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PMC:7031769 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
1 47-58 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
8 609-615 Species denotes people Tax:9606
9 113-132 Disease denotes Coronavirus disease MESH:D018352
10 134-142 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
11 242-246 Disease denotes died MESH:D003643
12 265-273 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
13 686-694 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
19 958-964 Species denotes people Tax:9606
20 1005-1011 Species denotes people Tax:9606
21 1378-1382 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
22 1365-1374 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
23 1348-1357 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
26 1528-1542 Species denotes gut microbiome Tax:749906
27 1737-1748 Species denotes flu vaccine Tax:335812
42 3091-3095 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
43 3100-3106 Species denotes people Tax:9606
44 3326-3330 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
45 3360-3364 Species denotes Mice Tax:10090
46 3556-3560 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
47 3689-3693 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
48 3757-3763 Species denotes people Tax:9606
49 3183-3192 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
50 3349-3358 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
51 3670-3679 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
52 3193-3202 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
53 3336-3341 Disease denotes death MESH:D003643
54 3519-3528 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
55 3680-3688 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
63 4428-4434 Species denotes people Tax:9606
64 3866-3875 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
65 4092-4101 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
66 4190-4199 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
67 4376-4385 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
68 4457-4466 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
69 3943-3961 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141
78 4495-4508 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
79 4481-4490 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
80 4736-4745 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
81 4515-4542 Disease denotes respiratory tract infection MESH:D012141
82 4574-4583 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
83 4698-4706 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
84 4912-4920 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
85 5196-5204 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
88 5474-5480 Species denotes people Tax:9606
89 5499-5510 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
97 5594-5605 Species denotes coronavirus Tax:11118
98 6031-6037 Species denotes people Tax:9606
99 6446-6451 Chemical denotes water MESH:D014867
100 6578-6585 Chemical denotes alcohol MESH:D000438
101 5840-5849 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
102 6022-6030 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
103 6252-6284 Disease denotes fitness facilities or gymnasiums MESH:D012640
108 7035-7041 Species denotes people Tax:9606
109 7043-7056 Species denotes Coronaviruses Tax:11118
110 7026-7034 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
111 7147-7155 Disease denotes coughing MESH:D003371
116 7519-7525 Species denotes people Tax:9606
117 7658-7676 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141
118 7757-7765 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
119 7837-7846 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
125 8162-8168 Species denotes people Tax:9606
126 8185-8193 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
127 8209-8235 Disease denotes acute respiratory syndrome MESH:D012120
128 8237-8241 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
129 8259-8267 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
140 8366-8398 Disease denotes upper respiratory tract symptoms MESH:D012141
141 8441-8452 Disease denotes sore throat MESH:D010608
142 8555-8566 Disease denotes sore throat MESH:D010608
143 8568-8578 Disease denotes body aches MESH:D063806
144 8580-8599 Disease denotes shortness of breath MESH:D004417
145 8609-8616 Disease denotes fatigue MESH:D005221
146 8618-8629 Disease denotes chest cough MESH:D003371
147 8634-8639 Disease denotes fever MESH:D005334
148 8740-8768 Disease denotes respiratory viral infections
149 8910-8918 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
152 9812-9818 Disease denotes stress MESH:D000079225
153 10044-10050 Disease denotes injury MESH:D014947
163 10762-10768 Species denotes people Tax:9606
164 11161-11167 Species denotes people Tax:9606
165 11213-11219 Species denotes people Tax:9606
166 10994-11004 Disease denotes infections MESH:D007239
167 11130-11148 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141
168 11498-11516 Disease denotes infectious disease MESH:D003141
169 11531-11540 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
170 11701-11707 Disease denotes stress MESH:D000079225
171 11801-11810 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
173 12092-12096 Species denotes Quan Tax:1172644
178 12587-12591 Species denotes Quan Tax:1172644
179 12770-12774 Species denotes Quan Tax:1172644
180 12782-12794 Species denotes participants Tax:9606
181 12638-12647 Species denotes influenza Tax:11309
183 14004-14018 Species denotes gut microbiome Tax:749906
185 13475-13480 Species denotes human Tax:9606
188 15461-15467 Species denotes people Tax:9606
189 15531-15537 Species denotes people Tax:9606

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T1 1509-1522 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T2 1528-1531 Body_part denotes gut http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7199
T3 1668-1672 Body_part denotes body http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135
T4 2316-2329 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T5 2542-2555 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T6 2722-2735 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T7 2753-2759 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T8 2764-2769 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T9 2852-2858 Body_part denotes muscle http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma32558
T10 2869-2876 Body_part denotes tissues http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9637
T11 3036-3040 Body_part denotes Back http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma25056
T12 4515-4532 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma265130
T13 6544-6548 Body_part denotes Hand http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712
T14 6833-6837 Body_part denotes face http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728
T15 6842-6846 Body_part denotes neck http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7155
T16 7799-7812 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T17 8012-8025 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T18 8366-8389 Body_part denotes upper respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45661
T19 8412-8416 Body_part denotes nose http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma46472
T20 8446-8452 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738
T21 8560-8566 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma228738
T22 8568-8572 Body_part denotes body http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135
T23 8618-8623 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9576
T24 8832-8845 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T25 8858-8875 Body_part denotes cytotoxic T cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma70573
T26 8870-8875 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T27 8919-8924 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T28 9850-9855 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T29 12058-12062 Body_part denotes body http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma256135
T30 12741-12749 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T31 13329-13343 Body_part denotes immune systems http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T32 13792-13805 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T33 13871-13885 Body_part denotes immune systems http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9825
T34 14004-14007 Body_part denotes gut http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7199
T35 14023-14026 Body_part denotes gut http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma7199

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T1 1509-1522 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T2 2316-2329 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T3 2542-2555 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T4 2722-2735 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T5 2753-2759 Body_part denotes tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479
T6 2764-2769 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T7 4515-4532 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065
T8 6414-6419 Body_part denotes hands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T9 6544-6548 Body_part denotes Hand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T10 6833-6837 Body_part denotes face http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456
T11 6842-6846 Body_part denotes neck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000974
T12 6857-6862 Body_part denotes hands http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398
T13 7224-7228 Body_part denotes feet http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002387
T14 7799-7812 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T15 8012-8025 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T16 8366-8389 Body_part denotes upper respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557
T17 8372-8389 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065
T18 8412-8416 Body_part denotes nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000004
T19 8446-8452 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341
T20 8560-8566 Body_part denotes throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341
T21 8618-8623 Body_part denotes chest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001443
T22 8832-8845 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T23 13329-13343 Body_part denotes immune systems http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T24 13792-13805 Body_part denotes immune system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405
T25 13871-13885 Body_part denotes immune systems http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T1 134-142 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T2 686-694 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T3 1365-1374 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T4 1737-1740 Disease denotes flu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T5 2221-2224 Disease denotes Drs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024265
T6 2447-2450 Disease denotes Drs http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024265
T7 2934-2937 Disease denotes flu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T8 3183-3202 Disease denotes influenza infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T9 3193-3202 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T10 3349-3358 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T11 3670-3679 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T12 3866-3875 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T13 3943-3961 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T14 4092-4101 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T15 4190-4199 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T16 4376-4385 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T17 4457-4466 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T18 4481-4490 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T19 4515-4542 Disease denotes respiratory tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355
T20 4533-4542 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T21 4698-4706 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T22 4736-4745 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T23 4912-4920 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T24 5196-5204 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T25 5840-5849 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T26 6045-6055 Disease denotes infectious http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T27 7658-7676 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T28 7837-7846 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T29 8197-8200 Disease denotes flu http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812
T30 8202-8235 Disease denotes severe acute respiratory syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T31 8237-8241 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T32 8259-8267 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T33 8406-8416 Disease denotes runny nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0003014
T34 8441-8452 Disease denotes sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002258
T35 8555-8566 Disease denotes sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002258
T36 8752-8768 Disease denotes viral infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005108
T37 9883-9893 Disease denotes infectious http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T38 10044-10050 Disease denotes injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0021178
T39 10994-11004 Disease denotes infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T40 11130-11148 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T41 11498-11516 Disease denotes infectious disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T42 11801-11810 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T43 12638-12647 Disease denotes influenza http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 45-46 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T2 99-100 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T3 209-212 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T4 325-328 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T5 344-345 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T6 438-439 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T7 471-474 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T8 534-537 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T9 655-667 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 denotes Organization
T10 704-705 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T11 847-852 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T12 995-996 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T13 1187-1189 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050475 denotes my
T14 1213-1214 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T15 1313-1314 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T16 1396-1397 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T17 1418-1419 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T18 1467-1474 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focuses
T19 1509-1522 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune system
T20 1528-1531 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001007 denotes gut
T21 1528-1531 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001555 denotes gut
T22 1528-1531 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000834 denotes gut
T23 1904-1905 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T24 2135-2137 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050475 denotes my
T25 2221-2224 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002819 denotes Drs
T26 2316-2329 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune system
T27 2447-2450 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0002819 denotes Drs
T28 2493-2495 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007653 denotes me
T29 2542-2555 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune system
T30 2615-2616 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T31 2677-2680 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T32 2722-2735 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune system
T33 2764-2769 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes organ
T34 2819-2820 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T35 2852-2858 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001630 denotes muscle
T36 2852-2858 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005090 denotes muscle
T37 2852-2858 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000801 denotes muscle
T38 2852-2858 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0001949 denotes muscle
T39 3068-3069 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T40 3241-3247 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T41 3777-3778 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T42 3915-3916 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T43 4671-4678 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T44 4749-4750 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T45 4812-4815 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T46 4832-4833 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T47 4967-4968 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T48 4991-4998 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes viruses
T49 5299-5300 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T50 5497-5498 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T51 5699-5700 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T52 5735-5736 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T53 5741-5746 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T54 5862-5863 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T55 6113-6114 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T56 6144-6145 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T57 6529-6530 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T58 6833-6837 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 denotes face
T59 6842-6846 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000967 denotes neck
T60 6914-6915 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T61 6955-6960 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T62 7200-7201 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T63 7275-7280 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T64 7299-7306 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 denotes objects
T65 7799-7812 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune system
T66 7880-7881 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T67 8012-8025 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune system
T68 8129-8130 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T69 8412-8416 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000828 denotes nose
T70 8618-8623 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000965 denotes chest
T71 8832-8845 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune system
T72 8868-8875 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cells
T73 8899-8904 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 denotes virus
T74 8919-8924 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T75 9110-9111 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T76 9168-9171 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001302 denotes 3 4
T77 9198-9199 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T78 9345-9346 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T79 9417-9418 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T80 9573-9581 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T81 9673-9681 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T82 9762-9765 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T83 9794-9795 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T84 9850-9855 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T85 9946-9954 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T86 10021-10029 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658 denotes activity
T87 10331-10332 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T88 10519-10526 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focuses
T89 10846-10847 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T90 11313-11319 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes Animal
T91 11634-11640 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T92 11859-11860 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T93 11937-11944 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focused
T94 12410-12412 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050475 denotes My
T95 12524-12525 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T96 12877-12878 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T97 13127-13128 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T98 13156-13161 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 denotes field
T99 13259-13262 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T100 13329-13343 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune systems
T101 13475-13480 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T102 13501-13502 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T103 13518-13524 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T104 13612-13617 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 denotes field
T105 13792-13805 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune system
T106 13871-13885 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002405 denotes immune systems
T107 14004-14007 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001007 denotes gut
T108 14004-14007 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001555 denotes gut
T109 14004-14007 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000834 denotes gut
T110 14023-14026 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001007 denotes gut
T111 14023-14026 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001555 denotes gut
T112 14023-14026 http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000834 denotes gut
T113 14439-14444 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009985 denotes focus
T114 14557-14559 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050475 denotes my
T115 14574-14575 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T116 14677-14682 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001627 denotes (a) a
T117 14774-14775 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021 denotes b
T118 14918-14923 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 denotes field
T119 15189-15190 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T120 15305-15307 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007653 denotes me
T121 15448-15449 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T122 15476-15481 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007688 denotes field
T123 15733-15734 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T124 15873-15875 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050475 denotes my
T125 15933-15936 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T126 16118-16122 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0008416 denotes Peer
T127 16118-16122 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050081 denotes Peer

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T1 3917-3922 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T2 6446-6451 Chemical denotes water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377
T3 6578-6585 Chemical denotes alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16236|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T1 4515-4542 Phenotype denotes respiratory tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0011947
T2 7147-7155 Phenotype denotes coughing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735
T3 8406-8416 Phenotype denotes runny nose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031417
T4 8441-8452 Phenotype denotes sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033050
T5 8555-8566 Phenotype denotes sore throat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033050
T6 8568-8578 Phenotype denotes body aches http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033047
T7 8580-8599 Phenotype denotes shortness of breath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002098
T8 8609-8616 Phenotype denotes fatigue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012378
T9 8624-8629 Phenotype denotes cough http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012735
T10 8634-8639 Phenotype denotes fever http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001945

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 1548-1553 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007568 denotes aging
T2 1714-1729 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 denotes immune response
T3 8752-8768 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032 denotes viral infections
T4 9805-9811 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0060361 denotes flight
T5 12619-12634 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 denotes immune response

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-68 Sentence denotes Should, and how can, exercise be done during a coronavirus outbreak?
T2 69-101 Sentence denotes An interview with Dr. Jeffrey A.
T3 102-107 Sentence denotes Woods
T4 109-175 Sentence denotes The Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis is now present in China.
T5 176-321 Sentence denotes It started in December, 2019 and has, so far, led 213 individuals died and at least 9066 infected in China by local time 17:26, January 30, 2020.
T6 322-434 Sentence denotes It has also spread to a number of Asian countries, as well as to Canada, France, Germany, and the United States.
T7 435-616 Sentence denotes As a result, the Chinese government has put several major cities in Hubei Province on lockdown and has thrown plans for the Lunar New Year holiday into chaos for millions of people.
T8 617-789 Sentence denotes On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization also declared the COVID-19 outbreak a global health emergency because it could spread to countries that are not prepared.
T9 790-991 Sentence denotes Furthermore, to prevent the spread of the new and deadly virus, all cities in China now have shut down most public places and facilities, including parks, leaving many people with no place to exercise.
T10 992-1088 Sentence denotes As a result, people may wonder if one should exercise at all during the outbreak and if so, how?
T11 1089-1215 Sentence denotes These questions made Journal of Sport and Health Science remember some well-known studies done by my colleague, Dr. Jeffrey A.
T12 1216-1383 Sentence denotes Woods and his team at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), in which they found a protective effect of exercise on mortality due to influenza in mice.
T13 1384-1398 Sentence denotes Dr. Jeffrey A.
T14 1399-1404 Sentence denotes Woods
T15 1405-1453 Sentence denotes Dr. Woods is a Mottier Family Professor at UIUC.
T16 1454-1554 Sentence denotes His research focuses on the effects of exercise on the immune system, the gut microbiome, and aging.
T17 1555-1765 Sentence denotes He was among the first scholars to demonstrate that regular exercise can have an anti-inflammatory effect on the body and showed that exercise can improve the immune response to the flu vaccine in older adults.
T18 1766-1825 Sentence denotes I interviewed Dr. Woods for the “Should and How” questions.
T19 1826-1830 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T20 1831-2060 Sentence denotes Would you please tell the readers of Journal of Sport and Health Science a little bit about yourself, for example, where did you receive your training and what made you interested in exercise and immune function-related research?
T21 2061-2067 Sentence denotes Woods:
T22 2068-2123 Sentence denotes I am currently an administrator and researcher at UIUC.
T23 2124-2225 Sentence denotes I received my PhD from the University of South Carolina (USC) at Columbia under the direction of Drs.
T24 2226-2228 Sentence denotes J.
T25 2229-2254 Sentence denotes Mark Davis and Russ Pate.
T26 2255-2431 Sentence denotes I had an interest in understanding how exercise affected the immune system because not much was known about it, so I sought out co-mentors at the nearby USC School of Medicine.
T27 2432-2576 Sentence denotes There, I found Drs. Eugene Mayer and Abdul Ghaffar, who took me on as an additional mentee to learn about the immune system and how to study it.
T28 2577-2656 Sentence denotes In the 1980s, exercise immunology was a very new subfield for exercise science.
T29 2657-2877 Sentence denotes As time evolved, it has been satisfying to see how important the immune system is to the normal tissue and organ functioning and pathophysiology and how it plays a role in exercise adaptation in muscle and other tissues.
T30 2878-2882 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T31 2883-3028 Sentence denotes Please tell us about your well-known “exercise and flu” studies,1 , 2 including the purposes of the studies, research design, and major findings.
T32 3029-3035 Sentence denotes Woods:
T33 3036-3233 Sentence denotes Back in the 2000s, we performed a series of studies in mice and people to understand how individual bouts of exercise and exercise training affect influenza infection and vaccination, respectively.
T34 3234-3359 Sentence denotes In our animal studies, we found that moderate endurance exercise (30 min/day) could protect mice from death due to influenza.
T35 3360-3561 Sentence denotes Mice that exercised for longer durations (∼2.5 h/day) exhibited an increase in some illness symptoms, but there was no statistically significant difference in mortality when compared to sedentary mice.
T36 3562-3694 Sentence denotes We concluded that moderate exercise could be beneficial and that prolonged exercise could be detrimental to influenza-infected mice.
T37 3695-3764 Sentence denotes For obvious reasons, we have not performed this experiment in people.
T38 3765-3986 Sentence denotes We also did a large study to determine whether 10 months of regular endurance exercise could improve influenza vaccination responses in older adults, a group that is at risk for infectious disease due to immunosenescence.
T39 3987-4263 Sentence denotes We found that regular, moderate cardiovascular exercise could extend the protective effect of the annual influenza vaccination so that it maintained protective levels of antibodies throughout the entire influenza season (i.e., into March and April in the northern hemisphere).
T40 4264-4398 Sentence denotes We concluded that regular moderate endurance exercise might be one way to boost the protective effect of annual influenza vaccination.
T41 4399-4475 Sentence denotes It is very important for all people to receive the annual influenza vaccine.
T42 4476-4679 Sentence denotes Both influenza and coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infection that can lead to morbidity and mortality, especially in those who are immunocompromised or who have no existing immunity to the viruses.
T43 4680-4907 Sentence denotes Indeed, while the COVID-19 should not be taken lightly, influenza is a much bigger problem, but because it is relatively common and has been around for a long time, it does not receive the attention that new viral outbreaks do.
T44 4908-4986 Sentence denotes The COVID-19 is scary because it is new and we do not know a lot about it yet.
T45 4987-5106 Sentence denotes New viruses are always scary because we have little to no protective immunity against them and we do not have vaccines.
T46 5107-5212 Sentence denotes There is work going on to understand and develop preventive strategies to deal with this COVID-19 threat.
T47 5213-5346 Sentence denotes However, universal precautions to limit its spread are very important right now until a new vaccine or another strategy is available.
T48 5347-5351 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T49 5352-5520 Sentence denotes Based on your earlier studies, as well as the progresses made in exercise and immunization over the past 15 years, should people exercise during a coronavirus outbreak?
T50 5521-5552 Sentence denotes If so, what are the guidelines?
T51 5553-5559 Sentence denotes Woods:
T52 5560-5615 Sentence denotes It is safe to exercise during the coronavirus outbreak.
T53 5616-5766 Sentence denotes One should not limit the multitude of health benefits that exercise provides us on a daily basis just because there is a new virus in our environment.
T54 5767-5850 Sentence denotes However, there may be some additional precautions to reduce your risk of infection.
T55 5851-5992 Sentence denotes If you are a “social exerciser”, you might want to limit your exposure to exercise partners who have exhibited signs and symptoms of illness.
T56 5993-6085 Sentence denotes The problem, though, is that infected people may be infectious before they exhibit symptoms.
T57 6086-6174 Sentence denotes In some instances, wearing a mask while exercising may be a way to reduce your exposure.
T58 6175-6359 Sentence denotes It is very important to make sure that if you are exercising on equipment in fitness facilities or gymnasiums that you make sure to disinfect the equipment before and after you use it.
T59 6360-6543 Sentence denotes When done exercising, the most effective way to clean hands is to wet them with clean water, then apply soap and scrub for at least 20 s, before rinsing and drying with a clean towel.
T60 6544-6624 Sentence denotes Hand sanitizers with at least 60% alcohol content may also be used, but the U.S.
T61 6625-6715 Sentence denotes Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warns they are not effective against all germs.
T62 6716-6809 Sentence denotes This strategy should be used at all times, not just because there is an acute viral outbreak.
T63 6810-6927 Sentence denotes Avoiding touching your face and neck with your hands is also advised if you cannot disinfect them until a later time.
T64 6928-7042 Sentence denotes At this stage, we know the virus is transmitted through airborne droplets and direct contact with infected people.
T65 7043-7246 Sentence denotes Coronaviruses are primarily spread through close contact with another individual, in particular through coughing and sneezing on somebody else who is within a range of about 3 to 6 feet from that person.
T66 7247-7307 Sentence denotes We do not know how long the virus remains viable on objects.
T67 7308-7312 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T68 7313-7375 Sentence denotes Will the guidelines apply to previously sedentary individuals?
T69 7376-7382 Sentence denotes Woods:
T70 7383-7464 Sentence denotes It is safe for sedentary individuals to exercise or to start an exercise program.
T71 7465-7590 Sentence denotes Physician consultation and approval may be needed for people with disease, comorbidity, orthopedic problems, or advanced age.
T72 7591-7684 Sentence denotes As above, there are prudent precautions that can be taken to limit infectious disease spread.
T73 7685-7847 Sentence denotes Anything that increases your probability of coming into contact with an infected person, or that compromises your immune system, increases your risk of infection.
T74 7848-7909 Sentence denotes If you are sedentary, it may be a good idea not to overdo it.
T75 7910-8035 Sentence denotes Research suggests that unaccustomed strenuous or prolonged exercise might reduce the function of your immune system defenses.
T76 8036-8141 Sentence denotes As such, avoiding long and stressful exercise sessions that you are unaccustomed to might be a good idea.
T77 8142-8146 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T78 8147-8277 Sentence denotes What about the people who already got infected by flu, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), or the current COVID-19 in China?
T79 8278-8309 Sentence denotes Should they still do exercises?
T80 8310-8316 Sentence denotes Woods:
T81 8317-8454 Sentence denotes Typically, one can exercise moderately with mild upper respiratory tract symptoms (e.g., runny nose, sinus congestion, mild sore throat).
T82 8455-8640 Sentence denotes However, I would recommend against exercising if you are experiencing any of these symptoms: severe sore throat, body aches, shortness of breath, general fatigue, chest cough, or fever.
T83 8641-8714 Sentence denotes You should also seek medical care if you are experiencing those symptoms.
T84 8715-8925 Sentence denotes Typically, recovery from respiratory viral infections takes 2–3 weeks, which corresponds with the time it takes your immune system to generate cytotoxic T cells necessary to clear the virus from infected cells.
T85 8926-9053 Sentence denotes After this period, when symptoms are gone, it is safe to begin exercising regularly, but you may want to take it slow at first.
T86 9054-9058 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T87 9059-9317 Sentence denotes While many research studies examined the impact of a relatively long-term exercise intervention (8–12 weeks),3 4 others reported that even a single bout of exercise can help boost one's immune function.5 So, how quickly can one benefit from an exercise bout?
T88 9318-9324 Sentence denotes Woods:
T89 9325-9439 Sentence denotes I believe that even a single exercise bout can be beneficial, but regular exercise provides a much bigger benefit.
T90 9440-9582 Sentence denotes Molecular and cellular events take place within seconds to minutes following the beginning of an exercise bout or period of physical activity.
T91 9583-9739 Sentence denotes This is why there is so much work right now examining sitting time and how often physical activity should be interspersed with inactivity to promote health.
T92 9740-9955 Sentence denotes The historic thinking has been that exercise promotes a fight or flight stress response that mobilizes immune cells to get ready for impending infectious or noninfectious challenges accompanied by physical activity.
T93 9956-10059 Sentence denotes This makes sense from an evolutionary perspective where physical activity might lead to injury or harm.
T94 10060-10064 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T95 10065-10086 Sentence denotes What about intensity?
T96 10087-10190 Sentence denotes It seems that most studies and reviews say that the intensity of the exercises should be kept moderate.
T97 10191-10384 Sentence denotes However, Campbell and Turner6 have recently challenged this belief and claimed that there is no harmful effect on immune function even when a vigorous bout of exercise intervention is employed.
T98 10385-10474 Sentence denotes What is your view on the appropriate intensity of exercise for improving immune function?
T99 10475-10481 Sentence denotes Woods:
T100 10482-10630 Sentence denotes The report from Campbell and Turner6 focuses on highly fit individuals who compete in, and are accustomed to, long endurance, high-intensity events.
T101 10631-10866 Sentence denotes While I believe there is merit in the evidence they provide to refute the conclusions for that population, studies where sedentary people are forced to exercise at high intensities for prolonged periods might paint a different picture.
T102 10867-11072 Sentence denotes There are few such studies due to the ethics and safety concerns and there are many other variables that contribute to natural infections that would need to be accounted and controlled for in such studies.
T103 11073-11168 Sentence denotes The best studies would be ones that control exercise and infectious disease exposure in people.
T104 11169-11312 Sentence denotes These are difficult to ethically perform in people and it would be very difficult or impossible to get approved by institutional review boards.
T105 11313-11541 Sentence denotes Animal models, including ours as mentioned, may provide valuable insights into this argument and there are many studies demonstrating that prolonged, unaccustomed exercise can increase infectious disease morbidity and mortality.
T106 11542-11612 Sentence denotes These studies were not reconciled in the Campbell and Turner6 article.
T107 11613-11892 Sentence denotes However, as with all animal models, there are limitations, such as species differences, stress associated with forced exercise, the type of pathogen, and timing of exercise in relation to infection that would need to be taken into account before a firm conclusion could be drawn.
T108 11893-11897 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T109 11898-12175 Sentence denotes While most published studies have been focused on the impact of aerobic exercise on immune function, recent research studies have found resistance training and body–mind exercise such as Tai Ji Quan, known also as Tai Chi, and yoga could also be helpful to the immune function.
T110 12176-12241 Sentence denotes What is your view and recommendation on these types of exercises?
T111 12242-12248 Sentence denotes Woods:
T112 12249-12409 Sentence denotes There have been some more recent studies aimed at determining the role of resistance training and high-intensity interval training on various immune parameters.
T113 12410-12510 Sentence denotes My take of the literature is that there are still very few studies on this to make firm conclusions.
T114 12511-12676 Sentence denotes We published a study in 20077 examining the influence of 5 months of Tai Ji Quan/Qigong could influence the immune response to influenza vaccination in older adults.
T115 12677-12821 Sentence denotes We found significant increases in the magnitude and duration of antibody responses in Tai Ji Quan/Qigong participants when compared to controls.
T116 12822-13033 Sentence denotes While I am unaware if these data have been replicated, a recent systematic review on the effects of yoga concluded that yoga might be beneficial for those suffering from diseases with an inflammatory component.8
T117 13034-13038 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T118 13039-13104 Sentence denotes You have many firsts in the area of exercise and immune function.
T119 13105-13239 Sentence denotes Would you please list a few top questions that the field should address so that young researchers can address some of these questions?
T120 13240-13246 Sentence denotes Woods:
T121 13247-13555 Sentence denotes While there has been much progress in understanding the impact of exercise on our immune systems, there is still much we do not know and the challenge is that we have known about these questions for some time but limitations of human experimentation and a dearth of good animal models have hindered progress.
T122 13556-13641 Sentence denotes Questions such as shown below are key questions for the field to be moving forward:1.
T123 13642-13729 Sentence denotes What are the mechanisms whereby exercise affects various aspects of immune functioning?
T124 13730-13732 Sentence denotes 2.
T125 13733-13821 Sentence denotes How do various acute and chronic exercise paradigms affect immune system omics measures?
T126 13822-13824 Sentence denotes 3.
T127 13825-13886 Sentence denotes Does exercise cause epigenetic changes in our immune systems?
T128 13887-13889 Sentence denotes 4.
T129 13890-13971 Sentence denotes Do exercise-induced changes in immune functioning translate into health benefits?
T130 13972-13974 Sentence denotes 5.
T131 13975-14036 Sentence denotes How does exercise impact the gut microbiome and gut immunity?
T132 14037-14039 Sentence denotes 6.
T133 14040-14108 Sentence denotes What are optimal exercise dose-responses for various disease states?
T134 14109-14113 Sentence denotes Zhu:
T135 14114-14234 Sentence denotes Finally, you have been very supportive of Chinese scholars and have trained some excellent graduate students from China.
T136 14235-14319 Sentence denotes You have also often reviewed the research works submitted from Chinese laboratories.
T137 14320-14448 Sentence denotes Based on your observation and experience, which areas should the Chinese scholars and laboratories further improve and focus on?
T138 14449-14455 Sentence denotes Woods:
T139 14456-14597 Sentence denotes Yes, I get many inquiries from Chinese and other international students about potentially working in my laboratory as a pre-doctoral student.
T140 14598-14924 Sentence denotes The main advice that I would give these students is to make sure that you have (a) a strong academic record that includes basic science courses (i.e., chemistry, physiology), (b) evidence of basic science wet laboratory skills, and (c) tangible research output (i.e., abstracts, publications, and presentations) in your field.
T141 14925-15071 Sentence denotes I would also caution about using cold call e-mails that do not reflect careful thought and research relative to the individual you are contacting.
T142 15072-15251 Sentence denotes You should read the work and understand the research interests of the professor you are contacting while also making a case that you have strong interests and skills in this area.
T143 15252-15415 Sentence denotes Most of the Chinese scholars I have mentored came to me on recommendation from someone I know and trust (e.g., another U.S. or international professor or student).
T144 15416-15494 Sentence denotes Thus, it is important to create a network of people in your field of interest.
T145 15495-15561 Sentence denotes You can do this by interacting with people at scientific meetings.
T146 15562-15763 Sentence denotes If that is not an option due to cost or circumstance, I would recommend trying to find any connection between you, your institution, or your current mentor and someone at a target institution of study.
T147 15764-16017 Sentence denotes As for manuscripts coming from Chinese or international laboratories submitted to English-language journals, my recommendation would be to make sure that the manuscript has been carefully edited for spelling and grammar relative to the English language.
T148 16018-16116 Sentence denotes No matter how good the science is, if the presentation is poor it will reflect poorly on the work.
T149 16118-16183 Sentence denotes Peer review under responsibility of Shanghai University of Sport.