PMC:5126056 / 62364-63952 JSONTXT

{"project":"0_colil","denotations":[{"id":"27965528-8494343-246869","span":{"begin":93,"end":97},"obj":"8494343"},{"id":"27965528-10949087-246870","span":{"begin":129,"end":133},"obj":"10949087"},{"id":"27965528-23508731-246871","span":{"begin":153,"end":157},"obj":"23508731"},{"id":"27965528-18082288-246872","span":{"begin":250,"end":254},"obj":"18082288"},{"id":"27965528-19064614-246873","span":{"begin":270,"end":274},"obj":"19064614"},{"id":"27965528-22369253-246874","span":{"begin":290,"end":294},"obj":"22369253"},{"id":"27965528-1581637-246875","span":{"begin":423,"end":427},"obj":"1581637"},{"id":"27965528-8028041-246876","span":{"begin":755,"end":759},"obj":"8028041"},{"id":"27965528-10982463-246877","span":{"begin":950,"end":954},"obj":"10982463"},{"id":"27965528-19800344-246878","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1113},"obj":"19800344"},{"id":"27965528-23583472-246879","span":{"begin":1238,"end":1242},"obj":"23583472"},{"id":"27965528-25791494-246880","span":{"begin":1319,"end":1323},"obj":"25791494"},{"id":"27965528-26151373-246881","span":{"begin":1493,"end":1497},"obj":"26151373"}],"text":"Peptide YY consists of two forms, PYYa and PYYb (previously called PY) (Wahlestedt and Reis, 1993; Cerdá-Reverter and Larhammar, 2000; Sundström et al., 2013) and is a brain-gut peptide that acts as an anorexigenic signal in mammals (Blevins et al., 2008; Karra et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2012). Interestingly, one of the first studies showing an effect of PYY on feeding in mammals used fish PYY (Balasubramaniam et al., 1992). PYY was first shown to be present in the gastrointestinal tract of fish by immunochemical methods in the 1980's (daddy sculpin Cottus scorpius and Baltic sea cod Gadus morhua callarias El-Salhy, 1984) and first cloned and detected in the brain by ISH in an Agnatha, the river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis; Söderberg et al., 1994). The first indirect evidence of a role for PYY in feeding in fish was provided in sea bass, in which PYY transcripts were detected in brain areas regulating feeding (Cerdá-Reverter et al., 2000) and the first direct evidence of an anorexigenic role for PYY in fish was provided by IP injections of goldfish PYY in goldfish (Gonzalez and Unniappan, 2010). Peripheral injections of species-specific PYY also decrease food intake in another cyprinid, the grass carp (Chen et al., 2013) and in Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii (Acipenseriformes) (Chen et al., 2015). However, in channel catfish (Siluriformes), human PYY injections do not affect food intake or plasma glucose levels or hypothalamic POMC expression (Schroeter et al., 2015), suggesting perhaps that species-specific PYYs are needed to elicit an effect on feeding."}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"27965528-8494343-38190803","span":{"begin":93,"end":97},"obj":"8494343"},{"id":"27965528-10949087-38190804","span":{"begin":129,"end":133},"obj":"10949087"},{"id":"27965528-23508731-38190805","span":{"begin":153,"end":157},"obj":"23508731"},{"id":"27965528-18082288-38190806","span":{"begin":250,"end":254},"obj":"18082288"},{"id":"27965528-19064614-38190807","span":{"begin":270,"end":274},"obj":"19064614"},{"id":"27965528-22369253-38190808","span":{"begin":290,"end":294},"obj":"22369253"},{"id":"27965528-1581637-38190809","span":{"begin":423,"end":427},"obj":"1581637"},{"id":"27965528-8028041-38190810","span":{"begin":755,"end":759},"obj":"8028041"},{"id":"27965528-10982463-38190811","span":{"begin":950,"end":954},"obj":"10982463"},{"id":"27965528-19800344-38190812","span":{"begin":1109,"end":1113},"obj":"19800344"},{"id":"27965528-23583472-38190813","span":{"begin":1238,"end":1242},"obj":"23583472"},{"id":"27965528-25791494-38190814","span":{"begin":1319,"end":1323},"obj":"25791494"},{"id":"27965528-26151373-38190815","span":{"begin":1493,"end":1497},"obj":"26151373"}],"text":"Peptide YY consists of two forms, PYYa and PYYb (previously called PY) (Wahlestedt and Reis, 1993; Cerdá-Reverter and Larhammar, 2000; Sundström et al., 2013) and is a brain-gut peptide that acts as an anorexigenic signal in mammals (Blevins et al., 2008; Karra et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2012). Interestingly, one of the first studies showing an effect of PYY on feeding in mammals used fish PYY (Balasubramaniam et al., 1992). PYY was first shown to be present in the gastrointestinal tract of fish by immunochemical methods in the 1980's (daddy sculpin Cottus scorpius and Baltic sea cod Gadus morhua callarias El-Salhy, 1984) and first cloned and detected in the brain by ISH in an Agnatha, the river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis; Söderberg et al., 1994). The first indirect evidence of a role for PYY in feeding in fish was provided in sea bass, in which PYY transcripts were detected in brain areas regulating feeding (Cerdá-Reverter et al., 2000) and the first direct evidence of an anorexigenic role for PYY in fish was provided by IP injections of goldfish PYY in goldfish (Gonzalez and Unniappan, 2010). Peripheral injections of species-specific PYY also decrease food intake in another cyprinid, the grass carp (Chen et al., 2013) and in Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii (Acipenseriformes) (Chen et al., 2015). However, in channel catfish (Siluriformes), human PYY injections do not affect food intake or plasma glucose levels or hypothalamic POMC expression (Schroeter et al., 2015), suggesting perhaps that species-specific PYYs are needed to elicit an effect on feeding."}