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PMC:7029759 / 6503-9634 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
172 82-83 Gene denotes S Gene:43740568
173 280-281 Gene denotes S Gene:43740568
174 48-59 Species denotes Coronavirus Tax:11118
175 340-348 Disease denotes infected MESH:D007239
191 851-852 Gene denotes S Gene:43740568
192 520-521 Gene denotes S Gene:43740568
193 548-557 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
194 735-744 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
195 911-915 Species denotes mice Tax:10090
196 919-926 Species denotes rabbits Tax:9986
197 1032-1037 Species denotes yeast Tax:4932
198 1319-1328 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
199 1563-1576 Species denotes coronaviruses Tax:11118
200 1962-1970 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
201 2195-2200 Species denotes yeast Tax:4932
202 2266-2274 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
203 1341-1350 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
204 1590-1594 Disease denotes SARS MESH:D045169
205 755-765 CellLine denotes MN908947.3 CVCL:U508
212 2349-2358 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
213 2405-2410 Species denotes sheep Tax:9940
214 2418-2421 Species denotes cow Tax:9913
215 2432-2441 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049
216 2828-2833 Species denotes human Tax:9606
217 3074-3083 Species denotes 2019-nCoV Tax:2697049

LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T146 24-34 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T145 38-47 SP_7 denotes 2019-nCoV
T144 48-59 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes Coronavirus
T143 82-91 PG_1 denotes S protein
T142 128-140 GO:0009986 denotes cell surface
T141 180-193 GO:0005886 denotes cell membrane
T140 210-215 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes viral
T139 216-228 GO:0000786 denotes nucleocapsid
T138 260-271 GO:0006260 denotes replication
T137 280-289 PG_1 denotes S protein
T136 422-431 PG_1 denotes S protein
T135 497-505 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T134 520-529 PG_1 denotes S protein
T133 548-557 SP_7 denotes 2019-nCoV
T132 716-722 SO:0001026 denotes genome
T131 735-744 SP_7 denotes 2019-nCoV
T130 797-801 SO:0000704;GO:0006412 denotes gene
T129 836-846 GO:0010467 denotes expressing
T128 851-860 PG_1 denotes S protein
T127 867-876 CHEBI:60816;CHEBI:60816 denotes immunogen
T126 911-915 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T125 919-926 NCBITaxon:9986 denotes rabbits
T124 944-954 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T123 1061-1068 GO:0010467 denotes express
T122 1069-1077 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T121 1142-1147 NCBITaxon:10239 denotes viral
T120 1197-1205 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T119 1271-1277 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animal
T118 1319-1328 SP_7 denotes 2019-nCoV
T117 1530-1538 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T116 1563-1576 NCBITaxon:11118 denotes coronaviruses
T115 1577-1584 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T114 1590-1594 SP_10 denotes SARS
T113 1643-1650 BV_9 denotes epitope
T112 1684-1694 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T111 1717-1723 SO:0000417 denotes domain
T110 1731-1740 PG_1 denotes S protein
T109 1893-1901 CHEBI:60004;CHEBI:60004 denotes cocktail
T108 1905-1915 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T107 2114-2121 GO:0010467 denotes express
T106 2151-2160 NCBITaxon:1 denotes organisms
T105 2165-2172 BV_20 denotes protein
T104 2173-2183 BV_20;GO:0010467 denotes expression
T103 2185-2193 NCBITaxon:2 denotes bacteria
T102 2202-2208 NCBITaxon:6960 denotes insect
T101 2330-2340 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T100 2349-2358 SP_7 denotes 2019-nCoV
T99 2359-2368 PG_1 denotes S protein
T98 2396-2403 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T97 2405-2410 NCBITaxon:9940 denotes sheep
T96 2412-2416 NCBITaxon:9925 denotes goat
T95 2418-2421 NCBITaxon:9913 denotes cow
T94 2432-2441 SP_7 denotes 2019-nCoV
T93 2442-2451 PG_1 denotes S protein
T92 2483-2493 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T91 2503-2510 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animals
T90 2701-2707 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animal
T89 2735-2743 UBERON:0001977 denotes antisera
T88 2757-2765 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T87 2789-2795 NCBITaxon:33208 denotes animal
T86 2828-2833 SP_6;NCBITaxon:9606 denotes human
T85 2834-2840 UBERON:0002405;GO:0006959 denotes immune
T84 2841-2849 GO:0006959 denotes response
T83 2866-2881 GO:0019814 denotes immunoglobulins
T82 2891-2898 NCBITaxon:species denotes species
T81 3074-3083 SP_7 denotes 2019-nCoV

LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T13 84-91 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T14 128-140 Body_part denotes cell surface http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67653
T15 128-132 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T16 180-193 Body_part denotes cell membrane http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63841
T17 180-184 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T18 240-244 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T19 282-289 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T20 349-354 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T21 382-387 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T22 424-431 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T23 497-505 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T24 522-529 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T25 716-722 Body_part denotes genome http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma84116
T26 797-801 Body_part denotes gene http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74402
T27 853-860 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T28 1069-1077 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T29 1197-1205 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T30 1254-1258 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T31 1530-1538 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T32 1733-1740 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T33 2165-2172 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T34 2209-2214 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T35 2361-2368 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T36 2444-2451 Body_part denotes protein http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257
T37 2757-2765 Body_part denotes antibody http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871
T38 2866-2881 Body_part denotes immunoglobulins http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62871

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T3 3061-3066 Body_part denotes scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002542

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T23 1341-1350 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T24 1590-1594 Disease denotes SARS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T53 103-104 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T54 128-132 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T55 180-184 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T56 185-193 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000158 denotes membrane
T57 240-244 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T58 349-354 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T59 382-387 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T60 482-483 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T61 797-801 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 denotes gene
T62 1244-1250 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T63 1254-1258 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cell
T64 1271-1277 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T65 1399-1405 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 denotes tested
T66 1744-1745 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T67 1758-1760 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050510 denotes 18
T68 1780-1781 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T69 1891-1892 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T70 2151-2160 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026 denotes organisms
T71 2151-2160 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000468 denotes organisms
T72 2185-2193 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2 denotes bacteria
T73 2209-2214 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005623 denotes cells
T74 2396-2403 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T75 2405-2410 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9940 denotes sheep
T76 2412-2416 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9925 denotes goat
T77 2503-2510 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animals
T78 2594-2597 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T79 2668-2671 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T80 2701-2707 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T81 2789-2795 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_33208 denotes animal
T82 2828-2833 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 denotes human
T83 2959-2961 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050507 denotes 22
T84 2966-2967 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T85 3026-3027 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T12 84-91 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T13 282-289 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T14 424-431 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T15 522-529 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T16 853-860 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T17 867-876 Chemical denotes immunogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60816
T18 1643-1650 Chemical denotes epitope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53000
T19 1733-1740 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T20 2165-2172 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T21 2361-2368 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080
T22 2444-2451 Chemical denotes protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 322-331 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes formation
T2 802-811 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 denotes synthesis
T3 2834-2849 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 denotes immune response

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T43 0-47 Sentence denotes Developing neutralizing antibodies to 2019-nCoV
T44 48-275 Sentence denotes Coronavirus entry starts with the S protein binding to a target receptor on the cell surface, where after fusion is mediated at the cell membrane, delivering the viral nucleocapsid inside the cell for subsequent replication 14.
T45 276-481 Sentence denotes The S protein is famous for causing syncytial formation between infected cells and other receptor-bearing cells around them, emphasizing that the S protein does not function in just the virion state alone.
T46 482-692 Sentence denotes A neutralizing antibody targeting the S protein on the surface of 2019-nCoV is likely the first therapy contemplated by biomedical researchers in academia and industry, providing passive immunity to disease 15.
T47 693-877 Sentence denotes The recently published genome sequence of 2019-nCoV (GenBank: MN908947.3) allows researchers to perform gene synthesis in the lab and consider expressing the S protein as an immunogen.
T48 878-1170 Sentence denotes Traditional methods of screening mice or rabbits for neutralizing antibodies may be too slow for this outbreak, but faster methods such as using phage or yeast display libraries that express antibody fragments could be used quickly to identify lead candidates for viral neutralization 16, 17.
T49 1171-1351 Sentence denotes The challenge is that any antibody candidate would need to be rigorously tested in cell culture and animal models to confirm that it can neutralize 2019-nCoV and prevent infection.
T50 1352-1539 Sentence denotes Furthermore, several isolates would need to be tested that are circulating in the population to try to assess if sufficient breadth of coverage is obtained with the neutralizing antibody.
T51 1540-1869 Sentence denotes Information from other coronaviruses species like SARS would be helpful as to where to target the best epitope in order to produce neutralizing antibodies (the receptor-binding domain in the S protein is a key target) 18, but again this is a slow and challenging process, which may not yield significant gains for several months.
T52 1870-2044 Sentence denotes Moreover, ultimately a cocktail of antibodies may be required to ensure full protection for patients, which would add additional complexity for formulation and manufacturing.
T53 2045-2278 Sentence denotes Like some of the therapeutic options discussed below, the ability to express any lead candidates in lower organisms for protein expression (bacteria, yeast, insect cells) would facilitate faster production of therapy for patients 19.
T54 2279-2514 Sentence denotes An alternative strategy of generating neutralizing antibodies against 2019-nCoV S protein would be to immunize large animals (sheep, goat, cow) with the 2019-nCoV S protein, and then purifying polyclonal antibodies from the animals 20.
T55 2515-2799 Sentence denotes This strategy may serve an expedited service in the setting of an outbreak and has many advantages such as simplifying production and manufacturing, but has limited guarantees that each animal would produce neutralizing antisera, or what the antibody titer would be in each animal 21.
T56 2800-2962 Sentence denotes Moreover, there is also the human immune response against foreign immunoglobulins to other species, which would potentially complicate any treatment scenarios 22.
T57 2963-3131 Sentence denotes In a truly desperate scenario, this strategy may be viable for a short-term, but would not easily scale in the 2019-nCoV outbreak, which is already rapidly multiplying.