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PMC:539061 / 33902-45472 JSONTXT

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craft-ca-core-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T6799 12-25 _FRAGMENT denotes Regulation of
T6800 32-47 GO:0010468 denotes Gene Expression
T6801 26-31 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6802 32-36 SO:0000704 denotes Gene
T6803 77-83 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6804 112-116 UBERON:0001037 denotes Hair
T6805 143-148 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6806 154-164 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6807 172-176 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6808 227-237 GO:0065007 denotes regulating
T6809 242-247 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6810 248-252 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T6811 267-280 GO:0005576 denotes extracellular
T6812 330-340 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6813 354-359 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6814 410-414 PR:000000034 denotes BMPs
T6815 426-432 PR:000000046 denotes TGF-βs
T6816 446-450 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6817 484-489 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6818 497-506 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6819 524-537 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6820 543-550 GO:0046903 denotes secrete
T6821 558-562 PR:000000034 denotes BMPs
T6822 617-620 _FRAGMENT denotes Wnt
T6823 631-640 GO:0016055 denotes signaling
T6824 625-630 PR:000000046 denotes TGF-β
T6825 625-640 GO:0007179 denotes TGF-β signaling
T6826 671-676 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6827 761-767 PR:000017443 denotes Wnt-3a
T6828 787-800 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6829 847-850 PR:000000034 denotes BMP
T6830 851-860 CHEBI:35222 denotes inhibitor
T6831 861-867 PR:000000021 denotes noggin
T6832 883-888 PR:000009751 denotes LEF-1
T6833 889-899 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6834 951-961 PR:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T6835 962-970 SO:0000167 denotes promoter
T6836 985-990 PR:000009751 denotes LEF-1
T6837 991-1000 PR:000002198 denotes β-catenin
T6838 1020-1024 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T6839 1053-1058 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6840 1059-1069 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6841 1162-1168 PR:000000021 denotes noggin
T6842 1172-1185 UBERON:0002073 denotes hair follicle
T6843 1278-1287 GO:0065007 denotes governing
T6844 1288-1293 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6845 1294-1304 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6846 1308-1321 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6847 3434-3440 PR:000000182 denotes TGF-β1
T6848 3466-3471 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6849 3490-3501 CL:0000182 denotes hepatocytes
T6850 3506-3511 UBERON:0000948 denotes heart
T6851 3525-3538 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6852 3549-3555 PR:000000182 denotes TGF-β1
T6853 3565-3577 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocyte
T6854 3661-3674 UBERON:0002073 denotes hair follicle
T6855 3740-3745 PR:000000046 denotes TGF-β
T6856 3746-3751 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T6857 3762-3768 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6858 3816-3820 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6859 3880-3886 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6860 3908-3918 GO:0065007 denotes regulating
T6861 3919-3924 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6862 3925-3935 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6863 3939-3952 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6864 3971-3985 _FRAGMENT denotes basal layer of
T6865 3990-3999 UBERON:0002025 denotes epidermis
T6866 4094-4107 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6867 4199-4209 UBERON:0000483 denotes epithelial
T6868 4199-4215 CL:0000066 denotes epithelial cells
T6869 4269-4282 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6870 4312-4318 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6871 4361-4366 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6872 4406-4411 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6873 4510-4515 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6874 4601-4607 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6875 4707-4712 PR:000000046 denotes TGF-β
T6876 4853-4861 CHEBI:35224 denotes effector
T6877 4862-4867 PR:000000364 denotes SMAD2
T6878 4869-4874 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6879 4875-4885 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6880 4938-4943 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6881 4944-4954 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6882 4986-4991 PR:000000364 denotes SMAD2
T6883 5093-5098 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6884 5099-5109 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6885 5160-5165 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6886 5166-5174 SO:0000167 denotes promoter
T6887 5187-5200 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6888 5223-5229 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6889 5295-5304 SO:0000902 denotes transgene
T6890 5352-5359 GO:0065007 denotes control
T6891 5387-5395 SO:0000167 denotes promoter
T6892 5425-5454 SO:0000315 denotes transcription initiation site
T6893 5450-5457 _FRAGMENT denotes site of
T6894 5474-5478 SO:0000842 denotes gene
T6895 5462-5467 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T6896 5468-5473 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6897 5503-5515 GO:0009294 denotes transfection
T6898 5517-5530 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6899 5549-5555 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6900 5585-5594 SO:0000902 denotes transgene
T6901 5655-5660 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6902 5755-5761 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6903 5773-5778 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6904 5779-5787 SO:0000167 denotes promoter
T6905 5911-5916 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6906 5917-5925 SO:0000167 denotes promoter
T6907 5993-6006 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6908 6024-6029 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6909 6030-6038 SO:0000167 denotes promoter
T6910 6086-6091 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6911 6172-6178 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6912 6241-6247 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6913 6290-6305 SO:0000409 denotes binding element
T6914 6339-6344 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6915 6345-6369 SO:0000315 denotes transcription start site
T6916 6431-6444 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6917 6446-6452 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6918 6521-6526 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6919 6527-6531 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T6920 6557-6562 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6921 6603-6611 SO:0000167 denotes promoter
T6922 6637-6642 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6923 6643-6647 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T6924 6673-6679 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6925 6697-6710 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T6926 6748-6753 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6927 6792-6805 UBERON:0002073 denotes hair follicle
T6928 6792-6819 GO:0031069 denotes hair follicle morphogenesis
T6929 6823-6832 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T6930 6833-6838 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T6931 6861-6867 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6932 6890-6895 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6933 6909-6913 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6934 6963-6969 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6935 6974-6983 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6936 7001-7005 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6937 7063-7069 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6938 7070-7078 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T6939 7098-7102 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6940 7215-7219 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6941 7237-7243 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6942 7302-7310 CHEBI:35224 denotes effector
T6943 7314-7320 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6944 7349-7358 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T6945 7374-7380 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6946 7387-7391 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6947 7464-7470 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6948 7471-7478 SO:0001060 denotes isoform
T6949 7487-7497 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6950 7506-7512 PR:000000182 denotes TGF-β1
T6951 7517-7523 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6952 7538-7542 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6953 8607-8612 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6954 8617-8623 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6955 8651-8656 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6956 8657-8667 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6957 8671-8677 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6958 8683-8687 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6959 8729-8734 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6960 8773-8779 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6961 8785-8792 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T6962 8918-8923 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6963 8953-8959 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6964 8965-8969 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6965 9040-9044 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6966 9106-9109 PR:000009454 denotes K14
T6967 9110-9115 PR:000000364 denotes Smad2
T6968 9119-9123 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T6969 9148-9153 PR:000000046 denotes TGF-β
T6970 9148-9163 GO:0007179 denotes TGF-β signaling
T6971 9178-9183 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6972 9269-9274 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T6973 9356-9362 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6974 9402-9407 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6975 9408-9412 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T6976 9408-9423 GO:0010467 denotes gene expression
T6977 9466-9470 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6978 9520-9525 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6979 9595-9599 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6980 9621-9627 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6981 9730-9736 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6982 9776-9786 UBERON:0000483 denotes epithelial
T6983 9844-9857 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T6984 9941-9947 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6985 9996-10006 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T6986 10015-10026 PR:000009140 denotes β4 integrin
T6987 10053-10065 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocyte
T6988 10146-10152 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6989 10212-10225 GO:0008283 denotes proliferation
T6990 10256-10260 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T6991 10285-10289 PR:000010425 denotes Ki67
T6992 10347-10353 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T6993 10365-10370 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6994 10371-10381 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6995 10457-10467 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T6996 10471-10476 SO:0000704 denotes genes
T6997 10509-10514 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6998 10541-10546 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T6999 10574-10584 PR:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T7000 10585-10589 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T7001 10629-10639 PR:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T7002 10643-10649 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7003 10684-10688 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7004 10697-10703 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7005 10856-10869 GO:0005576 denotes extracellular
T7006 10886-10892 PR:000000021 denotes noggin
T7007 10914-10927 _FRAGMENT denotes generation of
T7008 10960-10967 GO:0065003 denotes complex
T7009 10930-10935 PR:000009751 denotes LEF-1
T7010 10936-10945 PR:000002198 denotes β-catenin
T7011 10960-10967 GO:0032991 denotes complex
T7012 10979-10989 PR:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T7013 11020-11024 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7014 11087-11093 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7015 11114-11121 GO:0005634 denotes nuclear
T7016 11122-11127 PR:000009751 denotes LEF-1
T7017 11132-11141 PR:000002198 denotes β-catenin
T7018 11171-11174 _FRAGMENT denotes Wnt
T7019 11182-11199 GO:0016055 denotes signaling pathway
T7020 11175-11181 PR:000000021 denotes noggin
T7021 11243-11256 UBERON:0002073 denotes hair follicle
T7022 11243-11270 GO:0031069 denotes hair follicle morphogenesis
T7023 11272-11278 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7024 11309-11315 PR:000000021 denotes noggin
T7025 11342-11346 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7026 11385-11390 PR:000015308 denotes Snail
T7027 11391-11395 SO:0000704 denotes gene
T7028 11391-11406 GO:0010467 denotes gene expression
T7029 11408-11414 PR:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7030 11486-11496 PR:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
R4159 T6800 T6799 _lexicallyChainedTo Gene Expression,Regulation of
R4160 T6823 T6822 _lexicallyChainedTo signaling,Wnt
R4161 T6865 T6864 _lexicallyChainedTo epidermis,basal layer of
R4162 T6894 T6893 _lexicallyChainedTo gene,site of
R4163 T7008 T7007 _lexicallyChainedTo complex,generation of
R4164 T7019 T7018 _lexicallyChainedTo signaling pathway,Wnt

2_test

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
15630473-11841536-84810277 468-469 11841536 denotes 2
15630473-11994736-84810278 470-472 11994736 denotes 16
15630473-7626420-84810279 473-475 7626420 denotes 28
15630473-12646922-84810280 901-902 12646922 denotes 4
15630473-12646922-84810281 1036-1037 12646922 denotes 4
15630473-12646922-84810282 1201-1202 12646922 denotes 4
15630473-10559902-84810283 1203-1205 10559902 denotes 29
15630473-11371349-84810284 1206-1208 11371349 denotes 30
15630473-12646922-84810285 1742-1743 12646922 denotes 4
15630473-12665527-84810286 3513-3515 12665527 denotes 15
15630473-11017879-84810287 3517-3519 11017879 denotes 31
15630473-10433821-84810288 3676-3678 10433821 denotes 32
15630473-10433821-84810289 3832-3834 10433821 denotes 32
15630473-1955457-84810290 7050-7052 1955457 denotes 33
15630473-9217007-84810291 7271-7273 9217007 denotes 34
15630473-1955457-84810292 7847-7849 1955457 denotes 33
15630473-11456453-84810293 8230-8232 11456453 denotes 35
15630473-11456453-84810294 9173-9175 11456453 denotes 35
15630473-12665527-84810295 9576-9578 12665527 denotes 15
15630473-10433821-84810296 9686-9688 10433821 denotes 32
15630473-10655587-84810297 10591-10593 10655587 denotes 12
15630473-10655586-84810298 10594-10596 10655586 denotes 13
T39921 468-469 11841536 denotes 2
T6199 470-472 11994736 denotes 16
T84568 473-475 7626420 denotes 28
T5343 901-902 12646922 denotes 4
T23589 1036-1037 12646922 denotes 4
T72158 1201-1202 12646922 denotes 4
T26019 1203-1205 10559902 denotes 29
T73597 1206-1208 11371349 denotes 30
T81547 1742-1743 12646922 denotes 4
T97701 3513-3515 12665527 denotes 15
T28640 3517-3519 11017879 denotes 31
T33595 3676-3678 10433821 denotes 32
T50094 3832-3834 10433821 denotes 32
T16047 7050-7052 1955457 denotes 33
T66515 7271-7273 9217007 denotes 34
T63420 7847-7849 1955457 denotes 33
T83640 8230-8232 11456453 denotes 35
T29049 9173-9175 11456453 denotes 35
T92403 9576-9578 12665527 denotes 15
T88967 9686-9688 10433821 denotes 32
T40416 10591-10593 10655587 denotes 12
T34163 10594-10596 10655586 denotes 13

craft-ca-core-ex-dev

Below, discontinuous spans are shown in the chain model. You can change it to the bag model.

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T7031 12-25 _FRAGMENT denotes Regulation of
T7032 32-47 GO:0010468 denotes Gene Expression
T7033 26-31 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7034 32-36 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes Gene
T7035 77-83 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7036 84-93 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes Signaling
T7037 112-116 UBERON:0001037 denotes Hair
T7038 143-148 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7039 149-153 CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA denotes mRNA
T7040 154-164 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7041 172-176 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7043 242-247 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7044 248-252 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T7045 267-280 GO:0005576 denotes extracellular
T7046 272-280 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T7047 311-315 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7048 330-340 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7049 354-359 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7050 410-414 PR_EXT:000000034 denotes BMPs
T7051 426-432 PR_EXT:000000046 denotes TGF-βs
T7052 446-450 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7053 484-489 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7054 497-506 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7055 519-523 UBERON_EXT:zone_of_skin_or_skin_of_body denotes skin
T7056 524-537 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7057 543-550 GO:0046903 denotes secrete
T7058 558-562 PR_EXT:000000034 denotes BMPs
T7059 617-620 _FRAGMENT denotes Wnt
T7060 631-640 GO:0016055 denotes signaling
T7061 625-630 PR_EXT:000000046 denotes TGF-β
T7062 625-640 GO:0007179 denotes TGF-β signaling
T7063 671-676 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7064 695-699 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7065 743-758 _FRAGMENT denotes transmission of
T7066 768-774 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signal
T7067 761-767 PR_EXT:000017443 denotes Wnt-3a
T7068 787-800 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7069 847-850 PR_EXT:000000034 denotes BMP
T7070 851-860 CHEBI_EXT:35222 denotes inhibitor
T7071 861-867 PR_EXT:000000021 denotes noggin
T7072 883-888 PR_EXT:000009751 denotes LEF-1
T7073 889-899 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7074 932-946 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulated
T7075 951-961 PR_EXT:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T7076 962-970 SO_EXT:0000167 denotes promoter
T7077 985-990 PR_EXT:000009751 denotes LEF-1
T7078 991-1000 PR_EXT:000002198 denotes β-catenin
T7079 1020-1024 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T7080 1053-1058 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7081 1059-1069 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7082 1162-1168 PR_EXT:000000021 denotes noggin
T7083 1172-1185 UBERON:0002073 denotes hair follicle
T7084 1278-1287 GO:0065007 denotes governing
T7085 1288-1293 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7086 1294-1304 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7087 1308-1321 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7088 3434-3440 PR_EXT:000000182 denotes TGF-β1
T7089 3466-3471 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7090 3490-3501 CL:0000182 denotes hepatocytes
T7091 3506-3511 UBERON:0000948 denotes heart
T7092 3525-3538 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7093 3549-3555 PR_EXT:000000182 denotes TGF-β1
T7094 3565-3577 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocyte
T7095 3578-3584 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T7096 3661-3674 UBERON:0002073 denotes hair follicle
T7097 3705-3714 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutations
T7098 3740-3745 PR_EXT:000000046 denotes TGF-β
T7099 3746-3751 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T7100 3762-3768 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7101 3769-3773 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7102 3788-3796 UBERON_EXT:follicle denotes follicle
T7103 3816-3820 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7104 3880-3886 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7105 3908-3918 GO:0065007 denotes regulating
T7106 3919-3924 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7107 3925-3935 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7108 3939-3952 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7109 3971-3985 _FRAGMENT denotes basal layer of
T7110 3990-3999 UBERON:0002025 denotes epidermis
T7111 4020-4024 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cell
T7112 4072-4080 UBERON_EXT:placode denotes placodal
T7113 4081-4086 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7114 4094-4107 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7115 4187-4195 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_behavior denotes behavior
T7116 4199-4209 UBERON:0000483 denotes epithelial
T7117 4199-4215 CL:0000066 denotes epithelial cells
T7118 4210-4215 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cells
T7119 4223-4230 UBERON_EXT:placode denotes placode
T7120 4269-4282 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7121 4312-4318 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7122 4361-4366 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7123 4406-4411 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7124 4412-4419 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7125 4510-4515 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7126 4567-4573 GO_EXT:biological_growth_entity_or_process denotes growth
T7127 4567-4580 GO_EXT:0008083 denotes growth factor
T7128 4601-4607 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7129 4645-4653 GO_EXT:reaction_or_response denotes response
T7130 4707-4712 PR_EXT:000000046 denotes TGF-β
T7131 4707-4721 GO_EXT:0005024 denotes TGF-β receptor
T7132 4819-4834 GO_PATO_EXT:phosphorylation_process denotes phosphorylation
T7133 4853-4861 CHEBI_EXT:35224 denotes effector
T7134 4862-4867 PR_EXT:000000364 denotes SMAD2
T7135 4869-4874 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7136 4875-4885 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7137 4938-4943 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7138 4944-4954 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7139 4971-4985 GO_PATO_EXT:phosphorylation_process_or_quality denotes phosphorylated
T7140 4986-4991 PR_EXT:000000364 denotes SMAD2
T7141 5093-5098 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7142 5099-5109 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7143 5132-5136 CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA denotes mRNA
T7144 5160-5165 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7145 5166-5174 SO_EXT:0000167 denotes promoter
T7146 5187-5200 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7147 5223-5229 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7148 5230-5239 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7149 5295-5304 SO_EXT:0000902 denotes transgene
T7150 5317-5332 GO_EXT:0004565 denotes β-galactosidase
T7151 5352-5359 GO:0065007 denotes control
T7152 5382-5383 CHEBI_SO_EXT:base denotes b
T7153 5387-5395 SO_EXT:0000167 denotes promoter
T7154 5396-5404 SO_EXT:biological_sequence denotes sequence
T7155 5413-5415 SO_EXT:sequence_upstreamness denotes 5′
T7156 5425-5438 GO_EXT:transcription denotes transcription
T7157 5425-5454 SO_EXT:0000315 denotes transcription initiation site
T7158 5450-5457 _FRAGMENT denotes site of
T7159 5474-5478 SO_EXT:0000842 denotes gene
T7160 5462-5467 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T7161 5468-5473 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7162 5503-5515 GO:0009294 denotes transfection
T7163 5517-5530 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7164 5549-5555 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7165 5585-5594 SO_EXT:0000902 denotes transgene
T7166 5655-5660 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7167 5661-5668 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7168 5755-5761 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7169 5773-5778 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7170 5779-5787 SO_EXT:0000167 denotes promoter
T7171 5911-5916 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7172 5917-5925 SO_EXT:0000167 denotes promoter
T7173 5993-6006 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7174 6024-6029 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7175 6030-6038 SO_EXT:0000167 denotes promoter
T7176 6086-6091 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7177 6092-6099 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7178 6172-6178 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7179 6241-6247 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7180 6248-6255 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7181 6262-6270 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutation
T7182 6285-6289 GO_PR_EXT:SMAD denotes SMAD
T7183 6290-6297 CHEMINF_GO_EXT:chemical_binding_or_bond_formation denotes binding
T7184 6290-6305 SO_EXT:0000409 denotes binding element
T7185 6325-6326 CHEBI_SO_EXT:base denotes b
T7186 6327-6329 SO_EXT:sequence_upstreamness denotes 5′
T7187 6339-6344 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7188 6345-6358 GO_EXT:transcription denotes transcription
T7189 6345-6369 SO_EXT:0000315 denotes transcription start site
T7190 6431-6444 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7191 6446-6452 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7192 6453-6462 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7193 6521-6526 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7194 6527-6531 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T7195 6557-6562 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7196 6563-6570 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7197 6603-6611 SO_EXT:0000167 denotes promoter
T7198 6637-6642 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7199 6643-6647 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T7200 6652-6659 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7201 6673-6679 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7202 6697-6710 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocytes
T7203 6748-6753 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7204 6754-6758 CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA denotes mRNA
T7205 6763-6770 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7206 6792-6805 UBERON:0002073 denotes hair follicle
T7207 6792-6819 GO:0031069 denotes hair follicle morphogenesis
T7208 6823-6832 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryonic
T7209 6833-6838 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mouse
T7210 6839-6843 UBERON_EXT:zone_of_skin_or_skin_of_body denotes skin
T7211 6861-6867 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7212 6890-6895 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7213 6909-6913 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7214 6963-6969 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7215 6974-6983 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7216 7001-7005 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7217 7063-7069 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7218 7070-7078 GO:0042571 denotes antibody
T7219 7079-7086 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_label_or_mark_or_tag_process denotes labeled
T7220 7098-7102 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7221 7126-7134 CHEBI_SO_EXT:molecular_label_or_mark_or_tag_process denotes labeling
T7222 7196-7204 UBERON_EXT:follicle denotes follicle
T7223 7215-7219 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T7224 7237-7243 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7225 7244-7248 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7226 7249-7257 SO_EXT:sequence_alteration_entity_or_process denotes mutation
T7227 7302-7310 CHEBI_EXT:35224 denotes effector
T7228 7314-7320 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7229 7321-7330 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7230 7349-7358 GO:0010467 denotes expressed
T7231 7362-7364 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes WT
T7232 7374-7380 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7233 7381-7385 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7234 7387-7391 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7235 7464-7470 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7236 7471-7478 SO_EXT:0001060 denotes isoform
T7237 7487-7497 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7238 7506-7512 PR_EXT:000000182 denotes TGF-β1
T7239 7517-7523 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7240 7538-7542 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7241 8607-8612 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7242 8617-8623 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7243 8651-8656 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7244 8657-8667 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7245 8671-8677 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7246 8678-8682 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7247 8683-8687 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7248 8729-8734 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7249 8735-8742 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7250 8765-8769 UBERON_EXT:zone_of_skin_or_skin_of_body denotes skin
T7251 8773-8779 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7252 8780-8784 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7253 8785-8792 UBERON:0000922 denotes embryos
T7254 8889-8904 GO_EXT:transcription denotes transcriptional
T7255 8918-8923 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7256 8924-8929 CHEBI_SO_EXT:mRNA denotes mRNAs
T7257 8953-8959 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7258 8960-8964 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7259 8965-8969 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7260 9040-9044 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7261 9064-9068 UBERON_EXT:zone_of_skin_or_skin_of_body denotes skin
T7262 9106-9109 PR_EXT:000009454 denotes K14
T7263 9110-9115 PR_EXT:000000364 denotes Smad2
T7264 9116-9118 SO_EXT:transgenic_entity denotes Tg
T7265 9119-9123 NCBITaxon:10088 denotes mice
T7266 9148-9153 PR_EXT:000000046 denotes TGF-β
T7267 9148-9163 GO:0007179 denotes TGF-β signaling
T7268 9167-9171 UBERON_EXT:zone_of_skin_or_skin_of_body denotes skin
T7269 9178-9183 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7270 9184-9191 CHEBI_PR_EXT:protein denotes protein
T7271 9269-9274 GO:0007567 denotes natal
T7272 9275-9279 UBERON_EXT:zone_of_skin_or_skin_of_body denotes skin
T7273 9356-9362 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7274 9402-9407 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7275 9408-9412 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T7276 9408-9423 GO:0010467 denotes gene expression
T7277 9466-9470 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7278 9520-9525 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7279 9595-9599 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7280 9621-9627 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7281 9628-9632 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7282 9633-9637 UBERON_EXT:zone_of_skin_or_skin_of_body denotes skin
T7283 9730-9736 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7284 9737-9746 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7285 9776-9786 UBERON:0000483 denotes epithelial
T7286 9844-9857 GO:0009653 denotes morphogenesis
T7287 9888-9905 GO_UBERON_EXT:basement_membrane denotes basement membrane
T7288 9941-9947 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7289 9948-9952 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7290 9996-10006 GO:0042571 denotes antibodies
T7291 10015-10026 PR_EXT:000009140 denotes β4 integrin
T7292 10018-10026 GO_PR_EXT:integrin denotes integrin
T7293 10053-10065 CL:0000312 denotes keratinocyte
T7294 10075-10083 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_adhesion_entity_or_process denotes adhesion
T7295 10102-10119 GO_UBERON_EXT:basement_membrane denotes basement membrane
T7296 10146-10152 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7297 10153-10162 GO_EXT:cell_communication_or_signaling_or_signal_transduction denotes signaling
T7298 10212-10225 GO:0008283 denotes proliferation
T7329 10990-11003 GO_EXT:transcription denotes transcription
T7330 11020-11024 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7331 11080-11082 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes WT
T7332 11087-11093 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7333 11094-11098 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7335 11122-11127 PR_EXT:000009751 denotes LEF-1
T7336 11132-11141 PR_EXT:000002198 denotes β-catenin
T7337 11142-11154 GO_PATO_EXT:biological_localization_process_or_quality denotes localization
T7338 11171-11174 _FRAGMENT denotes Wnt
T7339 11182-11199 GO:0016055 denotes signaling pathway
T7340 11175-11181 PR_EXT:000000021 denotes noggin
T7341 11243-11256 UBERON:0002073 denotes hair follicle
T7342 11243-11270 GO:0031069 denotes hair follicle morphogenesis
T7343 11272-11278 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7344 11309-11315 PR_EXT:000000021 denotes noggin
T7345 11342-11346 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7346 11385-11390 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7347 11391-11395 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T7348 11391-11406 GO:0010467 denotes gene expression
T7349 11408-11414 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7350 11458-11468 GO_EXT:0016015 denotes morphogens
T7351 11472-11485 GO_EXT:negative_regulation denotes down-regulate
T7352 11486-11496 PR_EXT:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T7353 11544-11557 GO_PATO_EXT:cell_proliferation_or_proliferativity denotes proliferative
T7042 227-237 GO:0065007 denotes regulating
T7299 10256-10260 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7300 10285-10289 PR_EXT:000010425 denotes Ki67
T7301 10347-10353 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7302 10365-10370 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7303 10371-10381 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7304 10415-10424 GO_EXT:0016015 denotes morphogen
T7305 10457-10467 GO:0010467 denotes expression
T7306 10471-10476 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes genes
T7307 10509-10514 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7308 10541-10546 PR_EXT:000015308 denotes Snail
T7309 10574-10584 PR_EXT:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T7310 10585-10589 SO_EXT:0000704 denotes gene
T7311 10629-10639 PR_EXT:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T7312 10643-10649 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7313 10650-10654 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7314 10684-10688 UBERON:0001037 denotes hair
T7315 10697-10703 PR_EXT:000000183 denotes TGF-β2
T7316 10704-10708 SO_EXT:sequence_nullness denotes null
T7317 10709-10713 UBERON_EXT:zone_of_skin_or_skin_of_body denotes skin
T7318 10779-10781 SO_EXT:wild_type_entity_or_quality denotes WT
T7319 10856-10869 GO:0005576 denotes extracellular
T7320 10861-10869 CL_GO_EXT:cell denotes cellular
T7321 10886-10892 PR_EXT:000000021 denotes noggin
T7322 10914-10927 _FRAGMENT denotes generation of
T7323 10960-10967 GO:0065003 denotes complex
T7324 10930-10935 PR_EXT:000009751 denotes LEF-1
T7325 10936-10945 PR_EXT:000002198 denotes β-catenin
T7326 10946-10959 GO_EXT:transcription denotes transcription
T7327 10960-10967 GO:0032991 denotes complex
T7328 10979-10989 PR_EXT:000001447 denotes E-cadherin
T7334 11114-11121 GO:0005634 denotes nuclear
R4165 T7032 T7031 _lexicallyChainedTo Gene Expression,Regulation of
R4166 T7060 T7059 _lexicallyChainedTo signaling,Wnt
R4167 T7066 T7065 _lexicallyChainedTo signal,transmission of
R4168 T7110 T7109 _lexicallyChainedTo epidermis,basal layer of
R4169 T7159 T7158 _lexicallyChainedTo gene,site of
R4170 T7323 T7322 _lexicallyChainedTo complex,generation of
R4171 T7339 T7338 _lexicallyChainedTo signaling pathway,Wnt

craft-sa-dev

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T7354 0-7 VBG denotes Probing
T7355 48-55 VBZ denotes Reveals
T7356 8-11 DT denotes the
T7357 12-22 NN denotes Regulation
T7358 23-25 IN denotes of
T7359 26-31 NN denotes Snail
T7360 32-36 NN denotes Gene
T7361 37-47 NN denotes Expression
T7362 56-58 DT denotes an
T7363 69-73 NN denotes Link
T7364 59-68 JJ denotes Essential
T7365 74-76 IN denotes to
T7366 77-80 NN denotes TGF
T7367 81-83 NN denotes β2
T7368 80-81 HYPH denotes -
T7369 84-93 NN denotes Signaling
T7370 94-96 IN denotes in
T7371 97-100 DT denotes the
T7372 117-120 NN denotes Bud
T7373 101-111 VBG denotes Developing
T7374 112-116 NN denotes Hair
T7375 120-253 sentence denotes The temporal spike of Snail mRNA expression in the hair bud prompted us to consider what factor(s) may be regulating the Snail gene.
T7376 121-124 DT denotes The
T7377 134-139 NN denotes spike
T7378 125-133 JJ denotes temporal
T7379 181-189 VBD denotes prompted
T7380 140-142 IN denotes of
T7381 143-148 NN denotes Snail
T7382 154-164 NN denotes expression
T7383 149-153 NN denotes mRNA
T7384 165-167 IN denotes in
T7385 168-171 DT denotes the
T7386 177-180 NN denotes bud
T7387 172-176 NN denotes hair
T7388 190-192 PRP denotes us
T7389 193-195 TO denotes to
T7390 196-204 VB denotes consider
T7391 205-209 WDT denotes what
T7392 210-216 NN denotes factor
T7393 227-237 VBG denotes regulating
T7394 216-217 -LRB- denotes (
T7395 217-218 AFX denotes s
T7396 218-219 -RRB- denotes )
T7397 220-223 MD denotes may
T7398 224-226 VB denotes be
T7399 238-241 DT denotes the
T7400 248-252 NN denotes gene
T7401 242-247 NN denotes Snail
T7402 252-253 . denotes .
T7403 253-477 sentence denotes A variety of extracellular signals have an impact on the cell type-specific expression of different Snail family members, and many of them, including Wnts, BMPs, FGFs, and TGF-βs, also affect hair bud development [2,16,28].
T7404 254-255 DT denotes A
T7405 256-263 NN denotes variety
T7406 289-293 VBP denotes have
T7407 264-266 IN denotes of
T7408 267-280 JJ denotes extracellular
T7409 281-288 NNS denotes signals
T7410 294-296 DT denotes an
T7411 297-303 NN denotes impact
T7412 304-306 IN denotes on
T7413 307-310 DT denotes the
T7414 330-340 NN denotes expression
T7415 311-315 NN denotes cell
T7416 316-320 NN denotes type
T7417 321-329 JJ denotes specific
T7418 320-321 HYPH denotes -
T7419 341-343 IN denotes of
T7420 344-353 JJ denotes different
T7421 367-374 NNS denotes members
T7422 354-359 NN denotes Snail
T7423 360-366 NN denotes family
T7424 374-376 , denotes ,
T7425 376-379 CC denotes and
T7426 380-384 JJ denotes many
T7427 439-445 VBP denotes affect
T7428 385-387 IN denotes of
T7429 388-392 PRP denotes them
T7430 392-394 , denotes ,
T7431 394-403 VBG denotes including
T7432 404-408 NNS denotes Wnts
T7433 408-410 , denotes ,
T7434 410-414 NNS denotes BMPs
T7435 414-416 , denotes ,
T7436 416-420 NNS denotes FGFs
T7437 420-422 , denotes ,
T7438 422-425 CC denotes and
T7439 426-429 NN denotes TGF
T7440 430-432 NNS denotes βs
T7441 429-430 HYPH denotes -
T7442 432-434 , denotes ,
T7443 434-438 RB denotes also
T7444 446-450 NN denotes hair
T7445 451-454 NN denotes bud
T7446 455-466 NN denotes development
T7447 467-468 -LRB- denotes [
T7448 473-475 CD denotes 28
T7449 468-469 CD denotes 2
T7450 469-470 , denotes ,
T7451 470-472 CD denotes 16
T7452 472-473 , denotes ,
T7453 475-476 -RRB- denotes ]
T7454 476-477 . denotes .
T7455 477-705 sentence denotes Since Snail is not expressed in cultured skin keratinocytes that secrete active BMPs and FGFs (see Figure 1B), we focused our attention on Wnt and TGF-β signaling as more likely candidates for Snail induction in this cell type.
T7456 478-483 IN denotes Since
T7457 497-506 VBN denotes expressed
T7458 484-489 NN denotes Snail
T7459 490-492 VBZ denotes is
T7460 493-496 RB denotes not
T7461 592-599 VBD denotes focused
T7462 507-509 IN denotes in
T7463 510-518 VBN denotes cultured
T7464 524-537 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T7465 519-523 NN denotes skin
T7466 538-542 WDT denotes that
T7467 543-550 VBP denotes secrete
T7468 551-557 JJ denotes active
T7469 558-562 NNS denotes BMPs
T7470 563-566 CC denotes and
T7471 567-571 NNS denotes FGFs
T7472 572-573 -LRB- denotes (
T7473 573-576 VB denotes see
T7474 577-583 NN denotes Figure
T7475 584-586 NN denotes 1B
T7476 586-587 -RRB- denotes )
T7477 587-589 , denotes ,
T7478 589-591 PRP denotes we
T7479 600-603 PRP$ denotes our
T7480 604-613 NN denotes attention
T7481 614-616 IN denotes on
T7482 617-620 NN denotes Wnt
T7483 631-640 NN denotes signaling
T7484 621-624 CC denotes and
T7485 625-628 NN denotes TGF
T7486 629-630 NN denotes β
T7487 628-629 HYPH denotes -
T7488 641-643 IN denotes as
T7489 644-648 RBR denotes more
T7490 649-655 JJ denotes likely
T7491 656-666 NNS denotes candidates
T7492 667-670 IN denotes for
T7493 671-676 NN denotes Snail
T7494 677-686 NN denotes induction
T7495 687-689 IN denotes in
T7496 690-694 DT denotes this
T7497 700-704 NN denotes type
T7498 695-699 NN denotes cell
T7499 704-705 . denotes .
T7500 705-904 sentence denotes Previously, we showed that effective transmission of a Wnt-3a signal in cultured keratinocytes can be achieved through their exposure to the BMP inhibitor noggin, which induces LEF-1 expression [4].
T7501 706-716 RB denotes Previously
T7502 721-727 VBD denotes showed
T7503 716-718 , denotes ,
T7504 718-720 PRP denotes we
T7505 728-732 IN denotes that
T7506 808-816 VBN denotes achieved
T7507 733-742 JJ denotes effective
T7508 743-755 NN denotes transmission
T7509 756-758 IN denotes of
T7510 759-760 DT denotes a
T7511 768-774 NN denotes signal
T7512 761-764 NN denotes Wnt
T7513 764-765 HYPH denotes -
T7514 765-767 CD denotes 3a
T7515 775-777 IN denotes in
T7516 778-786 VBN denotes cultured
T7517 787-800 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T7518 801-804 MD denotes can
T7519 805-807 VB denotes be
T7520 817-824 IN denotes through
T7521 825-830 PRP$ denotes their
T7522 831-839 NN denotes exposure
T7523 840-842 IN denotes to
T7524 843-846 DT denotes the
T7525 851-860 NN denotes inhibitor
T7526 847-850 NN denotes BMP
T7527 861-867 NN denotes noggin
T7528 867-869 , denotes ,
T7529 869-874 WDT denotes which
T7530 875-882 VBZ denotes induces
T7531 883-886 NN denotes LEF
T7532 889-899 NN denotes expression
T7533 886-887 HYPH denotes -
T7534 887-888 CD denotes 1
T7535 900-901 -LRB- denotes [
T7536 901-902 CD denotes 4
T7537 902-903 -RRB- denotes ]
T7538 903-904 . denotes .
T7539 904-1039 sentence denotes In vitro, these conditions down-regulated the E-cadherin promoter and induced a LEF-1/β-catenin-sensitive reporter gene, TOPFLASH [4].
T7540 905-907 FW denotes In
T7541 908-913 FW denotes vitro
T7542 937-946 VBD denotes regulated
T7543 913-915 , denotes ,
T7544 915-920 DT denotes these
T7545 921-931 NNS denotes conditions
T7546 932-936 RB denotes down
T7547 936-937 HYPH denotes -
T7548 947-950 DT denotes the
T7549 962-970 NN denotes promoter
T7550 951-952 NN denotes E
T7551 953-961 NN denotes cadherin
T7552 952-953 HYPH denotes -
T7553 971-974 CC denotes and
T7554 975-982 VBD denotes induced
T7555 983-984 DT denotes a
T7556 1020-1024 NN denotes gene
T7557 985-988 NN denotes LEF
T7558 1001-1010 JJ denotes sensitive
T7559 988-989 HYPH denotes -
T7560 989-990 CD denotes 1
T7561 990-991 HYPH denotes /
T7562 991-992 NN denotes β
T7563 993-1000 NN denotes catenin
T7564 992-993 HYPH denotes -
T7565 1000-1001 HYPH denotes -
T7566 1011-1019 NN denotes reporter
T7567 1024-1026 , denotes ,
T7568 1026-1034 NN denotes TOPFLASH
T7569 1035-1036 -LRB- denotes [
T7570 1036-1037 CD denotes 4
T7571 1037-1038 -RRB- denotes ]
T7572 1038-1039 . denotes .
T7573 1039-1118 sentence denotes In contrast, Snail expression was not induced by these conditions (Figure 5A).
T7574 1040-1042 IN denotes In
T7575 1078-1085 VBN denotes induced
T7576 1043-1051 NN denotes contrast
T7577 1051-1053 , denotes ,
T7578 1053-1058 NN denotes Snail
T7579 1059-1069 NN denotes expression
T7580 1070-1073 VBD denotes was
T7581 1074-1077 RB denotes not
T7582 1086-1088 IN denotes by
T7583 1089-1094 DT denotes these
T7584 1095-1105 NNS denotes conditions
T7585 1106-1107 -LRB- denotes (
T7586 1114-1116 NN denotes 5A
T7587 1107-1113 NN denotes Figure
T7588 1116-1117 -RRB- denotes )
T7589 1117-1118 . denotes .
T7590 1118-1322 sentence denotes Thus, despite essential roles for Wnts and noggin in hair follicle specification [4,29,30], our studies did not support an essential role for these signals in governing Snail expression in keratinocytes.
T7591 1119-1123 RB denotes Thus
T7592 1231-1238 VB denotes support
T7593 1123-1125 , denotes ,
T7594 1125-1132 IN denotes despite
T7595 1133-1142 JJ denotes essential
T7596 1143-1148 NNS denotes roles
T7597 1149-1152 IN denotes for
T7598 1153-1157 NNS denotes Wnts
T7599 1158-1161 CC denotes and
T7600 1162-1168 NN denotes noggin
T7601 1169-1171 IN denotes in
T7602 1172-1176 NN denotes hair
T7603 1177-1185 NN denotes follicle
T7604 1186-1199 NN denotes specification
T7605 1200-1201 -LRB- denotes [
T7606 1206-1208 CD denotes 30
T7607 1201-1202 CD denotes 4
T7608 1202-1203 , denotes ,
T7609 1203-1205 CD denotes 29
T7610 1205-1206 , denotes ,
T7611 1208-1209 -RRB- denotes ]
T7612 1209-1211 , denotes ,
T7613 1211-1214 PRP$ denotes our
T7614 1215-1222 NNS denotes studies
T7615 1223-1226 VBD denotes did
T7616 1227-1230 RB denotes not
T7617 1239-1241 DT denotes an
T7618 1252-1256 NN denotes role
T7619 1242-1251 JJ denotes essential
T7620 1257-1260 IN denotes for
T7621 1261-1266 DT denotes these
T7622 1267-1274 NNS denotes signals
T7623 1275-1277 IN denotes in
T7624 1278-1287 VBG denotes governing
T7625 1288-1293 NN denotes Snail
T7626 1294-1304 NN denotes expression
T7627 1305-1307 IN denotes in
T7628 1308-1321 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T7629 1321-1322 . denotes .
T7630 1322-3521 sentence denotes Figure 5 TGF-β2, but Not Wnt/noggin, Transiently Induces Snail Expression In Vitro (A) Failure of Wnt and noggin signaling to induce Snail in cultured keratinocytes. Primary mouse keratinocytes were treated with Wnt- and/or noggin-conditioned medium (+) or the corresponding control medium (–). These conditions are known to activate the LEF-1/β-catenin reporter TOPGal and down-regulate the E-cadherin promoter (see [4] for details). Using Western blot analyses, cellular proteins were then analyzed for Snail, LEF-1, β-catenin, and tubulin. Proteins from keratinocytes transfected with K14-Snail were used as a positive control for Snail expression. (B) TGF-β2 can induce Snail protein. Primary keratinocytes were treated for the indicated times with recombinant TGF-β2 (+) or heat inactivated TGF-β2 (–).Total cellular proteins were then isolated and analyzed by Western blot for Snail, pSMAD2 (reflective of activated TGF- signaling), and tubulin. Note the activation of Snail expression, peaking at 2 h post-TGF-β2 treatment and then disappearing thereafter. (C) Snail mRNA expression is transiently induced by TGF-β2. The experiment in (B) was repeated, and this time, total RNAs were isolated from keratinocytes treated with TGF-β2 for the indicated times. RT-PCR was then used with (+) or without (–) reverse transcriptase (RT) and with primer sets specific for Snail and GAPDH mRNAs. Note that Snail mRNA expression also peaked at 2 h, paralleling Snail protein. (D) TGF-β2 treatment results in enhanced activity of a Snail promoter-β-galactosidase reporter. Keratinocytes were transfected with a β-galactosidase reporter driven by a Snail promoter that is either WT (wt prom) or harbors a mutation in a putative pSMAD2/pSMAD4 binding site (mt prom). At 2 d posttransfection, cells were treated with either TGF-β or heat-inactivated TGF-β2 (inact) for the times indicated. β-galactosidase assays were then conducted, and results are reported as fold increase over a basal level of activity of 1. The experiment was repeated three times in triplicate, and error bars reflect variations in the results. TGF-β1 has been shown to induce Snail family members in hepatocytes and heart [15, 31].
T7631 3434-3437 NN denotes TGF
T7632 3438-3440 NN denotes β1
T7633 3437-3438 HYPH denotes -
T7634 3450-3455 VBN denotes shown
T7635 3441-3444 VBZ denotes has
T7636 3445-3449 VBN denotes been
T7637 3456-3458 TO denotes to
T7638 3459-3465 VB denotes induce
T7639 3466-3471 NN denotes Snail
T7640 3479-3486 NNS denotes members
T7641 3472-3478 NN denotes family
T7642 3487-3489 IN denotes in
T7643 3490-3501 NNS denotes hepatocytes
T7644 3502-3505 CC denotes and
T7645 3506-3511 NN denotes heart
T7646 3512-3513 -LRB- denotes [
T7647 3517-3519 CD denotes 31
T7648 3513-3515 CD denotes 15
T7649 3515-3517 , denotes ,
T7650 3519-3520 -RRB- denotes ]
T7651 3520-3521 . denotes .
T7652 3521-3680 sentence denotes In keratinocytes, however, TGF-β1 inhibits keratinocyte growth and seems to be involved in triggering the destructive phase of the cycling hair follicle [32].
T7653 3522-3524 IN denotes In
T7654 3556-3564 VBZ denotes inhibits
T7655 3525-3538 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T7656 3538-3540 , denotes ,
T7657 3540-3547 RB denotes however
T7658 3547-3549 , denotes ,
T7659 3549-3552 NN denotes TGF
T7660 3553-3555 NN denotes β1
T7661 3552-3553 HYPH denotes -
T7662 3565-3577 NN denotes keratinocyte
T7663 3578-3584 NN denotes growth
T7664 3585-3588 CC denotes and
T7665 3589-3594 VBZ denotes seems
T7666 3595-3597 TO denotes to
T7667 3601-3609 VBN denotes involved
T7668 3598-3600 VB denotes be
T7669 3610-3612 IN denotes in
T7670 3613-3623 VBG denotes triggering
T7671 3624-3627 DT denotes the
T7672 3640-3645 NN denotes phase
T7673 3628-3639 JJ denotes destructive
T7674 3646-3648 IN denotes of
T7675 3649-3652 DT denotes the
T7676 3666-3674 NN denotes follicle
T7677 3653-3660 VBG denotes cycling
T7678 3661-3665 NN denotes hair
T7679 3675-3676 -LRB- denotes [
T7680 3676-3678 CD denotes 32
T7681 3678-3679 -RRB- denotes ]
T7682 3679-3680 . denotes .
T7683 3680-3836 sentence denotes Of the loss-of-function mutations generated in each of the TGF-β genes, only the TGF-β2 null state blocked follicle development at the hair bud stage [32].
T7684 3681-3683 IN denotes Of
T7685 3780-3787 VBD denotes blocked
T7686 3684-3687 DT denotes the
T7687 3705-3714 NNS denotes mutations
T7688 3688-3692 NN denotes loss
T7689 3692-3693 HYPH denotes -
T7690 3693-3695 IN denotes of
T7691 3695-3696 HYPH denotes -
T7692 3696-3704 NN denotes function
T7693 3715-3724 VBN denotes generated
T7694 3725-3727 IN denotes in
T7695 3728-3732 DT denotes each
T7696 3733-3735 IN denotes of
T7697 3736-3739 DT denotes the
T7698 3746-3751 NNS denotes genes
T7699 3740-3743 NN denotes TGF
T7700 3744-3745 NN denotes β
T7701 3743-3744 HYPH denotes -
T7702 3751-3753 , denotes ,
T7703 3753-3757 RB denotes only
T7704 3774-3779 NN denotes state
T7705 3758-3761 DT denotes the
T7706 3762-3765 NN denotes TGF
T7707 3766-3768 NN denotes β2
T7708 3765-3766 HYPH denotes -
T7709 3769-3773 JJ denotes null
T7710 3788-3796 NN denotes follicle
T7711 3797-3808 NN denotes development
T7712 3809-3811 IN denotes at
T7713 3812-3815 DT denotes the
T7714 3825-3830 NN denotes stage
T7715 3816-3820 NN denotes hair
T7716 3821-3824 NN denotes bud
T7717 3831-3832 -LRB- denotes [
T7718 3832-3834 CD denotes 32
T7719 3834-3835 -RRB- denotes ]
T7720 3835-3836 . denotes .
T7721 3836-4000 sentence denotes Thus, we turned towards addressing whether TGF-β2 might be involved in regulating Snail expression in keratinocytes isolated from the basal layer of the epidermis.
T7722 3837-3841 RB denotes Thus
T7723 3846-3852 VBD denotes turned
T7724 3841-3843 , denotes ,
T7725 3843-3845 PRP denotes we
T7726 3853-3860 IN denotes towards
T7727 3861-3871 VBG denotes addressing
T7728 3872-3879 IN denotes whether
T7729 3896-3904 VBN denotes involved
T7730 3880-3883 NN denotes TGF
T7731 3884-3886 NN denotes β2
T7732 3883-3884 HYPH denotes -
T7733 3887-3892 MD denotes might
T7734 3893-3895 VB denotes be
T7735 3905-3907 IN denotes in
T7736 3908-3918 VBG denotes regulating
T7737 3919-3924 NN denotes Snail
T7738 3925-3935 NN denotes expression
T7739 3936-3938 IN denotes in
T7740 3939-3952 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T7741 3953-3961 VBN denotes isolated
T7742 3962-3966 IN denotes from
T7743 3967-3970 DT denotes the
T7744 3977-3982 NN denotes layer
T7745 3971-3976 JJ denotes basal
T7746 3983-3985 IN denotes of
T7747 3986-3989 DT denotes the
T7748 3990-3999 NN denotes epidermis
T7749 3999-4000 . denotes .
T7750 4000-4231 sentence denotes Though there is no cell culture system available to specifically study placodal cells, these keratinocytes are their progenitors and are the closest approximation available to study the behavior of epithelial cells of the placode.
T7751 4001-4007 IN denotes Though
T7752 4014-4016 VBZ denotes is
T7753 4008-4013 EX denotes there
T7754 4108-4111 VBP denotes are
T7755 4017-4019 DT denotes no
T7756 4033-4039 NN denotes system
T7757 4020-4024 NN denotes cell
T7758 4025-4032 NN denotes culture
T7759 4040-4049 JJ denotes available
T7760 4050-4052 TO denotes to
T7761 4066-4071 VB denotes study
T7762 4053-4065 RB denotes specifically
T7763 4072-4080 JJ denotes placodal
T7764 4081-4086 NNS denotes cells
T7765 4086-4088 , denotes ,
T7766 4088-4093 DT denotes these
T7767 4094-4107 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T7768 4112-4117 PRP$ denotes their
T7769 4118-4129 NNS denotes progenitors
T7770 4130-4133 CC denotes and
T7771 4134-4137 VBP denotes are
T7772 4138-4141 DT denotes the
T7773 4150-4163 NN denotes approximation
T7774 4142-4149 JJS denotes closest
T7775 4164-4173 JJ denotes available
T7776 4174-4176 TO denotes to
T7777 4177-4182 VB denotes study
T7778 4183-4186 DT denotes the
T7779 4187-4195 NN denotes behavior
T7780 4196-4198 IN denotes of
T7781 4199-4209 JJ denotes epithelial
T7782 4210-4215 NNS denotes cells
T7783 4216-4218 IN denotes of
T7784 4219-4222 DT denotes the
T7785 4223-4230 NN denotes placode
T7786 4230-4231 . denotes .
T7787 4231-4379 sentence denotes Interestingly, treatment of cultured keratinocytes with as little as 5 ng/ml of TGF-β2 caused a rapid and transient induction of Snail (Figure 5B).
T7788 4232-4245 RB denotes Interestingly
T7789 4319-4325 VBD denotes caused
T7790 4245-4247 , denotes ,
T7791 4247-4256 NN denotes treatment
T7792 4257-4259 IN denotes of
T7793 4260-4268 VBN denotes cultured
T7794 4269-4282 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T7795 4283-4287 IN denotes with
T7796 4288-4290 RB denotes as
T7797 4301-4302 CD denotes 5
T7798 4291-4297 JJ denotes little
T7799 4298-4300 IN denotes as
T7800 4303-4305 NN denotes ng
T7801 4305-4306 SYM denotes /
T7802 4306-4308 NN denotes ml
T7803 4309-4311 IN denotes of
T7804 4312-4315 NN denotes TGF
T7805 4316-4318 NN denotes β2
T7806 4315-4316 HYPH denotes -
T7807 4326-4327 DT denotes a
T7808 4348-4357 NN denotes induction
T7809 4328-4333 JJ denotes rapid
T7810 4334-4337 CC denotes and
T7811 4338-4347 JJ denotes transient
T7812 4358-4360 IN denotes of
T7813 4361-4366 NN denotes Snail
T7814 4367-4368 -LRB- denotes (
T7815 4375-4377 NN denotes 5B
T7816 4368-4374 NN denotes Figure
T7817 4377-4378 -RRB- denotes )
T7818 4378-4379 . denotes .
T7819 4379-4492 sentence denotes Following this treatment, Snail protein was detected within 30 min, peaked at 2 h, and then declined thereafter.
T7820 4380-4389 VBG denotes Following
T7821 4424-4432 VBN denotes detected
T7822 4390-4394 DT denotes this
T7823 4395-4404 NN denotes treatment
T7824 4404-4406 , denotes ,
T7825 4406-4411 NN denotes Snail
T7826 4412-4419 NN denotes protein
T7827 4420-4423 VBD denotes was
T7828 4433-4439 IN denotes within
T7829 4440-4442 CD denotes 30
T7830 4443-4446 NN denotes min
T7831 4446-4448 , denotes ,
T7832 4448-4454 VBD denotes peaked
T7833 4455-4457 IN denotes at
T7834 4458-4459 CD denotes 2
T7835 4460-4461 NN denotes h
T7836 4461-4463 , denotes ,
T7837 4463-4466 CC denotes and
T7838 4467-4471 RB denotes then
T7839 4472-4480 VBD denotes declined
T7840 4481-4491 RB denotes thereafter
T7841 4491-4492 . denotes .
T7842 4492-4684 sentence denotes The induction of Snail appeared to be specific for the active form of the growth factor, as pretreatment of TGF-β2 for 10 min at 100 °C obliterated the response [Figure 5B, lanes marked (–)].
T7843 4493-4496 DT denotes The
T7844 4497-4506 NN denotes induction
T7845 4516-4524 VBD denotes appeared
T7846 4507-4509 IN denotes of
T7847 4510-4515 NN denotes Snail
T7848 4525-4527 TO denotes to
T7849 4528-4530 VB denotes be
T7850 4531-4539 JJ denotes specific
T7851 4540-4543 IN denotes for
T7852 4544-4547 DT denotes the
T7853 4555-4559 NN denotes form
T7854 4548-4554 JJ denotes active
T7855 4560-4562 IN denotes of
T7856 4563-4566 DT denotes the
T7857 4574-4580 NN denotes factor
T7858 4567-4573 NN denotes growth
T7859 4580-4582 , denotes ,
T7860 4582-4584 IN denotes as
T7861 4629-4640 VBD denotes obliterated
T7862 4585-4597 NN denotes pretreatment
T7863 4598-4600 IN denotes of
T7864 4601-4604 NN denotes TGF
T7865 4605-4607 NN denotes β2
T7866 4604-4605 HYPH denotes -
T7867 4608-4611 IN denotes for
T7868 4612-4614 CD denotes 10
T7869 4615-4618 NN denotes min
T7870 4619-4621 IN denotes at
T7871 4622-4625 CD denotes 100
T7872 4626-4628 NN denotes °C
T7873 4641-4644 DT denotes the
T7874 4645-4653 NN denotes response
T7875 4654-4655 -LRB- denotes [
T7876 4666-4671 NNS denotes lanes
T7877 4655-4661 NN denotes Figure
T7878 4662-4664 NN denotes 5B
T7879 4664-4666 , denotes ,
T7880 4672-4678 VBN denotes marked
T7881 4679-4680 -LRB- denotes (
T7882 4680-4681 SYM denotes –
T7883 4681-4682 -RRB- denotes )
T7884 4682-4683 -RRB- denotes ]
T7885 4683-4684 . denotes .
T7886 4684-4922 sentence denotes By contrast, although TGF-β receptor activation remained elevated during the duration of the experiment (as measured by the sustained phosphorylation of the downstream effector SMAD2) Snail expression could not be maintained (Figure 5B).
T7887 4685-4687 IN denotes By
T7888 4899-4909 VBN denotes maintained
T7889 4688-4696 NN denotes contrast
T7890 4696-4698 , denotes ,
T7891 4698-4706 IN denotes although
T7892 4733-4741 VBD denotes remained
T7893 4707-4710 NN denotes TGF
T7894 4711-4712 NN denotes β
T7895 4710-4711 HYPH denotes -
T7896 4713-4721 NN denotes receptor
T7897 4722-4732 NN denotes activation
T7898 4742-4750 JJ denotes elevated
T7899 4751-4757 IN denotes during
T7900 4758-4761 DT denotes the
T7901 4762-4770 NN denotes duration
T7902 4771-4773 IN denotes of
T7903 4774-4777 DT denotes the
T7904 4778-4788 NN denotes experiment
T7905 4789-4790 -LRB- denotes (
T7906 4790-4792 IN denotes as
T7907 4793-4801 VBN denotes measured
T7908 4802-4804 IN denotes by
T7909 4805-4808 DT denotes the
T7910 4819-4834 NN denotes phosphorylation
T7911 4809-4818 JJ denotes sustained
T7912 4835-4837 IN denotes of
T7913 4838-4841 DT denotes the
T7914 4853-4861 NN denotes effector
T7915 4842-4852 JJ denotes downstream
T7916 4862-4867 NN denotes SMAD2
T7917 4867-4868 -RRB- denotes )
T7918 4869-4874 NN denotes Snail
T7919 4875-4885 NN denotes expression
T7920 4886-4891 MD denotes could
T7921 4892-4895 RB denotes not
T7922 4896-4898 VB denotes be
T7923 4910-4911 -LRB- denotes (
T7924 4918-4920 NN denotes 5B
T7925 4911-4917 NN denotes Figure
T7926 4920-4921 -RRB- denotes )
T7927 4921-4922 . denotes .
T7928 4922-5070 sentence denotes Thus, although Snail expression correlated with phosphorylated SMAD2 (pSMAD2) induction, its decline seemed to rely on secondary downstream events.
T7929 4923-4927 RB denotes Thus
T7930 5024-5030 VBD denotes seemed
T7931 4927-4929 , denotes ,
T7932 4929-4937 IN denotes although
T7933 4955-4965 VBD denotes correlated
T7934 4938-4943 NN denotes Snail
T7935 4944-4954 NN denotes expression
T7936 4966-4970 IN denotes with
T7937 4971-4985 VBN denotes phosphorylated
T7938 4986-4991 NN denotes SMAD2
T7939 5001-5010 NN denotes induction
T7940 4992-4993 -LRB- denotes (
T7941 4993-4999 NN denotes pSMAD2
T7942 4999-5000 -RRB- denotes )
T7943 5010-5012 , denotes ,
T7944 5012-5015 PRP$ denotes its
T7945 5016-5023 NN denotes decline
T7946 5031-5033 TO denotes to
T7947 5034-5038 VB denotes rely
T7948 5039-5041 IN denotes on
T7949 5042-5051 JJ denotes secondary
T7950 5063-5069 NNS denotes events
T7951 5052-5062 JJ denotes downstream
T7952 5069-5070 . denotes .
T7953 5070-5252 sentence denotes The rapid kinetics of Snail expression were reflected at the mRNA level, suggesting that Snail promoter activity in keratinocytes might be sensitive to TGF-β2 signaling (Figure 5C).
T7954 5071-5074 DT denotes The
T7955 5081-5089 NNS denotes kinetics
T7956 5075-5080 JJ denotes rapid
T7957 5115-5124 VBN denotes reflected
T7958 5090-5092 IN denotes of
T7959 5093-5098 NN denotes Snail
T7960 5099-5109 NN denotes expression
T7961 5110-5114 VBD denotes were
T7962 5125-5127 IN denotes at
T7963 5128-5131 DT denotes the
T7964 5137-5142 NN denotes level
T7965 5132-5136 NN denotes mRNA
T7966 5142-5144 , denotes ,
T7967 5144-5154 VBG denotes suggesting
T7968 5155-5159 IN denotes that
T7969 5207-5209 VB denotes be
T7970 5160-5165 NN denotes Snail
T7971 5166-5174 NN denotes promoter
T7972 5175-5183 NN denotes activity
T7973 5184-5186 IN denotes in
T7974 5187-5200 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T7975 5201-5206 MD denotes might
T7976 5210-5219 JJ denotes sensitive
T7977 5220-5222 IN denotes to
T7978 5223-5226 NN denotes TGF
T7979 5227-5229 NN denotes β2
T7980 5226-5227 HYPH denotes -
T7981 5230-5239 NN denotes signaling
T7982 5240-5241 -LRB- denotes (
T7983 5248-5250 NN denotes 5C
T7984 5241-5247 NN denotes Figure
T7985 5250-5251 -RRB- denotes )
T7986 5251-5252 . denotes .
T7987 5252-5479 sentence denotes To test this possibility, we engineered a transgene driving the β-galactosidase reporter under the control of approximately 2.2 kb of promoter sequence located 5′ from the transcription initiation site of the mouse Snail gene.
T7988 5253-5255 TO denotes To
T7989 5256-5260 VB denotes test
T7990 5282-5292 VBD denotes engineered
T7991 5261-5265 DT denotes this
T7992 5266-5277 NN denotes possibility
T7993 5277-5279 , denotes ,
T7994 5279-5281 PRP denotes we
T7995 5293-5294 DT denotes a
T7996 5295-5304 NN denotes transgene
T7997 5305-5312 VBG denotes driving
T7998 5313-5316 DT denotes the
T7999 5333-5341 NN denotes reporter
T8000 5317-5318 NN denotes β
T8001 5319-5332 NN denotes galactosidase
T8002 5318-5319 HYPH denotes -
T8003 5342-5347 IN denotes under
T8004 5348-5351 DT denotes the
T8005 5352-5359 NN denotes control
T8006 5360-5362 IN denotes of
T8007 5363-5376 RB denotes approximately
T8008 5377-5380 CD denotes 2.2
T8009 5381-5383 NN denotes kb
T8010 5384-5386 IN denotes of
T8011 5387-5395 NN denotes promoter
T8012 5396-5404 NN denotes sequence
T8013 5405-5412 VBN denotes located
T8014 5413-5414 CD denotes 5
T8015 5414-5415 SYM denotes ′
T8016 5416-5420 IN denotes from
T8017 5421-5424 DT denotes the
T8018 5450-5454 NN denotes site
T8019 5425-5438 NN denotes transcription
T8020 5439-5449 NN denotes initiation
T8021 5455-5457 IN denotes of
T8022 5458-5461 DT denotes the
T8023 5474-5478 NN denotes gene
T8024 5462-5467 NN denotes mouse
T8025 5468-5473 NN denotes Snail
T8026 5478-5479 . denotes .
T8027 5479-5679 sentence denotes At 2 d after transient transfection, keratinocytes were treated with TGF-β2 (t = 0) and then assayed for transgene activity over the same time course in which we had observed Snail protein induction.
T8028 5480-5482 IN denotes At
T8029 5536-5543 VBN denotes treated
T8030 5483-5484 CD denotes 2
T8031 5485-5486 NN denotes d
T8032 5487-5492 IN denotes after
T8033 5493-5502 JJ denotes transient
T8034 5503-5515 NN denotes transfection
T8035 5515-5517 , denotes ,
T8036 5517-5530 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T8037 5531-5535 VBD denotes were
T8038 5544-5548 IN denotes with
T8039 5549-5552 NN denotes TGF
T8040 5553-5555 NN denotes β2
T8041 5552-5553 HYPH denotes -
T8042 5556-5557 -LRB- denotes (
T8043 5561-5562 CD denotes 0
T8044 5557-5558 NN denotes t
T8045 5559-5560 SYM denotes =
T8046 5562-5563 -RRB- denotes )
T8047 5564-5567 CC denotes and
T8048 5568-5572 RB denotes then
T8049 5573-5580 VBN denotes assayed
T8050 5581-5584 IN denotes for
T8051 5585-5594 NN denotes transgene
T8052 5595-5603 NN denotes activity
T8053 5604-5608 IN denotes over
T8054 5609-5612 DT denotes the
T8055 5623-5629 NN denotes course
T8056 5613-5617 JJ denotes same
T8057 5618-5622 NN denotes time
T8058 5630-5632 IN denotes in
T8059 5646-5654 VBN denotes observed
T8060 5633-5638 WDT denotes which
T8061 5639-5641 PRP denotes we
T8062 5642-5645 VBD denotes had
T8063 5655-5660 NN denotes Snail
T8064 5661-5668 NN denotes protein
T8065 5669-5678 NN denotes induction
T8066 5678-5679 . denotes .
T8067 5679-5738 sentence denotes The results of this experiment are presented in Figure 5D.
T8068 5680-5683 DT denotes The
T8069 5684-5691 NNS denotes results
T8070 5715-5724 VBN denotes presented
T8071 5692-5694 IN denotes of
T8072 5695-5699 DT denotes this
T8073 5700-5710 NN denotes experiment
T8074 5711-5714 VBP denotes are
T8075 5725-5727 IN denotes in
T8076 5728-5734 NN denotes Figure
T8077 5735-5737 NN denotes 5D
T8078 5737-5738 . denotes .
T8079 5738-5898 sentence denotes Within 0.5 h of TGF-β2 treatment, Snail promoter activity had increased 3-fold, and by 2 h, it peaked to approximately 10-fold over control levels (Figure 5D).
T8080 5739-5745 IN denotes Within
T8081 5801-5810 VBN denotes increased
T8082 5746-5749 CD denotes 0.5
T8083 5750-5751 NN denotes h
T8084 5752-5754 IN denotes of
T8085 5755-5758 NN denotes TGF
T8086 5759-5761 NN denotes β2
T8087 5758-5759 HYPH denotes -
T8088 5762-5771 NN denotes treatment
T8089 5771-5773 , denotes ,
T8090 5773-5778 NN denotes Snail
T8091 5779-5787 NN denotes promoter
T8092 5788-5796 NN denotes activity
T8093 5797-5800 VBD denotes had
T8094 5811-5817 RB denotes 3-fold
T8095 5817-5819 , denotes ,
T8096 5819-5822 CC denotes and
T8097 5823-5825 IN denotes by
T8098 5834-5840 VBD denotes peaked
T8099 5826-5827 CD denotes 2
T8100 5828-5829 NN denotes h
T8101 5829-5831 , denotes ,
T8102 5831-5833 PRP denotes it
T8103 5841-5843 IN denotes to
T8104 5844-5857 RB denotes approximately
T8105 5858-5865 RB denotes 10-fold
T8106 5866-5870 IN denotes over
T8107 5871-5878 NN denotes control
T8108 5879-5885 NNS denotes levels
T8109 5886-5887 -LRB- denotes (
T8110 5894-5896 NN denotes 5D
T8111 5887-5893 NN denotes Figure
T8112 5896-5897 -RRB- denotes )
T8113 5897-5898 . denotes .
T8114 5898-6007 sentence denotes Thereafter, Snail promoter activity rapidly returned to the basal levels seen in unstimulated keratinocytes.
T8115 5899-5909 RB denotes Thereafter
T8116 5943-5951 VBD denotes returned
T8117 5909-5911 , denotes ,
T8118 5911-5916 NN denotes Snail
T8119 5917-5925 NN denotes promoter
T8120 5926-5934 NN denotes activity
T8121 5935-5942 RB denotes rapidly
T8122 5952-5954 IN denotes to
T8123 5955-5958 DT denotes the
T8124 5965-5971 NNS denotes levels
T8125 5959-5964 JJ denotes basal
T8126 5972-5976 VBN denotes seen
T8127 5977-5979 IN denotes in
T8128 5980-5992 JJ denotes unstimulated
T8129 5993-6006 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T8130 6006-6007 . denotes .
T8131 6007-6110 sentence denotes The kinetics of Snail promoter activity closely paralleled those observed for Snail protein induction.
T8132 6008-6011 DT denotes The
T8133 6012-6020 NNS denotes kinetics
T8134 6056-6066 VBD denotes paralleled
T8135 6021-6023 IN denotes of
T8136 6024-6029 NN denotes Snail
T8137 6030-6038 NN denotes promoter
T8138 6039-6047 NN denotes activity
T8139 6048-6055 RB denotes closely
T8140 6067-6072 DT denotes those
T8141 6073-6081 VBN denotes observed
T8142 6082-6085 IN denotes for
T8143 6086-6091 NN denotes Snail
T8144 6092-6099 NN denotes protein
T8145 6100-6109 NN denotes induction
T8146 6109-6110 . denotes .
T8147 6110-6382 sentence denotes Moreover, the stimulatory effects appeared to be specific to TGF-β2, since they were abrogated either by heat inactivation of the TGF-β2 protein or by mutation of a putative SMAD binding element located about 1.8 kb 5′ from the Snail transcription start site (Figure 5D).
T8148 6111-6119 RB denotes Moreover
T8149 6145-6153 VBD denotes appeared
T8150 6119-6121 , denotes ,
T8151 6121-6124 DT denotes the
T8152 6137-6144 NNS denotes effects
T8153 6125-6136 JJ denotes stimulatory
T8154 6154-6156 TO denotes to
T8155 6157-6159 VB denotes be
T8156 6160-6168 JJ denotes specific
T8157 6169-6171 IN denotes to
T8158 6172-6175 NN denotes TGF
T8159 6176-6178 NN denotes β2
T8160 6175-6176 HYPH denotes -
T8161 6178-6180 , denotes ,
T8162 6180-6185 IN denotes since
T8163 6196-6205 VBN denotes abrogated
T8164 6186-6190 PRP denotes they
T8165 6191-6195 VBD denotes were
T8166 6206-6212 CC denotes either
T8167 6213-6215 IN denotes by
T8168 6216-6220 NN denotes heat
T8169 6221-6233 NN denotes inactivation
T8170 6234-6236 IN denotes of
T8171 6237-6240 DT denotes the
T8172 6248-6255 NN denotes protein
T8173 6241-6244 NN denotes TGF
T8174 6245-6247 NN denotes β2
T8175 6244-6245 HYPH denotes -
T8176 6256-6258 CC denotes or
T8177 6259-6261 IN denotes by
T8178 6262-6270 NN denotes mutation
T8179 6271-6273 IN denotes of
T8180 6274-6275 DT denotes a
T8181 6298-6305 NN denotes element
T8182 6276-6284 JJ denotes putative
T8183 6285-6289 NN denotes SMAD
T8184 6290-6297 NN denotes binding
T8185 6306-6313 VBN denotes located
T8186 6314-6319 IN denotes about
T8187 6320-6323 CD denotes 1.8
T8188 6324-6326 NN denotes kb
T8189 6327-6328 CD denotes 5
T8190 6328-6329 SYM denotes ′
T8191 6330-6334 IN denotes from
T8192 6335-6338 DT denotes the
T8193 6365-6369 NN denotes site
T8194 6339-6344 NN denotes Snail
T8195 6345-6358 NN denotes transcription
T8196 6359-6364 NN denotes start
T8197 6370-6371 -LRB- denotes (
T8198 6378-6380 NN denotes 5D
T8199 6371-6377 NN denotes Figure
T8200 6380-6381 -RRB- denotes )
T8201 6381-6382 . denotes .
T8202 6382-6621 sentence denotes Taken together, these results suggested that in keratinocytes, TGF-β2 signaling results in a pSMAD2-dependent transient activation of the Snail gene, and that maintenance of Snail protein relies, in part, upon sustained promoter activity.
T8203 6383-6388 VBN denotes Taken
T8204 6413-6422 VBD denotes suggested
T8205 6389-6397 RB denotes together
T8206 6397-6399 , denotes ,
T8207 6399-6404 DT denotes these
T8208 6405-6412 NNS denotes results
T8209 6423-6427 IN denotes that
T8210 6463-6470 VBZ denotes results
T8211 6428-6430 IN denotes in
T8212 6431-6444 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T8213 6444-6446 , denotes ,
T8214 6446-6449 NN denotes TGF
T8215 6450-6452 NN denotes β2
T8216 6449-6450 HYPH denotes -
T8217 6453-6462 NN denotes signaling
T8218 6471-6473 IN denotes in
T8219 6474-6475 DT denotes a
T8220 6503-6513 NN denotes activation
T8221 6476-6482 NN denotes pSMAD2
T8222 6483-6492 JJ denotes dependent
T8223 6482-6483 HYPH denotes -
T8224 6493-6502 JJ denotes transient
T8225 6514-6516 IN denotes of
T8226 6517-6520 DT denotes the
T8227 6527-6531 NN denotes gene
T8228 6521-6526 NN denotes Snail
T8229 6531-6533 , denotes ,
T8230 6533-6536 CC denotes and
T8231 6537-6541 IN denotes that
T8232 6571-6577 VBZ denotes relies
T8233 6542-6553 NN denotes maintenance
T8234 6554-6556 IN denotes of
T8235 6557-6562 NN denotes Snail
T8236 6563-6570 NN denotes protein
T8237 6577-6579 , denotes ,
T8238 6579-6581 IN denotes in
T8239 6582-6586 NN denotes part
T8240 6586-6588 , denotes ,
T8241 6588-6592 IN denotes upon
T8242 6593-6602 JJ denotes sustained
T8243 6612-6620 NN denotes activity
T8244 6603-6611 NN denotes promoter
T8245 6620-6621 . denotes .
T8246 6621-6844 sentence denotes The brevity of Snail gene and protein induction in TGF-β2 treated cultured keratinocytes resembled the temporal appearance of Snail mRNA and protein at the initiation of hair follicle morphogenesis in embryonic mouse skin.
T8247 6622-6625 DT denotes The
T8248 6626-6633 NN denotes brevity
T8249 6711-6720 VBD denotes resembled
T8250 6634-6636 IN denotes of
T8251 6637-6642 NN denotes Snail
T8252 6643-6647 NN denotes gene
T8253 6660-6669 NN denotes induction
T8254 6648-6651 CC denotes and
T8255 6652-6659 NN denotes protein
T8256 6670-6672 IN denotes in
T8257 6673-6676 NN denotes TGF
T8258 6677-6679 NN denotes β2
T8259 6676-6677 HYPH denotes -
T8260 6680-6687 VBN denotes treated
T8261 6697-6710 NNS denotes keratinocytes
T8262 6688-6696 VBN denotes cultured
T8263 6721-6724 DT denotes the
T8264 6734-6744 NN denotes appearance
T8265 6725-6733 JJ denotes temporal
T8266 6745-6747 IN denotes of
T8267 6748-6753 NN denotes Snail
T8268 6754-6758 NN denotes mRNA
T8269 6759-6762 CC denotes and
T8270 6763-6770 NN denotes protein
T8271 6771-6773 IN denotes at
T8272 6774-6777 DT denotes the
T8273 6778-6788 NN denotes initiation
T8274 6789-6791 IN denotes of
T8275 6792-6796 NN denotes hair
T8276 6797-6805 NN denotes follicle
T8277 6806-6819 NN denotes morphogenesis
T8278 6820-6822 IN denotes in
T8279 6823-6832 JJ denotes embryonic
T8280 6839-6843 NN denotes skin
T8281 6833-6838 NN denotes mouse
T8282 6843-6844 . denotes .
T8283 6844-7010 sentence denotes To test whether TGF-β2 might be required for Snail induction in hair bud formation in vivo, we first analyzed whether TGF-β2 was expressed in or around the hair bud.
T8284 6845-6847 TO denotes To
T8285 6848-6852 VB denotes test
T8286 6946-6954 VBD denotes analyzed
T8287 6853-6860 IN denotes whether
T8288 6877-6885 VBN denotes required
T8289 6861-6864 NN denotes TGF
T8290 6865-6867 NN denotes β2
T8291 6864-6865 HYPH denotes -
T8292 6868-6873 MD denotes might
T8293 6874-6876 VB denotes be
T8294 6886-6889 IN denotes for
T8295 6890-6895 NN denotes Snail
T8296 6896-6905 NN denotes induction
T8297 6906-6908 IN denotes in
T8298 6909-6913 NN denotes hair
T8299 6914-6917 NN denotes bud
T8300 6918-6927 NN denotes formation
T8301 6928-6930 FW denotes in
T8302 6931-6935 FW denotes vivo
T8303 6935-6937 , denotes ,
T8304 6937-6939 PRP denotes we
T8305 6940-6945 RB denotes first
T8306 6955-6962 IN denotes whether
T8307 6974-6983 VBN denotes expressed
T8308 6963-6966 NN denotes TGF
T8309 6967-6969 NN denotes β2
T8310 6966-6967 HYPH denotes -
T8311 6970-6973 VBD denotes was
T8312 6984-6986 IN denotes in
T8313 6987-6989 CC denotes or
T8314 6990-6996 IN denotes around
T8315 6997-7000 DT denotes the
T8316 7006-7009 NN denotes bud
T8317 7001-7005 NN denotes hair
T8318 7009-7010 . denotes .
T8319 7010-7120 sentence denotes Consistent with previous observations [33], an anti-TGF-β2 antibody labeled developing hair buds (Figure 6A).
T8320 7011-7021 JJ denotes Consistent
T8321 7079-7086 VBD denotes labeled
T8322 7022-7026 IN denotes with
T8323 7027-7035 JJ denotes previous
T8324 7036-7048 NNS denotes observations
T8325 7049-7050 -LRB- denotes [
T8326 7050-7052 CD denotes 33
T8327 7052-7053 -RRB- denotes ]
T8328 7053-7055 , denotes ,
T8329 7055-7057 DT denotes an
T8330 7070-7078 NN denotes antibody
T8331 7058-7066 JJ denotes anti-TGF
T8332 7067-7069 NN denotes β2
T8333 7066-7067 HYPH denotes -
T8334 7087-7097 VBG denotes developing
T8335 7103-7107 NNS denotes buds
T8336 7098-7102 NN denotes hair
T8337 7108-7109 -LRB- denotes (
T8338 7116-7118 NN denotes 6A
T8339 7109-7115 NN denotes Figure
T8340 7118-7119 -RRB- denotes )
T8341 7119-7120 . denotes .
T8342 7120-7276 sentence denotes This labeling appeared to be specific as judged by the lack of staining in follicle buds from mice homozygous for a TGF-β2 null mutation (Figure 6A; [34]).
T8343 7121-7125 DT denotes This
T8344 7126-7134 NN denotes labeling
T8345 7135-7143 VBD denotes appeared
T8346 7144-7146 TO denotes to
T8347 7147-7149 VB denotes be
T8348 7150-7158 JJ denotes specific
T8349 7159-7161 IN denotes as
T8350 7162-7168 VBN denotes judged
T8351 7169-7171 IN denotes by
T8352 7172-7175 DT denotes the
T8353 7176-7180 NN denotes lack
T8354 7181-7183 IN denotes of
T8355 7184-7192 NN denotes staining
T8356 7193-7195 IN denotes in
T8357 7196-7204 NN denotes follicle
T8358 7205-7209 NNS denotes buds
T8359 7210-7214 IN denotes from
T8360 7215-7219 NNS denotes mice
T8361 7220-7230 JJ denotes homozygous
T8362 7231-7234 IN denotes for
T8363 7235-7236 DT denotes a
T8364 7249-7257 NN denotes mutation
T8365 7237-7240 NN denotes TGF
T8366 7241-7243 NN denotes β2
T8367 7240-7241 HYPH denotes -
T8368 7244-7248 JJ denotes null
T8369 7258-7259 -LRB- denotes (
T8370 7271-7273 CD denotes 34
T8371 7259-7265 NN denotes Figure
T8372 7266-7268 NN denotes 6A
T8373 7268-7269 : denotes ;
T8374 7270-7271 -LRB- denotes [
T8375 7273-7274 -RRB- denotes ]
T8376 7274-7275 -RRB- denotes )
T8377 7275-7276 . denotes .
T8378 7276-7409 sentence denotes Moreover, the downstream effector of TGF-β2 signaling, pSMAD2, was also expressed in WT, but not TGF-β2-null, hair buds (Figure 6B).
T8379 7277-7285 RB denotes Moreover
T8380 7349-7358 VBN denotes expressed
T8381 7285-7287 , denotes ,
T8382 7287-7290 DT denotes the
T8383 7302-7310 NN denotes effector
T8384 7291-7301 JJ denotes downstream
T8385 7311-7313 IN denotes of
T8386 7314-7317 NN denotes TGF
T8387 7318-7320 NN denotes β2
T8388 7317-7318 HYPH denotes -
T8389 7321-7330 NN denotes signaling
T8390 7330-7332 , denotes ,
T8391 7332-7338 NN denotes pSMAD2
T8392 7338-7340 , denotes ,
T8393 7340-7343 VBD denotes was
T8394 7344-7348 RB denotes also
T8395 7359-7361 IN denotes in
T8396 7362-7364 NN denotes WT
T8397 7392-7396 NNS denotes buds
T8398 7364-7366 , denotes ,
T8399 7366-7369 CC denotes but
T8400 7370-7373 RB denotes not
T8401 7374-7377 NN denotes TGF
T8402 7378-7380 NN denotes β2
T8403 7377-7378 HYPH denotes -
T8404 7381-7385 JJ denotes null
T8405 7380-7381 HYPH denotes -
T8406 7385-7387 , denotes ,
T8407 7387-7391 NN denotes hair
T8408 7397-7398 -LRB- denotes (
T8409 7405-7407 NN denotes 6B
T8410 7398-7404 NN denotes Figure
T8411 7407-7408 -RRB- denotes )
T8412 7408-7409 . denotes .
T8413 7409-7562 sentence denotes Together, these data underscore the importance of the TGF-β2 isoform despite expression of both TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 in developing hair buds at this stage.
T8414 7410-7418 RB denotes Together
T8415 7431-7441 VBP denotes underscore
T8416 7418-7420 , denotes ,
T8417 7420-7425 DT denotes these
T8418 7426-7430 NNS denotes data
T8419 7442-7445 DT denotes the
T8420 7446-7456 NN denotes importance
T8421 7457-7459 IN denotes of
T8422 7460-7463 DT denotes the
T8423 7471-7478 NN denotes isoform
T8424 7464-7467 NN denotes TGF
T8425 7468-7470 NN denotes β2
T8426 7467-7468 HYPH denotes -
T8427 7479-7486 IN denotes despite
T8428 7487-7497 NN denotes expression
T8429 7498-7500 IN denotes of
T8430 7501-7505 CC denotes both
T8431 7510-7512 NN denotes β1
T8432 7506-7509 NN denotes TGF
T8433 7509-7510 HYPH denotes -
T8434 7513-7516 CC denotes and
T8435 7517-7520 NN denotes TGF
T8436 7521-7523 NN denotes β2
T8437 7520-7521 HYPH denotes -
T8438 7524-7526 IN denotes in
T8439 7527-7537 VBG denotes developing
T8440 7543-7547 NNS denotes buds
T8441 7538-7542 NN denotes hair
T8442 7548-7550 IN denotes at
T8443 7551-7555 DT denotes this
T8444 7556-7561 NN denotes stage
T8445 7561-7562 . denotes .
T8446 7562-8693 sentence denotes Figure 6 TGF-β2 Is Necessary to Induce Snail Expression and Regulate Proliferation and E-Cadherin in the Hair Bud (A–D) Skins from TGF-β2 WT or KO E17.5 embryos were analyzed for expression of TGF-β2 protein (A), which is present in the epidermis and dermis as previously described [33] and in the hair bud, pSMAD2 (B), Snail (C), and Snail mRNA (D). Arrows point to the hair buds. (E) Western blot analyses of Snail expression in the skins of 2-wk-old K14-Smad2 transgenic (SMAD2 TG) and WT littermate (WT) mice. Antibody to tubulin was used as a control for equal protein loadings. The K14-Smad2 Tg mouse was previously shown to possess activated TGF-β signaling [35]. (F–G) Proliferation markers Ki67 (F) and pMAPK (G) are diminished in TGF-β2-null hair relative to its WT counterpart. (H–J) TGF-β2-null hair fails to down-regulate E-cadherin (H). Wnt and noggin signaling pathways are still intact in the TGF-β2 null hair as nuclear LEF-1 (I) and nuclear β-catenin (J) are still expressed. To further explore the possible relation between Snail and TGF-β2, we examined the status of Snail expression in TGF-β2-null hair buds.
T8447 8558-8560 TO denotes To
T8448 8569-8576 VB denotes explore
T8449 8561-8568 RB denotes further
T8450 8628-8636 VBD denotes examined
T8451 8577-8580 DT denotes the
T8452 8590-8598 NN denotes relation
T8453 8581-8589 JJ denotes possible
T8454 8599-8606 IN denotes between
T8455 8607-8612 NN denotes Snail
T8456 8613-8616 CC denotes and
T8457 8617-8620 NN denotes TGF
T8458 8621-8623 NN denotes β2
T8459 8620-8621 HYPH denotes -
T8460 8623-8625 , denotes ,
T8461 8625-8627 PRP denotes we
T8462 8637-8640 DT denotes the
T8463 8641-8647 NN denotes status
T8464 8648-8650 IN denotes of
T8465 8651-8656 NN denotes Snail
T8466 8657-8667 NN denotes expression
T8467 8668-8670 IN denotes in
T8468 8671-8674 NN denotes TGF
T8469 8675-8677 NN denotes β2
T8470 8674-8675 HYPH denotes -
T8471 8678-8682 JJ denotes null
T8472 8677-8678 HYPH denotes -
T8473 8688-8692 NNS denotes buds
T8474 8683-8687 NN denotes hair
T8475 8692-8693 . denotes .
T8476 8693-8846 sentence denotes As judged by immunohistochemistry, Snail protein was absent from E17.5 skin of TGF-β2-null embryos but not from that of control littermates (Figure 6C).
T8477 8694-8696 IN denotes As
T8478 8697-8703 VBN denotes judged
T8479 8743-8746 VBD denotes was
T8480 8704-8706 IN denotes by
T8481 8707-8727 NN denotes immunohistochemistry
T8482 8727-8729 , denotes ,
T8483 8729-8734 NN denotes Snail
T8484 8735-8742 NN denotes protein
T8485 8747-8753 JJ denotes absent
T8486 8754-8758 IN denotes from
T8487 8759-8764 NN denotes E17.5
T8488 8765-8769 NN denotes skin
T8489 8770-8772 IN denotes of
T8490 8773-8776 NN denotes TGF
T8491 8777-8779 NN denotes β2
T8492 8776-8777 HYPH denotes -
T8493 8780-8784 JJ denotes null
T8494 8779-8780 HYPH denotes -
T8495 8785-8792 NNS denotes embryos
T8496 8793-8796 CC denotes but
T8497 8797-8800 RB denotes not
T8498 8801-8805 IN denotes from
T8499 8806-8810 DT denotes that
T8500 8811-8813 IN denotes of
T8501 8814-8821 NN denotes control
T8502 8822-8833 NNS denotes littermates
T8503 8834-8835 -LRB- denotes (
T8504 8842-8844 NN denotes 6C
T8505 8835-8841 NN denotes Figure
T8506 8844-8845 -RRB- denotes )
T8507 8845-8846 . denotes .
T8508 8846-9081 sentence denotes This effect appeared to be exerted at the transcriptional level, since Snail mRNAs were also not found in TGF-β2 null hair buds under conditions in which the signal was readily detected in the hair buds of littermate skin (Figure 6D).
T8509 8847-8851 DT denotes This
T8510 8852-8858 NN denotes effect
T8511 8859-8867 VBD denotes appeared
T8512 8868-8870 TO denotes to
T8513 8874-8881 VBN denotes exerted
T8514 8871-8873 VB denotes be
T8515 8882-8884 IN denotes at
T8516 8885-8888 DT denotes the
T8517 8905-8910 NN denotes level
T8518 8889-8904 JJ denotes transcriptional
T8519 8910-8912 , denotes ,
T8520 8912-8917 IN denotes since
T8521 8944-8949 VBN denotes found
T8522 8918-8923 NN denotes Snail
T8523 8924-8929 NNS denotes mRNAs
T8524 8930-8934 VBD denotes were
T8525 8935-8939 RB denotes also
T8526 8940-8943 RB denotes not
T8527 8950-8952 IN denotes in
T8528 8953-8956 NN denotes TGF
T8529 8957-8959 NN denotes β2
T8530 8956-8957 HYPH denotes -
T8531 8960-8964 JJ denotes null
T8532 8970-8974 NNS denotes buds
T8533 8965-8969 NN denotes hair
T8534 8975-8980 IN denotes under
T8535 8981-8991 NNS denotes conditions
T8536 8992-8994 IN denotes in
T8537 9024-9032 VBN denotes detected
T8538 8995-9000 WDT denotes which
T8539 9001-9004 DT denotes the
T8540 9005-9011 NN denotes signal
T8541 9012-9015 VBD denotes was
T8542 9016-9023 RB denotes readily
T8543 9033-9035 IN denotes in
T8544 9036-9039 DT denotes the
T8545 9045-9049 NNS denotes buds
T8546 9040-9044 NN denotes hair
T8547 9050-9052 IN denotes of
T8548 9053-9063 NN denotes littermate
T8549 9064-9068 NN denotes skin
T8550 9069-9070 -LRB- denotes (
T8551 9077-9079 NN denotes 6D
T8552 9070-9076 NN denotes Figure
T8553 9079-9080 -RRB- denotes )
T8554 9080-9081 . denotes .
T8555 9081-9292 sentence denotes Conversely, in 2-wk-old K14-Smad2 Tg mice, which display elevated TGF-β signaling in skin [35], Snail protein was readily detected by Western blot analyses, where it was not found in postnatal skin (Figure 6E).
T8556 9082-9092 RB denotes Conversely
T8557 9204-9212 VBN denotes detected
T8558 9092-9094 , denotes ,
T8559 9094-9096 IN denotes in
T8560 9097-9098 CD denotes 2
T8561 9099-9101 NN denotes wk
T8562 9098-9099 HYPH denotes -
T8563 9102-9105 JJ denotes old
T8564 9101-9102 HYPH denotes -
T8565 9119-9123 NNS denotes mice
T8566 9106-9109 NN denotes K14
T8567 9110-9115 NN denotes Smad2
T8568 9109-9110 HYPH denotes -
T8569 9116-9118 NN denotes Tg
T8570 9123-9125 , denotes ,
T8571 9125-9130 WDT denotes which
T8572 9131-9138 VBP denotes display
T8573 9139-9147 VBN denotes elevated
T8574 9154-9163 NN denotes signaling
T8575 9148-9151 NN denotes TGF
T8576 9152-9153 NN denotes β
T8577 9151-9152 HYPH denotes -
T8578 9164-9166 IN denotes in
T8579 9167-9171 NN denotes skin
T8580 9172-9173 -LRB- denotes [
T8581 9173-9175 CD denotes 35
T8582 9175-9176 -RRB- denotes ]
T8583 9176-9178 , denotes ,
T8584 9178-9183 NN denotes Snail
T8585 9184-9191 NN denotes protein
T8586 9192-9195 VBD denotes was
T8587 9196-9203 RB denotes readily
T8588 9213-9215 IN denotes by
T8589 9216-9223 NNP denotes Western
T8590 9224-9228 NN denotes blot
T8591 9229-9237 NNS denotes analyses
T8592 9237-9239 , denotes ,
T8593 9239-9244 WRB denotes where
T8594 9256-9261 VBN denotes found
T8595 9245-9247 PRP denotes it
T8596 9248-9251 VBD denotes was
T8597 9252-9255 RB denotes not
T8598 9262-9264 IN denotes in
T8599 9265-9274 JJ denotes postnatal
T8600 9275-9279 NN denotes skin
T8601 9280-9281 -LRB- denotes (
T8602 9288-9290 NN denotes 6E
T8603 9281-9287 NN denotes Figure
T8604 9290-9291 -RRB- denotes )
T8605 9291-9292 . denotes .
T8606 9292-9476 sentence denotes Taken together, these results provide compelling evidence that TGF-β2 is functionally important for inducing Snail gene expression in a pSMAD-dependent manner in developing hair buds.
T8607 9293-9298 VBN denotes Taken
T8608 9323-9330 VBP denotes provide
T8609 9299-9307 RB denotes together
T8610 9307-9309 , denotes ,
T8611 9309-9314 DT denotes these
T8612 9315-9322 NNS denotes results
T8613 9331-9341 JJ denotes compelling
T8614 9342-9350 NN denotes evidence
T8615 9351-9355 IN denotes that
T8616 9363-9365 VBZ denotes is
T8617 9356-9359 NN denotes TGF
T8618 9360-9362 NN denotes β2
T8619 9359-9360 HYPH denotes -
T8620 9366-9378 RB denotes functionally
T8621 9379-9388 JJ denotes important
T8622 9389-9392 IN denotes for
T8623 9393-9401 VBG denotes inducing
T8624 9402-9407 NN denotes Snail
T8625 9413-9423 NN denotes expression
T8626 9408-9412 NN denotes gene
T8627 9424-9426 IN denotes in
T8628 9427-9428 DT denotes a
T8629 9445-9451 NN denotes manner
T8630 9429-9434 NN denotes pSMAD
T8631 9435-9444 JJ denotes dependent
T8632 9434-9435 HYPH denotes -
T8633 9452-9454 IN denotes in
T8634 9455-9465 VBG denotes developing
T8635 9471-9475 NNS denotes buds
T8636 9466-9470 NN denotes hair
T8637 9475-9476 . denotes .
T8638 9476-9580 sentence denotes Whether pMARK activity also contributes to Snail induction was not addressed in the present study [15].
T8639 9477-9484 IN denotes Whether
T8640 9505-9516 VBZ denotes contributes
T8641 9485-9490 NN denotes pMARK
T8642 9491-9499 NN denotes activity
T8643 9500-9504 RB denotes also
T8644 9544-9553 VBN denotes addressed
T8645 9517-9519 IN denotes to
T8646 9520-9525 NN denotes Snail
T8647 9526-9535 NN denotes induction
T8648 9536-9539 VBD denotes was
T8649 9540-9543 RB denotes not
T8650 9554-9556 IN denotes in
T8651 9557-9560 DT denotes the
T8652 9569-9574 NN denotes study
T8653 9561-9568 JJ denotes present
T8654 9575-9576 -LRB- denotes [
T8655 9576-9578 CD denotes 15
T8656 9578-9579 -RRB- denotes ]
T8657 9579-9580 . denotes .
T8658 9580-9690 sentence denotes Although some hair buds still formed in TGF-β2 null skin, their number was reduced by approximately 50% [32].
T8659 9581-9589 IN denotes Although
T8660 9611-9617 VBD denotes formed
T8661 9590-9594 DT denotes some
T8662 9600-9604 NNS denotes buds
T8663 9595-9599 NN denotes hair
T8664 9605-9610 RB denotes still
T8665 9656-9663 VBN denotes reduced
T8666 9618-9620 IN denotes in
T8667 9621-9624 NN denotes TGF
T8668 9625-9627 NN denotes β2
T8669 9624-9625 HYPH denotes -
T8670 9628-9632 JJ denotes null
T8671 9633-9637 NN denotes skin
T8672 9637-9639 , denotes ,
T8673 9639-9644 PRP$ denotes their
T8674 9645-9651 NN denotes number
T8675 9652-9655 VBD denotes was
T8676 9664-9666 IN denotes by
T8677 9667-9680 RB denotes approximately
T8678 9681-9683 CD denotes 50
T8679 9683-9684 NN denotes %
T8680 9685-9686 -LRB- denotes [
T8681 9686-9688 CD denotes 32
T8682 9688-9689 -RRB- denotes ]
T8683 9689-9690 . denotes .
T8684 9690-9858 sentence denotes Thus, although the pathway mediated by TGF-β2 signaling impacts the earliest step of epithelial invagination, it does not appear to be essential for bud morphogenesis.
T8685 9691-9695 RB denotes Thus
T8686 9813-9819 VB denotes appear
T8687 9695-9697 , denotes ,
T8688 9697-9705 IN denotes although
T8689 9747-9754 VBZ denotes impacts
T8690 9706-9709 DT denotes the
T8691 9710-9717 NN denotes pathway
T8692 9718-9726 VBN denotes mediated
T8693 9727-9729 IN denotes by
T8694 9730-9733 NN denotes TGF
T8695 9734-9736 NN denotes β2
T8696 9733-9734 HYPH denotes -
T8697 9737-9746 NN denotes signaling
T8698 9755-9758 DT denotes the
T8699 9768-9772 NN denotes step
T8700 9759-9767 JJS denotes earliest
T8701 9773-9775 IN denotes of
T8702 9776-9786 JJ denotes epithelial
T8703 9787-9799 NN denotes invagination
T8704 9799-9801 , denotes ,
T8705 9801-9803 PRP denotes it
T8706 9804-9808 VBZ denotes does
T8707 9809-9812 RB denotes not
T8708 9820-9822 TO denotes to
T8709 9823-9825 VB denotes be
T8710 9826-9835 JJ denotes essential
T8711 9836-9839 IN denotes for
T8712 9840-9843 NN denotes bud
T8713 9844-9857 NN denotes morphogenesis
T8714 9857-9858 . denotes .
T8715 9858-10132 sentence denotes Consistent with this notion, basement membrane remodeling still took place in the TGF-β2-null buds, as judged by immunofluorescence with antibodies against β4 integrin, an integral component of keratinocyte-mediated adhesion to its underlying basement membrane (Figure 6F).
T8716 9859-9869 JJ denotes Consistent
T8717 9923-9927 VBD denotes took
T8718 9870-9874 IN denotes with
T8719 9875-9879 DT denotes this
T8720 9880-9886 NN denotes notion
T8721 9886-9888 , denotes ,
T8722 9888-9896 NN denotes basement
T8723 9897-9905 NN denotes membrane
T8724 9906-9916 NN denotes remodeling
T8725 9917-9922 RB denotes still
T8726 9928-9933 RP denotes place
T8727 9934-9936 IN denotes in
T8728 9937-9940 DT denotes the
T8729 9953-9957 NNS denotes buds
T8730 9941-9944 NN denotes TGF
T8731 9945-9947 NN denotes β2
T8732 9944-9945 HYPH denotes -
T8733 9948-9952 JJ denotes null
T8734 9947-9948 HYPH denotes -
T8735 9957-9959 , denotes ,
T8736 9959-9961 IN denotes as
T8737 9962-9968 VBN denotes judged
T8738 9969-9971 IN denotes by
T8739 9972-9990 NN denotes immunofluorescence
T8740 9991-9995 IN denotes with
T8741 9996-10006 NNS denotes antibodies
T8742 10007-10014 IN denotes against
T8743 10015-10017 NN denotes β4
T8744 10018-10026 NN denotes integrin
T8745 10026-10028 , denotes ,
T8746 10028-10030 DT denotes an
T8747 10040-10049 NN denotes component
T8748 10031-10039 JJ denotes integral
T8749 10050-10052 IN denotes of
T8750 10053-10065 NN denotes keratinocyte
T8751 10066-10074 VBN denotes mediated
T8752 10065-10066 HYPH denotes -
T8753 10075-10083 NN denotes adhesion
T8754 10084-10086 IN denotes to
T8755 10087-10090 PRP$ denotes its
T8756 10111-10119 NN denotes membrane
T8757 10091-10101 JJ denotes underlying
T8758 10102-10110 NN denotes basement
T8759 10120-10121 -LRB- denotes (
T8760 10128-10130 NN denotes 6F
T8761 10121-10127 NN denotes Figure
T8762 10130-10131 -RRB- denotes )
T8763 10131-10132 . denotes .
T8764 10132-10343 sentence denotes In contrast, TGF-β2 signaling appeared to be an important factor for the early proliferation that occurs in the developing hair buds, as judged by anti-Ki67 and anti-pMAPK immunofluorescence (Figure 6F and 6G).
T8765 10133-10135 IN denotes In
T8766 10163-10171 VBD denotes appeared
T8767 10136-10144 NN denotes contrast
T8768 10144-10146 , denotes ,
T8769 10146-10149 NN denotes TGF
T8770 10150-10152 NN denotes β2
T8771 10149-10150 HYPH denotes -
T8772 10153-10162 NN denotes signaling
T8773 10172-10174 TO denotes to
T8774 10175-10177 VB denotes be
T8775 10178-10180 DT denotes an
T8776 10191-10197 NN denotes factor
T8777 10181-10190 JJ denotes important
T8778 10198-10201 IN denotes for
T8779 10202-10205 DT denotes the
T8780 10212-10225 NN denotes proliferation
T8781 10206-10211 JJ denotes early
T8782 10226-10230 WDT denotes that
T8783 10231-10237 VBZ denotes occurs
T8784 10238-10240 IN denotes in
T8785 10241-10244 DT denotes the
T8786 10261-10265 NNS denotes buds
T8787 10245-10255 VBG denotes developing
T8788 10256-10260 NN denotes hair
T8789 10265-10267 , denotes ,
T8790 10267-10269 IN denotes as
T8791 10270-10276 VBN denotes judged
T8792 10277-10279 IN denotes by
T8793 10280-10289 JJ denotes anti-Ki67
T8794 10305-10323 NN denotes immunofluorescence
T8795 10290-10293 CC denotes and
T8796 10294-10304 JJ denotes anti-pMAPK
T8797 10324-10325 -LRB- denotes (
T8798 10332-10334 NN denotes 6F
T8799 10325-10331 NN denotes Figure
T8800 10335-10338 CC denotes and
T8801 10339-10341 NN denotes 6G
T8802 10341-10342 -RRB- denotes )
T8803 10342-10343 . denotes .
T8804 10343-10515 sentence denotes If TGF-β2 stimulates Snail expression in developing buds, loss of this morphogen would be expected to affect the expression of genes that are typically repressed by Snail.
T8805 10344-10346 IN denotes If
T8806 10354-10364 VBZ denotes stimulates
T8807 10347-10350 NN denotes TGF
T8808 10351-10353 NN denotes β2
T8809 10350-10351 HYPH denotes -
T8810 10434-10442 VBN denotes expected
T8811 10365-10370 NN denotes Snail
T8812 10371-10381 NN denotes expression
T8813 10382-10384 IN denotes in
T8814 10385-10395 VBG denotes developing
T8815 10396-10400 NNS denotes buds
T8816 10400-10402 , denotes ,
T8817 10402-10406 NN denotes loss
T8818 10407-10409 IN denotes of
T8819 10410-10414 DT denotes this
T8820 10415-10424 NN denotes morphogen
T8821 10425-10430 MD denotes would
T8822 10431-10433 VB denotes be
T8823 10443-10445 TO denotes to
T8824 10446-10452 VB denotes affect
T8825 10453-10456 DT denotes the
T8826 10457-10467 NN denotes expression
T8827 10468-10470 IN denotes of
T8828 10471-10476 NNS denotes genes
T8829 10477-10481 WDT denotes that
T8830 10496-10505 VBN denotes repressed
T8831 10482-10485 VBP denotes are
T8832 10486-10495 RB denotes typically
T8833 10506-10508 IN denotes by
T8834 10509-10514 NN denotes Snail
T8835 10514-10515 . denotes .
T8836 10515-10660 sentence denotes Since a major target for Snail-mediated repression is the E-cadherin gene [12,13], we investigated the status of E-cadherin in TGF-β2-null buds.
T8837 10516-10521 IN denotes Since
T8838 10567-10569 VBZ denotes is
T8839 10522-10523 DT denotes a
T8840 10530-10536 NN denotes target
T8841 10524-10529 JJ denotes major
T8842 10537-10540 IN denotes for
T8843 10541-10546 NN denotes Snail
T8844 10547-10555 VBN denotes mediated
T8845 10546-10547 HYPH denotes -
T8846 10556-10566 NN denotes repression
T8847 10602-10614 VBD denotes investigated
T8848 10570-10573 DT denotes the
T8849 10585-10589 NN denotes gene
T8850 10574-10575 NN denotes E
T8851 10576-10584 NN denotes cadherin
T8852 10575-10576 HYPH denotes -
T8853 10590-10591 -LRB- denotes [
T8854 10594-10596 CD denotes 13
T8855 10591-10593 CD denotes 12
T8856 10593-10594 , denotes ,
T8857 10596-10597 -RRB- denotes ]
T8858 10597-10599 , denotes ,
T8859 10599-10601 PRP denotes we
T8860 10615-10618 DT denotes the
T8861 10619-10625 NN denotes status
T8862 10626-10628 IN denotes of
T8863 10629-10630 NN denotes E
T8864 10631-10639 NN denotes cadherin
T8865 10630-10631 HYPH denotes -
T8866 10640-10642 IN denotes in
T8867 10643-10646 NN denotes TGF
T8868 10647-10649 NN denotes β2
T8869 10646-10647 HYPH denotes -
T8870 10650-10654 JJ denotes null
T8871 10649-10650 HYPH denotes -
T8872 10655-10659 NNS denotes buds
T8873 10659-10660 . denotes .
T8874 10660-10795 sentence denotes As shown in Figure 6H, hair buds in TGF-β2 null skin displayed elevated immunofluorescence staining relative to their WT counterparts.
T8875 10661-10663 IN denotes As
T8876 10664-10669 VBN denotes shown
T8877 10714-10723 VBD denotes displayed
T8878 10670-10672 IN denotes in
T8879 10673-10679 NN denotes Figure
T8880 10680-10682 NN denotes 6H
T8881 10682-10684 , denotes ,
T8882 10684-10688 NN denotes hair
T8883 10689-10693 NNS denotes buds
T8884 10694-10696 IN denotes in
T8885 10697-10700 NN denotes TGF
T8886 10701-10703 NN denotes β2
T8887 10700-10701 HYPH denotes -
T8888 10704-10708 JJ denotes null
T8889 10709-10713 NN denotes skin
T8890 10724-10732 JJ denotes elevated
T8891 10752-10760 NN denotes staining
T8892 10733-10751 NN denotes immunofluorescence
T8893 10761-10769 JJ denotes relative
T8894 10770-10772 IN denotes to
T8895 10773-10778 PRP$ denotes their
T8896 10782-10794 NNS denotes counterparts
T8897 10779-10781 NN denotes WT
T8898 10794-10795 . denotes .
T8899 10795-11044 sentence denotes Previously we demonstrated that the concerted action of the extracellular signals Wnt and noggin are required for the generation of a LEF-1/β-catenin transcription complex to repress E-cadherin transcription at the onset of hair fate specification.
T8900 10796-10806 RB denotes Previously
T8901 10810-10822 VBD denotes demonstrated
T8902 10807-10809 PRP denotes we
T8903 10823-10827 IN denotes that
T8904 10897-10905 VBN denotes required
T8905 10828-10831 DT denotes the
T8906 10842-10848 NN denotes action
T8907 10832-10841 JJ denotes concerted
T8908 10849-10851 IN denotes of
T8909 10852-10855 DT denotes the
T8910 10870-10877 NNS denotes signals
T8911 10856-10869 JJ denotes extracellular
T8912 10878-10881 NN denotes Wnt
T8913 10882-10885 CC denotes and
T8914 10886-10892 NN denotes noggin
T8915 10893-10896 VBP denotes are
T8916 10906-10909 IN denotes for
T8917 10971-10978 VB denotes repress
T8918 10910-10913 DT denotes the
T8919 10914-10924 NN denotes generation
T8920 10925-10927 IN denotes of
T8921 10928-10929 DT denotes a
T8922 10960-10967 NN denotes complex
T8923 10930-10933 NN denotes LEF
T8924 10933-10934 HYPH denotes -
T8925 10934-10935 CD denotes 1
T8926 10935-10936 HYPH denotes /
T8927 10936-10937 NN denotes β
T8928 10938-10945 NN denotes catenin
T8929 10937-10938 HYPH denotes -
T8930 10946-10959 NN denotes transcription
T8931 10968-10970 TO denotes to
T8932 10979-10980 NN denotes E
T8933 10981-10989 NN denotes cadherin
T8934 10980-10981 HYPH denotes -
T8935 10990-11003 NN denotes transcription
T8936 11004-11006 IN denotes at
T8937 11007-11010 DT denotes the
T8938 11011-11016 NN denotes onset
T8939 11017-11019 IN denotes of
T8940 11020-11024 NN denotes hair
T8941 11025-11029 NN denotes fate
T8942 11030-11043 NN denotes specification
T8943 11043-11044 . denotes .
T8944 11044-11211 sentence denotes As shown in Figure 6I and 6J, both WT and TGF-β2 null buds exhibited nuclear LEF-1 and β-catenin localization, signs that the Wnt-noggin signaling pathway was intact.
T8945 11045-11047 IN denotes As
T8946 11048-11053 VBN denotes shown
T8947 11104-11113 VBD denotes exhibited
T8948 11054-11056 IN denotes in
T8949 11057-11063 NN denotes Figure
T8950 11064-11066 NN denotes 6I
T8951 11067-11070 CC denotes and
T8952 11071-11073 NN denotes 6J
T8953 11073-11075 , denotes ,
T8954 11075-11079 CC denotes both
T8955 11080-11082 NN denotes WT
T8956 11094-11098 JJ denotes null
T8957 11083-11086 CC denotes and
T8958 11087-11090 NN denotes TGF
T8959 11091-11093 NN denotes β2
T8960 11090-11091 HYPH denotes -
T8961 11099-11103 NNS denotes buds
T8962 11114-11121 JJ denotes nuclear
T8963 11142-11154 NN denotes localization
T8964 11122-11125 NN denotes LEF
T8965 11125-11126 HYPH denotes -
T8966 11126-11127 CD denotes 1
T8967 11128-11131 CC denotes and
T8968 11132-11133 NN denotes β
T8969 11134-11141 NN denotes catenin
T8970 11133-11134 HYPH denotes -
T8971 11154-11156 , denotes ,
T8972 11156-11161 NNS denotes signs
T8973 11162-11166 IN denotes that
T8974 11200-11203 VBD denotes was
T8975 11167-11170 DT denotes the
T8976 11192-11199 NN denotes pathway
T8977 11171-11174 NN denotes Wnt
T8978 11175-11181 NN denotes noggin
T8979 11174-11175 HYPH denotes -
T8980 11182-11191 NN denotes signaling
T8981 11204-11210 JJ denotes intact
T9019 11406-11408 , denotes ,
T9020 11408-11411 NN denotes TGF
T9021 11412-11414 NN denotes β2
T9022 11411-11412 HYPH denotes -
T9023 11423-11425 TO denotes to
T9024 11426-11430 VB denotes work
T9025 11431-11433 IN denotes in
T9026 11434-11440 NN denotes tandem
T9027 11441-11445 IN denotes with
T9028 11446-11451 DT denotes these
T9029 11458-11468 NNS denotes morphogens
T9030 11452-11457 JJ denotes other
T9031 11469-11471 TO denotes to
T9032 11477-11485 VB denotes regulate
T9033 11472-11476 RB denotes down
T9034 11476-11477 HYPH denotes -
T9035 11486-11487 NN denotes E
T9036 11488-11496 NN denotes cadherin
T9037 11487-11488 HYPH denotes -
T9038 11497-11503 NNS denotes levels
T9039 11503-11505 , denotes ,
T9040 11505-11510 WDT denotes which
T9041 11511-11522 VBZ denotes contributes
T9042 11523-11525 IN denotes to
T9043 11526-11529 DT denotes the
T9044 11530-11540 NN denotes activation
T9045 11541-11543 IN denotes of
T9046 11544-11557 JJ denotes proliferative
T9047 11558-11569 NNS denotes circuitries
T9048 11569-11570 . denotes .
T9016 11385-11390 NN denotes Snail
T9017 11396-11406 NN denotes expression
T9018 11391-11395 NN denotes gene
T8982 11210-11211 . denotes .
T8983 11211-11352 sentence denotes These data suggest that during hair follicle morphogenesis, TGF-β2 functions subsequently to Wnt/noggin-mediated determination of hair fate.
T8984 11212-11217 DT denotes These
T8985 11218-11222 NNS denotes data
T8986 11223-11230 VBP denotes suggest
T8987 11231-11235 IN denotes that
T8988 11279-11288 VBZ denotes functions
T8989 11236-11242 IN denotes during
T8990 11243-11247 NN denotes hair
T8991 11248-11256 NN denotes follicle
T8992 11257-11270 NN denotes morphogenesis
T8993 11270-11272 , denotes ,
T8994 11272-11275 NN denotes TGF
T8995 11276-11278 NN denotes β2
T8996 11275-11276 HYPH denotes -
T8997 11289-11301 RB denotes subsequently
T8998 11302-11304 IN denotes to
T8999 11305-11308 NN denotes Wnt
T9000 11309-11315 NN denotes noggin
T9001 11308-11309 HYPH denotes /
T9002 11316-11324 VBN denotes mediated
T9003 11315-11316 HYPH denotes -
T9004 11325-11338 NN denotes determination
T9005 11339-11341 IN denotes of
T9006 11342-11346 NN denotes hair
T9007 11347-11351 NN denotes fate
T9008 11351-11352 . denotes .
T9009 11352-11570 sentence denotes Moreover, through activation of Snail gene expression, TGF-β2 appears to work in tandem with these other morphogens to down-regulate E-cadherin levels, which contributes to the activation of proliferative circuitries.
T9010 11353-11361 RB denotes Moreover
T9011 11415-11422 VBZ denotes appears
T9012 11361-11363 , denotes ,
T9013 11363-11370 IN denotes through
T9014 11371-11381 NN denotes activation
T9015 11382-11384 IN denotes of
R4172 T7354 T7355 csubj Probing,Reveals
R4173 T7356 T7357 det the,Regulation
R4174 T7357 T7354 dobj Regulation,Probing
R4175 T7358 T7357 prep of,Regulation
R4176 T7359 T7360 compound Snail,Gene
R4177 T7360 T7361 compound Gene,Expression
R4178 T7361 T7358 pobj Expression,of
R4179 T7362 T7363 det an,Link
R4180 T7363 T7355 dobj Link,Reveals
R4181 T7364 T7363 amod Essential,Link
R4182 T7365 T7363 prep to,Link
R4183 T7366 T7367 compound TGF,β2
R4184 T7367 T7369 compound β2,Signaling
R4185 T7368 T7367 punct -,β2
R4186 T7369 T7365 pobj Signaling,to
R4187 T7370 T7355 prep in,Reveals
R4188 T7371 T7372 det the,Bud
R4189 T7372 T7370 pobj Bud,in
R4190 T7373 T7372 amod Developing,Bud
R4191 T7374 T7372 compound Hair,Bud
R4192 T7376 T7377 det The,spike
R4193 T7377 T7379 nsubj spike,prompted
R4194 T7378 T7377 amod temporal,spike
R4195 T7380 T7377 prep of,spike
R4196 T7381 T7382 compound Snail,expression
R4197 T7382 T7380 pobj expression,of
R4198 T7383 T7382 compound mRNA,expression
R4199 T7384 T7377 prep in,spike
R4200 T7385 T7386 det the,bud
R4201 T7386 T7384 pobj bud,in
R4202 T7387 T7386 compound hair,bud
R4203 T7388 T7379 dobj us,prompted
R4204 T7389 T7390 aux to,consider
R4205 T7390 T7379 xcomp consider,prompted
R4206 T7391 T7392 det what,factor
R4207 T7392 T7393 dep factor,regulating
R4208 T7393 T7390 ccomp regulating,consider
R4209 T7394 T7392 punct (,factor
R4210 T7395 T7392 nmod s,factor
R4211 T7396 T7392 punct ),factor
R4212 T7397 T7393 aux may,regulating
R4213 T7398 T7393 aux be,regulating
R4214 T7399 T7400 det the,gene
R4215 T7400 T7393 dobj gene,regulating
R4216 T7401 T7400 compound Snail,gene
R4217 T7402 T7379 punct .,prompted
R4218 T7404 T7405 det A,variety
R4219 T7405 T7406 nsubj variety,have
R4220 T7407 T7405 prep of,variety
R4221 T7408 T7409 amod extracellular,signals
R4222 T7409 T7407 pobj signals,of
R4223 T7410 T7411 det an,impact
R4224 T7411 T7406 dobj impact,have
R4225 T7412 T7411 prep on,impact
R4226 T7413 T7414 det the,expression
R4227 T7414 T7412 pobj expression,on
R4228 T7415 T7416 compound cell,type
R4229 T7416 T7417 npadvmod type,specific
R4230 T7417 T7414 amod specific,expression
R4231 T7418 T7417 punct -,specific
R4232 T7419 T7414 prep of,expression
R4233 T7420 T7421 amod different,members
R4234 T7421 T7419 pobj members,of
R4235 T7422 T7423 compound Snail,family
R4236 T7423 T7421 compound family,members
R4237 T7424 T7406 punct ", ",have
R4238 T7425 T7406 cc and,have
R4239 T7426 T7427 nsubj many,affect
R4240 T7427 T7406 conj affect,have
R4241 T7428 T7426 prep of,many
R4242 T7429 T7428 pobj them,of
R4243 T7430 T7426 punct ", ",many
R4244 T7431 T7426 prep including,many
R4245 T7432 T7431 pobj Wnts,including
R4246 T7433 T7432 punct ", ",Wnts
R4247 T7434 T7432 conj BMPs,Wnts
R4248 T7435 T7434 punct ", ",BMPs
R4249 T7436 T7434 conj FGFs,BMPs
R4250 T7437 T7436 punct ", ",FGFs
R4251 T7438 T7436 cc and,FGFs
R4252 T7439 T7440 compound TGF,βs
R4253 T7440 T7436 conj βs,FGFs
R4254 T7441 T7440 punct -,βs
R4255 T7442 T7427 punct ", ",affect
R4256 T7443 T7427 advmod also,affect
R4257 T7444 T7445 compound hair,bud
R4258 T7445 T7446 compound bud,development
R4259 T7446 T7427 dobj development,affect
R4260 T7447 T7448 punct [,28
R4261 T7448 T7427 parataxis 28,affect
R4262 T7449 T7448 nummod 2,28
R4263 T7450 T7448 punct ",",28
R4264 T7451 T7448 nummod 16,28
R4265 T7452 T7448 punct ",",28
R4266 T7453 T7448 punct ],28
R4267 T7454 T7427 punct .,affect
R4268 T7456 T7457 mark Since,expressed
R4269 T7457 T7461 advcl expressed,focused
R4270 T7458 T7457 nsubjpass Snail,expressed
R4271 T7459 T7457 auxpass is,expressed
R4272 T7460 T7457 neg not,expressed
R4273 T7462 T7457 prep in,expressed
R4274 T7463 T7464 amod cultured,keratinocytes
R4275 T7464 T7462 pobj keratinocytes,in
R4276 T7465 T7464 compound skin,keratinocytes
R4277 T7466 T7467 dep that,secrete
R4278 T7467 T7464 relcl secrete,keratinocytes
R4279 T7468 T7469 amod active,BMPs
R4280 T7469 T7467 dobj BMPs,secrete
R4281 T7470 T7469 cc and,BMPs
R4282 T7471 T7469 conj FGFs,BMPs
R4283 T7472 T7473 punct (,see
R4284 T7473 T7457 parataxis see,expressed
R4285 T7474 T7475 compound Figure,1B
R4286 T7475 T7473 dobj 1B,see
R4287 T7476 T7473 punct ),see
R4288 T7477 T7461 punct ", ",focused
R4289 T7478 T7461 nsubj we,focused
R4290 T7479 T7480 poss our,attention
R4291 T7480 T7461 dobj attention,focused
R4292 T7481 T7461 prep on,focused
R4293 T7482 T7483 nmod Wnt,signaling
R4294 T7483 T7481 pobj signaling,on
R4295 T7484 T7482 cc and,Wnt
R4296 T7485 T7486 compound TGF,β
R4297 T7486 T7482 conj β,Wnt
R4298 T7487 T7486 punct -,β
R4299 T7488 T7483 prep as,signaling
R4300 T7489 T7490 advmod more,likely
R4301 T7490 T7491 amod likely,candidates
R4302 T7491 T7488 pobj candidates,as
R4303 T7492 T7491 prep for,candidates
R4304 T7493 T7494 compound Snail,induction
R4305 T7494 T7492 pobj induction,for
R4306 T7495 T7491 prep in,candidates
R4307 T7496 T7497 det this,type
R4308 T7497 T7495 pobj type,in
R4309 T7498 T7497 compound cell,type
R4310 T7499 T7461 punct .,focused
R4311 T7501 T7502 advmod Previously,showed
R4312 T7503 T7502 punct ", ",showed
R4313 T7504 T7502 nsubj we,showed
R4314 T7505 T7506 mark that,achieved
R4315 T7506 T7502 ccomp achieved,showed
R4316 T7507 T7508 amod effective,transmission
R4317 T7508 T7506 nsubjpass transmission,achieved
R4318 T7509 T7508 prep of,transmission
R4319 T7510 T7511 det a,signal
R4320 T7511 T7509 pobj signal,of
R4321 T7512 T7511 nmod Wnt,signal
R4322 T7513 T7512 punct -,Wnt
R4323 T7514 T7512 nummod 3a,Wnt
R4324 T7515 T7508 prep in,transmission
R4325 T7516 T7517 amod cultured,keratinocytes
R4326 T7517 T7515 pobj keratinocytes,in
R4327 T7518 T7506 aux can,achieved
R4328 T7519 T7506 auxpass be,achieved
R4329 T7520 T7506 prep through,achieved
R4330 T7521 T7522 poss their,exposure
R4331 T7522 T7520 pobj exposure,through
R4332 T7523 T7522 prep to,exposure
R4333 T7524 T7525 det the,inhibitor
R4334 T7525 T7523 pobj inhibitor,to
R4335 T7526 T7525 compound BMP,inhibitor
R4336 T7527 T7525 appos noggin,inhibitor
R4337 T7528 T7525 punct ", ",inhibitor
R4338 T7529 T7530 dep which,induces
R4339 T7530 T7525 relcl induces,inhibitor
R4340 T7531 T7532 nmod LEF,expression
R4341 T7532 T7530 dobj expression,induces
R4342 T7533 T7531 punct -,LEF
R4343 T7534 T7531 nummod 1,LEF
R4344 T7535 T7536 punct [,4
R4345 T7536 T7502 parataxis 4,showed
R4346 T7537 T7536 punct ],4
R4347 T7538 T7502 punct .,showed
R4348 T7540 T7541 advmod In,vitro
R4349 T7541 T7542 advmod vitro,regulated
R4350 T7543 T7542 punct ", ",regulated
R4351 T7544 T7545 det these,conditions
R4352 T7545 T7542 nsubj conditions,regulated
R4353 T7546 T7542 advmod down,regulated
R4354 T7547 T7542 punct -,regulated
R4355 T7548 T7549 det the,promoter
R4356 T7549 T7542 dobj promoter,regulated
R4357 T7550 T7551 compound E,cadherin
R4358 T7551 T7549 compound cadherin,promoter
R4359 T7552 T7551 punct -,cadherin
R4360 T7553 T7542 cc and,regulated
R4361 T7554 T7542 conj induced,regulated
R4362 T7555 T7556 det a,gene
R4363 T7556 T7554 dobj gene,induced
R4364 T7557 T7558 npadvmod LEF,sensitive
R4365 T7558 T7556 amod sensitive,gene
R4366 T7559 T7557 punct -,LEF
R4367 T7560 T7557 nummod 1,LEF
R4368 T7561 T7557 punct /,LEF
R4369 T7562 T7563 compound β,catenin
R4370 T7563 T7557 appos catenin,LEF
R4371 T7564 T7563 punct -,catenin
R4372 T7565 T7558 punct -,sensitive
R4373 T7566 T7556 compound reporter,gene
R4374 T7567 T7556 punct ", ",gene
R4375 T7568 T7556 appos TOPFLASH,gene
R4376 T7569 T7570 punct [,4
R4377 T7570 T7554 parataxis 4,induced
R4378 T7571 T7570 punct ],4
R4379 T7572 T7542 punct .,regulated
R4380 T7574 T7575 prep In,induced
R4381 T7576 T7574 pobj contrast,In
R4382 T7577 T7575 punct ", ",induced
R4383 T7578 T7579 compound Snail,expression
R4384 T7579 T7575 nsubjpass expression,induced
R4385 T7580 T7575 auxpass was,induced
R4386 T7581 T7575 neg not,induced
R4387 T7582 T7575 agent by,induced
R4388 T7583 T7584 det these,conditions
R4389 T7584 T7582 pobj conditions,by
R4390 T7585 T7586 punct (,5A
R4391 T7586 T7575 parataxis 5A,induced
R4392 T7587 T7586 compound Figure,5A
R4393 T7588 T7586 punct ),5A
R4394 T7589 T7575 punct .,induced
R4395 T7591 T7592 advmod Thus,support
R4396 T7593 T7592 punct ", ",support
R4397 T7594 T7592 prep despite,support
R4398 T7595 T7596 amod essential,roles
R4399 T7596 T7594 pobj roles,despite
R4400 T7597 T7596 prep for,roles
R4401 T7598 T7597 pobj Wnts,for
R4402 T7599 T7598 cc and,Wnts
R4403 T7600 T7598 conj noggin,Wnts
R4404 T7601 T7596 prep in,roles
R4405 T7602 T7603 compound hair,follicle
R4406 T7603 T7604 compound follicle,specification
R4407 T7604 T7601 pobj specification,in
R4408 T7605 T7606 punct [,30
R4409 T7606 T7596 parataxis 30,roles
R4410 T7607 T7606 nummod 4,30
R4411 T7608 T7606 punct ",",30
R4412 T7609 T7606 nummod 29,30
R4413 T7610 T7606 punct ",",30
R4414 T7611 T7606 punct ],30
R4415 T7612 T7592 punct ", ",support
R4416 T7613 T7614 poss our,studies
R4417 T7614 T7592 nsubj studies,support
R4418 T7615 T7592 aux did,support
R4419 T7616 T7592 neg not,support
R4420 T7617 T7618 det an,role
R4421 T7618 T7592 dobj role,support
R4422 T7619 T7618 amod essential,role
R4423 T7620 T7618 prep for,role
R4424 T7621 T7622 det these,signals
R4425 T7622 T7620 pobj signals,for
R4426 T7623 T7618 prep in,role
R4427 T7624 T7623 pcomp governing,in
R4428 T7625 T7626 compound Snail,expression
R4429 T7626 T7624 dobj expression,governing
R4430 T7627 T7624 prep in,governing
R4431 T7628 T7627 pobj keratinocytes,in
R4432 T7629 T7592 punct .,support
R4433 T7631 T7632 compound TGF,β1
R4434 T7632 T7634 nsubjpass β1,shown
R4435 T7633 T7632 punct -,β1
R4436 T7635 T7634 aux has,shown
R4437 T7636 T7634 auxpass been,shown
R4438 T7637 T7638 aux to,induce
R4439 T7638 T7634 xcomp induce,shown
R4440 T7639 T7640 compound Snail,members
R4441 T7640 T7638 dobj members,induce
R4442 T7641 T7640 compound family,members
R4443 T7642 T7638 prep in,induce
R4444 T7643 T7642 pobj hepatocytes,in
R4445 T7644 T7643 cc and,hepatocytes
R4446 T7645 T7643 conj heart,hepatocytes
R4447 T7646 T7647 punct [,31
R4448 T7647 T7634 parataxis 31,shown
R4449 T7648 T7647 nummod 15,31
R4450 T7649 T7647 punct ", ",31
R4451 T7650 T7647 punct ],31
R4452 T7651 T7634 punct .,shown
R4453 T7653 T7654 prep In,inhibits
R4454 T7655 T7653 pobj keratinocytes,In
R4455 T7656 T7654 punct ", ",inhibits
R4456 T7657 T7654 advmod however,inhibits
R4457 T7658 T7654 punct ", ",inhibits
R4458 T7659 T7660 compound TGF,β1
R4459 T7660 T7654 nsubj β1,inhibits
R4460 T7661 T7660 punct -,β1
R4461 T7662 T7663 compound keratinocyte,growth
R4462 T7663 T7654 dobj growth,inhibits
R4463 T7664 T7654 cc and,inhibits
R4464 T7665 T7654 conj seems,inhibits
R4465 T7666 T7667 aux to,involved
R4466 T7667 T7665 xcomp involved,seems
R4467 T7668 T7667 auxpass be,involved
R4468 T7669 T7667 prep in,involved
R4469 T7670 T7669 pcomp triggering,in
R4470 T7671 T7672 det the,phase
R4471 T7672 T7670 dobj phase,triggering
R4472 T7673 T7672 amod destructive,phase
R4473 T7674 T7672 prep of,phase
R4474 T7675 T7676 det the,follicle
R4475 T7676 T7674 pobj follicle,of
R4476 T7677 T7676 amod cycling,follicle
R4477 T7678 T7676 compound hair,follicle
R4478 T7679 T7680 punct [,32
R4479 T7680 T7665 parataxis 32,seems
R4480 T7681 T7680 punct ],32
R4481 T7682 T7654 punct .,inhibits
R4482 T7684 T7685 prep Of,blocked
R4483 T7686 T7687 det the,mutations
R4484 T7687 T7684 pobj mutations,Of
R4485 T7688 T7687 nmod loss,mutations
R4486 T7689 T7688 punct -,loss
R4487 T7690 T7688 prep of,loss
R4488 T7691 T7690 punct -,of
R4489 T7692 T7690 pobj function,of
R4490 T7693 T7687 acl generated,mutations
R4491 T7694 T7693 prep in,generated
R4492 T7695 T7694 pobj each,in
R4493 T7696 T7695 prep of,each
R4494 T7697 T7698 det the,genes
R4495 T7698 T7696 pobj genes,of
R4496 T7699 T7700 compound TGF,β
R4497 T7700 T7698 compound β,genes
R4498 T7701 T7700 punct -,β
R4499 T7702 T7685 punct ", ",blocked
R4500 T7703 T7704 advmod only,state
R4501 T7704 T7685 nsubj state,blocked
R4502 T7705 T7704 det the,state
R4503 T7706 T7707 nmod TGF,β2
R4504 T7707 T7704 nmod β2,state
R4505 T7708 T7707 punct -,β2
R4506 T7709 T7704 amod null,state
R4507 T7710 T7711 compound follicle,development
R4508 T7711 T7685 dobj development,blocked
R4509 T7712 T7685 prep at,blocked
R4510 T7713 T7714 det the,stage
R4511 T7714 T7712 pobj stage,at
R4512 T7715 T7716 compound hair,bud
R4513 T7716 T7714 compound bud,stage
R4514 T7717 T7718 punct [,32
R4515 T7718 T7685 parataxis 32,blocked
R4516 T7719 T7718 punct ],32
R4517 T7720 T7685 punct .,blocked
R4518 T7722 T7723 advmod Thus,turned
R4519 T7724 T7723 punct ", ",turned
R4520 T7725 T7723 nsubj we,turned
R4521 T7726 T7723 prep towards,turned
R4522 T7727 T7726 pcomp addressing,towards
R4523 T7728 T7729 mark whether,involved
R4524 T7729 T7727 ccomp involved,addressing
R4525 T7730 T7731 compound TGF,β2
R4526 T7731 T7729 nsubjpass β2,involved
R4527 T7732 T7731 punct -,β2
R4528 T7733 T7729 aux might,involved
R4529 T7734 T7729 auxpass be,involved
R4530 T7735 T7729 prep in,involved
R4531 T7736 T7735 pcomp regulating,in
R4532 T7737 T7738 compound Snail,expression
R4533 T7738 T7736 dobj expression,regulating
R4534 T7739 T7736 prep in,regulating
R4535 T7740 T7739 pobj keratinocytes,in
R4536 T7741 T7740 acl isolated,keratinocytes
R4537 T7742 T7741 prep from,isolated
R4538 T7743 T7744 det the,layer
R4539 T7744 T7742 pobj layer,from
R4540 T7745 T7744 amod basal,layer
R4541 T7746 T7744 prep of,layer
R4542 T7747 T7748 det the,epidermis
R4543 T7748 T7746 pobj epidermis,of
R4544 T7749 T7723 punct .,turned
R4545 T7751 T7752 mark Though,is
R4546 T7752 T7754 advcl is,are
R4547 T7753 T7752 expl there,is
R4548 T7755 T7756 det no,system
R4549 T7756 T7752 attr system,is
R4550 T7757 T7758 compound cell,culture
R4551 T7758 T7756 compound culture,system
R4552 T7759 T7756 amod available,system
R4553 T7760 T7761 aux to,study
R4554 T7761 T7759 xcomp study,available
R4555 T7762 T7761 advmod specifically,study
R4556 T7763 T7764 amod placodal,cells
R4557 T7764 T7761 dobj cells,study
R4558 T7765 T7754 punct ", ",are
R4559 T7766 T7767 det these,keratinocytes
R4560 T7767 T7754 nsubj keratinocytes,are
R4561 T7768 T7769 poss their,progenitors
R4562 T7769 T7754 attr progenitors,are
R4563 T7770 T7754 cc and,are
R4564 T7771 T7754 conj are,are
R4565 T7772 T7773 det the,approximation
R4566 T7773 T7771 attr approximation,are
R4567 T7774 T7773 amod closest,approximation
R4568 T7775 T7773 amod available,approximation
R4569 T7776 T7777 aux to,study
R4570 T7777 T7775 xcomp study,available
R4571 T7778 T7779 det the,behavior
R4572 T7779 T7777 dobj behavior,study
R4573 T7780 T7779 prep of,behavior
R4574 T7781 T7782 amod epithelial,cells
R4575 T7782 T7780 pobj cells,of
R4576 T7783 T7782 prep of,cells
R4577 T7784 T7785 det the,placode
R4578 T7785 T7783 pobj placode,of
R4579 T7786 T7754 punct .,are
R4580 T7788 T7789 advmod Interestingly,caused
R4581 T7790 T7789 punct ", ",caused
R4582 T7791 T7789 nsubj treatment,caused
R4583 T7792 T7791 prep of,treatment
R4584 T7793 T7794 amod cultured,keratinocytes
R4585 T7794 T7792 pobj keratinocytes,of
R4586 T7795 T7791 prep with,treatment
R4587 T7796 T7797 advmod as,5
R4588 T7797 T7800 nummod 5,ng
R4589 T7798 T7797 amod little,5
R4590 T7799 T7797 quantmod as,5
R4591 T7800 T7795 pobj ng,with
R4592 T7801 T7802 punct /,ml
R4593 T7802 T7800 prep ml,ng
R4594 T7803 T7800 prep of,ng
R4595 T7804 T7805 compound TGF,β2
R4596 T7805 T7803 pobj β2,of
R4597 T7806 T7805 punct -,β2
R4598 T7807 T7808 det a,induction
R4599 T7808 T7789 dobj induction,caused
R4600 T7809 T7808 amod rapid,induction
R4601 T7810 T7809 cc and,rapid
R4602 T7811 T7809 conj transient,rapid
R4603 T7812 T7808 prep of,induction
R4604 T7813 T7812 pobj Snail,of
R4605 T7814 T7815 punct (,5B
R4606 T7815 T7789 parataxis 5B,caused
R4607 T7816 T7815 compound Figure,5B
R4608 T7817 T7815 punct ),5B
R4609 T7818 T7789 punct .,caused
R4610 T7820 T7821 prep Following,detected
R4611 T7822 T7823 det this,treatment
R4612 T7823 T7820 pobj treatment,Following
R4613 T7824 T7821 punct ", ",detected
R4614 T7825 T7826 compound Snail,protein
R4615 T7826 T7821 nsubjpass protein,detected
R4616 T7827 T7821 auxpass was,detected
R4617 T7828 T7821 prep within,detected
R4618 T7829 T7830 nummod 30,min
R4619 T7830 T7828 pobj min,within
R4620 T7831 T7821 punct ", ",detected
R4621 T7832 T7821 conj peaked,detected
R4622 T7833 T7832 prep at,peaked
R4623 T7834 T7835 nummod 2,h
R4624 T7835 T7833 pobj h,at
R4625 T7836 T7832 punct ", ",peaked
R4626 T7837 T7832 cc and,peaked
R4627 T7838 T7839 advmod then,declined
R4628 T7839 T7832 conj declined,peaked
R4629 T7840 T7839 advmod thereafter,declined
R4630 T7841 T7821 punct .,detected
R4631 T7843 T7844 det The,induction
R4632 T7844 T7845 nsubj induction,appeared
R4633 T7846 T7844 prep of,induction
R4634 T7847 T7846 pobj Snail,of
R4635 T7848 T7849 aux to,be
R4636 T7849 T7845 xcomp be,appeared
R4637 T7850 T7849 acomp specific,be
R4638 T7851 T7850 prep for,specific
R4639 T7852 T7853 det the,form
R4640 T7853 T7851 pobj form,for
R4641 T7854 T7853 amod active,form
R4642 T7855 T7853 prep of,form
R4643 T7856 T7857 det the,factor
R4644 T7857 T7855 pobj factor,of
R4645 T7858 T7857 compound growth,factor
R4646 T7859 T7849 punct ", ",be
R4647 T7860 T7861 mark as,obliterated
R4648 T7861 T7849 advcl obliterated,be
R4649 T7862 T7861 nsubj pretreatment,obliterated
R4650 T7863 T7862 prep of,pretreatment
R4651 T7864 T7865 compound TGF,β2
R4652 T7865 T7863 pobj β2,of
R4653 T7866 T7865 punct -,β2
R4654 T7867 T7862 prep for,pretreatment
R4655 T7868 T7869 nummod 10,min
R4656 T7869 T7867 pobj min,for
R4657 T7870 T7862 prep at,pretreatment
R4658 T7871 T7872 nummod 100,°C
R4659 T7872 T7870 pobj °C,at
R4660 T7873 T7874 det the,response
R4661 T7874 T7861 dobj response,obliterated
R4662 T7875 T7876 punct [,lanes
R4663 T7876 T7849 parataxis lanes,be
R4664 T7877 T7878 compound Figure,5B
R4665 T7878 T7876 dep 5B,lanes
R4666 T7879 T7876 punct ", ",lanes
R4667 T7880 T7876 acl marked,lanes
R4668 T7881 T7880 punct (,marked
R4669 T7882 T7880 oprd –,marked
R4670 T7883 T7876 punct ),lanes
R4671 T7884 T7876 punct ],lanes
R4672 T7885 T7845 punct .,appeared
R4673 T7887 T7888 prep By,maintained
R4674 T7889 T7887 pobj contrast,By
R4675 T7890 T7888 punct ", ",maintained
R4676 T7891 T7892 mark although,remained
R4677 T7892 T7888 advcl remained,maintained
R4678 T7893 T7894 compound TGF,β
R4679 T7894 T7896 compound β,receptor
R4680 T7895 T7894 punct -,β
R4681 T7896 T7897 compound receptor,activation
R4682 T7897 T7892 nsubj activation,remained
R4683 T7898 T7892 acomp elevated,remained
R4684 T7899 T7892 prep during,remained
R4685 T7900 T7901 det the,duration
R4686 T7901 T7899 pobj duration,during
R4687 T7902 T7901 prep of,duration
R4688 T7903 T7904 det the,experiment
R4689 T7904 T7902 pobj experiment,of
R4690 T7905 T7892 punct (,remained
R4691 T7906 T7907 mark as,measured
R4692 T7907 T7892 advcl measured,remained
R4693 T7908 T7907 prep by,measured
R4694 T7909 T7910 det the,phosphorylation
R4695 T7910 T7908 pobj phosphorylation,by
R4696 T7911 T7910 amod sustained,phosphorylation
R4697 T7912 T7910 prep of,phosphorylation
R4698 T7913 T7914 det the,effector
R4699 T7914 T7912 pobj effector,of
R4700 T7915 T7914 amod downstream,effector
R4701 T7916 T7914 appos SMAD2,effector
R4702 T7917 T7888 punct ),maintained
R4703 T7918 T7919 compound Snail,expression
R4704 T7919 T7888 nsubjpass expression,maintained
R4705 T7920 T7888 aux could,maintained
R4706 T7921 T7888 neg not,maintained
R4707 T7922 T7888 auxpass be,maintained
R4708 T7923 T7924 punct (,5B
R4709 T7924 T7888 parataxis 5B,maintained
R4710 T7925 T7924 compound Figure,5B
R4711 T7926 T7924 punct ),5B
R4712 T7927 T7888 punct .,maintained
R4713 T7929 T7930 advmod Thus,seemed
R4714 T7931 T7930 punct ", ",seemed
R4715 T7932 T7933 mark although,correlated
R4716 T7933 T7930 advcl correlated,seemed
R4717 T7934 T7935 compound Snail,expression
R4718 T7935 T7933 nsubj expression,correlated
R4719 T7936 T7933 prep with,correlated
R4720 T7937 T7938 amod phosphorylated,SMAD2
R4721 T7938 T7939 nmod SMAD2,induction
R4722 T7939 T7936 pobj induction,with
R4723 T7940 T7938 punct (,SMAD2
R4724 T7941 T7938 appos pSMAD2,SMAD2
R4725 T7942 T7939 punct ),induction
R4726 T7943 T7930 punct ", ",seemed
R4727 T7944 T7945 poss its,decline
R4728 T7945 T7930 nsubj decline,seemed
R4729 T7946 T7947 aux to,rely
R4730 T7947 T7930 xcomp rely,seemed
R4731 T7948 T7947 prep on,rely
R4732 T7949 T7950 amod secondary,events
R4733 T7950 T7948 pobj events,on
R4734 T7951 T7950 amod downstream,events
R4735 T7952 T7930 punct .,seemed
R4736 T7954 T7955 det The,kinetics
R4737 T7955 T7957 nsubjpass kinetics,reflected
R4738 T7956 T7955 amod rapid,kinetics
R4739 T7958 T7955 prep of,kinetics
R4740 T7959 T7960 compound Snail,expression
R4741 T7960 T7958 pobj expression,of
R4742 T7961 T7957 auxpass were,reflected
R4743 T7962 T7957 prep at,reflected
R4744 T7963 T7964 det the,level
R4745 T7964 T7962 pobj level,at
R4746 T7965 T7964 compound mRNA,level
R4747 T7966 T7957 punct ", ",reflected
R4748 T7967 T7957 advcl suggesting,reflected
R4749 T7968 T7969 mark that,be
R4750 T7969 T7967 ccomp be,suggesting
R4751 T7970 T7971 compound Snail,promoter
R4752 T7971 T7972 compound promoter,activity
R4753 T7972 T7969 nsubj activity,be
R4754 T7973 T7972 prep in,activity
R4755 T7974 T7973 pobj keratinocytes,in
R4756 T7975 T7969 aux might,be
R4757 T7976 T7969 acomp sensitive,be
R4758 T7977 T7976 prep to,sensitive
R4759 T7978 T7979 compound TGF,β2
R4760 T7979 T7981 compound β2,signaling
R4761 T7980 T7979 punct -,β2
R4762 T7981 T7977 pobj signaling,to
R4763 T7982 T7983 punct (,5C
R4764 T7983 T7957 parataxis 5C,reflected
R4765 T7984 T7983 compound Figure,5C
R4766 T7985 T7983 punct ),5C
R4767 T7986 T7957 punct .,reflected
R4768 T7988 T7989 aux To,test
R4769 T7989 T7990 advcl test,engineered
R4770 T7991 T7992 det this,possibility
R4771 T7992 T7989 dobj possibility,test
R4772 T7993 T7990 punct ", ",engineered
R4773 T7994 T7990 nsubj we,engineered
R4774 T7995 T7996 det a,transgene
R4775 T7996 T7990 dobj transgene,engineered
R4776 T7997 T7996 acl driving,transgene
R4777 T7998 T7999 det the,reporter
R4778 T7999 T7997 dobj reporter,driving
R4779 T8000 T8001 compound β,galactosidase
R4780 T8001 T7999 compound galactosidase,reporter
R4781 T8002 T8001 punct -,galactosidase
R4782 T8003 T7997 prep under,driving
R4783 T8004 T8005 det the,control
R4784 T8005 T8003 pobj control,under
R4785 T8006 T8005 prep of,control
R4786 T8007 T8008 advmod approximately,2.2
R4787 T8008 T8009 nummod 2.2,kb
R4788 T8009 T8006 pobj kb,of
R4789 T8010 T8009 prep of,kb
R4790 T8011 T8012 compound promoter,sequence
R4791 T8012 T8010 pobj sequence,of
R4792 T8013 T8012 acl located,sequence
R4793 T8014 T8013 npadvmod 5,located
R4794 T8015 T8014 punct ′,5
R4795 T8016 T8014 prep from,5
R4796 T8017 T8018 det the,site
R4797 T8018 T8016 pobj site,from
R4798 T8019 T8018 compound transcription,site
R4799 T8020 T8018 compound initiation,site
R4800 T8021 T8018 prep of,site
R4801 T8022 T8023 det the,gene
R4802 T8023 T8021 pobj gene,of
R4803 T8024 T8023 compound mouse,gene
R4804 T8025 T8023 compound Snail,gene
R4805 T8026 T7990 punct .,engineered
R4806 T8028 T8029 prep At,treated
R4807 T8030 T8031 nummod 2,d
R4808 T8031 T8028 pobj d,At
R4809 T8032 T8031 prep after,d
R4810 T8033 T8034 amod transient,transfection
R4811 T8034 T8032 pobj transfection,after
R4812 T8035 T8029 punct ", ",treated
R4813 T8036 T8029 nsubjpass keratinocytes,treated
R4814 T8037 T8029 auxpass were,treated
R4815 T8038 T8029 prep with,treated
R4816 T8039 T8040 compound TGF,β2
R4817 T8040 T8038 pobj β2,with
R4818 T8041 T8040 punct -,β2
R4819 T8042 T8043 punct (,0
R4820 T8043 T8029 parataxis 0,treated
R4821 T8044 T8043 nsubj t,0
R4822 T8045 T8043 punct =,0
R4823 T8046 T8043 punct ),0
R4824 T8047 T8029 cc and,treated
R4825 T8048 T8049 advmod then,assayed
R4826 T8049 T8029 conj assayed,treated
R4827 T8050 T8049 prep for,assayed
R4828 T8051 T8052 compound transgene,activity
R4829 T8052 T8050 pobj activity,for
R4830 T8053 T8049 prep over,assayed
R4831 T8054 T8055 det the,course
R4832 T8055 T8053 pobj course,over
R4833 T8056 T8055 amod same,course
R4834 T8057 T8055 compound time,course
R4835 T8058 T8059 prep in,observed
R4836 T8059 T8055 relcl observed,course
R4837 T8060 T8058 pobj which,in
R4838 T8061 T8059 nsubj we,observed
R4839 T8062 T8059 aux had,observed
R4840 T8063 T8064 compound Snail,protein
R4841 T8064 T8065 compound protein,induction
R4842 T8065 T8059 dobj induction,observed
R4843 T8066 T8029 punct .,treated
R4844 T8068 T8069 det The,results
R4845 T8069 T8070 nsubjpass results,presented
R4846 T8071 T8069 prep of,results
R4847 T8072 T8073 det this,experiment
R4848 T8073 T8071 pobj experiment,of
R4849 T8074 T8070 auxpass are,presented
R4850 T8075 T8070 prep in,presented
R4851 T8076 T8077 compound Figure,5D
R4852 T8077 T8075 pobj 5D,in
R4853 T8078 T8070 punct .,presented
R4854 T8080 T8081 prep Within,increased
R4855 T8082 T8083 nummod 0.5,h
R4856 T8083 T8080 pobj h,Within
R4857 T8084 T8083 prep of,h
R4858 T8085 T8086 compound TGF,β2
R4859 T8086 T8088 compound β2,treatment
R4860 T8087 T8086 punct -,β2
R4861 T8088 T8084 pobj treatment,of
R4862 T8089 T8081 punct ", ",increased
R4863 T8090 T8091 compound Snail,promoter
R4864 T8091 T8092 compound promoter,activity
R4865 T8092 T8081 nsubj activity,increased
R4866 T8093 T8081 aux had,increased
R4867 T8094 T8081 advmod 3-fold,increased
R4868 T8095 T8081 punct ", ",increased
R4869 T8096 T8081 cc and,increased
R4870 T8097 T8098 prep by,peaked
R4871 T8098 T8081 conj peaked,increased
R4872 T8099 T8100 nummod 2,h
R4873 T8100 T8097 pobj h,by
R4874 T8101 T8098 punct ", ",peaked
R4875 T8102 T8098 nsubj it,peaked
R4876 T8103 T8098 prep to,peaked
R4877 T8104 T8105 advmod approximately,10-fold
R4878 T8105 T8103 pcomp 10-fold,to
R4879 T8106 T8105 prep over,10-fold
R4880 T8107 T8108 compound control,levels
R4881 T8108 T8106 pobj levels,over
R4882 T8109 T8110 punct (,5D
R4883 T8110 T8098 parataxis 5D,peaked
R4884 T8111 T8110 compound Figure,5D
R4885 T8112 T8110 punct ),5D
R4886 T8113 T8098 punct .,peaked
R4887 T8115 T8116 advmod Thereafter,returned
R4888 T8117 T8116 punct ", ",returned
R4889 T8118 T8119 compound Snail,promoter
R4890 T8119 T8120 compound promoter,activity
R4891 T8120 T8116 nsubj activity,returned
R4892 T8121 T8116 advmod rapidly,returned
R4893 T8122 T8116 prep to,returned
R4894 T8123 T8124 det the,levels
R4895 T8124 T8122 pobj levels,to
R4896 T8125 T8124 amod basal,levels
R4897 T8126 T8124 acl seen,levels
R4898 T8127 T8126 prep in,seen
R4899 T8128 T8129 amod unstimulated,keratinocytes
R4900 T8129 T8127 pobj keratinocytes,in
R4901 T8130 T8116 punct .,returned
R4902 T8132 T8133 det The,kinetics
R4903 T8133 T8134 nsubj kinetics,paralleled
R4904 T8135 T8133 prep of,kinetics
R4905 T8136 T8137 compound Snail,promoter
R4906 T8137 T8138 compound promoter,activity
R4907 T8138 T8135 pobj activity,of
R4908 T8139 T8134 advmod closely,paralleled
R4909 T8140 T8134 dobj those,paralleled
R4910 T8141 T8140 acl observed,those
R4911 T8142 T8141 prep for,observed
R4912 T8143 T8144 compound Snail,protein
R4913 T8144 T8145 compound protein,induction
R4914 T8145 T8142 pobj induction,for
R4915 T8146 T8134 punct .,paralleled
R4916 T8148 T8149 advmod Moreover,appeared
R4917 T8150 T8149 punct ", ",appeared
R4918 T8151 T8152 det the,effects
R4919 T8152 T8149 nsubj effects,appeared
R4920 T8153 T8152 amod stimulatory,effects
R4921 T8154 T8155 aux to,be
R4922 T8155 T8149 xcomp be,appeared
R4923 T8156 T8155 acomp specific,be
R4924 T8157 T8156 prep to,specific
R4925 T8158 T8159 compound TGF,β2
R4926 T8159 T8157 pobj β2,to
R4927 T8160 T8159 punct -,β2
R4928 T8161 T8155 punct ", ",be
R4929 T8162 T8163 mark since,abrogated
R4930 T8163 T8155 advcl abrogated,be
R4931 T8164 T8163 nsubjpass they,abrogated
R4932 T8165 T8163 auxpass were,abrogated
R4933 T8166 T8167 preconj either,by
R4934 T8167 T8163 prep by,abrogated
R4935 T8168 T8169 compound heat,inactivation
R4936 T8169 T8167 pobj inactivation,by
R4937 T8170 T8169 prep of,inactivation
R4938 T8171 T8172 det the,protein
R4939 T8172 T8170 pobj protein,of
R4940 T8173 T8174 compound TGF,β2
R4941 T8174 T8172 compound β2,protein
R4942 T8175 T8174 punct -,β2
R4943 T8176 T8167 cc or,by
R4944 T8177 T8167 conj by,by
R4945 T8178 T8177 pobj mutation,by
R4946 T8179 T8178 prep of,mutation
R4947 T8180 T8181 det a,element
R4948 T8181 T8179 pobj element,of
R4949 T8182 T8181 amod putative,element
R4950 T8183 T8184 compound SMAD,binding
R4951 T8184 T8181 compound binding,element
R4952 T8185 T8181 acl located,element
R4953 T8186 T8187 quantmod about,1.8
R4954 T8187 T8188 nummod 1.8,kb
R4955 T8188 T8185 npadvmod kb,located
R4956 T8189 T8188 nummod 5,kb
R4957 T8190 T8188 punct ′,kb
R4958 T8191 T8188 prep from,kb
R4959 T8192 T8193 det the,site
R4960 T8193 T8191 pobj site,from
R4961 T8194 T8193 compound Snail,site
R4962 T8195 T8193 compound transcription,site
R4963 T8196 T8193 compound start,site
R4964 T8197 T8198 punct (,5D
R4965 T8198 T8163 parataxis 5D,abrogated
R4966 T8199 T8198 compound Figure,5D
R4967 T8200 T8198 punct ),5D
R4968 T8201 T8149 punct .,appeared
R4969 T8203 T8204 advcl Taken,suggested
R4970 T8205 T8203 advmod together,Taken
R4971 T8206 T8204 punct ", ",suggested
R4972 T8207 T8208 det these,results
R4973 T8208 T8204 nsubj results,suggested
R4974 T8209 T8210 mark that,results
R4975 T8210 T8204 advcl results,suggested
R4976 T8211 T8210 prep in,results
R4977 T8212 T8211 pobj keratinocytes,in
R4978 T8213 T8210 punct ", ",results
R4979 T8214 T8215 compound TGF,β2
R4980 T8215 T8217 compound β2,signaling
R4981 T8216 T8215 punct -,β2
R4982 T8217 T8210 nsubj signaling,results
R4983 T8218 T8210 prep in,results
R4984 T8219 T8220 det a,activation
R4985 T8220 T8218 pobj activation,in
R4986 T8221 T8222 npadvmod pSMAD2,dependent
R4987 T8222 T8220 amod dependent,activation
R4988 T8223 T8222 punct -,dependent
R4989 T8224 T8220 amod transient,activation
R4990 T8225 T8220 prep of,activation
R4991 T8226 T8227 det the,gene
R4992 T8227 T8225 pobj gene,of
R4993 T8228 T8227 compound Snail,gene
R4994 T8229 T8210 punct ", ",results
R4995 T8230 T8210 cc and,results
R4996 T8231 T8232 mark that,relies
R4997 T8232 T8210 conj relies,results
R4998 T8233 T8232 nsubj maintenance,relies
R4999 T8234 T8233 prep of,maintenance
R5000 T8235 T8236 compound Snail,protein
R5001 T8236 T8234 pobj protein,of
R5002 T8237 T8232 punct ", ",relies
R5003 T8238 T8232 prep in,relies
R5004 T8239 T8238 pobj part,in
R5005 T8240 T8232 punct ", ",relies
R5006 T8241 T8232 prep upon,relies
R5007 T8242 T8243 amod sustained,activity
R5008 T8243 T8241 pobj activity,upon
R5009 T8244 T8243 compound promoter,activity
R5010 T8245 T8204 punct .,suggested
R5011 T8247 T8248 det The,brevity
R5012 T8248 T8249 nsubj brevity,resembled
R5013 T8250 T8248 prep of,brevity
R5014 T8251 T8252 nmod Snail,gene
R5015 T8252 T8253 nmod gene,induction
R5016 T8253 T8250 pobj induction,of
R5017 T8254 T8252 cc and,gene
R5018 T8255 T8252 conj protein,gene
R5019 T8256 T8253 prep in,induction
R5020 T8257 T8258 compound TGF,β2
R5021 T8258 T8260 npadvmod β2,treated
R5022 T8259 T8258 punct -,β2
R5023 T8260 T8261 amod treated,keratinocytes
R5024 T8261 T8256 pobj keratinocytes,in
R5025 T8262 T8261 amod cultured,keratinocytes
R5026 T8263 T8264 det the,appearance
R5027 T8264 T8249 dobj appearance,resembled
R5028 T8265 T8264 amod temporal,appearance
R5029 T8266 T8264 prep of,appearance
R5030 T8267 T8268 compound Snail,mRNA
R5031 T8268 T8266 pobj mRNA,of
R5032 T8269 T8268 cc and,mRNA
R5033 T8270 T8268 conj protein,mRNA
R5034 T8271 T8264 prep at,appearance
R5035 T8272 T8273 det the,initiation
R5036 T8273 T8271 pobj initiation,at
R5037 T8274 T8273 prep of,initiation
R5038 T8275 T8276 compound hair,follicle
R5039 T8276 T8277 compound follicle,morphogenesis
R5040 T8277 T8274 pobj morphogenesis,of
R5041 T8278 T8249 prep in,resembled
R5042 T8279 T8280 amod embryonic,skin
R5043 T8280 T8278 pobj skin,in
R5044 T8281 T8280 compound mouse,skin
R5045 T8282 T8249 punct .,resembled
R5046 T8284 T8285 aux To,test
R5047 T8285 T8286 advcl test,analyzed
R5048 T8287 T8288 mark whether,required
R5049 T8288 T8285 ccomp required,test
R5050 T8289 T8290 compound TGF,β2
R5051 T8290 T8288 nsubjpass β2,required
R5052 T8291 T8290 punct -,β2
R5053 T8292 T8288 aux might,required
R5054 T8293 T8288 auxpass be,required
R5055 T8294 T8288 prep for,required
R5056 T8295 T8296 compound Snail,induction
R5057 T8296 T8294 pobj induction,for
R5058 T8297 T8296 prep in,induction
R5059 T8298 T8299 compound hair,bud
R5060 T8299 T8300 compound bud,formation
R5061 T8300 T8297 pobj formation,in
R5062 T8301 T8302 advmod in,vivo
R5063 T8302 T8288 advmod vivo,required
R5064 T8303 T8286 punct ", ",analyzed
R5065 T8304 T8286 nsubj we,analyzed
R5066 T8305 T8286 advmod first,analyzed
R5067 T8306 T8307 mark whether,expressed
R5068 T8307 T8286 ccomp expressed,analyzed
R5069 T8308 T8309 compound TGF,β2
R5070 T8309 T8307 nsubjpass β2,expressed
R5071 T8310 T8309 punct -,β2
R5072 T8311 T8307 auxpass was,expressed
R5073 T8312 T8307 prep in,expressed
R5074 T8313 T8312 cc or,in
R5075 T8314 T8312 conj around,in
R5076 T8315 T8316 det the,bud
R5077 T8316 T8314 pobj bud,around
R5078 T8317 T8316 compound hair,bud
R5079 T8318 T8286 punct .,analyzed
R5080 T8320 T8321 advcl Consistent,labeled
R5081 T8322 T8320 prep with,Consistent
R5082 T8323 T8324 amod previous,observations
R5083 T8324 T8322 pobj observations,with
R5084 T8325 T8326 punct [,33
R5085 T8326 T8320 parataxis 33,Consistent
R5086 T8327 T8326 punct ],33
R5087 T8328 T8321 punct ", ",labeled
R5088 T8329 T8330 det an,antibody
R5089 T8330 T8321 nsubj antibody,labeled
R5090 T8331 T8332 amod anti-TGF,β2
R5091 T8332 T8330 compound β2,antibody
R5092 T8333 T8332 punct -,β2
R5093 T8334 T8335 amod developing,buds
R5094 T8335 T8321 dobj buds,labeled
R5095 T8336 T8335 compound hair,buds
R5096 T8337 T8338 punct (,6A
R5097 T8338 T8321 parataxis 6A,labeled
R5098 T8339 T8338 compound Figure,6A
R5099 T8340 T8338 punct ),6A
R5100 T8341 T8321 punct .,labeled
R5101 T8343 T8344 det This,labeling
R5102 T8344 T8345 nsubj labeling,appeared
R5103 T8346 T8347 aux to,be
R5104 T8347 T8345 xcomp be,appeared
R5105 T8348 T8347 acomp specific,be
R5106 T8349 T8350 mark as,judged
R5107 T8350 T8347 advcl judged,be
R5108 T8351 T8350 prep by,judged
R5109 T8352 T8353 det the,lack
R5110 T8353 T8351 pobj lack,by
R5111 T8354 T8353 prep of,lack
R5112 T8355 T8354 pobj staining,of
R5113 T8356 T8353 prep in,lack
R5114 T8357 T8358 compound follicle,buds
R5115 T8358 T8356 pobj buds,in
R5116 T8359 T8358 prep from,buds
R5117 T8360 T8359 pobj mice,from
R5118 T8361 T8360 amod homozygous,mice
R5119 T8362 T8361 prep for,homozygous
R5120 T8363 T8364 det a,mutation
R5121 T8364 T8362 pobj mutation,for
R5122 T8365 T8366 nmod TGF,β2
R5123 T8366 T8364 nmod β2,mutation
R5124 T8367 T8366 punct -,β2
R5125 T8368 T8364 amod null,mutation
R5126 T8369 T8370 punct (,34
R5127 T8370 T8345 parataxis 34,appeared
R5128 T8371 T8372 compound Figure,6A
R5129 T8372 T8370 dep 6A,34
R5130 T8373 T8370 punct ;,34
R5131 T8374 T8370 punct [,34
R5132 T8375 T8370 punct ],34
R5133 T8376 T8370 punct ),34
R5134 T8377 T8345 punct .,appeared
R5135 T8379 T8380 advmod Moreover,expressed
R5136 T8381 T8380 punct ", ",expressed
R5137 T8382 T8383 det the,effector
R5138 T8383 T8380 nsubjpass effector,expressed
R5139 T8384 T8383 amod downstream,effector
R5140 T8385 T8383 prep of,effector
R5141 T8386 T8387 compound TGF,β2
R5142 T8387 T8389 compound β2,signaling
R5143 T8388 T8387 punct -,β2
R5144 T8389 T8385 pobj signaling,of
R5145 T8390 T8383 punct ", ",effector
R5146 T8391 T8383 appos pSMAD2,effector
R5147 T8392 T8380 punct ", ",expressed
R5148 T8393 T8380 auxpass was,expressed
R5149 T8394 T8380 advmod also,expressed
R5150 T8395 T8380 prep in,expressed
R5151 T8396 T8397 nmod WT,buds
R5152 T8397 T8395 pobj buds,in
R5153 T8398 T8396 punct ", ",WT
R5154 T8399 T8396 cc but,WT
R5155 T8400 T8399 neg not,but
R5156 T8401 T8402 compound TGF,β2
R5157 T8402 T8404 npadvmod β2,null
R5158 T8403 T8402 punct -,β2
R5159 T8404 T8396 conj null,WT
R5160 T8405 T8404 punct -,null
R5161 T8406 T8397 punct ", ",buds
R5162 T8407 T8397 compound hair,buds
R5163 T8408 T8409 punct (,6B
R5164 T8409 T8380 parataxis 6B,expressed
R5165 T8410 T8409 compound Figure,6B
R5166 T8411 T8409 punct ),6B
R5167 T8412 T8380 punct .,expressed
R5168 T8414 T8415 advmod Together,underscore
R5169 T8416 T8415 punct ", ",underscore
R5170 T8417 T8418 det these,data
R5171 T8418 T8415 nsubj data,underscore
R5172 T8419 T8420 det the,importance
R5173 T8420 T8415 dobj importance,underscore
R5174 T8421 T8420 prep of,importance
R5175 T8422 T8423 det the,isoform
R5176 T8423 T8421 pobj isoform,of
R5177 T8424 T8425 compound TGF,β2
R5178 T8425 T8423 compound β2,isoform
R5179 T8426 T8425 punct -,β2
R5180 T8427 T8415 prep despite,underscore
R5181 T8428 T8427 pobj expression,despite
R5182 T8429 T8428 prep of,expression
R5183 T8430 T8431 preconj both,β1
R5184 T8431 T8429 pobj β1,of
R5185 T8432 T8431 compound TGF,β1
R5186 T8433 T8431 punct -,β1
R5187 T8434 T8431 cc and,β1
R5188 T8435 T8436 compound TGF,β2
R5189 T8436 T8431 conj β2,β1
R5190 T8437 T8436 punct -,β2
R5191 T8438 T8428 prep in,expression
R5192 T8439 T8440 amod developing,buds
R5193 T8440 T8438 pobj buds,in
R5194 T8441 T8440 compound hair,buds
R5195 T8442 T8428 prep at,expression
R5196 T8443 T8444 det this,stage
R5197 T8444 T8442 pobj stage,at
R5198 T8445 T8415 punct .,underscore
R5199 T8447 T8448 aux To,explore
R5200 T8448 T8450 advcl explore,examined
R5201 T8449 T8448 advmod further,explore
R5202 T8451 T8452 det the,relation
R5203 T8452 T8448 dobj relation,explore
R5204 T8453 T8452 amod possible,relation
R5205 T8454 T8452 prep between,relation
R5206 T8455 T8454 pobj Snail,between
R5207 T8456 T8455 cc and,Snail
R5208 T8457 T8458 compound TGF,β2
R5209 T8458 T8455 conj β2,Snail
R5210 T8459 T8458 punct -,β2
R5211 T8460 T8450 punct ", ",examined
R5212 T8461 T8450 nsubj we,examined
R5213 T8462 T8463 det the,status
R5214 T8463 T8450 dobj status,examined
R5215 T8464 T8463 prep of,status
R5216 T8465 T8466 compound Snail,expression
R5217 T8466 T8464 pobj expression,of
R5218 T8467 T8463 prep in,status
R5219 T8468 T8469 compound TGF,β2
R5220 T8469 T8471 npadvmod β2,null
R5221 T8470 T8469 punct -,β2
R5222 T8471 T8473 amod null,buds
R5223 T8472 T8471 punct -,null
R5224 T8473 T8467 pobj buds,in
R5225 T8474 T8473 compound hair,buds
R5226 T8475 T8450 punct .,examined
R5227 T8477 T8478 mark As,judged
R5228 T8478 T8479 advcl judged,was
R5229 T8480 T8478 prep by,judged
R5230 T8481 T8480 pobj immunohistochemistry,by
R5231 T8482 T8479 punct ", ",was
R5232 T8483 T8484 compound Snail,protein
R5233 T8484 T8479 nsubj protein,was
R5234 T8485 T8479 acomp absent,was
R5235 T8486 T8485 prep from,absent
R5236 T8487 T8488 compound E17.5,skin
R5237 T8488 T8486 pobj skin,from
R5238 T8489 T8488 prep of,skin
R5239 T8490 T8491 compound TGF,β2
R5240 T8491 T8493 npadvmod β2,null
R5241 T8492 T8491 punct -,β2
R5242 T8493 T8495 amod null,embryos
R5243 T8494 T8493 punct -,null
R5244 T8495 T8489 pobj embryos,of
R5245 T8496 T8486 cc but,from
R5246 T8497 T8496 neg not,but
R5247 T8498 T8486 conj from,from
R5248 T8499 T8498 pobj that,from
R5249 T8500 T8499 prep of,that
R5250 T8501 T8502 compound control,littermates
R5251 T8502 T8500 pobj littermates,of
R5252 T8503 T8504 punct (,6C
R5253 T8504 T8479 parataxis 6C,was
R5254 T8505 T8504 compound Figure,6C
R5255 T8506 T8504 punct ),6C
R5256 T8507 T8479 punct .,was
R5257 T8509 T8510 det This,effect
R5258 T8510 T8511 nsubj effect,appeared
R5259 T8512 T8513 aux to,exerted
R5260 T8513 T8511 xcomp exerted,appeared
R5261 T8514 T8513 auxpass be,exerted
R5262 T8515 T8513 prep at,exerted
R5263 T8516 T8517 det the,level
R5264 T8517 T8515 pobj level,at
R5265 T8518 T8517 amod transcriptional,level
R5266 T8519 T8511 punct ", ",appeared
R5267 T8520 T8521 mark since,found
R5268 T8521 T8511 advcl found,appeared
R5269 T8522 T8523 compound Snail,mRNAs
R5270 T8523 T8521 nsubjpass mRNAs,found
R5271 T8524 T8521 auxpass were,found
R5272 T8525 T8521 advmod also,found
R5273 T8526 T8521 neg not,found
R5274 T8527 T8521 prep in,found
R5275 T8528 T8529 compound TGF,β2
R5276 T8529 T8531 npadvmod β2,null
R5277 T8530 T8529 punct -,β2
R5278 T8531 T8532 amod null,buds
R5279 T8532 T8527 pobj buds,in
R5280 T8533 T8532 compound hair,buds
R5281 T8534 T8521 prep under,found
R5282 T8535 T8534 pobj conditions,under
R5283 T8536 T8537 prep in,detected
R5284 T8537 T8535 relcl detected,conditions
R5285 T8538 T8536 pobj which,in
R5286 T8539 T8540 det the,signal
R5287 T8559 T8557 prep in,detected
R5288 T8540 T8537 nsubjpass signal,detected
R5289 T8541 T8537 auxpass was,detected
R5290 T8560 T8561 nummod 2,wk
R5291 T8561 T8563 npadvmod wk,old
R5292 T8542 T8537 advmod readily,detected
R5293 T8562 T8561 punct -,wk
R5294 T8563 T8565 amod old,mice
R5295 T8564 T8563 punct -,old
R5296 T8543 T8537 prep in,detected
R5297 T8565 T8559 pobj mice,in
R5298 T8566 T8567 compound K14,Smad2
R5299 T8567 T8565 compound Smad2,mice
R5300 T8568 T8567 punct -,Smad2
R5301 T8569 T8565 compound Tg,mice
R5302 T8544 T8545 det the,buds
R5303 T8570 T8565 punct ", ",mice
R5304 T8571 T8572 dep which,display
R5305 T8572 T8565 relcl display,mice
R5306 T8545 T8543 pobj buds,in
R5307 T8573 T8574 amod elevated,signaling
R5308 T8546 T8545 compound hair,buds
R5309 T8574 T8572 dobj signaling,display
R5310 T8575 T8576 compound TGF,β
R5311 T8547 T8545 prep of,buds
R5312 T8576 T8574 compound β,signaling
R5313 T8577 T8576 punct -,β
R5314 T8578 T8572 prep in,display
R5315 T8548 T8549 compound littermate,skin
R5316 T8549 T8547 pobj skin,of
R5317 T8579 T8578 pobj skin,in
R5318 T8580 T8581 punct [,35
R5319 T8550 T8551 punct (,6D
R5320 T8581 T8559 parataxis 35,in
R5321 T8582 T8581 punct ],35
R5322 T8583 T8557 punct ", ",detected
R5323 T8551 T8521 parataxis 6D,found
R5324 T8584 T8585 compound Snail,protein
R5325 T8585 T8557 nsubjpass protein,detected
R5326 T8552 T8551 compound Figure,6D
R5327 T8586 T8557 auxpass was,detected
R5328 T8587 T8557 advmod readily,detected
R5329 T8553 T8551 punct ),6D
R5330 T8588 T8557 prep by,detected
R5331 T8554 T8511 punct .,appeared
R5332 T8589 T8590 compound Western,blot
R5333 T8590 T8591 compound blot,analyses
R5334 T8591 T8588 pobj analyses,by
R5335 T8592 T8557 punct ", ",detected
R5336 T8593 T8594 advmod where,found
R5337 T8556 T8557 advmod Conversely,detected
R5338 T8594 T8557 advcl found,detected
R5339 T8595 T8594 nsubjpass it,found
R5340 T8596 T8594 auxpass was,found
R5341 T8597 T8594 neg not,found
R5342 T8558 T8557 punct ", ",detected
R5343 T8598 T8594 prep in,found
R5344 T8599 T8600 amod postnatal,skin
R5345 T8600 T8598 pobj skin,in
R5346 T8601 T8602 punct (,6E
R5347 T8664 T8660 advmod still,formed
R5348 T8602 T8557 parataxis 6E,detected
R5349 T8603 T8602 compound Figure,6E
R5350 T8604 T8602 punct ),6E
R5351 T8605 T8557 punct .,detected
R5352 T8607 T8608 advcl Taken,provide
R5353 T8609 T8607 advmod together,Taken
R5354 T8610 T8608 punct ", ",provide
R5355 T8611 T8612 det these,results
R5356 T8666 T8660 prep in,formed
R5357 T8612 T8608 nsubj results,provide
R5358 T8613 T8614 amod compelling,evidence
R5359 T8614 T8608 dobj evidence,provide
R5360 T8615 T8616 mark that,is
R5361 T8616 T8614 acl is,evidence
R5362 T8667 T8668 compound TGF,β2
R5363 T8617 T8618 compound TGF,β2
R5364 T8618 T8616 nsubj β2,is
R5365 T8619 T8618 punct -,β2
R5366 T8668 T8670 npadvmod β2,null
R5367 T8620 T8621 advmod functionally,important
R5368 T8621 T8616 acomp important,is
R5369 T8669 T8668 punct -,β2
R5370 T8622 T8621 prep for,important
R5371 T8623 T8622 pcomp inducing,for
R5372 T8624 T8625 compound Snail,expression
R5373 T8670 T8671 amod null,skin
R5374 T8625 T8623 dobj expression,inducing
R5375 T8626 T8625 compound gene,expression
R5376 T8627 T8623 prep in,inducing
R5377 T8671 T8666 pobj skin,in
R5378 T8628 T8629 det a,manner
R5379 T8629 T8627 pobj manner,in
R5380 T8672 T8665 punct ", ",reduced
R5381 T8630 T8631 npadvmod pSMAD,dependent
R5382 T8631 T8629 amod dependent,manner
R5383 T8632 T8631 punct -,dependent
R5384 T8673 T8674 poss their,number
R5385 T8633 T8623 prep in,inducing
R5386 T8634 T8635 amod developing,buds
R5387 T8635 T8633 pobj buds,in
R5388 T8674 T8665 nsubjpass number,reduced
R5389 T8636 T8635 compound hair,buds
R5390 T8637 T8608 punct .,provide
R5391 T8675 T8665 auxpass was,reduced
R5392 T8639 T8640 mark Whether,contributes
R5393 T8640 T8644 csubjpass contributes,addressed
R5394 T8676 T8665 prep by,reduced
R5395 T8641 T8642 compound pMARK,activity
R5396 T8642 T8640 nsubj activity,contributes
R5397 T8643 T8640 advmod also,contributes
R5398 T8677 T8678 advmod approximately,50
R5399 T8645 T8640 prep to,contributes
R5400 T8646 T8647 compound Snail,induction
R5401 T8647 T8645 pobj induction,to
R5402 T8648 T8644 auxpass was,addressed
R5403 T8649 T8644 neg not,addressed
R5404 T8678 T8679 nummod 50,%
R5405 T8650 T8644 prep in,addressed
R5406 T8651 T8652 det the,study
R5407 T8652 T8650 pobj study,in
R5408 T8679 T8676 pobj %,by
R5409 T8653 T8652 amod present,study
R5410 T8654 T8655 punct [,15
R5411 T8655 T8644 parataxis 15,addressed
R5412 T8680 T8681 punct [,32
R5413 T8656 T8655 punct ],15
R5414 T8657 T8644 punct .,addressed
R5415 T8681 T8665 parataxis 32,reduced
R5416 T8659 T8660 mark Although,formed
R5417 T8660 T8665 advcl formed,reduced
R5418 T8661 T8662 det some,buds
R5419 T8682 T8681 punct ],32
R5420 T8662 T8660 nsubj buds,formed
R5421 T8663 T8662 compound hair,buds
R5422 T8683 T8665 punct .,reduced
R5423 T8685 T8686 advmod Thus,appear
R5424 T8687 T8686 punct ", ",appear
R5425 T8770 T8772 compound β2,signaling
R5426 T8688 T8689 mark although,impacts
R5427 T8689 T8686 advcl impacts,appear
R5428 T8771 T8770 punct -,β2
R5429 T8772 T8766 nsubj signaling,appeared
R5430 T8690 T8691 det the,pathway
R5431 T8773 T8774 aux to,be
R5432 T8774 T8766 xcomp be,appeared
R5433 T8775 T8776 det an,factor
R5434 T8691 T8689 nsubj pathway,impacts
R5435 T8776 T8774 attr factor,be
R5436 T8777 T8776 amod important,factor
R5437 T8692 T8691 acl mediated,pathway
R5438 T8778 T8776 prep for,factor
R5439 T8779 T8780 det the,proliferation
R5440 T8693 T8692 prep by,mediated
R5441 T8780 T8778 pobj proliferation,for
R5442 T8781 T8780 amod early,proliferation
R5443 T8782 T8783 dep that,occurs
R5444 T8694 T8695 compound TGF,β2
R5445 T8783 T8780 relcl occurs,proliferation
R5446 T8784 T8783 prep in,occurs
R5447 T8695 T8697 compound β2,signaling
R5448 T8785 T8786 det the,buds
R5449 T8786 T8784 pobj buds,in
R5450 T8787 T8786 amod developing,buds
R5451 T8696 T8695 punct -,β2
R5452 T8788 T8786 compound hair,buds
R5453 T8789 T8774 punct ", ",be
R5454 T8790 T8791 mark as,judged
R5455 T8791 T8774 advcl judged,be
R5456 T8792 T8791 prep by,judged
R5457 T8793 T8794 amod anti-Ki67,immunofluorescence
R5458 T8697 T8693 pobj signaling,by
R5459 T8794 T8792 pobj immunofluorescence,by
R5460 T8795 T8793 cc and,anti-Ki67
R5461 T8698 T8699 det the,step
R5462 T8796 T8793 conj anti-pMAPK,anti-Ki67
R5463 T8797 T8798 punct (,6F
R5464 T8798 T8774 parataxis 6F,be
R5465 T8699 T8689 dobj step,impacts
R5466 T8799 T8798 compound Figure,6F
R5467 T8800 T8798 cc and,6F
R5468 T8801 T8798 conj 6G,6F
R5469 T8700 T8699 amod earliest,step
R5470 T8802 T8798 punct ),6F
R5471 T8803 T8766 punct .,appeared
R5472 T8701 T8699 prep of,step
R5473 T8805 T8806 mark If,stimulates
R5474 T8806 T8810 advcl stimulates,expected
R5475 T8702 T8703 amod epithelial,invagination
R5476 T8807 T8808 compound TGF,β2
R5477 T8808 T8806 nsubj β2,stimulates
R5478 T8809 T8808 punct -,β2
R5479 T8703 T8701 pobj invagination,of
R5480 T8811 T8812 compound Snail,expression
R5481 T8812 T8806 dobj expression,stimulates
R5482 T8704 T8686 punct ", ",appear
R5483 T8813 T8806 prep in,stimulates
R5484 T8814 T8815 amod developing,buds
R5485 T8815 T8813 pobj buds,in
R5486 T8705 T8686 nsubj it,appear
R5487 T8816 T8810 punct ", ",expected
R5488 T8817 T8810 nsubjpass loss,expected
R5489 T8818 T8817 prep of,loss
R5490 T8706 T8686 aux does,appear
R5491 T8819 T8820 det this,morphogen
R5492 T8820 T8818 pobj morphogen,of
R5493 T8707 T8686 neg not,appear
R5494 T8821 T8810 aux would,expected
R5495 T8822 T8810 auxpass be,expected
R5496 T8823 T8824 aux to,affect
R5497 T8708 T8709 aux to,be
R5498 T8824 T8810 xcomp affect,expected
R5499 T8825 T8826 det the,expression
R5500 T8826 T8824 dobj expression,affect
R5501 T8709 T8686 xcomp be,appear
R5502 T8827 T8826 prep of,expression
R5503 T8828 T8827 pobj genes,of
R5504 T8829 T8830 dep that,repressed
R5505 T8830 T8828 relcl repressed,genes
R5506 T8831 T8830 auxpass are,repressed
R5507 T8832 T8830 advmod typically,repressed
R5508 T8710 T8709 acomp essential,be
R5509 T8833 T8830 agent by,repressed
R5510 T8834 T8833 pobj Snail,by
R5511 T8835 T8810 punct .,expected
R5512 T8711 T8710 prep for,essential
R5513 T8712 T8713 compound bud,morphogenesis
R5514 T8837 T8838 mark Since,is
R5515 T8713 T8711 pobj morphogenesis,for
R5516 T8838 T8847 advcl is,investigated
R5517 T8839 T8840 det a,target
R5518 T8714 T8686 punct .,appear
R5519 T8840 T8838 nsubj target,is
R5520 T8841 T8840 amod major,target
R5521 T8842 T8840 prep for,target
R5522 T8843 T8844 npadvmod Snail,mediated
R5523 T8716 T8717 advcl Consistent,took
R5524 T8844 T8846 amod mediated,repression
R5526 T8846 T8842 pobj repression,for
R5527 T8718 T8716 prep with,Consistent
R5528 T8848 T8849 det the,gene
R5529 T8849 T8838 attr gene,is
R5531 T8719 T8720 det this,notion
R5532 T8720 T8718 pobj notion,with
R5533 T8721 T8717 punct ", ",took
R5534 T8851 T8849 compound cadherin,gene
R5535 T8722 T8723 compound basement,membrane
R5536 T8723 T8724 compound membrane,remodeling
R5537 T8852 T8851 punct -,cadherin
R5538 T8853 T8854 punct [,13
R5539 T8854 T8838 parataxis 13,is
R5540 T8724 T8717 nsubj remodeling,took
R5541 T8855 T8854 nummod 12,13
R5542 T8856 T8854 punct ",",13
R5543 T8725 T8717 advmod still,took
R5544 T8857 T8854 punct ],13
R5545 T8858 T8847 punct ", ",investigated
R5546 T8859 T8847 nsubj we,investigated
R5547 T8726 T8717 dobj place,took
R5548 T8860 T8861 det the,status
R5549 T8861 T8847 dobj status,investigated
R5550 T8727 T8717 prep in,took
R5551 T8862 T8861 prep of,status
R5552 T8863 T8864 compound E,cadherin
R5553 T8864 T8862 pobj cadherin,of
R5554 T8728 T8729 det the,buds
R5555 T8865 T8864 punct -,cadherin
R5556 T8866 T8847 prep in,investigated
R5557 T8867 T8868 compound TGF,β2
R5558 T8868 T8870 npadvmod β2,null
R5559 T8869 T8868 punct -,β2
R5560 T8870 T8872 amod null,buds
R5561 T8729 T8727 pobj buds,in
R5562 T8871 T8870 punct -,null
R5563 T8872 T8866 pobj buds,in
R5564 T8873 T8847 punct .,investigated
R5565 T8730 T8731 compound TGF,β2
R5566 T8875 T8876 mark As,shown
R5567 T8731 T8733 npadvmod β2,null
R5568 T8732 T8731 punct -,β2
R5569 T8733 T8729 amod null,buds
R5570 T8734 T8733 punct -,null
R5571 T8876 T8877 advcl shown,displayed
R5572 T8735 T8717 punct ", ",took
R5573 T8878 T8876 prep in,shown
R5574 T8736 T8737 mark as,judged
R5575 T8879 T8880 compound Figure,6H
R5576 T8880 T8878 pobj 6H,in
R5577 T8881 T8877 punct ", ",displayed
R5578 T8737 T8717 advcl judged,took
R5579 T8882 T8883 compound hair,buds
R5580 T8883 T8877 nsubj buds,displayed
R5581 T8884 T8883 prep in,buds
R5582 T8738 T8737 prep by,judged
R5583 T8885 T8886 compound TGF,β2
R5584 T8886 T8888 npadvmod β2,null
R5585 T8887 T8886 punct -,β2
R5586 T8739 T8738 pobj immunofluorescence,by
R5587 T8888 T8889 amod null,skin
R5588 T8889 T8884 pobj skin,in
R5589 T8740 T8739 prep with,immunofluorescence
R5590 T8890 T8891 amod elevated,staining
R5591 T8891 T8877 dobj staining,displayed
R5592 T8892 T8891 compound immunofluorescence,staining
R5593 T8741 T8740 pobj antibodies,with
R5594 T8893 T8877 advcl relative,displayed
R5595 T8894 T8893 prep to,relative
R5596 T8895 T8896 poss their,counterparts
R5597 T8742 T8741 prep against,antibodies
R5598 T8896 T8894 pobj counterparts,to
R5599 T8897 T8896 compound WT,counterparts
R5600 T8898 T8877 punct .,displayed
R5601 T8743 T8744 compound β4,integrin
R5602 T8900 T8901 advmod Previously,demonstrated
R5603 T8744 T8742 pobj integrin,against
R5604 T8902 T8901 nsubj we,demonstrated
R5605 T8903 T8904 mark that,required
R5606 T8745 T8744 punct ", ",integrin
R5607 T8904 T8901 ccomp required,demonstrated
R5608 T8905 T8906 det the,action
R5609 T8906 T8904 nsubjpass action,required
R5610 T8907 T8906 amod concerted,action
R5611 T8908 T8906 prep of,action
R5612 T8746 T8747 det an,component
R5613 T8909 T8910 det the,signals
R5614 T8910 T8908 pobj signals,of
R5615 T8911 T8910 amod extracellular,signals
R5616 T8747 T8744 appos component,integrin
R5617 T8912 T8910 appos Wnt,signals
R5618 T8913 T8912 cc and,Wnt
R5619 T8914 T8912 conj noggin,Wnt
R5620 T8748 T8747 amod integral,component
R5621 T8915 T8904 auxpass are,required
R5622 T8916 T8917 mark for,repress
R5623 T8749 T8747 prep of,component
R5624 T8750 T8751 npadvmod keratinocyte,mediated
R5625 T8917 T8904 advcl repress,required
R5626 T8918 T8919 det the,generation
R5627 T8751 T8753 amod mediated,adhesion
R5628 T8919 T8917 nsubj generation,repress
R5629 T8920 T8919 prep of,generation
R5630 T8921 T8922 det a,complex
R5631 T8752 T8751 punct -,mediated
R5632 T8922 T8920 pobj complex,of
R5633 T8923 T8922 nmod LEF,complex
R5634 T8924 T8923 punct -,LEF
R5635 T8753 T8749 pobj adhesion,of
R5636 T8925 T8923 nummod 1,LEF
R5637 T8926 T8923 punct /,LEF
R5638 T8927 T8928 compound β,catenin
R5639 T8754 T8753 prep to,adhesion
R5640 T8928 T8923 appos catenin,LEF
R5641 T8929 T8928 punct -,catenin
R5642 T8755 T8756 poss its,membrane
R5643 T8930 T8922 compound transcription,complex
R5644 T8931 T8917 aux to,repress
R5645 T8932 T8933 compound E,cadherin
R5646 T8756 T8754 pobj membrane,to
R5647 T8933 T8935 compound cadherin,transcription
R5648 T8934 T8933 punct -,cadherin
R5649 T8757 T8756 amod underlying,membrane
R5650 T8935 T8917 dobj transcription,repress
R5651 T8936 T8917 prep at,repress
R5652 T8937 T8938 det the,onset
R5653 T8758 T8756 compound basement,membrane
R5654 T8938 T8936 pobj onset,at
R5655 T8939 T8938 prep of,onset
R5656 T8759 T8760 punct (,6F
R5657 T8940 T8941 compound hair,fate
R5658 T8941 T8942 compound fate,specification
R5659 T8942 T8939 pobj specification,of
R5660 T8943 T8901 punct .,demonstrated
R5661 T8760 T8717 parataxis 6F,took
R5662 T8945 T8946 mark As,shown
R5663 T8946 T8947 advcl shown,exhibited
R5664 T8948 T8946 prep in,shown
R5665 T8761 T8760 compound Figure,6F
R5666 T8949 T8950 compound Figure,6I
R5667 T8950 T8948 pobj 6I,in
R5668 T8762 T8760 punct ),6F
R5669 T8951 T8950 cc and,6I
R5670 T8952 T8950 conj 6J,6I
R5671 T8953 T8947 punct ", ",exhibited
R5672 T8763 T8717 punct .,took
R5673 T8954 T8955 preconj both,WT
R5674 T8955 T8956 npadvmod WT,null
R5675 T8765 T8766 prep In,appeared
R5676 T8956 T8961 amod null,buds
R5677 T8957 T8955 cc and,WT
R5678 T8958 T8959 compound TGF,β2
R5679 T8959 T8955 conj β2,WT
R5680 T8960 T8959 punct -,β2
R5681 T8767 T8765 pobj contrast,In
R5682 T8961 T8947 nsubj buds,exhibited
R5683 T8962 T8963 amod nuclear,localization
R5684 T8963 T8947 dobj localization,exhibited
R5685 T8964 T8963 nmod LEF,localization
R5686 T8768 T8766 punct ", ",appeared
R5687 T8965 T8964 punct -,LEF
R5688 T8966 T8964 nummod 1,LEF
R5689 T8967 T8964 cc and,LEF
R5690 T8769 T8770 compound TGF,β2
R5691 T8968 T8969 compound β,catenin
R5692 T8969 T8964 conj catenin,LEF
R5693 T8970 T8969 punct -,catenin
R5694 T8982 T8947 punct .,exhibited
R5695 T8971 T8947 punct ", ",exhibited
R5696 T8972 T8947 npadvmod signs,exhibited
R5697 T8973 T8974 mark that,was
R5698 T8974 T8972 acl was,signs
R5699 T8975 T8976 det the,pathway
R5700 T8976 T8974 nsubj pathway,was
R5701 T8977 T8978 compound Wnt,noggin
R5702 T8984 T8985 det These,data
R5703 T8978 T8976 compound noggin,pathway
R5704 T8979 T8978 punct -,noggin
R5705 T8980 T8976 compound signaling,pathway
R5706 T8981 T8974 acomp intact,was
R5707 T8985 T8986 nsubj data,suggest
R5708 T8987 T8988 mark that,functions
R5709 T8988 T8986 ccomp functions,suggest
R5710 T8989 T8988 prep during,functions
R5711 T8990 T8991 compound hair,follicle
R5712 T8991 T8992 compound follicle,morphogenesis
R5713 T8992 T8989 pobj morphogenesis,during
R5714 T8993 T8988 punct ", ",functions
R5715 T8994 T8995 compound TGF,β2
R5716 T8995 T8988 nsubj β2,functions
R5717 T8996 T8995 punct -,β2
R5718 T8997 T8988 advmod subsequently,functions
R5719 T8998 T8997 prep to,subsequently
R5720 T8999 T9000 compound Wnt,noggin
R5721 T9000 T9002 npadvmod noggin,mediated
R5722 T9001 T9000 punct /,noggin
R5723 T9002 T9004 amod mediated,determination
R5724 T9003 T9002 punct -,mediated
R5725 T9004 T8998 pobj determination,to
R5726 T9005 T9004 prep of,determination
R5727 T9006 T9007 compound hair,fate
R5728 T9007 T9005 pobj fate,of
R5525 T8845 T8844 punct -,mediated
R5530 T8850 T8851 compound E,cadherin
R5729 T9008 T8986 punct .,suggest
R5730 T9010 T9011 advmod Moreover,appears
R5731 T9012 T9011 punct ", ",appears
R5732 T9013 T9011 prep through,appears
R5733 T9014 T9013 pobj activation,through
R5734 T9015 T9014 prep of,activation
R5735 T9016 T9017 compound Snail,expression
R5736 T9017 T9015 pobj expression,of
R5737 T9018 T9017 compound gene,expression
R5738 T9019 T9011 punct ", ",appears
R5739 T9020 T9021 compound TGF,β2
R5740 T9021 T9011 nsubj β2,appears
R5741 T9022 T9021 punct -,β2
R5742 T9023 T9024 aux to,work
R5743 T9024 T9011 xcomp work,appears
R5744 T9025 T9024 prep in,work
R5745 T9026 T9025 pobj tandem,in
R5746 T9027 T9026 prep with,tandem
R5747 T9028 T9029 det these,morphogens
R5748 T9029 T9027 pobj morphogens,with
R5749 T9030 T9029 amod other,morphogens
R5750 T9031 T9032 aux to,regulate
R5751 T9032 T9024 advcl regulate,work
R5752 T9033 T9032 advmod down,regulate
R5753 T9034 T9032 punct -,regulate
R5754 T9035 T9036 compound E,cadherin
R5755 T9036 T9038 compound cadherin,levels
R5756 T9037 T9036 punct -,cadherin
R5757 T9038 T9032 dobj levels,regulate
R5758 T9039 T9024 punct ", ",work
R5759 T9040 T9041 dep which,contributes
R5760 T9041 T9024 advcl contributes,work
R5761 T9042 T9041 prep to,contributes
R5762 T9043 T9044 det the,activation
R5763 T9044 T9042 pobj activation,to
R5764 T9045 T9044 prep of,activation
R5765 T9046 T9047 amod proliferative,circuitries
R5766 T9047 T9045 pobj circuitries,of
R5767 T9048 T9011 punct .,appears