PMC:6707402 / 1623-3168 JSONTXT

{"project":"MyTest","denotations":[{"id":"31489176-7055497-30447772","span":{"begin":127,"end":128},"obj":"7055497"},{"id":"31489176-7055497-30447773","span":{"begin":272,"end":273},"obj":"7055497"},{"id":"31489176-1055563-30447774","span":{"begin":275,"end":276},"obj":"1055563"},{"id":"31489176-1055563-30447775","span":{"begin":390,"end":391},"obj":"1055563"},{"id":"31489176-3916302-30447776","span":{"begin":639,"end":640},"obj":"3916302"},{"id":"31489176-16799886-30447777","span":{"begin":642,"end":643},"obj":"16799886"},{"id":"31489176-6025521-30447778","span":{"begin":737,"end":739},"obj":"6025521"},{"id":"31489176-14329978-30447779","span":{"begin":741,"end":743},"obj":"14329978"},{"id":"31489176-13657132-30447780","span":{"begin":902,"end":904},"obj":"13657132"},{"id":"31489176-6025521-30447781","span":{"begin":1008,"end":1010},"obj":"6025521"},{"id":"31489176-6025521-30447782","span":{"begin":1179,"end":1181},"obj":"6025521"},{"id":"31489176-14329978-30447783","span":{"begin":1339,"end":1341},"obj":"14329978"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/testbase"},{"prefix":"UniProtKB","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/"},{"prefix":"uniprot","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/"}],"text":"Introduction\nThe first medical report on the use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a pharmacological agent was published in 1964 1. A year later, the use of DMSO in humans was terminated because experimental studies had shown refractive index changes to the lens of the eye 1, 2. Years later, DMSO was again approved for use in humans since this side effect was only proven in animal studies 2. DMSO has since been used for a variety of purposes, such as treatment of musculoskeletal and dermatological diseases, cryopreservation of stem cells, treatment of interstitial cystitis, treatment of increased intracranial pressure, and many more 3– 9.\nDMSO is a colourless liquid, which is rapidly absorbed when administered dermally or orally 10, 11. DMSO is used as a cryoprotectant because it decreases osmotic stress and cellular dehydration, and thereby enables stem cells to be stored for several years 12. DMSO is mostly excreted through the kidneys, but a small part is excreted through the lungs and liver 10. Part of the DMSO is transformed to the volatile metabolite dimethyl sulfide, which gives a characteristic garlic- or oyster-like smell when excreted through the lungs 10. DMSO may induce histamine release, which can be the reason for adverse reactions such as flushing, dyspnoea, abdominal cramps, and cardiovascular reactions 11.\nTo our knowledge, no systematic reviews have been performed on the adverse reactions of DMSO. Our aim was therefore to provide an extensive overview of the suspected adverse reactions to DMSO in humans."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"31489176-7055497-30447772","span":{"begin":127,"end":128},"obj":"7055497"},{"id":"31489176-7055497-30447773","span":{"begin":272,"end":273},"obj":"7055497"},{"id":"31489176-1055563-30447774","span":{"begin":275,"end":276},"obj":"1055563"},{"id":"31489176-1055563-30447775","span":{"begin":390,"end":391},"obj":"1055563"},{"id":"31489176-3916302-30447776","span":{"begin":639,"end":640},"obj":"3916302"},{"id":"31489176-16799886-30447777","span":{"begin":642,"end":643},"obj":"16799886"},{"id":"31489176-6025521-30447778","span":{"begin":737,"end":739},"obj":"6025521"},{"id":"31489176-14329978-30447779","span":{"begin":741,"end":743},"obj":"14329978"},{"id":"31489176-13657132-30447780","span":{"begin":902,"end":904},"obj":"13657132"},{"id":"31489176-6025521-30447781","span":{"begin":1008,"end":1010},"obj":"6025521"},{"id":"31489176-6025521-30447782","span":{"begin":1179,"end":1181},"obj":"6025521"},{"id":"31489176-14329978-30447783","span":{"begin":1339,"end":1341},"obj":"14329978"}],"text":"Introduction\nThe first medical report on the use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a pharmacological agent was published in 1964 1. A year later, the use of DMSO in humans was terminated because experimental studies had shown refractive index changes to the lens of the eye 1, 2. Years later, DMSO was again approved for use in humans since this side effect was only proven in animal studies 2. DMSO has since been used for a variety of purposes, such as treatment of musculoskeletal and dermatological diseases, cryopreservation of stem cells, treatment of interstitial cystitis, treatment of increased intracranial pressure, and many more 3– 9.\nDMSO is a colourless liquid, which is rapidly absorbed when administered dermally or orally 10, 11. DMSO is used as a cryoprotectant because it decreases osmotic stress and cellular dehydration, and thereby enables stem cells to be stored for several years 12. DMSO is mostly excreted through the kidneys, but a small part is excreted through the lungs and liver 10. Part of the DMSO is transformed to the volatile metabolite dimethyl sulfide, which gives a characteristic garlic- or oyster-like smell when excreted through the lungs 10. DMSO may induce histamine release, which can be the reason for adverse reactions such as flushing, dyspnoea, abdominal cramps, and cardiovascular reactions 11.\nTo our knowledge, no systematic reviews have been performed on the adverse reactions of DMSO. Our aim was therefore to provide an extensive overview of the suspected adverse reactions to DMSO in humans."}