PMC:6537946 / 30742-32169 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/6537946","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"6537946","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/6537946","text":"Current developments in organ transplants: transplants incompatible with the ABO blood group\nThe ABO blood group-antigen system is based on carbohydrate epitopes present on different core saccharide chains that are bound to lipids (glycolipids) or to proteins (glycoproteins) and that form in early childhood. Because the ABO-antigen system is always present on the cell surface, it plays a central role in solid organ transplants due to its capacity to induce rejection [70]. Compatibility between the donor’s and the recipient’s ABO alloantigens has long been required, and an ABO-incompatible heart transplant was absolutely contradicted in adults. However, acceptable ABO-incompatible abdominal transplant outcomes—especially renal transplants [71]—in adult patients and advances in ABO-incompatible heart transplants in paediatric patients [72, 73] have led to discussions about the potential for adult ABO-incompatible heart transplants to expand the donor pool. In a recent registry study, Bergenfeldt et al. [74] demonstrated no difference in the incidence of deaths or retransplants between ABO-compatible and ABO-incompatible heart transplants in a transplant collective after 2005. However, ABO-incompatible transplants remain exceptional and are severely restricted to individual decisions due to non-standardized immunosuppression protocols, a high-risk rejection constellation and the unknown long-term 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