PMC:5664696 / 1285-3385 JSONTXT

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"28991186-19758453-49741654","span":{"begin":536,"end":537},"obj":"19758453"},{"id":"28991186-22527759-49741655","span":{"begin":540,"end":541},"obj":"22527759"},{"id":"28991186-28448935-49741656","span":{"begin":542,"end":543},"obj":"28448935"},{"id":"28991186-23128031-49741657","span":{"begin":544,"end":545},"obj":"23128031"},{"id":"28991186-21975970-49741658","span":{"begin":546,"end":547},"obj":"21975970"},{"id":"28991186-22613089-49741659","span":{"begin":725,"end":726},"obj":"22613089"},{"id":"28991186-26857295-49741660","span":{"begin":803,"end":804},"obj":"26857295"},{"id":"28991186-3300734-49741661","span":{"begin":893,"end":894},"obj":"3300734"},{"id":"28991186-11846167-49741662","span":{"begin":898,"end":900},"obj":"11846167"},{"id":"28991186-12438303-49741663","span":{"begin":1068,"end":1070},"obj":"12438303"},{"id":"28991186-10576293-49741664","span":{"begin":1071,"end":1073},"obj":"10576293"},{"id":"28991186-21109311-49741665","span":{"begin":1392,"end":1394},"obj":"21109311"},{"id":"28991186-24768912-49741666","span":{"begin":1412,"end":1414},"obj":"24768912"},{"id":"28991186-23625695-49741667","span":{"begin":1442,"end":1444},"obj":"23625695"},{"id":"28991186-21109311-49741668","span":{"begin":1593,"end":1595},"obj":"21109311"},{"id":"28991186-24768912-49741669","span":{"begin":1643,"end":1645},"obj":"24768912"},{"id":"28991186-23625695-49741670","span":{"begin":1753,"end":1755},"obj":"23625695"},{"id":"T93335","span":{"begin":536,"end":537},"obj":"19758453"},{"id":"T18242","span":{"begin":540,"end":541},"obj":"22527759"},{"id":"T45735","span":{"begin":542,"end":543},"obj":"28448935"},{"id":"T74626","span":{"begin":544,"end":545},"obj":"23128031"},{"id":"T88465","span":{"begin":546,"end":547},"obj":"21975970"},{"id":"T48577","span":{"begin":725,"end":726},"obj":"22613089"},{"id":"T81999","span":{"begin":803,"end":804},"obj":"26857295"},{"id":"T6573","span":{"begin":893,"end":894},"obj":"3300734"},{"id":"T59380","span":{"begin":898,"end":900},"obj":"11846167"},{"id":"T36177","span":{"begin":1068,"end":1070},"obj":"12438303"},{"id":"T90499","span":{"begin":1071,"end":1073},"obj":"10576293"},{"id":"T74431","span":{"begin":1392,"end":1394},"obj":"21109311"},{"id":"T90637","span":{"begin":1412,"end":1414},"obj":"24768912"},{"id":"T81291","span":{"begin":1442,"end":1444},"obj":"23625695"},{"id":"T46115","span":{"begin":1593,"end":1595},"obj":"21109311"},{"id":"T62111","span":{"begin":1643,"end":1645},"obj":"24768912"},{"id":"T94926","span":{"begin":1753,"end":1755},"obj":"23625695"}],"text":"1. Introduction\nAlong with individual lifestyle factors like psychology, sports, diet, et cetera, human health and longevity are directly influenced by the local environment and dietary nutrition. Environmental factors include climate (temperature, precipitation, humidity, etc.), and chemical and physical contaminants of the air, soil and water. Nutritional factors include major and trace dietary elements, vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, and so forth. In the elderly, extreme temperatures have a significant impact on mortality [1,2,3,4,5,6], and exposure, or lack of exposure, to the climatic change often prompts long-term effects of harsh winters can contribute to differences in mortality among these individuals [7]. Hypoxia induced by living at higher altitudes affects health and disease [8]. As for nutrition, areas with low selenium (Se) soil content exhibit endemic diseases [9,10,11]. Omega-3 fatty acids are considered anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombosis, and anti-arrhythmic. They can reduce blood lipids, relax the vasculature, and prevent cancer [12,13].\nThese environmental and nutritional factors relate to disease, human health protection, and longevity. Environment factors vary greatly across the earth’s surface, and the amounts of trace elements and other nutritional factors are unequally distributed throughout the water and soil. Past studies examined climate [14], air pollution [15], and soil trace elements [16] and their relationship to longevity in China. Study findings revealed that, in South China, favorable climate has beneficial effects on longevity [14]; and air pollution can alter life expectancy [15]; moreover, the Se soil content has a significant, positive correlation with the longevity index in China [16]. Determining longevity is a complex process, and each factor necessitates comprehensive study. Additionally, past studies were conducted at the province level and data obtained on this large a scale tend to be less accurate. In this study, we considered environmental, nutritional, and their influences on longevity in China at the city level."}