PMC:6403350 / 13976-16346
Annnotations
{"target":"http://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/6403350","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"6403350","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/6403350","text":"Light significantly reduced both the number of visits to the middle chamber (by 53%) and the number of crossings between end chambers (by 70%; Table 1). While light did not prevent rats from crossing into the opposing chamber (nine out of the ten rats crossed), rats significantly reduced their rate of movement when the chamber was illuminated (by 40%). Reducing movement may have also increased the duration of each visit to the illuminated chamber because rats took twice as long to end a given visit in light than in dark, a difference which approached significance (p = 0.07). A significant Sex x Treatment effect occurred for the total time spent in the middle chamber: males reduced the total time spent within the illuminated middle chamber (by 45 minutes; t = 2.44, p = 0.05) while the total times for females did not differ across treatments (t = 1.11, p = 0.34). Light did not influence the latency to enter the middle chamber or the latency to cross the middle chamber (Table 1).\nTable 1 Summary of PERMANOVA results (Euclidean distance) on univariate measures of ship rat movement behaviour for light and dark treatments with significant effects (p ≤ 0.05) indicated in bold.\nResponse variable Treatment Mean (±95% CI) Term df pseudo-F value p\nLatency to enter mid chamber (min) Light (n = 10) 33.2 (±16) Sex × Treatment 1 0.04 0.85\nDark (n = 9) 44.0 (±30) Sex 1 1.39 0.274\nTreatment 1 0.44 0.54\nMid chamber visits Light (n = 10) 101.0 (±37) Sex × Treatment 1 0.58 0.51\nDark (n = 9) 215.0 (±82) Sex 1 0.21 0.71\nTreatment 1 5.77 0.01*\nTime per visit to mid chamber (sec) Light (n = 10) 91.2 (±62) Sex × Treatment 1 1.03 0.39\nDark (n = 9) 33.8 (±8) Sex 1 0.64 0.55\nTreatment 1 2.90 0.07\nDuration within mid chamber (min) Light(♀ n = 5; ♂ n = 5) Female: 133.2 (±61)Male: 78.2 (±27) Sex × Treatment 1 4.49 0.04*\nDark(♀ n = 4; ♂ n = 5) Female: 91.2 (±31)Male: 121.8 (±23) Sex 1 0.36 0.61\nTreatment 1 \u003c0.01 0.97\nRate of movement (pixels per second) Light (n = 10) 41.4 (±7) Sex × Treatment 1 0.01 0.91\nDark (n = 9) 69.4 (±19) Sex 1 1.62 0.23\nTreatment 1 7.20 0.02*\nLatency to cross mid chamber (min) Light (n = 9) 166.2 (±122) Sex × Treatment 1 0.14 0.85\nDark (n = 9) 160.1 (±114) Sex 1 0.15 0.85\nTreatment 1 1.64 0.23\nMid chamber crossings Light (n = 10) 56.1 (±35) Sex × Treatment 1 0.40 0.59\nDark (n = 9) 169.8 (±77) Sex 1 0.17 0.73\nTreatment 1 6.98 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