a COVID-19 pneumonia patient, a worker in the Wuhan seafood market, the complete genome of Wuhan-Hu-1 coronavirus (WHCV), one strain of SARS-CoV-2, is 29.9 kb [14]. While SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have positive-sense RNA genomes of 27.9 kb and 30.1 kb, respectively [19]. It has been shown that the genome of CoVs contains a variable number (6–11) of open reading frames (ORFs) [20]. Two-thirds of viral RNA, mainly located in the first ORF (ORF1a/b) translates two polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, and encodes 16 non-structural proteins (NSP), while the remaining ORFs encode accessory and structural proteins. The rest part of virus genome encodes four essential structural proteins, including spike (S) glycoprotein, small envelope (E) protein, matrix (M) protein, and nucleocapsid (N) protein [21], and also several accessory proteins, that interfere with the host innate immune response. Wu et al. [14] have recently performed deep meta-transcriptomic sequencing on WHCV, which contained 16 predicted NSP. WHCV exhibits some genomic and phylogenetic similarity to SARS-CoV, particularly in the S-glycoprotein gene and receptor-binding domain (RBD), indicating the capability of direct human transmission. Compared with the known SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV genome, SARS-CoV-2 is closer to the SARS-like bat CoVs in terms of the whole genome sequence. Most genomic encoded proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are similar to SARS-CoVs, as well as exist certain differences. At the protein level, there are no amino acid substitutions that occurred in NSP7, NSP13, envelope, matrix, or accessory proteins p6 and 8b, except in NSP2, NSP3, spike protein, underpinning subdomain, i.e., RBD [22]. Another recent research suggested [23] that the mutation in NSP2 and NSP3 play a role in infectious capability and differentiation mechanism of SARS-CoV-2. This provokes people to explore the difference of the host tropism and transmission between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV or conduct further investigations on the potential therapeutic targets. Zhang et al. [24] analyzed the genotypes of COVID-19 in different patients from several provinces and found that SARS-CoV-2 had been mutated in different patients in China. Although the degree of diversification of SARS-CoV-2 is smaller than the mutation of H7N9 avian influenza [25]. Tang et al. [26] conducted a population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes and classified out two prevalent evolvement types of SARS-CoV-2, L type (~ 70%) and S type (~ 30%). The strains in L type, derived from S type, are evolutionarily more aggressive and contagious. Thus, virologists and epidemiologists need to closely monitor the novel coronavirus, in order to inspect the virulence and epidemic."}