| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T250 |
0-147 |
sentence |
denotes |
Articular cartilage plays an essential role in health and mobility, but is frequently damaged or lost in millions of people that develop arthritis. |
| T251 |
0-9 |
JJ |
denotes |
Articular |
| T252 |
10-19 |
NN |
denotes |
cartilage |
| T253 |
20-25 |
VBZ |
denotes |
plays |
| T254 |
26-28 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
| T255 |
39-43 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
| T256 |
29-38 |
JJ |
denotes |
essential |
| T257 |
44-46 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T258 |
47-53 |
NN |
denotes |
health |
| T259 |
54-57 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
| T260 |
58-66 |
NN |
denotes |
mobility |
| T261 |
66-68 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T262 |
68-71 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
| T263 |
72-74 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
| T264 |
86-93 |
VBN |
denotes |
damaged |
| T265 |
75-85 |
RB |
denotes |
frequently |
| T266 |
94-96 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
| T267 |
97-101 |
VBN |
denotes |
lost |
| T268 |
102-104 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T269 |
105-113 |
NNS |
denotes |
millions |
| T270 |
114-116 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T271 |
117-123 |
NNS |
denotes |
people |
| T272 |
124-128 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
| T273 |
129-136 |
VBP |
denotes |
develop |
| T274 |
137-146 |
NN |
denotes |
arthritis |
| T275 |
146-147 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T276 |
147-404 |
sentence |
denotes |
The molecular mechanisms that create and maintain this thin layer of cartilage that covers the surface of bones in joint regions are poorly understood, in part because tools to manipulate gene expression specifically in this tissue have not been available. |
| T277 |
148-151 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
| T278 |
162-172 |
NNS |
denotes |
mechanisms |
| T279 |
152-161 |
JJ |
denotes |
molecular |
| T280 |
288-298 |
VBN |
denotes |
understood |
| T281 |
173-177 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
| T282 |
178-184 |
VBP |
denotes |
create |
| T283 |
185-188 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
| T284 |
189-197 |
VBP |
denotes |
maintain |
| T285 |
198-202 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
| T286 |
208-213 |
NN |
denotes |
layer |
| T287 |
203-207 |
JJ |
denotes |
thin |
| T288 |
214-216 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T289 |
217-226 |
NN |
denotes |
cartilage |
| T290 |
227-231 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
| T291 |
232-238 |
VBZ |
denotes |
covers |
| T292 |
239-242 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T293 |
243-250 |
NN |
denotes |
surface |
| T294 |
251-253 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T295 |
254-259 |
NNS |
denotes |
bones |
| T296 |
260-262 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T297 |
263-268 |
NN |
denotes |
joint |
| T298 |
269-276 |
NNS |
denotes |
regions |
| T299 |
277-280 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
| T300 |
281-287 |
RB |
denotes |
poorly |
| T301 |
298-300 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T302 |
300-302 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T303 |
389-393 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
| T304 |
303-307 |
JJ |
denotes |
part |
| T305 |
308-315 |
IN |
denotes |
because |
| T306 |
316-321 |
NNS |
denotes |
tools |
| T307 |
322-324 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
| T308 |
325-335 |
VB |
denotes |
manipulate |
| T309 |
336-340 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
| T310 |
341-351 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
| T311 |
352-364 |
RB |
denotes |
specifically |
| T312 |
365-367 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T313 |
368-372 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
| T314 |
373-379 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
| T315 |
380-384 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
| T316 |
385-388 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
| T317 |
394-403 |
JJ |
denotes |
available |
| T318 |
403-404 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T319 |
404-633 |
sentence |
denotes |
Here we use regulatory information from the mouse Gdf5 gene (a bone morphogenetic protein [BMP] family member) to develop new mouse lines that can be used to either activate or inactivate genes specifically in developing joints. |
| T320 |
405-409 |
RB |
denotes |
Here |
| T321 |
413-416 |
VBP |
denotes |
use |
| T322 |
410-412 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
| T323 |
417-427 |
JJ |
denotes |
regulatory |
| T324 |
428-439 |
NN |
denotes |
information |
| T325 |
440-444 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
| T326 |
445-448 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T327 |
460-464 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
| T328 |
449-454 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
| T329 |
455-459 |
NN |
denotes |
Gdf5 |
| T330 |
465-466 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
| T331 |
508-514 |
NN |
denotes |
member |
| T332 |
466-467 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
| T333 |
468-472 |
NN |
denotes |
bone |
| T334 |
487-494 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
| T335 |
473-486 |
JJ |
denotes |
morphogenetic |
| T336 |
495-496 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
| T337 |
496-499 |
NN |
denotes |
BMP |
| T338 |
499-500 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
| T339 |
501-507 |
NN |
denotes |
family |
| T340 |
514-515 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
| T341 |
516-518 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
| T342 |
519-526 |
VB |
denotes |
develop |
| T343 |
527-530 |
JJ |
denotes |
new |
| T344 |
537-542 |
NNS |
denotes |
lines |
| T345 |
531-536 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
| T346 |
543-547 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
| T347 |
555-559 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
| T348 |
548-551 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
| T349 |
552-554 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
| T350 |
560-562 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
| T351 |
570-578 |
VB |
denotes |
activate |
| T352 |
563-569 |
CC |
denotes |
either |
| T353 |
579-581 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
| T354 |
582-592 |
VB |
denotes |
inactivate |
| T355 |
593-598 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
| T356 |
599-611 |
RB |
denotes |
specifically |
| T357 |
612-614 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T358 |
615-625 |
VBG |
denotes |
developing |
| T359 |
626-632 |
NNS |
denotes |
joints |
| T360 |
632-633 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T361 |
633-886 |
sentence |
denotes |
Expression of Cre recombinase from Gdf5 bacterial artificial chromosome clones leads to specific activation or inactivation of floxed target genes in developing joints, including early joint interzones, adult articular cartilage, and the joint capsule. |
| T362 |
634-644 |
NN |
denotes |
Expression |
| T363 |
713-718 |
VBZ |
denotes |
leads |
| T364 |
645-647 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T365 |
648-651 |
NN |
denotes |
Cre |
| T366 |
652-663 |
NN |
denotes |
recombinase |
| T367 |
664-668 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
| T368 |
669-673 |
NN |
denotes |
Gdf5 |
| T369 |
695-705 |
NN |
denotes |
chromosome |
| T370 |
674-683 |
JJ |
denotes |
bacterial |
| T371 |
684-694 |
JJ |
denotes |
artificial |
| T372 |
706-712 |
NNS |
denotes |
clones |
| T373 |
719-721 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
| T374 |
722-730 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
| T375 |
731-741 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
| T376 |
742-744 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
| T377 |
745-757 |
NN |
denotes |
inactivation |
| T378 |
758-760 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T379 |
761-767 |
VBN |
denotes |
floxed |
| T380 |
775-780 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
| T381 |
768-774 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
| T382 |
781-783 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T383 |
784-794 |
VBG |
denotes |
developing |
| T384 |
795-801 |
NNS |
denotes |
joints |
| T385 |
801-803 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T386 |
803-812 |
VBG |
denotes |
including |
| T387 |
813-818 |
JJ |
denotes |
early |
| T388 |
825-835 |
NNS |
denotes |
interzones |
| T389 |
819-824 |
NN |
denotes |
joint |
| T390 |
835-837 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T391 |
837-842 |
NN |
denotes |
adult |
| T392 |
853-862 |
NN |
denotes |
cartilage |
| T393 |
843-852 |
JJ |
denotes |
articular |
| T394 |
862-864 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T395 |
864-867 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
| T396 |
868-871 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T397 |
878-885 |
NN |
denotes |
capsule |
| T398 |
872-877 |
NN |
denotes |
joint |
| T399 |
885-886 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T400 |
886-976 |
sentence |
denotes |
We have used this system to test the role of BMP receptor signaling in joint development. |
| T401 |
887-889 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
| T402 |
895-899 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
| T403 |
890-894 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
| T404 |
900-904 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
| T405 |
905-911 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
| T406 |
912-914 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
| T407 |
915-919 |
VB |
denotes |
test |
| T408 |
920-923 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T409 |
924-928 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
| T410 |
929-931 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T411 |
932-935 |
NN |
denotes |
BMP |
| T412 |
945-954 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
| T413 |
936-944 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
| T414 |
955-957 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T415 |
958-963 |
NN |
denotes |
joint |
| T416 |
964-975 |
NN |
denotes |
development |
| T417 |
975-976 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T418 |
976-1074 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mice with null mutations in Bmpr1a are known to die early in embryogenesis with multiple defects. |
| T419 |
977-981 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
| T420 |
1016-1021 |
VBN |
denotes |
known |
| T421 |
982-986 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
| T422 |
987-991 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
| T423 |
992-1001 |
NNS |
denotes |
mutations |
| T424 |
1002-1004 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T425 |
1005-1011 |
NN |
denotes |
Bmpr1a |
| T426 |
1012-1015 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
| T427 |
1022-1024 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
| T428 |
1025-1028 |
VB |
denotes |
die |
| T429 |
1029-1034 |
RB |
denotes |
early |
| T430 |
1035-1037 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T431 |
1038-1051 |
NN |
denotes |
embryogenesis |
| T432 |
1052-1056 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
| T433 |
1057-1065 |
JJ |
denotes |
multiple |
| T434 |
1066-1073 |
NNS |
denotes |
defects |
| T435 |
1073-1074 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T436 |
1074-1275 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, combining a floxed Bmpr1a allele with the Gdf5-Cre driver bypasses this embryonic lethality, and leads to birth and postnatal development of mice missing the Bmpr1a gene in articular regions. |
| T437 |
1075-1082 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
| T438 |
1142-1150 |
VBZ |
denotes |
bypasses |
| T439 |
1082-1084 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T440 |
1084-1093 |
VBG |
denotes |
combining |
| T441 |
1094-1095 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
| T442 |
1110-1116 |
NN |
denotes |
allele |
| T443 |
1096-1102 |
VBN |
denotes |
floxed |
| T444 |
1103-1109 |
NN |
denotes |
Bmpr1a |
| T445 |
1117-1121 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
| T446 |
1122-1125 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T447 |
1135-1141 |
NN |
denotes |
driver |
| T448 |
1126-1130 |
NN |
denotes |
Gdf5 |
| T449 |
1131-1134 |
NN |
denotes |
Cre |
| T450 |
1130-1131 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
| T451 |
1151-1155 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
| T452 |
1166-1175 |
NN |
denotes |
lethality |
| T453 |
1156-1165 |
JJ |
denotes |
embryonic |
| T454 |
1175-1177 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T455 |
1177-1180 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
| T456 |
1181-1186 |
VBZ |
denotes |
leads |
| T457 |
1187-1189 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
| T458 |
1190-1195 |
NN |
denotes |
birth |
| T459 |
1196-1199 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
| T460 |
1200-1209 |
JJ |
denotes |
postnatal |
| T461 |
1210-1221 |
NN |
denotes |
development |
| T462 |
1222-1224 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T463 |
1225-1229 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
| T464 |
1230-1237 |
VBG |
denotes |
missing |
| T465 |
1238-1241 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T466 |
1249-1253 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
| T467 |
1242-1248 |
NN |
denotes |
Bmpr1a |
| T468 |
1254-1256 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T469 |
1257-1266 |
JJ |
denotes |
articular |
| T470 |
1267-1274 |
NNS |
denotes |
regions |
| T471 |
1274-1275 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T472 |
1275-1357 |
sentence |
denotes |
Most joints in the body form normally in the absence of Bmpr1a receptor function. |
| T473 |
1276-1280 |
JJS |
denotes |
Most |
| T474 |
1281-1287 |
NNS |
denotes |
joints |
| T475 |
1300-1304 |
VBP |
denotes |
form |
| T476 |
1288-1290 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T477 |
1291-1294 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T478 |
1295-1299 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
| T479 |
1305-1313 |
RB |
denotes |
normally |
| T480 |
1314-1316 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T481 |
1317-1320 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T482 |
1321-1328 |
NN |
denotes |
absence |
| T483 |
1329-1331 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T484 |
1332-1338 |
NN |
denotes |
Bmpr1a |
| T485 |
1339-1347 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
| T486 |
1348-1356 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
| T487 |
1356-1357 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T488 |
1357-1510 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, articular cartilage within the joints gradually wears away in receptor-deficient mice after birth in a process resembling human osteoarthritis. |
| T489 |
1358-1365 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
| T490 |
1415-1420 |
VBZ |
denotes |
wears |
| T491 |
1365-1367 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T492 |
1367-1376 |
JJ |
denotes |
articular |
| T493 |
1377-1386 |
NN |
denotes |
cartilage |
| T494 |
1387-1393 |
IN |
denotes |
within |
| T495 |
1394-1397 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T496 |
1398-1404 |
NNS |
denotes |
joints |
| T497 |
1405-1414 |
RB |
denotes |
gradually |
| T498 |
1421-1425 |
RP |
denotes |
away |
| T499 |
1426-1428 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T500 |
1429-1437 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
| T501 |
1448-1452 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
| T502 |
1437-1438 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
| T503 |
1438-1447 |
JJ |
denotes |
deficient |
| T504 |
1453-1458 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
| T505 |
1459-1464 |
NN |
denotes |
birth |
| T506 |
1465-1467 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T507 |
1468-1469 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
| T508 |
1470-1477 |
NN |
denotes |
process |
| T509 |
1478-1488 |
VBG |
denotes |
resembling |
| T510 |
1489-1494 |
JJ |
denotes |
human |
| T511 |
1495-1509 |
NN |
denotes |
osteoarthritis |
| T512 |
1509-1510 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T513 |
1510-1614 |
sentence |
denotes |
Gdf5-Cre mice provide a general system that can be used to test the role of genes in articular regions. |
| T514 |
1511-1515 |
NN |
denotes |
Gdf5 |
| T515 |
1516-1519 |
NN |
denotes |
Cre |
| T516 |
1515-1516 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
| T517 |
1520-1524 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
| T518 |
1525-1532 |
VBP |
denotes |
provide |
| T519 |
1533-1534 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
| T520 |
1543-1549 |
NN |
denotes |
system |
| T521 |
1535-1542 |
JJ |
denotes |
general |
| T522 |
1550-1554 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
| T523 |
1562-1566 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
| T524 |
1555-1558 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
| T525 |
1559-1561 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
| T526 |
1567-1569 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
| T527 |
1570-1574 |
VB |
denotes |
test |
| T528 |
1575-1578 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T529 |
1579-1583 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
| T530 |
1584-1586 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T531 |
1587-1592 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
| T532 |
1593-1595 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T533 |
1596-1605 |
JJ |
denotes |
articular |
| T534 |
1606-1613 |
NNS |
denotes |
regions |
| T535 |
1613-1614 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T536 |
1614-1783 |
sentence |
denotes |
BMP receptor signaling is required not only for early development and creation of multiple tissues, but also for ongoing maintenance of articular cartilage after birth. |
| T537 |
1615-1618 |
NN |
denotes |
BMP |
| T538 |
1619-1627 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
| T539 |
1628-1637 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
| T540 |
1641-1649 |
VBN |
denotes |
required |
| T541 |
1638-1640 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
| T542 |
1650-1653 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
| T543 |
1659-1662 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
| T544 |
1654-1658 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
| T545 |
1663-1668 |
JJ |
denotes |
early |
| T546 |
1669-1680 |
NN |
denotes |
development |
| T547 |
1681-1684 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
| T548 |
1685-1693 |
NN |
denotes |
creation |
| T549 |
1694-1696 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T550 |
1697-1705 |
JJ |
denotes |
multiple |
| T551 |
1706-1713 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
| T552 |
1713-1715 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T553 |
1715-1718 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
| T554 |
1719-1723 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
| T555 |
1724-1727 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
| T556 |
1728-1735 |
JJ |
denotes |
ongoing |
| T557 |
1736-1747 |
NN |
denotes |
maintenance |
| T558 |
1748-1750 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T559 |
1751-1760 |
JJ |
denotes |
articular |
| T560 |
1761-1770 |
NN |
denotes |
cartilage |
| T561 |
1771-1776 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
| T562 |
1777-1782 |
NN |
denotes |
birth |
| T563 |
1782-1783 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| T564 |
1783-2063 |
sentence |
denotes |
Genetic variation in the strength of BMP receptor signaling may be an important risk factor in human osteoarthritis, and treatments that mimic or augment BMP receptor signaling should be investigated as a possible therapeutic strategy for maintaining the health of joint linings. |
| T565 |
1784-1791 |
JJ |
denotes |
Genetic |
| T566 |
1792-1801 |
NN |
denotes |
variation |
| T567 |
1848-1850 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
| T568 |
1802-1804 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T569 |
1805-1808 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T570 |
1809-1817 |
NN |
denotes |
strength |
| T571 |
1818-1820 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T572 |
1821-1824 |
NN |
denotes |
BMP |
| T573 |
1825-1833 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
| T574 |
1834-1843 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
| T575 |
1844-1847 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
| T576 |
1851-1853 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
| T577 |
1869-1875 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
| T578 |
1854-1863 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
| T579 |
1864-1868 |
NN |
denotes |
risk |
| T580 |
1876-1878 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
| T581 |
1879-1884 |
JJ |
denotes |
human |
| T582 |
1885-1899 |
NN |
denotes |
osteoarthritis |
| T583 |
1899-1901 |
, |
denotes |
, |
| T584 |
1901-1904 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
| T585 |
1905-1915 |
NNS |
denotes |
treatments |
| T586 |
1971-1983 |
VBN |
denotes |
investigated |
| T587 |
1916-1920 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
| T588 |
1921-1926 |
VBP |
denotes |
mimic |
| T589 |
1927-1929 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
| T590 |
1930-1937 |
VBP |
denotes |
augment |
| T591 |
1938-1941 |
NN |
denotes |
BMP |
| T592 |
1942-1950 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
| T593 |
1951-1960 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
| T594 |
1961-1967 |
MD |
denotes |
should |
| T595 |
1968-1970 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
| T596 |
1984-1986 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
| T597 |
1987-1988 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
| T598 |
2010-2018 |
NN |
denotes |
strategy |
| T599 |
1989-1997 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
| T600 |
1998-2009 |
JJ |
denotes |
therapeutic |
| T601 |
2019-2022 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
| T602 |
2023-2034 |
VBG |
denotes |
maintaining |
| T603 |
2035-2038 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
| T604 |
2039-2045 |
NN |
denotes |
health |
| T605 |
2046-2048 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
| T606 |
2049-2054 |
NN |
denotes |
joint |
| T607 |
2055-2062 |
NNS |
denotes |
linings |
| T608 |
2062-2063 |
. |
denotes |
. |
| R19 |
T251 |
T252 |
amod |
Articular,cartilage |
| R20 |
T252 |
T253 |
nsubj |
cartilage,plays |
| R21 |
T254 |
T255 |
det |
an,role |
| R84 |
T320 |
T321 |
advmod |
Here,use |
| R85 |
T322 |
T321 |
nsubj |
we,use |
| R86 |
T323 |
T324 |
amod |
regulatory,information |
| R145 |
T384 |
T382 |
pobj |
joints,in |
| R146 |
T385 |
T384 |
punct |
", ",joints |
| R147 |
T386 |
T384 |
prep |
including,joints |
| R148 |
T387 |
T388 |
amod |
early,interzones |
| R149 |
T388 |
T386 |
pobj |
interzones,including |
| R150 |
T389 |
T388 |
compound |
joint,interzones |
| R151 |
T390 |
T388 |
punct |
", ",interzones |
| R152 |
T391 |
T392 |
nmod |
adult,cartilage |
| R153 |
T392 |
T388 |
conj |
cartilage,interzones |
| R154 |
T393 |
T392 |
amod |
articular,cartilage |
| R190 |
T433 |
T434 |
amod |
multiple,defects |
| R191 |
T434 |
T432 |
pobj |
defects,with |
| R192 |
T435 |
T420 |
punct |
.,known |
| R193 |
T437 |
T438 |
advmod |
However,bypasses |
| R194 |
T439 |
T438 |
punct |
", ",bypasses |
| R195 |
T440 |
T438 |
csubj |
combining,bypasses |
| R213 |
T458 |
T457 |
pobj |
birth,to |
| R214 |
T459 |
T458 |
cc |
and,birth |
| R223 |
T468 |
T464 |
prep |
in,missing |
| R224 |
T469 |
T470 |
amod |
articular,regions |
| R225 |
T470 |
T468 |
pobj |
regions,in |
| R226 |
T471 |
T438 |
punct |
.,bypasses |
| R227 |
T473 |
T474 |
amod |
Most,joints |
| R228 |
T474 |
T475 |
nsubj |
joints,form |
| R229 |
T476 |
T474 |
prep |
in,joints |
| R230 |
T477 |
T478 |
det |
the,body |
| R293 |
T546 |
T543 |
pobj |
development,for |
| R294 |
T547 |
T546 |
cc |
and,development |
| R295 |
T548 |
T546 |
conj |
creation,development |
| R296 |
T549 |
T546 |
prep |
of,development |
| R297 |
T550 |
T551 |
amod |
multiple,tissues |
| R298 |
T551 |
T549 |
pobj |
tissues,of |
| R299 |
T552 |
T543 |
punct |
", ",for |
| R300 |
T553 |
T543 |
cc |
but,for |
| R301 |
T554 |
T553 |
advmod |
also,but |
| R302 |
T555 |
T543 |
conj |
for,for |
| R303 |
T556 |
T557 |
amod |
ongoing,maintenance |
| R304 |
T557 |
T555 |
pobj |
maintenance,for |
| R305 |
T558 |
T557 |
prep |
of,maintenance |
| R306 |
T559 |
T560 |
amod |
articular,cartilage |
| R307 |
T560 |
T558 |
pobj |
cartilage,of |
| R308 |
T561 |
T557 |
prep |
after,maintenance |
| R309 |
T562 |
T561 |
pobj |
birth,after |
| R22 |
T255 |
T253 |
dobj |
role,plays |
| R23 |
T256 |
T255 |
amod |
essential,role |
| R24 |
T257 |
T253 |
prep |
in,plays |
| R25 |
T258 |
T257 |
pobj |
health,in |
| R26 |
T259 |
T258 |
cc |
and,health |
| R27 |
T260 |
T258 |
conj |
mobility,health |
| R28 |
T261 |
T253 |
punct |
", ",plays |
| R29 |
T262 |
T253 |
cc |
but,plays |
| R30 |
T263 |
T264 |
auxpass |
is,damaged |
| R31 |
T264 |
T253 |
conj |
damaged,plays |
| R32 |
T265 |
T264 |
advmod |
frequently,damaged |
| R33 |
T266 |
T264 |
cc |
or,damaged |
| R34 |
T267 |
T264 |
conj |
lost,damaged |
| R35 |
T268 |
T267 |
prep |
in,lost |
| R36 |
T269 |
T268 |
pobj |
millions,in |
| R37 |
T270 |
T269 |
prep |
of,millions |
| R38 |
T271 |
T270 |
pobj |
people,of |
| R39 |
T272 |
T273 |
dep |
that,develop |
| R40 |
T273 |
T271 |
relcl |
develop,people |
| R41 |
T274 |
T273 |
dobj |
arthritis,develop |
| R42 |
T275 |
T253 |
punct |
.,plays |
| R43 |
T277 |
T278 |
det |
The,mechanisms |
| R44 |
T278 |
T280 |
nsubjpass |
mechanisms,understood |
| R45 |
T279 |
T278 |
amod |
molecular,mechanisms |
| R46 |
T281 |
T282 |
dep |
that,create |
| R47 |
T282 |
T278 |
relcl |
create,mechanisms |
| R48 |
T283 |
T282 |
cc |
and,create |
| R49 |
T284 |
T282 |
conj |
maintain,create |
| R50 |
T285 |
T286 |
det |
this,layer |
| R51 |
T286 |
T284 |
dobj |
layer,maintain |
| R52 |
T287 |
T286 |
amod |
thin,layer |
| R53 |
T288 |
T286 |
prep |
of,layer |
| R54 |
T289 |
T288 |
pobj |
cartilage,of |
| R55 |
T290 |
T291 |
dep |
that,covers |
| R56 |
T291 |
T286 |
relcl |
covers,layer |
| R57 |
T292 |
T293 |
det |
the,surface |
| R58 |
T293 |
T291 |
dobj |
surface,covers |
| R59 |
T294 |
T293 |
prep |
of,surface |
| R60 |
T295 |
T294 |
pobj |
bones,of |
| R61 |
T296 |
T291 |
prep |
in,covers |
| R62 |
T297 |
T298 |
compound |
joint,regions |
| R63 |
T298 |
T296 |
pobj |
regions,in |
| R64 |
T299 |
T280 |
auxpass |
are,understood |
| R65 |
T300 |
T280 |
advmod |
poorly,understood |
| R66 |
T301 |
T280 |
punct |
", ",understood |
| R67 |
T302 |
T303 |
prep |
in,been |
| R68 |
T303 |
T280 |
advcl |
been,understood |
| R69 |
T304 |
T302 |
amod |
part,in |
| R70 |
T305 |
T303 |
mark |
because,been |
| R71 |
T306 |
T303 |
nsubj |
tools,been |
| R72 |
T307 |
T308 |
aux |
to,manipulate |
| R73 |
T308 |
T306 |
advcl |
manipulate,tools |
| R74 |
T309 |
T310 |
compound |
gene,expression |
| R75 |
T310 |
T308 |
dobj |
expression,manipulate |
| R76 |
T311 |
T312 |
advmod |
specifically,in |
| R77 |
T312 |
T308 |
prep |
in,manipulate |
| R78 |
T313 |
T314 |
det |
this,tissue |
| R79 |
T314 |
T312 |
pobj |
tissue,in |
| R80 |
T315 |
T303 |
aux |
have,been |
| R81 |
T316 |
T303 |
neg |
not,been |
| R82 |
T317 |
T303 |
acomp |
available,been |
| R83 |
T318 |
T280 |
punct |
.,understood |
| R87 |
T324 |
T321 |
dobj |
information,use |
| R88 |
T325 |
T324 |
prep |
from,information |
| R89 |
T326 |
T327 |
det |
the,gene |
| R90 |
T327 |
T325 |
pobj |
gene,from |
| R91 |
T328 |
T327 |
compound |
mouse,gene |
| R92 |
T329 |
T327 |
compound |
Gdf5,gene |
| R93 |
T330 |
T331 |
punct |
(,member |
| R95 |
T332 |
T331 |
det |
a,member |
| R96 |
T333 |
T334 |
nmod |
bone,protein |
| R97 |
T334 |
T331 |
nmod |
protein,member |
| R98 |
T335 |
T334 |
amod |
morphogenetic,protein |
| R99 |
T336 |
T337 |
punct |
[,BMP |
| R100 |
T337 |
T334 |
appos |
BMP,protein |
| R101 |
T338 |
T337 |
punct |
],BMP |
| R102 |
T339 |
T331 |
compound |
family,member |
| R103 |
T340 |
T331 |
punct |
),member |
| R104 |
T341 |
T342 |
aux |
to,develop |
| R105 |
T342 |
T321 |
advcl |
develop,use |
| R106 |
T343 |
T344 |
amod |
new,lines |
| R107 |
T344 |
T342 |
dobj |
lines,develop |
| R108 |
T345 |
T344 |
compound |
mouse,lines |
| R109 |
T346 |
T347 |
dep |
that,used |
| R110 |
T347 |
T344 |
relcl |
used,lines |
| R111 |
T348 |
T347 |
aux |
can,used |
| R112 |
T349 |
T347 |
auxpass |
be,used |
| R113 |
T350 |
T351 |
aux |
to,activate |
| R114 |
T351 |
T347 |
advcl |
activate,used |
| R115 |
T352 |
T351 |
preconj |
either,activate |
| R116 |
T353 |
T351 |
cc |
or,activate |
| R117 |
T354 |
T351 |
conj |
inactivate,activate |
| R118 |
T355 |
T354 |
dobj |
genes,inactivate |
| R119 |
T356 |
T354 |
advmod |
specifically,inactivate |
| R120 |
T357 |
T354 |
prep |
in,inactivate |
| R121 |
T358 |
T359 |
amod |
developing,joints |
| R122 |
T359 |
T357 |
pobj |
joints,in |
| R123 |
T360 |
T321 |
punct |
.,use |
| R124 |
T362 |
T363 |
nsubj |
Expression,leads |
| R125 |
T364 |
T362 |
prep |
of,Expression |
| R126 |
T365 |
T366 |
compound |
Cre,recombinase |
| R127 |
T366 |
T364 |
pobj |
recombinase,of |
| R128 |
T367 |
T366 |
prep |
from,recombinase |
| R129 |
T368 |
T369 |
nmod |
Gdf5,chromosome |
| R130 |
T369 |
T372 |
compound |
chromosome,clones |
| R131 |
T370 |
T371 |
amod |
bacterial,artificial |
| R132 |
T371 |
T369 |
amod |
artificial,chromosome |
| R133 |
T372 |
T367 |
pobj |
clones,from |
| R134 |
T373 |
T363 |
prep |
to,leads |
| R135 |
T374 |
T375 |
amod |
specific,activation |
| R136 |
T375 |
T373 |
pobj |
activation,to |
| R137 |
T376 |
T375 |
cc |
or,activation |
| R138 |
T377 |
T375 |
conj |
inactivation,activation |
| R139 |
T378 |
T375 |
prep |
of,activation |
| R140 |
T379 |
T380 |
amod |
floxed,genes |
| R141 |
T380 |
T378 |
pobj |
genes,of |
| R142 |
T381 |
T380 |
compound |
target,genes |
| R143 |
T382 |
T363 |
prep |
in,leads |
| R144 |
T383 |
T384 |
amod |
developing,joints |
| R155 |
T394 |
T392 |
punct |
", ",cartilage |
| R156 |
T395 |
T392 |
cc |
and,cartilage |
| R157 |
T396 |
T397 |
det |
the,capsule |
| R158 |
T397 |
T392 |
conj |
capsule,cartilage |
| R159 |
T398 |
T397 |
compound |
joint,capsule |
| R160 |
T399 |
T363 |
punct |
.,leads |
| R161 |
T401 |
T402 |
nsubj |
We,used |
| R162 |
T403 |
T402 |
aux |
have,used |
| R163 |
T404 |
T405 |
det |
this,system |
| R164 |
T405 |
T402 |
dobj |
system,used |
| R165 |
T406 |
T407 |
aux |
to,test |
| R166 |
T407 |
T402 |
advcl |
test,used |
| R167 |
T408 |
T409 |
det |
the,role |
| R168 |
T409 |
T407 |
dobj |
role,test |
| R169 |
T410 |
T409 |
prep |
of,role |
| R170 |
T411 |
T412 |
compound |
BMP,signaling |
| R171 |
T412 |
T410 |
pobj |
signaling,of |
| R172 |
T413 |
T412 |
compound |
receptor,signaling |
| R173 |
T414 |
T409 |
prep |
in,role |
| R174 |
T415 |
T416 |
compound |
joint,development |
| R175 |
T416 |
T414 |
pobj |
development,in |
| R176 |
T417 |
T402 |
punct |
.,used |
| R177 |
T419 |
T420 |
nsubjpass |
Mice,known |
| R178 |
T421 |
T419 |
prep |
with,Mice |
| R179 |
T422 |
T423 |
amod |
null,mutations |
| R180 |
T423 |
T421 |
pobj |
mutations,with |
| R181 |
T424 |
T423 |
prep |
in,mutations |
| R182 |
T425 |
T424 |
pobj |
Bmpr1a,in |
| R183 |
T426 |
T420 |
auxpass |
are,known |
| R184 |
T427 |
T428 |
aux |
to,die |
| R185 |
T428 |
T420 |
xcomp |
die,known |
| R186 |
T429 |
T428 |
advmod |
early,die |
| R187 |
T430 |
T429 |
prep |
in,early |
| R188 |
T431 |
T430 |
pobj |
embryogenesis,in |
| R189 |
T432 |
T428 |
prep |
with,die |
| R196 |
T441 |
T442 |
det |
a,allele |
| R197 |
T442 |
T440 |
dobj |
allele,combining |
| R198 |
T443 |
T442 |
amod |
floxed,allele |
| R199 |
T444 |
T442 |
compound |
Bmpr1a,allele |
| R200 |
T445 |
T440 |
prep |
with,combining |
| R201 |
T446 |
T447 |
det |
the,driver |
| R202 |
T447 |
T445 |
pobj |
driver,with |
| R203 |
T448 |
T449 |
compound |
Gdf5,Cre |
| R204 |
T449 |
T447 |
compound |
Cre,driver |
| R205 |
T450 |
T449 |
punct |
-,Cre |
| R206 |
T451 |
T452 |
det |
this,lethality |
| R207 |
T452 |
T438 |
dobj |
lethality,bypasses |
| R208 |
T453 |
T452 |
amod |
embryonic,lethality |
| R209 |
T454 |
T438 |
punct |
", ",bypasses |
| R210 |
T455 |
T438 |
cc |
and,bypasses |
| R211 |
T456 |
T438 |
conj |
leads,bypasses |
| R212 |
T457 |
T456 |
prep |
to,leads |
| R215 |
T460 |
T461 |
amod |
postnatal,development |
| R216 |
T461 |
T458 |
conj |
development,birth |
| R217 |
T462 |
T458 |
prep |
of,birth |
| R218 |
T463 |
T462 |
pobj |
mice,of |
| R219 |
T464 |
T463 |
acl |
missing,mice |
| R220 |
T465 |
T466 |
det |
the,gene |
| R221 |
T466 |
T464 |
dobj |
gene,missing |
| R222 |
T467 |
T466 |
compound |
Bmpr1a,gene |
| R231 |
T478 |
T476 |
pobj |
body,in |
| R232 |
T479 |
T475 |
advmod |
normally,form |
| R233 |
T480 |
T475 |
prep |
in,form |
| R234 |
T481 |
T482 |
det |
the,absence |
| R235 |
T482 |
T480 |
pobj |
absence,in |
| R236 |
T483 |
T482 |
prep |
of,absence |
| R237 |
T484 |
T485 |
compound |
Bmpr1a,receptor |
| R238 |
T485 |
T486 |
compound |
receptor,function |
| R239 |
T486 |
T483 |
pobj |
function,of |
| R240 |
T487 |
T475 |
punct |
.,form |
| R241 |
T489 |
T490 |
advmod |
However,wears |
| R242 |
T491 |
T490 |
punct |
", ",wears |
| R243 |
T492 |
T493 |
amod |
articular,cartilage |
| R244 |
T493 |
T490 |
nsubj |
cartilage,wears |
| R245 |
T494 |
T493 |
prep |
within,cartilage |
| R246 |
T495 |
T496 |
det |
the,joints |
| R247 |
T496 |
T494 |
pobj |
joints,within |
| R248 |
T497 |
T490 |
advmod |
gradually,wears |
| R249 |
T498 |
T490 |
prt |
away,wears |
| R250 |
T499 |
T490 |
prep |
in,wears |
| R251 |
T500 |
T501 |
nmod |
receptor,mice |
| R252 |
T501 |
T499 |
pobj |
mice,in |
| R253 |
T502 |
T500 |
punct |
-,receptor |
| R254 |
T503 |
T500 |
amod |
deficient,receptor |
| R255 |
T504 |
T490 |
prep |
after,wears |
| R256 |
T505 |
T504 |
pobj |
birth,after |
| R257 |
T506 |
T490 |
prep |
in,wears |
| R258 |
T507 |
T508 |
det |
a,process |
| R259 |
T508 |
T506 |
pobj |
process,in |
| R260 |
T509 |
T508 |
acl |
resembling,process |
| R261 |
T510 |
T511 |
amod |
human,osteoarthritis |
| R262 |
T511 |
T509 |
dobj |
osteoarthritis,resembling |
| R263 |
T512 |
T490 |
punct |
.,wears |
| R264 |
T514 |
T515 |
compound |
Gdf5,Cre |
| R265 |
T515 |
T517 |
compound |
Cre,mice |
| R266 |
T516 |
T515 |
punct |
-,Cre |
| R267 |
T517 |
T518 |
nsubj |
mice,provide |
| R268 |
T519 |
T520 |
det |
a,system |
| R269 |
T520 |
T518 |
dobj |
system,provide |
| R270 |
T521 |
T520 |
amod |
general,system |
| R271 |
T522 |
T523 |
dep |
that,used |
| R272 |
T523 |
T520 |
relcl |
used,system |
| R273 |
T524 |
T523 |
aux |
can,used |
| R274 |
T525 |
T523 |
auxpass |
be,used |
| R275 |
T526 |
T527 |
aux |
to,test |
| R276 |
T527 |
T523 |
advcl |
test,used |
| R277 |
T528 |
T529 |
det |
the,role |
| R278 |
T529 |
T527 |
dobj |
role,test |
| R279 |
T530 |
T529 |
prep |
of,role |
| R280 |
T531 |
T530 |
pobj |
genes,of |
| R281 |
T532 |
T529 |
prep |
in,role |
| R282 |
T533 |
T534 |
amod |
articular,regions |
| R283 |
T534 |
T532 |
pobj |
regions,in |
| R284 |
T535 |
T518 |
punct |
.,provide |
| R285 |
T537 |
T538 |
compound |
BMP,receptor |
| R286 |
T538 |
T539 |
compound |
receptor,signaling |
| R287 |
T539 |
T540 |
nsubjpass |
signaling,required |
| R288 |
T541 |
T540 |
auxpass |
is,required |
| R289 |
T542 |
T543 |
preconj |
not,for |
| R290 |
T543 |
T540 |
prep |
for,required |
| R291 |
T544 |
T542 |
advmod |
only,not |
| R292 |
T545 |
T546 |
amod |
early,development |
| R310 |
T563 |
T540 |
punct |
.,required |
| R311 |
T565 |
T566 |
amod |
Genetic,variation |
| R312 |
T566 |
T567 |
nsubj |
variation,be |
| R313 |
T568 |
T566 |
prep |
in,variation |
| R314 |
T569 |
T570 |
det |
the,strength |
| R315 |
T570 |
T568 |
pobj |
strength,in |
| R316 |
T571 |
T570 |
prep |
of,strength |
| R317 |
T572 |
T573 |
compound |
BMP,receptor |
| R318 |
T573 |
T574 |
compound |
receptor,signaling |
| R319 |
T574 |
T571 |
pobj |
signaling,of |
| R320 |
T575 |
T567 |
aux |
may,be |
| R321 |
T576 |
T577 |
det |
an,factor |
| R322 |
T577 |
T567 |
attr |
factor,be |
| R323 |
T578 |
T577 |
amod |
important,factor |
| R324 |
T579 |
T577 |
compound |
risk,factor |
| R325 |
T580 |
T567 |
prep |
in,be |
| R326 |
T581 |
T582 |
amod |
human,osteoarthritis |
| R327 |
T582 |
T580 |
pobj |
osteoarthritis,in |
| R328 |
T583 |
T567 |
punct |
", ",be |
| R329 |
T584 |
T567 |
cc |
and,be |
| R330 |
T585 |
T586 |
nsubjpass |
treatments,investigated |
| R331 |
T586 |
T567 |
conj |
investigated,be |
| R332 |
T587 |
T588 |
dep |
that,mimic |
| R333 |
T588 |
T585 |
relcl |
mimic,treatments |
| R334 |
T589 |
T588 |
cc |
or,mimic |
| R335 |
T590 |
T588 |
conj |
augment,mimic |
| R336 |
T591 |
T592 |
compound |
BMP,receptor |
| R337 |
T592 |
T593 |
compound |
receptor,signaling |
| R338 |
T593 |
T590 |
dobj |
signaling,augment |
| R339 |
T594 |
T586 |
aux |
should,investigated |
| R340 |
T595 |
T586 |
auxpass |
be,investigated |
| R341 |
T596 |
T586 |
prep |
as,investigated |
| R342 |
T597 |
T598 |
det |
a,strategy |
| R343 |
T598 |
T596 |
pobj |
strategy,as |
| R344 |
T599 |
T598 |
amod |
possible,strategy |
| R345 |
T600 |
T598 |
amod |
therapeutic,strategy |
| R346 |
T601 |
T598 |
prep |
for,strategy |
| R347 |
T602 |
T601 |
pcomp |
maintaining,for |
| R348 |
T603 |
T604 |
det |
the,health |
| R349 |
T604 |
T602 |
dobj |
health,maintaining |
| R350 |
T605 |
T604 |
prep |
of,health |
| R351 |
T606 |
T607 |
compound |
joint,linings |
| R352 |
T607 |
T605 |
pobj |
linings,of |
| R353 |
T608 |
T586 |
punct |
.,investigated |
| R94 |
T331 |
T327 |
parataxis |
member,gene |