PMC:6141714 / 93135-95535
Annnotations
MyTest
{"project":"MyTest","denotations":[{"id":"30254638-25090227-35421518","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1380},"obj":"25090227"},{"id":"30254638-26523849-35421518","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1380},"obj":"26523849"},{"id":"30254638-21732483-35421518","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1380},"obj":"21732483"},{"id":"30254638-28420434-35421519","span":{"begin":1386,"end":1389},"obj":"28420434"},{"id":"30254638-21898680-35421520","span":{"begin":1391,"end":1394},"obj":"21898680"},{"id":"30254638-23973922-35421521","span":{"begin":1396,"end":1399},"obj":"23973922"},{"id":"30254638-19136511-35421522","span":{"begin":1401,"end":1404},"obj":"19136511"},{"id":"30254638-19923445-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"19923445"},{"id":"30254638-26353774-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"26353774"},{"id":"30254638-25090227-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25090227"},{"id":"30254638-26523849-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"26523849"},{"id":"30254638-21732483-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"21732483"},{"id":"30254638-19135996-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"19135996"},{"id":"30254638-25475342-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25475342"},{"id":"30254638-28642759-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"28642759"},{"id":"30254638-28842625-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"28842625"},{"id":"30254638-28420434-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"28420434"},{"id":"30254638-21898680-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"21898680"},{"id":"30254638-22637701-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"22637701"},{"id":"30254638-25301186-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25301186"},{"id":"30254638-26397368-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"26397368"},{"id":"30254638-27059200-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"27059200"},{"id":"30254638-25394850-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25394850"},{"id":"30254638-25620445-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25620445"},{"id":"30254638-20921206-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"20921206"},{"id":"30254638-23973922-35421524","span":{"begin":1449,"end":1452},"obj":"23973922"},{"id":"30254638-19136511-35421525","span":{"begin":1454,"end":1457},"obj":"19136511"},{"id":"30254638-19923445-35421526","span":{"begin":1578,"end":1580},"obj":"19923445"},{"id":"30254638-26353774-35421527","span":{"begin":1582,"end":1585},"obj":"26353774"},{"id":"30254638-25090227-35421528","span":{"begin":1587,"end":1590},"obj":"25090227"},{"id":"30254638-26523849-35421529","span":{"begin":1592,"end":1595},"obj":"26523849"},{"id":"30254638-21732483-35421530","span":{"begin":1597,"end":1600},"obj":"21732483"},{"id":"30254638-19135996-35421531","span":{"begin":1602,"end":1605},"obj":"19135996"},{"id":"30254638-28642759-35421532","span":{"begin":1607,"end":1610},"obj":"28642759"},{"id":"30254638-28842625-35421533","span":{"begin":1612,"end":1615},"obj":"28842625"},{"id":"30254638-28420434-35421534","span":{"begin":1617,"end":1620},"obj":"28420434"},{"id":"30254638-21898680-35421535","span":{"begin":1622,"end":1625},"obj":"21898680"},{"id":"30254638-22637701-35421536","span":{"begin":1627,"end":1630},"obj":"22637701"},{"id":"30254638-26397368-35421537","span":{"begin":1632,"end":1635},"obj":"26397368"},{"id":"30254638-25394850-35421538","span":{"begin":1637,"end":1640},"obj":"25394850"},{"id":"30254638-25620445-35421539","span":{"begin":1642,"end":1645},"obj":"25620445"},{"id":"30254638-23973922-35421540","span":{"begin":1647,"end":1650},"obj":"23973922"},{"id":"30254638-19136511-35421541","span":{"begin":1652,"end":1655},"obj":"19136511"},{"id":"30254638-28642759-35421542","span":{"begin":1718,"end":1721},"obj":"28642759"},{"id":"30254638-26397368-35421543","span":{"begin":2126,"end":2129},"obj":"26397368"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/testbase"},{"prefix":"UniProtKB","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/"},{"prefix":"uniprot","uri":"https://www.uniprot.org/uniprotkb/"}],"text":"Among the animal studies, the cumulative survival rate, the percentage of body weight change, the disease activity index score, the histological damage score, the macroscopic damage score, the change in colon weight, the change in colon length, the change in colon weight-to-length ratio and the intra-colon myeloperoxidase activity were the outcomes used by most studies selected in this systematic review to assess the potential of hMSCs administration for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. In both the two human clinical trials selected, the change in the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) score was chosen as the primary endpoint that was used to assess the disease activity in Crohn's disease and to evaluate both the induction of response and the maintenance of response following hMSCs administration. However, the CDAI score is composed of some variables that are subjective and therefore vulnerable to observation bias. We therefore propose that the CDAI score should be used in combination with other endpoints that are less susceptible to bias such as the endoscopic disease activity score and the histologic disease activity score in order to correctly assess the effectiveness of hMSCs administration for the treatment of Crohn's disease in clinical trials. Treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases with hMSCs resulted in an increase in the survival rates (101–103, 108, 109, 155, 156) and in a decrease in the severity (99–117, 155, 156) of the disease, as described by many of the articles selected. Furthermore, a reduction in the pathology of the colon (99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 112, 114, 115, 155, 156) and a recovery in the destruction of the epithelial barrier (106) was also frequently observed. This reduction in the pathology of the colon was further confirmed in a study conducted by Arturo et al. (117), in which a decrease in the levels of both anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies and antinuclear autoantibodies in Crohn's disease patients treated with hMSCs was observed 1 year after the beginning of the treatment. Additionally, a study by Robinson et al. (112) demonstrated that the administration of hMSCs reduced the damage to nerve processes in the colonic wall, protected against myenteric neuronal loss and prevented changes in neuronal subpopulations in a guinea-pig model of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene-sulfonate-induced colitis."}
2_test
{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"30254638-25090227-35421518","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1380},"obj":"25090227"},{"id":"30254638-26523849-35421518","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1380},"obj":"26523849"},{"id":"30254638-21732483-35421518","span":{"begin":1377,"end":1380},"obj":"21732483"},{"id":"30254638-28420434-35421519","span":{"begin":1386,"end":1389},"obj":"28420434"},{"id":"30254638-21898680-35421520","span":{"begin":1391,"end":1394},"obj":"21898680"},{"id":"30254638-23973922-35421521","span":{"begin":1396,"end":1399},"obj":"23973922"},{"id":"30254638-19136511-35421522","span":{"begin":1401,"end":1404},"obj":"19136511"},{"id":"30254638-19923445-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"19923445"},{"id":"30254638-26353774-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"26353774"},{"id":"30254638-25090227-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25090227"},{"id":"30254638-26523849-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"26523849"},{"id":"30254638-21732483-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"21732483"},{"id":"30254638-19135996-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"19135996"},{"id":"30254638-25475342-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25475342"},{"id":"30254638-28642759-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"28642759"},{"id":"30254638-28842625-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"28842625"},{"id":"30254638-28420434-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"28420434"},{"id":"30254638-21898680-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"21898680"},{"id":"30254638-22637701-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"22637701"},{"id":"30254638-25301186-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25301186"},{"id":"30254638-26397368-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"26397368"},{"id":"30254638-27059200-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"27059200"},{"id":"30254638-25394850-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25394850"},{"id":"30254638-25620445-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"25620445"},{"id":"30254638-20921206-35421523","span":{"begin":1441,"end":1443},"obj":"20921206"},{"id":"30254638-23973922-35421524","span":{"begin":1449,"end":1452},"obj":"23973922"},{"id":"30254638-19136511-35421525","span":{"begin":1454,"end":1457},"obj":"19136511"},{"id":"30254638-19923445-35421526","span":{"begin":1578,"end":1580},"obj":"19923445"},{"id":"30254638-26353774-35421527","span":{"begin":1582,"end":1585},"obj":"26353774"},{"id":"30254638-25090227-35421528","span":{"begin":1587,"end":1590},"obj":"25090227"},{"id":"30254638-26523849-35421529","span":{"begin":1592,"end":1595},"obj":"26523849"},{"id":"30254638-21732483-35421530","span":{"begin":1597,"end":1600},"obj":"21732483"},{"id":"30254638-19135996-35421531","span":{"begin":1602,"end":1605},"obj":"19135996"},{"id":"30254638-28642759-35421532","span":{"begin":1607,"end":1610},"obj":"28642759"},{"id":"30254638-28842625-35421533","span":{"begin":1612,"end":1615},"obj":"28842625"},{"id":"30254638-28420434-35421534","span":{"begin":1617,"end":1620},"obj":"28420434"},{"id":"30254638-21898680-35421535","span":{"begin":1622,"end":1625},"obj":"21898680"},{"id":"30254638-22637701-35421536","span":{"begin":1627,"end":1630},"obj":"22637701"},{"id":"30254638-26397368-35421537","span":{"begin":1632,"end":1635},"obj":"26397368"},{"id":"30254638-25394850-35421538","span":{"begin":1637,"end":1640},"obj":"25394850"},{"id":"30254638-25620445-35421539","span":{"begin":1642,"end":1645},"obj":"25620445"},{"id":"30254638-23973922-35421540","span":{"begin":1647,"end":1650},"obj":"23973922"},{"id":"30254638-19136511-35421541","span":{"begin":1652,"end":1655},"obj":"19136511"},{"id":"30254638-28642759-35421542","span":{"begin":1718,"end":1721},"obj":"28642759"},{"id":"30254638-26397368-35421543","span":{"begin":2126,"end":2129},"obj":"26397368"}],"text":"Among the animal studies, the cumulative survival rate, the percentage of body weight change, the disease activity index score, the histological damage score, the macroscopic damage score, the change in colon weight, the change in colon length, the change in colon weight-to-length ratio and the intra-colon myeloperoxidase activity were the outcomes used by most studies selected in this systematic review to assess the potential of hMSCs administration for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. In both the two human clinical trials selected, the change in the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) score was chosen as the primary endpoint that was used to assess the disease activity in Crohn's disease and to evaluate both the induction of response and the maintenance of response following hMSCs administration. However, the CDAI score is composed of some variables that are subjective and therefore vulnerable to observation bias. We therefore propose that the CDAI score should be used in combination with other endpoints that are less susceptible to bias such as the endoscopic disease activity score and the histologic disease activity score in order to correctly assess the effectiveness of hMSCs administration for the treatment of Crohn's disease in clinical trials. Treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases with hMSCs resulted in an increase in the survival rates (101–103, 108, 109, 155, 156) and in a decrease in the severity (99–117, 155, 156) of the disease, as described by many of the articles selected. Furthermore, a reduction in the pathology of the colon (99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 112, 114, 115, 155, 156) and a recovery in the destruction of the epithelial barrier (106) was also frequently observed. This reduction in the pathology of the colon was further confirmed in a study conducted by Arturo et al. (117), in which a decrease in the levels of both anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies and antinuclear autoantibodies in Crohn's disease patients treated with hMSCs was observed 1 year after the beginning of the treatment. Additionally, a study by Robinson et al. (112) demonstrated that the administration of hMSCs reduced the damage to nerve processes in the colonic wall, protected against myenteric neuronal loss and prevented changes in neuronal subpopulations in a guinea-pig model of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene-sulfonate-induced colitis."}