PMC:7029158 / 1748-5939
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | fma_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 99-102 | Body_part | denotes | RNA | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095 |
T2 | 998-1001 | Body_part | denotes | HIV | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma278683 |
T3 | 1096-1106 | Body_part | denotes | nucleotide | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740 |
T4 | 1354-1357 | Body_part | denotes | RNA | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67095 |
T5 | 2293-2297 | Body_part | denotes | face | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma24728 |
T6 | 3101-3105 | Body_part | denotes | hand | http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma9712 |
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | uberon_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 2293-2297 | Body_part | denotes | face | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 |
T2 | 3101-3105 | Body_part | denotes | hand | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002398 |
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | mondo_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T7 | 391-401 | Disease | denotes | infectious | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T8 | 496-529 | Disease | denotes | Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T9 | 532-536 | Disease | denotes | SARS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T10 | 1002-1006 | Disease | denotes | AIDS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0012268 |
T11 | 1073-1075 | Disease | denotes | GS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005773 |
T12 | 1159-1164 | Disease | denotes | Ebola | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005737 |
T13 | 1432-1441 | Disease | denotes | influenza | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005812 |
T14 | 2326-2330 | Disease | denotes | SARS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091 |
T15 | 3558-3572 | Disease | denotes | infectiousness | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T16 | 3605-3614 | Disease | denotes | infection | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
T17 | 3636-3645 | Disease | denotes | infection | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550 |
LitCovid-PD-CLO
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T4 | 31-32 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T5 | 52-59 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | viruses |
T6 | 65-66 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T7 | 134-135 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T8 | 360-366 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 | denotes | humans |
T9 | 538-543 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T10 | 624-629 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T11 | 1094-1095 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T12 | 1181-1188 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | viruses |
T13 | 1190-1193 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T14 | 1481-1488 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018263 | denotes | peptide |
T15 | 1560-1561 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | A |
T16 | 1590-1593 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T17 | 1686-1689 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T18 | 1743-1746 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T19 | 2043-2048 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T20 | 2049-2052 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T21 | 2216-2219 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T22 | 2293-2297 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001456 | denotes | face |
T23 | 2605-2610 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239 | denotes | virus |
T24 | 2730-2731 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T25 | 3210-3214 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000473 | denotes | test |
T26 | 3271-3283 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000245 | denotes | Organization |
T27 | 3340-3341 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T28 | 3367-3368 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
T29 | 3753-3756 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T30 | 3858-3861 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T31 | 4018-4021 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 | denotes | has |
T32 | 4030-4031 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 | denotes | a |
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | chebi_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 33-38 | Chemical | denotes | group | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 |
T2 | 136-141 | Chemical | denotes | crown | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37409 |
T3 | 872-877 | Chemical | denotes | drugs | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 |
T4 | 904-923 | Chemical | denotes | protease inhibitors | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37670|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60258 |
T6 | 913-923 | Chemical | denotes | inhibitors | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 |
T7 | 935-944 | Chemical | denotes | Lopinavir | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781 |
T8 | 1073-1075 | Chemical | denotes | GS | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73516 |
T9 | 1096-1106 | Chemical | denotes | nucleotide | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976 |
T10 | 1120-1124 | Chemical | denotes | drug | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 |
T11 | 1278-1293 | Chemical | denotes | pharmaceuticals | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 |
T12 | 1302-1322 | Chemical | denotes | nucleoside analogues | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60783 |
T13 | 1302-1312 | Chemical | denotes | nucleoside | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33838 |
T14 | 1324-1348 | Chemical | denotes | neuraminidase inhibitors | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52425 |
T15 | 1338-1348 | Chemical | denotes | inhibitors | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 |
T16 | 1368-1378 | Chemical | denotes | inhibitors | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 |
T17 | 1449-1472 | Chemical | denotes | anti-inflammatory drugs | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35472 |
T18 | 1467-1472 | Chemical | denotes | drugs | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 |
T19 | 1481-1488 | Chemical | denotes | peptide | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670 |
T20 | 1520-1525 | Chemical | denotes | drugs | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 |
T21 | 1549-1551 | Chemical | denotes | Lu | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33382 |
T22 | 4012-4017 | Chemical | denotes | group | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 |
LitCovid-PD-GO-BP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T5 | 1354-1367 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032774 | denotes | RNA synthesis |
T6 | 1358-1367 | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058 | denotes | synthesis |
LitCovid-sentences
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue |
---|---|---|---|---|
T11 | 0-12 | Sentence | denotes | Introduction |
T12 | 13-172 | Sentence | denotes | Coronaviruses are a group of enveloped viruses with a positive-sense, single-stranded RNA and viral particles resembling a crown – from which the name derives. |
T13 | 173-324 | Sentence | denotes | They belong to the order of Nidovirales, family of Coronaviridae, and subfamily of Orthocoronavirinae (Carlos, Dela Cruz, Cao, Pasnick, & Jamil, 2020). |
T14 | 325-726 | Sentence | denotes | They can affect mammals, including humans, causing generally mild infectious disorders, sporadically leading to severe outbreaks clusters, such as those generated by the “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome” (SARS) virus in 2003 in mainland China, and by the “Middle East Respiratory Syndrome” (MERS) virus in 2012 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and in 2015 in South Korea (Gralinski & Menachery, 2020). |
T15 | 727-855 | Sentence | denotes | Currently, there exist no vaccines or anti-viral treatments officially approved for the prevention or management of the disease. |
T16 | 856-1072 | Sentence | denotes | Anti-retroviral drugs belonging to the class of protease inhibitors, including Lopinavir and Ritonavir, usually utilized for the treatment of HIV/AIDS patients, seem to exert anti-viral effects against coronaviruses. |
T17 | 1073-1261 | Sentence | denotes | GS-734 (Remdesivir), a nucleotide analogue pro-drug, originally developed against the Ebola and the Marburg viruses, has been recently suggested to be effective also against coronaviruses. |
T18 | 1262-1379 | Sentence | denotes | Other potential pharmaceuticals include nucleoside analogues, neuraminidase inhibitors, and RNA synthesis inhibitors. |
T19 | 1380-1559 | Sentence | denotes | Also, Umifenovir (Abidol), used for treating severe influenza cases, anti-inflammatory drugs and EK1 peptide have been proposed as possible drugs against coronaviruses (Lu, 2020). |
T20 | 1560-2026 | Sentence | denotes | A recent coronavirus outbreak has started since December 29th, 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei province, People’s Republic of China, and has progressively expanded to various parts of China and has reached as well other countries, including Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Singapore, Nepal, Cambodia, the Philippines, Russia, the United Arab Emirates, Australia, Canada, the United States of America and Europe (France, Germany, Italy, UK, Finland and Sweden). |
T21 | 2027-2187 | Sentence | denotes | So far, the new virus has infected more than 31,000 people and killed at least 636 of them (National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, 2020). |
T22 | 2188-2383 | Sentence | denotes | While considerable progress has been achieved with respect to seventeen years ago, when the world had to face, completely unprepared, the SARS pandemics, several issues still remain to cope with. |
T23 | 2384-2747 | Sentence | denotes | In order to respond swiftly and properly to the outbreak, public health decision- and policy-makers need timely and accurate epidemiological information, concerning, for example, how long it may take from exposure to the virus to illness/symptoms onset or which individuals, with specific characteristics or co-morbidities, are at higher risk of a poor prognosis. |
T24 | 2748-2951 | Sentence | denotes | However, many data are still lacking and available data may not be accurate or reliable and may contain substantial uncertainty, concerning, for instance, the precise timing and natural history of cases. |
T25 | 2952-3087 | Sentence | denotes | Simulating different scenarios with evolving knowledge and gradually improved data quality present significant challenges for modelers. |
T26 | 3088-3236 | Sentence | denotes | On the other hand, scenario analysis could help ruling out some (unrealistic or over optimistic) assumptions, enabling to test different hypotheses. |
T27 | 3237-3458 | Sentence | denotes | As recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO), mathematical models, especially those devised in a timely fashion, can play a key role in providing health decision- and policy-makers with evidence-based information. |
T28 | 3459-3712 | Sentence | denotes | Modeling can, indeed, better help understanding: i) how transmissible the disease is, ii) when the infectiousness is highest during the course of infection, iii) how severe the infection is, and iv) how effective interventions have been and ought to be. |
T29 | 3713-3914 | Sentence | denotes | The international community of modelers has accepted the challenge of designing mathematical models of coronavirus dynamics and transmission and has swiftly reacted to the current coronavirus outbreak. |
T30 | 3915-3995 | Sentence | denotes | Several models have been produced, resulting, sometimes, in different estimates. |
T31 | 3996-4093 | Sentence | denotes | Previously, our group has devised a deterministic compartmental (SEIR) model (Tang et al., 2020). |
T32 | 4094-4191 | Sentence | denotes | In the present article, we update this model, based on the latest available data and information. |
LitCovid-PD-HP
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | hp_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1 | 3625-3645 | Phenotype | denotes | severe the infection | http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032169 |
LitCovid-PubTator
Id | Subject | Object | Predicate | Lexical cue | tao:has_database_id |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
25 | 360-366 | Species | denotes | humans | Tax:9606 |
23 | 13-26 | Species | denotes | Coronaviruses | Tax:11118 |
24 | 224-237 | Species | denotes | Coronaviridae | Tax:11118 |
26 | 532-543 | Species | denotes | SARS) virus | Tax:694009 |
27 | 618-629 | Species | denotes | MERS) virus | Tax:1335626 |
28 | 391-411 | Disease | denotes | infectious disorders | MESH:D003141 |
29 | 503-529 | Disease | denotes | Acute Respiratory Syndrome | MESH:D012120 |
44 | 1324-1337 | Gene | denotes | neuraminidase | Gene:4758 |
45 | 1007-1015 | Species | denotes | patients | Tax:9606 |
46 | 1058-1071 | Species | denotes | coronaviruses | Tax:11118 |
47 | 1159-1164 | Species | denotes | Ebola | Tax:1570291 |
48 | 1247-1260 | Species | denotes | coronaviruses | Tax:11118 |
49 | 1534-1547 | Species | denotes | coronaviruses | Tax:11118 |
50 | 935-944 | Chemical | denotes | Lopinavir | MESH:D061466 |
51 | 1073-1079 | Chemical | denotes | GS-734 | MESH:C015600 |
52 | 1081-1091 | Chemical | denotes | Remdesivir | MESH:C000606551 |
53 | 1302-1312 | Chemical | denotes | nucleoside | MESH:D009705 |
54 | 1386-1396 | Chemical | denotes | Umifenovir | MESH:C086979 |
55 | 1398-1404 | Chemical | denotes | Abidol | |
56 | 998-1001 | Disease | denotes | HIV | MESH:D015658 |
57 | 1002-1006 | Disease | denotes | AIDS | MESH:D000163 |
62 | 1569-1580 | Species | denotes | coronavirus | Tax:11118 |
63 | 1654-1660 | Species | denotes | People | Tax:9606 |
64 | 2079-2085 | Species | denotes | people | Tax:9606 |
65 | 2053-2061 | Disease | denotes | infected | MESH:D007239 |
67 | 2326-2330 | Disease | denotes | SARS | MESH:D045169 |
70 | 3605-3614 | Disease | denotes | infection | MESH:D007239 |
71 | 3636-3645 | Disease | denotes | infection | MESH:D007239 |
74 | 3816-3827 | Species | denotes | coronavirus | Tax:11118 |
75 | 3893-3904 | Species | denotes | coronavirus | Tax:11118 |