Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T2006 |
8841-8845 |
JJ |
denotes |
fast |
T112 |
369-376 |
NN |
denotes |
process |
T113 |
376-377 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T114 |
377-501 |
sentence |
denotes |
We describe the engineering of a mouse capable of continuous running of up to twice the distance of a wild-type littermate. |
T115 |
378-380 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T116 |
381-389 |
VBP |
denotes |
describe |
T117 |
390-393 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T118 |
394-405 |
NN |
denotes |
engineering |
T119 |
406-408 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T120 |
409-410 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T121 |
411-416 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T122 |
417-424 |
JJ |
denotes |
capable |
T123 |
425-427 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T124 |
428-438 |
JJ |
denotes |
continuous |
T125 |
439-446 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T126 |
447-449 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T127 |
450-452 |
RB |
denotes |
up |
T128 |
456-461 |
RB |
denotes |
twice |
T129 |
453-455 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T130 |
466-474 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T131 |
462-465 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T132 |
475-477 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T133 |
478-479 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T134 |
490-500 |
NN |
denotes |
littermate |
T135 |
480-484 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T136 |
485-489 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T137 |
484-485 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T138 |
500-501 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T139 |
501-713 |
sentence |
denotes |
This was achieved by targeted expression of an activated form of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) in skeletal muscle, which induces a switch to form increased numbers of type I muscle fibers. |
T140 |
502-506 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T141 |
511-519 |
VBN |
denotes |
achieved |
T142 |
507-510 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T143 |
520-522 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T144 |
523-531 |
JJ |
denotes |
targeted |
T145 |
532-542 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T146 |
543-545 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T147 |
546-548 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T148 |
559-563 |
NN |
denotes |
form |
T149 |
549-558 |
JJ |
denotes |
activated |
T150 |
564-566 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T151 |
567-577 |
NN |
denotes |
peroxisome |
T152 |
578-590 |
NN |
denotes |
proliferator |
T153 |
591-600 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T154 |
590-591 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T155 |
601-609 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T156 |
610-611 |
SYM |
denotes |
δ |
T157 |
612-613 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T158 |
613-618 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T159 |
618-619 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T160 |
620-622 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T161 |
623-631 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T162 |
632-638 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T163 |
638-640 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T164 |
640-645 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T192 |
779-783 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T193 |
786-791 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T194 |
784-785 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T195 |
792-796 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T196 |
797-807 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T197 |
816-818 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T198 |
819-825 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T199 |
825-826 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T200 |
826-967 |
sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, these genetically generated fibers confer resistance to obesity with improved metabolic profiles, even in the absence of exercise. |
T201 |
827-835 |
RB |
denotes |
Moreover |
T202 |
872-878 |
VBP |
denotes |
confer |
T203 |
835-837 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T204 |
837-842 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T205 |
865-871 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T206 |
843-854 |
RB |
denotes |
genetically |
T207 |
855-864 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T208 |
879-889 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T209 |
890-892 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T210 |
893-900 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T211 |
901-905 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T212 |
906-914 |
VBN |
denotes |
improved |
T213 |
925-933 |
NNS |
denotes |
profiles |
T214 |
915-924 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T215 |
933-935 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T216 |
935-939 |
RB |
denotes |
even |
T217 |
940-942 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T218 |
943-946 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T219 |
947-954 |
NN |
denotes |
absence |
T220 |
955-957 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T221 |
958-966 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T222 |
966-967 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T223 |
967-1123 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results demonstrate that complex physiologic properties such as fatigue, endurance, and running capacity can be molecularly analyzed and manipulated. |
T224 |
968-973 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T225 |
974-981 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T226 |
982-993 |
VBP |
denotes |
demonstrate |
T227 |
994-998 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T228 |
1098-1106 |
VBN |
denotes |
analyzed |
T229 |
999-1006 |
JJ |
denotes |
complex |
T230 |
1019-1029 |
NNS |
denotes |
properties |
T231 |
1007-1018 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T232 |
1030-1034 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T233 |
1035-1037 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T234 |
1038-1045 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T235 |
1045-1047 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T236 |
1047-1056 |
NN |
denotes |
endurance |
T237 |
1056-1058 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T238 |
1058-1061 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T425 |
1341-1349 |
JJ |
denotes |
Skeletal |
T426 |
1357-1363 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T427 |
1350-1356 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T428 |
1378-1388 |
VBN |
denotes |
classified |
T429 |
1364-1367 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T430 |
1368-1377 |
RB |
denotes |
generally |
T431 |
1389-1391 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T432 |
1392-1396 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T433 |
1445-1451 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T434 |
1397-1398 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T435 |
1399-1400 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T436 |
1410-1414 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T437 |
1400-1409 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T438 |
1409-1410 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T439 |
1414-1415 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T440 |
1416-1418 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T441 |
1419-1423 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T442 |
1424-1426 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T443 |
1427-1428 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T444 |
1439-1443 |
JJ |
denotes |
fast |
T445 |
1428-1438 |
JJ |
denotes |
glycolytic |
T446 |
1438-1439 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T447 |
1443-1444 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T448 |
1451-1452 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T449 |
1452-1554 |
sentence |
denotes |
They display marked differences in respect to contraction, metabolism, and susceptibility to fatigue. |
T450 |
1453-1457 |
PRP |
denotes |
They |
T451 |
1458-1465 |
VBP |
denotes |
display |
T452 |
1466-1472 |
JJ |
denotes |
marked |
T453 |
1473-1484 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T454 |
1485-1487 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T455 |
1488-1495 |
NN |
denotes |
respect |
T456 |
1496-1498 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T457 |
1499-1510 |
NN |
denotes |
contraction |
T458 |
1510-1512 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T459 |
1512-1522 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T460 |
1522-1524 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T461 |
1524-1527 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T462 |
1528-1542 |
NN |
denotes |
susceptibility |
T463 |
1543-1545 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T464 |
1546-1553 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T465 |
1553-1554 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T466 |
1554-1737 |
sentence |
denotes |
Type I fibers are mitochondria-rich and mainly use oxidative metabolism for energy production, which provides a stable and long-lasting supply of ATP, and thus are fatigue-resistant. |
T467 |
1555-1559 |
NN |
denotes |
Type |
T468 |
1562-1568 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T469 |
1560-1561 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T470 |
1569-1572 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T471 |
1573-1585 |
NNS |
denotes |
mitochondria |
T472 |
1586-1590 |
JJ |
denotes |
rich |
T473 |
1585-1586 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T474 |
1591-1594 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T475 |
1595-1601 |
RB |
denotes |
mainly |
T476 |
1602-1605 |
VBP |
denotes |
use |
T477 |
1606-1615 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T478 |
1616-1626 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T479 |
1627-1630 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T480 |
1631-1637 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T481 |
1638-1648 |
NN |
denotes |
production |
T482 |
1648-1650 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T483 |
1650-1655 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T484 |
1656-1664 |
VBZ |
denotes |
provides |
T485 |
1665-1666 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T486 |
1691-1697 |
NN |
denotes |
supply |
T487 |
1667-1673 |
JJ |
denotes |
stable |
T488 |
1674-1677 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T489 |
1678-1682 |
JJ |
denotes |
long |
T490 |
1683-1690 |
VBG |
denotes |
lasting |
T491 |
1682-1683 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T492 |
1698-1700 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T493 |
1701-1704 |
NN |
denotes |
ATP |
T494 |
1704-1706 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T495 |
1706-1709 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T496 |
1710-1714 |
RB |
denotes |
thus |
T497 |
1715-1718 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T498 |
1719-1726 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T499 |
1727-1736 |
JJ |
denotes |
resistant |
T500 |
1726-1727 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T501 |
1736-1737 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T502 |
1737-1796 |
sentence |
denotes |
Type II fibers comprise three subtypes, IIa, IIx, and IIb. |
T503 |
1738-1742 |
NN |
denotes |
Type |
T504 |
1746-1752 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T505 |
1743-1745 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T506 |
1753-1761 |
VBP |
denotes |
comprise |
T507 |
1762-1767 |
CD |
denotes |
three |
T508 |
1768-1776 |
NNS |
denotes |
subtypes |
T509 |
1776-1778 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T510 |
1778-1781 |
NN |
denotes |
IIa |
T511 |
1781-1783 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T512 |
1783-1786 |
NN |
denotes |
IIx |
T513 |
1786-1788 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T514 |
1788-1791 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T515 |
1792-1795 |
NN |
denotes |
IIb |
T516 |
1795-1796 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T517 |
1796-2139 |
sentence |
denotes |
Type IIb fibers have the lowest levels of mitochondrial content and oxidative enzymes, rely on glycolytic metabolism as a major energy source, and are susceptible to fatigue, while the oxidative and contraction functions of type IIa and IIx lie between type I and IIb (Booth and Thomason 1991; Berchtold et al. 2000; Olson and Williams 2000). |
T518 |
1797-1801 |
NN |
denotes |
Type |
T519 |
1802-1805 |
NN |
denotes |
IIb |
T520 |
1806-1812 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T521 |
1813-1817 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T522 |
1818-1821 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T523 |
1829-1835 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T524 |
1822-1828 |
JJS |
denotes |
lowest |
T525 |
1836-1838 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T526 |
1839-1852 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T527 |
1853-1860 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T528 |
1861-1864 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T529 |
1865-1874 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T530 |
1875-1882 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T531 |
1882-1884 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T532 |
1884-1888 |
VBP |
denotes |
rely |
T533 |
1889-1891 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T534 |
1892-1902 |
JJ |
denotes |
glycolytic |
T535 |
1903-1913 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T536 |
1914-1916 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T537 |
1917-1918 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T538 |
1932-1938 |
NN |
denotes |
source |
T539 |
1919-1924 |
JJ |
denotes |
major |
T540 |
1925-1931 |
NN |
denotes |
energy |
T541 |
1938-1940 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T542 |
1940-1943 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T543 |
1944-1947 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T544 |
1948-1959 |
JJ |
denotes |
susceptible |
T545 |
1960-1962 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T546 |
1963-1970 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T547 |
1970-1972 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T548 |
1972-1977 |
IN |
denotes |
while |
T549 |
2038-2041 |
VBP |
denotes |
lie |
T550 |
1978-1981 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T551 |
2008-2017 |
NNS |
denotes |
functions |
T552 |
1982-1991 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T553 |
1992-1995 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T554 |
1996-2007 |
NN |
denotes |
contraction |
T555 |
2018-2020 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T556 |
2021-2025 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T557 |
2026-2029 |
NN |
denotes |
IIa |
T558 |
2030-2033 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T559 |
2034-2037 |
NN |
denotes |
IIx |
T560 |
2042-2049 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T561 |
2050-2054 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T562 |
2061-2064 |
NN |
denotes |
IIb |
T563 |
2055-2056 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T564 |
2057-2060 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T565 |
2065-2066 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T566 |
2066-2071 |
NNP |
denotes |
Booth |
T567 |
2072-2075 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T568 |
2076-2084 |
NNP |
denotes |
Thomason |
T569 |
2085-2089 |
CD |
denotes |
1991 |
T570 |
2089-2090 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T571 |
2091-2100 |
NNP |
denotes |
Berchtold |
T572 |
2101-2103 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T573 |
2104-2107 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T574 |
2108-2112 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T575 |
2112-2113 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T576 |
2114-2119 |
NNP |
denotes |
Olson |
T577 |
2120-2123 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T578 |
2124-2132 |
NNP |
denotes |
Williams |
T579 |
2133-2137 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T580 |
2137-2138 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T581 |
2138-2139 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T582 |
2139-2400 |
sentence |
denotes |
Adult skeletal muscle shows plasticity and can undergo conversion between different fiber types in response to exercise training or modulation of motoneuron activity (Booth and Thomason 1991, Jarvis et al. 1996; Pette 1998; Olson and Williams 2000; Hood 2001). |
T583 |
2140-2145 |
JJ |
denotes |
Adult |
T584 |
2155-2161 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T585 |
2146-2154 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T586 |
2162-2167 |
VBZ |
denotes |
shows |
T587 |
2168-2178 |
NN |
denotes |
plasticity |
T588 |
2179-2182 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T589 |
2183-2186 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T590 |
2187-2194 |
VB |
denotes |
undergo |
T591 |
2195-2205 |
NN |
denotes |
conversion |
T592 |
2206-2213 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T593 |
2214-2223 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T594 |
2230-2235 |
NNS |
denotes |
types |
T595 |
2224-2229 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T596 |
2236-2238 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T597 |
2239-2247 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T598 |
2248-2250 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T599 |
2251-2259 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T600 |
2260-2268 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T601 |
2269-2271 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T602 |
2272-2282 |
NN |
denotes |
modulation |
T603 |
2283-2285 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T604 |
2286-2296 |
NN |
denotes |
motoneuron |
T605 |
2297-2305 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T606 |
2306-2307 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T607 |
2307-2312 |
NNP |
denotes |
Booth |
T608 |
2313-2316 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T609 |
2317-2325 |
NNP |
denotes |
Thomason |
T610 |
2326-2330 |
CD |
denotes |
1991 |
T611 |
2330-2332 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T612 |
2332-2338 |
NNP |
denotes |
Jarvis |
T613 |
2339-2341 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T614 |
2342-2345 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T615 |
2346-2350 |
CD |
denotes |
1996 |
T616 |
2350-2351 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T617 |
2352-2357 |
NNP |
denotes |
Pette |
T618 |
2358-2362 |
CD |
denotes |
1998 |
T619 |
2362-2363 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T620 |
2364-2369 |
NNP |
denotes |
Olson |
T621 |
2370-2373 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T622 |
2374-2382 |
NNP |
denotes |
Williams |
T623 |
2383-2387 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T624 |
2387-2388 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T625 |
2389-2393 |
NNP |
denotes |
Hood |
T626 |
2394-2398 |
CD |
denotes |
2001 |
T627 |
2398-2399 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T628 |
2399-2400 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T629 |
2400-2765 |
sentence |
denotes |
This conversion of muscle fiber from type IIb to type IIa and type I is likely to be mediated by a calcium signaling pathway that involves calcineurin, calmodulin-dependent kinase, and the transcriptional cofactor Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) (Naya et al. 2000; Olson and Williams 2000; Lin et al. 2002; Wu et al. 2002). |
T630 |
2401-2405 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T631 |
2406-2416 |
NN |
denotes |
conversion |
T632 |
2470-2472 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T633 |
2417-2419 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T634 |
2420-2426 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T635 |
2427-2432 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T636 |
2433-2437 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T637 |
2438-2442 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T638 |
2443-2446 |
NN |
denotes |
IIb |
T639 |
2447-2449 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T640 |
2450-2454 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T641 |
2455-2458 |
NN |
denotes |
IIa |
T642 |
2459-2462 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T643 |
2463-2467 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T644 |
2468-2469 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T645 |
2473-2479 |
JJ |
denotes |
likely |
T646 |
2480-2482 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T647 |
2486-2494 |
VBN |
denotes |
mediated |
T648 |
2483-2485 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T649 |
2495-2497 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T650 |
2498-2499 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T651 |
2518-2525 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T652 |
2500-2507 |
NN |
denotes |
calcium |
T653 |
2508-2517 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T654 |
2526-2530 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T655 |
2531-2539 |
VBZ |
denotes |
involves |
T656 |
2540-2551 |
NN |
denotes |
calcineurin |
T657 |
2551-2553 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T658 |
2553-2563 |
NN |
denotes |
calmodulin |
T659 |
2564-2573 |
JJ |
denotes |
dependent |
T660 |
2563-2564 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T661 |
2574-2580 |
NN |
denotes |
kinase |
T662 |
2580-2582 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T663 |
2582-2585 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T664 |
2586-2589 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T665 |
2606-2614 |
NN |
denotes |
cofactor |
T666 |
2590-2605 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T667 |
2615-2625 |
NN |
denotes |
Peroxisome |
T668 |
2626-2638 |
NN |
denotes |
proliferator |
T669 |
2639-2648 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T670 |
2638-2639 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T671 |
2649-2657 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T672 |
2664-2675 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T673 |
2657-2658 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T674 |
2658-2663 |
NN |
denotes |
gamma |
T675 |
2676-2678 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T676 |
2679-2680 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T677 |
2680-2683 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T678 |
2684-2686 |
NN |
denotes |
1α |
T679 |
2683-2684 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T680 |
2686-2687 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T681 |
2688-2689 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T682 |
2689-2693 |
NNP |
denotes |
Naya |
T683 |
2694-2696 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T684 |
2697-2700 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T685 |
2701-2705 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T686 |
2705-2706 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T687 |
2707-2712 |
NNP |
denotes |
Olson |
T688 |
2713-2716 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T689 |
2717-2725 |
NNP |
denotes |
Williams |
T690 |
2726-2730 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T691 |
2730-2731 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T692 |
2732-2735 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T693 |
2736-2738 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T694 |
2739-2742 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T695 |
2743-2747 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T696 |
2747-2748 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T697 |
2749-2751 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wu |
T698 |
2752-2754 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T699 |
2755-2758 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T700 |
2759-2763 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T701 |
2763-2764 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T702 |
2764-2765 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T703 |
2765-2926 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, the targeted transcriptional factors directly responsible for reprogramming the fiber-specific contractile and metabolic genes remain to be identified. |
T704 |
2766-2773 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T705 |
2902-2908 |
VBP |
denotes |
remain |
T706 |
2773-2775 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T707 |
2775-2778 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T708 |
2804-2811 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T709 |
2779-2787 |
VBN |
denotes |
targeted |
T710 |
2788-2803 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T711 |
2812-2820 |
RB |
denotes |
directly |
T712 |
2821-2832 |
JJ |
denotes |
responsible |
T713 |
2833-2836 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T714 |
2837-2850 |
VBG |
denotes |
reprogramming |
T715 |
2851-2854 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T716 |
2896-2901 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T717 |
2855-2860 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T718 |
2861-2869 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T719 |
2860-2861 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T720 |
2870-2881 |
JJ |
denotes |
contractile |
T721 |
2882-2885 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T722 |
2886-2895 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T723 |
2909-2911 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T724 |
2915-2925 |
VBN |
denotes |
identified |
T725 |
2912-2914 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T726 |
2925-2926 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T727 |
2926-3005 |
sentence |
denotes |
Muscle fiber specification appears to be associated with obesity and diabetes. |
T728 |
2927-2933 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T729 |
2940-2953 |
NN |
denotes |
specification |
T730 |
2934-2939 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T731 |
2954-2961 |
VBZ |
denotes |
appears |
T732 |
2962-2964 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T733 |
2968-2978 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T734 |
2965-2967 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T735 |
2979-2983 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T736 |
2984-2991 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T737 |
2992-2995 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T738 |
2996-3004 |
NN |
denotes |
diabetes |
T739 |
3004-3005 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T740 |
3005-3119 |
sentence |
denotes |
For instance, rodents that gain the most weight on high-fat diets possess fewer type I fibers (Abou et al. 1992). |
T741 |
3006-3009 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T742 |
3072-3079 |
VBP |
denotes |
possess |
T743 |
3010-3018 |
NN |
denotes |
instance |
T744 |
3018-3020 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T745 |
3020-3027 |
NNS |
denotes |
rodents |
T746 |
3028-3032 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T747 |
3033-3037 |
VBP |
denotes |
gain |
T748 |
3038-3041 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T749 |
3047-3053 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T750 |
3042-3046 |
JJS |
denotes |
most |
T751 |
3054-3056 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T752 |
3057-3061 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T753 |
3062-3065 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T754 |
3061-3062 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T755 |
3066-3071 |
NNS |
denotes |
diets |
T756 |
3080-3085 |
JJR |
denotes |
fewer |
T757 |
3093-3099 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T758 |
3086-3090 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T759 |
3091-3092 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T760 |
3100-3101 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T761 |
3101-3105 |
NNP |
denotes |
Abou |
T762 |
3106-3108 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T763 |
3109-3112 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T764 |
3113-3117 |
CD |
denotes |
1992 |
T765 |
3117-3118 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T766 |
3118-3119 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T767 |
3119-3325 |
sentence |
denotes |
In obese patients, skeletal muscle has been observed to have reduced oxidative capacity, increased glycolytic capacity, and a decreased percentage of type I fibers (Hickey et al. 1995; Tanner et al. 2002). |
T768 |
3120-3122 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T769 |
3164-3172 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T770 |
3123-3128 |
JJ |
denotes |
obese |
T771 |
3129-3137 |
NNS |
denotes |
patients |
T772 |
3137-3139 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T773 |
3139-3147 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T774 |
3148-3154 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T775 |
3155-3158 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T776 |
3159-3163 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T777 |
3173-3175 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T778 |
3176-3180 |
VB |
denotes |
have |
T779 |
3181-3188 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T780 |
3199-3207 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T781 |
3189-3198 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T782 |
3207-3209 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T783 |
3209-3218 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T784 |
3230-3238 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T785 |
3219-3229 |
JJ |
denotes |
glycolytic |
T786 |
3238-3240 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T787 |
3240-3243 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T788 |
3244-3245 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T789 |
3256-3266 |
NN |
denotes |
percentage |
T790 |
3246-3255 |
VBN |
denotes |
decreased |
T791 |
3267-3269 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T792 |
3270-3274 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T793 |
3277-3283 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T794 |
3275-3276 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T795 |
3284-3285 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T796 |
3285-3291 |
NNP |
denotes |
Hickey |
T797 |
3292-3294 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T798 |
3295-3298 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T799 |
3299-3303 |
CD |
denotes |
1995 |
T800 |
3303-3304 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T801 |
3305-3311 |
NNP |
denotes |
Tanner |
T802 |
3312-3314 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T803 |
3315-3318 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T804 |
3319-3323 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T805 |
3323-3324 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T806 |
3324-3325 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T807 |
3325-3433 |
sentence |
denotes |
Similar observations have been made in type 2 diabetic patients (Lillioja et al. 1987; Hickey et al. 1995). |
T808 |
3326-3333 |
JJ |
denotes |
Similar |
T809 |
3334-3346 |
NNS |
denotes |
observations |
T810 |
3357-3361 |
VBN |
denotes |
made |
T811 |
3347-3351 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T812 |
3352-3356 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T813 |
3362-3364 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T814 |
3365-3369 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T815 |
3372-3380 |
JJ |
denotes |
diabetic |
T816 |
3370-3371 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T817 |
3381-3389 |
NNS |
denotes |
patients |
T818 |
3390-3391 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T819 |
3391-3399 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lillioja |
T820 |
3400-3402 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T821 |
3403-3406 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T822 |
3407-3411 |
CD |
denotes |
1987 |
T823 |
3411-3412 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T824 |
3413-3419 |
NNP |
denotes |
Hickey |
T825 |
3420-3422 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T826 |
3423-3426 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T827 |
3427-3431 |
CD |
denotes |
1995 |
T828 |
3431-3432 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T829 |
3432-3433 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T830 |
3433-3598 |
sentence |
denotes |
Recently, it has been shown that increasing oxidative fibers can lead to improved insulin action and reduced adipocyte size (Luquet et al. 2003; Ryder et al. 2003). |
T831 |
3434-3442 |
RB |
denotes |
Recently |
T832 |
3456-3461 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T833 |
3442-3444 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T834 |
3444-3446 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T835 |
3447-3450 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T836 |
3451-3455 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T837 |
3462-3466 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T838 |
3499-3503 |
VB |
denotes |
lead |
T839 |
3467-3477 |
VBG |
denotes |
increasing |
T840 |
3488-3494 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T841 |
3478-3487 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T842 |
3495-3498 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T843 |
3504-3506 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T844 |
3507-3515 |
VBN |
denotes |
improved |
T845 |
3524-3530 |
NN |
denotes |
action |
T846 |
3516-3523 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T847 |
3531-3534 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T848 |
3535-3542 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T849 |
3553-3557 |
NN |
denotes |
size |
T850 |
3543-3552 |
NN |
denotes |
adipocyte |
T851 |
3558-3559 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T852 |
3559-3565 |
NNP |
denotes |
Luquet |
T853 |
3566-3568 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T854 |
3569-3572 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T855 |
3573-3577 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T856 |
3577-3578 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T857 |
3579-3584 |
NNP |
denotes |
Ryder |
T858 |
3585-3587 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T859 |
3588-3591 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T860 |
3592-3596 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T861 |
3596-3597 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T862 |
3597-3598 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T863 |
3598-3856 |
sentence |
denotes |
We have previously established that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) δ is a major transcriptional regulator of fat burning in adipose tissue through activation of enzymes associated with long-chain fatty-acid β-oxidation (Wang et al. 2003). |
T864 |
3599-3601 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T865 |
3618-3629 |
VBN |
denotes |
established |
T866 |
3602-3606 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T867 |
3607-3617 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T868 |
3630-3634 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T869 |
3687-3689 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T870 |
3635-3645 |
NN |
denotes |
peroxisome |
T871 |
3646-3658 |
NN |
denotes |
proliferator |
T872 |
3659-3668 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T873 |
3658-3659 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T874 |
3669-3677 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T875 |
3678-3679 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T876 |
3679-3683 |
NN |
denotes |
PPAR |
T877 |
3683-3684 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T878 |
3685-3686 |
SYM |
denotes |
δ |
T879 |
3690-3691 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T880 |
3714-3723 |
NN |
denotes |
regulator |
T881 |
3692-3697 |
JJ |
denotes |
major |
T882 |
3698-3713 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T883 |
3724-3726 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T884 |
3727-3730 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T885 |
3731-3738 |
NN |
denotes |
burning |
T886 |
3739-3741 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T887 |
3742-3749 |
NN |
denotes |
adipose |
T888 |
3750-3756 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T889 |
3757-3764 |
IN |
denotes |
through |
T890 |
3765-3775 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T891 |
3776-3778 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T892 |
3779-3786 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T893 |
3787-3797 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T894 |
3798-3802 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T895 |
3803-3807 |
JJ |
denotes |
long |
T896 |
3808-3813 |
NN |
denotes |
chain |
T897 |
3807-3808 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T898 |
3827-3836 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T899 |
3814-3819 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T900 |
3820-3824 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T901 |
3819-3820 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T902 |
3825-3826 |
NN |
denotes |
β |
T903 |
3826-3827 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T904 |
3837-3838 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T905 |
3838-3842 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wang |
T906 |
3843-3845 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T907 |
3846-3849 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T908 |
3850-3854 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T909 |
3854-3855 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T910 |
3855-3856 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T911 |
3856-3977 |
sentence |
denotes |
Although PPARδ is the predominant PPAR isoform present in skeletal muscle, its in vivo function has not been determined. |
T912 |
3857-3865 |
IN |
denotes |
Although |
T913 |
3872-3874 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T914 |
3866-3871 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T915 |
3966-3976 |
VBN |
denotes |
determined |
T916 |
3875-3878 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T917 |
3896-3903 |
NN |
denotes |
isoform |
T918 |
3879-3890 |
JJ |
denotes |
predominant |
T919 |
3891-3895 |
NN |
denotes |
PPAR |
T920 |
3904-3911 |
JJ |
denotes |
present |
T921 |
3912-3914 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T922 |
3915-3923 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T923 |
3924-3930 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T924 |
3930-3932 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T925 |
3932-3935 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T926 |
3944-3952 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T927 |
3936-3938 |
FW |
denotes |
in |
T928 |
3939-3943 |
FW |
denotes |
vivo |
T929 |
3953-3956 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T930 |
3957-3960 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T931 |
3961-3965 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T932 |
3976-3977 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T933 |
3977-4231 |
sentence |
denotes |
Our current study uncovers PPARδ as the first transcription factor able to drive the formation of functional type I muscle fibers, whose activation entrains complex pathways both enhancing physical performance and creating a state of obesity resistance. |
T934 |
3978-3981 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
Our |
T935 |
3990-3995 |
NN |
denotes |
study |
T936 |
3982-3989 |
JJ |
denotes |
current |
T937 |
3996-4004 |
VBZ |
denotes |
uncovers |
T938 |
4005-4010 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T939 |
4011-4013 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T940 |
4014-4017 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T941 |
4038-4044 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
T942 |
4018-4023 |
JJ |
denotes |
first |
T943 |
4024-4037 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T944 |
4045-4049 |
JJ |
denotes |
able |
T945 |
4050-4052 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T946 |
4053-4058 |
VB |
denotes |
drive |
T947 |
4059-4062 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T948 |
4063-4072 |
NN |
denotes |
formation |
T949 |
4073-4075 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T950 |
4076-4086 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T951 |
4101-4107 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T952 |
4087-4091 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T953 |
4092-4093 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T954 |
4094-4100 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T955 |
4107-4109 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T956 |
4109-4114 |
WP$ |
denotes |
whose |
T957 |
4115-4125 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T958 |
4126-4134 |
VBZ |
denotes |
entrains |
T959 |
4135-4142 |
JJ |
denotes |
complex |
T960 |
4143-4151 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T961 |
4152-4156 |
CC |
denotes |
both |
T962 |
4157-4166 |
VBG |
denotes |
enhancing |
T963 |
4167-4175 |
JJ |
denotes |
physical |
T964 |
4176-4187 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T965 |
4188-4191 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T966 |
4192-4200 |
VBG |
denotes |
creating |
T967 |
4201-4202 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T968 |
4203-4208 |
NN |
denotes |
state |
T969 |
4209-4211 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T970 |
4212-4219 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T971 |
4220-4230 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T972 |
4230-4231 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1279 |
4242-4252 |
NN |
denotes |
Activation |
T1280 |
4262-4267 |
VBZ |
denotes |
Leads |
T1281 |
4253-4255 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1282 |
4256-4261 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1283 |
4268-4270 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T1284 |
4271-4277 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T1285 |
4278-4283 |
NN |
denotes |
Fiber |
T1286 |
4284-4298 |
NN |
denotes |
Transformation |
T1287 |
4298-4469 |
sentence |
denotes |
A role of PPARδ in muscle fiber was suggested by its enhanced expression—at levels 10-fold and 50-fold greater than PPARα and γ isoforms, respectively (unpublished data). |
T1288 |
4299-4300 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T1289 |
4301-4305 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T1290 |
4335-4344 |
VBN |
denotes |
suggested |
T1291 |
4306-4308 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1292 |
4309-4314 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1293 |
4315-4317 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1294 |
4318-4324 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1295 |
4325-4330 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T1296 |
4331-4334 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1297 |
4345-4347 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T1298 |
4348-4351 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T1299 |
4361-4371 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T1300 |
4352-4360 |
VBN |
denotes |
enhanced |
T1301 |
4371-4372 |
HYPH |
denotes |
— |
T1302 |
4372-4374 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T1303 |
4375-4381 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T1304 |
4382-4384 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T1305 |
4402-4409 |
JJR |
denotes |
greater |
T1306 |
4384-4385 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1307 |
4385-4389 |
RB |
denotes |
fold |
T1308 |
4390-4393 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1309 |
4394-4396 |
CD |
denotes |
50 |
T1310 |
4396-4397 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1311 |
4397-4401 |
RB |
denotes |
fold |
T1312 |
4410-4414 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T1313 |
4415-4420 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARα |
T1314 |
4427-4435 |
NNS |
denotes |
isoforms |
T1315 |
4421-4424 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1316 |
4425-4426 |
SYM |
denotes |
γ |
T1317 |
4435-4437 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1318 |
4437-4449 |
RB |
denotes |
respectively |
T1319 |
4450-4451 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1320 |
4463-4467 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T1321 |
4451-4462 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T1322 |
4467-4468 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1323 |
4468-4469 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1324 |
4469-4783 |
sentence |
denotes |
An examination of PPARδ in different muscle fibers reveals a significantly higher level in type I muscle (soleus) relative to type II–rich muscle (extensor digitorum longus) or type I and type II mixed muscle (gastrocnemius) (Figure 1A); this expression pattern closely resembles that of PGC-1α (Lin et al. 2002). |
T1325 |
4470-4472 |
DT |
denotes |
An |
T1326 |
4473-4484 |
NN |
denotes |
examination |
T1327 |
4521-4528 |
VBZ |
denotes |
reveals |
T1328 |
4485-4487 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1329 |
4488-4493 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1330 |
4494-4496 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1331 |
4497-4506 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T1332 |
4514-4520 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T1333 |
4507-4513 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1334 |
4740-4749 |
VBZ |
denotes |
resembles |
T1335 |
4529-4530 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1336 |
4552-4557 |
NN |
denotes |
level |
T1337 |
4531-4544 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T1338 |
4545-4551 |
JJR |
denotes |
higher |
T1339 |
4558-4560 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1340 |
4561-4565 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1341 |
4568-4574 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1342 |
4566-4567 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1343 |
4575-4576 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1344 |
4576-4582 |
NN |
denotes |
soleus |
T1345 |
4582-4583 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1346 |
4584-4592 |
JJ |
denotes |
relative |
T1347 |
4593-4595 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T1348 |
4596-4600 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1349 |
4604-4608 |
JJ |
denotes |
rich |
T1350 |
4601-4603 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T1351 |
4603-4604 |
HYPH |
denotes |
– |
T1352 |
4609-4615 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1353 |
4616-4617 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1354 |
4636-4642 |
NN |
denotes |
longus |
T1355 |
4617-4625 |
NN |
denotes |
extensor |
T1356 |
4626-4635 |
NN |
denotes |
digitorum |
T1357 |
4642-4643 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1358 |
4644-4646 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T1359 |
4647-4651 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1360 |
4672-4678 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1361 |
4652-4653 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1362 |
4654-4657 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1363 |
4658-4662 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1364 |
4663-4665 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T1365 |
4666-4671 |
JJ |
denotes |
mixed |
T1366 |
4679-4680 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1367 |
4680-4693 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T1368 |
4693-4694 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1369 |
4695-4696 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1370 |
4696-4702 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1371 |
4703-4705 |
CD |
denotes |
1A |
T1372 |
4705-4706 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1373 |
4706-4707 |
, |
denotes |
; |
T1374 |
4708-4712 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T1375 |
4724-4731 |
NN |
denotes |
pattern |
T1376 |
4713-4723 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T1377 |
4732-4739 |
RB |
denotes |
closely |
T1378 |
4750-4754 |
DT |
denotes |
that |
T1379 |
4755-4757 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1380 |
4758-4761 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T1381 |
4761-4762 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1382 |
4762-4764 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T1383 |
4765-4766 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1384 |
4766-4769 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T1385 |
4770-4772 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T1386 |
4773-4776 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T1387 |
4777-4781 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T1388 |
4781-4782 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1389 |
4782-4783 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1390 |
4783-4882 |
sentence |
denotes |
A similar pattern but with more pronounced differences was found at the protein level (Figure 1B). |
T1391 |
4784-4785 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T1392 |
4794-4801 |
NN |
denotes |
pattern |
T1393 |
4786-4793 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T1394 |
4843-4848 |
VBN |
denotes |
found |
T1395 |
4802-4805 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T1396 |
4806-4810 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T1397 |
4811-4815 |
RBR |
denotes |
more |
T1398 |
4816-4826 |
VBN |
denotes |
pronounced |
T1399 |
4827-4838 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T1400 |
4839-4842 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1401 |
4849-4851 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T1402 |
4852-4855 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1403 |
4864-4869 |
NN |
denotes |
level |
T1404 |
4856-4863 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T1405 |
4870-4871 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1406 |
4871-4877 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1407 |
4878-4880 |
CD |
denotes |
1B |
T1408 |
4880-4881 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1409 |
4881-4882 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1410 |
4882-6086 |
sentence |
denotes |
Figure 1 Expression of Endogenous PPARδ and VP16-PPARδ Transgene in Muscle
(A) Pooled RNA isolated from various muscles of five wild-type male C57B6 mice was hybridized with indicated probes. EDL, extensor digitorum longus; Gastro, gastrocnemius.
(B) Pooled nuclear proteins (15 μg/lane) isolated from muscles of five wild-type male C57B6 were probed with anti-PPARδ antibody. RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is shown as a loading control.
(C) Expression of the VP16-PPARδ transgene in various tissues. 10 μg of total RNA from each tissue was hybridized with a VP16 cDNA probe. Gastrocnemius muscle was used here.
(D) Nuclear proteins (15 μg/lane) isolated from gastrocnemius muscle of the transgenic mice (TG) and the wild-type littermates (WT) were probed with indicated antibodies. The upper, nonspecific band that cross-reacted with the anti-PPARδ antibody serves a loading control. To directly assess the role of activation of PPARδ in control of muscle fiber plasticity and mitochondrial biogenesis, we generated mice expressing a transgene in which the 78-amino-acid VP16 activation domain was fused to the N-terminus of full-length PPARδ, under control of the 2.2-kb human α-skeletal actin promoter. |
T1411 |
5766-5768 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T1412 |
5778-5784 |
VB |
denotes |
assess |
T1413 |
5769-5777 |
RB |
denotes |
directly |
T1414 |
5888-5897 |
VBD |
denotes |
generated |
T1415 |
5785-5788 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1416 |
5789-5793 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T1417 |
5794-5796 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1418 |
5797-5807 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T1419 |
5808-5810 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1420 |
5811-5816 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1421 |
5817-5819 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1422 |
5820-5827 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T1423 |
5828-5830 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1424 |
5831-5837 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1425 |
5838-5843 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T1426 |
5844-5854 |
NN |
denotes |
plasticity |
T1427 |
5855-5858 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1428 |
5859-5872 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T1429 |
5873-5883 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T1430 |
5883-5885 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1431 |
5885-5887 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T1432 |
5898-5902 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T1433 |
5903-5913 |
VBG |
denotes |
expressing |
T1434 |
5914-5915 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1435 |
5916-5925 |
NN |
denotes |
transgene |
T1436 |
5926-5928 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1437 |
5980-5985 |
VBN |
denotes |
fused |
T1438 |
5929-5934 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T1439 |
5935-5938 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1440 |
5969-5975 |
NN |
denotes |
domain |
T1441 |
5939-5941 |
CD |
denotes |
78 |
T1442 |
5948-5952 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T1443 |
5941-5942 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1444 |
5942-5947 |
NN |
denotes |
amino |
T1445 |
5947-5948 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1446 |
5953-5957 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T1447 |
5958-5968 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T1448 |
5976-5979 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1449 |
5986-5988 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T1450 |
5989-5992 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1451 |
5995-6003 |
NN |
denotes |
terminus |
T1452 |
5993-5994 |
NN |
denotes |
N |
T1453 |
5994-5995 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1454 |
6004-6006 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1455 |
6007-6011 |
JJ |
denotes |
full |
T1456 |
6012-6018 |
NN |
denotes |
length |
T1457 |
6011-6012 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1458 |
6019-6024 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1459 |
6024-6026 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1460 |
6026-6031 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T1461 |
6032-6039 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T1462 |
6040-6042 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1463 |
6043-6046 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1464 |
6077-6085 |
NN |
denotes |
promoter |
T1465 |
6047-6050 |
CD |
denotes |
2.2 |
T1466 |
6051-6053 |
NN |
denotes |
kb |
T1467 |
6050-6051 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1468 |
6054-6059 |
JJ |
denotes |
human |
T1469 |
6060-6061 |
NN |
denotes |
α |
T1470 |
6062-6070 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T1471 |
6061-6062 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1472 |
6071-6076 |
NN |
denotes |
actin |
T1473 |
6085-6086 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1474 |
6086-6316 |
sentence |
denotes |
In agreement with the previous characterization of this promoter (Brennan and Hardeman 1993; Clapham et al. 2000), the VP16-PPARδ transgene was selectively expressed in skeletal muscle, with 10-fold less in the heart (Figure 1C). |
T1475 |
6087-6089 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T1476 |
6243-6252 |
VBN |
denotes |
expressed |
T1477 |
6090-6099 |
NN |
denotes |
agreement |
T1478 |
6100-6104 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T1479 |
6105-6108 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1480 |
6118-6134 |
NN |
denotes |
characterization |
T1481 |
6109-6117 |
JJ |
denotes |
previous |
T1482 |
6135-6137 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1483 |
6138-6142 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T1484 |
6143-6151 |
NN |
denotes |
promoter |
T1485 |
6152-6153 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1486 |
6153-6160 |
NNP |
denotes |
Brennan |
T1487 |
6161-6164 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1488 |
6165-6173 |
NNP |
denotes |
Hardeman |
T1489 |
6174-6178 |
CD |
denotes |
1993 |
T1490 |
6178-6179 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T1491 |
6180-6187 |
NNP |
denotes |
Clapham |
T1492 |
6188-6190 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T1493 |
6191-6194 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T1494 |
6195-6199 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T1495 |
6199-6200 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1496 |
6200-6202 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1497 |
6202-6205 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1498 |
6217-6226 |
NN |
denotes |
transgene |
T1499 |
6206-6210 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T1500 |
6211-6216 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1501 |
6210-6211 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1502 |
6227-6230 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1503 |
6231-6242 |
RB |
denotes |
selectively |
T1504 |
6253-6255 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1505 |
6256-6264 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T1506 |
6265-6271 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1507 |
6271-6273 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1508 |
6273-6277 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T1509 |
6286-6290 |
JJR |
denotes |
less |
T1510 |
6278-6280 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T1511 |
6280-6281 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1512 |
6281-6285 |
RB |
denotes |
fold |
T1513 |
6291-6293 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1514 |
6294-6297 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1515 |
6298-6303 |
NN |
denotes |
heart |
T1516 |
6304-6305 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1517 |
6305-6311 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1518 |
6312-6314 |
CD |
denotes |
1C |
T1519 |
6314-6315 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1520 |
6315-6316 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1521 |
6316-6435 |
sentence |
denotes |
Among different types of muscle fibers, the levels of VP16-PPARδ expression appeared to be similar (unpublished data). |
T1522 |
6317-6322 |
IN |
denotes |
Among |
T1523 |
6393-6401 |
VBD |
denotes |
appeared |
T1524 |
6323-6332 |
JJ |
denotes |
different |
T1525 |
6333-6338 |
NNS |
denotes |
types |
T1526 |
6339-6341 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1527 |
6342-6348 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1528 |
6349-6355 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T1529 |
6355-6357 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1530 |
6357-6360 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1531 |
6361-6367 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T1532 |
6368-6370 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1533 |
6371-6375 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T1534 |
6376-6381 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1535 |
6375-6376 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1536 |
6382-6392 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T1537 |
6402-6404 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T1538 |
6405-6407 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T1539 |
6408-6415 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T1540 |
6416-6417 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1541 |
6429-6433 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T1542 |
6417-6428 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T1543 |
6433-6434 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1544 |
6434-6435 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1545 |
6435-6595 |
sentence |
denotes |
As shown in Figure 1D for gastrocnemius muscle, VP16-PPARδ fusion protein was produced at a level similar to that of endogenous PPARδ in wild-type littermates. |
T1546 |
6436-6438 |
IN |
denotes |
As |
T1547 |
6439-6444 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T1548 |
6514-6522 |
VBN |
denotes |
produced |
T1549 |
6445-6447 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1550 |
6448-6454 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1551 |
6455-6457 |
CD |
denotes |
1D |
T1552 |
6458-6461 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T1553 |
6462-6475 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T1554 |
6476-6482 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1555 |
6482-6484 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1556 |
6484-6488 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T1557 |
6489-6494 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1558 |
6488-6489 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1559 |
6502-6509 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T1560 |
6495-6501 |
NN |
denotes |
fusion |
T1561 |
6510-6513 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1562 |
6523-6525 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T1563 |
6526-6527 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1564 |
6528-6533 |
NN |
denotes |
level |
T1565 |
6534-6541 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T1566 |
6542-6544 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T1567 |
6545-6549 |
DT |
denotes |
that |
T1568 |
6550-6552 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1569 |
6553-6563 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T1570 |
6564-6569 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1571 |
6570-6572 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1572 |
6573-6577 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T1573 |
6578-6582 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1574 |
6577-6578 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1575 |
6583-6594 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T1576 |
6594-6595 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1577 |
6595-6727 |
sentence |
denotes |
Interestingly, the level of endogenous muscle PPARδ protein in the transgenic mice was much higher than in the control littermates. |
T1578 |
6596-6609 |
RB |
denotes |
Interestingly |
T1579 |
6679-6682 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1580 |
6609-6611 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1581 |
6611-6614 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1582 |
6615-6620 |
NN |
denotes |
level |
T1583 |
6621-6623 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1584 |
6624-6634 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T1585 |
6648-6655 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T1586 |
6635-6641 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1587 |
6642-6647 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1588 |
6656-6658 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1589 |
6659-6662 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1590 |
6674-6678 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T1591 |
6663-6673 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T1592 |
6683-6687 |
RB |
denotes |
much |
T1593 |
6688-6694 |
JJR |
denotes |
higher |
T1594 |
6695-6699 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T1595 |
6700-6702 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1596 |
6703-6706 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1597 |
6715-6726 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T1598 |
6707-6714 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T1599 |
6726-6727 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1600 |
6727-6907 |
sentence |
denotes |
The substantial increase of endogenous PPARδ may have been caused by a switch to type I fiber (see below), which intrinsically expresses higher levels of PPARδ (Figure 1A and 1B). |
T1601 |
6728-6731 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T1602 |
6744-6752 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T1603 |
6732-6743 |
JJ |
denotes |
substantial |
T1604 |
6787-6793 |
VBN |
denotes |
caused |
T1605 |
6753-6755 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1606 |
6756-6766 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T1607 |
6767-6772 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1608 |
6773-6776 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T1609 |
6777-6781 |
VB |
denotes |
have |
T1610 |
6782-6786 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T1611 |
6794-6796 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T1612 |
6797-6798 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1613 |
6799-6805 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T1614 |
6806-6808 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T1615 |
6809-6813 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1616 |
6816-6821 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T1617 |
6814-6815 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1618 |
6822-6823 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1619 |
6823-6826 |
VB |
denotes |
see |
T1620 |
6827-6832 |
RB |
denotes |
below |
T1621 |
6832-6833 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1622 |
6833-6835 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1623 |
6835-6840 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T1624 |
6855-6864 |
VBZ |
denotes |
expresses |
T1625 |
6841-6854 |
RB |
denotes |
intrinsically |
T1626 |
6865-6871 |
JJR |
denotes |
higher |
T1627 |
6872-6878 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T1628 |
6879-6881 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1629 |
6882-6887 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1630 |
6888-6889 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1631 |
6896-6898 |
CD |
denotes |
1A |
T1632 |
6889-6895 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1633 |
6899-6902 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1634 |
6903-6905 |
CD |
denotes |
1B |
T1635 |
6905-6906 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1636 |
6906-6907 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1637 |
6907-7103 |
sentence |
denotes |
Type I muscle can be readily distinguished from type II or mixed muscle by its red color, because of its high concentration of myoglobin, a protein typically expressed in oxidative muscle fibers. |
T1638 |
6908-6912 |
NN |
denotes |
Type |
T1639 |
6915-6921 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1640 |
6913-6914 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1641 |
6937-6950 |
VBN |
denotes |
distinguished |
T1642 |
6922-6925 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T1643 |
6926-6928 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T1644 |
6929-6936 |
RB |
denotes |
readily |
T1645 |
6951-6955 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T1646 |
6956-6960 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1647 |
6973-6979 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1648 |
6961-6963 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T1649 |
6964-6966 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T1650 |
6967-6972 |
VBN |
denotes |
mixed |
T1651 |
6980-6982 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T1652 |
6983-6986 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T1653 |
6991-6996 |
NN |
denotes |
color |
T1654 |
6987-6990 |
JJ |
denotes |
red |
T1655 |
6996-6998 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1656 |
6998-7005 |
IN |
denotes |
because |
T1657 |
7006-7008 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1658 |
7009-7012 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T1659 |
7018-7031 |
NN |
denotes |
concentration |
T1660 |
7013-7017 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T1661 |
7032-7034 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1662 |
7035-7044 |
NN |
denotes |
myoglobin |
T1663 |
7044-7046 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1664 |
7046-7047 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1665 |
7048-7055 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T1666 |
7056-7065 |
RB |
denotes |
typically |
T1667 |
7066-7075 |
VBN |
denotes |
expressed |
T1668 |
7076-7078 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1669 |
7079-7088 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T1670 |
7096-7102 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T1671 |
7089-7095 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1672 |
7102-7103 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1673 |
7103-7266 |
sentence |
denotes |
We found that muscles in the transgenic mice appeared redder (Figure 2A), which is particularly evident in the mixed type I/II fibers of the hindlimb (Figure 2B). |
T1674 |
7104-7106 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T1675 |
7107-7112 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T1676 |
7113-7117 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T1677 |
7149-7157 |
VBD |
denotes |
appeared |
T1678 |
7118-7125 |
NNS |
denotes |
muscles |
T1679 |
7126-7128 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1680 |
7129-7132 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1681 |
7144-7148 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T1682 |
7133-7143 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T1683 |
7158-7164 |
JJR |
denotes |
redder |
T1684 |
7165-7166 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1685 |
7166-7172 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1686 |
7173-7175 |
CD |
denotes |
2A |
T1687 |
7175-7176 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1688 |
7176-7178 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1689 |
7178-7183 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T1690 |
7184-7186 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T1691 |
7187-7199 |
RB |
denotes |
particularly |
T1692 |
7200-7207 |
JJ |
denotes |
evident |
T1693 |
7208-7210 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1694 |
7211-7214 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1695 |
7231-7237 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T1696 |
7215-7220 |
JJ |
denotes |
mixed |
T1697 |
7228-7230 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T1698 |
7221-7225 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1699 |
7226-7227 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1700 |
7227-7228 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T1701 |
7238-7240 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1702 |
7241-7244 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1703 |
7245-7253 |
NN |
denotes |
hindlimb |
T1704 |
7254-7255 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1705 |
7255-7261 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1706 |
7262-7264 |
CD |
denotes |
2B |
T1707 |
7264-7265 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1708 |
7265-7266 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1709 |
7266-7361 |
sentence |
denotes |
Indeed, metachromatic staining revealed a substantial muscle fiber transformation (Figure 2C). |
T1710 |
7267-7273 |
RB |
denotes |
Indeed |
T1711 |
7298-7306 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T1712 |
7273-7275 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1713 |
7275-7288 |
JJ |
denotes |
metachromatic |
T1714 |
7289-7297 |
NN |
denotes |
staining |
T1715 |
7307-7308 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1716 |
7334-7348 |
NN |
denotes |
transformation |
T1717 |
7309-7320 |
JJ |
denotes |
substantial |
T1718 |
7321-7327 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1719 |
7328-7333 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T1720 |
7349-7350 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1721 |
7350-7356 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1722 |
7357-7359 |
CD |
denotes |
2C |
T1723 |
7359-7360 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1724 |
7360-7361 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1725 |
7361-7450 |
sentence |
denotes |
In gastrocnemius muscle, we estimated that there was a 2-fold increase of type I fibers. |
T1726 |
7362-7364 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T1727 |
7390-7399 |
VBD |
denotes |
estimated |
T1728 |
7365-7378 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T1729 |
7379-7385 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1730 |
7385-7387 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1731 |
7387-7389 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T1732 |
7400-7404 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T1733 |
7411-7414 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1734 |
7405-7410 |
EX |
denotes |
there |
T1735 |
7415-7416 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1736 |
7424-7432 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T1737 |
7417-7423 |
JJ |
denotes |
2-fold |
T1738 |
7433-7435 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1739 |
7436-7440 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1740 |
7443-7449 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T1741 |
7441-7442 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1742 |
7449-7450 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1743 |
7450-7604 |
sentence |
denotes |
A diagnostic component of oxidative fibers is their high myoglobin and mitochondrial content, which is supported by the mRNA analysis shown in Figure 3A. |
T1744 |
7451-7452 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T1745 |
7464-7473 |
NN |
denotes |
component |
T1746 |
7453-7463 |
JJ |
denotes |
diagnostic |
T1747 |
7494-7496 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T1748 |
7474-7476 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1749 |
7477-7486 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T1750 |
7487-7493 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T1751 |
7497-7502 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
their |
T1752 |
7536-7543 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T1753 |
7503-7507 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T1754 |
7508-7517 |
NN |
denotes |
myoglobin |
T1755 |
7518-7521 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1756 |
7522-7535 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T1757 |
7543-7545 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1758 |
7545-7550 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T1759 |
7554-7563 |
VBN |
denotes |
supported |
T1760 |
7551-7553 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T1761 |
7564-7566 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T1762 |
7567-7570 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1763 |
7576-7584 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T1764 |
7571-7575 |
NN |
denotes |
mRNA |
T1765 |
7585-7590 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T1766 |
7591-7593 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1767 |
7594-7600 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1768 |
7601-7603 |
CD |
denotes |
3A |
T1769 |
7603-7604 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1770 |
7604-7813 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition to myoglobin, mitochondrial components for electron transfer (cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase [COX] II and IV) and fatty-acid β-oxidation enzymes were elevated (Figure 3A; unpublished data). |
T1771 |
7605-7607 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T1772 |
7774-7782 |
VBN |
denotes |
elevated |
T1773 |
7608-7616 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T1774 |
7617-7619 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T1775 |
7620-7629 |
NN |
denotes |
myoglobin |
T1776 |
7629-7631 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1777 |
7631-7644 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T1778 |
7645-7655 |
NNS |
denotes |
components |
T1779 |
7656-7659 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T1780 |
7660-7668 |
NN |
denotes |
electron |
T1781 |
7669-7677 |
NN |
denotes |
transfer |
T1782 |
7678-7679 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1783 |
7690-7691 |
NN |
denotes |
c |
T1784 |
7679-7689 |
NN |
denotes |
cytochrome |
T1785 |
7692-7695 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1786 |
7696-7706 |
NN |
denotes |
cytochrome |
T1787 |
7707-7708 |
NN |
denotes |
c |
T1788 |
7709-7716 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidase |
T1789 |
7717-7718 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
[ |
T1790 |
7718-7721 |
NN |
denotes |
COX |
T1791 |
7721-7722 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
] |
T1792 |
7723-7725 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T1793 |
7726-7729 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1794 |
7730-7732 |
CD |
denotes |
IV |
T1795 |
7732-7733 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1796 |
7734-7737 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1797 |
7738-7743 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T1798 |
7744-7748 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T1799 |
7743-7744 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1800 |
7761-7768 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T1801 |
7749-7750 |
NN |
denotes |
β |
T1802 |
7751-7760 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T1803 |
7750-7751 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1804 |
7769-7773 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T1805 |
7783-7784 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1806 |
7807-7811 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T1807 |
7784-7790 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1808 |
7791-7793 |
CD |
denotes |
3A |
T1809 |
7793-7794 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T1810 |
7795-7806 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T1811 |
7811-7812 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1812 |
7812-7813 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1813 |
7813-8052 |
sentence |
denotes |
These effects appear to be direct consequences of PPARδ activation, as levels of PGC-1α, a coactivator involved in muscle fiber switch and mitochondrial biogenesis (Wu et al. 1999; Lehman et al. 2000; Lin et al. 2002), remained unchanged. |
T1814 |
7814-7819 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T1815 |
7820-7827 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T1816 |
7828-7834 |
VBP |
denotes |
appear |
T1817 |
7835-7837 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T1818 |
7838-7840 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T1819 |
7841-7847 |
JJ |
denotes |
direct |
T1820 |
7848-7860 |
NNS |
denotes |
consequences |
T1821 |
7861-7863 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1822 |
7864-7869 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T1823 |
7870-7880 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T1824 |
7880-7882 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1825 |
7882-7884 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T1826 |
8033-8041 |
VBD |
denotes |
remained |
T1827 |
7885-7891 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T1828 |
7892-7894 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1829 |
7895-7898 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T1830 |
7898-7899 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1831 |
7899-7901 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T1832 |
7901-7903 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1833 |
7903-7904 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1834 |
7905-7916 |
NN |
denotes |
coactivator |
T1835 |
7917-7925 |
VBN |
denotes |
involved |
T1836 |
7926-7928 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1837 |
7929-7935 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1838 |
7936-7941 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T1839 |
7942-7948 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T1840 |
7949-7952 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1841 |
7953-7966 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T1842 |
7967-7977 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T1843 |
7978-7979 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1844 |
7979-7981 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wu |
T1845 |
7982-7984 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T1846 |
7985-7988 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T1847 |
7989-7993 |
CD |
denotes |
1999 |
T1848 |
7993-7994 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T1849 |
7995-8001 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lehman |
T1850 |
8002-8004 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T1851 |
8005-8008 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T1852 |
8009-8013 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T1853 |
8013-8014 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T1854 |
8015-8018 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T1855 |
8019-8021 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T1856 |
8022-8025 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T1857 |
8026-8030 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T1858 |
8030-8031 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1859 |
8031-8033 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1860 |
8042-8051 |
JJ |
denotes |
unchanged |
T1861 |
8051-8052 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1862 |
8052-8201 |
sentence |
denotes |
Southern blot analysis detected a substantially higher copy number of the mitochondrial genome–encoded COXII DNA in the transgenic mice (Figure 3B). |
T1863 |
8053-8061 |
NNP |
denotes |
Southern |
T1864 |
8062-8066 |
NN |
denotes |
blot |
T1865 |
8067-8075 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T1866 |
8076-8084 |
VBD |
denotes |
detected |
T1867 |
8085-8086 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1868 |
8113-8119 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T1869 |
8087-8100 |
RB |
denotes |
substantially |
T1870 |
8101-8107 |
JJR |
denotes |
higher |
T1871 |
8108-8112 |
NN |
denotes |
copy |
T1872 |
8120-8122 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1873 |
8123-8126 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1874 |
8162-8165 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T1875 |
8127-8140 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T1876 |
8141-8147 |
NN |
denotes |
genome |
T1877 |
8148-8155 |
VBN |
denotes |
encoded |
T1878 |
8147-8148 |
HYPH |
denotes |
– |
T1879 |
8156-8161 |
NN |
denotes |
COXII |
T1880 |
8166-8168 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1881 |
8169-8172 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1882 |
8184-8188 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T1883 |
8173-8183 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T1884 |
8189-8190 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1885 |
8190-8196 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1886 |
8197-8199 |
CD |
denotes |
3B |
T1887 |
8199-8200 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1888 |
8200-8201 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1889 |
8201-8302 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mitochondrial DNA was increased 2.3-fold in gastrocnemius muscle of the transgenic mice (Figure 3C). |
T1890 |
8202-8215 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mitochondrial |
T1891 |
8216-8219 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T1892 |
8224-8233 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T1893 |
8220-8223 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1894 |
8234-8237 |
CD |
denotes |
2.3 |
T1895 |
8237-8238 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T1896 |
8238-8242 |
RB |
denotes |
fold |
T1897 |
8243-8245 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1898 |
8246-8259 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T1899 |
8260-8266 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1900 |
8267-8269 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1901 |
8270-8273 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1902 |
8285-8289 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T1903 |
8274-8284 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T1904 |
8290-8291 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1905 |
8291-8297 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1906 |
8298-8300 |
CD |
denotes |
3C |
T1907 |
8300-8301 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1908 |
8301-8302 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1909 |
8302-8438 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results reveal a marked stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and further support the idea that there is a muscle fiber switch. |
T1910 |
8303-8308 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T1911 |
8309-8316 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T1912 |
8317-8323 |
VBP |
denotes |
reveal |
T1913 |
8324-8325 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1914 |
8333-8344 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T1915 |
8326-8332 |
JJ |
denotes |
marked |
T1916 |
8345-8347 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1917 |
8348-8361 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T1918 |
8362-8372 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T1919 |
8373-8376 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1920 |
8377-8384 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T1921 |
8385-8392 |
VBP |
denotes |
support |
T1922 |
8393-8396 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1923 |
8397-8401 |
NN |
denotes |
idea |
T1924 |
8402-8406 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T1925 |
8413-8415 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T1926 |
8407-8412 |
EX |
denotes |
there |
T1927 |
8416-8417 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1928 |
8431-8437 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T1929 |
8418-8424 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T1930 |
8425-8430 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T1931 |
8437-8438 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1932 |
8438-8499 |
sentence |
denotes |
This conclusion was also confirmed by Western blot analysis. |
T1933 |
8439-8443 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T1934 |
8444-8454 |
NN |
denotes |
conclusion |
T1935 |
8464-8473 |
VBN |
denotes |
confirmed |
T1936 |
8455-8458 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1937 |
8459-8463 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T1938 |
8474-8476 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T1939 |
8477-8484 |
NNP |
denotes |
Western |
T1940 |
8485-8489 |
NN |
denotes |
blot |
T1941 |
8490-8498 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T1942 |
8498-8499 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1943 |
8499-8636 |
sentence |
denotes |
As shown in Figure 3D, the characteristic type I fiber proteins, such as myoglobin and cytochrome c and b, were significantly increased. |
T1944 |
8500-8502 |
IN |
denotes |
As |
T1945 |
8503-8508 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T1946 |
8626-8635 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T1947 |
8509-8511 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T1948 |
8512-8518 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T1949 |
8519-8521 |
CD |
denotes |
3D |
T1950 |
8521-8523 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1951 |
8523-8526 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1952 |
8555-8563 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T1953 |
8527-8541 |
JJ |
denotes |
characteristic |
T1954 |
8542-8546 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1955 |
8549-8554 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T1956 |
8547-8548 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1957 |
8563-8565 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1958 |
8565-8569 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T1959 |
8570-8572 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T1960 |
8573-8582 |
NN |
denotes |
myoglobin |
T1961 |
8583-8586 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1962 |
8587-8597 |
NN |
denotes |
cytochrome |
T1963 |
8604-8605 |
NN |
denotes |
b |
T1964 |
8598-8599 |
NN |
denotes |
c |
T1965 |
8600-8603 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T1966 |
8605-8607 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1967 |
8607-8611 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T1968 |
8612-8625 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T1969 |
8635-8636 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T1970 |
8636-8914 |
sentence |
denotes |
More importantly, the specialized contraction protein troponin I (slow) of type I fiber was robustly induced; this was accompanied by a marked reduction of the specialized contraction protein troponin I (fast) of type II fiber, indicating a high degree of fiber transformation. |
T1971 |
8637-8641 |
RBR |
denotes |
More |
T1972 |
8642-8653 |
RB |
denotes |
importantly |
T1973 |
8738-8745 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T1974 |
8653-8655 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T1975 |
8655-8658 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T1976 |
8683-8690 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T1977 |
8659-8670 |
VBN |
denotes |
specialized |
T1978 |
8671-8682 |
NN |
denotes |
contraction |
T1979 |
8691-8699 |
NN |
denotes |
troponin |
T1980 |
8700-8701 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1981 |
8702-8703 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T1982 |
8703-8707 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T1983 |
8707-8708 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T1984 |
8709-8711 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1985 |
8712-8716 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T1986 |
8719-8724 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T1987 |
8717-8718 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T1988 |
8725-8728 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1989 |
8729-8737 |
RB |
denotes |
robustly |
T1990 |
8756-8767 |
VBN |
denotes |
accompanied |
T1991 |
8745-8746 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T1992 |
8747-8751 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T1993 |
8752-8755 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T1994 |
8768-8770 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T1995 |
8771-8772 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T1996 |
8780-8789 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T1997 |
8773-8779 |
JJ |
denotes |
marked |
T1998 |
8790-8792 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T1999 |
8793-8796 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2000 |
8821-8828 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T2001 |
8797-8808 |
VBN |
denotes |
specialized |
T2002 |
8809-8820 |
NN |
denotes |
contraction |
T2003 |
8829-8837 |
NN |
denotes |
troponin |
T2004 |
8838-8839 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T2005 |
8840-8841 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2007 |
8845-8846 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2008 |
8847-8849 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2009 |
8850-8854 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2010 |
8858-8863 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T2011 |
8855-8857 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T2012 |
8863-8865 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2013 |
8865-8875 |
VBG |
denotes |
indicating |
T2014 |
8876-8877 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2015 |
8883-8889 |
NN |
denotes |
degree |
T2016 |
8878-8882 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T2017 |
8890-8892 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2018 |
8893-8898 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T2019 |
8899-8913 |
NN |
denotes |
transformation |
T2020 |
8913-8914 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2021 |
8914-9011 |
sentence |
denotes |
We next examined whether acute activation of endogenous PPARδ would induce similar target genes. |
T2022 |
8915-8917 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T2023 |
8923-8931 |
VBD |
denotes |
examined |
T2024 |
8918-8922 |
RB |
denotes |
next |
T2025 |
8932-8939 |
IN |
denotes |
whether |
T2026 |
8983-8989 |
VB |
denotes |
induce |
T2027 |
8940-8945 |
JJ |
denotes |
acute |
T2028 |
8946-8956 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T2029 |
8957-8959 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2030 |
8960-8970 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T2031 |
8971-8976 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2032 |
8977-8982 |
MD |
denotes |
would |
T2033 |
8990-8997 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T2034 |
9005-9010 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T2035 |
8998-9004 |
NN |
denotes |
target |
T2036 |
9010-9011 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2037 |
9011-9304 |
sentence |
denotes |
In agreement with the chronic effects in the transgenic mice, we found that, after treatment of wild-type C57B6J mice with the PPARδ-specific agonist GW501516 for only 10 d, genes for slow fiber contractile proteins, mitochondrial biogenesis, and β-oxidation were all upregulated (Figure 3E). |
T2038 |
9012-9014 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T2039 |
9077-9082 |
VBD |
denotes |
found |
T2040 |
9015-9024 |
NN |
denotes |
agreement |
T2041 |
9025-9029 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T2042 |
9030-9033 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2043 |
9042-9049 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T2044 |
9034-9041 |
JJ |
denotes |
chronic |
T2045 |
9050-9052 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2046 |
9053-9056 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2047 |
9068-9072 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2048 |
9057-9067 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2049 |
9072-9074 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2050 |
9074-9076 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T2051 |
9083-9087 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T2052 |
9280-9291 |
VBN |
denotes |
upregulated |
T2053 |
9087-9089 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2054 |
9089-9094 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T2055 |
9095-9104 |
NN |
denotes |
treatment |
T2056 |
9105-9107 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2057 |
9108-9112 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T2058 |
9113-9117 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2059 |
9112-9113 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2060 |
9125-9129 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2061 |
9118-9124 |
NN |
denotes |
C57B6J |
T2062 |
9130-9134 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T2063 |
9135-9138 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2064 |
9162-9170 |
NN |
denotes |
GW501516 |
T2065 |
9139-9144 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2066 |
9145-9153 |
JJ |
denotes |
specific |
T2067 |
9144-9145 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2068 |
9154-9161 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T2069 |
9171-9174 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2070 |
9175-9179 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T2071 |
9183-9184 |
NNS |
denotes |
d |
T2072 |
9180-9182 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T2073 |
9184-9186 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2074 |
9186-9191 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T2075 |
9192-9195 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2076 |
9196-9200 |
JJ |
denotes |
slow |
T2077 |
9201-9206 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T2078 |
9219-9227 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T2079 |
9207-9218 |
JJ |
denotes |
contractile |
T2080 |
9227-9229 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2081 |
9229-9242 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T2082 |
9243-9253 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T2083 |
9253-9255 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2084 |
9255-9258 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2085 |
9259-9260 |
NN |
denotes |
β |
T2086 |
9261-9270 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T2087 |
9260-9261 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2088 |
9271-9275 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T2089 |
9276-9279 |
RB |
denotes |
all |
T2090 |
9292-9293 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2091 |
9293-9299 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2092 |
9300-9302 |
CD |
denotes |
3E |
T2093 |
9302-9303 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2094 |
9303-9304 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2095 |
9304-9471 |
sentence |
denotes |
This indicates that rapid, systematic, and coordinated changes of muscle fiber properties toward type I can be achieved by activation of the endogenous PPARδ pathway. |
T2096 |
9305-9309 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T2097 |
9310-9319 |
VBZ |
denotes |
indicates |
T2098 |
9320-9324 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T2099 |
9416-9424 |
VBN |
denotes |
achieved |
T2100 |
9325-9330 |
JJ |
denotes |
rapid |
T2101 |
9360-9367 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T2102 |
9330-9332 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2103 |
9332-9342 |
JJ |
denotes |
systematic |
T2104 |
9342-9344 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2105 |
9344-9347 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2106 |
9348-9359 |
VBN |
denotes |
coordinated |
T2107 |
9368-9370 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2108 |
9371-9377 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T2109 |
9384-9394 |
NNS |
denotes |
properties |
T2110 |
9378-9383 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T2111 |
9395-9401 |
IN |
denotes |
toward |
T2112 |
9402-9406 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2113 |
9407-9408 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T2114 |
9409-9412 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T2115 |
9413-9415 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T2116 |
9425-9427 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T2117 |
9428-9438 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T2118 |
9439-9441 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2119 |
9442-9445 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2120 |
9463-9470 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T2121 |
9446-9456 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T2122 |
9457-9462 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2123 |
9470-9471 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2215 |
10854-10860 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T2216 |
10861-10866 |
NN |
denotes |
Fiber |
T2217 |
10867-10873 |
NN |
denotes |
Switch |
T2218 |
10883-10891 |
VBZ |
denotes |
Protects |
T2219 |
10874-10876 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T2220 |
10877-10882 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2221 |
10892-10899 |
IN |
denotes |
Against |
T2222 |
10900-10907 |
NN |
denotes |
Obesity |
T2223 |
10907-11091 |
sentence |
denotes |
A number of previous studies have shown that obese individuals have fewer oxidative fibers, implying that the presence of oxidative fibers alone may play a part in obesity resistance. |
T2224 |
10908-10909 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T2225 |
10910-10916 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T2226 |
10942-10947 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T2227 |
10917-10919 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2228 |
10920-10928 |
JJ |
denotes |
previous |
T2229 |
10929-10936 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T2230 |
10937-10941 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T2231 |
10948-10952 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T2232 |
10971-10975 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T2233 |
10953-10958 |
JJ |
denotes |
obese |
T2234 |
10959-10970 |
NNS |
denotes |
individuals |
T2235 |
10976-10981 |
JJR |
denotes |
fewer |
T2236 |
10992-10998 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T2237 |
10982-10991 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T2238 |
10998-11000 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2239 |
11000-11008 |
VBG |
denotes |
implying |
T2240 |
11009-11013 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T2241 |
11057-11061 |
VB |
denotes |
play |
T2242 |
11014-11017 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2243 |
11018-11026 |
NN |
denotes |
presence |
T2244 |
11027-11029 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2245 |
11030-11039 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T2246 |
11040-11046 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T2247 |
11047-11052 |
RB |
denotes |
alone |
T2248 |
11053-11056 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T2249 |
11062-11063 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2250 |
11064-11068 |
NN |
denotes |
part |
T2251 |
11069-11071 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2252 |
11072-11079 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T2253 |
11080-11090 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T2254 |
11090-11091 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2255 |
11091-11207 |
sentence |
denotes |
To test this possibility, we fed the transgenic mice and their wild-type littermates with a high-fat diet for 97 d. |
T2256 |
11092-11094 |
TO |
denotes |
To |
T2257 |
11095-11099 |
VB |
denotes |
test |
T2258 |
11121-11124 |
VBD |
denotes |
fed |
T2259 |
11100-11104 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T2260 |
11105-11116 |
NN |
denotes |
possibility |
T2261 |
11116-11118 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2262 |
11118-11120 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T2263 |
11125-11128 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2264 |
11140-11144 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2265 |
11129-11139 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2266 |
11145-11148 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2267 |
11149-11154 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
their |
T2268 |
11165-11176 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T2269 |
11155-11159 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T2270 |
11160-11164 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2271 |
11159-11160 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2272 |
11177-11181 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T2273 |
11182-11183 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2274 |
11193-11197 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T2275 |
11184-11188 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T2276 |
11189-11192 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T2277 |
11188-11189 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2278 |
11198-11201 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2279 |
11202-11204 |
CD |
denotes |
97 |
T2280 |
11205-11206 |
NNS |
denotes |
d |
T2281 |
11206-11207 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2282 |
11207-11423 |
sentence |
denotes |
Although the initial body weights of the two groups were very similar, the transgenic mice had gained less than 50% at day 47, and only one-third at day 97, of the weight gained by the wild-type animals (Figure 4A). |
T2283 |
11208-11216 |
IN |
denotes |
Although |
T2284 |
11260-11264 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T2285 |
11217-11220 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2286 |
11234-11241 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T2287 |
11221-11228 |
JJ |
denotes |
initial |
T2288 |
11229-11233 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T2289 |
11242-11244 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2290 |
11245-11248 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2291 |
11253-11259 |
NNS |
denotes |
groups |
T2292 |
11249-11252 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T2293 |
11303-11309 |
VBN |
denotes |
gained |
T2294 |
11265-11269 |
RB |
denotes |
very |
T2295 |
11270-11277 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T2296 |
11277-11279 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2297 |
11279-11282 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2298 |
11294-11298 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2299 |
11283-11293 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2300 |
11299-11302 |
VBD |
denotes |
had |
T2301 |
11310-11314 |
JJR |
denotes |
less |
T2302 |
11320-11322 |
CD |
denotes |
50 |
T2303 |
11315-11319 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T2329 |
11412-11418 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2330 |
11419-11421 |
CD |
denotes |
4A |
T2331 |
11421-11422 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2332 |
11422-11423 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2333 |
11423-11563 |
sentence |
denotes |
The transgenic mice displayed significantly higher oxygen consumption on the high-fat diet than the control littermates (unpublished data). |
T2334 |
11424-11427 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T2335 |
11439-11443 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2336 |
11428-11438 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2337 |
11444-11453 |
VBD |
denotes |
displayed |
T2338 |
11454-11467 |
RB |
denotes |
significantly |
T2339 |
11468-11474 |
JJR |
denotes |
higher |
T2340 |
11482-11493 |
NN |
denotes |
consumption |
T2341 |
11475-11481 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T2342 |
11494-11496 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T2343 |
11497-11500 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2344 |
11510-11514 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T2345 |
11501-11505 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T2346 |
11506-11509 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T2347 |
11505-11506 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2348 |
11515-11519 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T2349 |
11520-11523 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2350 |
11532-11543 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T2351 |
11524-11531 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T2352 |
11544-11545 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2353 |
11557-11561 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T2354 |
11545-11556 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T2355 |
11561-11562 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2356 |
11562-11563 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2357 |
11563-11736 |
sentence |
denotes |
By the end of this experiment, the control littermates became obese, whereas the transgenic mice still maintained a normal body weight and fat mass composition (Figure 4A). |
T2358 |
11564-11566 |
IN |
denotes |
By |
T2359 |
11619-11625 |
VBD |
denotes |
became |
T2360 |
11567-11570 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2361 |
11571-11574 |
NN |
denotes |
end |
T2362 |
11575-11577 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2363 |
11578-11582 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T2364 |
11583-11593 |
NN |
denotes |
experiment |
T2365 |
11593-11595 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2366 |
11595-11598 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2367 |
11607-11618 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T2368 |
11599-11606 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T2369 |
11626-11631 |
JJ |
denotes |
obese |
T2370 |
11631-11633 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2371 |
11633-11640 |
IN |
denotes |
whereas |
T2372 |
11667-11677 |
VBD |
denotes |
maintained |
T2373 |
11641-11644 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2374 |
11656-11660 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2375 |
11645-11655 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2376 |
11661-11666 |
RB |
denotes |
still |
T2377 |
11678-11679 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2378 |
11692-11698 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T2379 |
11680-11686 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T2380 |
11687-11691 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T2381 |
11699-11702 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2382 |
11703-11706 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T2383 |
11707-11711 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T2384 |
11712-11723 |
NN |
denotes |
composition |
T2385 |
11724-11725 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2386 |
11725-11731 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2387 |
11732-11734 |
CD |
denotes |
4A |
T2388 |
11734-11735 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2389 |
11735-11736 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2390 |
11736-11898 |
sentence |
denotes |
A histological analysis of inguinal fat pad revealed a much smaller cell size in the transgenic mice (Figure 4B), due to the increased muscle oxidative capacity. |
T2391 |
11737-11738 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T2392 |
11752-11760 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T2393 |
11739-11751 |
JJ |
denotes |
histological |
T2394 |
11781-11789 |
VBD |
denotes |
revealed |
T2395 |
11761-11763 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2396 |
11764-11772 |
JJ |
denotes |
inguinal |
T2397 |
11777-11780 |
NN |
denotes |
pad |
T2398 |
11773-11776 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T2399 |
11790-11791 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2400 |
11810-11814 |
NN |
denotes |
size |
T2401 |
11792-11796 |
RB |
denotes |
much |
T2402 |
11797-11804 |
JJR |
denotes |
smaller |
T2403 |
11805-11809 |
NN |
denotes |
cell |
T2404 |
11815-11817 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2405 |
11818-11821 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2406 |
11833-11837 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2407 |
11822-11832 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2408 |
11838-11839 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2409 |
11839-11845 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2410 |
11846-11848 |
CD |
denotes |
4B |
T2411 |
11848-11849 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2412 |
11849-11851 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2413 |
11851-11854 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T2414 |
11855-11857 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T2415 |
11858-11861 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2416 |
11889-11897 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T2417 |
11862-11871 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T2418 |
11872-11878 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T2419 |
11879-11888 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T2420 |
11897-11898 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2421 |
11898-12121 |
sentence |
denotes |
While there was no significant difference in intramuscular glycogen content, the triglyceride content was much less in the transgenic mice (Figure 4C and 4D), which may explain their improved glucose tolerance (Figure 4E). |
T2422 |
11899-11904 |
IN |
denotes |
While |
T2423 |
11911-11914 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T2424 |
11905-11910 |
EX |
denotes |
there |
T2425 |
12001-12004 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T2426 |
11915-11917 |
DT |
denotes |
no |
T2427 |
11930-11940 |
NN |
denotes |
difference |
T2428 |
11918-11929 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T2429 |
11941-11943 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2430 |
11944-11957 |
JJ |
denotes |
intramuscular |
T2431 |
11967-11974 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T2432 |
11958-11966 |
NN |
denotes |
glycogen |
T2433 |
11974-11976 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2434 |
11976-11979 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2435 |
11993-12000 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T2436 |
11980-11992 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T2437 |
12005-12009 |
RB |
denotes |
much |
T2438 |
12010-12014 |
JJR |
denotes |
less |
T2439 |
12015-12017 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2440 |
12018-12021 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2441 |
12033-12037 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2442 |
12022-12032 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2443 |
12038-12039 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2444 |
12039-12045 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2445 |
12046-12048 |
CD |
denotes |
4C |
T2446 |
12049-12052 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2447 |
12053-12055 |
CD |
denotes |
4D |
T2448 |
12055-12056 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2449 |
12056-12058 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2450 |
12058-12063 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T2451 |
12068-12075 |
VB |
denotes |
explain |
T2452 |
12064-12067 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T2453 |
12076-12081 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
their |
T2454 |
12099-12108 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T2455 |
12082-12090 |
VBN |
denotes |
improved |
T2456 |
12091-12098 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T2457 |
12109-12110 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2458 |
12110-12116 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2459 |
12117-12119 |
CD |
denotes |
4E |
T2460 |
12119-12120 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2461 |
12120-12121 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2462 |
12121-12256 |
sentence |
denotes |
We also placed wild-type C57BJ6 mice on the high-fat diet and treated them with either vehicle or the PPARδ agonist GW501516 for 2 mo. |
T2463 |
12122-12124 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T2464 |
12130-12136 |
VBD |
denotes |
placed |
T2465 |
12125-12129 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T2466 |
12137-12141 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T2467 |
12142-12146 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2468 |
12141-12142 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2469 |
12154-12158 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2470 |
12147-12153 |
NN |
denotes |
C57BJ6 |
T2471 |
12159-12161 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T2472 |
12162-12165 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2473 |
12175-12179 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T2474 |
12166-12170 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T2475 |
12171-12174 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T2476 |
12170-12171 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2477 |
12180-12183 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2478 |
12184-12191 |
VBN |
denotes |
treated |
T2479 |
12192-12196 |
PRP |
denotes |
them |
T2480 |
12197-12201 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T2481 |
12202-12208 |
CC |
denotes |
either |
T2482 |
12209-12216 |
NN |
denotes |
vehicle |
T2483 |
12217-12219 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T2484 |
12220-12223 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2485 |
12238-12246 |
NN |
denotes |
GW501516 |
T2486 |
12224-12229 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2487 |
12230-12237 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T2488 |
12247-12250 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2489 |
12251-12252 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T2490 |
12253-12255 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T2491 |
12255-12256 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2492 |
12256-12528 |
sentence |
denotes |
GW501516 produced a sustained induction of genes for type I muscle fibers; this, at least in part, resulted in an only 30% gain in body weight, a dramatically reduced fat mass accumulation, and improved glucose tolerance, compared to the vehicle-treated group (Figure 5). |
T2493 |
12257-12265 |
NN |
denotes |
GW501516 |
T2494 |
12266-12274 |
VBD |
denotes |
produced |
T2495 |
12356-12364 |
VBD |
denotes |
resulted |
T2496 |
12275-12276 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2497 |
12287-12296 |
NN |
denotes |
induction |
T2498 |
12277-12286 |
VBN |
denotes |
sustained |
T2499 |
12297-12299 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2500 |
12300-12305 |
NNS |
denotes |
genes |
T2501 |
12306-12309 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2502 |
12310-12314 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2503 |
12324-12330 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T2504 |
12315-12316 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T2505 |
12317-12323 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T2506 |
12330-12331 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T2507 |
12332-12336 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T2508 |
12336-12338 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2509 |
12338-12340 |
RB |
denotes |
at |
T2510 |
12341-12346 |
RBS |
denotes |
least |
T2511 |
12347-12349 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2512 |
12350-12354 |
JJ |
denotes |
part |
T2513 |
12354-12356 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2514 |
12365-12367 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2515 |
12368-12370 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T2516 |
12380-12384 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T2517 |
12371-12375 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T2518 |
12376-12378 |
CD |
denotes |
30 |
T2519 |
12378-12379 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T2520 |
12385-12387 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2521 |
12388-12392 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T2522 |
12393-12399 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T2523 |
12399-12401 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2524 |
12401-12402 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2525 |
12433-12445 |
NN |
denotes |
accumulation |
T2526 |
12403-12415 |
RB |
denotes |
dramatically |
T2527 |
12416-12423 |
VBN |
denotes |
reduced |
T2528 |
12424-12427 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T2529 |
12428-12432 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T2530 |
12445-12447 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2531 |
12447-12450 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2532 |
12451-12459 |
VBN |
denotes |
improved |
T2533 |
12468-12477 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T2534 |
12460-12467 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T2535 |
12477-12479 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2536 |
12479-12487 |
VBN |
denotes |
compared |
T2537 |
12488-12490 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T2538 |
12491-12494 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2539 |
12511-12516 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T2540 |
12495-12502 |
NN |
denotes |
vehicle |
T2541 |
12503-12510 |
VBN |
denotes |
treated |
T2542 |
12502-12503 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2543 |
12517-12518 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2544 |
12518-12524 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2545 |
12525-12526 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T2546 |
12526-12527 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2547 |
12527-12528 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2548 |
12528-12662 |
sentence |
denotes |
Thus, muscle fiber conversion by stimulation with the PPARδ agonist or the activated transgene has a protective role against obesity. |
T2549 |
12529-12533 |
RB |
denotes |
Thus |
T2550 |
12624-12627 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T2551 |
12533-12535 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2552 |
12535-12541 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T2553 |
12542-12547 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T2554 |
12548-12558 |
NN |
denotes |
conversion |
T2555 |
12559-12561 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T2556 |
12562-12573 |
NN |
denotes |
stimulation |
T2557 |
12574-12578 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T2558 |
12579-12582 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2559 |
12589-12596 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T2560 |
12583-12588 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2561 |
12597-12599 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T2562 |
12600-12603 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2563 |
12614-12623 |
NN |
denotes |
transgene |
T2564 |
12604-12613 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T2565 |
12628-12629 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2566 |
12641-12645 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T2567 |
12630-12640 |
JJ |
denotes |
protective |
T2568 |
12646-12653 |
IN |
denotes |
against |
T2569 |
12654-12661 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T2570 |
12661-12662 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2626 |
14358-14368 |
NN |
denotes |
Activation |
T2627 |
14378-14386 |
VBZ |
denotes |
Enhances |
T2628 |
14369-14371 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2629 |
14372-14377 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2630 |
14387-14395 |
JJ |
denotes |
Physical |
T2631 |
14396-14407 |
NN |
denotes |
Performance |
T2632 |
14407-14492 |
sentence |
denotes |
Muscle oxidative capacity is a crucial factor for determining endurance and fatigue. |
T2633 |
14408-14414 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T2634 |
14425-14433 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T2635 |
14415-14424 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T2636 |
14434-14436 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2637 |
14437-14438 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2638 |
14447-14453 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
T2639 |
14439-14446 |
JJ |
denotes |
crucial |
T2640 |
14454-14457 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2641 |
14458-14469 |
VBG |
denotes |
determining |
T2642 |
14470-14479 |
NN |
denotes |
endurance |
T2643 |
14480-14483 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2644 |
14484-14491 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T2645 |
14491-14492 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2646 |
14492-14601 |
sentence |
denotes |
Indeed, type I fibers adaptively generated through exercise training are considered to be fatigue resistant. |
T2647 |
14493-14499 |
RB |
denotes |
Indeed |
T2648 |
14566-14576 |
VBN |
denotes |
considered |
T2649 |
14499-14501 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2650 |
14501-14505 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2651 |
14508-14514 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T2652 |
14506-14507 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T2653 |
14515-14525 |
RB |
denotes |
adaptively |
T2654 |
14526-14535 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T2655 |
14536-14543 |
IN |
denotes |
through |
T2656 |
14544-14552 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T2657 |
14553-14561 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T2658 |
14562-14565 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T2659 |
14577-14579 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T2660 |
14580-14582 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T2661 |
14583-14590 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T2662 |
14591-14600 |
JJ |
denotes |
resistant |
T2663 |
14600-14601 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2664 |
14601-14766 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, whether the type I fibers generated molecularly via PPARδ expression can contribute to enhanced performance in the absence of previous training is unclear. |
T2665 |
14602-14609 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T2666 |
14755-14757 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2667 |
14609-14611 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2668 |
14611-14618 |
IN |
denotes |
whether |
T2669 |
14684-14694 |
VB |
denotes |
contribute |
T2670 |
14619-14622 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2671 |
14630-14636 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T2672 |
14623-14627 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2673 |
14628-14629 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T2674 |
14637-14646 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T2675 |
14647-14658 |
RB |
denotes |
molecularly |
T2676 |
14659-14662 |
IN |
denotes |
via |
T2677 |
14663-14668 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2678 |
14669-14679 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T2679 |
14680-14683 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T2680 |
14695-14697 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T2681 |
14698-14706 |
VBN |
denotes |
enhanced |
T2682 |
14707-14718 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T2683 |
14719-14721 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2684 |
14722-14725 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2685 |
14726-14733 |
NN |
denotes |
absence |
T2686 |
14734-14736 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2687 |
14737-14745 |
JJ |
denotes |
previous |
T2688 |
14746-14754 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T2689 |
14758-14765 |
JJ |
denotes |
unclear |
T2690 |
14765-14766 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2691 |
14766-14890 |
sentence |
denotes |
In fact, the consequence of genetically induced fiber switch on running capacity has to our knowledge never been evaluated. |
T2692 |
14767-14769 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T2693 |
14880-14889 |
VBN |
denotes |
evaluated |
T2694 |
14770-14774 |
NN |
denotes |
fact |
T2695 |
14774-14776 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2696 |
14776-14779 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2697 |
14780-14791 |
NN |
denotes |
consequence |
T2698 |
14792-14794 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2699 |
14795-14806 |
RB |
denotes |
genetically |
T2700 |
14807-14814 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T2701 |
14821-14827 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T2702 |
14815-14820 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T2703 |
14828-14830 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T2704 |
14831-14838 |
VBG |
denotes |
running |
T2705 |
14839-14847 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T2706 |
14848-14851 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T2707 |
14852-14854 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T2708 |
14855-14858 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T2709 |
14859-14868 |
NN |
denotes |
knowledge |
T2710 |
14869-14874 |
RB |
denotes |
never |
T2711 |
14875-14879 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T2712 |
14889-14890 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2713 |
14890-15005 |
sentence |
denotes |
We thus compared exercise performance between untrained, body-weight-matched transgenic and wild-type littermates. |
T2714 |
14891-14893 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T2715 |
14899-14907 |
VBD |
denotes |
compared |
T2716 |
14894-14898 |
RB |
denotes |
thus |
T2717 |
14908-14916 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T2718 |
14917-14928 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T2719 |
14929-14936 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T2720 |
14937-14946 |
JJ |
denotes |
untrained |
T2721 |
14993-15004 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T2722 |
14946-14948 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2723 |
14948-14952 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T2724 |
14953-14959 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T2725 |
14952-14953 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2726 |
14960-14967 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T2727 |
14959-14960 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2728 |
14968-14978 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2729 |
14979-14982 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2730 |
14983-14987 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T2731 |
14988-14992 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2732 |
14987-14988 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2733 |
15004-15005 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2734 |
15005-15076 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mice were run on oxygen-infused, enclosed treadmills until exhaustion. |
T2735 |
15006-15010 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T2736 |
15016-15019 |
VBN |
denotes |
run |
T2737 |
15011-15015 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T2738 |
15020-15022 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T2739 |
15023-15029 |
NN |
denotes |
oxygen |
T2740 |
15030-15037 |
VBN |
denotes |
infused |
T2741 |
15029-15030 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2742 |
15048-15058 |
NNS |
denotes |
treadmills |
T2743 |
15037-15039 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2744 |
15039-15047 |
VBN |
denotes |
enclosed |
T2745 |
15059-15064 |
IN |
denotes |
until |
T2746 |
15065-15075 |
NN |
denotes |
exhaustion |
T2747 |
15075-15076 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2748 |
15076-15243 |
sentence |
denotes |
Strikingly, the running time and distance the transgenic mice were able to sustain were increased by 67% and 92%, respectively (Figure 6A; also see Videos S1 and S2). |
T2749 |
15077-15087 |
RB |
denotes |
Strikingly |
T2750 |
15165-15174 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T2751 |
15087-15089 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2752 |
15089-15092 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2753 |
15101-15105 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T2754 |
15093-15100 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T2755 |
15106-15109 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2756 |
15110-15118 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T2757 |
15119-15122 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2758 |
15134-15138 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2759 |
15123-15133 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2760 |
15139-15143 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T2761 |
15144-15148 |
JJ |
denotes |
able |
T2762 |
15149-15151 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T2763 |
15152-15159 |
VB |
denotes |
sustain |
T2764 |
15160-15164 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T2765 |
15175-15177 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T2766 |
15178-15180 |
CD |
denotes |
67 |
T2767 |
15180-15181 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T2768 |
15182-15185 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2769 |
15186-15188 |
CD |
denotes |
92 |
T2770 |
15188-15189 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T2771 |
15189-15191 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2772 |
15191-15203 |
RB |
denotes |
respectively |
T2773 |
15204-15205 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2774 |
15205-15211 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2775 |
15212-15214 |
CD |
denotes |
6A |
T2776 |
15214-15215 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T2777 |
15216-15220 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T2778 |
15221-15224 |
VB |
denotes |
see |
T2779 |
15225-15231 |
NNS |
denotes |
Videos |
T2780 |
15232-15234 |
NN |
denotes |
S1 |
T2781 |
15235-15238 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2782 |
15239-15241 |
NN |
denotes |
S2 |
T2783 |
15241-15242 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2784 |
15242-15243 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2785 |
15243-15351 |
sentence |
denotes |
The transgenic mice ran about 1 h longer than the controls, which translates to nearly a kilometer further. |
T2786 |
15244-15247 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T2787 |
15259-15263 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2788 |
15248-15258 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2789 |
15264-15267 |
VBD |
denotes |
ran |
T2790 |
15268-15273 |
RB |
denotes |
about |
T2791 |
15274-15275 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T2792 |
15276-15277 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T2793 |
15278-15284 |
RBR |
denotes |
longer |
T2794 |
15285-15289 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T2795 |
15290-15293 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2796 |
15294-15302 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T2797 |
15302-15304 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2798 |
15304-15309 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T2799 |
15310-15320 |
VBZ |
denotes |
translates |
T2800 |
15321-15323 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T2801 |
15324-15330 |
RB |
denotes |
nearly |
T2802 |
15331-15332 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2803 |
15333-15342 |
NN |
denotes |
kilometer |
T2804 |
15343-15350 |
RBR |
denotes |
further |
T2805 |
15350-15351 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2806 |
15351-15598 |
sentence |
denotes |
No significant differences in muscle mass (unpublished data) and daily activity (total counts of activity per hour: 1618 ± 209 for transgenic versus 1987 ± 301 for wild-type, p > 0.35, n = 4) were observed between the transgenic and control mice. |
T2807 |
15352-15354 |
DT |
denotes |
No |
T2808 |
15367-15378 |
NNS |
denotes |
differences |
T2809 |
15355-15366 |
JJ |
denotes |
significant |
T2810 |
15549-15557 |
VBN |
denotes |
observed |
T2811 |
15379-15381 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2812 |
15382-15388 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T2813 |
15389-15393 |
NN |
denotes |
mass |
T2814 |
15394-15395 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2815 |
15407-15411 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T2816 |
15395-15406 |
JJ |
denotes |
unpublished |
T2817 |
15411-15412 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2818 |
15413-15416 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2819 |
15417-15422 |
JJ |
denotes |
daily |
T2820 |
15423-15431 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T2821 |
15432-15433 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2822 |
15475-15478 |
CD |
denotes |
209 |
T2823 |
15433-15438 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T2824 |
15439-15445 |
NNS |
denotes |
counts |
T2825 |
15446-15448 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2826 |
15449-15457 |
NN |
denotes |
activity |
T2827 |
15458-15461 |
IN |
denotes |
per |
T2828 |
15462-15466 |
NN |
denotes |
hour |
T2829 |
15466-15468 |
: |
denotes |
: |
T2830 |
15468-15472 |
CD |
denotes |
1618 |
T2831 |
15473-15474 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T2832 |
15479-15482 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2833 |
15483-15493 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2834 |
15494-15500 |
CC |
denotes |
versus |
T2835 |
15501-15505 |
CD |
denotes |
1987 |
T2836 |
15508-15511 |
CD |
denotes |
301 |
T2837 |
15506-15507 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T2838 |
15512-15515 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2839 |
15516-15520 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T2840 |
15521-15525 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2841 |
15520-15521 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2842 |
15525-15527 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2843 |
15527-15528 |
NN |
denotes |
p |
T2844 |
15531-15535 |
CD |
denotes |
0.35 |
T2845 |
15529-15530 |
SYM |
denotes |
> |
T2846 |
15535-15537 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2847 |
15537-15538 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T2848 |
15541-15542 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T2849 |
15539-15540 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T2850 |
15542-15543 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2851 |
15544-15548 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T2852 |
15558-15565 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T2853 |
15566-15569 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2854 |
15593-15597 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2855 |
15570-15580 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T2856 |
15581-15584 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2857 |
15585-15592 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T2858 |
15597-15598 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2859 |
15598-15706 |
sentence |
denotes |
Thus, the remarkable increase in endurance is the physiologic manifestation of muscle fiber transformation. |
T2860 |
15599-15603 |
RB |
denotes |
Thus |
T2861 |
15642-15644 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2862 |
15603-15605 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2863 |
15605-15608 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2864 |
15620-15628 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T2865 |
15609-15619 |
JJ |
denotes |
remarkable |
T2866 |
15629-15631 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2867 |
15632-15641 |
NN |
denotes |
endurance |
T2868 |
15645-15648 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2869 |
15661-15674 |
NN |
denotes |
manifestation |
T2870 |
15649-15660 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T2871 |
15675-15677 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2872 |
15678-15684 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T2873 |
15685-15690 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T2874 |
15691-15705 |
NN |
denotes |
transformation |
T2875 |
15705-15706 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2876 |
15706-15812 |
sentence |
denotes |
This suggests that genetically directed muscle fiber switch is physiologically and functionally relevant. |
T2877 |
15707-15711 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T2878 |
15712-15720 |
VBZ |
denotes |
suggests |
T2879 |
15721-15725 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T2880 |
15767-15769 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T2881 |
15726-15737 |
RB |
denotes |
genetically |
T2882 |
15738-15746 |
VBN |
denotes |
directed |
T2883 |
15760-15766 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T2884 |
15747-15753 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T2885 |
15754-15759 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T2886 |
15770-15785 |
RB |
denotes |
physiologically |
T2887 |
15803-15811 |
JJ |
denotes |
relevant |
T2888 |
15786-15789 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2889 |
15790-15802 |
RB |
denotes |
functionally |
T2890 |
15811-15812 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2891 |
15812-15907 |
sentence |
denotes |
In addition, we looked at what effect the absence of PPARδ function has on exercise endurance. |
T2892 |
15813-15815 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T2893 |
15829-15835 |
VBD |
denotes |
looked |
T2894 |
15816-15824 |
NN |
denotes |
addition |
T2895 |
15824-15826 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2896 |
15826-15828 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T2897 |
15836-15838 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T2898 |
15839-15843 |
WDT |
denotes |
what |
T2899 |
15844-15850 |
NN |
denotes |
effect |
T2900 |
15881-15884 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T2901 |
15851-15854 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2902 |
15855-15862 |
NN |
denotes |
absence |
T2903 |
15863-15865 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2904 |
15866-15871 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2905 |
15872-15880 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T2906 |
15885-15887 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T2907 |
15888-15896 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T2908 |
15897-15906 |
NN |
denotes |
endurance |
T2909 |
15906-15907 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2910 |
15907-16086 |
sentence |
denotes |
In the treadmill test, the PPARδ-null mice could sustain only 38% of the running time and 34% of the distance of their age- and weight-matched wild-type counterparts (Figure 6B). |
T2911 |
15908-15910 |
IN |
denotes |
In |
T2912 |
15957-15964 |
VB |
denotes |
sustain |
T2913 |
15911-15914 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2914 |
15925-15929 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T2915 |
15915-15924 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T2916 |
15929-15931 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2917 |
15931-15934 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2918 |
15946-15950 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T2919 |
15935-15940 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2920 |
15941-15945 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T2921 |
15940-15941 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2922 |
15951-15956 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T2923 |
15965-15969 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T2924 |
15972-15973 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T2925 |
15970-15972 |
CD |
denotes |
38 |
T2926 |
15974-15976 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2927 |
15977-15980 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2928 |
15989-15993 |
NN |
denotes |
time |
T2929 |
15981-15988 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T2930 |
15994-15997 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2931 |
15998-16000 |
CD |
denotes |
34 |
T2932 |
16000-16001 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T2933 |
16002-16004 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2934 |
16005-16008 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2935 |
16009-16017 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T2936 |
16018-16020 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2937 |
16021-16026 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
their |
T2938 |
16061-16073 |
NNS |
denotes |
counterparts |
T2939 |
16027-16030 |
NN |
denotes |
age |
T2940 |
16043-16050 |
VBN |
denotes |
matched |
T2941 |
16030-16031 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2942 |
16032-16035 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2943 |
16036-16042 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T2944 |
16042-16043 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2945 |
16051-16055 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T2946 |
16056-16060 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2947 |
16055-16056 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2948 |
16074-16075 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T2949 |
16075-16081 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T2950 |
16082-16084 |
CD |
denotes |
6B |
T2951 |
16084-16085 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T2952 |
16085-16086 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T2953 |
16086-16173 |
sentence |
denotes |
These results further support a role for PPARδ in enhancement of physical performance. |
T2954 |
16087-16092 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T2955 |
16093-16100 |
NNS |
denotes |
results |
T2956 |
16109-16116 |
VBP |
denotes |
support |
T2957 |
16101-16108 |
RB |
denotes |
further |
T2958 |
16117-16118 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T2959 |
16119-16123 |
NN |
denotes |
role |
T2960 |
16124-16127 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T2961 |
16128-16133 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T2962 |
16134-16136 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T2963 |
16137-16148 |
NN |
denotes |
enhancement |
T2964 |
16149-16151 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2965 |
16152-16160 |
JJ |
denotes |
physical |
T2966 |
16161-16172 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T2967 |
16172-16173 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3182 |
16709-16712 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
Our |
T3183 |
16713-16717 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T3184 |
16718-16724 |
VBP |
denotes |
reveal |
T3185 |
16725-16729 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3186 |
16775-16783 |
VB |
denotes |
regulate |
T3187 |
16730-16731 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3188 |
16763-16770 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T3189 |
16732-16737 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3190 |
16738-16746 |
VBN |
denotes |
mediated |
T3191 |
16737-16738 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3192 |
16747-16762 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3193 |
16771-16774 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3194 |
16784-16790 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3195 |
16791-16796 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3196 |
16797-16810 |
NN |
denotes |
specification |
T3197 |
16810-16812 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3198 |
16812-16820 |
VBG |
denotes |
enabling |
T3199 |
16821-16824 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3200 |
16825-16835 |
NN |
denotes |
generation |
T3201 |
16836-16838 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3202 |
16839-16840 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3203 |
16841-16847 |
NN |
denotes |
strain |
T3204 |
16848-16850 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3205 |
16851-16855 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T3206 |
16856-16860 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3207 |
16861-16862 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3208 |
16887-16896 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T3209 |
16863-16864 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T3210 |
16864-16868 |
JJ |
denotes |
long |
T3211 |
16869-16877 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T3212 |
16868-16869 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3213 |
16878-16885 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T3214 |
16885-16886 |
'' |
denotes |
” |
T3215 |
16896-16897 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3216 |
16897-17181 |
sentence |
denotes |
We show that targeted expression of an activated form of PPARδ produces profound and coordinated increases in oxidation enzymes, mitochondrial biogenesis, and production of specialized type I fiber contractile proteins—the three hallmarks for muscle fiber type switching (Figure 6C). |
T3217 |
16898-16900 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T3218 |
16901-16905 |
VBP |
denotes |
show |
T3219 |
16906-16910 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3220 |
16961-16969 |
VBZ |
denotes |
produces |
T3221 |
16911-16919 |
VBN |
denotes |
targeted |
T3222 |
16920-16930 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T3223 |
16931-16933 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3224 |
16934-16936 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T3225 |
16947-16951 |
NN |
denotes |
form |
T3226 |
16937-16946 |
JJ |
denotes |
activated |
T3227 |
16952-16954 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3228 |
16955-16960 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3229 |
16970-16978 |
JJ |
denotes |
profound |
T3230 |
16995-17004 |
NNS |
denotes |
increases |
T3231 |
16979-16982 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3232 |
16983-16994 |
VBN |
denotes |
coordinated |
T3233 |
17005-17007 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3234 |
17008-17017 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T3235 |
17018-17025 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T3236 |
17025-17027 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3237 |
17027-17040 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3238 |
17041-17051 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T3239 |
17051-17053 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3240 |
17053-17056 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3241 |
17057-17067 |
NN |
denotes |
production |
T3242 |
17068-17070 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3243 |
17071-17082 |
VBN |
denotes |
specialized |
T3244 |
17108-17116 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T3245 |
17083-17087 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3246 |
17090-17095 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3247 |
17088-17089 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T3248 |
17096-17107 |
JJ |
denotes |
contractile |
T3249 |
17116-17117 |
: |
denotes |
— |
T3250 |
17117-17120 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3251 |
17127-17136 |
NNS |
denotes |
hallmarks |
T3252 |
17121-17126 |
CD |
denotes |
three |
T3253 |
17137-17140 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3254 |
17141-17147 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3255 |
17148-17153 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3256 |
17159-17168 |
NN |
denotes |
switching |
T3257 |
17154-17158 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3258 |
17169-17170 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3259 |
17170-17176 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T3260 |
17177-17179 |
CD |
denotes |
6C |
T3261 |
17179-17180 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3262 |
17180-17181 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3263 |
17181-17439 |
sentence |
denotes |
While induction of muscle oxidation enzymes by PPARδ has been seen both in vivo and in vitro (Muoio et al. 2002; Dressel et al. 2003; Luquet et al. 2003; Tanaka et al. 2003; Wang et al. 2003), its effects shown here on muscle fiber switching are unexpected. |
T3264 |
17182-17187 |
IN |
denotes |
While |
T3265 |
17244-17248 |
VBN |
denotes |
seen |
T3266 |
17188-17197 |
NN |
denotes |
induction |
T3267 |
17198-17200 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3268 |
17201-17207 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3269 |
17218-17225 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T3270 |
17208-17217 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T3271 |
17226-17228 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3272 |
17229-17234 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3273 |
17235-17238 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T3274 |
17239-17243 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T3275 |
17424-17427 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3276 |
17249-17253 |
CC |
denotes |
both |
T3277 |
17257-17261 |
FW |
denotes |
vivo |
T3278 |
17254-17256 |
FW |
denotes |
in |
T3279 |
17262-17265 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3280 |
17266-17268 |
FW |
denotes |
in |
T3281 |
17269-17274 |
FW |
denotes |
vitro |
T3282 |
17275-17276 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3283 |
17276-17281 |
NNP |
denotes |
Muoio |
T3284 |
17282-17284 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3285 |
17285-17288 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3286 |
17289-17293 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T3287 |
17293-17294 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3288 |
17295-17302 |
NNP |
denotes |
Dressel |
T3289 |
17303-17305 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3290 |
17306-17309 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3291 |
17310-17314 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3292 |
17314-17315 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3293 |
17316-17322 |
NNP |
denotes |
Luquet |
T3294 |
17323-17325 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3295 |
17326-17329 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3296 |
17330-17334 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3297 |
17334-17335 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3298 |
17336-17342 |
NNP |
denotes |
Tanaka |
T3299 |
17343-17345 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3300 |
17346-17349 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3301 |
17350-17354 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3302 |
17354-17355 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3303 |
17356-17360 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wang |
T3304 |
17361-17363 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3305 |
17364-17367 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3306 |
17368-17372 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3307 |
17372-17373 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3308 |
17373-17375 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3309 |
17375-17378 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3310 |
17379-17386 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3311 |
17387-17392 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T3312 |
17393-17397 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T3313 |
17398-17400 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T3314 |
17401-17407 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3315 |
17408-17413 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3316 |
17414-17423 |
NN |
denotes |
switching |
T3317 |
17428-17438 |
JJ |
denotes |
unexpected |
T3318 |
17438-17439 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3319 |
17439-17628 |
sentence |
denotes |
These progressive changes in oxidative capacity in conjunction with eventual changes in type I muscle fiber lead to a dramatically improved exercise profile and protection against obesity. |
T3320 |
17440-17445 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T3321 |
17458-17465 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T3322 |
17446-17457 |
JJ |
denotes |
progressive |
T3323 |
17548-17552 |
VBP |
denotes |
lead |
T3324 |
17466-17468 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3325 |
17469-17478 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T3326 |
17479-17487 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T3327 |
17488-17490 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3328 |
17491-17502 |
NN |
denotes |
conjunction |
T3329 |
17503-17507 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3330 |
17508-17516 |
JJ |
denotes |
eventual |
T3331 |
17517-17524 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T3332 |
17525-17527 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3333 |
17528-17532 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3334 |
17542-17547 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3335 |
17533-17534 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T3336 |
17535-17541 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3337 |
17553-17555 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3338 |
17556-17557 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3339 |
17589-17596 |
NN |
denotes |
profile |
T3340 |
17558-17570 |
RB |
denotes |
dramatically |
T3341 |
17571-17579 |
VBN |
denotes |
improved |
T3342 |
17580-17588 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3343 |
17597-17600 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3344 |
17601-17611 |
NN |
denotes |
protection |
T3345 |
17612-17619 |
IN |
denotes |
against |
T3346 |
17620-17627 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T3347 |
17627-17628 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3348 |
17628-17883 |
sentence |
denotes |
This does not solely depend on achieving a directed muscle fiber type switch but also requires all the associated changes in neural innervation, motor neuron function, and peripheral metabolic adaptation to enable a new integrated physiological response. |
T3349 |
17629-17633 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3350 |
17650-17656 |
VB |
denotes |
depend |
T3351 |
17634-17638 |
VBZ |
denotes |
does |
T3352 |
17639-17642 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3353 |
17643-17649 |
RB |
denotes |
solely |
T3354 |
17657-17659 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T3355 |
17660-17669 |
VBG |
denotes |
achieving |
T3356 |
17670-17671 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3357 |
17699-17705 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T3358 |
17672-17680 |
VBN |
denotes |
directed |
T3359 |
17681-17687 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3360 |
17688-17693 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3361 |
17694-17698 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3362 |
17706-17709 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T3363 |
17710-17714 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T3364 |
17715-17723 |
VBZ |
denotes |
requires |
T3365 |
17724-17727 |
PDT |
denotes |
all |
T3366 |
17743-17750 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T3367 |
17728-17731 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3368 |
17732-17742 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T3369 |
17751-17753 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3370 |
17754-17760 |
JJ |
denotes |
neural |
T3371 |
17761-17772 |
NN |
denotes |
innervation |
T3372 |
17772-17774 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3373 |
17774-17779 |
NN |
denotes |
motor |
T3374 |
17780-17786 |
NN |
denotes |
neuron |
T3375 |
17787-17795 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3376 |
17795-17797 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3377 |
17797-17800 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3378 |
17801-17811 |
JJ |
denotes |
peripheral |
T3379 |
17822-17832 |
NN |
denotes |
adaptation |
T3380 |
17812-17821 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T3381 |
17833-17835 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3382 |
17836-17842 |
VB |
denotes |
enable |
T3383 |
17843-17844 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3384 |
17874-17882 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T3385 |
17845-17848 |
JJ |
denotes |
new |
T3386 |
17849-17859 |
VBN |
denotes |
integrated |
T3387 |
17860-17873 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiological |
T3388 |
17882-17883 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3389 |
17883-18022 |
sentence |
denotes |
Accordingly, activation of muscle PPARδ essentially recapitulates the effects of exercise training even in the absence of training itself. |
T3390 |
17884-17895 |
RB |
denotes |
Accordingly |
T3391 |
17936-17949 |
VBZ |
denotes |
recapitulates |
T3392 |
17895-17897 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3393 |
17897-17907 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T3394 |
17908-17910 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3395 |
17911-17917 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3396 |
17918-17923 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3397 |
17924-17935 |
RB |
denotes |
essentially |
T3398 |
17950-17953 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3399 |
17954-17961 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3400 |
17962-17964 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3401 |
17965-17973 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3402 |
17974-17982 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T3403 |
17983-17987 |
RB |
denotes |
even |
T3404 |
17988-17990 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3405 |
17991-17994 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3406 |
17995-18002 |
NN |
denotes |
absence |
T3407 |
18003-18005 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3408 |
18006-18014 |
VBG |
denotes |
training |
T3409 |
18015-18021 |
PRP |
denotes |
itself |
T3410 |
18021-18022 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3411 |
18022-18115 |
sentence |
denotes |
To our knowledge, this has not been directly described for any other transcriptional factor. |
T3412 |
18023-18025 |
IN |
denotes |
To |
T3413 |
18068-18077 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T3414 |
18026-18029 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T3415 |
18030-18039 |
NN |
denotes |
knowledge |
T3416 |
18039-18041 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3417 |
18041-18045 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T3418 |
18046-18049 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T3419 |
18050-18053 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3420 |
18054-18058 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T3421 |
18059-18067 |
RB |
denotes |
directly |
T3422 |
18078-18081 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3423 |
18082-18085 |
DT |
denotes |
any |
T3424 |
18108-18114 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
T3425 |
18086-18091 |
JJ |
denotes |
other |
T3426 |
18092-18107 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3427 |
18114-18115 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3428 |
18115-18433 |
sentence |
denotes |
The muscle phenotypes described here are remarkably similar to those of transgenic mice expressing either calcineurin, calmodulin-dependent kinase, or PGC-1α (Naya et al. 2000; Lin et al. 2002; Wu et al. 2002), indicating that PPARδ could be one of the hypothetical downstream transcription factors of these pathways. |
T3429 |
18116-18119 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T3430 |
18127-18137 |
NNS |
denotes |
phenotypes |
T3431 |
18120-18126 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3432 |
18153-18156 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3433 |
18138-18147 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T3434 |
18148-18152 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T3435 |
18157-18167 |
RB |
denotes |
remarkably |
T3436 |
18168-18175 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T3437 |
18176-18178 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3438 |
18179-18184 |
DT |
denotes |
those |
T3439 |
18185-18187 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3440 |
18188-18198 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T3441 |
18199-18203 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T3442 |
18204-18214 |
VBG |
denotes |
expressing |
T3443 |
18215-18221 |
CC |
denotes |
either |
T3444 |
18222-18233 |
NN |
denotes |
calcineurin |
T3445 |
18233-18235 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3446 |
18235-18245 |
NN |
denotes |
calmodulin |
T3447 |
18246-18255 |
JJ |
denotes |
dependent |
T3448 |
18245-18246 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3449 |
18256-18262 |
NN |
denotes |
kinase |
T3450 |
18262-18264 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3451 |
18264-18266 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3452 |
18267-18270 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3453 |
18270-18271 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3454 |
18271-18273 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T3455 |
18274-18275 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3456 |
18275-18279 |
NNP |
denotes |
Naya |
T3457 |
18280-18282 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3458 |
18283-18286 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3459 |
18287-18291 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T3460 |
18291-18292 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3461 |
18293-18296 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T3462 |
18297-18299 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3463 |
18300-18303 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3464 |
18304-18308 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T3465 |
18308-18309 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3466 |
18310-18312 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wu |
T3467 |
18313-18315 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3468 |
18316-18319 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3469 |
18320-18324 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T3470 |
18324-18325 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3471 |
18325-18327 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3472 |
18327-18337 |
VBG |
denotes |
indicating |
T3473 |
18338-18342 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3474 |
18355-18357 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3475 |
18343-18348 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3476 |
18349-18354 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T3477 |
18358-18361 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T3478 |
18362-18364 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3479 |
18365-18368 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3480 |
18407-18414 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T3481 |
18369-18381 |
JJ |
denotes |
hypothetical |
T3482 |
18382-18392 |
JJ |
denotes |
downstream |
T3483 |
18393-18406 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T3484 |
18415-18417 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3485 |
18418-18423 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T3486 |
18424-18432 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T3487 |
18432-18433 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3488 |
18433-18592 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is important to note that, from our ligand and gain-of-function transgenic studies, PPARδ needs to be activated in order to direct the muscle fiber switch. |
T3489 |
18434-18436 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T3490 |
18437-18439 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3491 |
18440-18449 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
T3492 |
18450-18452 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3493 |
18453-18457 |
VB |
denotes |
note |
T3494 |
18458-18462 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3495 |
18527-18532 |
VBZ |
denotes |
needs |
T3496 |
18462-18464 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3497 |
18464-18468 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T3498 |
18469-18472 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T3499 |
18512-18519 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T3500 |
18473-18479 |
NN |
denotes |
ligand |
T3501 |
18480-18483 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3502 |
18484-18488 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T3503 |
18488-18489 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3504 |
18489-18491 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3505 |
18491-18492 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3506 |
18492-18500 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3507 |
18501-18511 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T3508 |
18519-18521 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3509 |
18521-18526 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3510 |
18533-18535 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3511 |
18539-18548 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T3512 |
18536-18538 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3513 |
18549-18551 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3514 |
18552-18557 |
NN |
denotes |
order |
T3515 |
18558-18560 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3516 |
18561-18567 |
VB |
denotes |
direct |
T3517 |
18568-18571 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3518 |
18585-18591 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T3519 |
18572-18578 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3520 |
18579-18584 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3521 |
18591-18592 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3522 |
18592-18826 |
sentence |
denotes |
Indeed, in a recent report by Luquet et al. (2003), simple overexpression of wild-type PPARδ in muscle was found not to be sufficient to promote a fiber switch or obesity resistance, although certain oxidation enzymes were increased. |
T3523 |
18593-18599 |
RB |
denotes |
Indeed |
T3524 |
18700-18705 |
VBN |
denotes |
found |
T3525 |
18599-18601 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3526 |
18601-18603 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3527 |
18604-18605 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3528 |
18613-18619 |
NN |
denotes |
report |
T3529 |
18606-18612 |
JJ |
denotes |
recent |
T3530 |
18620-18622 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3531 |
18623-18629 |
NNP |
denotes |
Luquet |
T3532 |
18630-18632 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3533 |
18633-18636 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3534 |
18637-18638 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3535 |
18638-18642 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3536 |
18642-18643 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3537 |
18643-18645 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3538 |
18645-18651 |
JJ |
denotes |
simple |
T3539 |
18652-18666 |
NN |
denotes |
overexpression |
T3540 |
18667-18669 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3541 |
18670-18674 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T3542 |
18675-18679 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3543 |
18674-18675 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3544 |
18680-18685 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3545 |
18686-18688 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3546 |
18689-18695 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3547 |
18696-18699 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T3548 |
18706-18709 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3549 |
18713-18715 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3550 |
18710-18712 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3551 |
18716-18726 |
JJ |
denotes |
sufficient |
T3552 |
18727-18729 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3553 |
18730-18737 |
VB |
denotes |
promote |
T3554 |
18738-18739 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3555 |
18746-18752 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T3556 |
18740-18745 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3557 |
18753-18755 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3558 |
18756-18763 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T3559 |
18764-18774 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T3560 |
18774-18776 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3561 |
18776-18784 |
IN |
denotes |
although |
T3562 |
18816-18825 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T3563 |
18785-18792 |
JJ |
denotes |
certain |
T3564 |
18803-18810 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T3565 |
18793-18802 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T3566 |
18811-18815 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T3567 |
18825-18826 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3568 |
18826-18936 |
sentence |
denotes |
This supports the model in Figure 6C that the activating signal or ligand, but not the receptor, is limiting. |
T3569 |
18827-18831 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3570 |
18832-18840 |
VBZ |
denotes |
supports |
T3571 |
18841-18844 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3572 |
18845-18850 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T3573 |
18851-18853 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3574 |
18854-18860 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T3575 |
18861-18863 |
CD |
denotes |
6C |
T3576 |
18864-18868 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3577 |
18924-18926 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3578 |
18869-18872 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3579 |
18884-18890 |
NN |
denotes |
signal |
T3580 |
18873-18883 |
VBG |
denotes |
activating |
T3581 |
18891-18893 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3582 |
18894-18900 |
NN |
denotes |
ligand |
T3583 |
18900-18902 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3584 |
18902-18905 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T3585 |
18906-18909 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3586 |
18910-18913 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3587 |
18914-18922 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T3588 |
18922-18924 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3589 |
18927-18935 |
VBG |
denotes |
limiting |
T3590 |
18935-18936 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3591 |
18936-19098 |
sentence |
denotes |
Thus, PPARδ activation, rather than merely an increase of PPARδ levels, is an essential element for fiber switching and its associated functional manifestations. |
T3592 |
18937-18941 |
RB |
denotes |
Thus |
T3593 |
19009-19011 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3594 |
18941-18943 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3595 |
18943-18948 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3596 |
18949-18959 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T3597 |
18959-18961 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3598 |
18961-18967 |
RB |
denotes |
rather |
T3599 |
18968-18972 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T3600 |
18973-18979 |
RB |
denotes |
merely |
T3601 |
18983-18991 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T3602 |
18980-18982 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T3603 |
18992-18994 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3604 |
18995-19000 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3605 |
19001-19007 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T3606 |
19007-19009 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3607 |
19012-19014 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T3608 |
19025-19032 |
NN |
denotes |
element |
T3609 |
19015-19024 |
JJ |
denotes |
essential |
T3610 |
19033-19036 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3611 |
19037-19042 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3612 |
19043-19052 |
NN |
denotes |
switching |
T3613 |
19053-19056 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3614 |
19057-19060 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3615 |
19083-19097 |
NNS |
denotes |
manifestations |
T3616 |
19061-19071 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T3617 |
19072-19082 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T3618 |
19097-19098 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3619 |
19098-19174 |
sentence |
denotes |
How might endogenous PPARδ become activated naturally by exercise training? |
T3620 |
19099-19102 |
WRB |
denotes |
How |
T3621 |
19126-19132 |
VB |
denotes |
become |
T3622 |
19103-19108 |
MD |
denotes |
might |
T3623 |
19109-19119 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T3624 |
19120-19125 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3625 |
19133-19142 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T3626 |
19143-19152 |
RB |
denotes |
naturally |
T3627 |
19153-19155 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3628 |
19156-19164 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3629 |
19165-19173 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T3630 |
19173-19174 |
. |
denotes |
? |
T3631 |
19174-19353 |
sentence |
denotes |
First, it is possible that exercise generates or increases endogenous ligands for PPARδ as tissues are undergoing substantial increases in fatty-acid internalization and burning. |
T3632 |
19175-19180 |
RB |
denotes |
First |
T3633 |
19185-19187 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3634 |
19180-19182 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3635 |
19182-19184 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T3636 |
19188-19196 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
T3637 |
19197-19201 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3638 |
19211-19220 |
VBZ |
denotes |
generates |
T3639 |
19202-19210 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3640 |
19221-19223 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3641 |
19224-19233 |
VBZ |
denotes |
increases |
T3642 |
19234-19244 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T3643 |
19245-19252 |
NNS |
denotes |
ligands |
T3644 |
19253-19256 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3645 |
19257-19262 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3646 |
19263-19265 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3647 |
19278-19288 |
VBG |
denotes |
undergoing |
T3648 |
19266-19273 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T3649 |
19274-19277 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3650 |
19289-19300 |
JJ |
denotes |
substantial |
T3651 |
19301-19310 |
NNS |
denotes |
increases |
T3652 |
19311-19313 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3653 |
19314-19319 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T3654 |
19320-19324 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T3655 |
19319-19320 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3656 |
19325-19340 |
NN |
denotes |
internalization |
T3657 |
19341-19344 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3658 |
19345-19352 |
NN |
denotes |
burning |
T3659 |
19352-19353 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3660 |
19353-19407 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fatty acids and their metabolites can activate PPARδ. |
T3661 |
19354-19359 |
JJ |
denotes |
Fatty |
T3662 |
19360-19365 |
NNS |
denotes |
acids |
T3663 |
19392-19400 |
VB |
denotes |
activate |
T3664 |
19366-19369 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3665 |
19370-19375 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
their |
T3666 |
19376-19387 |
NNS |
denotes |
metabolites |
T3667 |
19388-19391 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3668 |
19401-19406 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3669 |
19406-19407 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3670 |
19407-19518 |
sentence |
denotes |
A second model is that exercise may induce expression of PGC-1α (Goto et al. 2000) and thereby activate PPARδ. |
T3671 |
19408-19409 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T3672 |
19417-19422 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T3673 |
19410-19416 |
JJ |
denotes |
second |
T3674 |
19423-19425 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3675 |
19426-19430 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3676 |
19444-19450 |
VB |
denotes |
induce |
T3677 |
19431-19439 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3678 |
19440-19443 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T3679 |
19451-19461 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T3680 |
19462-19464 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3681 |
19465-19468 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3682 |
19468-19469 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3683 |
19469-19471 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T3684 |
19472-19473 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3685 |
19473-19477 |
NNP |
denotes |
Goto |
T3686 |
19478-19480 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3687 |
19481-19484 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3688 |
19485-19489 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T3689 |
19489-19490 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3690 |
19491-19494 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3691 |
19495-19502 |
RB |
denotes |
thereby |
T3692 |
19503-19511 |
VBP |
denotes |
activate |
T3693 |
19512-19517 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3694 |
19517-19518 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3695 |
19518-19723 |
sentence |
denotes |
This is consistent with previous work in which we have shown that PGC-1α physically associates with PPARδ in muscle tissue and can powerfully activate it even in the absence of ligands (Wang et al. 2003). |
T3696 |
19519-19523 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3697 |
19524-19526 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3698 |
19527-19537 |
JJ |
denotes |
consistent |
T3699 |
19538-19542 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3700 |
19543-19551 |
JJ |
denotes |
previous |
T3701 |
19552-19556 |
NN |
denotes |
work |
T3702 |
19557-19559 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3703 |
19574-19579 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T3704 |
19560-19565 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T3705 |
19566-19568 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T3706 |
19569-19573 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T3707 |
19580-19584 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3708 |
19603-19613 |
VBZ |
denotes |
associates |
T3709 |
19585-19588 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3710 |
19588-19589 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3711 |
19589-19591 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T3712 |
19592-19602 |
RB |
denotes |
physically |
T3713 |
19614-19618 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3714 |
19619-19624 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3715 |
19625-19627 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3716 |
19628-19634 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3717 |
19635-19641 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T3718 |
19642-19645 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3719 |
19646-19649 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3720 |
19661-19669 |
VB |
denotes |
activate |
T3721 |
19650-19660 |
RB |
denotes |
powerfully |
T3722 |
19670-19672 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T3723 |
19673-19677 |
RB |
denotes |
even |
T3724 |
19678-19680 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3725 |
19681-19684 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3726 |
19685-19692 |
NN |
denotes |
absence |
T3727 |
19693-19695 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3728 |
19696-19703 |
NNS |
denotes |
ligands |
T3729 |
19704-19705 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3730 |
19705-19709 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wang |
T3731 |
19710-19712 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3732 |
19713-19716 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3733 |
19717-19721 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3734 |
19721-19722 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3735 |
19722-19723 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3736 |
19723-19828 |
sentence |
denotes |
Alternatively, PPARδ may be activated by a distal upstream signaling component such as a kinase cascade. |
T3737 |
19724-19737 |
RB |
denotes |
Alternatively |
T3738 |
19752-19761 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T3739 |
19737-19739 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3740 |
19739-19744 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3741 |
19745-19748 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T3742 |
19749-19751 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3743 |
19762-19764 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3744 |
19765-19766 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3745 |
19793-19802 |
NN |
denotes |
component |
T3746 |
19767-19773 |
JJ |
denotes |
distal |
T3747 |
19774-19782 |
JJ |
denotes |
upstream |
T3748 |
19783-19792 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T3749 |
19803-19807 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T3750 |
19808-19810 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3751 |
19811-19812 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3752 |
19820-19827 |
NN |
denotes |
cascade |
T3753 |
19813-19819 |
NN |
denotes |
kinase |
T3754 |
19827-19828 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3755 |
19828-20028 |
sentence |
denotes |
Further dissecting the interactions between PPARδ and its regulatory components will be necessary to fully understand the molecular basis of muscle fiber determination pertinent to exercise training. |
T3756 |
19829-19836 |
RB |
denotes |
Further |
T3757 |
19837-19847 |
VBG |
denotes |
dissecting |
T3758 |
19914-19916 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3759 |
19848-19851 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3760 |
19852-19864 |
NNS |
denotes |
interactions |
T3761 |
19865-19872 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T3762 |
19873-19878 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3763 |
19879-19882 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3764 |
19883-19886 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3765 |
19898-19908 |
NNS |
denotes |
components |
T3766 |
19887-19897 |
JJ |
denotes |
regulatory |
T3767 |
19909-19913 |
MD |
denotes |
will |
T3768 |
19917-19926 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T3769 |
19927-19929 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3770 |
19936-19946 |
VB |
denotes |
understand |
T3771 |
19930-19935 |
RB |
denotes |
fully |
T3772 |
19947-19950 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3773 |
19961-19966 |
NN |
denotes |
basis |
T3774 |
19951-19960 |
JJ |
denotes |
molecular |
T3775 |
19967-19969 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3776 |
19970-19976 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3777 |
19977-19982 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3778 |
19983-19996 |
NN |
denotes |
determination |
T3779 |
19997-20006 |
JJ |
denotes |
pertinent |
T3780 |
20007-20009 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3781 |
20010-20018 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3782 |
20019-20027 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T3783 |
20027-20028 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3784 |
20028-20118 |
sentence |
denotes |
Skeletal muscle is a major site to regulate whole-body fatty-acid and glucose metabolism. |
T3785 |
20029-20037 |
JJ |
denotes |
Skeletal |
T3786 |
20038-20044 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3787 |
20045-20047 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3788 |
20048-20049 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3789 |
20056-20060 |
NN |
denotes |
site |
T3790 |
20050-20055 |
JJ |
denotes |
major |
T3791 |
20061-20063 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3792 |
20064-20072 |
VB |
denotes |
regulate |
T3793 |
20073-20078 |
JJ |
denotes |
whole |
T3794 |
20079-20083 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T3795 |
20078-20079 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3796 |
20107-20117 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T3797 |
20084-20089 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T3798 |
20090-20094 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T3799 |
20089-20090 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3800 |
20095-20098 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3801 |
20099-20106 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T3802 |
20117-20118 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3803 |
20118-20235 |
sentence |
denotes |
We show that mice with increased oxidative fibers are resistant to high-fat-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. |
T3804 |
20119-20121 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T3805 |
20122-20126 |
VBP |
denotes |
show |
T3806 |
20127-20131 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3807 |
20169-20172 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3808 |
20132-20136 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T3809 |
20137-20141 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3810 |
20142-20151 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T3811 |
20162-20168 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T3812 |
20152-20161 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T3813 |
20173-20182 |
JJ |
denotes |
resistant |
T3814 |
20183-20185 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3815 |
20186-20190 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T3816 |
20191-20194 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T3817 |
20190-20191 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3818 |
20195-20202 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T3819 |
20194-20195 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3820 |
20203-20210 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T3821 |
20211-20214 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3822 |
20215-20222 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T3823 |
20223-20234 |
NN |
denotes |
intolerance |
T3824 |
20234-20235 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3825 |
20235-20353 |
sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, ligand studies provide compelling evidence that activation of endogenous PPARδ can produce similar effects. |
T3826 |
20236-20244 |
RB |
denotes |
Moreover |
T3827 |
20261-20268 |
VBP |
denotes |
provide |
T3828 |
20244-20246 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3829 |
20246-20252 |
NN |
denotes |
ligand |
T3830 |
20253-20260 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T3831 |
20269-20279 |
JJ |
denotes |
compelling |
T3832 |
20280-20288 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T3833 |
20289-20293 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3834 |
20329-20336 |
VB |
denotes |
produce |
T3835 |
20294-20304 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T3836 |
20305-20307 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3837 |
20308-20318 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T3838 |
20319-20324 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3839 |
20325-20328 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3840 |
20337-20344 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T3841 |
20345-20352 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3842 |
20352-20353 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3843 |
20353-20438 |
sentence |
denotes |
Might PPARδ have any beneficial effects on glucose metabolism in the lean condition? |
T3844 |
20354-20359 |
MD |
denotes |
Might |
T3845 |
20366-20370 |
VB |
denotes |
have |
T3846 |
20360-20365 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3847 |
20371-20374 |
DT |
denotes |
any |
T3848 |
20386-20393 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3849 |
20375-20385 |
JJ |
denotes |
beneficial |
T3850 |
20394-20396 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T3851 |
20397-20404 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T3852 |
20405-20415 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T3853 |
20416-20418 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3854 |
20419-20422 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3855 |
20428-20437 |
NN |
denotes |
condition |
T3856 |
20423-20427 |
JJ |
denotes |
lean |
T3857 |
20437-20438 |
. |
denotes |
? |
T3858 |
20438-20639 |
sentence |
denotes |
This has not been explored; however, insulin resistance in the elderly is confined mostly to skeletal muscle and may be due to reduction of mitochondrial number and/or function (Petersen et al. 2003). |
T3859 |
20439-20443 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3860 |
20457-20465 |
VBN |
denotes |
explored |
T3861 |
20444-20447 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T3862 |
20448-20451 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3863 |
20452-20456 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T3864 |
20513-20521 |
VBN |
denotes |
confined |
T3865 |
20465-20466 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3866 |
20467-20474 |
RB |
denotes |
however |
T3867 |
20474-20476 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3868 |
20476-20483 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T3869 |
20484-20494 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T3870 |
20495-20497 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3871 |
20498-20501 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3872 |
20502-20509 |
JJ |
denotes |
elderly |
T3873 |
20510-20512 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3874 |
20522-20528 |
RB |
denotes |
mostly |
T3875 |
20529-20531 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3876 |
20532-20540 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T3877 |
20541-20547 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3878 |
20548-20551 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3879 |
20552-20555 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T3880 |
20556-20558 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3881 |
20559-20562 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T3882 |
20563-20565 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3883 |
20566-20575 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T3884 |
20576-20578 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3885 |
20579-20592 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3886 |
20593-20599 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T3887 |
20600-20603 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3888 |
20603-20604 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T3889 |
20604-20606 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3890 |
20607-20615 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3891 |
20616-20617 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3892 |
20617-20625 |
NNP |
denotes |
Petersen |
T3893 |
20626-20628 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3894 |
20629-20632 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3895 |
20633-20637 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3896 |
20637-20638 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3897 |
20638-20639 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3898 |
20639-20815 |
sentence |
denotes |
The ability of PPARδ to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative function suggests that PPARδ could be important for control of insulin resistance during normal aging. |
T3899 |
20640-20643 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T3900 |
20644-20651 |
NN |
denotes |
ability |
T3901 |
20722-20730 |
VBZ |
denotes |
suggests |
T3902 |
20652-20654 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3903 |
20655-20660 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3904 |
20661-20663 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3905 |
20664-20673 |
VB |
denotes |
stimulate |
T3906 |
20674-20687 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3907 |
20688-20698 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T3908 |
20699-20702 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3909 |
20703-20712 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T3910 |
20713-20721 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3911 |
20731-20735 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3912 |
20748-20750 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3913 |
20736-20741 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3914 |
20742-20747 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T3915 |
20751-20760 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
T3916 |
20761-20764 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3917 |
20765-20772 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T3918 |
20773-20775 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3919 |
20776-20783 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T3920 |
20784-20794 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T3921 |
20795-20801 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T3922 |
20802-20808 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T3923 |
20809-20814 |
NN |
denotes |
aging |
T3924 |
20814-20815 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3925 |
20815-21029 |
sentence |
denotes |
Together, these data indicate that PPARδ and its ligands comprise a key molecular switch to regulate muscle fiber specification, obesity resistance, insulin sensitivity, and, most surprisingly, physical endurance. |
T3926 |
20816-20824 |
RB |
denotes |
Together |
T3927 |
20837-20845 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T3928 |
20824-20826 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3929 |
20826-20831 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T3930 |
20832-20836 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T3931 |
20846-20850 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3932 |
20873-20881 |
VBP |
denotes |
comprise |
T3933 |
20851-20856 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3934 |
20857-20860 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3935 |
20861-20864 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3936 |
20865-20872 |
NNS |
denotes |
ligands |
T3937 |
20882-20883 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3938 |
20898-20904 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T3939 |
20884-20887 |
JJ |
denotes |
key |
T3940 |
20888-20897 |
JJ |
denotes |
molecular |
T3941 |
20905-20907 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3942 |
20908-20916 |
VB |
denotes |
regulate |
T3943 |
20917-20923 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3944 |
20924-20929 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3945 |
20930-20943 |
NN |
denotes |
specification |
T3946 |
20943-20945 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3947 |
20945-20952 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T3948 |
20953-20963 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T3949 |
20963-20965 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3950 |
20965-20972 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T3951 |
20973-20984 |
NN |
denotes |
sensitivity |
T3952 |
20984-20986 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3953 |
20986-20989 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3954 |
20989-20991 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3955 |
20991-20995 |
RBS |
denotes |
most |
T3956 |
20996-21008 |
RB |
denotes |
surprisingly |
T3957 |
21019-21028 |
NN |
denotes |
endurance |
T3958 |
21008-21010 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3959 |
21010-21018 |
JJ |
denotes |
physical |
T3960 |
21028-21029 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3961 |
21029-21169 |
sentence |
denotes |
This work demonstrates that complex physiologic properties such as fatigue, endurance, and running capacity can be genetically manipulated. |
T3962 |
21030-21034 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3963 |
21035-21039 |
NN |
denotes |
work |
T3964 |
21040-21052 |
VBZ |
denotes |
demonstrates |
T3965 |
21053-21057 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3966 |
21157-21168 |
VBN |
denotes |
manipulated |
T3967 |
21058-21065 |
JJ |
denotes |
complex |
T3968 |
21078-21088 |
NNS |
denotes |
properties |
T3969 |
21066-21077 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T3970 |
21089-21093 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T3971 |
21094-21096 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3972 |
21097-21104 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T3973 |
21104-21106 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3974 |
21106-21115 |
NN |
denotes |
endurance |
T3975 |
21115-21117 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3976 |
21117-21120 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3977 |
21121-21128 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T3978 |
21129-21137 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T3979 |
21138-21141 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3980 |
21142-21144 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3981 |
21145-21156 |
RB |
denotes |
genetically |
T3982 |
21168-21169 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4126 |
21507-21508 |
NN |
denotes |
A |
T4127 |
21506-21507 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4128 |
21508-21509 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4129 |
21518-21519 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4130 |
21519-21591 |
sentence |
denotes |
The transgene was purified and injected into C57BL/6J × CBA F1 zygotes. |
T4131 |
21520-21523 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4132 |
21524-21533 |
NN |
denotes |
transgene |
T4133 |
21538-21546 |
VBN |
denotes |
purified |
T4134 |
21534-21537 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4135 |
21547-21550 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4136 |
21551-21559 |
VBN |
denotes |
injected |
T4137 |
21560-21564 |
IN |
denotes |
into |
T4138 |
21565-21570 |
NN |
denotes |
C57BL |
T4139 |
21571-21573 |
NN |
denotes |
6J |
T4140 |
21570-21571 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T4141 |
21583-21590 |
NNS |
denotes |
zygotes |
T4142 |
21574-21575 |
SYM |
denotes |
× |
T4143 |
21576-21579 |
NN |
denotes |
CBA |
T4144 |
21580-21582 |
NN |
denotes |
F1 |
T4145 |
21590-21591 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4146 |
21591-21659 |
sentence |
denotes |
Transgenic mice were backcrossed with C57BL/6J for two generations. |
T4147 |
21592-21602 |
JJ |
denotes |
Transgenic |
T4148 |
21603-21607 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4149 |
21613-21624 |
VBN |
denotes |
backcrossed |
T4150 |
21608-21612 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4151 |
21625-21629 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4152 |
21630-21635 |
NN |
denotes |
C57BL |
T4153 |
21636-21638 |
NN |
denotes |
6J |
T4154 |
21635-21636 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T4155 |
21639-21642 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4156 |
21643-21646 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4157 |
21647-21658 |
NNS |
denotes |
generations |
T4158 |
21658-21659 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4159 |
21659-21725 |
sentence |
denotes |
Wild-type littermates were used as controls throughout the study. |
T4160 |
21660-21664 |
JJ |
denotes |
Wild |
T4161 |
21665-21669 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T4162 |
21664-21665 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4163 |
21670-21681 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T4164 |
21687-21691 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T4165 |
21682-21686 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4166 |
21692-21694 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4167 |
21695-21703 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T4168 |
21704-21714 |
IN |
denotes |
throughout |
T4169 |
21715-21718 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4170 |
21719-21724 |
NN |
denotes |
study |
T4171 |
21724-21725 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4172 |
21725-21826 |
sentence |
denotes |
On normal chow diet, the transgenic mice and control littermates used here had similar body weights. |
T4173 |
21726-21728 |
IN |
denotes |
On |
T4174 |
21801-21804 |
VBD |
denotes |
had |
T4175 |
21729-21735 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T4176 |
21741-21745 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T4177 |
21736-21740 |
NN |
denotes |
chow |
T4178 |
21745-21747 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4179 |
21747-21750 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4180 |
21762-21766 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4181 |
21751-21761 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T4182 |
21767-21770 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4183 |
21771-21778 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T4184 |
21779-21790 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T4185 |
21791-21795 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T4186 |
21796-21800 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T4187 |
21805-21812 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T4188 |
21818-21825 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T4189 |
21813-21817 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T4190 |
21825-21826 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4191 |
21826-21889 |
sentence |
denotes |
PPARδ-null mice were previously generated (Barak et al. 2002). |
T4192 |
21827-21832 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T4193 |
21833-21837 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T4194 |
21832-21833 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4195 |
21838-21842 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4196 |
21859-21868 |
VBN |
denotes |
generated |
T4197 |
21843-21847 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4198 |
21848-21858 |
RB |
denotes |
previously |
T4199 |
21869-21870 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4200 |
21870-21875 |
NNP |
denotes |
Barak |
T4201 |
21876-21878 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T4202 |
21879-21882 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T4203 |
21883-21887 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T4204 |
21887-21888 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4205 |
21888-21889 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4206 |
21889-22144 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mice were fed either a standard chow with 4% (w/w) fat content (Harlan Teklad, Harlan, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States) or a high-fat diet containing 35% (w/w) fat content (product F3282, Bioserv, Frenchtown, New Jersey, United States) as indicated. |
T4207 |
21890-21894 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T4208 |
21900-21903 |
VBN |
denotes |
fed |
T4209 |
21895-21899 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4210 |
21904-21910 |
CC |
denotes |
either |
T4211 |
21922-21926 |
NN |
denotes |
chow |
T4212 |
21911-21912 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4213 |
21913-21921 |
JJ |
denotes |
standard |
T4214 |
21927-21931 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4215 |
21932-21933 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T4216 |
21933-21934 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T4217 |
21945-21952 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T4218 |
21935-21936 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4242 |
22024-22025 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4243 |
22034-22044 |
VBG |
denotes |
containing |
T4244 |
22045-22047 |
CD |
denotes |
35 |
T4245 |
22047-22048 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T4246 |
22059-22066 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T4247 |
22049-22050 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4248 |
22050-22051 |
NN |
denotes |
w |
T4249 |
22051-22052 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T4250 |
22052-22053 |
NN |
denotes |
w |
T4251 |
22053-22054 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4252 |
22055-22058 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T4253 |
22067-22068 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4254 |
22076-22081 |
NN |
denotes |
F3282 |
T4255 |
22068-22075 |
NN |
denotes |
product |
T4256 |
22081-22083 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4257 |
22083-22090 |
NNP |
denotes |
Bioserv |
T4258 |
22090-22092 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4259 |
22092-22102 |
NNP |
denotes |
Frenchtown |
T4260 |
22102-22104 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4261 |
22104-22107 |
NNP |
denotes |
New |
T4262 |
22108-22114 |
NNP |
denotes |
Jersey |
T4263 |
22114-22116 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4264 |
22116-22122 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T4265 |
22123-22129 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T4266 |
22129-22130 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4267 |
22131-22133 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4268 |
22134-22143 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T4269 |
22143-22144 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4270 |
22144-22269 |
sentence |
denotes |
For ligand experiments, we synthesized the GW501516 compound and mice were orally gavaged daily (10 mg/kg or vehicle alone). |
T4336 |
22382-22384 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4337 |
22384-22390 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T4338 |
22391-22397 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T4339 |
22397-22398 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4340 |
22398-22400 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4341 |
22400-22408 |
VBN |
denotes |
verified |
T4342 |
22409-22411 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T4343 |
22412-22422 |
NN |
denotes |
sequencing |
T4344 |
22422-22424 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4345 |
22424-22427 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4346 |
22428-22432 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T4347 |
22433-22435 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4348 |
22436-22444 |
NNP |
denotes |
Northern |
T4349 |
22445-22451 |
NNS |
denotes |
probes |
T4350 |
22451-22452 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4351 |
22452-22548 |
sentence |
denotes |
Antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, California, United States). |
T4352 |
22453-22463 |
NNS |
denotes |
Antibodies |
T4353 |
22469-22477 |
VBN |
denotes |
obtained |
T4354 |
22464-22468 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4355 |
22478-22482 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T4356 |
22483-22488 |
NNP |
denotes |
Santa |
T4357 |
22489-22493 |
NNP |
denotes |
Cruz |
T4358 |
22494-22507 |
NNP |
denotes |
Biotechnology |
T4359 |
22508-22509 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4360 |
22509-22514 |
NNP |
denotes |
Santa |
T4361 |
22515-22519 |
NNP |
denotes |
Cruz |
T4362 |
22519-22521 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4363 |
22521-22531 |
NNP |
denotes |
California |
T4364 |
22531-22533 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4365 |
22533-22539 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T4366 |
22540-22546 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T4367 |
22546-22547 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4368 |
22547-22548 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4369 |
22548-22664 |
sentence |
denotes |
Total muscle protein extracts (Lin et al. 2002) and nuclear proteins (Wang et al. 2003) were prepared as described. |
T4370 |
22549-22554 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T4371 |
22570-22578 |
NNS |
denotes |
extracts |
T4372 |
22555-22561 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T4373 |
22562-22569 |
NN |
denotes |
protein |
T4374 |
22642-22650 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T4375 |
22579-22580 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4376 |
22580-22583 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T4377 |
22584-22586 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T4378 |
22587-22590 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T4379 |
22591-22595 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T4380 |
22595-22596 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4381 |
22597-22600 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4382 |
22601-22608 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T4383 |
22609-22617 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T4384 |
22618-22619 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4385 |
22619-22623 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wang |
T4386 |
22624-22626 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T4387 |
22627-22630 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T4388 |
22631-22635 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T4389 |
22635-22636 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4390 |
22637-22641 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4391 |
22651-22653 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4392 |
22654-22663 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T4393 |
22663-22664 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4394 |
22664-22850 |
sentence |
denotes |
Prior to the exercise performance test, the mice were accustomed to the treadmill (Columbus Instruments, Columbus, Ohio, United States) with a 5-min run at 7 m/min once per day for 2 d. |
T4395 |
22665-22670 |
JJ |
denotes |
Prior |
T4396 |
22671-22673 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4397 |
22719-22729 |
VBN |
denotes |
accustomed |
T4398 |
22674-22677 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4399 |
22699-22703 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T4400 |
22678-22686 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T4401 |
22687-22698 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T4402 |
22703-22705 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4403 |
22705-22708 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4404 |
22709-22713 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4405 |
22714-22718 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4406 |
22730-22732 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4407 |
22733-22736 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4408 |
22737-22746 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T4409 |
22747-22748 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4410 |
22757-22768 |
NNP |
denotes |
Instruments |
T4411 |
22748-22756 |
NNP |
denotes |
Columbus |
T4412 |
22768-22770 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4413 |
22770-22778 |
NNP |
denotes |
Columbus |
T4414 |
22778-22780 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4415 |
22780-22784 |
NNP |
denotes |
Ohio |
T4416 |
22784-22786 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4417 |
22786-22792 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T4418 |
22793-22799 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T4419 |
22799-22800 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4420 |
22801-22805 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4421 |
22806-22807 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4422 |
22814-22817 |
NN |
denotes |
run |
T4423 |
22808-22809 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T4424 |
22810-22813 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T4425 |
22809-22810 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4426 |
22818-22820 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T4427 |
22821-22822 |
CD |
denotes |
7 |
T4428 |
22823-22824 |
NNS |
denotes |
m |
T4429 |
22824-22825 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T4430 |
22825-22828 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T4431 |
22829-22833 |
RB |
denotes |
once |
T4432 |
22834-22837 |
IN |
denotes |
per |
T4433 |
22838-22841 |
NN |
denotes |
day |
T4434 |
22842-22845 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4435 |
22846-22847 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T4436 |
22848-22849 |
NNS |
denotes |
d |
T4437 |
22849-22850 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4438 |
22850-22972 |
sentence |
denotes |
The exercise test regimen was 10 m/min for the first 60 min, followed by 1 m/min increment increases at 15-min intervals. |
T4439 |
22851-22854 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4440 |
22869-22876 |
NN |
denotes |
regimen |
T4441 |
22855-22863 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T4442 |
22864-22868 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T4443 |
22877-22880 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4444 |
22881-22883 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T4445 |
22884-22885 |
NNS |
denotes |
m |
T4446 |
22885-22886 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T4478 |
23027-23037 |
JJ |
denotes |
repetitive |
T4479 |
23049-23055 |
NNS |
denotes |
shocks |
T4480 |
23038-23048 |
JJ |
denotes |
electrical |
T4481 |
23055-23056 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4549 |
23307-23310 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T4550 |
23315-23323 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T4551 |
23311-23314 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4552 |
23324-23327 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4553 |
23328-23336 |
VBN |
denotes |
analyzed |
T4554 |
23337-23339 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T4555 |
23340-23341 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T4556 |
23341-23342 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T4557 |
23351-23354 |
NN |
denotes |
gel |
T4558 |
23343-23350 |
NN |
denotes |
agarose |
T4559 |
23354-23355 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4687 |
4893-4903 |
NN |
denotes |
Expression |
T4688 |
4904-4906 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4689 |
4907-4917 |
JJ |
denotes |
Endogenous |
T4690 |
4939-4948 |
NN |
denotes |
Transgene |
T4691 |
4918-4923 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T4692 |
4924-4927 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4693 |
4928-4932 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T4694 |
4933-4938 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T4695 |
4932-4933 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4696 |
4949-4951 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4697 |
4952-4958 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T4698 |
4958-5075 |
sentence |
denotes |
(A) Pooled RNA isolated from various muscles of five wild-type male C57B6 mice was hybridized with indicated probes. |
T4699 |
4959-4960 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4700 |
4960-4961 |
LS |
denotes |
A |
T4701 |
5042-5052 |
VBN |
denotes |
hybridized |
T4702 |
4961-4962 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4703 |
4963-4969 |
VBN |
denotes |
Pooled |
T4704 |
4970-4973 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T4705 |
4974-4982 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T4706 |
4983-4987 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T4707 |
4988-4995 |
JJ |
denotes |
various |
T4708 |
4996-5003 |
NNS |
denotes |
muscles |
T4709 |
5004-5006 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4710 |
5007-5011 |
CD |
denotes |
five |
T4711 |
5033-5037 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4712 |
5012-5016 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T4713 |
5017-5021 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T4714 |
5016-5017 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4715 |
5022-5026 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T4716 |
5027-5032 |
NN |
denotes |
C57B6 |
T4717 |
5038-5041 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4718 |
5053-5057 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4719 |
5058-5067 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T4720 |
5068-5074 |
NNS |
denotes |
probes |
T4721 |
5074-5075 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4722 |
5075-5130 |
sentence |
denotes |
EDL, extensor digitorum longus; Gastro, gastrocnemius. |
T4723 |
5076-5079 |
NN |
denotes |
EDL |
T4724 |
5079-5081 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4725 |
5081-5089 |
NN |
denotes |
extensor |
T4726 |
5100-5106 |
NN |
denotes |
longus |
T4727 |
5090-5099 |
NN |
denotes |
digitorum |
T4728 |
5106-5107 |
, |
denotes |
; |
T4729 |
5108-5114 |
NN |
denotes |
Gastro |
T4730 |
5114-5116 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4731 |
5116-5129 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T4732 |
5129-5130 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4733 |
5130-5260 |
sentence |
denotes |
(B) Pooled nuclear proteins (15 μg/lane) isolated from muscles of five wild-type male C57B6 were probed with anti-PPARδ antibody. |
T4734 |
5131-5132 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4735 |
5132-5133 |
LS |
denotes |
B |
T4736 |
5228-5234 |
VBN |
denotes |
probed |
T4737 |
5133-5134 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4738 |
5135-5141 |
VBN |
denotes |
Pooled |
T4739 |
5150-5158 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T4740 |
5142-5149 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T4741 |
5159-5160 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4742 |
5163-5165 |
NNS |
denotes |
μg |
T4743 |
5160-5162 |
CD |
denotes |
15 |
T4744 |
5165-5166 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T4745 |
5166-5170 |
NN |
denotes |
lane |
T4746 |
5170-5171 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4747 |
5172-5180 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T4748 |
5181-5185 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T4749 |
5186-5193 |
NNS |
denotes |
muscles |
T4750 |
5194-5196 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4751 |
5197-5201 |
CD |
denotes |
five |
T4752 |
5217-5222 |
NN |
denotes |
C57B6 |
T4753 |
5202-5206 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T4754 |
5207-5211 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T4755 |
5206-5207 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4756 |
5212-5216 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T4757 |
5223-5227 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4758 |
5235-5239 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4759 |
5240-5250 |
JJ |
denotes |
anti-PPARδ |
T4760 |
5251-5259 |
NN |
denotes |
antibody |
T4761 |
5259-5260 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4762 |
5260-5318 |
sentence |
denotes |
RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is shown as a loading control. |
T4763 |
5261-5264 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T4764 |
5265-5275 |
NN |
denotes |
polymerase |
T4765 |
5291-5296 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T4766 |
5276-5278 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T4767 |
5279-5280 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4768 |
5280-5283 |
NN |
denotes |
Pol |
T4769 |
5284-5286 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T4770 |
5286-5287 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4771 |
5288-5290 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4772 |
5297-5299 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4773 |
5300-5301 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4774 |
5310-5317 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T4775 |
5302-5309 |
NN |
denotes |
loading |
T4776 |
5317-5318 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4777 |
5318-5381 |
sentence |
denotes |
(C) Expression of the VP16-PPARδ transgene in various tissues. |
T4778 |
5319-5320 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4779 |
5320-5321 |
LS |
denotes |
C |
T4780 |
5323-5333 |
NN |
denotes |
Expression |
T4781 |
5321-5322 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4782 |
5334-5336 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4783 |
5337-5340 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4784 |
5352-5361 |
NN |
denotes |
transgene |
T4785 |
5341-5345 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T4786 |
5346-5351 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T4787 |
5345-5346 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4788 |
5362-5364 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4789 |
5365-5372 |
JJ |
denotes |
various |
T4790 |
5373-5380 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T4791 |
5380-5381 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4792 |
5381-5456 |
sentence |
denotes |
10 μg of total RNA from each tissue was hybridized with a VP16 cDNA probe. |
T4793 |
5382-5384 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T4794 |
5385-5387 |
NNS |
denotes |
μg |
T4795 |
5422-5432 |
VBN |
denotes |
hybridized |
T4796 |
5388-5390 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4797 |
5391-5396 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T4798 |
5397-5400 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T4799 |
5401-5405 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T4800 |
5406-5410 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T4801 |
5411-5417 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T4802 |
5418-5421 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4803 |
5433-5437 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4804 |
5438-5439 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4805 |
5450-5455 |
NN |
denotes |
probe |
T4806 |
5440-5444 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T4807 |
5445-5449 |
NN |
denotes |
cDNA |
T4808 |
5455-5456 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4809 |
5456-5492 |
sentence |
denotes |
Gastrocnemius muscle was used here. |
T4810 |
5457-5470 |
NN |
denotes |
Gastrocnemius |
T4811 |
5471-5477 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T4812 |
5482-5486 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T4813 |
5478-5481 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4814 |
5487-5491 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T4815 |
5491-5492 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4816 |
5492-5663 |
sentence |
denotes |
(D) Nuclear proteins (15 μg/lane) isolated from gastrocnemius muscle of the transgenic mice (TG) and the wild-type littermates (WT) were probed with indicated antibodies. |
T4817 |
5493-5494 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4818 |
5494-5495 |
LS |
denotes |
D |
T4819 |
5630-5636 |
VBN |
denotes |
probed |
T4820 |
5495-5496 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4826 |
5520-5521 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T4827 |
5521-5525 |
NN |
denotes |
lane |
T4828 |
5525-5526 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4829 |
5527-5535 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T4830 |
5536-5540 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T4831 |
5541-5554 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T4832 |
5555-5561 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T4833 |
5562-5564 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4834 |
5565-5568 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4835 |
5580-5584 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4836 |
5569-5579 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T4837 |
5585-5586 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4838 |
5586-5588 |
JJ |
denotes |
TG |
T4839 |
5588-5589 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4840 |
5590-5593 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4841 |
5594-5597 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4842 |
5608-5619 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T4843 |
5598-5602 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T4844 |
5603-5607 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T4845 |
5602-5603 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4846 |
5620-5621 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4847 |
5621-5623 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T4848 |
5623-5624 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4849 |
5625-5629 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4850 |
5637-5641 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4851 |
5642-5651 |
JJ |
denotes |
indicated |
T4852 |
5652-5662 |
NNS |
denotes |
antibodies |
T4853 |
5662-5663 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4854 |
5663-5765 |
sentence |
denotes |
The upper, nonspecific band that cross-reacted with the anti-PPARδ antibody serves a loading control. |
T4855 |
5664-5667 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4856 |
5687-5691 |
NN |
denotes |
band |
T4857 |
5668-5673 |
JJ |
denotes |
upper |
T4858 |
5673-5675 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4859 |
5675-5686 |
JJ |
denotes |
nonspecific |
T4860 |
5740-5746 |
VBZ |
denotes |
serves |
T4861 |
5692-5696 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T4862 |
5697-5710 |
VBD |
denotes |
cross-reacted |
T4863 |
5711-5715 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4864 |
5716-5719 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4865 |
5731-5739 |
NN |
denotes |
antibody |
T4866 |
5720-5730 |
JJ |
denotes |
anti-PPARδ |
T4867 |
5747-5748 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4868 |
5757-5764 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T4869 |
5749-5756 |
NN |
denotes |
loading |
T4870 |
5764-5765 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4906 |
9581-9584 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T4907 |
9542-9545 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4908 |
9546-9547 |
LS |
denotes |
B |
T4909 |
9547-9548 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4910 |
9549-9556 |
NNS |
denotes |
Muscles |
T4911 |
9557-9559 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4912 |
9560-9570 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T4913 |
9571-9575 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4914 |
9576-9577 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4915 |
9577-9579 |
JJ |
denotes |
TG |
T4916 |
9579-9580 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4917 |
9585-9591 |
JJR |
denotes |
redder |
T4918 |
9592-9596 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T4919 |
9597-9602 |
DT |
denotes |
those |
T4920 |
9603-9605 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4921 |
9606-9610 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T4922 |
9611-9615 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T4923 |
9610-9611 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4924 |
9616-9620 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4925 |
9621-9622 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4926 |
9622-9624 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T4927 |
9624-9625 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4928 |
9625-9626 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4929 |
9626-9686 |
sentence |
denotes |
(C) Metachromatic staining of the type II plantaris muscle. |
T4930 |
9627-9628 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4931 |
9628-9629 |
LS |
denotes |
C |
T4932 |
9645-9653 |
NN |
denotes |
staining |
T4933 |
9629-9630 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4934 |
9631-9644 |
JJ |
denotes |
Metachromatic |
T4935 |
9654-9656 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4936 |
9657-9660 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4937 |
9679-9685 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T4938 |
9661-9665 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T4939 |
9666-9668 |
CD |
denotes |
II |
T4940 |
9669-9678 |
NN |
denotes |
plantaris |
T4941 |
9685-9686 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4942 |
9686-9723 |
sentence |
denotes |
Type I fibers are stained dark blue. |
T4943 |
9687-9691 |
NN |
denotes |
Type |
T4944 |
9694-9700 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T4945 |
9692-9693 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T4946 |
9705-9712 |
VBN |
denotes |
stained |
T4947 |
9701-9704 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T4948 |
9713-9717 |
RB |
denotes |
dark |
T4949 |
9718-9722 |
JJ |
denotes |
blue |
T4950 |
9722-9723 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5072 |
9917-9921 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T5073 |
9922-9926 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5074 |
9921-9922 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5075 |
9927-9928 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5076 |
9928-9930 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T5077 |
9930-9931 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5078 |
9944-9947 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5079 |
9955-9959 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5080 |
9960-9969 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T5081 |
9970-9976 |
NNS |
denotes |
probes |
T5082 |
9976-9977 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5083 |
9977-10031 |
sentence |
denotes |
The fold increase of induction of each gene is shown. |
T5084 |
9978-9981 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T5085 |
9987-9995 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T5086 |
9982-9986 |
JJ |
denotes |
fold |
T5087 |
10025-10030 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T5088 |
9996-9998 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5089 |
9999-10008 |
NN |
denotes |
induction |
T5090 |
10009-10011 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5091 |
10012-10016 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T5092 |
10017-10021 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T5093 |
10022-10024 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T5094 |
10030-10031 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5095 |
10031-10248 |
sentence |
denotes |
(B) Total genomic DNA (10 μg/lane) prepared from gastrocnemius muscle was digested with Nco1 and subjected to Southern analysis with COXII (mitochondrial genome–encoded) and MCIP1 (nuclear genome–encoded) DNA probes. |
T5096 |
10032-10033 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5097 |
10033-10034 |
LS |
denotes |
B |
T5098 |
10106-10114 |
VBN |
denotes |
digested |
T5099 |
10034-10035 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5100 |
10036-10041 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T5101 |
10050-10053 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T5102 |
10042-10049 |
JJ |
denotes |
genomic |
T5103 |
10054-10055 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5111 |
10081-10094 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T5112 |
10095-10101 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T5113 |
10102-10105 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5114 |
10115-10119 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5115 |
10120-10124 |
NN |
denotes |
Nco1 |
T5116 |
10125-10128 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5117 |
10129-10138 |
VBN |
denotes |
subjected |
T5118 |
10139-10141 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T5119 |
10142-10150 |
NNP |
denotes |
Southern |
T5120 |
10151-10159 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T5121 |
10160-10164 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5122 |
10165-10170 |
NN |
denotes |
COXII |
T5123 |
10241-10247 |
NNS |
denotes |
probes |
T5124 |
10171-10172 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5125 |
10193-10200 |
VBN |
denotes |
encoded |
T5126 |
10172-10185 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T5127 |
10186-10192 |
NN |
denotes |
genome |
T5128 |
10192-10193 |
HYPH |
denotes |
– |
T5129 |
10200-10201 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5130 |
10202-10205 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5131 |
10206-10211 |
NN |
denotes |
MCIP1 |
T5132 |
10212-10213 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5133 |
10228-10235 |
VBN |
denotes |
encoded |
T5134 |
10213-10220 |
JJ |
denotes |
nuclear |
T5135 |
10221-10227 |
NN |
denotes |
genome |
T5136 |
10227-10228 |
HYPH |
denotes |
– |
T5137 |
10235-10236 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5138 |
10237-10240 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T5139 |
10247-10248 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5140 |
10248-10356 |
sentence |
denotes |
(C) Equal amounts of gastrocnemius muscle were collected from both transgenic mice and control littermates. |
T5141 |
10249-10250 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5142 |
10250-10251 |
LS |
denotes |
C |
T5143 |
10296-10305 |
VBN |
denotes |
collected |
T5144 |
10251-10252 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5145 |
10253-10258 |
JJ |
denotes |
Equal |
T5146 |
10259-10266 |
NNS |
denotes |
amounts |
T5147 |
10267-10269 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5148 |
10270-10283 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T5149 |
10284-10290 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T5150 |
10291-10295 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5151 |
10306-10310 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T5152 |
10311-10315 |
CC |
denotes |
both |
T5153 |
10327-10331 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5154 |
10316-10326 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T5155 |
10332-10335 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5156 |
10336-10343 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T5157 |
10344-10355 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T5158 |
10355-10356 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5159 |
10356-10426 |
sentence |
denotes |
Total mitochondrial DNA was isolated and separated on 1% agarose gel. |
T5160 |
10357-10362 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T5161 |
10377-10380 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T5162 |
10363-10376 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T5163 |
10385-10393 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T5164 |
10381-10384 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5165 |
10394-10397 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5166 |
10398-10407 |
VBN |
denotes |
separated |
T5167 |
10408-10410 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T5168 |
10411-10412 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T5169 |
10412-10413 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T5170 |
10422-10425 |
NN |
denotes |
gel |
T5171 |
10414-10421 |
NN |
denotes |
agarose |
T5172 |
10425-10426 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5173 |
10426-10517 |
sentence |
denotes |
The relative abundance of mitochondrial DNA in transgenic and wild-type mice is presented. |
T5174 |
10427-10430 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T5175 |
10440-10449 |
NN |
denotes |
abundance |
T5176 |
10431-10439 |
JJ |
denotes |
relative |
T5177 |
10507-10516 |
VBN |
denotes |
presented |
T5178 |
10450-10452 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5179 |
10453-10466 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T5180 |
10467-10470 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T5181 |
10471-10473 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5182 |
10474-10484 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T5183 |
10499-10503 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5184 |
10485-10488 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5185 |
10489-10493 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T5186 |
10494-10498 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5187 |
10493-10494 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5188 |
10504-10506 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T5189 |
10516-10517 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5190 |
10517-10597 |
sentence |
denotes |
(D) Western blot analysis of muscle fiber markers and mitochondrial components. |
T5191 |
10518-10519 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5192 |
10519-10520 |
LS |
denotes |
D |
T5193 |
10535-10543 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T5194 |
10520-10521 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5195 |
10522-10529 |
NNP |
denotes |
Western |
T5196 |
10530-10534 |
NN |
denotes |
blot |
T5197 |
10544-10546 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5198 |
10547-10553 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T5199 |
10554-10559 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T5200 |
10560-10567 |
NNS |
denotes |
markers |
T5201 |
10568-10571 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5202 |
10572-10585 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T5203 |
10586-10596 |
NNS |
denotes |
components |
T5204 |
10596-10597 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5205 |
10597-10669 |
sentence |
denotes |
Each lane was loaded with 80 μg of total gastrocnemius muscle extracts. |
T5206 |
10598-10602 |
DT |
denotes |
Each |
T5207 |
10603-10607 |
NN |
denotes |
lane |
T5208 |
10612-10618 |
VBN |
denotes |
loaded |
T5209 |
10608-10611 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5210 |
10619-10623 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5211 |
10624-10626 |
CD |
denotes |
80 |
T5212 |
10627-10629 |
NNS |
denotes |
μg |
T5213 |
10630-10632 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5214 |
10633-10638 |
JJ |
denotes |
total |
T5215 |
10660-10668 |
NNS |
denotes |
extracts |
T5216 |
10639-10652 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T5217 |
10653-10659 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T5218 |
10668-10669 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5219 |
10669-10756 |
sentence |
denotes |
(E) Wild-type C57B6 mice were treated with vehicle or PPARδ agonist GW501516 for 10 d. |
T5220 |
10670-10671 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5221 |
10671-10672 |
LS |
denotes |
E |
T5222 |
10700-10707 |
VBN |
denotes |
treated |
T5223 |
10672-10673 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5224 |
10674-10678 |
JJ |
denotes |
Wild |
T5225 |
10679-10683 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5226 |
10678-10679 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5227 |
10690-10694 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5228 |
10684-10689 |
NN |
denotes |
C57B6 |
T5229 |
10695-10699 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5230 |
10708-10712 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5231 |
10713-10720 |
NN |
denotes |
vehicle |
T5232 |
10721-10723 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T5233 |
10724-10729 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T5234 |
10730-10737 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T5235 |
10738-10746 |
NN |
denotes |
GW501516 |
T5236 |
10747-10750 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5237 |
10751-10753 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T5238 |
10754-10755 |
NN |
denotes |
d |
T5239 |
10755-10756 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5240 |
10756-10852 |
sentence |
denotes |
Total RNA (10 μg/lane) prepared from the gastrocnemius muscle was probed with indicated probes. |
T5241 |
10757-10762 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T5242 |
10763-10766 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T5243 |
10823-10829 |
VBN |
denotes |
probed |
T5244 |
10767-10768 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5245 |
10771-10773 |
NNS |
denotes |
μg |
T5246 |
10768-10770 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T5247 |
10773-10774 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T5248 |
10774-10778 |
NN |
denotes |
lane |
T5249 |
10778-10779 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5250 |
10780-10788 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T5251 |
10789-10793 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T5252 |
10794-10797 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5253 |
10812-10818 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T5254 |
10798-10811 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T5255 |
10819-10822 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5256 |
10830-10834 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5257 |
10835-10844 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T5258 |
10845-10851 |
NNS |
denotes |
probes |
T5259 |
10851-10852 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5308 |
12673-12683 |
NN |
denotes |
Resistance |
T5309 |
12684-12686 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T5310 |
12687-12691 |
JJ |
denotes |
High |
T5311 |
12692-12695 |
NN |
denotes |
Fat |
T5312 |
12691-12692 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5313 |
12696-12703 |
VBN |
denotes |
Induced |
T5314 |
12695-12696 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5315 |
12704-12711 |
NN |
denotes |
Obesity |
T5316 |
12712-12714 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5317 |
12715-12718 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5318 |
12730-12734 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T5319 |
12719-12729 |
JJ |
denotes |
Transgenic |
T5320 |
12734-12865 |
sentence |
denotes |
(A) Seven-week-old transgenic (TG) and wild-type (WT) littermates (n = 5–6 for each group) were fed with a high-fat diet for 97 d. |
T5321 |
12735-12736 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5322 |
12736-12737 |
LS |
denotes |
A |
T5323 |
12831-12834 |
VBN |
denotes |
fed |
T5324 |
12737-12738 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5325 |
12739-12744 |
CD |
denotes |
Seven |
T5326 |
12745-12749 |
NN |
denotes |
week |
T5327 |
12744-12745 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5328 |
12750-12753 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T5329 |
12749-12750 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5330 |
12789-12800 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T5331 |
12754-12764 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T5332 |
12765-12766 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5333 |
12766-12768 |
JJ |
denotes |
TG |
T5334 |
12768-12769 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5335 |
12770-12773 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5336 |
12774-12778 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T5337 |
12779-12783 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5338 |
12778-12779 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5339 |
12784-12785 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5340 |
12785-12787 |
NN |
denotes |
WT |
T5341 |
12787-12788 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5342 |
12801-12802 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5343 |
12808-12809 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5344 |
12802-12803 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T5384 |
12971-12976 |
NN |
denotes |
panel |
T5385 |
12977-12982 |
VBZ |
denotes |
shows |
T5386 |
12983-12986 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5387 |
12992-12999 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T5388 |
12987-12991 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T5389 |
13000-13006 |
IN |
denotes |
before |
T5390 |
13007-13008 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5391 |
13008-13011 |
NN |
denotes |
Day |
T5392 |
13012-13013 |
CD |
denotes |
0 |
T5393 |
13013-13014 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5394 |
13015-13018 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5395 |
13019-13024 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T5396 |
13025-13026 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5397 |
13026-13029 |
NN |
denotes |
Day |
T5398 |
13030-13032 |
CD |
denotes |
97 |
T5399 |
13032-13033 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5400 |
13034-13038 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T5401 |
13039-13042 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5402 |
13038-13039 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5403 |
13043-13050 |
NN |
denotes |
feeding |
T5404 |
13050-13051 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5405 |
13051-13161 |
sentence |
denotes |
(B) Histology of inguinal fat pad in the transgenic and wild-type littermates under a high-fat diet for 2 mo. |
T5406 |
13052-13053 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5407 |
13053-13054 |
LS |
denotes |
B |
T5408 |
13056-13065 |
NN |
denotes |
Histology |
T5409 |
13054-13055 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5410 |
13066-13068 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5411 |
13069-13077 |
JJ |
denotes |
inguinal |
T5412 |
13082-13085 |
NN |
denotes |
pad |
T5413 |
13078-13081 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5414 |
13086-13088 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5415 |
13089-13092 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5416 |
13118-13129 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T5417 |
13093-13103 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T5418 |
13104-13107 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5419 |
13108-13112 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T5420 |
13113-13117 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5421 |
13112-13113 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5422 |
13130-13135 |
IN |
denotes |
under |
T5423 |
13136-13137 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5424 |
13147-13151 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T5425 |
13138-13142 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T5426 |
13143-13146 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5427 |
13142-13143 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5428 |
13152-13155 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5429 |
13156-13157 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T5430 |
13158-13160 |
NN |
denotes |
mo |
T5431 |
13160-13161 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5432 |
13161-13282 |
sentence |
denotes |
(C and D) Intramuscular glycogen content (C) and triglyceride content (D) of mice in (A) after high-fat feeding (n = 6). |
T5433 |
13162-13163 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5434 |
13163-13164 |
LS |
denotes |
C |
T5435 |
13195-13202 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T5436 |
13165-13168 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5437 |
13169-13170 |
LS |
denotes |
D |
T5438 |
13170-13171 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5439 |
13172-13185 |
JJ |
denotes |
Intramuscular |
T5440 |
13186-13194 |
NN |
denotes |
glycogen |
T5441 |
13203-13204 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5442 |
13204-13205 |
NN |
denotes |
C |
T5443 |
13205-13206 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5444 |
13207-13210 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5445 |
13211-13223 |
NN |
denotes |
triglyceride |
T5446 |
13224-13231 |
NN |
denotes |
content |
T5447 |
13232-13233 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5448 |
13233-13234 |
NN |
denotes |
D |
T5449 |
13234-13235 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5450 |
13236-13238 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5451 |
13239-13243 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5452 |
13244-13246 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5453 |
13247-13248 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5454 |
13248-13249 |
NN |
denotes |
A |
T5455 |
13249-13250 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5456 |
13251-13256 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T5457 |
13257-13261 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T5458 |
13262-13265 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5459 |
13261-13262 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5460 |
13266-13273 |
NN |
denotes |
feeding |
T5461 |
13274-13275 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5462 |
13279-13280 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5463 |
13275-13276 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T5464 |
13277-13278 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T5465 |
13280-13281 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5466 |
13281-13282 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5467 |
13282-13310 |
sentence |
denotes |
(E) Glucose tolerance test. |
T5468 |
13283-13284 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5469 |
13284-13285 |
LS |
denotes |
E |
T5497 |
13400-13401 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5498 |
13402-13415 |
NN |
denotes |
concentration |
T5499 |
13416-13418 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5500 |
13419-13421 |
NN |
denotes |
1g |
T5501 |
13421-13422 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T5502 |
13430-13436 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T5503 |
13422-13424 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T5504 |
13425-13429 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T5505 |
13436-13437 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5506 |
13437-13508 |
sentence |
denotes |
Then blood glucose levels were measured periodically over 2 h (n = 6). |
T5507 |
13438-13442 |
RB |
denotes |
Then |
T5508 |
13469-13477 |
VBN |
denotes |
measured |
T5509 |
13443-13448 |
NN |
denotes |
blood |
T5510 |
13449-13456 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T5511 |
13457-13463 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T5512 |
13464-13468 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5513 |
13478-13490 |
RB |
denotes |
periodically |
T5514 |
13491-13495 |
IN |
denotes |
over |
T5515 |
13496-13497 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T5516 |
13498-13499 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T5517 |
13500-13501 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5518 |
13505-13506 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5519 |
13501-13502 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T5520 |
13503-13504 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T5521 |
13506-13507 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5522 |
13507-13508 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5573 |
13519-13524 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T5574 |
13525-13533 |
NNS |
denotes |
Agonists |
T5575 |
13534-13544 |
VBP |
denotes |
Counteract |
T5576 |
13545-13552 |
NN |
denotes |
Obesity |
T5577 |
13553-13560 |
VBN |
denotes |
Induced |
T5578 |
13561-13563 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T5579 |
13564-13568 |
JJ |
denotes |
High |
T5580 |
13569-13572 |
NN |
denotes |
Fat |
T5581 |
13568-13569 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5582 |
13573-13577 |
NN |
denotes |
Diet |
T5583 |
13577-13693 |
sentence |
denotes |
(A) Eleven-week-old wild-type C57B6 mice were fed a high-fat diet in combination with vehicle or GW501516 for 57 d. |
T5584 |
13578-13579 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5585 |
13579-13580 |
LS |
denotes |
A |
T5586 |
13624-13627 |
VBN |
denotes |
fed |
T5587 |
13580-13581 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5588 |
13582-13588 |
CD |
denotes |
Eleven |
T5589 |
13589-13593 |
NN |
denotes |
week |
T5590 |
13588-13589 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5591 |
13594-13597 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T5592 |
13593-13594 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5593 |
13614-13618 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5594 |
13598-13602 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T5595 |
13603-13607 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5668 |
13941-13948 |
NN |
denotes |
vehicle |
T5669 |
13949-13954 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T5670 |
13955-13956 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5671 |
13960-13961 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5672 |
13956-13957 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T5673 |
13958-13959 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T5674 |
13961-13962 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5675 |
13963-13966 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5676 |
13967-13972 |
CD |
denotes |
28.86 |
T5677 |
13975-13979 |
CD |
denotes |
0.80 |
T5678 |
13973-13974 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T5679 |
13980-13981 |
NNS |
denotes |
g |
T5680 |
13982-13985 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5681 |
13986-13994 |
NN |
denotes |
GW501516 |
T5682 |
13995-14000 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T5683 |
14001-14002 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5684 |
14006-14007 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5685 |
14002-14003 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T5686 |
14004-14005 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T5687 |
14007-14008 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5688 |
14008-14009 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5689 |
14009-14069 |
sentence |
denotes |
(C) Various tissue weights for mice in (A) after treatment. |
T5690 |
14010-14011 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5691 |
14011-14012 |
LS |
denotes |
C |
T5692 |
14029-14036 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T5693 |
14012-14013 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5694 |
14014-14021 |
JJ |
denotes |
Various |
T5695 |
14022-14028 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T5718 |
14125-14140 |
JJ |
denotes |
retroperitoneal |
T5719 |
14141-14144 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5720 |
14144-14145 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5721 |
14145-14173 |
sentence |
denotes |
(D) Glucose tolerance test. |
T5722 |
14146-14147 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5723 |
14147-14148 |
LS |
denotes |
D |
T5724 |
14168-14172 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T5725 |
14148-14149 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5726 |
14150-14157 |
NN |
denotes |
Glucose |
T5727 |
14158-14167 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T5728 |
14172-14173 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5729 |
14173-14293 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mice in (A) after treatment were fasted for 6 h and then injected with glucose at a concentration of 1g/kg body weight. |
T5730 |
14174-14178 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T5731 |
14207-14213 |
VBN |
denotes |
fasted |
T5732 |
14179-14181 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5733 |
14182-14183 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5734 |
14183-14184 |
NN |
denotes |
A |
T5735 |
14184-14185 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5736 |
14186-14191 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T5737 |
14192-14201 |
NN |
denotes |
treatment |
T5738 |
14202-14206 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5739 |
14214-14217 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5740 |
14218-14219 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5741 |
14220-14221 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T5742 |
14222-14225 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5743 |
14226-14230 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T5744 |
14231-14239 |
VBN |
denotes |
injected |
T5745 |
14240-14244 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5746 |
14245-14252 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T5747 |
14253-14255 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T5748 |
14256-14257 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5749 |
14258-14271 |
NN |
denotes |
concentration |
T5750 |
14272-14274 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5751 |
14275-14277 |
NN |
denotes |
1g |
T5752 |
14277-14278 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T5753 |
14286-14292 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T5754 |
14278-14280 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T5755 |
14281-14285 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T5756 |
14292-14293 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5757 |
14293-14356 |
sentence |
denotes |
Blood glucose levels were then measured periodically over 2 h. |
T5758 |
14294-14299 |
NN |
denotes |
Blood |
T5759 |
14300-14307 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T5760 |
14308-14314 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T5761 |
14325-14333 |
VBN |
denotes |
measured |
T5762 |
14315-14319 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5763 |
14320-14324 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T5764 |
14334-14346 |
RB |
denotes |
periodically |
T5765 |
14347-14351 |
IN |
denotes |
over |
T5766 |
14352-14353 |
CD |
denotes |
2 |
T5767 |
14354-14355 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T5768 |
14355-14356 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5797 |
16184-16189 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T5798 |
16190-16199 |
VBZ |
denotes |
Regulates |
T5799 |
16200-16208 |
NN |
denotes |
Exercise |
T5800 |
16209-16218 |
NN |
denotes |
Endurance |
T5801 |
16218-16276 |
sentence |
denotes |
(A) Enhanced exercise performance in the transgenic mice. |
T5802 |
16219-16220 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5803 |
16220-16221 |
LS |
denotes |
A |
T5804 |
16241-16252 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T5805 |
16221-16222 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5806 |
16223-16231 |
VBN |
denotes |
Enhanced |
T5807 |
16232-16240 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T5808 |
16253-16255 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5809 |
16256-16259 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5810 |
16271-16275 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5811 |
16260-16270 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T5839 |
16386-16390 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5840 |
16401-16403 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T5841 |
16404-16405 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5842 |
16432-16436 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T5843 |
16406-16412 |
VBN |
denotes |
forced |
T5844 |
16423-16431 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T5845 |
16413-16422 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T5846 |
16436-16437 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5847 |
16437-16494 |
sentence |
denotes |
(B) Compromised exercise performance in PPARδ-null mice. |
T5848 |
16438-16439 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5849 |
16439-16440 |
LS |
denotes |
B |
T5850 |
16463-16474 |
NN |
denotes |
performance |
T5851 |
16440-16441 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5852 |
16442-16453 |
VBN |
denotes |
Compromised |
T5853 |
16454-16462 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T5854 |
16475-16477 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5855 |
16478-16483 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T5856 |
16484-16488 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T5857 |
16483-16484 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5858 |
16489-16493 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5859 |
16493-16494 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5860 |
16494-16653 |
sentence |
denotes |
Two-month-old male PPARδ-null mice and wild-type controls with similar body weights (n = 6 for each group) were subjected to a forced treadmill exercise test. |
T5861 |
16495-16498 |
CD |
denotes |
Two |
T5862 |
16499-16504 |
NN |
denotes |
month |
T5863 |
16498-16499 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5864 |
16505-16508 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T5865 |
16504-16505 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5866 |
16525-16529 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5867 |
16509-16513 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T5868 |
16514-16519 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T5869 |
16520-16524 |
JJ |
denotes |
null |
T5870 |
16519-16520 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5871 |
16607-16616 |
VBN |
denotes |
subjected |
T5872 |
16530-16533 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5873 |
16534-16538 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T5874 |
16539-16543 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5875 |
16538-16539 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5876 |
16544-16552 |
NNS |
denotes |
controls |
T5877 |
16553-16557 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5878 |
16558-16565 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T5879 |
16571-16578 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T5880 |
16566-16570 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T5881 |
16579-16580 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5882 |
16584-16585 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5883 |
16580-16581 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T5884 |
16582-16583 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T5885 |
16586-16589 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5886 |
16590-16594 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T5887 |
16595-16600 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T5888 |
16600-16601 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5889 |
16602-16606 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5890 |
16617-16619 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T5891 |
16620-16621 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5892 |
16648-16652 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T5893 |
16622-16628 |
VBN |
denotes |
forced |
T5894 |
16639-16647 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T5895 |
16629-16638 |
NN |
denotes |
treadmill |
T5896 |
16652-16653 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5897 |
16653-16696 |
sentence |
denotes |
(C) Functions of PPARδ in skeletal muscle. |
T5898 |
16654-16655 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5899 |
16655-16656 |
LS |
denotes |
C |
T5900 |
16658-16667 |
NNS |
denotes |
Functions |
T5901 |
16656-16657 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5902 |
16668-16670 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5903 |
16671-16676 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T5904 |
16677-16679 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5905 |
16680-16688 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T5906 |
16689-16695 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T5907 |
16695-16696 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4591 |
23521-23525 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T4592 |
23498-23501 |
CD |
denotes |
two |
T4593 |
23502-23508 |
VBN |
denotes |
tailed |
T4594 |
23501-23502 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4595 |
23509-23516 |
NNP |
denotes |
Student |
T4596 |
23516-23518 |
POS |
denotes |
's |
T4597 |
23519-23520 |
NN |
denotes |
t |
T4598 |
23530-23534 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T4599 |
23526-23529 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4600 |
23535-23537 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T4601 |
23538-23547 |
VB |
denotes |
calculate |
T4602 |
23548-23549 |
NN |
denotes |
p |
T4603 |
23550-23556 |
NNS |
denotes |
values |
T4902 |
9523-9533 |
JJ |
denotes |
Transgenic |
T4903 |
9538-9626 |
sentence |
denotes |
(A and B) Muscles in transgenic mice (TG) are redder than those in wild-type mice (WT). |
T4904 |
9539-9540 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4905 |
9540-9541 |
LS |
denotes |
A |
T4562 |
23357-23368 |
JJ |
denotes |
Statistical |
T4563 |
23369-23377 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T4564 |
23377-23459 |
sentence |
denotes |
Number of mice for each group used in experiments is indicated in figure legends. |
T4565 |
23378-23384 |
NN |
denotes |
Number |
T4566 |
23431-23440 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T4567 |
23385-23387 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4568 |
23388-23392 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4569 |
23393-23396 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4570 |
23397-23401 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T4571 |
23402-23407 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T4572 |
23408-23412 |
VBN |
denotes |
used |
T4573 |
23413-23415 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4574 |
23416-23427 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T4575 |
23428-23430 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T4576 |
23441-23443 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4577 |
23444-23450 |
NN |
denotes |
figure |
T4578 |
23451-23458 |
NNS |
denotes |
legends |
T4579 |
23458-23459 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4580 |
23459-23495 |
sentence |
denotes |
Values are presented as mean ± SEM. |
T4581 |
23460-23466 |
NNS |
denotes |
Values |
T4582 |
23471-23480 |
VBN |
denotes |
presented |
T4583 |
23467-23470 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T4584 |
23481-23483 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4585 |
23484-23488 |
NN |
denotes |
mean |
T4586 |
23491-23494 |
NN |
denotes |
SEM |
T4587 |
23489-23490 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T4588 |
23494-23495 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4589 |
23495-23557 |
sentence |
denotes |
A two-tailed Student's t test was used to calculate p-values. |
T4590 |
23496-23497 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T4506 |
23058-23064 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T4507 |
23065-23070 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T4508 |
23071-23077 |
NN |
denotes |
typing |
T4509 |
23078-23081 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4510 |
23082-23095 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T4511 |
23096-23099 |
NN |
denotes |
DNA |
T4512 |
23100-23109 |
NN |
denotes |
isolation |
T4513 |
23109-23235 |
sentence |
denotes |
Muscle fiber typing was essentially performed using metachromatic dye–ATPase methods as described (Ogilvie and Feeback 1990). |
T4514 |
23110-23116 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T4515 |
23117-23122 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T4516 |
23123-23129 |
NN |
denotes |
typing |
T4517 |
23146-23155 |
VBN |
denotes |
performed |
T4518 |
23130-23133 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4519 |
23134-23145 |
RB |
denotes |
essentially |
T4520 |
23156-23161 |
VBG |
denotes |
using |
T4604 |
23549-23550 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4605 |
23556-23557 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4894 |
9482-9491 |
VBN |
denotes |
Increased |
T4895 |
9509-9515 |
NNS |
denotes |
Fibers |
T4896 |
9492-9501 |
JJ |
denotes |
Oxidative |
T4897 |
9502-9506 |
NN |
denotes |
Type |
T4898 |
9507-9508 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T4899 |
9516-9518 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4900 |
9519-9522 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4901 |
9534-9538 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T4521 |
23162-23175 |
JJ |
denotes |
metachromatic |
T4522 |
23176-23179 |
NN |
denotes |
dye |
T4523 |
23187-23194 |
NNS |
denotes |
methods |
T4524 |
23179-23180 |
HYPH |
denotes |
– |
T4525 |
23180-23186 |
NN |
denotes |
ATPase |
T4526 |
23195-23197 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T4527 |
23198-23207 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T4528 |
23208-23209 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4529 |
23209-23216 |
NNP |
denotes |
Ogilvie |
T4530 |
23217-23220 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4531 |
23221-23228 |
NNP |
denotes |
Feeback |
T4532 |
23229-23233 |
CD |
denotes |
1990 |
T4533 |
23233-23234 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4534 |
23234-23235 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4535 |
23235-23292 |
sentence |
denotes |
Muscle mitochondria were isolated (Scholte et al. 1997). |
T4536 |
23236-23242 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T4537 |
23243-23255 |
NNS |
denotes |
mitochondria |
T4538 |
23261-23269 |
VBN |
denotes |
isolated |
T4539 |
23256-23260 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4540 |
23270-23271 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4541 |
23271-23278 |
NNP |
denotes |
Scholte |
T4542 |
23279-23281 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T4543 |
23282-23285 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T4544 |
23286-23290 |
CD |
denotes |
1997 |
T4545 |
23290-23291 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4546 |
23291-23292 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4547 |
23292-23355 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mitochondrial DNA was prepared and analyzed on 1% agarose gel. |
T4548 |
23293-23306 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mitochondrial |
T5812 |
16275-16276 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5813 |
16276-16437 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fourteen-week-old male transgenic and wild-type littermates with similar body weights (n = 4 for each group) were subjected to a forced treadmill exercise test. |
T5814 |
16277-16285 |
CD |
denotes |
Fourteen |
T5815 |
16286-16290 |
NN |
denotes |
week |
T5816 |
16285-16286 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5817 |
16291-16294 |
JJ |
denotes |
old |
T5818 |
16290-16291 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5819 |
16325-16336 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T5820 |
16295-16299 |
JJ |
denotes |
male |
T5821 |
16300-16310 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T5822 |
16311-16314 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5823 |
16315-16319 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T5824 |
16320-16324 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T5825 |
16319-16320 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5826 |
16391-16400 |
VBN |
denotes |
subjected |
T5827 |
16337-16341 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5828 |
16342-16349 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T5829 |
16355-16362 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T5830 |
16350-16354 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T5831 |
16363-16364 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5832 |
16368-16369 |
CD |
denotes |
4 |
T5833 |
16364-16365 |
NN |
denotes |
n |
T5834 |
16366-16367 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T5835 |
16370-16373 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5836 |
16374-16378 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T5837 |
16379-16384 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T5838 |
16384-16385 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4326 |
22332-22338 |
NNS |
denotes |
clones |
T4327 |
22328-22331 |
NN |
denotes |
EST |
T4328 |
22344-22352 |
VBN |
denotes |
obtained |
T4329 |
22339-22343 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4330 |
22353-22357 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T4331 |
22358-22362 |
NN |
denotes |
ATCC |
T4332 |
22363-22364 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4333 |
22364-22372 |
NNP |
denotes |
Manassas |
T4334 |
22372-22374 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4335 |
22374-22382 |
NNP |
denotes |
Virginia |
T4473 |
23006-23010 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4318 |
22271-22275 |
NN |
denotes |
Gene |
T4319 |
22276-22286 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T4320 |
22287-22295 |
NN |
denotes |
analysis |
T4321 |
22296-22299 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4322 |
22300-22313 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiological |
T4323 |
22314-22321 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T4324 |
22321-22452 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mouse EST clones were obtained from ATCC (Manassas, Virginia, United States), verified by sequencing, and used as Northern probes. |
T4325 |
22322-22327 |
NN |
denotes |
Mouse |
T4447 |
22886-22889 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T4448 |
22890-22893 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4449 |
22894-22897 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4450 |
22907-22910 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T4451 |
22898-22903 |
JJ |
denotes |
first |
T4452 |
22904-22906 |
CD |
denotes |
60 |
T4453 |
22910-22912 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4454 |
22912-22920 |
VBN |
denotes |
followed |
T4455 |
22921-22923 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T4456 |
22924-22925 |
CD |
denotes |
1 |
T4457 |
22926-22927 |
NN |
denotes |
m |
T4458 |
22932-22941 |
NN |
denotes |
increment |
T4459 |
22927-22928 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T4460 |
22928-22931 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T4461 |
22942-22951 |
VBZ |
denotes |
increases |
T4462 |
22952-22954 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T4463 |
22955-22957 |
CD |
denotes |
15 |
T4464 |
22958-22961 |
NN |
denotes |
min |
T4465 |
22957-22958 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4466 |
22962-22971 |
NNS |
denotes |
intervals |
T4467 |
22971-22972 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4468 |
22972-23056 |
sentence |
denotes |
Exhaustion was defined when mice were unable to avoid repetitive electrical shocks. |
T4469 |
22973-22983 |
NN |
denotes |
Exhaustion |
T4470 |
22988-22995 |
VBN |
denotes |
defined |
T4471 |
22984-22987 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4472 |
22996-23000 |
WRB |
denotes |
when |
T4474 |
23001-23005 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4475 |
23011-23017 |
JJ |
denotes |
unable |
T4476 |
23018-23020 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T4477 |
23021-23026 |
VB |
denotes |
avoid |
T5378 |
12946-12949 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5379 |
12950-12954 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T5380 |
12955-12963 |
VBN |
denotes |
averaged |
T5381 |
12963-12964 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5382 |
12964-13051 |
sentence |
denotes |
Right panel shows the body weights before (Day 0) and after (Day 97) high-fat feeding. |
T5383 |
12965-12970 |
JJ |
denotes |
Right |
T5345 |
12804-12805 |
SYM |
denotes |
= |
T5346 |
12806-12807 |
CD |
denotes |
5 |
T5347 |
12807-12808 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T5348 |
12810-12813 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5349 |
12814-12818 |
DT |
denotes |
each |
T5350 |
12819-12824 |
NN |
denotes |
group |
T5351 |
12824-12825 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5352 |
12826-12830 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5353 |
12835-12839 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5354 |
12840-12841 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5355 |
12851-12855 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T5356 |
12842-12846 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T5357 |
12847-12850 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5358 |
12846-12847 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5359 |
12856-12859 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5360 |
12860-12862 |
CD |
denotes |
97 |
T5361 |
12863-12864 |
NN |
denotes |
d |
T5362 |
12864-12865 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5363 |
12865-12964 |
sentence |
denotes |
Left panel shows net body weight gain, which was calculated for individual mice and then averaged. |
T5364 |
12866-12870 |
JJ |
denotes |
Left |
T5365 |
12871-12876 |
NN |
denotes |
panel |
T5366 |
12877-12882 |
VBZ |
denotes |
shows |
T5367 |
12883-12886 |
JJ |
denotes |
net |
T5368 |
12899-12903 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T5369 |
12887-12891 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T5370 |
12892-12898 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T5371 |
12903-12905 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T5372 |
12905-12910 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T5373 |
12915-12925 |
VBN |
denotes |
calculated |
T5374 |
12911-12914 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5375 |
12926-12929 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5376 |
12930-12940 |
JJ |
denotes |
individual |
T5377 |
12941-12945 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5493 |
13375-13383 |
VBN |
denotes |
injected |
T5494 |
13384-13388 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5495 |
13389-13396 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T5496 |
13397-13399 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T5470 |
13305-13309 |
NN |
denotes |
test |
T5471 |
13285-13286 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5472 |
13287-13294 |
NN |
denotes |
Glucose |
T5473 |
13295-13304 |
NN |
denotes |
tolerance |
T5474 |
13309-13310 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5475 |
13310-13437 |
sentence |
denotes |
Mice in (A) after high-fat feeding were fasted for 6 h and then injected with glucose at a concentration of 1g/kg body weight. |
T5476 |
13311-13315 |
NNS |
denotes |
Mice |
T5477 |
13351-13357 |
VBN |
denotes |
fasted |
T5478 |
13316-13318 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5479 |
13319-13320 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5480 |
13320-13321 |
NN |
denotes |
A |
T5481 |
13321-13322 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5482 |
13323-13328 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T5483 |
13329-13333 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T5484 |
13334-13337 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5485 |
13333-13334 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5486 |
13338-13345 |
NN |
denotes |
feeding |
T5487 |
13346-13350 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5488 |
13358-13361 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5489 |
13362-13363 |
CD |
denotes |
6 |
T5490 |
13364-13365 |
NN |
denotes |
h |
T5491 |
13366-13369 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5492 |
13370-13374 |
RB |
denotes |
then |
T5596 |
13602-13603 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5597 |
13608-13613 |
NN |
denotes |
C57B6 |
T5598 |
13619-13623 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5599 |
13628-13629 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T5600 |
13639-13643 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T5601 |
13630-13634 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T5602 |
13635-13638 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5603 |
13634-13635 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T5604 |
13644-13646 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5605 |
13647-13658 |
NN |
denotes |
combination |
T5606 |
13659-13663 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5607 |
13664-13671 |
NN |
denotes |
vehicle |
T5608 |
13672-13674 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T5609 |
13675-13683 |
NN |
denotes |
GW501516 |
T5610 |
13684-13687 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5611 |
13688-13690 |
CD |
denotes |
57 |
T5612 |
13691-13692 |
NN |
denotes |
d |
T5613 |
13692-13693 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5614 |
13693-13789 |
sentence |
denotes |
Total RNA (10 μg/lane) prepared from the gastrocnemius muscle was probed with indicated probes. |
T5615 |
13694-13699 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T5616 |
13700-13703 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T5617 |
13760-13766 |
VBN |
denotes |
probed |
T5618 |
13704-13705 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5619 |
13708-13710 |
NNS |
denotes |
μg |
T5620 |
13705-13707 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T5621 |
13710-13711 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T5622 |
13711-13715 |
NN |
denotes |
lane |
T5623 |
13715-13716 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5624 |
13717-13725 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T5625 |
13726-13730 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T5626 |
13731-13734 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T5627 |
13749-13755 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T5628 |
13735-13748 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T5629 |
13756-13759 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5630 |
13767-13771 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T5631 |
13772-13781 |
VBN |
denotes |
indicated |
T5632 |
13782-13788 |
NNS |
denotes |
probes |
T5633 |
13788-13789 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5634 |
13789-13895 |
sentence |
denotes |
(B) Net body weight gain for mice in (A) after treatment was calculated for individual mice and averaged. |
T5635 |
13790-13791 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5636 |
13791-13792 |
LS |
denotes |
B |
T5637 |
13851-13861 |
VBN |
denotes |
calculated |
T5638 |
13792-13793 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5639 |
13794-13797 |
JJ |
denotes |
Net |
T5640 |
13810-13814 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T5641 |
13798-13802 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T5642 |
13803-13809 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T5643 |
13815-13818 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5644 |
13819-13823 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5645 |
13824-13826 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5646 |
13827-13828 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5647 |
13828-13829 |
NN |
denotes |
A |
T5648 |
13829-13830 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5649 |
13831-13836 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T5650 |
13837-13846 |
NN |
denotes |
treatment |
T5651 |
13847-13850 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T5652 |
13862-13865 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5653 |
13866-13876 |
JJ |
denotes |
individual |
T5654 |
13877-13881 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5655 |
13882-13885 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5656 |
13886-13894 |
VBN |
denotes |
averaged |
T5657 |
13894-13895 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5658 |
13895-14009 |
sentence |
denotes |
Initial body weights were 28.54 ± 1.04 g for vehicle group (n = 5) and 28.86 ± 0.80 g for GW501516 group (n = 5). |
T5659 |
13896-13903 |
JJ |
denotes |
Initial |
T5660 |
13909-13916 |
NNS |
denotes |
weights |
T5661 |
13904-13908 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T5662 |
13917-13921 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T5663 |
13922-13927 |
CD |
denotes |
28.54 |
T5664 |
13930-13934 |
CD |
denotes |
1.04 |
T5665 |
13928-13929 |
SYM |
denotes |
± |
T5666 |
13935-13936 |
NNS |
denotes |
g |
T5667 |
13937-13940 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T4273 |
22149-22155 |
NN |
denotes |
ligand |
T4274 |
22156-22167 |
NNS |
denotes |
experiments |
T4275 |
22167-22169 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T5696 |
14037-14040 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5697 |
14041-14045 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T5698 |
14046-14048 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T5699 |
14049-14050 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5700 |
14050-14051 |
NN |
denotes |
A |
T5701 |
14051-14052 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5702 |
14053-14058 |
IN |
denotes |
after |
T5703 |
14059-14068 |
NN |
denotes |
treatment |
T5704 |
14068-14069 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5705 |
14069-14145 |
sentence |
denotes |
ifat, inguinal fat; rdfat, reproductive fat; retrofat, retroperitoneal fat. |
T5706 |
14070-14074 |
NN |
denotes |
ifat |
T5707 |
14074-14076 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T5708 |
14076-14084 |
JJ |
denotes |
inguinal |
T5709 |
14085-14088 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5710 |
14088-14089 |
, |
denotes |
; |
T5711 |
14090-14095 |
NN |
denotes |
rdfat |
T5712 |
14095-14097 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T5713 |
14097-14109 |
JJ |
denotes |
reproductive |
T5714 |
14110-14113 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T5715 |
14113-14114 |
, |
denotes |
; |
T5716 |
14115-14123 |
NN |
denotes |
retrofat |
T5717 |
14123-14125 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4276 |
22169-22171 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T4277 |
22184-22187 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4278 |
22197-22205 |
NN |
denotes |
compound |
T4279 |
22188-22196 |
NN |
denotes |
GW501516 |
T4280 |
22206-22209 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4281 |
22210-22214 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T4282 |
22227-22234 |
VBN |
denotes |
gavaged |
T4283 |
22215-22219 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T4284 |
22220-22226 |
RB |
denotes |
orally |
T4285 |
22235-22240 |
RB |
denotes |
daily |
T4286 |
22241-22242 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T61 |
0-10 |
NN |
denotes |
Regulation |
T62 |
0-62 |
sentence |
denotes |
Regulation of Muscle Fiber Type and Running Endurance by PPARδ |
T63 |
11-13 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T64 |
14-20 |
NN |
denotes |
Muscle |
T65 |
21-26 |
NN |
denotes |
Fiber |
T66 |
27-31 |
NN |
denotes |
Type |
T67 |
32-35 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T68 |
36-43 |
NN |
denotes |
Running |
T69 |
44-53 |
NN |
denotes |
Endurance |
T70 |
54-56 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T71 |
57-62 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T72 |
62-63 |
sentence |
denotes |
|
T73 |
116-290 |
sentence |
denotes |
Endurance exercise training can promote an adaptive muscle fiber transformation and an increase of mitochondrial biogenesis by triggering scripted changes in gene expression. |
T74 |
116-125 |
NN |
denotes |
Endurance |
T75 |
135-143 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T76 |
126-134 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T77 |
148-155 |
VB |
denotes |
promote |
T78 |
144-147 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T79 |
156-158 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T80 |
181-195 |
NN |
denotes |
transformation |
T81 |
159-167 |
JJ |
denotes |
adaptive |
T82 |
168-174 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T83 |
175-180 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T84 |
196-199 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4821 |
5497-5504 |
JJ |
denotes |
Nuclear |
T4822 |
5505-5513 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T4823 |
5514-5515 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4824 |
5518-5520 |
NNS |
denotes |
μg |
T4825 |
5515-5517 |
CD |
denotes |
15 |
T85 |
200-202 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T86 |
203-211 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T87 |
212-214 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T88 |
215-228 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T89 |
229-239 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T90 |
240-242 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T91 |
243-253 |
VBG |
denotes |
triggering |
T92 |
254-262 |
VBN |
denotes |
scripted |
T93 |
263-270 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T94 |
271-273 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T95 |
274-278 |
NN |
denotes |
gene |
T96 |
279-289 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T97 |
289-290 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T98 |
290-377 |
sentence |
denotes |
However, no transcription factor has yet been identified that can direct this process. |
T99 |
291-298 |
RB |
denotes |
However |
T100 |
337-347 |
VBN |
denotes |
identified |
T101 |
298-300 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T102 |
300-302 |
DT |
denotes |
no |
T103 |
317-323 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
T104 |
303-316 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T105 |
324-327 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T106 |
328-331 |
RB |
denotes |
yet |
T107 |
332-336 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T108 |
348-352 |
WDT |
denotes |
that |
T109 |
357-363 |
VB |
denotes |
direct |
T110 |
353-356 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T111 |
364-368 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T165 |
646-653 |
VBZ |
denotes |
induces |
T166 |
654-655 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T167 |
656-662 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T168 |
663-665 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T169 |
666-670 |
VB |
denotes |
form |
T170 |
671-680 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T171 |
681-688 |
NNS |
denotes |
numbers |
T172 |
689-691 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T173 |
692-696 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T174 |
706-712 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T175 |
697-698 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T176 |
699-705 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T177 |
712-713 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T178 |
713-826 |
sentence |
denotes |
Treatment of wild-type mice with PPARδ agonist elicits a similar type I fiber gene expression profile in muscle. |
T179 |
714-723 |
NN |
denotes |
Treatment |
T180 |
761-768 |
VBZ |
denotes |
elicits |
T181 |
724-726 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T182 |
727-731 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T183 |
732-736 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T184 |
731-732 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T185 |
737-741 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T186 |
742-746 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T187 |
747-752 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T188 |
753-760 |
NN |
denotes |
agonist |
T189 |
769-770 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T190 |
808-815 |
NN |
denotes |
profile |
T191 |
771-778 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T239 |
1062-1069 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T240 |
1070-1078 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T241 |
1079-1082 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T242 |
1083-1085 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T243 |
1086-1097 |
RB |
denotes |
molecularly |
T244 |
1107-1110 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T245 |
1111-1122 |
VBN |
denotes |
manipulated |
T246 |
1122-1123 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4058 |
21194-21201 |
NNS |
denotes |
Animals |
T4059 |
21201-21202 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4060 |
21202-21352 |
sentence |
denotes |
The transactivation domain (78 amino acid residues, corresponding to residues 413–490) of VP16 was fused in frame with the N-terminus of mouse PPARδ. |
T4061 |
21203-21206 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4062 |
21223-21229 |
NN |
denotes |
domain |
T4063 |
21207-21222 |
NN |
denotes |
transactivation |
T4064 |
21302-21307 |
VBN |
denotes |
fused |
T4065 |
21230-21231 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4066 |
21245-21253 |
NNS |
denotes |
residues |
T4067 |
21231-21233 |
CD |
denotes |
78 |
T4068 |
21234-21239 |
NN |
denotes |
amino |
T4069 |
21240-21244 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T4070 |
21253-21255 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4071 |
21255-21268 |
VBG |
denotes |
corresponding |
T4072 |
21269-21271 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T4073 |
21272-21280 |
NNS |
denotes |
residues |
T4074 |
21281-21284 |
CD |
denotes |
413 |
T4075 |
21284-21285 |
SYM |
denotes |
– |
T4076 |
21285-21288 |
CD |
denotes |
490 |
T4077 |
21288-21289 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4078 |
21290-21292 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4079 |
21293-21297 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T4080 |
21298-21301 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4081 |
21308-21310 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T4082 |
21311-21316 |
NN |
denotes |
frame |
T4083 |
21317-21321 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T4084 |
21322-21325 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4085 |
21328-21336 |
NN |
denotes |
terminus |
T4086 |
21326-21327 |
NN |
denotes |
N |
T4087 |
21327-21328 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4088 |
21337-21339 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4089 |
21340-21345 |
NN |
denotes |
mouse |
T4090 |
21346-21351 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T4091 |
21351-21352 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T4092 |
21352-21519 |
sentence |
denotes |
The VP16-PPARδ fusion cDNA was placed downstream of the human α-skeletal actin promoter (Brennan and Hardeman 1993), and upstream of the SV40 intron/poly(A) sequence. |
T4093 |
21353-21356 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T4094 |
21375-21379 |
NN |
denotes |
cDNA |
T4095 |
21357-21361 |
NN |
denotes |
VP16 |
T4096 |
21362-21367 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T4097 |
21361-21362 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4098 |
21368-21374 |
NN |
denotes |
fusion |
T4099 |
21384-21390 |
VBN |
denotes |
placed |
T4100 |
21380-21383 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T4101 |
21391-21401 |
RB |
denotes |
downstream |
T4102 |
21402-21404 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4103 |
21405-21408 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4104 |
21432-21440 |
NN |
denotes |
promoter |
T4105 |
21409-21414 |
JJ |
denotes |
human |
T4106 |
21415-21416 |
NN |
denotes |
α |
T4107 |
21417-21425 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T4108 |
21416-21417 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T4109 |
21426-21431 |
NN |
denotes |
actin |
T4110 |
21441-21442 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4111 |
21442-21449 |
NNP |
denotes |
Brennan |
T4112 |
21450-21453 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4113 |
21454-21462 |
NNP |
denotes |
Hardeman |
T4114 |
21463-21467 |
CD |
denotes |
1993 |
T4115 |
21467-21468 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4116 |
21468-21470 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4117 |
21470-21473 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T4118 |
21474-21482 |
RB |
denotes |
upstream |
T4119 |
21483-21485 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T4120 |
21486-21489 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T4121 |
21510-21518 |
NN |
denotes |
sequence |
T4122 |
21490-21494 |
NN |
denotes |
SV40 |
T4123 |
21495-21501 |
NN |
denotes |
intron |
T4124 |
21501-21502 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T4125 |
21502-21506 |
NN |
denotes |
poly |
T4219 |
21936-21937 |
NN |
denotes |
w |
T4220 |
21937-21938 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T4221 |
21938-21939 |
NN |
denotes |
w |
T4222 |
21939-21940 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4223 |
21941-21944 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T4224 |
21953-21954 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T4225 |
21961-21967 |
NNP |
denotes |
Teklad |
T4226 |
21954-21960 |
NNP |
denotes |
Harlan |
T4227 |
21967-21969 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4228 |
21969-21975 |
NNP |
denotes |
Harlan |
T4229 |
21975-21977 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4230 |
21977-21989 |
NNP |
denotes |
Indianapolis |
T4231 |
21989-21991 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4232 |
21991-21998 |
NNP |
denotes |
Indiana |
T4233 |
21998-22000 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T4234 |
22000-22006 |
NNP |
denotes |
United |
T4235 |
22007-22013 |
NNP |
denotes |
States |
T4236 |
22013-22014 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4237 |
22015-22017 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T4238 |
22018-22019 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T4239 |
22029-22033 |
NN |
denotes |
diet |
T4240 |
22020-22024 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T4241 |
22025-22028 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T4271 |
22145-22148 |
IN |
denotes |
For |
T4272 |
22172-22183 |
VBD |
denotes |
synthesized |
T4287 |
22245-22247 |
NNS |
denotes |
mg |
T4288 |
22242-22244 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T4289 |
22247-22248 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T4290 |
22248-22250 |
NN |
denotes |
kg |
T4291 |
22251-22253 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T4292 |
22254-22261 |
NN |
denotes |
vehicle |
T4293 |
22262-22267 |
RB |
denotes |
alone |
T4294 |
22267-22268 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T4295 |
22268-22269 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T5034 |
9734-9744 |
NN |
denotes |
Activation |
T5035 |
9754-9761 |
VBZ |
denotes |
Induces |
T5036 |
9745-9747 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5037 |
9748-9753 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T5038 |
9762-9767 |
NNS |
denotes |
Genes |
T5039 |
9768-9775 |
JJ |
denotes |
Typical |
T5040 |
9776-9779 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T5041 |
9780-9784 |
NN |
denotes |
Type |
T5042 |
9787-9793 |
NNS |
denotes |
Fibers |
T5043 |
9785-9786 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T5044 |
9794-9797 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5045 |
9798-9806 |
VBZ |
denotes |
Promotes |
T5046 |
9807-9820 |
JJ |
denotes |
Mitochondrial |
T5047 |
9821-9831 |
NN |
denotes |
Biogenesis |
T5048 |
9831-9977 |
sentence |
denotes |
(A) Total RNA (10 μg/lane) prepared from gastrocnemius muscle of transgenic (TG) and wild-type (WT) littermates was probed with indicated probes. |
T5049 |
9832-9833 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5050 |
9833-9834 |
LS |
denotes |
A |
T5051 |
9948-9954 |
VBN |
denotes |
probed |
T5052 |
9834-9835 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5053 |
9836-9841 |
JJ |
denotes |
Total |
T5054 |
9842-9845 |
NN |
denotes |
RNA |
T5055 |
9846-9847 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5056 |
9850-9852 |
NNS |
denotes |
μg |
T5057 |
9847-9849 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T5058 |
9852-9853 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T5059 |
9853-9857 |
NN |
denotes |
lane |
T5060 |
9857-9858 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5061 |
9859-9867 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T5062 |
9868-9872 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T5063 |
9873-9886 |
NN |
denotes |
gastrocnemius |
T5064 |
9887-9893 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T5065 |
9894-9896 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T5066 |
9897-9907 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T5067 |
9932-9943 |
NNS |
denotes |
littermates |
T5068 |
9908-9909 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T5069 |
9909-9911 |
JJ |
denotes |
TG |
T5070 |
9911-9912 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5071 |
9913-9916 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T5104 |
10058-10060 |
NNS |
denotes |
μg |
T5105 |
10055-10057 |
CD |
denotes |
10 |
T5106 |
10060-10061 |
SYM |
denotes |
/ |
T5107 |
10061-10065 |
NN |
denotes |
lane |
T5108 |
10065-10066 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T5109 |
10067-10075 |
VBN |
denotes |
prepared |
T5110 |
10076-10080 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T2304 |
11322-11323 |
NN |
denotes |
% |
T2305 |
11324-11326 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T2306 |
11327-11330 |
NN |
denotes |
day |
T2307 |
11331-11333 |
CD |
denotes |
47 |
T2308 |
11333-11335 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2309 |
11335-11338 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T2310 |
11339-11343 |
RB |
denotes |
only |
T2311 |
11348-11353 |
RB |
denotes |
third |
T2312 |
11344-11347 |
RB |
denotes |
one |
T2313 |
11347-11348 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2314 |
11354-11356 |
IN |
denotes |
at |
T2315 |
11357-11360 |
NN |
denotes |
day |
T2316 |
11361-11363 |
CD |
denotes |
97 |
T2317 |
11363-11365 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T2318 |
11365-11367 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T2319 |
11368-11371 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2320 |
11372-11378 |
NN |
denotes |
weight |
T2321 |
11379-11385 |
VBN |
denotes |
gained |
T2322 |
11386-11388 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T2323 |
11389-11392 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T2324 |
11403-11410 |
NNS |
denotes |
animals |
T2325 |
11393-11397 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T2326 |
11398-11402 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T2327 |
11397-11398 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T2328 |
11411-11412 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
R70 |
T214 |
T213 |
amod |
metabolic,profiles |
R69 |
T213 |
T211 |
pobj |
profiles,with |
R1 |
T112 |
T109 |
dobj |
process,direct |
R2 |
T113 |
T100 |
punct |
.,identified |
R3 |
T115 |
T116 |
nsubj |
We,describe |
R4 |
T117 |
T118 |
det |
the,engineering |
R5 |
T118 |
T116 |
dobj |
engineering,describe |
R6 |
T119 |
T118 |
prep |
of,engineering |
R7 |
T120 |
T121 |
det |
a,mouse |
R8 |
T121 |
T119 |
pobj |
mouse,of |
R9 |
T122 |
T121 |
amod |
capable,mouse |
R10 |
T123 |
T122 |
prep |
of,capable |
R11 |
T124 |
T125 |
amod |
continuous,running |
R12 |
T125 |
T123 |
pobj |
running,of |
R13 |
T126 |
T125 |
prep |
of,running |
R14 |
T127 |
T128 |
advmod |
up,twice |
R15 |
T128 |
T130 |
nummod |
twice,distance |
R16 |
T129 |
T128 |
quantmod |
to,twice |
R17 |
T130 |
T126 |
pobj |
distance,of |
R18 |
T131 |
T130 |
det |
the,distance |
R19 |
T132 |
T130 |
prep |
of,distance |
R20 |
T133 |
T134 |
det |
a,littermate |
R21 |
T134 |
T132 |
pobj |
littermate,of |
R22 |
T135 |
T136 |
amod |
wild,type |
R23 |
T136 |
T134 |
compound |
type,littermate |
R24 |
T137 |
T136 |
punct |
-,type |
R25 |
T138 |
T116 |
punct |
.,describe |
R26 |
T140 |
T141 |
nsubjpass |
This,achieved |
R27 |
T142 |
T141 |
auxpass |
was,achieved |
R28 |
T143 |
T141 |
agent |
by,achieved |
R29 |
T144 |
T145 |
amod |
targeted,expression |
R30 |
T145 |
T143 |
pobj |
expression,by |
R31 |
T146 |
T145 |
prep |
of,expression |
R32 |
T147 |
T148 |
det |
an,form |
R33 |
T148 |
T146 |
pobj |
form,of |
R34 |
T149 |
T148 |
amod |
activated,form |
R35 |
T150 |
T148 |
prep |
of,form |
R36 |
T151 |
T152 |
compound |
peroxisome,proliferator |
R37 |
T152 |
T153 |
npadvmod |
proliferator,activated |
R38 |
T153 |
T155 |
amod |
activated,receptor |
R39 |
T154 |
T153 |
punct |
-,activated |
R40 |
T155 |
T150 |
pobj |
receptor,of |
R41 |
T156 |
T155 |
punct |
δ,receptor |
R42 |
T157 |
T155 |
punct |
(,receptor |
R43 |
T158 |
T155 |
appos |
PPARδ,receptor |
R44 |
T159 |
T155 |
punct |
),receptor |
R45 |
T160 |
T148 |
prep |
in,form |
R46 |
T161 |
T162 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R47 |
T162 |
T160 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R48 |
T163 |
T148 |
punct |
", ",form |
R49 |
T164 |
T165 |
dep |
which,induces |
R50 |
T192 |
T193 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R51 |
T193 |
T190 |
compound |
fiber,profile |
R52 |
T194 |
T192 |
nummod |
I,type |
R53 |
T195 |
T196 |
compound |
gene,expression |
R54 |
T196 |
T190 |
compound |
expression,profile |
R55 |
T197 |
T180 |
prep |
in,elicits |
R56 |
T198 |
T197 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R57 |
T199 |
T180 |
punct |
.,elicits |
R58 |
T201 |
T202 |
advmod |
Moreover,confer |
R59 |
T203 |
T202 |
punct |
", ",confer |
R60 |
T204 |
T205 |
det |
these,fibers |
R61 |
T205 |
T202 |
nsubj |
fibers,confer |
R62 |
T206 |
T207 |
advmod |
genetically,generated |
R63 |
T207 |
T205 |
amod |
generated,fibers |
R64 |
T208 |
T202 |
dobj |
resistance,confer |
R65 |
T209 |
T208 |
prep |
to,resistance |
R66 |
T210 |
T209 |
pobj |
obesity,to |
R67 |
T211 |
T202 |
prep |
with,confer |
R68 |
T212 |
T213 |
amod |
improved,profiles |
R71 |
T215 |
T202 |
punct |
", ",confer |
R72 |
T216 |
T217 |
advmod |
even,in |
R73 |
T217 |
T202 |
prep |
in,confer |
R74 |
T218 |
T219 |
det |
the,absence |
R75 |
T219 |
T217 |
pobj |
absence,in |
R76 |
T220 |
T219 |
prep |
of,absence |
R77 |
T221 |
T220 |
pobj |
exercise,of |
R78 |
T222 |
T202 |
punct |
.,confer |
R79 |
T224 |
T225 |
det |
These,results |
R80 |
T225 |
T226 |
nsubj |
results,demonstrate |
R81 |
T227 |
T228 |
mark |
that,analyzed |
R82 |
T228 |
T226 |
ccomp |
analyzed,demonstrate |
R83 |
T229 |
T230 |
amod |
complex,properties |
R84 |
T230 |
T228 |
nsubjpass |
properties,analyzed |
R85 |
T231 |
T230 |
amod |
physiologic,properties |
R86 |
T232 |
T233 |
amod |
such,as |
R87 |
T233 |
T230 |
prep |
as,properties |
R88 |
T234 |
T233 |
pobj |
fatigue,as |
R89 |
T235 |
T234 |
punct |
", ",fatigue |
R90 |
T236 |
T234 |
conj |
endurance,fatigue |
R91 |
T237 |
T236 |
punct |
", ",endurance |
R92 |
T238 |
T236 |
cc |
and,endurance |
R93 |
T63 |
T61 |
prep |
of,Regulation |
R94 |
T64 |
T65 |
compound |
Muscle,Fiber |
R95 |
T65 |
T66 |
compound |
Fiber,Type |
R96 |
T66 |
T63 |
pobj |
Type,of |
R97 |
T67 |
T66 |
cc |
and,Type |
R98 |
T68 |
T69 |
compound |
Running,Endurance |
R99 |
T69 |
T66 |
conj |
Endurance,Type |
R100 |
T70 |
T61 |
prep |
by,Regulation |
R101 |
T71 |
T70 |
pobj |
PPARδ,by |
R102 |
T74 |
T75 |
compound |
Endurance,training |
R103 |
T75 |
T77 |
nsubj |
training,promote |
R104 |
T76 |
T75 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R105 |
T78 |
T77 |
aux |
can,promote |
R106 |
T79 |
T80 |
det |
an,transformation |
R107 |
T80 |
T77 |
dobj |
transformation,promote |
R108 |
T81 |
T80 |
amod |
adaptive,transformation |
R109 |
T82 |
T83 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R110 |
T83 |
T80 |
compound |
fiber,transformation |
R111 |
T84 |
T80 |
cc |
and,transformation |
R112 |
T85 |
T86 |
det |
an,increase |
R113 |
T86 |
T80 |
conj |
increase,transformation |
R114 |
T87 |
T86 |
prep |
of,increase |
R115 |
T88 |
T89 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R116 |
T89 |
T87 |
pobj |
biogenesis,of |
R117 |
T90 |
T77 |
prep |
by,promote |
R118 |
T91 |
T90 |
pcomp |
triggering,by |
R119 |
T92 |
T93 |
amod |
scripted,changes |
R120 |
T93 |
T91 |
dobj |
changes,triggering |
R121 |
T94 |
T91 |
prep |
in,triggering |
R122 |
T95 |
T96 |
compound |
gene,expression |
R123 |
T96 |
T94 |
pobj |
expression,in |
R124 |
T97 |
T77 |
punct |
.,promote |
R125 |
T99 |
T100 |
advmod |
However,identified |
R126 |
T101 |
T100 |
punct |
", ",identified |
R127 |
T102 |
T103 |
det |
no,factor |
R128 |
T103 |
T100 |
nsubjpass |
factor,identified |
R129 |
T104 |
T103 |
compound |
transcription,factor |
R130 |
T105 |
T100 |
aux |
has,identified |
R131 |
T106 |
T100 |
advmod |
yet,identified |
R132 |
T107 |
T100 |
auxpass |
been,identified |
R133 |
T108 |
T109 |
dep |
that,direct |
R134 |
T109 |
T100 |
ccomp |
direct,identified |
R135 |
T110 |
T109 |
aux |
can,direct |
R136 |
T111 |
T112 |
det |
this,process |
R137 |
T165 |
T148 |
relcl |
induces,form |
R138 |
T166 |
T167 |
det |
a,switch |
R139 |
T167 |
T165 |
dobj |
switch,induces |
R140 |
T168 |
T169 |
aux |
to,form |
R141 |
T169 |
T167 |
advcl |
form,switch |
R142 |
T170 |
T171 |
amod |
increased,numbers |
R143 |
T171 |
T169 |
dobj |
numbers,form |
R144 |
T172 |
T171 |
prep |
of,numbers |
R145 |
T173 |
T174 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R146 |
T174 |
T172 |
pobj |
fibers,of |
R147 |
T175 |
T173 |
nummod |
I,type |
R148 |
T176 |
T174 |
compound |
muscle,fibers |
R149 |
T177 |
T141 |
punct |
.,achieved |
R150 |
T179 |
T180 |
nsubj |
Treatment,elicits |
R151 |
T181 |
T179 |
prep |
of,Treatment |
R152 |
T182 |
T183 |
amod |
wild,type |
R153 |
T183 |
T185 |
compound |
type,mice |
R154 |
T184 |
T183 |
punct |
-,type |
R155 |
T185 |
T181 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R156 |
T186 |
T179 |
prep |
with,Treatment |
R157 |
T187 |
T188 |
compound |
PPARδ,agonist |
R158 |
T188 |
T186 |
pobj |
agonist,with |
R159 |
T189 |
T190 |
det |
a,profile |
R160 |
T190 |
T180 |
dobj |
profile,elicits |
R161 |
T191 |
T190 |
amod |
similar,profile |
R162 |
T239 |
T240 |
compound |
running,capacity |
R163 |
T240 |
T236 |
conj |
capacity,endurance |
R164 |
T241 |
T228 |
aux |
can,analyzed |
R165 |
T242 |
T228 |
auxpass |
be,analyzed |
R166 |
T243 |
T228 |
advmod |
molecularly,analyzed |
R190 |
T425 |
T426 |
amod |
Skeletal,fibers |
R191 |
T426 |
T428 |
nsubjpass |
fibers,classified |
R192 |
T427 |
T426 |
compound |
muscle,fibers |
R193 |
T429 |
T428 |
auxpass |
are,classified |
R194 |
T430 |
T428 |
advmod |
generally,classified |
R195 |
T431 |
T428 |
prep |
as,classified |
R196 |
T432 |
T433 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R197 |
T433 |
T431 |
pobj |
fibers,as |
R198 |
T434 |
T432 |
nummod |
I,type |
R199 |
T435 |
T436 |
punct |
(,slow |
R200 |
T436 |
T432 |
parataxis |
slow,type |
R201 |
T437 |
T436 |
amod |
oxidative,slow |
R202 |
T438 |
T436 |
punct |
/,slow |
R203 |
T439 |
T436 |
punct |
),slow |
R204 |
T440 |
T432 |
cc |
or,type |
R205 |
T441 |
T432 |
conj |
type,type |
R206 |
T442 |
T441 |
nummod |
II,type |
R207 |
T443 |
T444 |
punct |
(,fast |
R208 |
T444 |
T441 |
parataxis |
fast,type |
R209 |
T445 |
T444 |
amod |
glycolytic,fast |
R210 |
T446 |
T444 |
punct |
/,fast |
R211 |
T447 |
T444 |
punct |
),fast |
R212 |
T448 |
T428 |
punct |
.,classified |
R213 |
T450 |
T451 |
nsubj |
They,display |
R214 |
T452 |
T453 |
amod |
marked,differences |
R215 |
T453 |
T451 |
dobj |
differences,display |
R216 |
T454 |
T451 |
prep |
in,display |
R217 |
T455 |
T454 |
pobj |
respect,in |
R218 |
T456 |
T455 |
prep |
to,respect |
R219 |
T457 |
T456 |
pobj |
contraction,to |
R220 |
T458 |
T457 |
punct |
", ",contraction |
R221 |
T459 |
T457 |
conj |
metabolism,contraction |
R222 |
T460 |
T459 |
punct |
", ",metabolism |
R223 |
T461 |
T459 |
cc |
and,metabolism |
R224 |
T462 |
T459 |
conj |
susceptibility,metabolism |
R225 |
T463 |
T462 |
prep |
to,susceptibility |
R226 |
T464 |
T463 |
pobj |
fatigue,to |
R227 |
T465 |
T451 |
punct |
.,display |
R228 |
T467 |
T468 |
nmod |
Type,fibers |
R229 |
T468 |
T470 |
nsubj |
fibers,are |
R230 |
T469 |
T467 |
nummod |
I,Type |
R231 |
T471 |
T472 |
npadvmod |
mitochondria,rich |
R232 |
T472 |
T470 |
acomp |
rich,are |
R233 |
T473 |
T472 |
punct |
-,rich |
R234 |
T474 |
T470 |
cc |
and,are |
R235 |
T475 |
T476 |
advmod |
mainly,use |
R236 |
T476 |
T470 |
conj |
use,are |
R237 |
T477 |
T478 |
amod |
oxidative,metabolism |
R238 |
T478 |
T476 |
dobj |
metabolism,use |
R239 |
T479 |
T476 |
prep |
for,use |
R240 |
T480 |
T481 |
compound |
energy,production |
R241 |
T481 |
T479 |
pobj |
production,for |
R242 |
T482 |
T476 |
punct |
", ",use |
R243 |
T483 |
T484 |
dep |
which,provides |
R244 |
T484 |
T476 |
ccomp |
provides,use |
R245 |
T485 |
T486 |
det |
a,supply |
R246 |
T486 |
T484 |
dobj |
supply,provides |
R247 |
T487 |
T486 |
amod |
stable,supply |
R248 |
T488 |
T487 |
cc |
and,stable |
R249 |
T489 |
T490 |
amod |
long,lasting |
R250 |
T490 |
T487 |
conj |
lasting,stable |
R251 |
T491 |
T490 |
punct |
-,lasting |
R252 |
T492 |
T486 |
prep |
of,supply |
R253 |
T493 |
T492 |
pobj |
ATP,of |
R254 |
T494 |
T476 |
punct |
", ",use |
R255 |
T495 |
T476 |
cc |
and,use |
R256 |
T496 |
T497 |
advmod |
thus,are |
R257 |
T497 |
T476 |
conj |
are,use |
R258 |
T498 |
T499 |
npadvmod |
fatigue,resistant |
R259 |
T499 |
T497 |
acomp |
resistant,are |
R260 |
T500 |
T499 |
punct |
-,resistant |
R261 |
T501 |
T470 |
punct |
.,are |
R262 |
T503 |
T504 |
nmod |
Type,fibers |
R263 |
T504 |
T506 |
nsubj |
fibers,comprise |
R264 |
T505 |
T503 |
nummod |
II,Type |
R265 |
T507 |
T508 |
nummod |
three,subtypes |
R266 |
T508 |
T506 |
dobj |
subtypes,comprise |
R267 |
T509 |
T508 |
punct |
", ",subtypes |
R268 |
T510 |
T508 |
appos |
IIa,subtypes |
R269 |
T511 |
T510 |
punct |
", ",IIa |
R270 |
T512 |
T510 |
conj |
IIx,IIa |
R271 |
T513 |
T512 |
punct |
", ",IIx |
R272 |
T514 |
T512 |
cc |
and,IIx |
R273 |
T515 |
T512 |
conj |
IIb,IIx |
R274 |
T516 |
T506 |
punct |
.,comprise |
R275 |
T518 |
T519 |
compound |
Type,IIb |
R276 |
T519 |
T520 |
compound |
IIb,fibers |
R277 |
T520 |
T521 |
nsubj |
fibers,have |
R278 |
T522 |
T523 |
det |
the,levels |
R279 |
T523 |
T521 |
dobj |
levels,have |
R280 |
T524 |
T523 |
amod |
lowest,levels |
R281 |
T525 |
T523 |
prep |
of,levels |
R282 |
T526 |
T527 |
amod |
mitochondrial,content |
R283 |
T527 |
T525 |
pobj |
content,of |
R284 |
T528 |
T527 |
cc |
and,content |
R285 |
T529 |
T530 |
amod |
oxidative,enzymes |
R286 |
T530 |
T527 |
conj |
enzymes,content |
R287 |
T531 |
T521 |
punct |
", ",have |
R288 |
T532 |
T521 |
conj |
rely,have |
R289 |
T533 |
T532 |
prep |
on,rely |
R290 |
T534 |
T535 |
amod |
glycolytic,metabolism |
R291 |
T535 |
T533 |
pobj |
metabolism,on |
R292 |
T536 |
T532 |
prep |
as,rely |
R293 |
T537 |
T538 |
det |
a,source |
R294 |
T538 |
T536 |
pobj |
source,as |
R295 |
T539 |
T538 |
amod |
major,source |
R296 |
T540 |
T538 |
compound |
energy,source |
R297 |
T541 |
T532 |
punct |
", ",rely |
R298 |
T542 |
T532 |
cc |
and,rely |
R299 |
T543 |
T532 |
conj |
are,rely |
R300 |
T544 |
T543 |
acomp |
susceptible,are |
R301 |
T545 |
T544 |
prep |
to,susceptible |
R302 |
T546 |
T545 |
pobj |
fatigue,to |
R303 |
T547 |
T521 |
punct |
", ",have |
R304 |
T548 |
T549 |
mark |
while,lie |
R305 |
T549 |
T521 |
advcl |
lie,have |
R306 |
T550 |
T551 |
det |
the,functions |
R307 |
T551 |
T549 |
nsubj |
functions,lie |
R308 |
T552 |
T551 |
amod |
oxidative,functions |
R309 |
T553 |
T552 |
cc |
and,oxidative |
R310 |
T554 |
T552 |
conj |
contraction,oxidative |
R311 |
T555 |
T551 |
prep |
of,functions |
R312 |
T556 |
T557 |
compound |
type,IIa |
R313 |
T557 |
T555 |
pobj |
IIa,of |
R314 |
T558 |
T557 |
cc |
and,IIa |
R315 |
T559 |
T557 |
conj |
IIx,IIa |
R316 |
T560 |
T549 |
prep |
between,lie |
R317 |
T561 |
T562 |
nmod |
type,IIb |
R318 |
T562 |
T560 |
pobj |
IIb,between |
R319 |
T563 |
T562 |
nummod |
I,IIb |
R320 |
T564 |
T562 |
cc |
and,IIb |
R321 |
T565 |
T566 |
punct |
(,Booth |
R322 |
T566 |
T549 |
meta |
Booth,lie |
R323 |
T567 |
T566 |
cc |
and,Booth |
R324 |
T568 |
T566 |
conj |
Thomason,Booth |
R325 |
T569 |
T568 |
nummod |
1991,Thomason |
R326 |
T570 |
T568 |
punct |
;,Thomason |
R327 |
T571 |
T568 |
conj |
Berchtold,Thomason |
R328 |
T572 |
T571 |
nmod |
et,Berchtold |
R329 |
T573 |
T571 |
nmod |
al.,Berchtold |
R330 |
T574 |
T571 |
nummod |
2000,Berchtold |
R331 |
T575 |
T571 |
punct |
;,Berchtold |
R332 |
T576 |
T571 |
conj |
Olson,Berchtold |
R333 |
T577 |
T576 |
cc |
and,Olson |
R334 |
T578 |
T576 |
conj |
Williams,Olson |
R335 |
T579 |
T578 |
nummod |
2000,Williams |
R336 |
T580 |
T578 |
punct |
),Williams |
R337 |
T581 |
T521 |
punct |
.,have |
R338 |
T583 |
T584 |
amod |
Adult,muscle |
R339 |
T584 |
T586 |
nsubj |
muscle,shows |
R340 |
T585 |
T584 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R341 |
T587 |
T586 |
dobj |
plasticity,shows |
R342 |
T588 |
T586 |
cc |
and,shows |
R343 |
T589 |
T590 |
aux |
can,undergo |
R344 |
T590 |
T586 |
conj |
undergo,shows |
R345 |
T591 |
T590 |
dobj |
conversion,undergo |
R346 |
T592 |
T591 |
prep |
between,conversion |
R347 |
T593 |
T594 |
amod |
different,types |
R348 |
T594 |
T592 |
pobj |
types,between |
R349 |
T595 |
T594 |
compound |
fiber,types |
R350 |
T596 |
T590 |
prep |
in,undergo |
R351 |
T597 |
T596 |
pobj |
response,in |
R352 |
T598 |
T597 |
prep |
to,response |
R353 |
T599 |
T600 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R354 |
T600 |
T598 |
pobj |
training,to |
R355 |
T601 |
T600 |
cc |
or,training |
R356 |
T602 |
T600 |
conj |
modulation,training |
R357 |
T603 |
T602 |
prep |
of,modulation |
R358 |
T604 |
T605 |
compound |
motoneuron,activity |
R359 |
T605 |
T603 |
pobj |
activity,of |
R360 |
T606 |
T607 |
punct |
(,Booth |
R361 |
T607 |
T590 |
meta |
Booth,undergo |
R362 |
T608 |
T607 |
cc |
and,Booth |
R363 |
T609 |
T607 |
conj |
Thomason,Booth |
R364 |
T610 |
T609 |
nummod |
1991,Thomason |
R365 |
T611 |
T609 |
punct |
", ",Thomason |
R366 |
T612 |
T609 |
conj |
Jarvis,Thomason |
R367 |
T613 |
T612 |
nmod |
et,Jarvis |
R368 |
T614 |
T612 |
nmod |
al.,Jarvis |
R369 |
T615 |
T612 |
nummod |
1996,Jarvis |
R370 |
T616 |
T612 |
punct |
;,Jarvis |
R371 |
T617 |
T612 |
conj |
Pette,Jarvis |
R372 |
T618 |
T617 |
nummod |
1998,Pette |
R373 |
T619 |
T617 |
punct |
;,Pette |
R374 |
T620 |
T617 |
conj |
Olson,Pette |
R375 |
T621 |
T620 |
cc |
and,Olson |
R376 |
T622 |
T620 |
conj |
Williams,Olson |
R377 |
T623 |
T622 |
nummod |
2000,Williams |
R378 |
T624 |
T622 |
punct |
;,Williams |
R379 |
T625 |
T622 |
conj |
Hood,Williams |
R380 |
T626 |
T625 |
nummod |
2001,Hood |
R381 |
T627 |
T625 |
punct |
),Hood |
R382 |
T628 |
T586 |
punct |
.,shows |
R383 |
T630 |
T631 |
det |
This,conversion |
R384 |
T631 |
T632 |
nsubj |
conversion,is |
R385 |
T633 |
T631 |
prep |
of,conversion |
R386 |
T634 |
T635 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R387 |
T635 |
T633 |
pobj |
fiber,of |
R388 |
T636 |
T631 |
prep |
from,conversion |
R389 |
T637 |
T638 |
compound |
type,IIb |
R390 |
T638 |
T636 |
pobj |
IIb,from |
R391 |
T639 |
T631 |
prep |
to,conversion |
R392 |
T640 |
T641 |
compound |
type,IIa |
R393 |
T641 |
T639 |
pobj |
IIa,to |
R394 |
T642 |
T641 |
cc |
and,IIa |
R395 |
T643 |
T641 |
conj |
type,IIa |
R396 |
T644 |
T643 |
nummod |
I,type |
R397 |
T645 |
T632 |
acomp |
likely,is |
R398 |
T646 |
T647 |
aux |
to,mediated |
R399 |
T647 |
T645 |
xcomp |
mediated,likely |
R400 |
T648 |
T647 |
auxpass |
be,mediated |
R401 |
T649 |
T647 |
agent |
by,mediated |
R402 |
T650 |
T651 |
det |
a,pathway |
R403 |
T651 |
T649 |
pobj |
pathway,by |
R404 |
T652 |
T651 |
compound |
calcium,pathway |
R405 |
T653 |
T651 |
compound |
signaling,pathway |
R406 |
T654 |
T655 |
dep |
that,involves |
R407 |
T655 |
T651 |
relcl |
involves,pathway |
R408 |
T656 |
T655 |
dobj |
calcineurin,involves |
R409 |
T657 |
T656 |
punct |
", ",calcineurin |
R410 |
T658 |
T659 |
npadvmod |
calmodulin,dependent |
R411 |
T659 |
T661 |
amod |
dependent,kinase |
R412 |
T660 |
T659 |
punct |
-,dependent |
R413 |
T661 |
T656 |
conj |
kinase,calcineurin |
R414 |
T662 |
T661 |
punct |
", ",kinase |
R415 |
T663 |
T661 |
cc |
and,kinase |
R416 |
T664 |
T665 |
det |
the,cofactor |
R417 |
T665 |
T661 |
conj |
cofactor,kinase |
R418 |
T666 |
T665 |
amod |
transcriptional,cofactor |
R419 |
T667 |
T668 |
compound |
Peroxisome,proliferator |
R420 |
T668 |
T669 |
npadvmod |
proliferator,activated |
R421 |
T669 |
T671 |
amod |
activated,receptor |
R422 |
T670 |
T669 |
punct |
-,activated |
R423 |
T671 |
T672 |
compound |
receptor,coactivator |
R424 |
T672 |
T665 |
appos |
coactivator,cofactor |
R425 |
T673 |
T672 |
punct |
-,coactivator |
R426 |
T674 |
T672 |
compound |
gamma,coactivator |
R427 |
T675 |
T672 |
nummod |
1α,coactivator |
R428 |
T676 |
T672 |
punct |
(,coactivator |
R429 |
T677 |
T678 |
compound |
PGC,1α |
R430 |
T678 |
T672 |
appos |
1α,coactivator |
R431 |
T679 |
T678 |
punct |
-,1α |
R432 |
T680 |
T672 |
punct |
),coactivator |
R433 |
T681 |
T682 |
punct |
(,Naya |
R434 |
T682 |
T655 |
meta |
Naya,involves |
R435 |
T683 |
T682 |
nmod |
et,Naya |
R436 |
T684 |
T682 |
nmod |
al.,Naya |
R437 |
T685 |
T682 |
nummod |
2000,Naya |
R438 |
T686 |
T682 |
punct |
;,Naya |
R439 |
T687 |
T682 |
conj |
Olson,Naya |
R440 |
T688 |
T687 |
cc |
and,Olson |
R441 |
T689 |
T687 |
conj |
Williams,Olson |
R442 |
T690 |
T689 |
nummod |
2000,Williams |
R443 |
T691 |
T689 |
punct |
;,Williams |
R444 |
T692 |
T689 |
conj |
Lin,Williams |
R445 |
T693 |
T692 |
nmod |
et,Lin |
R446 |
T694 |
T692 |
nmod |
al.,Lin |
R447 |
T695 |
T692 |
nummod |
2002,Lin |
R448 |
T696 |
T692 |
punct |
;,Lin |
R449 |
T697 |
T692 |
conj |
Wu,Lin |
R450 |
T698 |
T697 |
nmod |
et,Wu |
R451 |
T699 |
T697 |
nmod |
al.,Wu |
R452 |
T700 |
T697 |
nummod |
2002,Wu |
R453 |
T701 |
T697 |
punct |
),Wu |
R454 |
T702 |
T632 |
punct |
.,is |
R455 |
T704 |
T705 |
advmod |
However,remain |
R456 |
T706 |
T705 |
punct |
", ",remain |
R457 |
T707 |
T708 |
det |
the,factors |
R458 |
T708 |
T705 |
nsubj |
factors,remain |
R459 |
T709 |
T708 |
amod |
targeted,factors |
R460 |
T710 |
T708 |
amod |
transcriptional,factors |
R461 |
T711 |
T712 |
advmod |
directly,responsible |
R462 |
T712 |
T708 |
amod |
responsible,factors |
R463 |
T713 |
T712 |
prep |
for,responsible |
R464 |
T714 |
T713 |
pcomp |
reprogramming,for |
R465 |
T715 |
T716 |
det |
the,genes |
R466 |
T716 |
T714 |
dobj |
genes,reprogramming |
R467 |
T717 |
T718 |
npadvmod |
fiber,specific |
R468 |
T718 |
T716 |
amod |
specific,genes |
R469 |
T719 |
T718 |
punct |
-,specific |
R470 |
T720 |
T716 |
amod |
contractile,genes |
R471 |
T721 |
T720 |
cc |
and,contractile |
R472 |
T722 |
T720 |
conj |
metabolic,contractile |
R473 |
T723 |
T724 |
aux |
to,identified |
R474 |
T724 |
T705 |
xcomp |
identified,remain |
R475 |
T725 |
T724 |
auxpass |
be,identified |
R476 |
T726 |
T705 |
punct |
.,remain |
R477 |
T728 |
T729 |
compound |
Muscle,specification |
R478 |
T729 |
T731 |
nsubj |
specification,appears |
R479 |
T730 |
T729 |
compound |
fiber,specification |
R480 |
T732 |
T733 |
aux |
to,associated |
R481 |
T733 |
T731 |
xcomp |
associated,appears |
R482 |
T734 |
T733 |
auxpass |
be,associated |
R483 |
T735 |
T733 |
prep |
with,associated |
R484 |
T736 |
T735 |
pobj |
obesity,with |
R485 |
T737 |
T736 |
cc |
and,obesity |
R486 |
T738 |
T736 |
conj |
diabetes,obesity |
R487 |
T739 |
T731 |
punct |
.,appears |
R488 |
T741 |
T742 |
prep |
For,possess |
R489 |
T743 |
T741 |
pobj |
instance,For |
R490 |
T744 |
T742 |
punct |
", ",possess |
R491 |
T745 |
T742 |
nsubj |
rodents,possess |
R492 |
T746 |
T747 |
dep |
that,gain |
R493 |
T747 |
T745 |
relcl |
gain,rodents |
R494 |
T748 |
T749 |
det |
the,weight |
R495 |
T749 |
T747 |
dobj |
weight,gain |
R496 |
T750 |
T749 |
amod |
most,weight |
R497 |
T751 |
T747 |
prep |
on,gain |
R498 |
T752 |
T753 |
amod |
high,fat |
R499 |
T753 |
T755 |
compound |
fat,diets |
R500 |
T754 |
T753 |
punct |
-,fat |
R501 |
T755 |
T751 |
pobj |
diets,on |
R502 |
T756 |
T757 |
amod |
fewer,fibers |
R503 |
T757 |
T742 |
dobj |
fibers,possess |
R504 |
T758 |
T757 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R505 |
T759 |
T758 |
nummod |
I,type |
R506 |
T760 |
T761 |
punct |
(,Abou |
R507 |
T761 |
T742 |
meta |
Abou,possess |
R508 |
T762 |
T761 |
nmod |
et,Abou |
R509 |
T763 |
T761 |
nmod |
al.,Abou |
R510 |
T764 |
T761 |
nummod |
1992,Abou |
R511 |
T765 |
T761 |
punct |
),Abou |
R512 |
T766 |
T742 |
punct |
.,possess |
R513 |
T768 |
T769 |
prep |
In,observed |
R514 |
T770 |
T771 |
amod |
obese,patients |
R515 |
T771 |
T768 |
pobj |
patients,In |
R516 |
T772 |
T769 |
punct |
", ",observed |
R517 |
T773 |
T774 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R518 |
T774 |
T769 |
nsubjpass |
muscle,observed |
R519 |
T775 |
T769 |
aux |
has,observed |
R520 |
T776 |
T769 |
auxpass |
been,observed |
R521 |
T777 |
T778 |
aux |
to,have |
R522 |
T778 |
T769 |
xcomp |
have,observed |
R523 |
T779 |
T780 |
amod |
reduced,capacity |
R524 |
T780 |
T778 |
dobj |
capacity,have |
R525 |
T781 |
T780 |
amod |
oxidative,capacity |
R526 |
T782 |
T780 |
punct |
", ",capacity |
R527 |
T783 |
T784 |
amod |
increased,capacity |
R528 |
T784 |
T780 |
conj |
capacity,capacity |
R529 |
T785 |
T784 |
amod |
glycolytic,capacity |
R530 |
T786 |
T784 |
punct |
", ",capacity |
R531 |
T787 |
T784 |
cc |
and,capacity |
R532 |
T788 |
T789 |
det |
a,percentage |
R533 |
T789 |
T784 |
conj |
percentage,capacity |
R534 |
T790 |
T789 |
amod |
decreased,percentage |
R535 |
T791 |
T789 |
prep |
of,percentage |
R536 |
T792 |
T793 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R537 |
T793 |
T791 |
pobj |
fibers,of |
R538 |
T794 |
T792 |
nummod |
I,type |
R539 |
T795 |
T796 |
punct |
(,Hickey |
R540 |
T796 |
T769 |
meta |
Hickey,observed |
R541 |
T797 |
T796 |
nmod |
et,Hickey |
R542 |
T798 |
T796 |
nmod |
al.,Hickey |
R543 |
T799 |
T796 |
nummod |
1995,Hickey |
R544 |
T800 |
T796 |
punct |
;,Hickey |
R545 |
T801 |
T796 |
nmod |
Tanner,Hickey |
R546 |
T802 |
T796 |
nmod |
et,Hickey |
R547 |
T803 |
T796 |
nmod |
al.,Hickey |
R548 |
T804 |
T796 |
nummod |
2002,Hickey |
R549 |
T805 |
T796 |
punct |
),Hickey |
R550 |
T806 |
T769 |
punct |
.,observed |
R551 |
T808 |
T809 |
amod |
Similar,observations |
R552 |
T809 |
T810 |
nsubjpass |
observations,made |
R553 |
T811 |
T810 |
aux |
have,made |
R554 |
T812 |
T810 |
auxpass |
been,made |
R555 |
T813 |
T810 |
prep |
in,made |
R556 |
T814 |
T815 |
npadvmod |
type,diabetic |
R557 |
T815 |
T817 |
amod |
diabetic,patients |
R558 |
T816 |
T814 |
nummod |
2,type |
R559 |
T817 |
T813 |
pobj |
patients,in |
R560 |
T818 |
T819 |
punct |
(,Lillioja |
R561 |
T819 |
T810 |
meta |
Lillioja,made |
R562 |
T820 |
T819 |
nmod |
et,Lillioja |
R563 |
T821 |
T819 |
nmod |
al.,Lillioja |
R564 |
T822 |
T819 |
nummod |
1987,Lillioja |
R565 |
T823 |
T819 |
punct |
;,Lillioja |
R566 |
T824 |
T819 |
nmod |
Hickey,Lillioja |
R567 |
T825 |
T819 |
nmod |
et,Lillioja |
R568 |
T826 |
T819 |
nmod |
al.,Lillioja |
R569 |
T827 |
T819 |
nummod |
1995,Lillioja |
R570 |
T828 |
T819 |
punct |
),Lillioja |
R571 |
T829 |
T810 |
punct |
.,made |
R572 |
T831 |
T832 |
advmod |
Recently,shown |
R573 |
T833 |
T832 |
punct |
", ",shown |
R574 |
T834 |
T832 |
nsubjpass |
it,shown |
R575 |
T835 |
T832 |
aux |
has,shown |
R576 |
T836 |
T832 |
auxpass |
been,shown |
R577 |
T837 |
T838 |
mark |
that,lead |
R578 |
T838 |
T832 |
ccomp |
lead,shown |
R579 |
T839 |
T840 |
amod |
increasing,fibers |
R580 |
T840 |
T838 |
nsubj |
fibers,lead |
R581 |
T841 |
T840 |
amod |
oxidative,fibers |
R582 |
T842 |
T838 |
aux |
can,lead |
R583 |
T843 |
T838 |
prep |
to,lead |
R584 |
T844 |
T845 |
amod |
improved,action |
R585 |
T845 |
T843 |
pobj |
action,to |
R586 |
T846 |
T845 |
compound |
insulin,action |
R587 |
T847 |
T845 |
cc |
and,action |
R588 |
T848 |
T849 |
amod |
reduced,size |
R589 |
T849 |
T845 |
conj |
size,action |
R590 |
T850 |
T849 |
compound |
adipocyte,size |
R591 |
T851 |
T852 |
punct |
(,Luquet |
R592 |
T852 |
T832 |
meta |
Luquet,shown |
R593 |
T853 |
T852 |
nmod |
et,Luquet |
R594 |
T854 |
T852 |
nmod |
al.,Luquet |
R595 |
T855 |
T852 |
nummod |
2003,Luquet |
R596 |
T856 |
T852 |
punct |
;,Luquet |
R597 |
T857 |
T852 |
nmod |
Ryder,Luquet |
R598 |
T858 |
T852 |
nmod |
et,Luquet |
R599 |
T859 |
T852 |
nmod |
al.,Luquet |
R600 |
T860 |
T852 |
nummod |
2003,Luquet |
R601 |
T861 |
T852 |
punct |
),Luquet |
R602 |
T862 |
T832 |
punct |
.,shown |
R603 |
T864 |
T865 |
nsubj |
We,established |
R604 |
T866 |
T865 |
aux |
have,established |
R605 |
T867 |
T865 |
advmod |
previously,established |
R606 |
T868 |
T869 |
mark |
that,is |
R607 |
T869 |
T865 |
ccomp |
is,established |
R608 |
T870 |
T871 |
compound |
peroxisome,proliferator |
R609 |
T871 |
T872 |
npadvmod |
proliferator,activated |
R610 |
T872 |
T874 |
amod |
activated,receptor |
R611 |
T873 |
T872 |
punct |
-,activated |
R612 |
T874 |
T869 |
nsubj |
receptor,is |
R613 |
T875 |
T874 |
punct |
(,receptor |
R614 |
T876 |
T874 |
appos |
PPAR,receptor |
R615 |
T877 |
T874 |
punct |
),receptor |
R616 |
T878 |
T874 |
punct |
δ,receptor |
R617 |
T879 |
T880 |
det |
a,regulator |
R618 |
T880 |
T869 |
attr |
regulator,is |
R619 |
T881 |
T880 |
amod |
major,regulator |
R620 |
T882 |
T880 |
amod |
transcriptional,regulator |
R621 |
T883 |
T880 |
prep |
of,regulator |
R622 |
T884 |
T885 |
compound |
fat,burning |
R623 |
T885 |
T883 |
pobj |
burning,of |
R624 |
T886 |
T869 |
prep |
in,is |
R625 |
T887 |
T888 |
compound |
adipose,tissue |
R626 |
T888 |
T886 |
pobj |
tissue,in |
R627 |
T889 |
T869 |
prep |
through,is |
R628 |
T890 |
T889 |
pobj |
activation,through |
R629 |
T891 |
T890 |
prep |
of,activation |
R630 |
T892 |
T891 |
pobj |
enzymes,of |
R631 |
T893 |
T892 |
acl |
associated,enzymes |
R632 |
T894 |
T893 |
prep |
with,associated |
R633 |
T895 |
T896 |
amod |
long,chain |
R634 |
T896 |
T898 |
nmod |
chain,oxidation |
R635 |
T897 |
T896 |
punct |
-,chain |
R636 |
T898 |
T894 |
pobj |
oxidation,with |
R637 |
T899 |
T900 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R638 |
T900 |
T898 |
compound |
acid,oxidation |
R639 |
T901 |
T900 |
punct |
-,acid |
R640 |
T902 |
T898 |
compound |
β,oxidation |
R641 |
T903 |
T898 |
punct |
-,oxidation |
R642 |
T904 |
T905 |
punct |
(,Wang |
R643 |
T905 |
T865 |
meta |
Wang,established |
R644 |
T906 |
T905 |
nmod |
et,Wang |
R645 |
T907 |
T905 |
nmod |
al.,Wang |
R646 |
T908 |
T905 |
nummod |
2003,Wang |
R647 |
T909 |
T905 |
punct |
),Wang |
R648 |
T910 |
T865 |
punct |
.,established |
R649 |
T912 |
T913 |
mark |
Although,is |
R650 |
T913 |
T915 |
advcl |
is,determined |
R651 |
T914 |
T913 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,is |
R652 |
T916 |
T917 |
det |
the,isoform |
R653 |
T917 |
T913 |
attr |
isoform,is |
R654 |
T918 |
T917 |
amod |
predominant,isoform |
R655 |
T919 |
T917 |
compound |
PPAR,isoform |
R656 |
T920 |
T917 |
amod |
present,isoform |
R657 |
T921 |
T920 |
prep |
in,present |
R658 |
T922 |
T923 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R659 |
T923 |
T921 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R660 |
T924 |
T915 |
punct |
", ",determined |
R661 |
T925 |
T926 |
poss |
its,function |
R662 |
T926 |
T915 |
nsubjpass |
function,determined |
R663 |
T927 |
T928 |
nmod |
in,vivo |
R664 |
T928 |
T926 |
nmod |
vivo,function |
R665 |
T929 |
T915 |
aux |
has,determined |
R666 |
T930 |
T915 |
neg |
not,determined |
R667 |
T931 |
T915 |
auxpass |
been,determined |
R668 |
T932 |
T915 |
punct |
.,determined |
R669 |
T934 |
T935 |
poss |
Our,study |
R670 |
T935 |
T937 |
nsubj |
study,uncovers |
R671 |
T936 |
T935 |
amod |
current,study |
R672 |
T938 |
T937 |
dobj |
PPARδ,uncovers |
R673 |
T939 |
T937 |
prep |
as,uncovers |
R674 |
T940 |
T941 |
det |
the,factor |
R675 |
T941 |
T939 |
pobj |
factor,as |
R676 |
T942 |
T941 |
amod |
first,factor |
R677 |
T943 |
T941 |
compound |
transcription,factor |
R678 |
T944 |
T941 |
amod |
able,factor |
R679 |
T945 |
T946 |
aux |
to,drive |
R680 |
T946 |
T944 |
xcomp |
drive,able |
R681 |
T947 |
T948 |
det |
the,formation |
R682 |
T948 |
T946 |
dobj |
formation,drive |
R683 |
T949 |
T948 |
prep |
of,formation |
R684 |
T950 |
T951 |
amod |
functional,fibers |
R685 |
T951 |
T949 |
pobj |
fibers,of |
R686 |
T952 |
T951 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R687 |
T953 |
T952 |
nummod |
I,type |
R688 |
T954 |
T951 |
compound |
muscle,fibers |
R689 |
T955 |
T941 |
punct |
", ",factor |
R690 |
T956 |
T957 |
poss |
whose,activation |
R691 |
T957 |
T958 |
dep |
activation,entrains |
R692 |
T958 |
T941 |
relcl |
entrains,factor |
R693 |
T959 |
T960 |
amod |
complex,pathways |
R694 |
T960 |
T958 |
dobj |
pathways,entrains |
R695 |
T961 |
T962 |
preconj |
both,enhancing |
R696 |
T962 |
T960 |
acl |
enhancing,pathways |
R697 |
T963 |
T964 |
amod |
physical,performance |
R698 |
T964 |
T962 |
dobj |
performance,enhancing |
R699 |
T965 |
T962 |
cc |
and,enhancing |
R700 |
T966 |
T962 |
conj |
creating,enhancing |
R701 |
T967 |
T968 |
det |
a,state |
R702 |
T968 |
T966 |
dobj |
state,creating |
R703 |
T969 |
T968 |
prep |
of,state |
R704 |
T970 |
T971 |
compound |
obesity,resistance |
R705 |
T971 |
T969 |
pobj |
resistance,of |
R706 |
T972 |
T937 |
punct |
.,uncovers |
R723 |
T1279 |
T1280 |
nsubj |
Activation,Leads |
R724 |
T1281 |
T1279 |
prep |
of,Activation |
R725 |
T1282 |
T1281 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R726 |
T1283 |
T1280 |
prep |
to,Leads |
R727 |
T1284 |
T1285 |
compound |
Muscle,Fiber |
R728 |
T1285 |
T1286 |
compound |
Fiber,Transformation |
R729 |
T1286 |
T1283 |
pobj |
Transformation,to |
R730 |
T1288 |
T1289 |
det |
A,role |
R731 |
T1289 |
T1290 |
nsubjpass |
role,suggested |
R732 |
T1291 |
T1289 |
prep |
of,role |
R733 |
T1292 |
T1291 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R734 |
T1293 |
T1289 |
prep |
in,role |
R735 |
T1294 |
T1295 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R736 |
T1295 |
T1293 |
pobj |
fiber,in |
R737 |
T1296 |
T1290 |
auxpass |
was,suggested |
R738 |
T1297 |
T1290 |
agent |
by,suggested |
R739 |
T1298 |
T1299 |
poss |
its,expression |
R740 |
T1299 |
T1297 |
pobj |
expression,by |
R741 |
T1300 |
T1299 |
amod |
enhanced,expression |
R742 |
T1301 |
T1299 |
punct |
—,expression |
R743 |
T1302 |
T1299 |
prep |
at,expression |
R744 |
T1303 |
T1302 |
pobj |
levels,at |
R745 |
T1304 |
T1305 |
npadvmod |
10,greater |
R746 |
T1305 |
T1303 |
amod |
greater,levels |
R747 |
T1306 |
T1304 |
punct |
-,10 |
R748 |
T1307 |
T1304 |
advmod |
fold,10 |
R749 |
T1308 |
T1304 |
cc |
and,10 |
R750 |
T1309 |
T1304 |
conj |
50,10 |
R751 |
T1310 |
T1309 |
punct |
-,50 |
R752 |
T1311 |
T1309 |
advmod |
fold,50 |
R753 |
T1312 |
T1305 |
prep |
than,greater |
R754 |
T1313 |
T1314 |
nmod |
PPARα,isoforms |
R755 |
T1314 |
T1312 |
pobj |
isoforms,than |
R756 |
T1315 |
T1313 |
cc |
and,PPARα |
R757 |
T1316 |
T1313 |
punct |
γ,PPARα |
R758 |
T1317 |
T1290 |
punct |
", ",suggested |
R759 |
T1318 |
T1290 |
advmod |
respectively,suggested |
R760 |
T1319 |
T1320 |
punct |
(,data |
R761 |
T1320 |
T1290 |
parataxis |
data,suggested |
R762 |
T1321 |
T1320 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R763 |
T1322 |
T1320 |
punct |
),data |
R764 |
T1323 |
T1290 |
punct |
.,suggested |
R765 |
T1325 |
T1326 |
det |
An,examination |
R766 |
T1326 |
T1327 |
nsubj |
examination,reveals |
R767 |
T1327 |
T1334 |
ccomp |
reveals,resembles |
R768 |
T1328 |
T1326 |
prep |
of,examination |
R769 |
T1329 |
T1328 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R770 |
T1330 |
T1326 |
prep |
in,examination |
R771 |
T1331 |
T1332 |
amod |
different,fibers |
R772 |
T1332 |
T1330 |
pobj |
fibers,in |
R773 |
T1333 |
T1332 |
compound |
muscle,fibers |
R774 |
T1335 |
T1336 |
det |
a,level |
R775 |
T1336 |
T1327 |
dobj |
level,reveals |
R776 |
T1337 |
T1338 |
advmod |
significantly,higher |
R777 |
T1338 |
T1336 |
amod |
higher,level |
R778 |
T1339 |
T1327 |
prep |
in,reveals |
R779 |
T1340 |
T1341 |
nmod |
type,muscle |
R780 |
T1341 |
T1339 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R781 |
T1342 |
T1340 |
nummod |
I,type |
R782 |
T1343 |
T1344 |
punct |
(,soleus |
R783 |
T1344 |
T1341 |
parataxis |
soleus,muscle |
R784 |
T1345 |
T1344 |
punct |
),soleus |
R785 |
T1346 |
T1327 |
advcl |
relative,reveals |
R786 |
T1347 |
T1346 |
prep |
to,relative |
R787 |
T1348 |
T1349 |
npadvmod |
type,rich |
R788 |
T1349 |
T1352 |
amod |
rich,muscle |
R789 |
T1350 |
T1348 |
nummod |
II,type |
R790 |
T1351 |
T1349 |
punct |
–,rich |
R791 |
T1352 |
T1347 |
pobj |
muscle,to |
R792 |
T1353 |
T1354 |
punct |
(,longus |
R793 |
T1354 |
T1352 |
parataxis |
longus,muscle |
R794 |
T1355 |
T1354 |
compound |
extensor,longus |
R795 |
T1356 |
T1354 |
compound |
digitorum,longus |
R796 |
T1357 |
T1354 |
punct |
),longus |
R797 |
T1358 |
T1352 |
cc |
or,muscle |
R798 |
T1359 |
T1360 |
nmod |
type,muscle |
R799 |
T1360 |
T1352 |
conj |
muscle,muscle |
R800 |
T1361 |
T1359 |
nummod |
I,type |
R801 |
T1362 |
T1359 |
cc |
and,type |
R802 |
T1363 |
T1359 |
conj |
type,type |
R803 |
T1364 |
T1363 |
nummod |
II,type |
R804 |
T1365 |
T1360 |
amod |
mixed,muscle |
R805 |
T1366 |
T1367 |
punct |
(,gastrocnemius |
R806 |
T1367 |
T1360 |
parataxis |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R807 |
T1368 |
T1367 |
punct |
),gastrocnemius |
R808 |
T1369 |
T1370 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R809 |
T1370 |
T1327 |
parataxis |
Figure,reveals |
R810 |
T1371 |
T1370 |
nummod |
1A,Figure |
R811 |
T1372 |
T1370 |
punct |
),Figure |
R812 |
T1373 |
T1334 |
punct |
;,resembles |
R813 |
T1374 |
T1375 |
det |
this,pattern |
R814 |
T1375 |
T1334 |
nsubj |
pattern,resembles |
R815 |
T1376 |
T1375 |
compound |
expression,pattern |
R816 |
T1377 |
T1334 |
advmod |
closely,resembles |
R817 |
T1378 |
T1334 |
dobj |
that,resembles |
R818 |
T1379 |
T1378 |
prep |
of,that |
R819 |
T1380 |
T1379 |
pobj |
PGC,of |
R820 |
T1381 |
T1380 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R821 |
T1382 |
T1380 |
nummod |
1α,PGC |
R822 |
T1383 |
T1384 |
punct |
(,Lin |
R823 |
T1384 |
T1334 |
meta |
Lin,resembles |
R824 |
T1385 |
T1384 |
nmod |
et,Lin |
R825 |
T1386 |
T1384 |
nmod |
al.,Lin |
R826 |
T1387 |
T1384 |
nummod |
2002,Lin |
R827 |
T1388 |
T1384 |
punct |
),Lin |
R828 |
T1389 |
T1334 |
punct |
.,resembles |
R829 |
T1391 |
T1392 |
det |
A,pattern |
R830 |
T1392 |
T1394 |
nsubjpass |
pattern,found |
R831 |
T1393 |
T1392 |
amod |
similar,pattern |
R832 |
T1395 |
T1396 |
cc |
but,with |
R833 |
T1396 |
T1392 |
nmod |
with,pattern |
R834 |
T1397 |
T1398 |
advmod |
more,pronounced |
R835 |
T1398 |
T1399 |
amod |
pronounced,differences |
R836 |
T1399 |
T1396 |
pobj |
differences,with |
R837 |
T1400 |
T1394 |
auxpass |
was,found |
R838 |
T1401 |
T1394 |
prep |
at,found |
R839 |
T1402 |
T1403 |
det |
the,level |
R840 |
T1403 |
T1401 |
pobj |
level,at |
R841 |
T1404 |
T1403 |
compound |
protein,level |
R842 |
T1405 |
T1406 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R843 |
T1406 |
T1394 |
parataxis |
Figure,found |
R844 |
T1407 |
T1406 |
nummod |
1B,Figure |
R845 |
T1408 |
T1406 |
punct |
),Figure |
R846 |
T1409 |
T1394 |
punct |
.,found |
R847 |
T1411 |
T1412 |
aux |
To,assess |
R848 |
T1412 |
T1414 |
advcl |
assess,generated |
R849 |
T1413 |
T1412 |
advmod |
directly,assess |
R850 |
T1415 |
T1416 |
det |
the,role |
R851 |
T1416 |
T1412 |
dobj |
role,assess |
R852 |
T1417 |
T1416 |
prep |
of,role |
R853 |
T1418 |
T1417 |
pobj |
activation,of |
R854 |
T1419 |
T1418 |
prep |
of,activation |
R855 |
T1420 |
T1419 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R856 |
T1421 |
T1416 |
prep |
in,role |
R857 |
T1422 |
T1421 |
pobj |
control,in |
R858 |
T1423 |
T1422 |
prep |
of,control |
R859 |
T1424 |
T1425 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R860 |
T1425 |
T1426 |
compound |
fiber,plasticity |
R861 |
T1426 |
T1423 |
pobj |
plasticity,of |
R862 |
T1427 |
T1426 |
cc |
and,plasticity |
R863 |
T1428 |
T1429 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R864 |
T1429 |
T1426 |
conj |
biogenesis,plasticity |
R865 |
T1430 |
T1414 |
punct |
", ",generated |
R866 |
T1431 |
T1414 |
nsubj |
we,generated |
R867 |
T1432 |
T1414 |
dobj |
mice,generated |
R868 |
T1433 |
T1432 |
acl |
expressing,mice |
R869 |
T1434 |
T1435 |
det |
a,transgene |
R870 |
T1435 |
T1433 |
dobj |
transgene,expressing |
R871 |
T1436 |
T1437 |
prep |
in,fused |
R872 |
T1437 |
T1435 |
relcl |
fused,transgene |
R873 |
T1438 |
T1436 |
pobj |
which,in |
R874 |
T1439 |
T1440 |
det |
the,domain |
R875 |
T1440 |
T1437 |
nsubjpass |
domain,fused |
R876 |
T1441 |
T1442 |
nummod |
78,acid |
R877 |
T1442 |
T1440 |
compound |
acid,domain |
R878 |
T1443 |
T1442 |
punct |
-,acid |
R879 |
T1444 |
T1442 |
compound |
amino,acid |
R880 |
T1445 |
T1442 |
punct |
-,acid |
R881 |
T1446 |
T1447 |
compound |
VP16,activation |
R882 |
T1447 |
T1440 |
compound |
activation,domain |
R883 |
T1448 |
T1437 |
auxpass |
was,fused |
R884 |
T1449 |
T1437 |
prep |
to,fused |
R885 |
T1450 |
T1451 |
det |
the,terminus |
R886 |
T1451 |
T1449 |
pobj |
terminus,to |
R887 |
T1452 |
T1451 |
compound |
N,terminus |
R888 |
T1453 |
T1451 |
punct |
-,terminus |
R889 |
T1454 |
T1451 |
prep |
of,terminus |
R890 |
T1455 |
T1456 |
amod |
full,length |
R891 |
T1456 |
T1458 |
compound |
length,PPARδ |
R892 |
T1457 |
T1456 |
punct |
-,length |
R893 |
T1458 |
T1454 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R894 |
T1459 |
T1437 |
punct |
", ",fused |
R895 |
T1460 |
T1437 |
prep |
under,fused |
R896 |
T1461 |
T1460 |
pobj |
control,under |
R897 |
T1462 |
T1461 |
prep |
of,control |
R898 |
T1463 |
T1464 |
det |
the,promoter |
R899 |
T1464 |
T1462 |
pobj |
promoter,of |
R900 |
T1465 |
T1466 |
nummod |
2.2,kb |
R901 |
T1466 |
T1464 |
nmod |
kb,promoter |
R902 |
T1467 |
T1466 |
punct |
-,kb |
R903 |
T1468 |
T1464 |
amod |
human,promoter |
R904 |
T1469 |
T1470 |
npadvmod |
α,skeletal |
R905 |
T1470 |
T1464 |
amod |
skeletal,promoter |
R906 |
T1471 |
T1470 |
punct |
-,skeletal |
R907 |
T1472 |
T1464 |
compound |
actin,promoter |
R908 |
T1473 |
T1414 |
punct |
.,generated |
R909 |
T1475 |
T1476 |
prep |
In,expressed |
R910 |
T1477 |
T1475 |
pobj |
agreement,In |
R911 |
T1478 |
T1477 |
prep |
with,agreement |
R912 |
T1479 |
T1480 |
det |
the,characterization |
R913 |
T1480 |
T1478 |
pobj |
characterization,with |
R914 |
T1481 |
T1480 |
amod |
previous,characterization |
R915 |
T1482 |
T1480 |
prep |
of,characterization |
R916 |
T1483 |
T1484 |
det |
this,promoter |
R917 |
T1484 |
T1482 |
pobj |
promoter,of |
R918 |
T1485 |
T1486 |
punct |
(,Brennan |
R919 |
T1486 |
T1480 |
meta |
Brennan,characterization |
R920 |
T1487 |
T1486 |
cc |
and,Brennan |
R921 |
T1488 |
T1486 |
conj |
Hardeman,Brennan |
R922 |
T1489 |
T1488 |
nummod |
1993,Hardeman |
R923 |
T1490 |
T1488 |
punct |
;,Hardeman |
R924 |
T1491 |
T1488 |
conj |
Clapham,Hardeman |
R925 |
T1492 |
T1491 |
nmod |
et,Clapham |
R926 |
T1493 |
T1491 |
nmod |
al.,Clapham |
R927 |
T1494 |
T1491 |
nummod |
2000,Clapham |
R928 |
T1495 |
T1491 |
punct |
),Clapham |
R929 |
T1496 |
T1476 |
punct |
", ",expressed |
R930 |
T1497 |
T1498 |
det |
the,transgene |
R931 |
T1498 |
T1476 |
nsubjpass |
transgene,expressed |
R932 |
T1499 |
T1500 |
compound |
VP16,PPARδ |
R933 |
T1500 |
T1498 |
compound |
PPARδ,transgene |
R934 |
T1501 |
T1500 |
punct |
-,PPARδ |
R935 |
T1502 |
T1476 |
auxpass |
was,expressed |
R936 |
T1503 |
T1476 |
advmod |
selectively,expressed |
R937 |
T1504 |
T1476 |
prep |
in,expressed |
R938 |
T1505 |
T1506 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R939 |
T1506 |
T1504 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R940 |
T1507 |
T1476 |
punct |
", ",expressed |
R941 |
T1508 |
T1509 |
mark |
with,less |
R942 |
T1509 |
T1476 |
advcl |
less,expressed |
R943 |
T1510 |
T1509 |
nummod |
10,less |
R944 |
T1511 |
T1510 |
punct |
-,10 |
R945 |
T1512 |
T1510 |
advmod |
fold,10 |
R946 |
T1513 |
T1509 |
prep |
in,less |
R947 |
T1514 |
T1515 |
det |
the,heart |
R948 |
T1515 |
T1513 |
pobj |
heart,in |
R949 |
T1516 |
T1517 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R950 |
T1517 |
T1476 |
parataxis |
Figure,expressed |
R951 |
T1518 |
T1517 |
nummod |
1C,Figure |
R952 |
T1519 |
T1517 |
punct |
),Figure |
R953 |
T1520 |
T1476 |
punct |
.,expressed |
R954 |
T1522 |
T1523 |
prep |
Among,appeared |
R955 |
T1524 |
T1525 |
amod |
different,types |
R956 |
T1525 |
T1522 |
pobj |
types,Among |
R957 |
T1526 |
T1525 |
prep |
of,types |
R958 |
T1527 |
T1528 |
compound |
muscle,fibers |
R959 |
T1528 |
T1526 |
pobj |
fibers,of |
R960 |
T1529 |
T1523 |
punct |
", ",appeared |
R961 |
T1530 |
T1531 |
det |
the,levels |
R962 |
T1531 |
T1523 |
nsubj |
levels,appeared |
R963 |
T1532 |
T1531 |
prep |
of,levels |
R964 |
T1533 |
T1534 |
compound |
VP16,PPARδ |
R965 |
T1534 |
T1536 |
compound |
PPARδ,expression |
R966 |
T1535 |
T1534 |
punct |
-,PPARδ |
R967 |
T1536 |
T1532 |
pobj |
expression,of |
R968 |
T1537 |
T1538 |
aux |
to,be |
R969 |
T1538 |
T1523 |
xcomp |
be,appeared |
R970 |
T1539 |
T1538 |
acomp |
similar,be |
R971 |
T1540 |
T1541 |
punct |
(,data |
R972 |
T1541 |
T1538 |
parataxis |
data,be |
R973 |
T1542 |
T1541 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R974 |
T1543 |
T1541 |
punct |
),data |
R975 |
T1544 |
T1523 |
punct |
.,appeared |
R976 |
T1546 |
T1547 |
mark |
As,shown |
R977 |
T1547 |
T1548 |
advcl |
shown,produced |
R978 |
T1549 |
T1547 |
prep |
in,shown |
R979 |
T1550 |
T1549 |
pobj |
Figure,in |
R980 |
T1551 |
T1550 |
nummod |
1D,Figure |
R981 |
T1552 |
T1547 |
prep |
for,shown |
R982 |
T1553 |
T1554 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R983 |
T1554 |
T1552 |
pobj |
muscle,for |
R984 |
T1555 |
T1548 |
punct |
", ",produced |
R985 |
T1556 |
T1557 |
compound |
VP16,PPARδ |
R986 |
T1557 |
T1559 |
compound |
PPARδ,protein |
R987 |
T1558 |
T1557 |
punct |
-,PPARδ |
R988 |
T1559 |
T1548 |
nsubjpass |
protein,produced |
R989 |
T1560 |
T1559 |
compound |
fusion,protein |
R990 |
T1561 |
T1548 |
auxpass |
was,produced |
R991 |
T1562 |
T1548 |
prep |
at,produced |
R992 |
T1563 |
T1564 |
det |
a,level |
R993 |
T1564 |
T1562 |
pobj |
level,at |
R994 |
T1565 |
T1564 |
amod |
similar,level |
R995 |
T1566 |
T1565 |
prep |
to,similar |
R996 |
T1567 |
T1566 |
pobj |
that,to |
R997 |
T1568 |
T1567 |
prep |
of,that |
R998 |
T1569 |
T1570 |
amod |
endogenous,PPARδ |
R999 |
T1570 |
T1568 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R1000 |
T1571 |
T1548 |
prep |
in,produced |
R1001 |
T1572 |
T1573 |
amod |
wild,type |
R1002 |
T1573 |
T1575 |
compound |
type,littermates |
R1003 |
T1574 |
T1573 |
punct |
-,type |
R1004 |
T1575 |
T1571 |
pobj |
littermates,in |
R1005 |
T1576 |
T1548 |
punct |
.,produced |
R1006 |
T1578 |
T1579 |
advmod |
Interestingly,was |
R1007 |
T1580 |
T1579 |
punct |
", ",was |
R1008 |
T1581 |
T1582 |
det |
the,level |
R1009 |
T1582 |
T1579 |
nsubj |
level,was |
R1010 |
T1583 |
T1582 |
prep |
of,level |
R1011 |
T1584 |
T1585 |
amod |
endogenous,protein |
R1012 |
T1585 |
T1583 |
pobj |
protein,of |
R1013 |
T1586 |
T1585 |
compound |
muscle,protein |
R1014 |
T1587 |
T1585 |
compound |
PPARδ,protein |
R1015 |
T1588 |
T1582 |
prep |
in,level |
R1016 |
T1589 |
T1590 |
det |
the,mice |
R1017 |
T1590 |
T1588 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1018 |
T1591 |
T1590 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1019 |
T1592 |
T1593 |
advmod |
much,higher |
R1020 |
T1593 |
T1579 |
acomp |
higher,was |
R1021 |
T1594 |
T1593 |
prep |
than,higher |
R1022 |
T1595 |
T1594 |
prep |
in,than |
R1023 |
T1596 |
T1597 |
det |
the,littermates |
R1024 |
T1597 |
T1595 |
pobj |
littermates,in |
R1025 |
T1598 |
T1597 |
compound |
control,littermates |
R1026 |
T1599 |
T1579 |
punct |
.,was |
R1027 |
T1601 |
T1602 |
det |
The,increase |
R1028 |
T1602 |
T1604 |
nsubjpass |
increase,caused |
R1029 |
T1603 |
T1602 |
amod |
substantial,increase |
R1030 |
T1605 |
T1602 |
prep |
of,increase |
R1031 |
T1606 |
T1607 |
amod |
endogenous,PPARδ |
R1032 |
T1607 |
T1605 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R1033 |
T1608 |
T1604 |
aux |
may,caused |
R1034 |
T1609 |
T1604 |
aux |
have,caused |
R1035 |
T1610 |
T1604 |
auxpass |
been,caused |
R1036 |
T1611 |
T1604 |
agent |
by,caused |
R1037 |
T1612 |
T1613 |
det |
a,switch |
R1038 |
T1613 |
T1611 |
pobj |
switch,by |
R1039 |
T1614 |
T1613 |
prep |
to,switch |
R1040 |
T1615 |
T1616 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R1041 |
T1616 |
T1614 |
pobj |
fiber,to |
R1042 |
T1617 |
T1615 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1043 |
T1618 |
T1619 |
punct |
(,see |
R1044 |
T1619 |
T1616 |
parataxis |
see,fiber |
R1045 |
T1620 |
T1619 |
advmod |
below,see |
R1046 |
T1621 |
T1619 |
punct |
),see |
R1047 |
T1622 |
T1616 |
punct |
", ",fiber |
R1048 |
T1623 |
T1624 |
dep |
which,expresses |
R1049 |
T1624 |
T1616 |
relcl |
expresses,fiber |
R1050 |
T1625 |
T1624 |
advmod |
intrinsically,expresses |
R1051 |
T1626 |
T1627 |
amod |
higher,levels |
R1052 |
T1627 |
T1624 |
dobj |
levels,expresses |
R1053 |
T1628 |
T1627 |
prep |
of,levels |
R1054 |
T1629 |
T1628 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R1055 |
T1630 |
T1631 |
punct |
(,1A |
R1056 |
T1631 |
T1624 |
parataxis |
1A,expresses |
R1057 |
T1632 |
T1631 |
nmod |
Figure,1A |
R1058 |
T1633 |
T1631 |
cc |
and,1A |
R1059 |
T1634 |
T1631 |
conj |
1B,1A |
R1060 |
T1635 |
T1631 |
punct |
),1A |
R1061 |
T1636 |
T1604 |
punct |
.,caused |
R1062 |
T1638 |
T1639 |
nmod |
Type,muscle |
R1063 |
T1639 |
T1641 |
nsubjpass |
muscle,distinguished |
R1064 |
T1640 |
T1638 |
nummod |
I,Type |
R1065 |
T1642 |
T1641 |
aux |
can,distinguished |
R1066 |
T1643 |
T1641 |
auxpass |
be,distinguished |
R1067 |
T1644 |
T1641 |
advmod |
readily,distinguished |
R1068 |
T1645 |
T1641 |
prep |
from,distinguished |
R1069 |
T1646 |
T1647 |
nmod |
type,muscle |
R1070 |
T1647 |
T1645 |
pobj |
muscle,from |
R1071 |
T1648 |
T1646 |
nummod |
II,type |
R1072 |
T1649 |
T1646 |
cc |
or,type |
R1073 |
T1650 |
T1646 |
conj |
mixed,type |
R1074 |
T1651 |
T1641 |
prep |
by,distinguished |
R1075 |
T1652 |
T1653 |
poss |
its,color |
R1076 |
T1653 |
T1651 |
pobj |
color,by |
R1077 |
T1654 |
T1653 |
amod |
red,color |
R1078 |
T1655 |
T1641 |
punct |
", ",distinguished |
R1079 |
T1656 |
T1641 |
prep |
because,distinguished |
R1080 |
T1657 |
T1656 |
prep |
of,because |
R1081 |
T1658 |
T1659 |
poss |
its,concentration |
R1082 |
T1659 |
T1657 |
pobj |
concentration,of |
R1083 |
T1660 |
T1659 |
amod |
high,concentration |
R1084 |
T1661 |
T1659 |
prep |
of,concentration |
R1085 |
T1662 |
T1661 |
pobj |
myoglobin,of |
R1086 |
T1663 |
T1662 |
punct |
", ",myoglobin |
R1087 |
T1664 |
T1665 |
det |
a,protein |
R1088 |
T1665 |
T1662 |
appos |
protein,myoglobin |
R1089 |
T1666 |
T1667 |
advmod |
typically,expressed |
R1090 |
T1667 |
T1665 |
acl |
expressed,protein |
R1091 |
T1668 |
T1667 |
prep |
in,expressed |
R1092 |
T1669 |
T1670 |
amod |
oxidative,fibers |
R1093 |
T1670 |
T1668 |
pobj |
fibers,in |
R1094 |
T1671 |
T1670 |
compound |
muscle,fibers |
R1095 |
T1672 |
T1641 |
punct |
.,distinguished |
R1096 |
T1674 |
T1675 |
nsubj |
We,found |
R1097 |
T1676 |
T1677 |
mark |
that,appeared |
R1098 |
T1677 |
T1675 |
ccomp |
appeared,found |
R1099 |
T1678 |
T1677 |
nsubj |
muscles,appeared |
R1100 |
T1679 |
T1678 |
prep |
in,muscles |
R1101 |
T1680 |
T1681 |
det |
the,mice |
R1102 |
T1681 |
T1679 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1103 |
T1682 |
T1681 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1104 |
T1683 |
T1677 |
oprd |
redder,appeared |
R1105 |
T1684 |
T1685 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1106 |
T1685 |
T1677 |
parataxis |
Figure,appeared |
R1107 |
T1686 |
T1685 |
nummod |
2A,Figure |
R1108 |
T1687 |
T1685 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1109 |
T1688 |
T1677 |
punct |
", ",appeared |
R1110 |
T1689 |
T1690 |
dep |
which,is |
R1111 |
T1690 |
T1677 |
advcl |
is,appeared |
R1112 |
T1691 |
T1692 |
advmod |
particularly,evident |
R1113 |
T1692 |
T1690 |
acomp |
evident,is |
R1114 |
T1693 |
T1690 |
prep |
in,is |
R1115 |
T1694 |
T1695 |
det |
the,fibers |
R1116 |
T1695 |
T1693 |
pobj |
fibers,in |
R1117 |
T1696 |
T1697 |
amod |
mixed,II |
R1118 |
T1697 |
T1695 |
nummod |
II,fibers |
R1119 |
T1698 |
T1697 |
nmod |
type,II |
R1120 |
T1699 |
T1697 |
nummod |
I,II |
R1121 |
T1700 |
T1697 |
punct |
/,II |
R1122 |
T1701 |
T1695 |
prep |
of,fibers |
R1123 |
T1702 |
T1703 |
det |
the,hindlimb |
R1124 |
T1703 |
T1701 |
pobj |
hindlimb,of |
R1125 |
T1704 |
T1705 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1126 |
T1705 |
T1690 |
parataxis |
Figure,is |
R1127 |
T1706 |
T1705 |
nummod |
2B,Figure |
R1128 |
T1707 |
T1705 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1129 |
T1708 |
T1675 |
punct |
.,found |
R1130 |
T1710 |
T1711 |
advmod |
Indeed,revealed |
R1131 |
T1712 |
T1711 |
punct |
", ",revealed |
R1132 |
T1713 |
T1714 |
amod |
metachromatic,staining |
R1133 |
T1714 |
T1711 |
nsubj |
staining,revealed |
R1134 |
T1715 |
T1716 |
det |
a,transformation |
R1135 |
T1716 |
T1711 |
dobj |
transformation,revealed |
R1136 |
T1717 |
T1716 |
amod |
substantial,transformation |
R1137 |
T1718 |
T1719 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R1138 |
T1719 |
T1716 |
compound |
fiber,transformation |
R1139 |
T1720 |
T1721 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1140 |
T1721 |
T1711 |
parataxis |
Figure,revealed |
R1141 |
T1722 |
T1721 |
nummod |
2C,Figure |
R1142 |
T1723 |
T1721 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1143 |
T1724 |
T1711 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R1144 |
T1726 |
T1727 |
prep |
In,estimated |
R1145 |
T1728 |
T1729 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R1146 |
T1729 |
T1726 |
pobj |
muscle,In |
R1147 |
T1730 |
T1727 |
punct |
", ",estimated |
R1148 |
T1731 |
T1727 |
nsubj |
we,estimated |
R1149 |
T1732 |
T1733 |
mark |
that,was |
R1150 |
T1733 |
T1727 |
ccomp |
was,estimated |
R1151 |
T1734 |
T1733 |
expl |
there,was |
R1152 |
T1735 |
T1736 |
det |
a,increase |
R1153 |
T1736 |
T1733 |
attr |
increase,was |
R1154 |
T1737 |
T1736 |
amod |
2-fold,increase |
R1155 |
T1738 |
T1736 |
prep |
of,increase |
R1156 |
T1739 |
T1740 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R1157 |
T1740 |
T1738 |
pobj |
fibers,of |
R1158 |
T1741 |
T1739 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1159 |
T1742 |
T1727 |
punct |
.,estimated |
R1160 |
T1744 |
T1745 |
det |
A,component |
R1161 |
T1745 |
T1747 |
nsubj |
component,is |
R1162 |
T1746 |
T1745 |
amod |
diagnostic,component |
R1163 |
T1748 |
T1745 |
prep |
of,component |
R1164 |
T1749 |
T1750 |
amod |
oxidative,fibers |
R1165 |
T1750 |
T1748 |
pobj |
fibers,of |
R1166 |
T1751 |
T1752 |
poss |
their,content |
R1167 |
T1752 |
T1747 |
attr |
content,is |
R1168 |
T1753 |
T1752 |
amod |
high,content |
R1169 |
T1754 |
T1752 |
nmod |
myoglobin,content |
R1170 |
T1755 |
T1754 |
cc |
and,myoglobin |
R1171 |
T1756 |
T1754 |
conj |
mitochondrial,myoglobin |
R1172 |
T1757 |
T1752 |
punct |
", ",content |
R1173 |
T1758 |
T1759 |
dep |
which,supported |
R1174 |
T1759 |
T1752 |
relcl |
supported,content |
R1175 |
T1760 |
T1759 |
auxpass |
is,supported |
R1176 |
T1761 |
T1759 |
agent |
by,supported |
R1177 |
T1762 |
T1763 |
det |
the,analysis |
R1178 |
T1763 |
T1761 |
pobj |
analysis,by |
R1179 |
T1764 |
T1763 |
compound |
mRNA,analysis |
R1180 |
T1765 |
T1763 |
acl |
shown,analysis |
R1181 |
T1766 |
T1765 |
prep |
in,shown |
R1182 |
T1767 |
T1766 |
pobj |
Figure,in |
R1183 |
T1768 |
T1767 |
nummod |
3A,Figure |
R1184 |
T1769 |
T1747 |
punct |
.,is |
R1185 |
T1771 |
T1772 |
prep |
In,elevated |
R1186 |
T1773 |
T1771 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R1187 |
T1774 |
T1773 |
prep |
to,addition |
R1188 |
T1775 |
T1774 |
pobj |
myoglobin,to |
R1189 |
T1776 |
T1772 |
punct |
", ",elevated |
R1190 |
T1777 |
T1778 |
amod |
mitochondrial,components |
R1191 |
T1778 |
T1772 |
nsubjpass |
components,elevated |
R1192 |
T1779 |
T1778 |
prep |
for,components |
R1193 |
T1780 |
T1781 |
compound |
electron,transfer |
R1194 |
T1781 |
T1779 |
pobj |
transfer,for |
R1195 |
T1782 |
T1783 |
punct |
(,c |
R1196 |
T1783 |
T1778 |
parataxis |
c,components |
R1197 |
T1784 |
T1783 |
compound |
cytochrome,c |
R1198 |
T1785 |
T1783 |
cc |
and,c |
R1199 |
T1786 |
T1787 |
compound |
cytochrome,c |
R1200 |
T1787 |
T1788 |
compound |
c,oxidase |
R1201 |
T1788 |
T1783 |
conj |
oxidase,c |
R1202 |
T1789 |
T1790 |
punct |
[,COX |
R1203 |
T1790 |
T1788 |
parataxis |
COX,oxidase |
R1204 |
T1791 |
T1790 |
punct |
],COX |
R1205 |
T1792 |
T1783 |
appos |
II,c |
R1206 |
T1793 |
T1792 |
cc |
and,II |
R1207 |
T1794 |
T1792 |
conj |
IV,II |
R1208 |
T1795 |
T1783 |
punct |
),c |
R1209 |
T1796 |
T1778 |
cc |
and,components |
R1210 |
T1797 |
T1798 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R1211 |
T1798 |
T1800 |
compound |
acid,enzymes |
R1212 |
T1799 |
T1798 |
punct |
-,acid |
R1213 |
T1800 |
T1778 |
conj |
enzymes,components |
R1214 |
T1801 |
T1802 |
compound |
β,oxidation |
R1215 |
T1802 |
T1800 |
compound |
oxidation,enzymes |
R1216 |
T1803 |
T1802 |
punct |
-,oxidation |
R1217 |
T1804 |
T1772 |
auxpass |
were,elevated |
R1218 |
T1805 |
T1806 |
punct |
(,data |
R1219 |
T1806 |
T1772 |
parataxis |
data,elevated |
R1220 |
T1807 |
T1806 |
dep |
Figure,data |
R1221 |
T1808 |
T1807 |
nummod |
3A,Figure |
R1222 |
T1809 |
T1806 |
punct |
;,data |
R1223 |
T1810 |
T1806 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1224 |
T1811 |
T1806 |
punct |
),data |
R1225 |
T1812 |
T1772 |
punct |
.,elevated |
R1226 |
T1814 |
T1815 |
det |
These,effects |
R1227 |
T1815 |
T1816 |
nsubj |
effects,appear |
R1228 |
T1817 |
T1818 |
aux |
to,be |
R1229 |
T1818 |
T1816 |
xcomp |
be,appear |
R1230 |
T1819 |
T1820 |
amod |
direct,consequences |
R1231 |
T1820 |
T1818 |
attr |
consequences,be |
R1232 |
T1821 |
T1820 |
prep |
of,consequences |
R1233 |
T1822 |
T1823 |
compound |
PPARδ,activation |
R1234 |
T1823 |
T1821 |
pobj |
activation,of |
R1235 |
T1824 |
T1818 |
punct |
", ",be |
R1236 |
T1825 |
T1826 |
mark |
as,remained |
R1237 |
T1826 |
T1818 |
advcl |
remained,be |
R1238 |
T1827 |
T1826 |
nsubj |
levels,remained |
R1239 |
T1828 |
T1827 |
prep |
of,levels |
R1240 |
T1829 |
T1828 |
pobj |
PGC,of |
R1241 |
T1830 |
T1829 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R1242 |
T1831 |
T1829 |
nummod |
1α,PGC |
R1243 |
T1832 |
T1829 |
punct |
", ",PGC |
R1244 |
T1833 |
T1834 |
det |
a,coactivator |
R1245 |
T1834 |
T1829 |
appos |
coactivator,PGC |
R1246 |
T1835 |
T1834 |
acl |
involved,coactivator |
R1247 |
T1836 |
T1835 |
prep |
in,involved |
R1248 |
T1837 |
T1838 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R1249 |
T1838 |
T1839 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R1250 |
T1839 |
T1836 |
pobj |
switch,in |
R1251 |
T1840 |
T1839 |
cc |
and,switch |
R1252 |
T1841 |
T1842 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R1253 |
T1842 |
T1839 |
conj |
biogenesis,switch |
R1254 |
T1843 |
T1844 |
punct |
(,Wu |
R1255 |
T1844 |
T1835 |
meta |
Wu,involved |
R1256 |
T1845 |
T1844 |
nmod |
et,Wu |
R1257 |
T1846 |
T1844 |
nmod |
al.,Wu |
R1258 |
T1847 |
T1844 |
nummod |
1999,Wu |
R1259 |
T1848 |
T1844 |
punct |
;,Wu |
R1260 |
T1849 |
T1844 |
nmod |
Lehman,Wu |
R1261 |
T1850 |
T1844 |
nmod |
et,Wu |
R1262 |
T1851 |
T1844 |
nmod |
al.,Wu |
R1263 |
T1852 |
T1844 |
nummod |
2000,Wu |
R1264 |
T1853 |
T1844 |
punct |
;,Wu |
R1265 |
T1854 |
T1844 |
nmod |
Lin,Wu |
R1266 |
T1855 |
T1844 |
nmod |
et,Wu |
R1267 |
T1856 |
T1844 |
nmod |
al.,Wu |
R1268 |
T1857 |
T1844 |
nummod |
2002,Wu |
R1269 |
T1858 |
T1844 |
punct |
),Wu |
R1270 |
T1859 |
T1826 |
punct |
", ",remained |
R1271 |
T1860 |
T1826 |
oprd |
unchanged,remained |
R1272 |
T1861 |
T1816 |
punct |
.,appear |
R1273 |
T1863 |
T1864 |
compound |
Southern,blot |
R1274 |
T1864 |
T1865 |
compound |
blot,analysis |
R1275 |
T1865 |
T1866 |
nsubj |
analysis,detected |
R1276 |
T1867 |
T1868 |
det |
a,number |
R1277 |
T1868 |
T1866 |
dobj |
number,detected |
R1278 |
T1869 |
T1870 |
advmod |
substantially,higher |
R1279 |
T1870 |
T1868 |
amod |
higher,number |
R1280 |
T1871 |
T1868 |
compound |
copy,number |
R1281 |
T1872 |
T1868 |
prep |
of,number |
R1282 |
T1873 |
T1874 |
det |
the,DNA |
R1283 |
T1874 |
T1872 |
pobj |
DNA,of |
R1284 |
T1875 |
T1874 |
amod |
mitochondrial,DNA |
R1285 |
T1876 |
T1877 |
npadvmod |
genome,encoded |
R1286 |
T1877 |
T1874 |
amod |
encoded,DNA |
R1287 |
T1878 |
T1877 |
punct |
–,encoded |
R1288 |
T1879 |
T1874 |
compound |
COXII,DNA |
R1289 |
T1880 |
T1866 |
prep |
in,detected |
R1290 |
T1881 |
T1882 |
det |
the,mice |
R1291 |
T1882 |
T1880 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1292 |
T1883 |
T1882 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1293 |
T1884 |
T1885 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1294 |
T1885 |
T1866 |
parataxis |
Figure,detected |
R1295 |
T1886 |
T1885 |
nummod |
3B,Figure |
R1296 |
T1887 |
T1885 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1297 |
T1888 |
T1866 |
punct |
.,detected |
R1298 |
T1890 |
T1891 |
amod |
Mitochondrial,DNA |
R1299 |
T1891 |
T1892 |
nsubjpass |
DNA,increased |
R1300 |
T1893 |
T1892 |
auxpass |
was,increased |
R1301 |
T1894 |
T1892 |
advmod |
2.3,increased |
R1302 |
T1895 |
T1894 |
punct |
-,2.3 |
R1303 |
T1896 |
T1894 |
advmod |
fold,2.3 |
R1304 |
T1897 |
T1892 |
prep |
in,increased |
R1305 |
T1898 |
T1899 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R1306 |
T1899 |
T1897 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R1307 |
T1900 |
T1899 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R1308 |
T1901 |
T1902 |
det |
the,mice |
R1309 |
T1902 |
T1900 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R1310 |
T1903 |
T1902 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1311 |
T1904 |
T1905 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1312 |
T1905 |
T1892 |
parataxis |
Figure,increased |
R1313 |
T1906 |
T1905 |
nummod |
3C,Figure |
R1314 |
T1907 |
T1905 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1315 |
T1908 |
T1892 |
punct |
.,increased |
R1316 |
T1910 |
T1911 |
det |
These,results |
R1317 |
T1911 |
T1912 |
nsubj |
results,reveal |
R1318 |
T1913 |
T1914 |
det |
a,stimulation |
R1319 |
T1914 |
T1912 |
dobj |
stimulation,reveal |
R1320 |
T1915 |
T1914 |
amod |
marked,stimulation |
R1321 |
T1916 |
T1914 |
prep |
of,stimulation |
R1322 |
T1917 |
T1918 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R1323 |
T1918 |
T1916 |
pobj |
biogenesis,of |
R1324 |
T1919 |
T1912 |
cc |
and,reveal |
R1325 |
T1920 |
T1921 |
advmod |
further,support |
R1326 |
T1921 |
T1912 |
conj |
support,reveal |
R1327 |
T1922 |
T1923 |
det |
the,idea |
R1328 |
T1923 |
T1921 |
dobj |
idea,support |
R1329 |
T1924 |
T1925 |
mark |
that,is |
R1330 |
T1925 |
T1923 |
acl |
is,idea |
R1331 |
T1926 |
T1925 |
expl |
there,is |
R1332 |
T1927 |
T1928 |
det |
a,switch |
R1333 |
T1928 |
T1925 |
attr |
switch,is |
R1334 |
T1929 |
T1930 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R1335 |
T1930 |
T1928 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R1336 |
T1931 |
T1912 |
punct |
.,reveal |
R1337 |
T1933 |
T1934 |
det |
This,conclusion |
R1338 |
T1934 |
T1935 |
nsubjpass |
conclusion,confirmed |
R1339 |
T1936 |
T1935 |
auxpass |
was,confirmed |
R1340 |
T1937 |
T1935 |
advmod |
also,confirmed |
R1341 |
T1938 |
T1935 |
prep |
by,confirmed |
R1342 |
T1939 |
T1940 |
compound |
Western,blot |
R1343 |
T1940 |
T1941 |
compound |
blot,analysis |
R1344 |
T1941 |
T1938 |
pobj |
analysis,by |
R1345 |
T1942 |
T1935 |
punct |
.,confirmed |
R1346 |
T1944 |
T1945 |
mark |
As,shown |
R1347 |
T1945 |
T1946 |
advcl |
shown,increased |
R1348 |
T1947 |
T1945 |
prep |
in,shown |
R1349 |
T1948 |
T1947 |
pobj |
Figure,in |
R1350 |
T1949 |
T1948 |
nummod |
3D,Figure |
R1351 |
T1950 |
T1946 |
punct |
", ",increased |
R1352 |
T1951 |
T1952 |
det |
the,proteins |
R1353 |
T1952 |
T1946 |
nsubjpass |
proteins,increased |
R1354 |
T1953 |
T1952 |
amod |
characteristic,proteins |
R1355 |
T1954 |
T1955 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R1356 |
T1955 |
T1952 |
compound |
fiber,proteins |
R1357 |
T1956 |
T1954 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1358 |
T1957 |
T1952 |
punct |
", ",proteins |
R1359 |
T1958 |
T1959 |
amod |
such,as |
R1360 |
T1959 |
T1952 |
prep |
as,proteins |
R1361 |
T1960 |
T1959 |
pobj |
myoglobin,as |
R1362 |
T1961 |
T1960 |
cc |
and,myoglobin |
R1363 |
T1962 |
T1963 |
nmod |
cytochrome,b |
R1364 |
T1963 |
T1960 |
conj |
b,myoglobin |
R1365 |
T1964 |
T1963 |
nmod |
c,b |
R1366 |
T1965 |
T1964 |
cc |
and,c |
R1367 |
T1966 |
T1946 |
punct |
", ",increased |
R1368 |
T1967 |
T1946 |
auxpass |
were,increased |
R1369 |
T1968 |
T1946 |
advmod |
significantly,increased |
R1370 |
T1969 |
T1946 |
punct |
.,increased |
R1371 |
T1971 |
T1972 |
advmod |
More,importantly |
R1372 |
T1972 |
T1973 |
advmod |
importantly,induced |
R1373 |
T1973 |
T1990 |
ccomp |
induced,accompanied |
R1374 |
T1974 |
T1973 |
punct |
", ",induced |
R1375 |
T1975 |
T1976 |
det |
the,protein |
R1376 |
T1976 |
T1973 |
nsubjpass |
protein,induced |
R1377 |
T1977 |
T1976 |
amod |
specialized,protein |
R1378 |
T1978 |
T1976 |
compound |
contraction,protein |
R1379 |
T1979 |
T1976 |
appos |
troponin,protein |
R1380 |
T1980 |
T1979 |
nummod |
I,troponin |
R1381 |
T1981 |
T1982 |
punct |
(,slow |
R1382 |
T1982 |
T1976 |
parataxis |
slow,protein |
R1383 |
T1983 |
T1982 |
punct |
),slow |
R1384 |
T1984 |
T1976 |
prep |
of,protein |
R1385 |
T1985 |
T1986 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R1386 |
T1986 |
T1984 |
pobj |
fiber,of |
R1387 |
T1987 |
T1985 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1388 |
T1988 |
T1973 |
auxpass |
was,induced |
R1389 |
T1989 |
T1973 |
advmod |
robustly,induced |
R1390 |
T1991 |
T1990 |
punct |
;,accompanied |
R1391 |
T1992 |
T1990 |
nsubjpass |
this,accompanied |
R1392 |
T1993 |
T1990 |
auxpass |
was,accompanied |
R1393 |
T1994 |
T1990 |
agent |
by,accompanied |
R1394 |
T1995 |
T1996 |
det |
a,reduction |
R1395 |
T1996 |
T1994 |
pobj |
reduction,by |
R1396 |
T1997 |
T1996 |
amod |
marked,reduction |
R1397 |
T1998 |
T1996 |
prep |
of,reduction |
R1398 |
T1999 |
T2000 |
det |
the,protein |
R1399 |
T2000 |
T1998 |
pobj |
protein,of |
R1400 |
T2001 |
T2000 |
amod |
specialized,protein |
R1401 |
T2002 |
T2000 |
compound |
contraction,protein |
R1402 |
T2003 |
T2000 |
appos |
troponin,protein |
R1403 |
T2004 |
T2003 |
nummod |
I,troponin |
R1404 |
T2005 |
T2006 |
punct |
(,fast |
R1405 |
T2006 |
T2003 |
parataxis |
fast,troponin |
R1406 |
T2007 |
T2006 |
punct |
),fast |
R1407 |
T2008 |
T2000 |
prep |
of,protein |
R1408 |
T2009 |
T2010 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R1409 |
T2010 |
T2008 |
pobj |
fiber,of |
R1410 |
T2011 |
T2009 |
nummod |
II,type |
R1411 |
T2012 |
T1990 |
punct |
", ",accompanied |
R1412 |
T2013 |
T1990 |
advcl |
indicating,accompanied |
R1413 |
T2014 |
T2015 |
det |
a,degree |
R1414 |
T2015 |
T2013 |
dobj |
degree,indicating |
R1415 |
T2016 |
T2015 |
amod |
high,degree |
R1416 |
T2017 |
T2015 |
prep |
of,degree |
R1417 |
T2018 |
T2019 |
compound |
fiber,transformation |
R1418 |
T2019 |
T2017 |
pobj |
transformation,of |
R1419 |
T2020 |
T1990 |
punct |
.,accompanied |
R1420 |
T2022 |
T2023 |
nsubj |
We,examined |
R1421 |
T2024 |
T2023 |
advmod |
next,examined |
R1422 |
T2025 |
T2026 |
mark |
whether,induce |
R1423 |
T2026 |
T2023 |
ccomp |
induce,examined |
R1424 |
T2027 |
T2028 |
amod |
acute,activation |
R1425 |
T2028 |
T2026 |
nsubj |
activation,induce |
R1426 |
T2029 |
T2028 |
prep |
of,activation |
R1427 |
T2030 |
T2031 |
amod |
endogenous,PPARδ |
R1428 |
T2031 |
T2029 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R1429 |
T2032 |
T2026 |
aux |
would,induce |
R1430 |
T2033 |
T2034 |
amod |
similar,genes |
R1431 |
T2034 |
T2026 |
dobj |
genes,induce |
R1432 |
T2035 |
T2034 |
compound |
target,genes |
R1433 |
T2036 |
T2023 |
punct |
.,examined |
R1434 |
T2038 |
T2039 |
prep |
In,found |
R1435 |
T2040 |
T2038 |
pobj |
agreement,In |
R1436 |
T2041 |
T2040 |
prep |
with,agreement |
R1437 |
T2042 |
T2043 |
det |
the,effects |
R1438 |
T2043 |
T2041 |
pobj |
effects,with |
R1439 |
T2044 |
T2043 |
amod |
chronic,effects |
R1440 |
T2045 |
T2043 |
prep |
in,effects |
R1441 |
T2046 |
T2047 |
det |
the,mice |
R1442 |
T2047 |
T2045 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1443 |
T2048 |
T2047 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1444 |
T2049 |
T2039 |
punct |
", ",found |
R1445 |
T2050 |
T2039 |
nsubj |
we,found |
R1446 |
T2051 |
T2052 |
mark |
that,upregulated |
R1447 |
T2052 |
T2039 |
ccomp |
upregulated,found |
R1448 |
T2053 |
T2052 |
punct |
", ",upregulated |
R1449 |
T2054 |
T2052 |
prep |
after,upregulated |
R1450 |
T2055 |
T2054 |
pobj |
treatment,after |
R1451 |
T2056 |
T2055 |
prep |
of,treatment |
R1452 |
T2057 |
T2058 |
amod |
wild,type |
R1453 |
T2058 |
T2060 |
compound |
type,mice |
R1454 |
T2059 |
T2058 |
punct |
-,type |
R1455 |
T2060 |
T2056 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R1456 |
T2061 |
T2060 |
compound |
C57B6J,mice |
R1457 |
T2062 |
T2055 |
prep |
with,treatment |
R1458 |
T2063 |
T2064 |
det |
the,GW501516 |
R1459 |
T2064 |
T2062 |
pobj |
GW501516,with |
R1460 |
T2065 |
T2066 |
npadvmod |
PPARδ,specific |
R1461 |
T2066 |
T2064 |
amod |
specific,GW501516 |
R1462 |
T2067 |
T2066 |
punct |
-,specific |
R1463 |
T2068 |
T2064 |
compound |
agonist,GW501516 |
R1464 |
T2069 |
T2055 |
prep |
for,treatment |
R1465 |
T2070 |
T2071 |
advmod |
only,d |
R1466 |
T2071 |
T2069 |
pobj |
d,for |
R1467 |
T2072 |
T2071 |
nummod |
10,d |
R1468 |
T2073 |
T2052 |
punct |
", ",upregulated |
R1469 |
T2074 |
T2052 |
nsubjpass |
genes,upregulated |
R1470 |
T2075 |
T2074 |
prep |
for,genes |
R1471 |
T2076 |
T2077 |
amod |
slow,fiber |
R1472 |
T2077 |
T2078 |
nmod |
fiber,proteins |
R1473 |
T2078 |
T2075 |
pobj |
proteins,for |
R1474 |
T2079 |
T2078 |
amod |
contractile,proteins |
R1475 |
T2080 |
T2078 |
punct |
", ",proteins |
R1476 |
T2081 |
T2082 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R1477 |
T2082 |
T2078 |
conj |
biogenesis,proteins |
R1478 |
T2083 |
T2082 |
punct |
", ",biogenesis |
R1479 |
T2084 |
T2082 |
cc |
and,biogenesis |
R1480 |
T2085 |
T2086 |
compound |
β,oxidation |
R1481 |
T2086 |
T2082 |
conj |
oxidation,biogenesis |
R1482 |
T2087 |
T2086 |
punct |
-,oxidation |
R1483 |
T2088 |
T2052 |
auxpass |
were,upregulated |
R1484 |
T2089 |
T2052 |
advmod |
all,upregulated |
R1485 |
T2090 |
T2091 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1486 |
T2092 |
T2091 |
nummod |
3E,Figure |
R1487 |
T2091 |
T2052 |
parataxis |
Figure,upregulated |
R1488 |
T2093 |
T2091 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1489 |
T2094 |
T2039 |
punct |
.,found |
R1490 |
T2096 |
T2097 |
nsubj |
This,indicates |
R1491 |
T2098 |
T2099 |
mark |
that,achieved |
R1492 |
T2099 |
T2097 |
ccomp |
achieved,indicates |
R1493 |
T2100 |
T2101 |
amod |
rapid,changes |
R1494 |
T2101 |
T2099 |
nsubjpass |
changes,achieved |
R1495 |
T2102 |
T2100 |
punct |
", ",rapid |
R1496 |
T2103 |
T2100 |
conj |
systematic,rapid |
R1497 |
T2104 |
T2103 |
punct |
", ",systematic |
R1498 |
T2105 |
T2103 |
cc |
and,systematic |
R1499 |
T2106 |
T2103 |
conj |
coordinated,systematic |
R1500 |
T2107 |
T2101 |
prep |
of,changes |
R1501 |
T2108 |
T2109 |
compound |
muscle,properties |
R1502 |
T2109 |
T2107 |
pobj |
properties,of |
R1503 |
T2110 |
T2109 |
compound |
fiber,properties |
R1504 |
T2111 |
T2101 |
prep |
toward,changes |
R1505 |
T2112 |
T2111 |
pobj |
type,toward |
R1506 |
T2113 |
T2112 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1507 |
T2114 |
T2099 |
aux |
can,achieved |
R1508 |
T2115 |
T2099 |
auxpass |
be,achieved |
R1509 |
T2116 |
T2099 |
prep |
by,achieved |
R1510 |
T2117 |
T2116 |
pobj |
activation,by |
R1511 |
T2118 |
T2117 |
prep |
of,activation |
R1512 |
T2119 |
T2120 |
det |
the,pathway |
R1513 |
T2120 |
T2118 |
pobj |
pathway,of |
R1514 |
T2121 |
T2120 |
amod |
endogenous,pathway |
R1515 |
T2122 |
T2120 |
compound |
PPARδ,pathway |
R1516 |
T2123 |
T2097 |
punct |
.,indicates |
R1517 |
T2215 |
T2216 |
compound |
Muscle,Fiber |
R1518 |
T2216 |
T2217 |
compound |
Fiber,Switch |
R1519 |
T2217 |
T2218 |
nsubj |
Switch,Protects |
R1520 |
T2219 |
T2217 |
prep |
by,Switch |
R1521 |
T2220 |
T2219 |
pobj |
PPARδ,by |
R1522 |
T2221 |
T2218 |
prep |
Against,Protects |
R1523 |
T2222 |
T2221 |
pobj |
Obesity,Against |
R1524 |
T2224 |
T2225 |
det |
A,number |
R1525 |
T2225 |
T2226 |
nsubj |
number,shown |
R1526 |
T2227 |
T2225 |
prep |
of,number |
R1527 |
T2228 |
T2229 |
amod |
previous,studies |
R1528 |
T2229 |
T2227 |
pobj |
studies,of |
R1529 |
T2230 |
T2226 |
aux |
have,shown |
R1530 |
T2231 |
T2232 |
mark |
that,have |
R1531 |
T2232 |
T2226 |
ccomp |
have,shown |
R1532 |
T2233 |
T2234 |
amod |
obese,individuals |
R1533 |
T2234 |
T2232 |
nsubj |
individuals,have |
R1534 |
T2235 |
T2236 |
amod |
fewer,fibers |
R1535 |
T2236 |
T2232 |
dobj |
fibers,have |
R1536 |
T2237 |
T2236 |
amod |
oxidative,fibers |
R1537 |
T2238 |
T2232 |
punct |
", ",have |
R1538 |
T2239 |
T2232 |
advcl |
implying,have |
R1539 |
T2240 |
T2241 |
mark |
that,play |
R1540 |
T2241 |
T2239 |
ccomp |
play,implying |
R1541 |
T2242 |
T2243 |
det |
the,presence |
R1542 |
T2243 |
T2241 |
nsubj |
presence,play |
R1543 |
T2244 |
T2243 |
prep |
of,presence |
R1544 |
T2245 |
T2246 |
amod |
oxidative,fibers |
R1545 |
T2246 |
T2244 |
pobj |
fibers,of |
R1546 |
T2247 |
T2243 |
advmod |
alone,presence |
R1547 |
T2248 |
T2241 |
aux |
may,play |
R1548 |
T2249 |
T2250 |
det |
a,part |
R1549 |
T2250 |
T2241 |
dobj |
part,play |
R1550 |
T2251 |
T2241 |
prep |
in,play |
R1551 |
T2252 |
T2253 |
compound |
obesity,resistance |
R1552 |
T2253 |
T2251 |
pobj |
resistance,in |
R1553 |
T2254 |
T2226 |
punct |
.,shown |
R1554 |
T2256 |
T2257 |
aux |
To,test |
R1555 |
T2257 |
T2258 |
advcl |
test,fed |
R1556 |
T2259 |
T2260 |
det |
this,possibility |
R1557 |
T2260 |
T2257 |
dobj |
possibility,test |
R1558 |
T2261 |
T2258 |
punct |
", ",fed |
R1559 |
T2262 |
T2258 |
nsubj |
we,fed |
R1560 |
T2263 |
T2264 |
det |
the,mice |
R1561 |
T2264 |
T2258 |
dobj |
mice,fed |
R1562 |
T2265 |
T2264 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1563 |
T2266 |
T2264 |
cc |
and,mice |
R1564 |
T2267 |
T2268 |
poss |
their,littermates |
R1565 |
T2268 |
T2264 |
conj |
littermates,mice |
R1566 |
T2269 |
T2270 |
amod |
wild,type |
R1567 |
T2270 |
T2268 |
compound |
type,littermates |
R1568 |
T2271 |
T2270 |
punct |
-,type |
R1569 |
T2272 |
T2258 |
prep |
with,fed |
R1570 |
T2273 |
T2274 |
det |
a,diet |
R1571 |
T2274 |
T2272 |
pobj |
diet,with |
R1572 |
T2275 |
T2276 |
amod |
high,fat |
R1573 |
T2276 |
T2274 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R1574 |
T2277 |
T2276 |
punct |
-,fat |
R1575 |
T2278 |
T2258 |
prep |
for,fed |
R1576 |
T2279 |
T2280 |
nummod |
97,d |
R1577 |
T2280 |
T2278 |
pobj |
d,for |
R1578 |
T2281 |
T2258 |
punct |
.,fed |
R1579 |
T2283 |
T2284 |
mark |
Although,were |
R1580 |
T2284 |
T2293 |
advcl |
were,gained |
R1581 |
T2285 |
T2286 |
det |
the,weights |
R1582 |
T2286 |
T2284 |
nsubj |
weights,were |
R1583 |
T2287 |
T2286 |
amod |
initial,weights |
R1584 |
T2288 |
T2286 |
compound |
body,weights |
R1585 |
T2289 |
T2286 |
prep |
of,weights |
R1586 |
T2290 |
T2291 |
det |
the,groups |
R1587 |
T2291 |
T2289 |
pobj |
groups,of |
R1588 |
T2292 |
T2291 |
nummod |
two,groups |
R1589 |
T2294 |
T2295 |
advmod |
very,similar |
R1590 |
T2295 |
T2284 |
acomp |
similar,were |
R1591 |
T2296 |
T2293 |
punct |
", ",gained |
R1592 |
T2297 |
T2298 |
det |
the,mice |
R1593 |
T2298 |
T2293 |
nsubj |
mice,gained |
R1594 |
T2299 |
T2298 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1595 |
T2300 |
T2293 |
aux |
had,gained |
R1596 |
T2301 |
T2302 |
amod |
less,50 |
R1597 |
T2302 |
T2304 |
nummod |
50,% |
R1598 |
T2303 |
T2302 |
quantmod |
than,50 |
R1599 |
T2304 |
T2293 |
dobj |
%,gained |
R1600 |
T2305 |
T2293 |
prep |
at,gained |
R1601 |
T2306 |
T2305 |
pobj |
day,at |
R1602 |
T2307 |
T2306 |
nummod |
47,day |
R1603 |
T2308 |
T2293 |
punct |
", ",gained |
R1604 |
T2309 |
T2293 |
cc |
and,gained |
R1605 |
T2310 |
T2311 |
advmod |
only,third |
R1606 |
T2311 |
T2293 |
conj |
third,gained |
R1607 |
T2312 |
T2311 |
advmod |
one,third |
R1608 |
T2313 |
T2311 |
punct |
-,third |
R1609 |
T2314 |
T2311 |
prep |
at,third |
R1610 |
T2315 |
T2314 |
pobj |
day,at |
R1611 |
T2316 |
T2315 |
nummod |
97,day |
R1612 |
T2317 |
T2311 |
punct |
", ",third |
R1613 |
T2318 |
T2311 |
conj |
of,third |
R1614 |
T2319 |
T2320 |
det |
the,weight |
R1615 |
T2320 |
T2318 |
pobj |
weight,of |
R1616 |
T2321 |
T2320 |
acl |
gained,weight |
R1617 |
T2322 |
T2321 |
agent |
by,gained |
R1618 |
T2323 |
T2324 |
det |
the,animals |
R1619 |
T2324 |
T2322 |
pobj |
animals,by |
R1620 |
T2325 |
T2326 |
amod |
wild,type |
R1621 |
T2326 |
T2324 |
compound |
type,animals |
R1622 |
T2327 |
T2326 |
punct |
-,type |
R1623 |
T2328 |
T2329 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1624 |
T2329 |
T2318 |
parataxis |
Figure,of |
R1625 |
T2330 |
T2329 |
nummod |
4A,Figure |
R1626 |
T2331 |
T2329 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1627 |
T2332 |
T2293 |
punct |
.,gained |
R1628 |
T2334 |
T2335 |
det |
The,mice |
R1629 |
T2335 |
T2337 |
nsubj |
mice,displayed |
R1630 |
T2336 |
T2335 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1631 |
T2338 |
T2339 |
advmod |
significantly,higher |
R1632 |
T2339 |
T2340 |
amod |
higher,consumption |
R1633 |
T2340 |
T2337 |
dobj |
consumption,displayed |
R1634 |
T2341 |
T2340 |
compound |
oxygen,consumption |
R1635 |
T2342 |
T2340 |
prep |
on,consumption |
R1636 |
T2343 |
T2344 |
det |
the,diet |
R1637 |
T2344 |
T2342 |
pobj |
diet,on |
R1638 |
T2345 |
T2346 |
amod |
high,fat |
R1639 |
T2346 |
T2344 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R1640 |
T2347 |
T2346 |
punct |
-,fat |
R1641 |
T2348 |
T2340 |
prep |
than,consumption |
R1642 |
T2349 |
T2350 |
det |
the,littermates |
R1643 |
T2350 |
T2348 |
pobj |
littermates,than |
R1644 |
T2351 |
T2350 |
compound |
control,littermates |
R1645 |
T2352 |
T2353 |
punct |
(,data |
R1646 |
T2353 |
T2337 |
parataxis |
data,displayed |
R1647 |
T2354 |
T2353 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R1648 |
T2355 |
T2353 |
punct |
),data |
R1649 |
T2356 |
T2337 |
punct |
.,displayed |
R1650 |
T2358 |
T2359 |
prep |
By,became |
R1651 |
T2360 |
T2361 |
det |
the,end |
R1652 |
T2361 |
T2358 |
pobj |
end,By |
R1653 |
T2362 |
T2361 |
prep |
of,end |
R1654 |
T2363 |
T2364 |
det |
this,experiment |
R1655 |
T2364 |
T2362 |
pobj |
experiment,of |
R1656 |
T2365 |
T2359 |
punct |
", ",became |
R1657 |
T2366 |
T2367 |
det |
the,littermates |
R1658 |
T2367 |
T2359 |
nsubj |
littermates,became |
R1659 |
T2368 |
T2367 |
compound |
control,littermates |
R1660 |
T2369 |
T2359 |
attr |
obese,became |
R1661 |
T2370 |
T2359 |
punct |
", ",became |
R1662 |
T2371 |
T2372 |
mark |
whereas,maintained |
R1663 |
T2372 |
T2359 |
advcl |
maintained,became |
R1664 |
T2373 |
T2374 |
det |
the,mice |
R1665 |
T2374 |
T2372 |
nsubj |
mice,maintained |
R1666 |
T2375 |
T2374 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1667 |
T2376 |
T2372 |
advmod |
still,maintained |
R1668 |
T2377 |
T2378 |
det |
a,weight |
R1669 |
T2378 |
T2372 |
dobj |
weight,maintained |
R1670 |
T2379 |
T2378 |
amod |
normal,weight |
R1671 |
T2380 |
T2378 |
compound |
body,weight |
R1672 |
T2381 |
T2378 |
cc |
and,weight |
R1673 |
T2382 |
T2383 |
compound |
fat,mass |
R1674 |
T2383 |
T2384 |
compound |
mass,composition |
R1675 |
T2384 |
T2378 |
conj |
composition,weight |
R1676 |
T2385 |
T2386 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1677 |
T2386 |
T2372 |
parataxis |
Figure,maintained |
R1678 |
T2387 |
T2386 |
nummod |
4A,Figure |
R1679 |
T2388 |
T2386 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1680 |
T2389 |
T2359 |
punct |
.,became |
R1681 |
T2391 |
T2392 |
det |
A,analysis |
R1682 |
T2392 |
T2394 |
nsubj |
analysis,revealed |
R1683 |
T2393 |
T2392 |
amod |
histological,analysis |
R1684 |
T2395 |
T2392 |
prep |
of,analysis |
R1685 |
T2396 |
T2397 |
amod |
inguinal,pad |
R1686 |
T2397 |
T2395 |
pobj |
pad,of |
R1687 |
T2398 |
T2397 |
compound |
fat,pad |
R1688 |
T2399 |
T2400 |
det |
a,size |
R1689 |
T2400 |
T2394 |
dobj |
size,revealed |
R1690 |
T2401 |
T2402 |
advmod |
much,smaller |
R1691 |
T2402 |
T2400 |
amod |
smaller,size |
R1692 |
T2403 |
T2400 |
compound |
cell,size |
R1693 |
T2404 |
T2394 |
prep |
in,revealed |
R1694 |
T2405 |
T2406 |
det |
the,mice |
R1695 |
T2406 |
T2404 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1696 |
T2407 |
T2406 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1697 |
T2408 |
T2409 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1698 |
T2409 |
T2394 |
parataxis |
Figure,revealed |
R1699 |
T2410 |
T2409 |
nummod |
4B,Figure |
R1700 |
T2411 |
T2409 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1701 |
T2412 |
T2394 |
punct |
", ",revealed |
R1702 |
T2413 |
T2394 |
prep |
due,revealed |
R1703 |
T2414 |
T2413 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R1704 |
T2415 |
T2416 |
det |
the,capacity |
R1705 |
T2416 |
T2413 |
pobj |
capacity,due |
R1706 |
T2417 |
T2416 |
amod |
increased,capacity |
R1707 |
T2418 |
T2416 |
nmod |
muscle,capacity |
R1708 |
T2419 |
T2416 |
amod |
oxidative,capacity |
R1709 |
T2420 |
T2394 |
punct |
.,revealed |
R1710 |
T2422 |
T2423 |
mark |
While,was |
R1711 |
T2423 |
T2425 |
advcl |
was,was |
R1712 |
T2424 |
T2423 |
expl |
there,was |
R1713 |
T2426 |
T2427 |
det |
no,difference |
R1714 |
T2427 |
T2423 |
attr |
difference,was |
R1715 |
T2428 |
T2427 |
amod |
significant,difference |
R1716 |
T2429 |
T2427 |
prep |
in,difference |
R1717 |
T2430 |
T2431 |
amod |
intramuscular,content |
R1718 |
T2431 |
T2429 |
pobj |
content,in |
R1719 |
T2432 |
T2431 |
compound |
glycogen,content |
R1720 |
T2433 |
T2425 |
punct |
", ",was |
R1721 |
T2434 |
T2435 |
det |
the,content |
R1722 |
T2435 |
T2425 |
nsubj |
content,was |
R1723 |
T2436 |
T2435 |
compound |
triglyceride,content |
R1724 |
T2437 |
T2438 |
advmod |
much,less |
R1725 |
T2438 |
T2425 |
acomp |
less,was |
R1726 |
T2439 |
T2425 |
prep |
in,was |
R1727 |
T2440 |
T2441 |
det |
the,mice |
R1728 |
T2441 |
T2439 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R1729 |
T2442 |
T2441 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1730 |
T2443 |
T2444 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1731 |
T2444 |
T2425 |
parataxis |
Figure,was |
R1732 |
T2445 |
T2444 |
nummod |
4C,Figure |
R1733 |
T2446 |
T2444 |
cc |
and,Figure |
R1734 |
T2447 |
T2444 |
conj |
4D,Figure |
R1735 |
T2448 |
T2444 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1736 |
T2449 |
T2425 |
punct |
", ",was |
R1737 |
T2450 |
T2451 |
dep |
which,explain |
R1738 |
T2451 |
T2425 |
advcl |
explain,was |
R1739 |
T2452 |
T2451 |
aux |
may,explain |
R1740 |
T2453 |
T2454 |
poss |
their,tolerance |
R1741 |
T2454 |
T2451 |
dobj |
tolerance,explain |
R1742 |
T2455 |
T2454 |
amod |
improved,tolerance |
R1743 |
T2456 |
T2454 |
compound |
glucose,tolerance |
R1744 |
T2457 |
T2458 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1745 |
T2458 |
T2451 |
parataxis |
Figure,explain |
R1746 |
T2459 |
T2458 |
nummod |
4E,Figure |
R1747 |
T2460 |
T2458 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1748 |
T2461 |
T2425 |
punct |
.,was |
R1749 |
T2463 |
T2464 |
nsubj |
We,placed |
R1750 |
T2465 |
T2464 |
advmod |
also,placed |
R1751 |
T2466 |
T2467 |
amod |
wild,type |
R1752 |
T2467 |
T2469 |
compound |
type,mice |
R1753 |
T2468 |
T2467 |
punct |
-,type |
R1754 |
T2469 |
T2464 |
dobj |
mice,placed |
R1755 |
T2470 |
T2469 |
compound |
C57BJ6,mice |
R1756 |
T2471 |
T2464 |
prep |
on,placed |
R1757 |
T2472 |
T2473 |
det |
the,diet |
R1758 |
T2473 |
T2471 |
pobj |
diet,on |
R1759 |
T2474 |
T2475 |
amod |
high,fat |
R1760 |
T2475 |
T2473 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R1761 |
T2476 |
T2475 |
punct |
-,fat |
R1762 |
T2477 |
T2464 |
cc |
and,placed |
R1763 |
T2478 |
T2464 |
conj |
treated,placed |
R1764 |
T2479 |
T2478 |
dobj |
them,treated |
R1765 |
T2480 |
T2478 |
prep |
with,treated |
R1766 |
T2481 |
T2482 |
preconj |
either,vehicle |
R1767 |
T2482 |
T2480 |
pobj |
vehicle,with |
R1768 |
T2483 |
T2482 |
cc |
or,vehicle |
R1769 |
T2484 |
T2485 |
det |
the,GW501516 |
R1770 |
T2485 |
T2482 |
conj |
GW501516,vehicle |
R1771 |
T2486 |
T2487 |
compound |
PPARδ,agonist |
R1772 |
T2487 |
T2485 |
compound |
agonist,GW501516 |
R1773 |
T2488 |
T2478 |
prep |
for,treated |
R1774 |
T2489 |
T2490 |
nummod |
2,mo |
R1775 |
T2490 |
T2488 |
pobj |
mo,for |
R1776 |
T2491 |
T2464 |
punct |
.,placed |
R1777 |
T2493 |
T2494 |
nsubj |
GW501516,produced |
R1778 |
T2494 |
T2495 |
ccomp |
produced,resulted |
R1779 |
T2496 |
T2497 |
det |
a,induction |
R1780 |
T2497 |
T2494 |
dobj |
induction,produced |
R1781 |
T2498 |
T2497 |
amod |
sustained,induction |
R1782 |
T2499 |
T2497 |
prep |
of,induction |
R1783 |
T2500 |
T2499 |
pobj |
genes,of |
R1784 |
T2501 |
T2500 |
prep |
for,genes |
R1785 |
T2502 |
T2503 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R1786 |
T2503 |
T2501 |
pobj |
fibers,for |
R1787 |
T2504 |
T2502 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1788 |
T2505 |
T2503 |
compound |
muscle,fibers |
R1789 |
T2506 |
T2495 |
punct |
;,resulted |
R1790 |
T2507 |
T2495 |
nsubj |
this,resulted |
R1791 |
T2508 |
T2495 |
punct |
", ",resulted |
R1792 |
T2509 |
T2510 |
advmod |
at,least |
R1793 |
T2510 |
T2511 |
advmod |
least,in |
R1794 |
T2511 |
T2495 |
prep |
in,resulted |
R1795 |
T2512 |
T2511 |
amod |
part,in |
R1796 |
T2513 |
T2495 |
punct |
", ",resulted |
R1797 |
T2514 |
T2495 |
prep |
in,resulted |
R1798 |
T2515 |
T2516 |
det |
an,gain |
R1799 |
T2516 |
T2514 |
pobj |
gain,in |
R1800 |
T2517 |
T2518 |
advmod |
only,30 |
R1801 |
T2518 |
T2519 |
nummod |
30,% |
R1802 |
T2519 |
T2516 |
compound |
%,gain |
R1803 |
T2520 |
T2516 |
prep |
in,gain |
R1804 |
T2521 |
T2522 |
compound |
body,weight |
R1805 |
T2522 |
T2520 |
pobj |
weight,in |
R1806 |
T2523 |
T2516 |
punct |
", ",gain |
R1807 |
T2524 |
T2525 |
det |
a,accumulation |
R1808 |
T2525 |
T2516 |
conj |
accumulation,gain |
R1809 |
T2526 |
T2527 |
advmod |
dramatically,reduced |
R1810 |
T2527 |
T2525 |
amod |
reduced,accumulation |
R1811 |
T2528 |
T2529 |
compound |
fat,mass |
R1812 |
T2529 |
T2525 |
compound |
mass,accumulation |
R1813 |
T2530 |
T2525 |
punct |
", ",accumulation |
R1814 |
T2531 |
T2525 |
cc |
and,accumulation |
R1815 |
T2532 |
T2533 |
amod |
improved,tolerance |
R1816 |
T2533 |
T2525 |
conj |
tolerance,accumulation |
R1817 |
T2534 |
T2533 |
compound |
glucose,tolerance |
R1818 |
T2535 |
T2516 |
punct |
", ",gain |
R1819 |
T2536 |
T2516 |
prep |
compared,gain |
R1820 |
T2537 |
T2536 |
prep |
to,compared |
R1821 |
T2538 |
T2539 |
det |
the,group |
R1822 |
T2539 |
T2537 |
pobj |
group,to |
R1823 |
T2540 |
T2541 |
npadvmod |
vehicle,treated |
R1824 |
T2541 |
T2539 |
amod |
treated,group |
R1825 |
T2542 |
T2541 |
punct |
-,treated |
R1826 |
T2543 |
T2544 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1827 |
T2544 |
T2495 |
parataxis |
Figure,resulted |
R1828 |
T2545 |
T2544 |
nummod |
5,Figure |
R1829 |
T2546 |
T2544 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1830 |
T2547 |
T2495 |
punct |
.,resulted |
R1831 |
T2549 |
T2550 |
advmod |
Thus,has |
R1832 |
T2551 |
T2550 |
punct |
", ",has |
R1833 |
T2552 |
T2553 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R1834 |
T2553 |
T2554 |
compound |
fiber,conversion |
R1835 |
T2554 |
T2550 |
nsubj |
conversion,has |
R1836 |
T2555 |
T2554 |
prep |
by,conversion |
R1837 |
T2556 |
T2555 |
pobj |
stimulation,by |
R1838 |
T2557 |
T2556 |
prep |
with,stimulation |
R1839 |
T2558 |
T2559 |
det |
the,agonist |
R1840 |
T2559 |
T2557 |
pobj |
agonist,with |
R1841 |
T2560 |
T2559 |
compound |
PPARδ,agonist |
R1842 |
T2561 |
T2559 |
cc |
or,agonist |
R1843 |
T2562 |
T2563 |
det |
the,transgene |
R1844 |
T2563 |
T2559 |
conj |
transgene,agonist |
R1845 |
T2564 |
T2563 |
amod |
activated,transgene |
R1846 |
T2565 |
T2566 |
det |
a,role |
R1847 |
T2566 |
T2550 |
dobj |
role,has |
R1848 |
T2567 |
T2566 |
amod |
protective,role |
R1849 |
T2568 |
T2566 |
prep |
against,role |
R1850 |
T2569 |
T2568 |
pobj |
obesity,against |
R1851 |
T2570 |
T2550 |
punct |
.,has |
R1852 |
T2626 |
T2627 |
nsubj |
Activation,Enhances |
R1853 |
T2628 |
T2626 |
prep |
of,Activation |
R1854 |
T2629 |
T2628 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R1855 |
T2630 |
T2631 |
amod |
Physical,Performance |
R1856 |
T2631 |
T2627 |
dobj |
Performance,Enhances |
R1857 |
T2633 |
T2634 |
nmod |
Muscle,capacity |
R1858 |
T2634 |
T2636 |
nsubj |
capacity,is |
R1859 |
T2635 |
T2634 |
amod |
oxidative,capacity |
R1860 |
T2637 |
T2638 |
det |
a,factor |
R1861 |
T2638 |
T2636 |
attr |
factor,is |
R1862 |
T2639 |
T2638 |
amod |
crucial,factor |
R1863 |
T2640 |
T2638 |
prep |
for,factor |
R1864 |
T2641 |
T2640 |
pcomp |
determining,for |
R1865 |
T2642 |
T2641 |
dobj |
endurance,determining |
R1866 |
T2643 |
T2642 |
cc |
and,endurance |
R1867 |
T2644 |
T2642 |
conj |
fatigue,endurance |
R1868 |
T2645 |
T2636 |
punct |
.,is |
R1869 |
T2647 |
T2648 |
advmod |
Indeed,considered |
R1870 |
T2649 |
T2648 |
punct |
", ",considered |
R1871 |
T2650 |
T2651 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R1872 |
T2651 |
T2648 |
nsubjpass |
fibers,considered |
R1873 |
T2652 |
T2650 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1874 |
T2653 |
T2654 |
advmod |
adaptively,generated |
R1875 |
T2654 |
T2651 |
acl |
generated,fibers |
R1876 |
T2655 |
T2654 |
prep |
through,generated |
R1877 |
T2656 |
T2657 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R1878 |
T2657 |
T2655 |
pobj |
training,through |
R1879 |
T2658 |
T2648 |
auxpass |
are,considered |
R1880 |
T2659 |
T2660 |
aux |
to,be |
R1881 |
T2660 |
T2648 |
xcomp |
be,considered |
R1882 |
T2661 |
T2662 |
npadvmod |
fatigue,resistant |
R1883 |
T2662 |
T2660 |
acomp |
resistant,be |
R1884 |
T2663 |
T2648 |
punct |
.,considered |
R1885 |
T2665 |
T2666 |
advmod |
However,is |
R1886 |
T2667 |
T2666 |
punct |
", ",is |
R1887 |
T2668 |
T2669 |
mark |
whether,contribute |
R1888 |
T2669 |
T2666 |
csubj |
contribute,is |
R1889 |
T2670 |
T2671 |
det |
the,fibers |
R1890 |
T2671 |
T2669 |
nsubj |
fibers,contribute |
R1891 |
T2672 |
T2671 |
nmod |
type,fibers |
R1892 |
T2673 |
T2672 |
nummod |
I,type |
R1893 |
T2674 |
T2671 |
acl |
generated,fibers |
R1894 |
T2675 |
T2674 |
advmod |
molecularly,generated |
R1895 |
T2676 |
T2674 |
prep |
via,generated |
R1896 |
T2677 |
T2678 |
compound |
PPARδ,expression |
R1897 |
T2678 |
T2676 |
pobj |
expression,via |
R1898 |
T2679 |
T2669 |
aux |
can,contribute |
R1899 |
T2680 |
T2669 |
prep |
to,contribute |
R1900 |
T2681 |
T2682 |
amod |
enhanced,performance |
R1901 |
T2682 |
T2680 |
pobj |
performance,to |
R1902 |
T2683 |
T2669 |
prep |
in,contribute |
R1903 |
T2684 |
T2685 |
det |
the,absence |
R1904 |
T2685 |
T2683 |
pobj |
absence,in |
R1905 |
T2686 |
T2685 |
prep |
of,absence |
R1906 |
T2687 |
T2688 |
amod |
previous,training |
R1907 |
T2688 |
T2686 |
pobj |
training,of |
R1908 |
T2689 |
T2666 |
acomp |
unclear,is |
R1909 |
T2690 |
T2666 |
punct |
.,is |
R1910 |
T2692 |
T2693 |
prep |
In,evaluated |
R1911 |
T2694 |
T2692 |
pobj |
fact,In |
R1912 |
T2695 |
T2693 |
punct |
", ",evaluated |
R1913 |
T2696 |
T2697 |
det |
the,consequence |
R1914 |
T2697 |
T2693 |
nsubjpass |
consequence,evaluated |
R1915 |
T2698 |
T2697 |
prep |
of,consequence |
R1916 |
T2699 |
T2700 |
advmod |
genetically,induced |
R1917 |
T2700 |
T2701 |
amod |
induced,switch |
R1918 |
T2701 |
T2698 |
pobj |
switch,of |
R1919 |
T2702 |
T2701 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R1920 |
T2703 |
T2697 |
prep |
on,consequence |
R1921 |
T2704 |
T2705 |
amod |
running,capacity |
R1922 |
T2705 |
T2703 |
pobj |
capacity,on |
R1923 |
T2706 |
T2693 |
aux |
has,evaluated |
R1924 |
T2707 |
T2693 |
prep |
to,evaluated |
R1925 |
T2708 |
T2709 |
poss |
our,knowledge |
R1926 |
T2709 |
T2707 |
pobj |
knowledge,to |
R1927 |
T2710 |
T2693 |
neg |
never,evaluated |
R1928 |
T2711 |
T2693 |
auxpass |
been,evaluated |
R1929 |
T2712 |
T2693 |
punct |
.,evaluated |
R1930 |
T2714 |
T2715 |
nsubj |
We,compared |
R1931 |
T2716 |
T2715 |
advmod |
thus,compared |
R1932 |
T2717 |
T2718 |
compound |
exercise,performance |
R1933 |
T2718 |
T2715 |
dobj |
performance,compared |
R1934 |
T2719 |
T2715 |
prep |
between,compared |
R1935 |
T2720 |
T2721 |
amod |
untrained,littermates |
R1936 |
T2721 |
T2719 |
pobj |
littermates,between |
R1937 |
T2722 |
T2721 |
punct |
", ",littermates |
R1938 |
T2723 |
T2724 |
compound |
body,weight |
R1939 |
T2724 |
T2726 |
npadvmod |
weight,matched |
R1940 |
T2725 |
T2724 |
punct |
-,weight |
R1941 |
T2726 |
T2721 |
amod |
matched,littermates |
R1942 |
T2727 |
T2726 |
punct |
-,matched |
R1943 |
T2728 |
T2721 |
amod |
transgenic,littermates |
R1944 |
T2729 |
T2728 |
cc |
and,transgenic |
R1945 |
T2730 |
T2731 |
amod |
wild,type |
R1946 |
T2731 |
T2728 |
conj |
type,transgenic |
R1947 |
T2732 |
T2731 |
punct |
-,type |
R1948 |
T2733 |
T2715 |
punct |
.,compared |
R1949 |
T2735 |
T2736 |
nsubjpass |
Mice,run |
R1950 |
T2737 |
T2736 |
auxpass |
were,run |
R1951 |
T2738 |
T2736 |
prep |
on,run |
R1952 |
T2739 |
T2740 |
npadvmod |
oxygen,infused |
R1953 |
T2740 |
T2742 |
amod |
infused,treadmills |
R1954 |
T2741 |
T2740 |
punct |
-,infused |
R1955 |
T2742 |
T2738 |
pobj |
treadmills,on |
R1956 |
T2743 |
T2742 |
punct |
", ",treadmills |
R1957 |
T2744 |
T2742 |
amod |
enclosed,treadmills |
R1958 |
T2745 |
T2736 |
prep |
until,run |
R1959 |
T2746 |
T2745 |
pobj |
exhaustion,until |
R1960 |
T2747 |
T2736 |
punct |
.,run |
R1961 |
T2749 |
T2750 |
advmod |
Strikingly,increased |
R1962 |
T2751 |
T2750 |
punct |
", ",increased |
R1963 |
T2752 |
T2753 |
det |
the,time |
R1964 |
T2753 |
T2750 |
nsubjpass |
time,increased |
R1965 |
T2754 |
T2753 |
compound |
running,time |
R1966 |
T2755 |
T2753 |
cc |
and,time |
R1967 |
T2756 |
T2753 |
conj |
distance,time |
R1968 |
T2757 |
T2758 |
det |
the,mice |
R1969 |
T2758 |
T2760 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R1970 |
T2759 |
T2758 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1971 |
T2760 |
T2753 |
advcl |
were,time |
R1972 |
T2761 |
T2760 |
acomp |
able,were |
R1973 |
T2762 |
T2763 |
aux |
to,sustain |
R1974 |
T2763 |
T2761 |
xcomp |
sustain,able |
R1975 |
T2764 |
T2750 |
auxpass |
were,increased |
R1976 |
T2765 |
T2750 |
prep |
by,increased |
R1977 |
T2766 |
T2767 |
nummod |
67,% |
R1978 |
T2767 |
T2765 |
pobj |
%,by |
R1979 |
T2768 |
T2767 |
cc |
and,% |
R1980 |
T2769 |
T2770 |
nummod |
92,% |
R1981 |
T2770 |
T2767 |
conj |
%,% |
R1982 |
T2771 |
T2750 |
punct |
", ",increased |
R1983 |
T2772 |
T2750 |
advmod |
respectively,increased |
R1984 |
T2773 |
T2774 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R1985 |
T2774 |
T2750 |
parataxis |
Figure,increased |
R1986 |
T2775 |
T2774 |
nummod |
6A,Figure |
R1987 |
T2776 |
T2774 |
punct |
;,Figure |
R1988 |
T2777 |
T2778 |
advmod |
also,see |
R1989 |
T2778 |
T2774 |
advcl |
see,Figure |
R1990 |
T2779 |
T2780 |
compound |
Videos,S1 |
R1991 |
T2780 |
T2778 |
dobj |
S1,see |
R1992 |
T2781 |
T2780 |
cc |
and,S1 |
R1993 |
T2782 |
T2780 |
conj |
S2,S1 |
R1994 |
T2783 |
T2774 |
punct |
),Figure |
R1995 |
T2784 |
T2750 |
punct |
.,increased |
R1996 |
T2786 |
T2787 |
det |
The,mice |
R1997 |
T2787 |
T2789 |
nsubj |
mice,ran |
R1998 |
T2788 |
T2787 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R1999 |
T2790 |
T2791 |
advmod |
about,1 |
R2000 |
T2791 |
T2792 |
nummod |
1,h |
R2001 |
T2792 |
T2793 |
npadvmod |
h,longer |
R2002 |
T2793 |
T2789 |
advmod |
longer,ran |
R2003 |
T2794 |
T2793 |
prep |
than,longer |
R2004 |
T2795 |
T2796 |
det |
the,controls |
R2005 |
T2796 |
T2794 |
pobj |
controls,than |
R2006 |
T2797 |
T2789 |
punct |
", ",ran |
R2007 |
T2798 |
T2799 |
dep |
which,translates |
R2008 |
T2799 |
T2789 |
advcl |
translates,ran |
R2009 |
T2800 |
T2799 |
prep |
to,translates |
R2010 |
T2801 |
T2802 |
advmod |
nearly,a |
R2011 |
T2802 |
T2803 |
nummod |
a,kilometer |
R2012 |
T2803 |
T2804 |
npadvmod |
kilometer,further |
R2013 |
T2804 |
T2800 |
pcomp |
further,to |
R2014 |
T2805 |
T2789 |
punct |
.,ran |
R2015 |
T2807 |
T2808 |
det |
No,differences |
R2016 |
T2808 |
T2810 |
nsubjpass |
differences,observed |
R2017 |
T2809 |
T2808 |
amod |
significant,differences |
R2018 |
T2811 |
T2808 |
prep |
in,differences |
R2019 |
T2812 |
T2813 |
compound |
muscle,mass |
R2020 |
T2813 |
T2811 |
pobj |
mass,in |
R2021 |
T2814 |
T2815 |
punct |
(,data |
R2022 |
T2815 |
T2813 |
parataxis |
data,mass |
R2023 |
T2816 |
T2815 |
amod |
unpublished,data |
R2024 |
T2817 |
T2815 |
punct |
),data |
R2025 |
T2818 |
T2813 |
cc |
and,mass |
R2026 |
T2819 |
T2820 |
amod |
daily,activity |
R2027 |
T2820 |
T2813 |
conj |
activity,mass |
R2028 |
T2821 |
T2822 |
punct |
(,209 |
R2029 |
T2822 |
T2820 |
parataxis |
209,activity |
R2030 |
T2823 |
T2824 |
amod |
total,counts |
R2031 |
T2824 |
T2822 |
dep |
counts,209 |
R2032 |
T2825 |
T2824 |
prep |
of,counts |
R2033 |
T2826 |
T2825 |
pobj |
activity,of |
R2034 |
T2827 |
T2826 |
prep |
per,activity |
R2035 |
T2828 |
T2827 |
pobj |
hour,per |
R2036 |
T2829 |
T2822 |
punct |
: ,209 |
R2037 |
T2830 |
T2822 |
quantmod |
1618,209 |
R2038 |
T2831 |
T2822 |
punct |
±,209 |
R2039 |
T2832 |
T2822 |
prep |
for,209 |
R2040 |
T2833 |
T2832 |
amod |
transgenic,for |
R2041 |
T2834 |
T2822 |
cc |
versus,209 |
R2042 |
T2835 |
T2836 |
quantmod |
1987,301 |
R2043 |
T2836 |
T2822 |
conj |
301,209 |
R2044 |
T2837 |
T2836 |
punct |
±,301 |
R2045 |
T2838 |
T2836 |
prep |
for,301 |
R2046 |
T2839 |
T2840 |
amod |
wild,type |
R2047 |
T2840 |
T2838 |
pobj |
type,for |
R2048 |
T2841 |
T2840 |
punct |
-,type |
R2049 |
T2842 |
T2822 |
punct |
", ",209 |
R2050 |
T2843 |
T2844 |
nsubj |
p,0.35 |
R2051 |
T2844 |
T2822 |
ccomp |
0.35,209 |
R2052 |
T2845 |
T2844 |
punct |
>,0.35 |
R2053 |
T2846 |
T2822 |
punct |
", ",209 |
R2054 |
T2847 |
T2848 |
nsubj |
n,4 |
R2055 |
T2848 |
T2822 |
ccomp |
4,209 |
R2056 |
T2849 |
T2848 |
punct |
=,4 |
R2057 |
T2850 |
T2822 |
punct |
),209 |
R2058 |
T2851 |
T2810 |
auxpass |
were,observed |
R2059 |
T2852 |
T2810 |
prep |
between,observed |
R2060 |
T2853 |
T2854 |
det |
the,mice |
R2061 |
T2854 |
T2852 |
pobj |
mice,between |
R2062 |
T2855 |
T2854 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R2063 |
T2856 |
T2855 |
cc |
and,transgenic |
R2064 |
T2857 |
T2855 |
conj |
control,transgenic |
R2065 |
T2858 |
T2810 |
punct |
.,observed |
R2066 |
T2860 |
T2861 |
advmod |
Thus,is |
R2067 |
T2862 |
T2861 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2068 |
T2863 |
T2864 |
det |
the,increase |
R2069 |
T2864 |
T2861 |
nsubj |
increase,is |
R2070 |
T2865 |
T2864 |
amod |
remarkable,increase |
R2071 |
T2866 |
T2864 |
prep |
in,increase |
R2072 |
T2867 |
T2866 |
pobj |
endurance,in |
R2073 |
T2868 |
T2869 |
det |
the,manifestation |
R2074 |
T2869 |
T2861 |
attr |
manifestation,is |
R2075 |
T2870 |
T2869 |
amod |
physiologic,manifestation |
R2076 |
T2871 |
T2869 |
prep |
of,manifestation |
R2077 |
T2872 |
T2873 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2078 |
T2873 |
T2874 |
compound |
fiber,transformation |
R2079 |
T2874 |
T2871 |
pobj |
transformation,of |
R2080 |
T2875 |
T2861 |
punct |
.,is |
R2081 |
T2877 |
T2878 |
nsubj |
This,suggests |
R2082 |
T2879 |
T2880 |
mark |
that,is |
R2083 |
T2880 |
T2878 |
ccomp |
is,suggests |
R2084 |
T2881 |
T2882 |
advmod |
genetically,directed |
R2085 |
T2882 |
T2883 |
amod |
directed,switch |
R2086 |
T2883 |
T2880 |
nsubj |
switch,is |
R2087 |
T2884 |
T2885 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2088 |
T2885 |
T2883 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R2089 |
T2886 |
T2887 |
advmod |
physiologically,relevant |
R2090 |
T2887 |
T2880 |
acomp |
relevant,is |
R2091 |
T2888 |
T2886 |
cc |
and,physiologically |
R2092 |
T2889 |
T2886 |
conj |
functionally,physiologically |
R2093 |
T2890 |
T2878 |
punct |
.,suggests |
R2094 |
T2892 |
T2893 |
prep |
In,looked |
R2095 |
T2894 |
T2892 |
pobj |
addition,In |
R2096 |
T2895 |
T2893 |
punct |
", ",looked |
R2097 |
T2896 |
T2893 |
nsubj |
we,looked |
R2098 |
T2897 |
T2893 |
prep |
at,looked |
R2099 |
T2898 |
T2899 |
det |
what,effect |
R2100 |
T2899 |
T2900 |
dep |
effect,has |
R2101 |
T2900 |
T2897 |
pcomp |
has,at |
R2102 |
T2901 |
T2902 |
det |
the,absence |
R2103 |
T2902 |
T2900 |
nsubj |
absence,has |
R2104 |
T2903 |
T2902 |
prep |
of,absence |
R2105 |
T2904 |
T2905 |
compound |
PPARδ,function |
R2106 |
T2905 |
T2903 |
pobj |
function,of |
R2107 |
T2906 |
T2900 |
prep |
on,has |
R2108 |
T2907 |
T2908 |
compound |
exercise,endurance |
R2109 |
T2908 |
T2906 |
pobj |
endurance,on |
R2110 |
T2909 |
T2893 |
punct |
.,looked |
R2111 |
T2911 |
T2912 |
prep |
In,sustain |
R2112 |
T2913 |
T2914 |
det |
the,test |
R2113 |
T2914 |
T2911 |
pobj |
test,In |
R2114 |
T2915 |
T2914 |
compound |
treadmill,test |
R2115 |
T2916 |
T2912 |
punct |
", ",sustain |
R2116 |
T2917 |
T2918 |
det |
the,mice |
R2117 |
T2918 |
T2912 |
nsubj |
mice,sustain |
R2118 |
T2919 |
T2920 |
npadvmod |
PPARδ,null |
R2119 |
T2920 |
T2918 |
amod |
null,mice |
R2120 |
T2921 |
T2920 |
punct |
-,null |
R2121 |
T2922 |
T2912 |
aux |
could,sustain |
R2122 |
T2923 |
T2924 |
advmod |
only,% |
R2123 |
T2924 |
T2912 |
dobj |
%,sustain |
R2124 |
T2925 |
T2924 |
nummod |
38,% |
R2125 |
T2926 |
T2924 |
prep |
of,% |
R2126 |
T2927 |
T2928 |
det |
the,time |
R2127 |
T2928 |
T2926 |
pobj |
time,of |
R2128 |
T2929 |
T2928 |
compound |
running,time |
R2129 |
T2930 |
T2924 |
cc |
and,% |
R2130 |
T2931 |
T2932 |
nummod |
34,% |
R2131 |
T2932 |
T2924 |
conj |
%,% |
R2132 |
T2933 |
T2932 |
prep |
of,% |
R2133 |
T2934 |
T2935 |
det |
the,distance |
R2134 |
T2935 |
T2933 |
pobj |
distance,of |
R2135 |
T2936 |
T2932 |
prep |
of,% |
R2136 |
T2937 |
T2938 |
poss |
their,counterparts |
R2137 |
T2938 |
T2936 |
pobj |
counterparts,of |
R2138 |
T2939 |
T2940 |
npadvmod |
age,matched |
R2139 |
T2940 |
T2938 |
amod |
matched,counterparts |
R2140 |
T2941 |
T2939 |
punct |
-,age |
R2141 |
T2942 |
T2939 |
cc |
and,age |
R2142 |
T2943 |
T2939 |
conj |
weight,age |
R2143 |
T2944 |
T2940 |
punct |
-,matched |
R2144 |
T2945 |
T2946 |
amod |
wild,type |
R2145 |
T2946 |
T2938 |
compound |
type,counterparts |
R2146 |
T2947 |
T2946 |
punct |
-,type |
R2147 |
T2948 |
T2949 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R2148 |
T2949 |
T2912 |
parataxis |
Figure,sustain |
R2149 |
T2950 |
T2949 |
nummod |
6B,Figure |
R2150 |
T2951 |
T2949 |
punct |
),Figure |
R2151 |
T2952 |
T2912 |
punct |
.,sustain |
R2152 |
T2954 |
T2955 |
det |
These,results |
R2153 |
T2955 |
T2956 |
nsubj |
results,support |
R2154 |
T2957 |
T2956 |
advmod |
further,support |
R2155 |
T2958 |
T2959 |
det |
a,role |
R2156 |
T2959 |
T2956 |
dobj |
role,support |
R2157 |
T2960 |
T2959 |
prep |
for,role |
R2158 |
T2961 |
T2960 |
pobj |
PPARδ,for |
R2159 |
T2962 |
T2959 |
prep |
in,role |
R2160 |
T2963 |
T2962 |
pobj |
enhancement,in |
R2161 |
T2964 |
T2963 |
prep |
of,enhancement |
R2162 |
T2965 |
T2966 |
amod |
physical,performance |
R2163 |
T2966 |
T2964 |
pobj |
performance,of |
R2164 |
T2967 |
T2956 |
punct |
.,support |
R2169 |
T3182 |
T3183 |
poss |
Our,data |
R2170 |
T3183 |
T3184 |
nsubj |
data,reveal |
R2171 |
T3185 |
T3186 |
mark |
that,regulate |
R2172 |
T3186 |
T3184 |
ccomp |
regulate,reveal |
R2173 |
T3187 |
T3188 |
det |
a,pathway |
R2174 |
T3188 |
T3186 |
nsubj |
pathway,regulate |
R2175 |
T3189 |
T3190 |
npadvmod |
PPARδ,mediated |
R2176 |
T3190 |
T3188 |
amod |
mediated,pathway |
R2177 |
T3191 |
T3190 |
punct |
-,mediated |
R2178 |
T3192 |
T3188 |
amod |
transcriptional,pathway |
R2179 |
T3193 |
T3186 |
aux |
can,regulate |
R2180 |
T3194 |
T3195 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2181 |
T3195 |
T3196 |
compound |
fiber,specification |
R2182 |
T3196 |
T3186 |
dobj |
specification,regulate |
R2183 |
T3197 |
T3186 |
punct |
", ",regulate |
R2184 |
T3198 |
T3186 |
advcl |
enabling,regulate |
R2185 |
T3199 |
T3200 |
det |
the,generation |
R2186 |
T3200 |
T3198 |
dobj |
generation,enabling |
R2187 |
T3201 |
T3200 |
prep |
of,generation |
R2188 |
T3202 |
T3203 |
det |
a,strain |
R2189 |
T3203 |
T3201 |
pobj |
strain,of |
R2190 |
T3204 |
T3203 |
prep |
of,strain |
R2191 |
T3205 |
T3204 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2192 |
T3206 |
T3203 |
prep |
with,strain |
R2193 |
T3207 |
T3208 |
det |
a,phenotype |
R2194 |
T3208 |
T3206 |
pobj |
phenotype,with |
R2195 |
T3209 |
T3208 |
punct |
“,phenotype |
R2196 |
T3210 |
T3211 |
amod |
long,distance |
R2197 |
T3211 |
T3213 |
nmod |
distance,running |
R2198 |
T3212 |
T3211 |
punct |
-,distance |
R2199 |
T3213 |
T3208 |
nmod |
running,phenotype |
R2200 |
T3214 |
T3208 |
punct |
”,phenotype |
R2201 |
T3215 |
T3184 |
punct |
.,reveal |
R2202 |
T3217 |
T3218 |
nsubj |
We,show |
R2203 |
T3219 |
T3220 |
mark |
that,produces |
R2204 |
T3220 |
T3218 |
ccomp |
produces,show |
R2205 |
T3221 |
T3222 |
amod |
targeted,expression |
R2206 |
T3222 |
T3220 |
nsubj |
expression,produces |
R2207 |
T3223 |
T3222 |
prep |
of,expression |
R2208 |
T3224 |
T3225 |
det |
an,form |
R2209 |
T3225 |
T3223 |
pobj |
form,of |
R2210 |
T3226 |
T3225 |
amod |
activated,form |
R2211 |
T3227 |
T3225 |
prep |
of,form |
R2212 |
T3228 |
T3227 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2213 |
T3229 |
T3230 |
amod |
profound,increases |
R2214 |
T3230 |
T3220 |
dobj |
increases,produces |
R2215 |
T3231 |
T3229 |
cc |
and,profound |
R2216 |
T3232 |
T3229 |
conj |
coordinated,profound |
R2217 |
T3233 |
T3230 |
prep |
in,increases |
R2218 |
T3234 |
T3235 |
compound |
oxidation,enzymes |
R2219 |
T3235 |
T3233 |
pobj |
enzymes,in |
R2220 |
T3236 |
T3235 |
punct |
", ",enzymes |
R2221 |
T3237 |
T3238 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R2222 |
T3238 |
T3235 |
conj |
biogenesis,enzymes |
R2223 |
T3239 |
T3238 |
punct |
", ",biogenesis |
R2224 |
T3240 |
T3238 |
cc |
and,biogenesis |
R2225 |
T3241 |
T3238 |
conj |
production,biogenesis |
R2226 |
T3242 |
T3241 |
prep |
of,production |
R2227 |
T3243 |
T3244 |
amod |
specialized,proteins |
R2228 |
T3244 |
T3242 |
pobj |
proteins,of |
R2229 |
T3245 |
T3246 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R2230 |
T3246 |
T3244 |
nmod |
fiber,proteins |
R2231 |
T3247 |
T3245 |
nummod |
I,type |
R2232 |
T3248 |
T3244 |
amod |
contractile,proteins |
R2233 |
T3249 |
T3235 |
punct |
—,enzymes |
R2234 |
T3250 |
T3251 |
det |
the,hallmarks |
R2235 |
T3251 |
T3235 |
appos |
hallmarks,enzymes |
R2236 |
T3252 |
T3251 |
nummod |
three,hallmarks |
R2237 |
T3253 |
T3251 |
prep |
for,hallmarks |
R2238 |
T3254 |
T3255 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2239 |
T3255 |
T3256 |
compound |
fiber,switching |
R2240 |
T3256 |
T3253 |
pobj |
switching,for |
R2241 |
T3257 |
T3256 |
compound |
type,switching |
R2242 |
T3258 |
T3259 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R2243 |
T3259 |
T3220 |
parataxis |
Figure,produces |
R2244 |
T3260 |
T3259 |
nummod |
6C,Figure |
R2245 |
T3261 |
T3259 |
punct |
),Figure |
R2246 |
T3262 |
T3218 |
punct |
.,show |
R2247 |
T3264 |
T3265 |
mark |
While,seen |
R2248 |
T3265 |
T3275 |
advcl |
seen,are |
R2249 |
T3266 |
T3265 |
nsubjpass |
induction,seen |
R2250 |
T3267 |
T3266 |
prep |
of,induction |
R2251 |
T3268 |
T3269 |
compound |
muscle,enzymes |
R2252 |
T3269 |
T3267 |
pobj |
enzymes,of |
R2253 |
T3270 |
T3269 |
compound |
oxidation,enzymes |
R2254 |
T3271 |
T3266 |
prep |
by,induction |
R2255 |
T3272 |
T3271 |
pobj |
PPARδ,by |
R2256 |
T3273 |
T3265 |
aux |
has,seen |
R2257 |
T3274 |
T3265 |
auxpass |
been,seen |
R2258 |
T3276 |
T3277 |
preconj |
both,vivo |
R2259 |
T3277 |
T3265 |
advmod |
vivo,seen |
R2260 |
T3278 |
T3277 |
advmod |
in,vivo |
R2261 |
T3279 |
T3277 |
cc |
and,vivo |
R2262 |
T3280 |
T3281 |
advmod |
in,vitro |
R2263 |
T3281 |
T3277 |
conj |
vitro,vivo |
R2264 |
T3282 |
T3283 |
punct |
(,Muoio |
R2265 |
T3283 |
T3265 |
meta |
Muoio,seen |
R2266 |
T3284 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2267 |
T3285 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2268 |
T3286 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2002,Muoio |
R2269 |
T3287 |
T3283 |
punct |
;,Muoio |
R2270 |
T3288 |
T3283 |
nmod |
Dressel,Muoio |
R2271 |
T3289 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2272 |
T3290 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2273 |
T3291 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2003,Muoio |
R2274 |
T3292 |
T3283 |
punct |
;,Muoio |
R2275 |
T3293 |
T3283 |
nmod |
Luquet,Muoio |
R2276 |
T3294 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2277 |
T3295 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2278 |
T3296 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2003,Muoio |
R2279 |
T3297 |
T3283 |
punct |
;,Muoio |
R2280 |
T3298 |
T3283 |
nmod |
Tanaka,Muoio |
R2281 |
T3299 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2282 |
T3300 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2283 |
T3301 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2003,Muoio |
R2284 |
T3302 |
T3283 |
punct |
;,Muoio |
R2285 |
T3303 |
T3283 |
nmod |
Wang,Muoio |
R2286 |
T3304 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2287 |
T3305 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2288 |
T3306 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2003,Muoio |
R2289 |
T3307 |
T3283 |
punct |
),Muoio |
R2290 |
T3308 |
T3275 |
punct |
", ",are |
R2291 |
T3309 |
T3310 |
poss |
its,effects |
R2292 |
T3310 |
T3275 |
nsubj |
effects,are |
R2293 |
T3311 |
T3310 |
acl |
shown,effects |
R2294 |
T3312 |
T3311 |
advmod |
here,shown |
R2295 |
T3313 |
T3311 |
prep |
on,shown |
R2296 |
T3314 |
T3315 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2297 |
T3315 |
T3316 |
compound |
fiber,switching |
R2298 |
T3316 |
T3313 |
pobj |
switching,on |
R2299 |
T3317 |
T3275 |
acomp |
unexpected,are |
R2300 |
T3318 |
T3275 |
punct |
.,are |
R2301 |
T3320 |
T3321 |
det |
These,changes |
R2302 |
T3321 |
T3323 |
nsubj |
changes,lead |
R2303 |
T3322 |
T3321 |
amod |
progressive,changes |
R2304 |
T3324 |
T3321 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2305 |
T3325 |
T3326 |
amod |
oxidative,capacity |
R2306 |
T3326 |
T3324 |
pobj |
capacity,in |
R2307 |
T3327 |
T3321 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2308 |
T3328 |
T3327 |
pobj |
conjunction,in |
R2309 |
T3329 |
T3328 |
prep |
with,conjunction |
R2310 |
T3330 |
T3331 |
amod |
eventual,changes |
R2311 |
T3331 |
T3329 |
pobj |
changes,with |
R2312 |
T3332 |
T3331 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2313 |
T3333 |
T3334 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R2314 |
T3334 |
T3332 |
pobj |
fiber,in |
R2315 |
T3335 |
T3333 |
nummod |
I,type |
R2316 |
T3336 |
T3334 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2317 |
T3337 |
T3323 |
prep |
to,lead |
R2318 |
T3338 |
T3339 |
det |
a,profile |
R2319 |
T3339 |
T3337 |
pobj |
profile,to |
R2320 |
T3340 |
T3341 |
advmod |
dramatically,improved |
R2321 |
T3341 |
T3339 |
amod |
improved,profile |
R2322 |
T3342 |
T3339 |
compound |
exercise,profile |
R2323 |
T3343 |
T3339 |
cc |
and,profile |
R2324 |
T3344 |
T3339 |
conj |
protection,profile |
R2325 |
T3345 |
T3344 |
prep |
against,protection |
R2326 |
T3346 |
T3345 |
pobj |
obesity,against |
R2327 |
T3347 |
T3323 |
punct |
.,lead |
R2328 |
T3349 |
T3350 |
nsubj |
This,depend |
R2329 |
T3351 |
T3350 |
aux |
does,depend |
R2330 |
T3352 |
T3350 |
neg |
not,depend |
R2331 |
T3353 |
T3350 |
advmod |
solely,depend |
R2332 |
T3354 |
T3350 |
prep |
on,depend |
R2333 |
T3355 |
T3354 |
pcomp |
achieving,on |
R2334 |
T3356 |
T3357 |
det |
a,switch |
R2335 |
T3357 |
T3355 |
dobj |
switch,achieving |
R2336 |
T3358 |
T3357 |
amod |
directed,switch |
R2337 |
T3359 |
T3360 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2338 |
T3360 |
T3357 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R2339 |
T3361 |
T3357 |
compound |
type,switch |
R2340 |
T3362 |
T3350 |
cc |
but,depend |
R2341 |
T3363 |
T3364 |
advmod |
also,requires |
R2342 |
T3364 |
T3350 |
conj |
requires,depend |
R2343 |
T3365 |
T3366 |
predet |
all,changes |
R2344 |
T3366 |
T3364 |
dobj |
changes,requires |
R2345 |
T3367 |
T3366 |
det |
the,changes |
R2346 |
T3368 |
T3366 |
amod |
associated,changes |
R2347 |
T3369 |
T3366 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2348 |
T3370 |
T3371 |
amod |
neural,innervation |
R2349 |
T3371 |
T3369 |
pobj |
innervation,in |
R2350 |
T3372 |
T3371 |
punct |
", ",innervation |
R2351 |
T3373 |
T3374 |
compound |
motor,neuron |
R2352 |
T3374 |
T3375 |
compound |
neuron,function |
R2353 |
T3375 |
T3371 |
conj |
function,innervation |
R2354 |
T3376 |
T3375 |
punct |
", ",function |
R2355 |
T3377 |
T3375 |
cc |
and,function |
R2356 |
T3378 |
T3379 |
amod |
peripheral,adaptation |
R2357 |
T3379 |
T3375 |
conj |
adaptation,function |
R2358 |
T3380 |
T3379 |
amod |
metabolic,adaptation |
R2359 |
T3381 |
T3382 |
aux |
to,enable |
R2360 |
T3382 |
T3364 |
advcl |
enable,requires |
R2361 |
T3383 |
T3384 |
det |
a,response |
R2362 |
T3384 |
T3382 |
dobj |
response,enable |
R2363 |
T3385 |
T3384 |
amod |
new,response |
R2364 |
T3386 |
T3384 |
amod |
integrated,response |
R2365 |
T3387 |
T3384 |
amod |
physiological,response |
R2366 |
T3388 |
T3350 |
punct |
.,depend |
R2367 |
T3390 |
T3391 |
advmod |
Accordingly,recapitulates |
R2368 |
T3392 |
T3391 |
punct |
", ",recapitulates |
R2369 |
T3393 |
T3391 |
nsubj |
activation,recapitulates |
R2370 |
T3394 |
T3393 |
prep |
of,activation |
R2371 |
T3395 |
T3396 |
compound |
muscle,PPARδ |
R2372 |
T3396 |
T3394 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2373 |
T3397 |
T3391 |
advmod |
essentially,recapitulates |
R2374 |
T3398 |
T3399 |
det |
the,effects |
R2375 |
T3399 |
T3391 |
dobj |
effects,recapitulates |
R2376 |
T3400 |
T3399 |
prep |
of,effects |
R2377 |
T3401 |
T3402 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R2378 |
T3402 |
T3400 |
pobj |
training,of |
R2379 |
T3403 |
T3404 |
advmod |
even,in |
R2380 |
T3404 |
T3391 |
prep |
in,recapitulates |
R2381 |
T3405 |
T3406 |
det |
the,absence |
R2382 |
T3406 |
T3404 |
pobj |
absence,in |
R2383 |
T3407 |
T3406 |
prep |
of,absence |
R2384 |
T3408 |
T3407 |
pobj |
training,of |
R2385 |
T3409 |
T3408 |
appos |
itself,training |
R2386 |
T3410 |
T3391 |
punct |
.,recapitulates |
R2387 |
T3412 |
T3413 |
prep |
To,described |
R2388 |
T3414 |
T3415 |
poss |
our,knowledge |
R2389 |
T3415 |
T3412 |
pobj |
knowledge,To |
R2390 |
T3416 |
T3413 |
punct |
", ",described |
R2391 |
T3417 |
T3413 |
nsubjpass |
this,described |
R2392 |
T3418 |
T3413 |
aux |
has,described |
R2393 |
T3419 |
T3413 |
neg |
not,described |
R2394 |
T3420 |
T3413 |
auxpass |
been,described |
R2395 |
T3421 |
T3413 |
advmod |
directly,described |
R2396 |
T3422 |
T3413 |
prep |
for,described |
R2397 |
T3423 |
T3424 |
det |
any,factor |
R2398 |
T3424 |
T3422 |
pobj |
factor,for |
R2399 |
T3425 |
T3424 |
amod |
other,factor |
R2400 |
T3426 |
T3424 |
amod |
transcriptional,factor |
R2401 |
T3427 |
T3413 |
punct |
.,described |
R2402 |
T3429 |
T3430 |
det |
The,phenotypes |
R2403 |
T3430 |
T3432 |
nsubj |
phenotypes,are |
R2404 |
T3431 |
T3430 |
compound |
muscle,phenotypes |
R2405 |
T3433 |
T3430 |
acl |
described,phenotypes |
R2406 |
T3434 |
T3433 |
advmod |
here,described |
R2407 |
T3435 |
T3436 |
advmod |
remarkably,similar |
R2408 |
T3436 |
T3432 |
acomp |
similar,are |
R2409 |
T3437 |
T3436 |
prep |
to,similar |
R2410 |
T3438 |
T3437 |
pobj |
those,to |
R2411 |
T3439 |
T3438 |
prep |
of,those |
R2412 |
T3440 |
T3441 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R2413 |
T3441 |
T3439 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2414 |
T3442 |
T3441 |
acl |
expressing,mice |
R2415 |
T3443 |
T3444 |
preconj |
either,calcineurin |
R2416 |
T3444 |
T3442 |
dobj |
calcineurin,expressing |
R2417 |
T3445 |
T3444 |
punct |
", ",calcineurin |
R2418 |
T3446 |
T3447 |
npadvmod |
calmodulin,dependent |
R2419 |
T3447 |
T3449 |
amod |
dependent,kinase |
R2420 |
T3448 |
T3447 |
punct |
-,dependent |
R2421 |
T3449 |
T3444 |
conj |
kinase,calcineurin |
R2422 |
T3450 |
T3449 |
punct |
", ",kinase |
R2423 |
T3451 |
T3449 |
cc |
or,kinase |
R2424 |
T3452 |
T3449 |
conj |
PGC,kinase |
R2425 |
T3453 |
T3452 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R2426 |
T3454 |
T3452 |
nummod |
1α,PGC |
R2427 |
T3455 |
T3456 |
punct |
(,Naya |
R2428 |
T3456 |
T3432 |
meta |
Naya,are |
R2429 |
T3457 |
T3456 |
nmod |
et,Naya |
R2430 |
T3458 |
T3456 |
nmod |
al.,Naya |
R2431 |
T3459 |
T3456 |
nummod |
2000,Naya |
R2432 |
T3460 |
T3456 |
punct |
;,Naya |
R2433 |
T3461 |
T3456 |
nmod |
Lin,Naya |
R2434 |
T3462 |
T3456 |
nmod |
et,Naya |
R2435 |
T3463 |
T3456 |
nmod |
al.,Naya |
R2436 |
T3464 |
T3456 |
nummod |
2002,Naya |
R2437 |
T3465 |
T3456 |
punct |
;,Naya |
R2438 |
T3466 |
T3456 |
nmod |
Wu,Naya |
R2439 |
T3467 |
T3456 |
nmod |
et,Naya |
R2440 |
T3468 |
T3456 |
nmod |
al.,Naya |
R2441 |
T3469 |
T3456 |
nummod |
2002,Naya |
R2442 |
T3470 |
T3456 |
punct |
),Naya |
R2443 |
T3471 |
T3432 |
punct |
", ",are |
R2444 |
T3472 |
T3432 |
advcl |
indicating,are |
R2445 |
T3473 |
T3474 |
mark |
that,be |
R2446 |
T3474 |
T3472 |
ccomp |
be,indicating |
R2447 |
T3475 |
T3474 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,be |
R2448 |
T3476 |
T3474 |
aux |
could,be |
R2449 |
T3477 |
T3474 |
attr |
one,be |
R2450 |
T3478 |
T3477 |
prep |
of,one |
R2451 |
T3479 |
T3480 |
det |
the,factors |
R2452 |
T3480 |
T3478 |
pobj |
factors,of |
R2453 |
T3481 |
T3480 |
amod |
hypothetical,factors |
R2454 |
T3482 |
T3480 |
amod |
downstream,factors |
R2455 |
T3483 |
T3480 |
compound |
transcription,factors |
R2456 |
T3484 |
T3480 |
prep |
of,factors |
R2457 |
T3485 |
T3486 |
det |
these,pathways |
R2458 |
T3486 |
T3484 |
pobj |
pathways,of |
R2459 |
T3487 |
T3432 |
punct |
.,are |
R2460 |
T3489 |
T3490 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R2461 |
T3491 |
T3490 |
acomp |
important,is |
R2462 |
T3492 |
T3493 |
aux |
to,note |
R2463 |
T3493 |
T3490 |
xcomp |
note,is |
R2464 |
T3494 |
T3495 |
mark |
that,needs |
R2465 |
T3495 |
T3493 |
ccomp |
needs,note |
R2466 |
T3496 |
T3495 |
punct |
", ",needs |
R2467 |
T3497 |
T3495 |
prep |
from,needs |
R2468 |
T3498 |
T3499 |
poss |
our,studies |
R2469 |
T3499 |
T3497 |
pobj |
studies,from |
R2470 |
T3500 |
T3499 |
nmod |
ligand,studies |
R2471 |
T3501 |
T3500 |
cc |
and,ligand |
R2472 |
T3502 |
T3500 |
conj |
gain,ligand |
R2473 |
T3503 |
T3502 |
punct |
-,gain |
R2474 |
T3504 |
T3502 |
prep |
of,gain |
R2475 |
T3505 |
T3504 |
punct |
-,of |
R2476 |
T3506 |
T3504 |
pobj |
function,of |
R2477 |
T3507 |
T3499 |
amod |
transgenic,studies |
R2478 |
T3508 |
T3495 |
punct |
", ",needs |
R2479 |
T3509 |
T3495 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,needs |
R2480 |
T3510 |
T3511 |
aux |
to,activated |
R2481 |
T3511 |
T3495 |
xcomp |
activated,needs |
R2482 |
T3512 |
T3511 |
auxpass |
be,activated |
R2483 |
T3513 |
T3511 |
prep |
in,activated |
R2484 |
T3514 |
T3513 |
pobj |
order,in |
R2485 |
T3515 |
T3516 |
aux |
to,direct |
R2486 |
T3516 |
T3514 |
acl |
direct,order |
R2487 |
T3517 |
T3518 |
det |
the,switch |
R2488 |
T3518 |
T3516 |
dobj |
switch,direct |
R2489 |
T3519 |
T3520 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2490 |
T3520 |
T3518 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R2491 |
T3521 |
T3490 |
punct |
.,is |
R2492 |
T3523 |
T3524 |
advmod |
Indeed,found |
R2493 |
T3525 |
T3524 |
punct |
", ",found |
R2494 |
T3526 |
T3524 |
prep |
in,found |
R2495 |
T3527 |
T3528 |
det |
a,report |
R2496 |
T3528 |
T3526 |
pobj |
report,in |
R2497 |
T3529 |
T3528 |
amod |
recent,report |
R2498 |
T3530 |
T3528 |
prep |
by,report |
R2499 |
T3531 |
T3530 |
pobj |
Luquet,by |
R2500 |
T3532 |
T3533 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R2501 |
T3533 |
T3531 |
advmod |
al.,Luquet |
R2502 |
T3534 |
T3531 |
punct |
(,Luquet |
R2503 |
T3535 |
T3531 |
npadvmod |
2003,Luquet |
R2504 |
T3536 |
T3531 |
punct |
),Luquet |
R2505 |
T3537 |
T3524 |
punct |
", ",found |
R2506 |
T3538 |
T3539 |
amod |
simple,overexpression |
R2507 |
T3539 |
T3524 |
nsubjpass |
overexpression,found |
R2508 |
T3540 |
T3539 |
prep |
of,overexpression |
R2509 |
T3541 |
T3542 |
amod |
wild,type |
R2510 |
T3542 |
T3544 |
compound |
type,PPARδ |
R2511 |
T3543 |
T3542 |
punct |
-,type |
R2512 |
T3544 |
T3540 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2513 |
T3545 |
T3539 |
prep |
in,overexpression |
R2514 |
T3546 |
T3545 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R2515 |
T3547 |
T3524 |
auxpass |
was,found |
R2516 |
T3548 |
T3549 |
neg |
not,be |
R2517 |
T3549 |
T3524 |
xcomp |
be,found |
R2518 |
T3550 |
T3549 |
aux |
to,be |
R2519 |
T3551 |
T3549 |
acomp |
sufficient,be |
R2520 |
T3552 |
T3553 |
aux |
to,promote |
R2521 |
T3553 |
T3551 |
xcomp |
promote,sufficient |
R2522 |
T3554 |
T3555 |
det |
a,switch |
R2523 |
T3555 |
T3553 |
dobj |
switch,promote |
R2524 |
T3556 |
T3555 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R2525 |
T3557 |
T3555 |
cc |
or,switch |
R2526 |
T3558 |
T3559 |
compound |
obesity,resistance |
R2527 |
T3559 |
T3555 |
conj |
resistance,switch |
R2528 |
T3560 |
T3549 |
punct |
", ",be |
R2529 |
T3561 |
T3562 |
mark |
although,increased |
R2530 |
T3562 |
T3549 |
advcl |
increased,be |
R2531 |
T3563 |
T3564 |
amod |
certain,enzymes |
R2532 |
T3564 |
T3562 |
nsubjpass |
enzymes,increased |
R2533 |
T3565 |
T3564 |
compound |
oxidation,enzymes |
R2534 |
T3566 |
T3562 |
auxpass |
were,increased |
R2535 |
T3567 |
T3524 |
punct |
.,found |
R2536 |
T3569 |
T3570 |
nsubj |
This,supports |
R2537 |
T3571 |
T3572 |
det |
the,model |
R2538 |
T3572 |
T3570 |
dobj |
model,supports |
R2539 |
T3573 |
T3572 |
prep |
in,model |
R2540 |
T3574 |
T3573 |
pobj |
Figure,in |
R2541 |
T3575 |
T3574 |
nummod |
6C,Figure |
R2542 |
T3576 |
T3577 |
mark |
that,is |
R2543 |
T3577 |
T3572 |
acl |
is,model |
R2544 |
T3578 |
T3579 |
det |
the,signal |
R2545 |
T3579 |
T3577 |
nsubj |
signal,is |
R2546 |
T3580 |
T3579 |
amod |
activating,signal |
R2547 |
T3581 |
T3579 |
cc |
or,signal |
R2548 |
T3582 |
T3579 |
conj |
ligand,signal |
R2549 |
T3583 |
T3579 |
punct |
", ",signal |
R2550 |
T3584 |
T3579 |
cc |
but,signal |
R2551 |
T3585 |
T3584 |
neg |
not,but |
R2552 |
T3586 |
T3587 |
det |
the,receptor |
R2553 |
T3587 |
T3579 |
conj |
receptor,signal |
R2554 |
T3588 |
T3577 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2555 |
T3589 |
T3577 |
acomp |
limiting,is |
R2556 |
T3590 |
T3570 |
punct |
.,supports |
R2557 |
T3592 |
T3593 |
advmod |
Thus,is |
R2558 |
T3594 |
T3593 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2559 |
T3595 |
T3596 |
compound |
PPARδ,activation |
R2560 |
T3596 |
T3593 |
nsubj |
activation,is |
R2561 |
T3597 |
T3596 |
punct |
", ",activation |
R2562 |
T3598 |
T3599 |
advmod |
rather,than |
R2563 |
T3599 |
T3596 |
cc |
than,activation |
R2564 |
T3600 |
T3601 |
advmod |
merely,increase |
R2565 |
T3601 |
T3596 |
conj |
increase,activation |
R2566 |
T3602 |
T3601 |
det |
an,increase |
R2567 |
T3603 |
T3601 |
prep |
of,increase |
R2568 |
T3604 |
T3605 |
compound |
PPARδ,levels |
R2569 |
T3605 |
T3603 |
pobj |
levels,of |
R2570 |
T3606 |
T3593 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2571 |
T3607 |
T3608 |
det |
an,element |
R2572 |
T3608 |
T3593 |
attr |
element,is |
R2573 |
T3609 |
T3608 |
amod |
essential,element |
R2574 |
T3610 |
T3608 |
prep |
for,element |
R2575 |
T3611 |
T3612 |
compound |
fiber,switching |
R2576 |
T3612 |
T3610 |
pobj |
switching,for |
R2577 |
T3613 |
T3612 |
cc |
and,switching |
R2578 |
T3614 |
T3615 |
poss |
its,manifestations |
R2579 |
T3615 |
T3612 |
conj |
manifestations,switching |
R2580 |
T3616 |
T3615 |
amod |
associated,manifestations |
R2581 |
T3617 |
T3615 |
amod |
functional,manifestations |
R2582 |
T3618 |
T3593 |
punct |
.,is |
R2583 |
T3620 |
T3621 |
advmod |
How,become |
R2584 |
T3622 |
T3621 |
aux |
might,become |
R2585 |
T3623 |
T3624 |
amod |
endogenous,PPARδ |
R2586 |
T3624 |
T3621 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,become |
R2587 |
T3625 |
T3621 |
acomp |
activated,become |
R2588 |
T3626 |
T3621 |
advmod |
naturally,become |
R2589 |
T3627 |
T3621 |
prep |
by,become |
R2590 |
T3628 |
T3629 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R2591 |
T3629 |
T3627 |
pobj |
training,by |
R2592 |
T3630 |
T3621 |
punct |
?,become |
R2593 |
T3632 |
T3633 |
advmod |
First,is |
R2594 |
T3634 |
T3633 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2595 |
T3635 |
T3633 |
nsubj |
it,is |
R2596 |
T3636 |
T3633 |
acomp |
possible,is |
R2597 |
T3637 |
T3638 |
mark |
that,generates |
R2598 |
T3638 |
T3633 |
ccomp |
generates,is |
R2599 |
T3639 |
T3638 |
nsubj |
exercise,generates |
R2600 |
T3640 |
T3638 |
cc |
or,generates |
R2601 |
T3641 |
T3638 |
conj |
increases,generates |
R2602 |
T3642 |
T3643 |
amod |
endogenous,ligands |
R2603 |
T3643 |
T3641 |
dobj |
ligands,increases |
R2604 |
T3644 |
T3641 |
prep |
for,increases |
R2605 |
T3645 |
T3644 |
pobj |
PPARδ,for |
R2606 |
T3646 |
T3647 |
mark |
as,undergoing |
R2607 |
T3647 |
T3641 |
advcl |
undergoing,increases |
R2608 |
T3648 |
T3647 |
nsubj |
tissues,undergoing |
R2609 |
T3649 |
T3647 |
aux |
are,undergoing |
R2610 |
T3650 |
T3651 |
amod |
substantial,increases |
R2611 |
T3651 |
T3647 |
dobj |
increases,undergoing |
R2612 |
T3652 |
T3651 |
prep |
in,increases |
R2613 |
T3653 |
T3654 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R2614 |
T3654 |
T3652 |
pobj |
acid,in |
R2615 |
T3655 |
T3654 |
punct |
-,acid |
R2616 |
T3656 |
T3654 |
appos |
internalization,acid |
R2617 |
T3657 |
T3656 |
cc |
and,internalization |
R2618 |
T3658 |
T3656 |
conj |
burning,internalization |
R2619 |
T3659 |
T3633 |
punct |
.,is |
R2620 |
T3661 |
T3662 |
amod |
Fatty,acids |
R2621 |
T3662 |
T3663 |
nsubj |
acids,activate |
R2622 |
T3664 |
T3662 |
cc |
and,acids |
R2623 |
T3665 |
T3666 |
poss |
their,metabolites |
R2624 |
T3666 |
T3662 |
conj |
metabolites,acids |
R2625 |
T3667 |
T3663 |
aux |
can,activate |
R2626 |
T3668 |
T3663 |
dobj |
PPARδ,activate |
R2627 |
T3669 |
T3663 |
punct |
.,activate |
R2628 |
T3671 |
T3672 |
det |
A,model |
R2629 |
T3672 |
T3674 |
nsubj |
model,is |
R2630 |
T3673 |
T3672 |
amod |
second,model |
R2631 |
T3675 |
T3676 |
mark |
that,induce |
R2632 |
T3676 |
T3674 |
ccomp |
induce,is |
R2633 |
T3677 |
T3676 |
nsubj |
exercise,induce |
R2634 |
T3678 |
T3676 |
aux |
may,induce |
R2635 |
T3679 |
T3676 |
dobj |
expression,induce |
R2636 |
T3680 |
T3679 |
prep |
of,expression |
R2637 |
T3681 |
T3680 |
pobj |
PGC,of |
R2638 |
T3682 |
T3681 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R2639 |
T3683 |
T3681 |
nummod |
1α,PGC |
R2640 |
T3684 |
T3685 |
punct |
(,Goto |
R2641 |
T3685 |
T3676 |
meta |
Goto,induce |
R2642 |
T3686 |
T3685 |
nmod |
et,Goto |
R2643 |
T3687 |
T3685 |
nmod |
al.,Goto |
R2644 |
T3688 |
T3685 |
nummod |
2000,Goto |
R2645 |
T3689 |
T3685 |
punct |
),Goto |
R2646 |
T3690 |
T3676 |
cc |
and,induce |
R2647 |
T3691 |
T3692 |
advmod |
thereby,activate |
R2648 |
T3692 |
T3676 |
conj |
activate,induce |
R2649 |
T3693 |
T3692 |
dobj |
PPARδ,activate |
R2650 |
T3694 |
T3674 |
punct |
.,is |
R2651 |
T3696 |
T3697 |
nsubj |
This,is |
R2652 |
T3698 |
T3697 |
acomp |
consistent,is |
R2653 |
T3699 |
T3698 |
prep |
with,consistent |
R2654 |
T3700 |
T3701 |
amod |
previous,work |
R2655 |
T3701 |
T3699 |
pobj |
work,with |
R2656 |
T3702 |
T3703 |
prep |
in,shown |
R2657 |
T3703 |
T3701 |
relcl |
shown,work |
R2658 |
T3704 |
T3702 |
pobj |
which,in |
R2659 |
T3705 |
T3703 |
nsubj |
we,shown |
R2660 |
T3706 |
T3703 |
aux |
have,shown |
R2661 |
T3707 |
T3708 |
mark |
that,associates |
R2662 |
T3708 |
T3703 |
ccomp |
associates,shown |
R2663 |
T3709 |
T3708 |
nsubj |
PGC,associates |
R2664 |
T3710 |
T3709 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R2665 |
T3711 |
T3709 |
nummod |
1α,PGC |
R2666 |
T3712 |
T3708 |
advmod |
physically,associates |
R2667 |
T3713 |
T3708 |
prep |
with,associates |
R2668 |
T3714 |
T3713 |
pobj |
PPARδ,with |
R2669 |
T3715 |
T3708 |
prep |
in,associates |
R2670 |
T3716 |
T3717 |
compound |
muscle,tissue |
R2671 |
T3717 |
T3715 |
pobj |
tissue,in |
R2672 |
T3718 |
T3708 |
cc |
and,associates |
R2673 |
T3719 |
T3720 |
aux |
can,activate |
R2674 |
T3720 |
T3708 |
conj |
activate,associates |
R2675 |
T3721 |
T3720 |
advmod |
powerfully,activate |
R2676 |
T3722 |
T3720 |
dobj |
it,activate |
R2677 |
T3723 |
T3724 |
advmod |
even,in |
R2678 |
T3724 |
T3720 |
prep |
in,activate |
R2679 |
T3725 |
T3726 |
det |
the,absence |
R2680 |
T3726 |
T3724 |
pobj |
absence,in |
R2681 |
T3727 |
T3726 |
prep |
of,absence |
R2682 |
T3728 |
T3727 |
pobj |
ligands,of |
R2683 |
T3729 |
T3730 |
punct |
(,Wang |
R2684 |
T3730 |
T3703 |
meta |
Wang,shown |
R2685 |
T3731 |
T3730 |
nmod |
et,Wang |
R2686 |
T3732 |
T3730 |
nmod |
al.,Wang |
R2687 |
T3733 |
T3730 |
nummod |
2003,Wang |
R2688 |
T3734 |
T3730 |
punct |
),Wang |
R2689 |
T3735 |
T3697 |
punct |
.,is |
R2690 |
T3737 |
T3738 |
advmod |
Alternatively,activated |
R2691 |
T3739 |
T3738 |
punct |
", ",activated |
R2692 |
T3740 |
T3738 |
nsubjpass |
PPARδ,activated |
R2693 |
T3741 |
T3738 |
aux |
may,activated |
R2694 |
T3742 |
T3738 |
auxpass |
be,activated |
R2695 |
T3743 |
T3738 |
agent |
by,activated |
R2696 |
T3744 |
T3745 |
det |
a,component |
R2697 |
T3745 |
T3743 |
pobj |
component,by |
R2698 |
T3746 |
T3745 |
amod |
distal,component |
R2699 |
T3747 |
T3745 |
amod |
upstream,component |
R2700 |
T3748 |
T3745 |
compound |
signaling,component |
R2701 |
T3749 |
T3750 |
amod |
such,as |
R2702 |
T3750 |
T3745 |
prep |
as,component |
R2703 |
T3751 |
T3752 |
det |
a,cascade |
R2704 |
T3752 |
T3750 |
pobj |
cascade,as |
R2705 |
T3753 |
T3752 |
compound |
kinase,cascade |
R2706 |
T3754 |
T3738 |
punct |
.,activated |
R2707 |
T3756 |
T3757 |
advmod |
Further,dissecting |
R2708 |
T3757 |
T3758 |
csubj |
dissecting,be |
R2709 |
T3759 |
T3760 |
det |
the,interactions |
R2710 |
T3760 |
T3757 |
dobj |
interactions,dissecting |
R2711 |
T3761 |
T3760 |
prep |
between,interactions |
R2712 |
T3762 |
T3761 |
pobj |
PPARδ,between |
R2713 |
T3763 |
T3762 |
cc |
and,PPARδ |
R2714 |
T3764 |
T3765 |
poss |
its,components |
R2715 |
T3765 |
T3762 |
conj |
components,PPARδ |
R2716 |
T3766 |
T3765 |
amod |
regulatory,components |
R2717 |
T3767 |
T3758 |
aux |
will,be |
R2718 |
T3768 |
T3758 |
acomp |
necessary,be |
R2719 |
T3769 |
T3770 |
aux |
to,understand |
R2720 |
T3770 |
T3758 |
advcl |
understand,be |
R2721 |
T3771 |
T3770 |
advmod |
fully,understand |
R2722 |
T3772 |
T3773 |
det |
the,basis |
R2723 |
T3773 |
T3770 |
dobj |
basis,understand |
R2724 |
T3774 |
T3773 |
amod |
molecular,basis |
R2725 |
T3775 |
T3773 |
prep |
of,basis |
R2726 |
T3776 |
T3777 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2727 |
T3777 |
T3778 |
compound |
fiber,determination |
R2728 |
T3778 |
T3775 |
pobj |
determination,of |
R2729 |
T3779 |
T3773 |
amod |
pertinent,basis |
R2730 |
T3780 |
T3779 |
prep |
to,pertinent |
R2731 |
T3781 |
T3782 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R2732 |
T3782 |
T3780 |
pobj |
training,to |
R2733 |
T3783 |
T3758 |
punct |
.,be |
R2734 |
T3785 |
T3786 |
amod |
Skeletal,muscle |
R2735 |
T3786 |
T3787 |
nsubj |
muscle,is |
R2736 |
T3788 |
T3789 |
det |
a,site |
R2737 |
T3789 |
T3787 |
attr |
site,is |
R2738 |
T3790 |
T3789 |
amod |
major,site |
R2739 |
T3791 |
T3792 |
aux |
to,regulate |
R2740 |
T3792 |
T3789 |
advcl |
regulate,site |
R2741 |
T3793 |
T3794 |
amod |
whole,body |
R2742 |
T3794 |
T3796 |
nmod |
body,metabolism |
R2743 |
T3795 |
T3794 |
punct |
-,body |
R2744 |
T3796 |
T3792 |
dobj |
metabolism,regulate |
R2745 |
T3797 |
T3798 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R2746 |
T3798 |
T3796 |
nmod |
acid,metabolism |
R2747 |
T3799 |
T3798 |
punct |
-,acid |
R2748 |
T3800 |
T3798 |
cc |
and,acid |
R2749 |
T3801 |
T3798 |
conj |
glucose,acid |
R2750 |
T3802 |
T3787 |
punct |
.,is |
R2751 |
T3804 |
T3805 |
nsubj |
We,show |
R2752 |
T3806 |
T3807 |
mark |
that,are |
R2753 |
T3807 |
T3805 |
ccomp |
are,show |
R2754 |
T3808 |
T3807 |
nsubj |
mice,are |
R2755 |
T3809 |
T3808 |
prep |
with,mice |
R2756 |
T3810 |
T3811 |
amod |
increased,fibers |
R2757 |
T3811 |
T3809 |
pobj |
fibers,with |
R2758 |
T3812 |
T3811 |
amod |
oxidative,fibers |
R2759 |
T3813 |
T3807 |
acomp |
resistant,are |
R2760 |
T3814 |
T3813 |
prep |
to,resistant |
R2761 |
T3815 |
T3816 |
amod |
high,fat |
R2762 |
T3816 |
T3818 |
npadvmod |
fat,induced |
R2763 |
T3817 |
T3816 |
punct |
-,fat |
R2764 |
T3818 |
T3820 |
amod |
induced,obesity |
R2765 |
T3819 |
T3818 |
punct |
-,induced |
R2766 |
T3820 |
T3814 |
pobj |
obesity,to |
R2767 |
T3821 |
T3820 |
cc |
and,obesity |
R2768 |
T3822 |
T3823 |
compound |
glucose,intolerance |
R2769 |
T3823 |
T3820 |
conj |
intolerance,obesity |
R2770 |
T3824 |
T3805 |
punct |
.,show |
R2771 |
T3826 |
T3827 |
advmod |
Moreover,provide |
R2772 |
T3828 |
T3827 |
punct |
", ",provide |
R2773 |
T3829 |
T3830 |
compound |
ligand,studies |
R2774 |
T3830 |
T3827 |
nsubj |
studies,provide |
R2775 |
T3831 |
T3832 |
amod |
compelling,evidence |
R2776 |
T3832 |
T3827 |
dobj |
evidence,provide |
R2777 |
T3833 |
T3834 |
mark |
that,produce |
R2778 |
T3834 |
T3832 |
acl |
produce,evidence |
R2779 |
T3835 |
T3834 |
nsubj |
activation,produce |
R2780 |
T3836 |
T3835 |
prep |
of,activation |
R2781 |
T3837 |
T3838 |
amod |
endogenous,PPARδ |
R2782 |
T3838 |
T3836 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2783 |
T3839 |
T3834 |
aux |
can,produce |
R2784 |
T3840 |
T3841 |
amod |
similar,effects |
R2785 |
T3841 |
T3834 |
dobj |
effects,produce |
R2786 |
T3842 |
T3827 |
punct |
.,provide |
R2787 |
T3844 |
T3845 |
aux |
Might,have |
R2788 |
T3846 |
T3845 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,have |
R2789 |
T3847 |
T3848 |
det |
any,effects |
R2790 |
T3848 |
T3845 |
dobj |
effects,have |
R2791 |
T3849 |
T3848 |
amod |
beneficial,effects |
R2792 |
T3850 |
T3848 |
prep |
on,effects |
R2793 |
T3851 |
T3852 |
compound |
glucose,metabolism |
R2794 |
T3852 |
T3850 |
pobj |
metabolism,on |
R2795 |
T3853 |
T3845 |
prep |
in,have |
R2796 |
T3854 |
T3855 |
det |
the,condition |
R2797 |
T3855 |
T3853 |
pobj |
condition,in |
R2798 |
T3856 |
T3855 |
amod |
lean,condition |
R2799 |
T3857 |
T3845 |
punct |
?,have |
R2800 |
T3859 |
T3860 |
nsubjpass |
This,explored |
R2801 |
T3860 |
T3864 |
ccomp |
explored,confined |
R2802 |
T3861 |
T3860 |
aux |
has,explored |
R2803 |
T3862 |
T3860 |
neg |
not,explored |
R2804 |
T3863 |
T3860 |
auxpass |
been,explored |
R2805 |
T3865 |
T3864 |
punct |
;,confined |
R2806 |
T3866 |
T3864 |
advmod |
however,confined |
R2807 |
T3867 |
T3864 |
punct |
", ",confined |
R2808 |
T3868 |
T3869 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R2809 |
T3869 |
T3864 |
nsubjpass |
resistance,confined |
R2810 |
T3870 |
T3869 |
prep |
in,resistance |
R2811 |
T3871 |
T3872 |
det |
the,elderly |
R2812 |
T3872 |
T3870 |
pobj |
elderly,in |
R2813 |
T3873 |
T3864 |
auxpass |
is,confined |
R2814 |
T3874 |
T3875 |
advmod |
mostly,to |
R2815 |
T3875 |
T3864 |
prep |
to,confined |
R2816 |
T3876 |
T3877 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R2817 |
T3877 |
T3875 |
pobj |
muscle,to |
R2818 |
T3878 |
T3864 |
cc |
and,confined |
R2819 |
T3879 |
T3880 |
aux |
may,be |
R2820 |
T3880 |
T3864 |
conj |
be,confined |
R2821 |
T3881 |
T3880 |
prep |
due,be |
R2822 |
T3882 |
T3881 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R2823 |
T3883 |
T3881 |
pobj |
reduction,due |
R2824 |
T3884 |
T3883 |
prep |
of,reduction |
R2825 |
T3885 |
T3886 |
amod |
mitochondrial,number |
R2826 |
T3886 |
T3884 |
pobj |
number,of |
R2827 |
T3887 |
T3886 |
cc |
and,number |
R2828 |
T3888 |
T3887 |
punct |
/,and |
R2829 |
T3889 |
T3887 |
cc |
or,and |
R2830 |
T3890 |
T3886 |
conj |
function,number |
R2831 |
T3891 |
T3892 |
punct |
(,Petersen |
R2832 |
T3892 |
T3880 |
meta |
Petersen,be |
R2833 |
T3893 |
T3892 |
nmod |
et,Petersen |
R2834 |
T3894 |
T3892 |
nmod |
al.,Petersen |
R2835 |
T3895 |
T3892 |
nummod |
2003,Petersen |
R2836 |
T3896 |
T3892 |
punct |
),Petersen |
R2837 |
T3897 |
T3864 |
punct |
.,confined |
R2838 |
T3899 |
T3900 |
det |
The,ability |
R2839 |
T3900 |
T3901 |
nsubj |
ability,suggests |
R2840 |
T3902 |
T3900 |
prep |
of,ability |
R2841 |
T3903 |
T3902 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2842 |
T3904 |
T3905 |
aux |
to,stimulate |
R2843 |
T3905 |
T3900 |
acl |
stimulate,ability |
R2844 |
T3906 |
T3907 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R2845 |
T3907 |
T3905 |
dobj |
biogenesis,stimulate |
R2846 |
T3908 |
T3907 |
cc |
and,biogenesis |
R2847 |
T3909 |
T3910 |
amod |
oxidative,function |
R2848 |
T3910 |
T3907 |
conj |
function,biogenesis |
R2849 |
T3911 |
T3912 |
mark |
that,be |
R2850 |
T3912 |
T3901 |
ccomp |
be,suggests |
R2851 |
T3913 |
T3912 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,be |
R2852 |
T3914 |
T3912 |
aux |
could,be |
R2853 |
T3915 |
T3912 |
acomp |
important,be |
R2854 |
T3916 |
T3912 |
prep |
for,be |
R2855 |
T3917 |
T3916 |
pobj |
control,for |
R2856 |
T3918 |
T3917 |
prep |
of,control |
R2857 |
T3919 |
T3920 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R2858 |
T3920 |
T3918 |
pobj |
resistance,of |
R2859 |
T3921 |
T3912 |
prep |
during,be |
R2860 |
T3922 |
T3923 |
amod |
normal,aging |
R2861 |
T3923 |
T3921 |
pobj |
aging,during |
R2862 |
T3924 |
T3901 |
punct |
.,suggests |
R2863 |
T3926 |
T3927 |
advmod |
Together,indicate |
R2864 |
T3928 |
T3927 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R2865 |
T3929 |
T3930 |
det |
these,data |
R2866 |
T3930 |
T3927 |
nsubj |
data,indicate |
R2867 |
T3931 |
T3932 |
mark |
that,comprise |
R2868 |
T3932 |
T3927 |
ccomp |
comprise,indicate |
R2869 |
T3933 |
T3932 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,comprise |
R2870 |
T3934 |
T3933 |
cc |
and,PPARδ |
R2871 |
T3935 |
T3936 |
poss |
its,ligands |
R2872 |
T3936 |
T3933 |
conj |
ligands,PPARδ |
R2873 |
T3937 |
T3938 |
det |
a,switch |
R2874 |
T3938 |
T3932 |
dobj |
switch,comprise |
R2875 |
T3939 |
T3938 |
amod |
key,switch |
R2876 |
T3940 |
T3938 |
amod |
molecular,switch |
R2877 |
T3941 |
T3942 |
aux |
to,regulate |
R2878 |
T3942 |
T3938 |
advcl |
regulate,switch |
R2879 |
T3943 |
T3944 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2880 |
T3944 |
T3945 |
compound |
fiber,specification |
R2881 |
T3945 |
T3942 |
dobj |
specification,regulate |
R2882 |
T3946 |
T3945 |
punct |
", ",specification |
R2883 |
T3947 |
T3948 |
compound |
obesity,resistance |
R2884 |
T3948 |
T3945 |
conj |
resistance,specification |
R2885 |
T3949 |
T3948 |
punct |
", ",resistance |
R2886 |
T3950 |
T3951 |
compound |
insulin,sensitivity |
R2887 |
T3951 |
T3948 |
conj |
sensitivity,resistance |
R2888 |
T3952 |
T3951 |
punct |
", ",sensitivity |
R2889 |
T3953 |
T3951 |
cc |
and,sensitivity |
R2890 |
T3954 |
T3951 |
punct |
", ",sensitivity |
R2891 |
T3955 |
T3956 |
advmod |
most,surprisingly |
R2892 |
T3956 |
T3957 |
advmod |
surprisingly,endurance |
R2893 |
T3957 |
T3951 |
conj |
endurance,sensitivity |
R2894 |
T3958 |
T3957 |
punct |
", ",endurance |
R2895 |
T3959 |
T3957 |
amod |
physical,endurance |
R2896 |
T3960 |
T3927 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R2897 |
T3962 |
T3963 |
det |
This,work |
R2898 |
T3963 |
T3964 |
nsubj |
work,demonstrates |
R2899 |
T3965 |
T3966 |
mark |
that,manipulated |
R2900 |
T3966 |
T3964 |
ccomp |
manipulated,demonstrates |
R2901 |
T3967 |
T3968 |
amod |
complex,properties |
R2902 |
T3968 |
T3966 |
nsubjpass |
properties,manipulated |
R2903 |
T3969 |
T3968 |
amod |
physiologic,properties |
R2904 |
T3970 |
T3971 |
amod |
such,as |
R2905 |
T3971 |
T3968 |
prep |
as,properties |
R2906 |
T3972 |
T3971 |
pobj |
fatigue,as |
R2907 |
T3973 |
T3972 |
punct |
", ",fatigue |
R2908 |
T3974 |
T3972 |
conj |
endurance,fatigue |
R2909 |
T3975 |
T3974 |
punct |
", ",endurance |
R2910 |
T3976 |
T3974 |
cc |
and,endurance |
R2911 |
T3977 |
T3978 |
compound |
running,capacity |
R2912 |
T3978 |
T3974 |
conj |
capacity,endurance |
R2913 |
T3979 |
T3966 |
aux |
can,manipulated |
R2914 |
T3980 |
T3966 |
auxpass |
be,manipulated |
R2915 |
T3981 |
T3966 |
advmod |
genetically,manipulated |
R2916 |
T3982 |
T3964 |
punct |
.,demonstrates |
R2917 |
T4059 |
T4058 |
punct |
.,Animals |
R2918 |
T4061 |
T4062 |
det |
The,domain |
R2919 |
T4062 |
T4064 |
nsubjpass |
domain,fused |
R2920 |
T4063 |
T4062 |
compound |
transactivation,domain |
R2921 |
T4065 |
T4066 |
punct |
(,residues |
R2922 |
T4066 |
T4062 |
parataxis |
residues,domain |
R2923 |
T4067 |
T4066 |
nummod |
78,residues |
R2924 |
T4068 |
T4069 |
compound |
amino,acid |
R2925 |
T4069 |
T4066 |
compound |
acid,residues |
R2926 |
T4070 |
T4066 |
punct |
", ",residues |
R2927 |
T4071 |
T4066 |
acl |
corresponding,residues |
R2928 |
T4072 |
T4071 |
prep |
to,corresponding |
R2929 |
T4073 |
T4074 |
nmod |
residues,413 |
R2930 |
T4074 |
T4072 |
pobj |
413,to |
R2931 |
T4075 |
T4076 |
punct |
–,490 |
R2932 |
T4076 |
T4074 |
prep |
490,413 |
R2933 |
T4077 |
T4066 |
punct |
),residues |
R2934 |
T4078 |
T4062 |
prep |
of,domain |
R2935 |
T4079 |
T4078 |
pobj |
VP16,of |
R2936 |
T4080 |
T4064 |
auxpass |
was,fused |
R2937 |
T4081 |
T4064 |
prep |
in,fused |
R2938 |
T4082 |
T4081 |
pobj |
frame,in |
R2939 |
T4083 |
T4064 |
prep |
with,fused |
R2940 |
T4084 |
T4085 |
det |
the,terminus |
R2941 |
T4085 |
T4083 |
pobj |
terminus,with |
R2942 |
T4086 |
T4085 |
compound |
N,terminus |
R2943 |
T4087 |
T4085 |
punct |
-,terminus |
R2944 |
T4088 |
T4085 |
prep |
of,terminus |
R2945 |
T4089 |
T4090 |
compound |
mouse,PPARδ |
R2946 |
T4090 |
T4088 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2947 |
T4091 |
T4064 |
punct |
.,fused |
R2948 |
T4093 |
T4094 |
det |
The,cDNA |
R2949 |
T4094 |
T4099 |
nsubjpass |
cDNA,placed |
R2950 |
T4095 |
T4096 |
compound |
VP16,PPARδ |
R2951 |
T4096 |
T4094 |
compound |
PPARδ,cDNA |
R2952 |
T4097 |
T4096 |
punct |
-,PPARδ |
R2953 |
T4098 |
T4094 |
compound |
fusion,cDNA |
R2954 |
T4100 |
T4099 |
auxpass |
was,placed |
R2955 |
T4101 |
T4099 |
advmod |
downstream,placed |
R2956 |
T4102 |
T4101 |
prep |
of,downstream |
R2957 |
T4103 |
T4104 |
det |
the,promoter |
R2958 |
T4104 |
T4102 |
pobj |
promoter,of |
R2959 |
T4105 |
T4104 |
amod |
human,promoter |
R2960 |
T4106 |
T4107 |
npadvmod |
α,skeletal |
R2961 |
T4107 |
T4104 |
amod |
skeletal,promoter |
R2962 |
T4108 |
T4107 |
punct |
-,skeletal |
R2963 |
T4109 |
T4104 |
compound |
actin,promoter |
R2964 |
T4110 |
T4111 |
punct |
(,Brennan |
R2965 |
T4111 |
T4104 |
meta |
Brennan,promoter |
R2966 |
T4112 |
T4111 |
cc |
and,Brennan |
R2967 |
T4135 |
T4133 |
cc |
and,purified |
R2968 |
T4136 |
T4133 |
conj |
injected,purified |
R2969 |
T4137 |
T4136 |
prep |
into,injected |
R2970 |
T4138 |
T4139 |
nmod |
C57BL,6J |
R2971 |
T4139 |
T4141 |
nmod |
6J,zygotes |
R2972 |
T4140 |
T4139 |
punct |
/,6J |
R2973 |
T4141 |
T4137 |
pobj |
zygotes,into |
R2974 |
T4142 |
T4139 |
punct |
×,6J |
R2975 |
T4143 |
T4139 |
appos |
CBA,6J |
R2976 |
T4144 |
T4141 |
compound |
F1,zygotes |
R2977 |
T4145 |
T4133 |
punct |
.,purified |
R2978 |
T4147 |
T4148 |
amod |
Transgenic,mice |
R2979 |
T4148 |
T4149 |
nsubjpass |
mice,backcrossed |
R2980 |
T4150 |
T4149 |
auxpass |
were,backcrossed |
R2981 |
T4151 |
T4149 |
prep |
with,backcrossed |
R2982 |
T4152 |
T4153 |
compound |
C57BL,6J |
R2983 |
T4153 |
T4151 |
pobj |
6J,with |
R2984 |
T4154 |
T4153 |
punct |
/,6J |
R2985 |
T4155 |
T4149 |
prep |
for,backcrossed |
R2986 |
T4156 |
T4157 |
nummod |
two,generations |
R2987 |
T4157 |
T4155 |
pobj |
generations,for |
R2988 |
T4158 |
T4149 |
punct |
.,backcrossed |
R2989 |
T4160 |
T4161 |
amod |
Wild,type |
R2990 |
T4161 |
T4163 |
compound |
type,littermates |
R2991 |
T4162 |
T4161 |
punct |
-,type |
R2992 |
T4163 |
T4164 |
nsubjpass |
littermates,used |
R2993 |
T4165 |
T4164 |
auxpass |
were,used |
R2994 |
T4166 |
T4164 |
prep |
as,used |
R2995 |
T4167 |
T4166 |
pobj |
controls,as |
R2996 |
T4168 |
T4164 |
prep |
throughout,used |
R2997 |
T4169 |
T4170 |
det |
the,study |
R2998 |
T4170 |
T4168 |
pobj |
study,throughout |
R2999 |
T4171 |
T4164 |
punct |
.,used |
R3000 |
T4173 |
T4174 |
prep |
On,had |
R3001 |
T4175 |
T4176 |
amod |
normal,diet |
R3002 |
T4176 |
T4173 |
pobj |
diet,On |
R3003 |
T4177 |
T4176 |
compound |
chow,diet |
R3004 |
T4178 |
T4174 |
punct |
", ",had |
R3005 |
T4179 |
T4180 |
det |
the,mice |
R3006 |
T4180 |
T4174 |
nsubj |
mice,had |
R3007 |
T4181 |
T4180 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R3008 |
T4182 |
T4180 |
cc |
and,mice |
R3009 |
T4183 |
T4184 |
compound |
control,littermates |
R3010 |
T4184 |
T4180 |
conj |
littermates,mice |
R3011 |
T4185 |
T4180 |
acl |
used,mice |
R3012 |
T4186 |
T4185 |
advmod |
here,used |
R3013 |
T4187 |
T4188 |
amod |
similar,weights |
R3014 |
T4188 |
T4174 |
dobj |
weights,had |
R3015 |
T4189 |
T4188 |
compound |
body,weights |
R3016 |
T4190 |
T4174 |
punct |
.,had |
R3017 |
T4192 |
T4193 |
npadvmod |
PPARδ,null |
R3018 |
T4193 |
T4195 |
amod |
null,mice |
R3019 |
T4194 |
T4193 |
punct |
-,null |
R3020 |
T4195 |
T4196 |
nsubjpass |
mice,generated |
R3021 |
T4197 |
T4196 |
auxpass |
were,generated |
R3022 |
T4198 |
T4196 |
advmod |
previously,generated |
R3023 |
T4199 |
T4200 |
punct |
(,Barak |
R3024 |
T4200 |
T4196 |
meta |
Barak,generated |
R3025 |
T4201 |
T4200 |
nmod |
et,Barak |
R3026 |
T4202 |
T4200 |
nmod |
al.,Barak |
R3027 |
T4203 |
T4200 |
nummod |
2002,Barak |
R3028 |
T4204 |
T4200 |
punct |
),Barak |
R3029 |
T4205 |
T4196 |
punct |
.,generated |
R3030 |
T4207 |
T4208 |
nsubjpass |
Mice,fed |
R3031 |
T4209 |
T4208 |
auxpass |
were,fed |
R3032 |
T4210 |
T4211 |
preconj |
either,chow |
R3033 |
T4211 |
T4208 |
dobj |
chow,fed |
R3034 |
T4212 |
T4211 |
det |
a,chow |
R3035 |
T4213 |
T4211 |
amod |
standard,chow |
R3036 |
T4214 |
T4211 |
prep |
with,chow |
R3037 |
T4215 |
T4216 |
nummod |
4,% |
R3038 |
T4216 |
T4217 |
nmod |
%,content |
R3039 |
T4217 |
T4214 |
pobj |
content,with |
R3040 |
T4218 |
T4219 |
punct |
(,w |
R3041 |
T4219 |
T4217 |
parataxis |
w,content |
R3042 |
T4220 |
T4221 |
punct |
/,w |
R3043 |
T4221 |
T4219 |
prep |
w,w |
R3044 |
T4222 |
T4219 |
punct |
),w |
R3045 |
T4223 |
T4217 |
compound |
fat,content |
R3046 |
T4224 |
T4225 |
punct |
(,Teklad |
R3047 |
T4225 |
T4211 |
parataxis |
Teklad,chow |
R3048 |
T4226 |
T4225 |
compound |
Harlan,Teklad |
R3049 |
T4227 |
T4225 |
punct |
", ",Teklad |
R3050 |
T4228 |
T4225 |
npadvmod |
Harlan,Teklad |
R3051 |
T4229 |
T4225 |
punct |
", ",Teklad |
R3052 |
T4230 |
T4225 |
npadvmod |
Indianapolis,Teklad |
R3053 |
T4231 |
T4225 |
punct |
", ",Teklad |
R3054 |
T4232 |
T4225 |
npadvmod |
Indiana,Teklad |
R3055 |
T4233 |
T4225 |
punct |
", ",Teklad |
R3056 |
T4234 |
T4235 |
compound |
United,States |
R3057 |
T4235 |
T4225 |
npadvmod |
States,Teklad |
R3058 |
T4236 |
T4225 |
punct |
),Teklad |
R3059 |
T4237 |
T4211 |
cc |
or,chow |
R3060 |
T4238 |
T4239 |
det |
a,diet |
R3061 |
T4239 |
T4211 |
conj |
diet,chow |
R3062 |
T4240 |
T4241 |
amod |
high,fat |
R3063 |
T4241 |
T4239 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R3064 |
T4242 |
T4241 |
punct |
-,fat |
R3065 |
T4243 |
T4239 |
acl |
containing,diet |
R3066 |
T4244 |
T4245 |
nummod |
35,% |
R3067 |
T4245 |
T4246 |
nmod |
%,content |
R3068 |
T4246 |
T4243 |
dobj |
content,containing |
R3069 |
T4247 |
T4248 |
punct |
(,w |
R3070 |
T4248 |
T4246 |
parataxis |
w,content |
R3071 |
T4249 |
T4250 |
punct |
/,w |
R3072 |
T4250 |
T4248 |
prep |
w,w |
R3073 |
T4251 |
T4248 |
punct |
),w |
R3074 |
T4252 |
T4246 |
compound |
fat,content |
R3075 |
T4253 |
T4254 |
punct |
(,F3282 |
R3076 |
T4254 |
T4239 |
parataxis |
F3282,diet |
R3077 |
T4255 |
T4254 |
compound |
product,F3282 |
R3078 |
T4256 |
T4254 |
punct |
", ",F3282 |
R3079 |
T4257 |
T4254 |
npadvmod |
Bioserv,F3282 |
R3080 |
T4258 |
T4254 |
punct |
", ",F3282 |
R3081 |
T4259 |
T4254 |
npadvmod |
Frenchtown,F3282 |
R3082 |
T4260 |
T4254 |
punct |
", ",F3282 |
R3083 |
T4261 |
T4262 |
compound |
New,Jersey |
R3084 |
T4262 |
T4254 |
npadvmod |
Jersey,F3282 |
R3085 |
T4263 |
T4254 |
punct |
", ",F3282 |
R3086 |
T4264 |
T4265 |
compound |
United,States |
R3087 |
T4265 |
T4254 |
npadvmod |
States,F3282 |
R3088 |
T4266 |
T4254 |
punct |
),F3282 |
R3089 |
T4267 |
T4268 |
mark |
as,indicated |
R3090 |
T4268 |
T4208 |
advcl |
indicated,fed |
R3091 |
T4269 |
T4208 |
punct |
.,fed |
R3092 |
T4271 |
T4272 |
prep |
For,synthesized |
R3093 |
T4273 |
T4274 |
compound |
ligand,experiments |
R3094 |
T4274 |
T4271 |
pobj |
experiments,For |
R3095 |
T4275 |
T4272 |
punct |
", ",synthesized |
R3096 |
T4276 |
T4272 |
nsubj |
we,synthesized |
R3097 |
T4277 |
T4278 |
det |
the,compound |
R3098 |
T4278 |
T4272 |
dobj |
compound,synthesized |
R3099 |
T4279 |
T4278 |
compound |
GW501516,compound |
R3100 |
T4280 |
T4272 |
cc |
and,synthesized |
R3101 |
T4281 |
T4282 |
nsubjpass |
mice,gavaged |
R3102 |
T4282 |
T4272 |
conj |
gavaged,synthesized |
R3103 |
T4283 |
T4282 |
auxpass |
were,gavaged |
R3104 |
T4284 |
T4282 |
advmod |
orally,gavaged |
R3105 |
T4285 |
T4282 |
advmod |
daily,gavaged |
R3106 |
T4286 |
T4287 |
punct |
(,mg |
R3107 |
T4287 |
T4282 |
parataxis |
mg,gavaged |
R3108 |
T4288 |
T4287 |
nummod |
10,mg |
R3109 |
T4289 |
T4290 |
punct |
/,kg |
R3110 |
T4290 |
T4287 |
prep |
kg,mg |
R3111 |
T4291 |
T4287 |
cc |
or,mg |
R3112 |
T4292 |
T4287 |
conj |
vehicle,mg |
R3113 |
T4293 |
T4292 |
advmod |
alone,vehicle |
R3114 |
T4294 |
T4287 |
punct |
),mg |
R3115 |
T4295 |
T4282 |
punct |
.,gavaged |
R3116 |
T4113 |
T4111 |
conj |
Hardeman,Brennan |
R3117 |
T4114 |
T4113 |
nummod |
1993,Hardeman |
R3118 |
T4115 |
T4113 |
punct |
),Hardeman |
R3119 |
T4116 |
T4101 |
punct |
", ",downstream |
R3120 |
T4117 |
T4101 |
cc |
and,downstream |
R3121 |
T4118 |
T4101 |
conj |
upstream,downstream |
R3122 |
T4119 |
T4118 |
prep |
of,upstream |
R3123 |
T4120 |
T4121 |
det |
the,sequence |
R3124 |
T4121 |
T4119 |
pobj |
sequence,of |
R3125 |
T4122 |
T4123 |
nmod |
SV40,intron |
R3126 |
T4123 |
T4121 |
nmod |
intron,sequence |
R3127 |
T4124 |
T4123 |
punct |
/,intron |
R3128 |
T4125 |
T4126 |
nmod |
poly,A |
R3129 |
T4126 |
T4123 |
appos |
A,intron |
R3130 |
T4127 |
T4126 |
punct |
(,A |
R3131 |
T4128 |
T4126 |
punct |
),A |
R3132 |
T4129 |
T4099 |
punct |
.,placed |
R3133 |
T4131 |
T4132 |
det |
The,transgene |
R3134 |
T4132 |
T4133 |
nsubjpass |
transgene,purified |
R3135 |
T4134 |
T4133 |
auxpass |
was,purified |
R3136 |
T4318 |
T4319 |
compound |
Gene,expression |
R3137 |
T4319 |
T4320 |
compound |
expression,analysis |
R3138 |
T4321 |
T4320 |
cc |
and,analysis |
R3139 |
T4322 |
T4323 |
amod |
physiological,studies |
R3140 |
T4323 |
T4320 |
conj |
studies,analysis |
R3141 |
T4325 |
T4326 |
compound |
Mouse,clones |
R3142 |
T4326 |
T4328 |
nsubjpass |
clones,obtained |
R3143 |
T4327 |
T4326 |
compound |
EST,clones |
R3144 |
T4329 |
T4328 |
auxpass |
were,obtained |
R3145 |
T4330 |
T4328 |
prep |
from,obtained |
R3146 |
T4331 |
T4330 |
pobj |
ATCC,from |
R3147 |
T4332 |
T4333 |
punct |
(,Manassas |
R3148 |
T4333 |
T4331 |
parataxis |
Manassas,ATCC |
R3149 |
T4334 |
T4333 |
punct |
", ",Manassas |
R3150 |
T4335 |
T4333 |
npadvmod |
Virginia,Manassas |
R3151 |
T4336 |
T4333 |
punct |
", ",Manassas |
R3152 |
T4337 |
T4338 |
compound |
United,States |
R3153 |
T4338 |
T4333 |
npadvmod |
States,Manassas |
R3154 |
T4339 |
T4333 |
punct |
),Manassas |
R3155 |
T4340 |
T4328 |
punct |
", ",obtained |
R3156 |
T4341 |
T4328 |
conj |
verified,obtained |
R3157 |
T4342 |
T4341 |
prep |
by,verified |
R3158 |
T4343 |
T4342 |
pobj |
sequencing,by |
R3159 |
T4344 |
T4341 |
punct |
", ",verified |
R3160 |
T4345 |
T4341 |
cc |
and,verified |
R3161 |
T4346 |
T4341 |
conj |
used,verified |
R3162 |
T4347 |
T4346 |
prep |
as,used |
R3163 |
T4348 |
T4349 |
compound |
Northern,probes |
R3164 |
T4349 |
T4347 |
pobj |
probes,as |
R3165 |
T4350 |
T4328 |
punct |
.,obtained |
R3166 |
T4352 |
T4353 |
nsubjpass |
Antibodies,obtained |
R3167 |
T4354 |
T4353 |
auxpass |
were,obtained |
R3168 |
T4355 |
T4353 |
prep |
from,obtained |
R3169 |
T4356 |
T4357 |
compound |
Santa,Cruz |
R3170 |
T4357 |
T4358 |
compound |
Cruz,Biotechnology |
R3171 |
T4358 |
T4355 |
pobj |
Biotechnology,from |
R3172 |
T4359 |
T4358 |
punct |
(,Biotechnology |
R3173 |
T4360 |
T4361 |
compound |
Santa,Cruz |
R3174 |
T4361 |
T4358 |
npadvmod |
Cruz,Biotechnology |
R3175 |
T4362 |
T4358 |
punct |
", ",Biotechnology |
R3176 |
T4363 |
T4358 |
npadvmod |
California,Biotechnology |
R3177 |
T4364 |
T4358 |
punct |
", ",Biotechnology |
R3178 |
T4365 |
T4366 |
compound |
United,States |
R3179 |
T4366 |
T4358 |
npadvmod |
States,Biotechnology |
R3180 |
T4367 |
T4358 |
punct |
),Biotechnology |
R3181 |
T4368 |
T4353 |
punct |
.,obtained |
R3182 |
T4370 |
T4371 |
amod |
Total,extracts |
R3183 |
T4371 |
T4374 |
nsubjpass |
extracts,prepared |
R3184 |
T4372 |
T4373 |
compound |
muscle,protein |
R3185 |
T4373 |
T4371 |
compound |
protein,extracts |
R3186 |
T4375 |
T4376 |
punct |
(,Lin |
R3187 |
T4376 |
T4371 |
meta |
Lin,extracts |
R3188 |
T4377 |
T4376 |
nmod |
et,Lin |
R3189 |
T4378 |
T4376 |
nmod |
al.,Lin |
R3190 |
T4379 |
T4376 |
nummod |
2002,Lin |
R3191 |
T4380 |
T4376 |
punct |
),Lin |
R3192 |
T4381 |
T4371 |
cc |
and,extracts |
R3193 |
T4382 |
T4383 |
amod |
nuclear,proteins |
R3194 |
T4383 |
T4371 |
conj |
proteins,extracts |
R3195 |
T4384 |
T4385 |
punct |
(,Wang |
R3196 |
T4385 |
T4383 |
meta |
Wang,proteins |
R3197 |
T4386 |
T4385 |
nmod |
et,Wang |
R3198 |
T4387 |
T4385 |
nmod |
al.,Wang |
R3199 |
T4388 |
T4385 |
nummod |
2003,Wang |
R3200 |
T4389 |
T4385 |
punct |
),Wang |
R3201 |
T4390 |
T4374 |
auxpass |
were,prepared |
R3202 |
T4391 |
T4392 |
mark |
as,described |
R3203 |
T4392 |
T4374 |
advcl |
described,prepared |
R3204 |
T4393 |
T4374 |
punct |
.,prepared |
R3205 |
T4395 |
T4396 |
amod |
Prior,to |
R3206 |
T4396 |
T4397 |
prep |
to,accustomed |
R3207 |
T4398 |
T4399 |
det |
the,test |
R3208 |
T4399 |
T4396 |
pobj |
test,to |
R3209 |
T4400 |
T4399 |
compound |
exercise,test |
R3210 |
T4401 |
T4399 |
compound |
performance,test |
R3211 |
T4402 |
T4397 |
punct |
", ",accustomed |
R3212 |
T4403 |
T4404 |
det |
the,mice |
R3213 |
T4404 |
T4397 |
nsubjpass |
mice,accustomed |
R3214 |
T4405 |
T4397 |
auxpass |
were,accustomed |
R3215 |
T4406 |
T4397 |
prep |
to,accustomed |
R3216 |
T4407 |
T4408 |
det |
the,treadmill |
R3217 |
T4408 |
T4406 |
pobj |
treadmill,to |
R3218 |
T4409 |
T4410 |
punct |
(,Instruments |
R3219 |
T4410 |
T4408 |
parataxis |
Instruments,treadmill |
R3220 |
T4411 |
T4410 |
compound |
Columbus,Instruments |
R3221 |
T4412 |
T4410 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R3222 |
T4413 |
T4410 |
npadvmod |
Columbus,Instruments |
R3223 |
T4414 |
T4410 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R3224 |
T4415 |
T4410 |
npadvmod |
Ohio,Instruments |
R3225 |
T4416 |
T4410 |
punct |
", ",Instruments |
R3226 |
T4417 |
T4418 |
compound |
United,States |
R3227 |
T4418 |
T4410 |
npadvmod |
States,Instruments |
R3228 |
T4419 |
T4410 |
punct |
),Instruments |
R3229 |
T4420 |
T4397 |
prep |
with,accustomed |
R3230 |
T4421 |
T4422 |
det |
a,run |
R3231 |
T4422 |
T4420 |
pobj |
run,with |
R3232 |
T4423 |
T4424 |
nummod |
5,min |
R3233 |
T4424 |
T4422 |
compound |
min,run |
R3234 |
T4425 |
T4424 |
punct |
-,min |
R3235 |
T4426 |
T4422 |
prep |
at,run |
R3236 |
T4427 |
T4428 |
nummod |
7,m |
R3237 |
T4428 |
T4426 |
pobj |
m,at |
R3238 |
T4429 |
T4430 |
punct |
/,min |
R3239 |
T4430 |
T4428 |
prep |
min,m |
R3240 |
T4431 |
T4397 |
npadvmod |
once,accustomed |
R3241 |
T4432 |
T4431 |
prep |
per,once |
R3242 |
T4433 |
T4432 |
pobj |
day,per |
R3243 |
T4434 |
T4397 |
prep |
for,accustomed |
R3244 |
T4435 |
T4436 |
nummod |
2,d |
R3245 |
T4436 |
T4434 |
pobj |
d,for |
R3246 |
T4437 |
T4397 |
punct |
.,accustomed |
R3247 |
T4439 |
T4440 |
det |
The,regimen |
R3248 |
T4440 |
T4443 |
nsubj |
regimen,was |
R3249 |
T4441 |
T4440 |
compound |
exercise,regimen |
R3250 |
T4442 |
T4440 |
compound |
test,regimen |
R3251 |
T4444 |
T4445 |
nummod |
10,m |
R3252 |
T4445 |
T4443 |
attr |
m,was |
R3253 |
T4446 |
T4447 |
punct |
/,min |
R3254 |
T4447 |
T4445 |
prep |
min,m |
R3255 |
T4448 |
T4443 |
prep |
for,was |
R3256 |
T4449 |
T4450 |
det |
the,min |
R3257 |
T4450 |
T4448 |
pobj |
min,for |
R3258 |
T4451 |
T4450 |
amod |
first,min |
R3259 |
T4452 |
T4450 |
nummod |
60,min |
R3260 |
T4453 |
T4443 |
punct |
", ",was |
R3261 |
T4454 |
T4443 |
prep |
followed,was |
R3262 |
T4455 |
T4454 |
prep |
by,followed |
R3263 |
T4456 |
T4457 |
nummod |
1,m |
R3264 |
T4457 |
T4458 |
nmod |
m,increment |
R3265 |
T4458 |
T4455 |
pobj |
increment,by |
R3266 |
T4459 |
T4460 |
punct |
/,min |
R3267 |
T4460 |
T4457 |
prep |
min,m |
R3268 |
T4461 |
T4458 |
nmod |
increases,increment |
R3269 |
T4462 |
T4458 |
prep |
at,increment |
R3270 |
T4463 |
T4464 |
nummod |
15,min |
R3271 |
T4464 |
T4466 |
compound |
min,intervals |
R3272 |
T4465 |
T4464 |
punct |
-,min |
R3273 |
T4466 |
T4462 |
pobj |
intervals,at |
R3274 |
T4467 |
T4443 |
punct |
.,was |
R3275 |
T4469 |
T4470 |
nsubjpass |
Exhaustion,defined |
R3276 |
T4471 |
T4470 |
auxpass |
was,defined |
R3277 |
T4472 |
T4473 |
advmod |
when,were |
R3278 |
T4473 |
T4470 |
advcl |
were,defined |
R3279 |
T4474 |
T4473 |
nsubj |
mice,were |
R3280 |
T4475 |
T4473 |
acomp |
unable,were |
R3281 |
T4476 |
T4477 |
aux |
to,avoid |
R3282 |
T4477 |
T4475 |
xcomp |
avoid,unable |
R3283 |
T4478 |
T4479 |
amod |
repetitive,shocks |
R3284 |
T4479 |
T4477 |
dobj |
shocks,avoid |
R3285 |
T4480 |
T4479 |
amod |
electrical,shocks |
R3286 |
T4481 |
T4470 |
punct |
.,defined |
R3287 |
T4506 |
T4507 |
compound |
Muscle,fiber |
R3288 |
T4507 |
T4508 |
compound |
fiber,typing |
R3289 |
T4509 |
T4508 |
cc |
and,typing |
R3290 |
T4510 |
T4511 |
amod |
mitochondrial,DNA |
R3291 |
T4511 |
T4512 |
compound |
DNA,isolation |
R3292 |
T4512 |
T4508 |
conj |
isolation,typing |
R3293 |
T4514 |
T4515 |
compound |
Muscle,fiber |
R3294 |
T4515 |
T4516 |
compound |
fiber,typing |
R3295 |
T4516 |
T4517 |
nsubjpass |
typing,performed |
R3296 |
T4518 |
T4517 |
auxpass |
was,performed |
R3297 |
T4519 |
T4517 |
advmod |
essentially,performed |
R3298 |
T4520 |
T4517 |
advcl |
using,performed |
R3299 |
T4521 |
T4522 |
amod |
metachromatic,dye |
R3300 |
T4522 |
T4523 |
nmod |
dye,methods |
R3301 |
T4523 |
T4520 |
dobj |
methods,using |
R3302 |
T4524 |
T4522 |
punct |
–,dye |
R3303 |
T4525 |
T4522 |
appos |
ATPase,dye |
R3304 |
T4526 |
T4527 |
mark |
as,described |
R3305 |
T4527 |
T4517 |
advcl |
described,performed |
R3306 |
T4528 |
T4529 |
punct |
(,Ogilvie |
R3307 |
T4529 |
T4527 |
meta |
Ogilvie,described |
R3308 |
T4530 |
T4529 |
cc |
and,Ogilvie |
R3309 |
T4531 |
T4529 |
conj |
Feeback,Ogilvie |
R3310 |
T4532 |
T4531 |
nummod |
1990,Feeback |
R3311 |
T4533 |
T4531 |
punct |
),Feeback |
R3312 |
T4534 |
T4517 |
punct |
.,performed |
R3313 |
T4536 |
T4537 |
compound |
Muscle,mitochondria |
R3314 |
T4537 |
T4538 |
nsubjpass |
mitochondria,isolated |
R3315 |
T4539 |
T4538 |
auxpass |
were,isolated |
R3316 |
T4540 |
T4541 |
punct |
(,Scholte |
R3317 |
T4541 |
T4538 |
meta |
Scholte,isolated |
R3318 |
T4542 |
T4541 |
nmod |
et,Scholte |
R3319 |
T4543 |
T4541 |
nmod |
al.,Scholte |
R3320 |
T4544 |
T4541 |
nummod |
1997,Scholte |
R3321 |
T4545 |
T4541 |
punct |
),Scholte |
R3322 |
T4546 |
T4538 |
punct |
.,isolated |
R3323 |
T4548 |
T4549 |
amod |
Mitochondrial,DNA |
R3324 |
T4549 |
T4550 |
nsubjpass |
DNA,prepared |
R3325 |
T4551 |
T4550 |
auxpass |
was,prepared |
R3326 |
T4552 |
T4550 |
cc |
and,prepared |
R3327 |
T4553 |
T4550 |
conj |
analyzed,prepared |
R3328 |
T4554 |
T4553 |
prep |
on,analyzed |
R3329 |
T4555 |
T4556 |
nummod |
1,% |
R3330 |
T4556 |
T4557 |
compound |
%,gel |
R3331 |
T4557 |
T4554 |
pobj |
gel,on |
R3332 |
T4558 |
T4557 |
compound |
agarose,gel |
R3333 |
T4559 |
T4550 |
punct |
.,prepared |
R3367 |
T4602 |
T4603 |
compound |
p,values |
R3368 |
T4603 |
T4601 |
dobj |
values,calculate |
R3369 |
T4604 |
T4603 |
punct |
-,values |
R3370 |
T4605 |
T4598 |
punct |
.,used |
R3371 |
T4688 |
T4687 |
prep |
of,Expression |
R3372 |
T4689 |
T4690 |
amod |
Endogenous,Transgene |
R3373 |
T4690 |
T4688 |
pobj |
Transgene,of |
R3374 |
T4691 |
T4690 |
nmod |
PPARδ,Transgene |
R3375 |
T4692 |
T4691 |
cc |
and,PPARδ |
R3376 |
T4693 |
T4694 |
compound |
VP16,PPARδ |
R3377 |
T4694 |
T4691 |
conj |
PPARδ,PPARδ |
R3378 |
T4695 |
T4694 |
punct |
-,PPARδ |
R3379 |
T4696 |
T4687 |
prep |
in,Expression |
R3380 |
T4697 |
T4696 |
pobj |
Muscle,in |
R3381 |
T4699 |
T4700 |
punct |
(,A |
R3382 |
T4700 |
T4701 |
meta |
A,hybridized |
R3383 |
T4702 |
T4700 |
punct |
),A |
R3384 |
T4703 |
T4704 |
amod |
Pooled,RNA |
R3385 |
T4704 |
T4701 |
nsubjpass |
RNA,hybridized |
R3386 |
T4705 |
T4704 |
acl |
isolated,RNA |
R3387 |
T4706 |
T4705 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R3388 |
T4707 |
T4708 |
amod |
various,muscles |
R3389 |
T4708 |
T4706 |
pobj |
muscles,from |
R3390 |
T4709 |
T4708 |
prep |
of,muscles |
R3391 |
T4710 |
T4711 |
nummod |
five,mice |
R3392 |
T4711 |
T4709 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R3393 |
T4712 |
T4713 |
amod |
wild,type |
R3394 |
T4713 |
T4711 |
nmod |
type,mice |
R3395 |
T4714 |
T4713 |
punct |
-,type |
R3396 |
T4715 |
T4711 |
amod |
male,mice |
R3397 |
T4716 |
T4711 |
compound |
C57B6,mice |
R3398 |
T4717 |
T4701 |
auxpass |
was,hybridized |
R3399 |
T4718 |
T4701 |
prep |
with,hybridized |
R3400 |
T4719 |
T4720 |
amod |
indicated,probes |
R3401 |
T4720 |
T4718 |
pobj |
probes,with |
R3402 |
T4721 |
T4701 |
punct |
.,hybridized |
R3403 |
T4724 |
T4723 |
punct |
", ",EDL |
R3404 |
T4725 |
T4726 |
compound |
extensor,longus |
R3405 |
T4726 |
T4723 |
appos |
longus,EDL |
R3406 |
T4727 |
T4726 |
compound |
digitorum,longus |
R3407 |
T4728 |
T4723 |
punct |
;,EDL |
R3408 |
T4729 |
T4723 |
appos |
Gastro,EDL |
R3409 |
T4730 |
T4729 |
punct |
", ",Gastro |
R3410 |
T4731 |
T4729 |
appos |
gastrocnemius,Gastro |
R3411 |
T4732 |
T4723 |
punct |
.,EDL |
R3412 |
T4734 |
T4735 |
punct |
(,B |
R3413 |
T4735 |
T4736 |
meta |
B,probed |
R3414 |
T4737 |
T4735 |
punct |
),B |
R3415 |
T4738 |
T4739 |
amod |
Pooled,proteins |
R3416 |
T4739 |
T4736 |
nsubjpass |
proteins,probed |
R3417 |
T4740 |
T4739 |
amod |
nuclear,proteins |
R3418 |
T4741 |
T4742 |
punct |
(,μg |
R3419 |
T4742 |
T4739 |
parataxis |
μg,proteins |
R3420 |
T4743 |
T4742 |
nummod |
15,μg |
R3421 |
T4744 |
T4745 |
punct |
/,lane |
R3422 |
T4745 |
T4742 |
prep |
lane,μg |
R3423 |
T4746 |
T4742 |
punct |
),μg |
R3424 |
T4747 |
T4739 |
acl |
isolated,proteins |
R3425 |
T4748 |
T4747 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R3426 |
T4749 |
T4748 |
pobj |
muscles,from |
R3427 |
T4750 |
T4749 |
prep |
of,muscles |
R3428 |
T4751 |
T4752 |
nummod |
five,C57B6 |
R3429 |
T4752 |
T4750 |
pobj |
C57B6,of |
R3430 |
T4753 |
T4754 |
amod |
wild,type |
R3431 |
T4754 |
T4752 |
nmod |
type,C57B6 |
R3432 |
T4755 |
T4754 |
punct |
-,type |
R3433 |
T4756 |
T4752 |
amod |
male,C57B6 |
R3434 |
T4757 |
T4736 |
auxpass |
were,probed |
R3435 |
T4758 |
T4736 |
prep |
with,probed |
R3436 |
T4759 |
T4760 |
amod |
anti-PPARδ,antibody |
R3437 |
T4760 |
T4758 |
pobj |
antibody,with |
R3438 |
T4761 |
T4736 |
punct |
.,probed |
R3439 |
T4763 |
T4764 |
compound |
RNA,polymerase |
R3440 |
T4764 |
T4765 |
nsubjpass |
polymerase,shown |
R3441 |
T4766 |
T4764 |
nummod |
II,polymerase |
R3442 |
T4767 |
T4764 |
punct |
(,polymerase |
R3443 |
T4768 |
T4764 |
appos |
Pol,polymerase |
R3444 |
T4769 |
T4768 |
nummod |
II,Pol |
R3445 |
T4770 |
T4764 |
punct |
),polymerase |
R3446 |
T4771 |
T4765 |
auxpass |
is,shown |
R3447 |
T4772 |
T4765 |
prep |
as,shown |
R3448 |
T4773 |
T4774 |
det |
a,control |
R3449 |
T4774 |
T4772 |
pobj |
control,as |
R3450 |
T4775 |
T4774 |
compound |
loading,control |
R3451 |
T4776 |
T4765 |
punct |
.,shown |
R3452 |
T4778 |
T4779 |
punct |
(,C |
R3453 |
T4779 |
T4780 |
meta |
C,Expression |
R3454 |
T4781 |
T4779 |
punct |
),C |
R3455 |
T4782 |
T4780 |
prep |
of,Expression |
R3456 |
T4783 |
T4784 |
det |
the,transgene |
R3457 |
T4784 |
T4782 |
pobj |
transgene,of |
R3458 |
T4785 |
T4786 |
compound |
VP16,PPARδ |
R3459 |
T4786 |
T4784 |
compound |
PPARδ,transgene |
R3460 |
T4787 |
T4786 |
punct |
-,PPARδ |
R3461 |
T4788 |
T4780 |
prep |
in,Expression |
R3462 |
T4789 |
T4790 |
amod |
various,tissues |
R3463 |
T4790 |
T4788 |
pobj |
tissues,in |
R3464 |
T4791 |
T4780 |
punct |
.,Expression |
R3465 |
T4793 |
T4794 |
nummod |
10,μg |
R3466 |
T4794 |
T4795 |
nsubjpass |
μg,hybridized |
R3467 |
T4796 |
T4794 |
prep |
of,μg |
R3468 |
T4797 |
T4798 |
amod |
total,RNA |
R3469 |
T4798 |
T4796 |
pobj |
RNA,of |
R3470 |
T4799 |
T4798 |
prep |
from,RNA |
R3471 |
T4800 |
T4801 |
det |
each,tissue |
R3472 |
T4801 |
T4799 |
pobj |
tissue,from |
R3473 |
T4802 |
T4795 |
auxpass |
was,hybridized |
R3474 |
T4803 |
T4795 |
prep |
with,hybridized |
R3475 |
T4804 |
T4805 |
det |
a,probe |
R3476 |
T4805 |
T4803 |
pobj |
probe,with |
R3477 |
T4806 |
T4807 |
compound |
VP16,cDNA |
R3478 |
T4807 |
T4805 |
compound |
cDNA,probe |
R3479 |
T4808 |
T4795 |
punct |
.,hybridized |
R3480 |
T4810 |
T4811 |
compound |
Gastrocnemius,muscle |
R3481 |
T4811 |
T4812 |
nsubjpass |
muscle,used |
R3482 |
T4813 |
T4812 |
auxpass |
was,used |
R3483 |
T4814 |
T4812 |
advmod |
here,used |
R3484 |
T4815 |
T4812 |
punct |
.,used |
R3485 |
T4817 |
T4818 |
punct |
(,D |
R3486 |
T4818 |
T4819 |
meta |
D,probed |
R3487 |
T4820 |
T4818 |
punct |
),D |
R3488 |
T4821 |
T4822 |
amod |
Nuclear,proteins |
R3489 |
T4822 |
T4819 |
nsubjpass |
proteins,probed |
R3490 |
T4823 |
T4824 |
punct |
(,μg |
R3491 |
T4824 |
T4822 |
parataxis |
μg,proteins |
R3492 |
T4825 |
T4824 |
nummod |
15,μg |
R3493 |
T4826 |
T4827 |
punct |
/,lane |
R3494 |
T4827 |
T4824 |
prep |
lane,μg |
R3495 |
T4828 |
T4824 |
punct |
),μg |
R3496 |
T4829 |
T4822 |
acl |
isolated,proteins |
R3497 |
T4830 |
T4829 |
prep |
from,isolated |
R3498 |
T4831 |
T4832 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R3499 |
T4832 |
T4830 |
pobj |
muscle,from |
R3500 |
T4833 |
T4832 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R3501 |
T4834 |
T4835 |
det |
the,mice |
R3502 |
T4835 |
T4833 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R3503 |
T4836 |
T4835 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R3504 |
T4837 |
T4838 |
punct |
(,TG |
R3505 |
T4838 |
T4835 |
parataxis |
TG,mice |
R3506 |
T4839 |
T4838 |
punct |
),TG |
R3507 |
T4840 |
T4835 |
cc |
and,mice |
R3508 |
T4841 |
T4842 |
det |
the,littermates |
R3509 |
T4842 |
T4835 |
conj |
littermates,mice |
R3510 |
T4843 |
T4844 |
amod |
wild,type |
R3511 |
T4844 |
T4842 |
compound |
type,littermates |
R3512 |
T4845 |
T4844 |
punct |
-,type |
R3513 |
T4846 |
T4847 |
punct |
(,WT |
R3514 |
T4847 |
T4842 |
parataxis |
WT,littermates |
R3515 |
T4848 |
T4847 |
punct |
),WT |
R3516 |
T4849 |
T4819 |
auxpass |
were,probed |
R3517 |
T4850 |
T4819 |
prep |
with,probed |
R3518 |
T4851 |
T4852 |
amod |
indicated,antibodies |
R3519 |
T4852 |
T4850 |
pobj |
antibodies,with |
R3520 |
T4853 |
T4819 |
punct |
.,probed |
R3521 |
T4855 |
T4856 |
det |
The,band |
R3522 |
T4856 |
T4860 |
nsubj |
band,serves |
R3523 |
T4857 |
T4856 |
amod |
upper,band |
R3524 |
T4858 |
T4856 |
punct |
", ",band |
R3525 |
T4859 |
T4856 |
amod |
nonspecific,band |
R3526 |
T4861 |
T4862 |
dep |
that,cross-reacted |
R3527 |
T4862 |
T4856 |
relcl |
cross-reacted,band |
R3528 |
T4863 |
T4862 |
prep |
with,cross-reacted |
R3529 |
T4864 |
T4865 |
det |
the,antibody |
R3530 |
T4865 |
T4863 |
pobj |
antibody,with |
R3531 |
T4866 |
T4865 |
amod |
anti-PPARδ,antibody |
R3532 |
T4867 |
T4868 |
det |
a,control |
R3533 |
T4868 |
T4860 |
dobj |
control,serves |
R3534 |
T4869 |
T4868 |
compound |
loading,control |
R3535 |
T4870 |
T4860 |
punct |
.,serves |
R3536 |
T4894 |
T4895 |
amod |
Increased,Fibers |
R3537 |
T4896 |
T4895 |
amod |
Oxidative,Fibers |
R3538 |
T4897 |
T4895 |
nmod |
Type,Fibers |
R3539 |
T4898 |
T4897 |
nummod |
I,Type |
R3540 |
T4899 |
T4895 |
prep |
in,Fibers |
R3541 |
T4900 |
T4901 |
det |
the,Mice |
R3542 |
T4901 |
T4899 |
pobj |
Mice,in |
R3543 |
T4902 |
T4901 |
amod |
Transgenic,Mice |
R3544 |
T4904 |
T4905 |
punct |
(,A |
R3545 |
T4905 |
T4906 |
meta |
A,are |
R3546 |
T4907 |
T4905 |
cc |
and,A |
R3547 |
T4908 |
T4905 |
conj |
B,A |
R3548 |
T4909 |
T4908 |
punct |
),B |
R3549 |
T4910 |
T4906 |
nsubj |
Muscles,are |
R3550 |
T4911 |
T4910 |
prep |
in,Muscles |
R3551 |
T4912 |
T4913 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R3552 |
T4913 |
T4911 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R3553 |
T4914 |
T4915 |
punct |
(,TG |
R3554 |
T4915 |
T4913 |
parataxis |
TG,mice |
R3555 |
T4916 |
T4915 |
punct |
),TG |
R3556 |
T4917 |
T4906 |
acomp |
redder,are |
R3557 |
T4918 |
T4917 |
prep |
than,redder |
R3558 |
T4919 |
T4918 |
pobj |
those,than |
R3559 |
T4920 |
T4919 |
prep |
in,those |
R3560 |
T4921 |
T4922 |
amod |
wild,type |
R3561 |
T4922 |
T4924 |
compound |
type,mice |
R3562 |
T4923 |
T4922 |
punct |
-,type |
R3563 |
T4924 |
T4920 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R3564 |
T4925 |
T4926 |
punct |
(,WT |
R3565 |
T4926 |
T4924 |
parataxis |
WT,mice |
R3566 |
T4927 |
T4926 |
punct |
),WT |
R3567 |
T4928 |
T4906 |
punct |
.,are |
R3568 |
T4930 |
T4931 |
punct |
(,C |
R3569 |
T4931 |
T4932 |
meta |
C,staining |
R3570 |
T4933 |
T4931 |
punct |
),C |
R3571 |
T4934 |
T4932 |
amod |
Metachromatic,staining |
R3572 |
T4935 |
T4932 |
prep |
of,staining |
R3573 |
T4936 |
T4937 |
det |
the,muscle |
R3574 |
T4937 |
T4935 |
pobj |
muscle,of |
R3575 |
T4938 |
T4937 |
nmod |
type,muscle |
R3576 |
T4939 |
T4938 |
nummod |
II,type |
R3577 |
T4940 |
T4937 |
compound |
plantaris,muscle |
R3578 |
T4941 |
T4932 |
punct |
.,staining |
R3579 |
T4943 |
T4944 |
nmod |
Type,fibers |
R3580 |
T4944 |
T4946 |
nsubjpass |
fibers,stained |
R3581 |
T4945 |
T4943 |
nummod |
I,Type |
R3582 |
T4947 |
T4946 |
auxpass |
are,stained |
R3583 |
T4948 |
T4949 |
advmod |
dark,blue |
R3584 |
T4949 |
T4946 |
oprd |
blue,stained |
R3585 |
T4950 |
T4946 |
punct |
.,stained |
R3586 |
T5034 |
T5035 |
nsubj |
Activation,Induces |
R3587 |
T5036 |
T5034 |
prep |
of,Activation |
R3588 |
T5037 |
T5036 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R3589 |
T5038 |
T5035 |
dobj |
Genes,Induces |
R3590 |
T5039 |
T5038 |
amod |
Typical,Genes |
R3591 |
T5040 |
T5039 |
prep |
for,Typical |
R3592 |
T5041 |
T5042 |
nmod |
Type,Fibers |
R3593 |
T5042 |
T5040 |
pobj |
Fibers,for |
R3594 |
T5043 |
T5041 |
nummod |
I,Type |
R3595 |
T5044 |
T5035 |
cc |
and,Induces |
R3596 |
T5045 |
T5035 |
conj |
Promotes,Induces |
R3597 |
T5046 |
T5047 |
amod |
Mitochondrial,Biogenesis |
R3598 |
T5047 |
T5045 |
dobj |
Biogenesis,Promotes |
R3599 |
T5049 |
T5050 |
punct |
(,A |
R3600 |
T5050 |
T5051 |
meta |
A,probed |
R3601 |
T5052 |
T5050 |
punct |
),A |
R3602 |
T5053 |
T5054 |
amod |
Total,RNA |
R3603 |
T5054 |
T5051 |
nsubjpass |
RNA,probed |
R3604 |
T5055 |
T5056 |
punct |
(,μg |
R3605 |
T5056 |
T5054 |
parataxis |
μg,RNA |
R3606 |
T5057 |
T5056 |
nummod |
10,μg |
R3607 |
T5058 |
T5059 |
punct |
/,lane |
R3608 |
T5059 |
T5056 |
prep |
lane,μg |
R3609 |
T5060 |
T5056 |
punct |
),μg |
R3610 |
T5061 |
T5054 |
acl |
prepared,RNA |
R3611 |
T5062 |
T5061 |
prep |
from,prepared |
R3612 |
T5063 |
T5064 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R3613 |
T5064 |
T5062 |
pobj |
muscle,from |
R3614 |
T5065 |
T5064 |
prep |
of,muscle |
R3615 |
T5066 |
T5067 |
amod |
transgenic,littermates |
R3616 |
T5067 |
T5065 |
pobj |
littermates,of |
R3617 |
T5068 |
T5069 |
punct |
(,TG |
R3618 |
T5069 |
T5066 |
parataxis |
TG,transgenic |
R3619 |
T5070 |
T5069 |
punct |
),TG |
R3620 |
T5071 |
T5066 |
cc |
and,transgenic |
R3621 |
T5072 |
T5073 |
amod |
wild,type |
R3622 |
T5073 |
T5066 |
conj |
type,transgenic |
R3623 |
T5074 |
T5073 |
punct |
-,type |
R3624 |
T5075 |
T5076 |
punct |
(,WT |
R3625 |
T5076 |
T5073 |
parataxis |
WT,type |
R3626 |
T5077 |
T5076 |
punct |
),WT |
R3627 |
T5078 |
T5051 |
auxpass |
was,probed |
R3628 |
T5079 |
T5051 |
prep |
with,probed |
R3629 |
T5080 |
T5081 |
amod |
indicated,probes |
R3630 |
T5081 |
T5079 |
pobj |
probes,with |
R3631 |
T5082 |
T5051 |
punct |
.,probed |
R3632 |
T5084 |
T5085 |
det |
The,increase |
R3633 |
T5085 |
T5087 |
nsubjpass |
increase,shown |
R3634 |
T5086 |
T5085 |
amod |
fold,increase |
R3635 |
T5088 |
T5085 |
prep |
of,increase |
R3636 |
T5089 |
T5088 |
pobj |
induction,of |
R3637 |
T5090 |
T5089 |
prep |
of,induction |
R3638 |
T5091 |
T5092 |
det |
each,gene |
R3639 |
T5092 |
T5090 |
pobj |
gene,of |
R3640 |
T5093 |
T5087 |
auxpass |
is,shown |
R3641 |
T5094 |
T5087 |
punct |
.,shown |
R3642 |
T5096 |
T5097 |
punct |
(,B |
R3643 |
T5097 |
T5098 |
meta |
B,digested |
R3644 |
T5099 |
T5097 |
punct |
),B |
R3645 |
T5100 |
T5101 |
amod |
Total,DNA |
R3646 |
T5101 |
T5098 |
nsubjpass |
DNA,digested |
R3647 |
T5102 |
T5101 |
amod |
genomic,DNA |
R3648 |
T5103 |
T5104 |
punct |
(,μg |
R3649 |
T5104 |
T5101 |
parataxis |
μg,DNA |
R3650 |
T5105 |
T5104 |
nummod |
10,μg |
R3651 |
T5106 |
T5107 |
punct |
/,lane |
R3652 |
T5107 |
T5104 |
prep |
lane,μg |
R3653 |
T5108 |
T5104 |
punct |
),μg |
R3654 |
T5109 |
T5101 |
acl |
prepared,DNA |
R3655 |
T5110 |
T5109 |
prep |
from,prepared |
R3656 |
T5111 |
T5112 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R3657 |
T5112 |
T5110 |
pobj |
muscle,from |
R3658 |
T5113 |
T5098 |
auxpass |
was,digested |
R3659 |
T5114 |
T5098 |
prep |
with,digested |
R3660 |
T5115 |
T5114 |
pobj |
Nco1,with |
R3661 |
T5116 |
T5098 |
cc |
and,digested |
R3662 |
T5117 |
T5098 |
conj |
subjected,digested |
R3663 |
T5118 |
T5117 |
prep |
to,subjected |
R3664 |
T5119 |
T5120 |
compound |
Southern,analysis |
R3665 |
T5120 |
T5118 |
pobj |
analysis,to |
R3666 |
T5121 |
T5117 |
prep |
with,subjected |
R3667 |
T5122 |
T5123 |
nmod |
COXII,probes |
R3668 |
T5123 |
T5121 |
pobj |
probes,with |
R3669 |
T5124 |
T5125 |
punct |
(,encoded |
R3670 |
T5125 |
T5122 |
parataxis |
encoded,COXII |
R3671 |
T5126 |
T5127 |
amod |
mitochondrial,genome |
R3672 |
T5127 |
T5125 |
npadvmod |
genome,encoded |
R3673 |
T5128 |
T5125 |
punct |
–,encoded |
R3674 |
T5129 |
T5125 |
punct |
),encoded |
R3675 |
T5130 |
T5122 |
cc |
and,COXII |
R3676 |
T5131 |
T5122 |
conj |
MCIP1,COXII |
R3677 |
T5132 |
T5133 |
punct |
(,encoded |
R3678 |
T5133 |
T5131 |
parataxis |
encoded,MCIP1 |
R3679 |
T5134 |
T5135 |
amod |
nuclear,genome |
R3680 |
T5135 |
T5133 |
npadvmod |
genome,encoded |
R3681 |
T5136 |
T5133 |
punct |
–,encoded |
R3682 |
T5137 |
T5133 |
punct |
),encoded |
R3683 |
T5138 |
T5123 |
compound |
DNA,probes |
R3684 |
T5139 |
T5098 |
punct |
.,digested |
R3685 |
T5141 |
T5142 |
punct |
(,C |
R3686 |
T5142 |
T5143 |
meta |
C,collected |
R3687 |
T5144 |
T5142 |
punct |
),C |
R3688 |
T5145 |
T5146 |
amod |
Equal,amounts |
R3689 |
T5146 |
T5143 |
nsubjpass |
amounts,collected |
R3690 |
T5147 |
T5146 |
prep |
of,amounts |
R3691 |
T5148 |
T5149 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R3692 |
T5149 |
T5147 |
pobj |
muscle,of |
R3693 |
T5150 |
T5143 |
auxpass |
were,collected |
R3694 |
T5151 |
T5143 |
prep |
from,collected |
R3695 |
T5152 |
T5153 |
preconj |
both,mice |
R3696 |
T5153 |
T5151 |
pobj |
mice,from |
R3697 |
T5154 |
T5153 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R3698 |
T5155 |
T5153 |
cc |
and,mice |
R3699 |
T5156 |
T5157 |
compound |
control,littermates |
R3700 |
T5157 |
T5153 |
conj |
littermates,mice |
R3701 |
T5158 |
T5143 |
punct |
.,collected |
R3702 |
T5160 |
T5161 |
amod |
Total,DNA |
R3703 |
T5161 |
T5163 |
nsubjpass |
DNA,isolated |
R3704 |
T5162 |
T5161 |
amod |
mitochondrial,DNA |
R3705 |
T5164 |
T5163 |
auxpass |
was,isolated |
R3706 |
T5165 |
T5163 |
cc |
and,isolated |
R3707 |
T5166 |
T5163 |
conj |
separated,isolated |
R3708 |
T5167 |
T5166 |
prep |
on,separated |
R3709 |
T5168 |
T5169 |
nummod |
1,% |
R3710 |
T5169 |
T5170 |
compound |
%,gel |
R3711 |
T5170 |
T5167 |
pobj |
gel,on |
R3712 |
T5171 |
T5170 |
compound |
agarose,gel |
R3713 |
T5172 |
T5163 |
punct |
.,isolated |
R3714 |
T5174 |
T5175 |
det |
The,abundance |
R3715 |
T5175 |
T5177 |
nsubjpass |
abundance,presented |
R3716 |
T5176 |
T5175 |
amod |
relative,abundance |
R3717 |
T5178 |
T5175 |
prep |
of,abundance |
R3718 |
T5179 |
T5180 |
amod |
mitochondrial,DNA |
R3719 |
T5180 |
T5178 |
pobj |
DNA,of |
R3720 |
T5181 |
T5175 |
prep |
in,abundance |
R3721 |
T5182 |
T5183 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R3722 |
T5183 |
T5181 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R3723 |
T5184 |
T5182 |
cc |
and,transgenic |
R3724 |
T5185 |
T5186 |
amod |
wild,type |
R3725 |
T5186 |
T5182 |
conj |
type,transgenic |
R3726 |
T5187 |
T5186 |
punct |
-,type |
R3727 |
T5188 |
T5177 |
auxpass |
is,presented |
R3728 |
T5189 |
T5177 |
punct |
.,presented |
R3729 |
T5191 |
T5192 |
punct |
(,D |
R3730 |
T5192 |
T5193 |
meta |
D,analysis |
R3731 |
T5194 |
T5192 |
punct |
),D |
R3732 |
T5195 |
T5196 |
compound |
Western,blot |
R3733 |
T5196 |
T5193 |
compound |
blot,analysis |
R3734 |
T5197 |
T5193 |
prep |
of,analysis |
R3735 |
T5198 |
T5199 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R3736 |
T5199 |
T5200 |
compound |
fiber,markers |
R3737 |
T5200 |
T5197 |
pobj |
markers,of |
R3738 |
T5201 |
T5200 |
cc |
and,markers |
R3739 |
T5202 |
T5203 |
amod |
mitochondrial,components |
R3740 |
T5203 |
T5200 |
conj |
components,markers |
R3741 |
T5204 |
T5193 |
punct |
.,analysis |
R3742 |
T5206 |
T5207 |
det |
Each,lane |
R3743 |
T5207 |
T5208 |
nsubjpass |
lane,loaded |
R3744 |
T5209 |
T5208 |
auxpass |
was,loaded |
R3745 |
T5210 |
T5208 |
prep |
with,loaded |
R3746 |
T5211 |
T5212 |
nummod |
80,μg |
R3747 |
T5212 |
T5210 |
pobj |
μg,with |
R3748 |
T5213 |
T5212 |
prep |
of,μg |
R3749 |
T5214 |
T5215 |
amod |
total,extracts |
R3750 |
T5215 |
T5213 |
pobj |
extracts,of |
R3751 |
T5216 |
T5217 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R3752 |
T5217 |
T5215 |
compound |
muscle,extracts |
R3753 |
T5218 |
T5208 |
punct |
.,loaded |
R3754 |
T5220 |
T5221 |
punct |
(,E |
R3755 |
T5221 |
T5222 |
meta |
E,treated |
R3756 |
T5223 |
T5221 |
punct |
),E |
R3757 |
T5224 |
T5225 |
amod |
Wild,type |
R3758 |
T5225 |
T5227 |
compound |
type,mice |
R3759 |
T5226 |
T5225 |
punct |
-,type |
R3760 |
T5227 |
T5222 |
nsubjpass |
mice,treated |
R3761 |
T5228 |
T5227 |
compound |
C57B6,mice |
R3762 |
T5229 |
T5222 |
auxpass |
were,treated |
R3763 |
T5230 |
T5222 |
prep |
with,treated |
R3764 |
T5231 |
T5230 |
pobj |
vehicle,with |
R3765 |
T5232 |
T5231 |
cc |
or,vehicle |
R3766 |
T5233 |
T5234 |
compound |
PPARδ,agonist |
R3767 |
T5234 |
T5235 |
compound |
agonist,GW501516 |
R3768 |
T5235 |
T5231 |
conj |
GW501516,vehicle |
R3769 |
T5236 |
T5222 |
prep |
for,treated |
R3770 |
T5237 |
T5238 |
nummod |
10,d |
R3771 |
T5238 |
T5236 |
pobj |
d,for |
R3772 |
T5239 |
T5222 |
punct |
.,treated |
R3773 |
T5241 |
T5242 |
amod |
Total,RNA |
R3774 |
T5242 |
T5243 |
nsubjpass |
RNA,probed |
R3775 |
T5244 |
T5245 |
punct |
(,μg |
R3776 |
T5245 |
T5242 |
parataxis |
μg,RNA |
R3777 |
T5246 |
T5245 |
nummod |
10,μg |
R3778 |
T5247 |
T5248 |
punct |
/,lane |
R3779 |
T5248 |
T5245 |
prep |
lane,μg |
R3780 |
T5249 |
T5245 |
punct |
),μg |
R3781 |
T5250 |
T5242 |
acl |
prepared,RNA |
R3782 |
T5251 |
T5250 |
prep |
from,prepared |
R3783 |
T5252 |
T5253 |
det |
the,muscle |
R3784 |
T5253 |
T5251 |
pobj |
muscle,from |
R3785 |
T5254 |
T5253 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R3786 |
T5255 |
T5243 |
auxpass |
was,probed |
R3787 |
T5256 |
T5243 |
prep |
with,probed |
R3788 |
T5257 |
T5258 |
amod |
indicated,probes |
R3789 |
T5258 |
T5256 |
pobj |
probes,with |
R3790 |
T5259 |
T5243 |
punct |
.,probed |
R3791 |
T5309 |
T5308 |
prep |
to,Resistance |
R3792 |
T5310 |
T5311 |
amod |
High,Fat |
R3793 |
T5311 |
T5313 |
npadvmod |
Fat,Induced |
R3794 |
T5312 |
T5311 |
punct |
-,Fat |
R3795 |
T5313 |
T5315 |
amod |
Induced,Obesity |
R3796 |
T5314 |
T5313 |
punct |
-,Induced |
R3797 |
T5315 |
T5309 |
pobj |
Obesity,to |
R3798 |
T5316 |
T5308 |
prep |
in,Resistance |
R3799 |
T5317 |
T5318 |
det |
the,Mice |
R3800 |
T5318 |
T5316 |
pobj |
Mice,in |
R3801 |
T5319 |
T5318 |
amod |
Transgenic,Mice |
R3802 |
T5321 |
T5322 |
punct |
(,A |
R3803 |
T5322 |
T5323 |
meta |
A,fed |
R3804 |
T5324 |
T5322 |
punct |
),A |
R3805 |
T5325 |
T5326 |
nummod |
Seven,week |
R3806 |
T5326 |
T5328 |
npadvmod |
week,old |
R3807 |
T5327 |
T5326 |
punct |
-,week |
R3808 |
T5328 |
T5330 |
amod |
old,littermates |
R3809 |
T5329 |
T5328 |
punct |
-,old |
R3810 |
T5330 |
T5323 |
nsubjpass |
littermates,fed |
R3811 |
T5331 |
T5330 |
amod |
transgenic,littermates |
R3812 |
T5332 |
T5333 |
punct |
(,TG |
R3813 |
T5333 |
T5331 |
parataxis |
TG,transgenic |
R3814 |
T5334 |
T5333 |
punct |
),TG |
R3815 |
T5335 |
T5331 |
cc |
and,transgenic |
R3816 |
T5336 |
T5337 |
amod |
wild,type |
R3817 |
T5337 |
T5331 |
conj |
type,transgenic |
R3818 |
T5338 |
T5337 |
punct |
-,type |
R3819 |
T5339 |
T5340 |
punct |
(,WT |
R3820 |
T5340 |
T5337 |
parataxis |
WT,type |
R3821 |
T5341 |
T5340 |
punct |
),WT |
R3822 |
T5342 |
T5343 |
punct |
(,6 |
R3823 |
T5343 |
T5330 |
parataxis |
6,littermates |
R3824 |
T5344 |
T5343 |
nsubj |
n,6 |
R3825 |
T5345 |
T5343 |
punct |
=,6 |
R3826 |
T5346 |
T5343 |
quantmod |
5,6 |
R3827 |
T5347 |
T5343 |
punct |
–,6 |
R3828 |
T5348 |
T5343 |
prep |
for,6 |
R3829 |
T5349 |
T5350 |
det |
each,group |
R3830 |
T5350 |
T5348 |
pobj |
group,for |
R3831 |
T5351 |
T5343 |
punct |
),6 |
R3832 |
T5352 |
T5323 |
auxpass |
were,fed |
R3833 |
T5353 |
T5323 |
prep |
with,fed |
R3834 |
T5354 |
T5355 |
det |
a,diet |
R3835 |
T5355 |
T5353 |
pobj |
diet,with |
R3836 |
T5356 |
T5357 |
amod |
high,fat |
R3837 |
T5357 |
T5355 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R3838 |
T5358 |
T5357 |
punct |
-,fat |
R3839 |
T5359 |
T5323 |
prep |
for,fed |
R3840 |
T5360 |
T5361 |
nummod |
97,d |
R3841 |
T5361 |
T5359 |
pobj |
d,for |
R3842 |
T5362 |
T5323 |
punct |
.,fed |
R3843 |
T5364 |
T5365 |
amod |
Left,panel |
R3844 |
T5365 |
T5366 |
nsubj |
panel,shows |
R3845 |
T5367 |
T5368 |
amod |
net,gain |
R3846 |
T5368 |
T5366 |
dobj |
gain,shows |
R3847 |
T5369 |
T5370 |
compound |
body,weight |
R3848 |
T5370 |
T5368 |
compound |
weight,gain |
R3849 |
T5371 |
T5368 |
punct |
", ",gain |
R3850 |
T5372 |
T5373 |
dep |
which,calculated |
R3851 |
T5373 |
T5368 |
relcl |
calculated,gain |
R3852 |
T5374 |
T5373 |
auxpass |
was,calculated |
R3853 |
T5375 |
T5373 |
prep |
for,calculated |
R3854 |
T5376 |
T5377 |
amod |
individual,mice |
R3855 |
T5377 |
T5375 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R3856 |
T5378 |
T5373 |
cc |
and,calculated |
R3857 |
T5379 |
T5380 |
advmod |
then,averaged |
R3858 |
T5380 |
T5373 |
conj |
averaged,calculated |
R3859 |
T5381 |
T5366 |
punct |
.,shows |
R3860 |
T5383 |
T5384 |
amod |
Right,panel |
R3861 |
T5384 |
T5385 |
nsubj |
panel,shows |
R3862 |
T5386 |
T5387 |
det |
the,weights |
R3863 |
T5387 |
T5385 |
dobj |
weights,shows |
R3864 |
T5388 |
T5387 |
compound |
body,weights |
R3865 |
T5389 |
T5385 |
prep |
before,shows |
R3866 |
T5390 |
T5391 |
punct |
(,Day |
R3867 |
T5391 |
T5389 |
parataxis |
Day,before |
R3868 |
T5392 |
T5391 |
nummod |
0,Day |
R3869 |
T5393 |
T5391 |
punct |
),Day |
R3870 |
T5394 |
T5389 |
cc |
and,before |
R3871 |
T5395 |
T5389 |
conj |
after,before |
R3872 |
T5396 |
T5397 |
punct |
(,Day |
R3873 |
T5397 |
T5395 |
parataxis |
Day,after |
R3874 |
T5398 |
T5397 |
nummod |
97,Day |
R3875 |
T5399 |
T5397 |
punct |
),Day |
R3876 |
T5400 |
T5401 |
amod |
high,fat |
R3877 |
T5401 |
T5403 |
compound |
fat,feeding |
R3878 |
T5402 |
T5401 |
punct |
-,fat |
R3879 |
T5403 |
T5395 |
pobj |
feeding,after |
R3880 |
T5404 |
T5385 |
punct |
.,shows |
R3881 |
T5406 |
T5407 |
punct |
(,B |
R3882 |
T5407 |
T5408 |
meta |
B,Histology |
R3883 |
T5409 |
T5407 |
punct |
),B |
R3884 |
T5410 |
T5408 |
prep |
of,Histology |
R3885 |
T5411 |
T5412 |
amod |
inguinal,pad |
R3886 |
T5412 |
T5410 |
pobj |
pad,of |
R3887 |
T5413 |
T5412 |
compound |
fat,pad |
R3888 |
T5414 |
T5408 |
prep |
in,Histology |
R3889 |
T5415 |
T5416 |
det |
the,littermates |
R3890 |
T5416 |
T5414 |
pobj |
littermates,in |
R3891 |
T5417 |
T5416 |
amod |
transgenic,littermates |
R3892 |
T5418 |
T5417 |
cc |
and,transgenic |
R3893 |
T5419 |
T5420 |
amod |
wild,type |
R3894 |
T5420 |
T5417 |
conj |
type,transgenic |
R3895 |
T5421 |
T5420 |
punct |
-,type |
R3896 |
T5422 |
T5408 |
prep |
under,Histology |
R3897 |
T5423 |
T5424 |
det |
a,diet |
R3898 |
T5424 |
T5422 |
pobj |
diet,under |
R3899 |
T5425 |
T5426 |
amod |
high,fat |
R3900 |
T5426 |
T5424 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R3901 |
T5427 |
T5426 |
punct |
-,fat |
R3902 |
T5428 |
T5408 |
prep |
for,Histology |
R3903 |
T5429 |
T5430 |
nummod |
2,mo |
R3904 |
T5430 |
T5428 |
pobj |
mo,for |
R3905 |
T5431 |
T5408 |
punct |
.,Histology |
R3906 |
T5433 |
T5434 |
punct |
(,C |
R3907 |
T5434 |
T5435 |
meta |
C,content |
R3908 |
T5436 |
T5434 |
cc |
and,C |
R3909 |
T5437 |
T5434 |
conj |
D,C |
R3910 |
T5438 |
T5437 |
punct |
),D |
R3911 |
T5439 |
T5435 |
amod |
Intramuscular,content |
R3912 |
T5440 |
T5435 |
compound |
glycogen,content |
R3913 |
T5441 |
T5442 |
punct |
(,C |
R3914 |
T5442 |
T5435 |
parataxis |
C,content |
R3915 |
T5443 |
T5442 |
punct |
),C |
R3916 |
T5444 |
T5435 |
cc |
and,content |
R3917 |
T5445 |
T5446 |
compound |
triglyceride,content |
R3918 |
T5446 |
T5435 |
conj |
content,content |
R3919 |
T5447 |
T5448 |
punct |
(,D |
R3920 |
T5448 |
T5446 |
parataxis |
D,content |
R3921 |
T5449 |
T5448 |
punct |
),D |
R3922 |
T5450 |
T5435 |
prep |
of,content |
R3923 |
T5451 |
T5450 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R3924 |
T5452 |
T5451 |
prep |
in,mice |
R3925 |
T5453 |
T5452 |
punct |
(,in |
R3926 |
T5454 |
T5452 |
pobj |
A,in |
R3927 |
T5455 |
T5452 |
punct |
),in |
R3928 |
T5456 |
T5435 |
prep |
after,content |
R3929 |
T5457 |
T5458 |
amod |
high,fat |
R3930 |
T5458 |
T5460 |
compound |
fat,feeding |
R3931 |
T5459 |
T5458 |
punct |
-,fat |
R3932 |
T5460 |
T5456 |
pobj |
feeding,after |
R3933 |
T5461 |
T5462 |
punct |
(,6 |
R3934 |
T5462 |
T5435 |
parataxis |
6,content |
R3935 |
T5463 |
T5462 |
nsubj |
n,6 |
R3936 |
T5464 |
T5462 |
punct |
=,6 |
R3937 |
T5465 |
T5462 |
punct |
),6 |
R3938 |
T5466 |
T5435 |
punct |
.,content |
R3939 |
T5468 |
T5469 |
punct |
(,E |
R3940 |
T5469 |
T5470 |
meta |
E,test |
R3941 |
T5471 |
T5469 |
punct |
),E |
R3942 |
T5472 |
T5473 |
compound |
Glucose,tolerance |
R3943 |
T5473 |
T5470 |
compound |
tolerance,test |
R3944 |
T5474 |
T5470 |
punct |
.,test |
R3945 |
T5476 |
T5477 |
nsubjpass |
Mice,fasted |
R3946 |
T5478 |
T5476 |
prep |
in,Mice |
R3947 |
T5479 |
T5478 |
punct |
(,in |
R3948 |
T5480 |
T5478 |
pobj |
A,in |
R3949 |
T5481 |
T5478 |
punct |
),in |
R3950 |
T5482 |
T5476 |
prep |
after,Mice |
R3951 |
T5483 |
T5484 |
amod |
high,fat |
R3952 |
T5484 |
T5486 |
compound |
fat,feeding |
R3953 |
T5485 |
T5484 |
punct |
-,fat |
R3954 |
T5486 |
T5482 |
pobj |
feeding,after |
R3955 |
T5487 |
T5477 |
auxpass |
were,fasted |
R3956 |
T5488 |
T5477 |
prep |
for,fasted |
R3957 |
T5489 |
T5490 |
nummod |
6,h |
R3958 |
T5490 |
T5488 |
pobj |
h,for |
R3959 |
T5491 |
T5477 |
cc |
and,fasted |
R3960 |
T5492 |
T5493 |
advmod |
then,injected |
R3961 |
T5493 |
T5477 |
conj |
injected,fasted |
R3962 |
T5494 |
T5493 |
prep |
with,injected |
R3963 |
T5495 |
T5494 |
pobj |
glucose,with |
R3964 |
T5496 |
T5493 |
prep |
at,injected |
R3965 |
T5497 |
T5498 |
det |
a,concentration |
R3966 |
T5498 |
T5496 |
pobj |
concentration,at |
R3967 |
T5499 |
T5498 |
prep |
of,concentration |
R3968 |
T5500 |
T5499 |
pobj |
1g,of |
R3969 |
T5501 |
T5502 |
punct |
/,weight |
R3970 |
T5502 |
T5500 |
prep |
weight,1g |
R3971 |
T5503 |
T5502 |
compound |
kg,weight |
R3972 |
T5504 |
T5502 |
compound |
body,weight |
R3973 |
T5505 |
T5477 |
punct |
.,fasted |
R3974 |
T5507 |
T5508 |
advmod |
Then,measured |
R3975 |
T5509 |
T5510 |
compound |
blood,glucose |
R3976 |
T5510 |
T5511 |
compound |
glucose,levels |
R3977 |
T5511 |
T5508 |
nsubjpass |
levels,measured |
R3978 |
T5512 |
T5508 |
auxpass |
were,measured |
R3979 |
T5513 |
T5508 |
advmod |
periodically,measured |
R3980 |
T5514 |
T5508 |
prep |
over,measured |
R3981 |
T5515 |
T5516 |
nummod |
2,h |
R3982 |
T5516 |
T5514 |
pobj |
h,over |
R3983 |
T5517 |
T5518 |
punct |
(,6 |
R3984 |
T5518 |
T5508 |
parataxis |
6,measured |
R3985 |
T5519 |
T5518 |
nsubj |
n,6 |
R3986 |
T5520 |
T5518 |
punct |
=,6 |
R3987 |
T5521 |
T5518 |
punct |
),6 |
R3988 |
T5522 |
T5508 |
punct |
.,measured |
R3989 |
T5573 |
T5574 |
compound |
PPARδ,Agonists |
R3990 |
T5574 |
T5575 |
nsubj |
Agonists,Counteract |
R3991 |
T5576 |
T5575 |
dobj |
Obesity,Counteract |
R3992 |
T5577 |
T5576 |
acl |
Induced,Obesity |
R3993 |
T5578 |
T5577 |
agent |
by,Induced |
R3994 |
T5579 |
T5580 |
amod |
High,Fat |
R3995 |
T5580 |
T5582 |
compound |
Fat,Diet |
R3996 |
T5581 |
T5580 |
punct |
-,Fat |
R3997 |
T5582 |
T5578 |
pobj |
Diet,by |
R3998 |
T5584 |
T5585 |
punct |
(,A |
R3999 |
T5585 |
T5586 |
meta |
A,fed |
R4000 |
T5587 |
T5585 |
punct |
),A |
R4001 |
T5588 |
T5589 |
nummod |
Eleven,week |
R4002 |
T5589 |
T5591 |
npadvmod |
week,old |
R4003 |
T5590 |
T5589 |
punct |
-,week |
R4004 |
T5591 |
T5593 |
amod |
old,mice |
R4005 |
T5592 |
T5591 |
punct |
-,old |
R4006 |
T5593 |
T5586 |
nsubjpass |
mice,fed |
R4007 |
T5594 |
T5595 |
amod |
wild,type |
R4008 |
T5595 |
T5593 |
compound |
type,mice |
R4009 |
T5596 |
T5595 |
punct |
-,type |
R4010 |
T5597 |
T5593 |
compound |
C57B6,mice |
R4011 |
T5598 |
T5586 |
auxpass |
were,fed |
R4012 |
T5599 |
T5600 |
det |
a,diet |
R4013 |
T5600 |
T5586 |
dobj |
diet,fed |
R4014 |
T5601 |
T5602 |
amod |
high,fat |
R4015 |
T5602 |
T5600 |
compound |
fat,diet |
R4016 |
T5603 |
T5602 |
punct |
-,fat |
R4017 |
T5604 |
T5586 |
prep |
in,fed |
R4018 |
T5605 |
T5604 |
pobj |
combination,in |
R4019 |
T5606 |
T5605 |
prep |
with,combination |
R4020 |
T5607 |
T5606 |
pobj |
vehicle,with |
R4021 |
T5608 |
T5607 |
cc |
or,vehicle |
R4022 |
T5609 |
T5607 |
conj |
GW501516,vehicle |
R4023 |
T5610 |
T5586 |
prep |
for,fed |
R4024 |
T5611 |
T5612 |
nummod |
57,d |
R4025 |
T5612 |
T5610 |
pobj |
d,for |
R4026 |
T5613 |
T5586 |
punct |
.,fed |
R4027 |
T5615 |
T5616 |
amod |
Total,RNA |
R4028 |
T5616 |
T5617 |
nsubjpass |
RNA,probed |
R4029 |
T5618 |
T5619 |
punct |
(,μg |
R4030 |
T5619 |
T5616 |
parataxis |
μg,RNA |
R4031 |
T5620 |
T5619 |
nummod |
10,μg |
R4032 |
T5621 |
T5622 |
punct |
/,lane |
R4033 |
T5622 |
T5619 |
prep |
lane,μg |
R4034 |
T5623 |
T5619 |
punct |
),μg |
R4035 |
T5624 |
T5616 |
acl |
prepared,RNA |
R4036 |
T5625 |
T5624 |
prep |
from,prepared |
R4037 |
T5626 |
T5627 |
det |
the,muscle |
R4038 |
T5627 |
T5625 |
pobj |
muscle,from |
R4039 |
T5628 |
T5627 |
compound |
gastrocnemius,muscle |
R4040 |
T5629 |
T5617 |
auxpass |
was,probed |
R4041 |
T5630 |
T5617 |
prep |
with,probed |
R4042 |
T5631 |
T5632 |
amod |
indicated,probes |
R4043 |
T5632 |
T5630 |
pobj |
probes,with |
R4044 |
T5633 |
T5617 |
punct |
.,probed |
R4045 |
T5635 |
T5636 |
punct |
(,B |
R4046 |
T5636 |
T5637 |
meta |
B,calculated |
R4047 |
T5638 |
T5636 |
punct |
),B |
R4048 |
T5639 |
T5640 |
amod |
Net,gain |
R4049 |
T5640 |
T5637 |
nsubjpass |
gain,calculated |
R4050 |
T5641 |
T5642 |
compound |
body,weight |
R4051 |
T5642 |
T5640 |
compound |
weight,gain |
R4052 |
T5643 |
T5640 |
prep |
for,gain |
R4053 |
T5644 |
T5643 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R4054 |
T5645 |
T5644 |
prep |
in,mice |
R4055 |
T5646 |
T5645 |
punct |
(,in |
R4056 |
T5647 |
T5645 |
pobj |
A,in |
R4057 |
T5648 |
T5644 |
punct |
),mice |
R4058 |
T5649 |
T5640 |
prep |
after,gain |
R4059 |
T5650 |
T5649 |
pobj |
treatment,after |
R4060 |
T5651 |
T5637 |
auxpass |
was,calculated |
R4061 |
T5652 |
T5637 |
prep |
for,calculated |
R4062 |
T5653 |
T5654 |
amod |
individual,mice |
R4063 |
T5654 |
T5652 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R4064 |
T5655 |
T5637 |
cc |
and,calculated |
R4065 |
T5656 |
T5637 |
conj |
averaged,calculated |
R4066 |
T5657 |
T5637 |
punct |
.,calculated |
R4067 |
T5659 |
T5660 |
amod |
Initial,weights |
R4068 |
T5660 |
T5662 |
nsubj |
weights,were |
R4069 |
T5661 |
T5660 |
compound |
body,weights |
R4070 |
T5663 |
T5664 |
quantmod |
28.54,1.04 |
R4071 |
T5664 |
T5666 |
nummod |
1.04,g |
R4072 |
T5665 |
T5664 |
punct |
±,1.04 |
R4073 |
T5666 |
T5662 |
attr |
g,were |
R4074 |
T5667 |
T5666 |
prep |
for,g |
R4075 |
T5668 |
T5669 |
compound |
vehicle,group |
R4076 |
T5669 |
T5667 |
pobj |
group,for |
R4077 |
T5670 |
T5671 |
punct |
(,5 |
R4078 |
T5671 |
T5666 |
parataxis |
5,g |
R4079 |
T5672 |
T5671 |
nsubj |
n,5 |
R4080 |
T5673 |
T5671 |
punct |
=,5 |
R4081 |
T5674 |
T5671 |
punct |
),5 |
R4082 |
T5675 |
T5666 |
cc |
and,g |
R4083 |
T5676 |
T5677 |
quantmod |
28.86,0.80 |
R4084 |
T5677 |
T5679 |
nummod |
0.80,g |
R4085 |
T5678 |
T5677 |
punct |
±,0.80 |
R4086 |
T5679 |
T5666 |
conj |
g,g |
R4087 |
T5680 |
T5679 |
prep |
for,g |
R4088 |
T5681 |
T5682 |
compound |
GW501516,group |
R4089 |
T5682 |
T5680 |
pobj |
group,for |
R4090 |
T5683 |
T5684 |
punct |
(,5 |
R4091 |
T5684 |
T5679 |
parataxis |
5,g |
R4092 |
T5685 |
T5684 |
nsubj |
n,5 |
R4093 |
T5686 |
T5684 |
punct |
=,5 |
R4094 |
T5687 |
T5684 |
punct |
),5 |
R4095 |
T5688 |
T5662 |
punct |
.,were |
R4096 |
T5690 |
T5691 |
punct |
(,C |
R4097 |
T5691 |
T5692 |
meta |
C,weights |
R4098 |
T5693 |
T5691 |
punct |
),C |
R4099 |
T5694 |
T5692 |
amod |
Various,weights |
R4100 |
T5695 |
T5692 |
compound |
tissue,weights |
R4101 |
T5696 |
T5692 |
prep |
for,weights |
R4102 |
T5697 |
T5696 |
pobj |
mice,for |
R4103 |
T5698 |
T5697 |
prep |
in,mice |
R4104 |
T5699 |
T5698 |
punct |
(,in |
R4105 |
T5700 |
T5698 |
pobj |
A,in |
R4106 |
T5701 |
T5698 |
punct |
),in |
R4107 |
T5702 |
T5692 |
prep |
after,weights |
R4108 |
T5703 |
T5702 |
pobj |
treatment,after |
R4109 |
T5704 |
T5692 |
punct |
.,weights |
R4110 |
T5707 |
T5706 |
punct |
", ",ifat |
R4111 |
T5708 |
T5709 |
amod |
inguinal,fat |
R4112 |
T5709 |
T5706 |
appos |
fat,ifat |
R4113 |
T5710 |
T5706 |
punct |
;,ifat |
R4114 |
T5711 |
T5706 |
appos |
rdfat,ifat |
R4115 |
T5712 |
T5711 |
punct |
", ",rdfat |
R4116 |
T5713 |
T5714 |
amod |
reproductive,fat |
R4117 |
T5714 |
T5711 |
appos |
fat,rdfat |
R4118 |
T5715 |
T5706 |
punct |
;,ifat |
R4119 |
T5716 |
T5706 |
appos |
retrofat,ifat |
R4120 |
T5717 |
T5716 |
punct |
", ",retrofat |
R4121 |
T5718 |
T5719 |
amod |
retroperitoneal,fat |
R4122 |
T5719 |
T5716 |
appos |
fat,retrofat |
R4123 |
T5720 |
T5706 |
punct |
.,ifat |
R4124 |
T5722 |
T5723 |
punct |
(,D |
R4125 |
T5723 |
T5724 |
meta |
D,test |
R4126 |
T5725 |
T5723 |
punct |
),D |
R4127 |
T5726 |
T5727 |
compound |
Glucose,tolerance |
R4128 |
T5727 |
T5724 |
compound |
tolerance,test |
R4129 |
T5728 |
T5724 |
punct |
.,test |
R4130 |
T5730 |
T5731 |
nsubjpass |
Mice,fasted |
R4131 |
T5732 |
T5730 |
prep |
in,Mice |
R4132 |
T5733 |
T5732 |
punct |
(,in |
R4133 |
T5734 |
T5732 |
pobj |
A,in |
R4134 |
T5735 |
T5730 |
punct |
),Mice |
R4135 |
T5736 |
T5730 |
prep |
after,Mice |
R4136 |
T5737 |
T5736 |
pobj |
treatment,after |
R4137 |
T5738 |
T5731 |
auxpass |
were,fasted |
R4138 |
T5739 |
T5731 |
prep |
for,fasted |
R4139 |
T5740 |
T5741 |
nummod |
6,h |
R4140 |
T5741 |
T5739 |
pobj |
h,for |
R4141 |
T5742 |
T5731 |
cc |
and,fasted |
R4142 |
T5743 |
T5744 |
advmod |
then,injected |
R4143 |
T5744 |
T5731 |
conj |
injected,fasted |
R4144 |
T5745 |
T5744 |
prep |
with,injected |
R4145 |
T5746 |
T5745 |
pobj |
glucose,with |
R4146 |
T5747 |
T5746 |
prep |
at,glucose |
R4147 |
T5748 |
T5749 |
det |
a,concentration |
R4148 |
T5749 |
T5747 |
pobj |
concentration,at |
R4149 |
T5750 |
T5749 |
prep |
of,concentration |
R4150 |
T5751 |
T5750 |
pobj |
1g,of |
R4151 |
T5752 |
T5753 |
punct |
/,weight |
R4152 |
T5753 |
T5751 |
prep |
weight,1g |
R4153 |
T5754 |
T5753 |
compound |
kg,weight |
R4154 |
T5755 |
T5753 |
compound |
body,weight |
R4155 |
T5756 |
T5731 |
punct |
.,fasted |
R4156 |
T5758 |
T5759 |
compound |
Blood,glucose |
R4157 |
T5759 |
T5760 |
compound |
glucose,levels |
R4158 |
T5760 |
T5761 |
nsubjpass |
levels,measured |
R4159 |
T5762 |
T5761 |
auxpass |
were,measured |
R4160 |
T5763 |
T5761 |
advmod |
then,measured |
R4161 |
T5764 |
T5761 |
advmod |
periodically,measured |
R4162 |
T5765 |
T5761 |
prep |
over,measured |
R4163 |
T5766 |
T5767 |
nummod |
2,h |
R4164 |
T5767 |
T5765 |
pobj |
h,over |
R4165 |
T5768 |
T5761 |
punct |
.,measured |
R4166 |
T5797 |
T5798 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,Regulates |
R4167 |
T5799 |
T5800 |
compound |
Exercise,Endurance |
R4168 |
T5800 |
T5798 |
dobj |
Endurance,Regulates |
R4169 |
T5802 |
T5803 |
punct |
(,A |
R4170 |
T5803 |
T5804 |
meta |
A,performance |
R4171 |
T5805 |
T5803 |
punct |
),A |
R4172 |
T5806 |
T5804 |
amod |
Enhanced,performance |
R4173 |
T5807 |
T5804 |
compound |
exercise,performance |
R4174 |
T5808 |
T5804 |
prep |
in,performance |
R4175 |
T5809 |
T5810 |
det |
the,mice |
R4176 |
T5810 |
T5808 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4177 |
T5811 |
T5810 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R4178 |
T5812 |
T5804 |
punct |
.,performance |
R4179 |
T5814 |
T5815 |
nummod |
Fourteen,week |
R4180 |
T5815 |
T5817 |
npadvmod |
week,old |
R4181 |
T5816 |
T5815 |
punct |
-,week |
R4182 |
T5817 |
T5819 |
amod |
old,littermates |
R4183 |
T5818 |
T5817 |
punct |
-,old |
R4184 |
T5819 |
T5826 |
nsubjpass |
littermates,subjected |
R4185 |
T5820 |
T5819 |
amod |
male,littermates |
R4186 |
T5821 |
T5819 |
amod |
transgenic,littermates |
R4187 |
T5822 |
T5821 |
cc |
and,transgenic |
R4188 |
T5823 |
T5824 |
amod |
wild,type |
R4189 |
T5824 |
T5821 |
conj |
type,transgenic |
R4190 |
T5825 |
T5824 |
punct |
-,type |
R4191 |
T5827 |
T5819 |
prep |
with,littermates |
R4192 |
T5828 |
T5829 |
amod |
similar,weights |
R4193 |
T5829 |
T5827 |
pobj |
weights,with |
R4194 |
T5830 |
T5829 |
compound |
body,weights |
R4195 |
T5831 |
T5832 |
punct |
(,4 |
R4196 |
T5832 |
T5819 |
parataxis |
4,littermates |
R4197 |
T5833 |
T5832 |
nsubj |
n,4 |
R4198 |
T5834 |
T5832 |
punct |
=,4 |
R4199 |
T5835 |
T5832 |
prep |
for,4 |
R4200 |
T5836 |
T5837 |
det |
each,group |
R4201 |
T5837 |
T5835 |
pobj |
group,for |
R4202 |
T5838 |
T5832 |
punct |
),4 |
R4203 |
T5839 |
T5826 |
auxpass |
were,subjected |
R4204 |
T5840 |
T5826 |
prep |
to,subjected |
R4205 |
T5841 |
T5842 |
det |
a,test |
R4206 |
T5842 |
T5840 |
pobj |
test,to |
R4207 |
T5843 |
T5844 |
amod |
forced,exercise |
R4208 |
T5844 |
T5842 |
compound |
exercise,test |
R4209 |
T5845 |
T5844 |
compound |
treadmill,exercise |
R4210 |
T5846 |
T5826 |
punct |
.,subjected |
R4211 |
T5848 |
T5849 |
punct |
(,B |
R4212 |
T5849 |
T5850 |
meta |
B,performance |
R4213 |
T5851 |
T5849 |
punct |
),B |
R4214 |
T5852 |
T5850 |
amod |
Compromised,performance |
R4215 |
T5853 |
T5850 |
compound |
exercise,performance |
R4216 |
T5854 |
T5850 |
prep |
in,performance |
R4217 |
T5855 |
T5856 |
npadvmod |
PPARδ,null |
R4218 |
T5856 |
T5858 |
amod |
null,mice |
R4219 |
T5857 |
T5856 |
punct |
-,null |
R4220 |
T5858 |
T5854 |
pobj |
mice,in |
R4221 |
T5859 |
T5850 |
punct |
.,performance |
R4222 |
T5861 |
T5862 |
nummod |
Two,month |
R4223 |
T5862 |
T5864 |
npadvmod |
month,old |
R4224 |
T5863 |
T5862 |
punct |
-,month |
R4225 |
T5864 |
T5866 |
amod |
old,mice |
R4226 |
T5865 |
T5864 |
punct |
-,old |
R4227 |
T5866 |
T5871 |
nsubjpass |
mice,subjected |
R4228 |
T5867 |
T5866 |
amod |
male,mice |
R4229 |
T5868 |
T5869 |
npadvmod |
PPARδ,null |
R4230 |
T5869 |
T5866 |
amod |
null,mice |
R4231 |
T5870 |
T5869 |
punct |
-,null |
R4232 |
T5872 |
T5866 |
cc |
and,mice |
R4233 |
T5873 |
T5874 |
amod |
wild,type |
R4234 |
T5874 |
T5876 |
compound |
type,controls |
R4235 |
T5875 |
T5874 |
punct |
-,type |
R4236 |
T5876 |
T5866 |
conj |
controls,mice |
R4237 |
T5877 |
T5866 |
prep |
with,mice |
R4238 |
T5878 |
T5879 |
amod |
similar,weights |
R4239 |
T5879 |
T5877 |
pobj |
weights,with |
R4240 |
T5880 |
T5879 |
compound |
body,weights |
R4241 |
T5881 |
T5882 |
punct |
(,6 |
R4242 |
T5882 |
T5866 |
parataxis |
6,mice |
R4243 |
T5883 |
T5882 |
nsubj |
n,6 |
R4244 |
T5884 |
T5882 |
punct |
=,6 |
R4245 |
T5885 |
T5882 |
prep |
for,6 |
R4246 |
T5886 |
T5887 |
det |
each,group |
R4247 |
T5887 |
T5885 |
pobj |
group,for |
R4248 |
T5888 |
T5882 |
punct |
),6 |
R4249 |
T5889 |
T5871 |
auxpass |
were,subjected |
R4250 |
T5890 |
T5871 |
prep |
to,subjected |
R4251 |
T5891 |
T5892 |
det |
a,test |
R4252 |
T5892 |
T5890 |
pobj |
test,to |
R4253 |
T5893 |
T5894 |
amod |
forced,exercise |
R4254 |
T5894 |
T5892 |
compound |
exercise,test |
R4255 |
T5895 |
T5894 |
compound |
treadmill,exercise |
R4256 |
T5896 |
T5871 |
punct |
.,subjected |
R4257 |
T5898 |
T5899 |
punct |
(,C |
R4258 |
T5899 |
T5900 |
meta |
C,Functions |
R4259 |
T5901 |
T5899 |
punct |
),C |
R4260 |
T5902 |
T5900 |
prep |
of,Functions |
R4261 |
T5903 |
T5902 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R4262 |
T5904 |
T5900 |
prep |
in,Functions |
R4263 |
T5905 |
T5906 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R4264 |
T5906 |
T5904 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R4265 |
T5907 |
T5900 |
punct |
.,Functions |
R3334 |
T4562 |
T4563 |
amod |
Statistical,analysis |
R3335 |
T4565 |
T4566 |
nsubjpass |
Number,indicated |
R3336 |
T4567 |
T4565 |
prep |
of,Number |
R3337 |
T4568 |
T4567 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R3338 |
T4569 |
T4565 |
prep |
for,Number |
R3339 |
T4570 |
T4571 |
det |
each,group |
R3340 |
T4571 |
T4569 |
pobj |
group,for |
R3341 |
T4572 |
T4571 |
acl |
used,group |
R3342 |
T4573 |
T4572 |
prep |
in,used |
R3343 |
T4574 |
T4573 |
pobj |
experiments,in |
R3344 |
T4575 |
T4566 |
auxpass |
is,indicated |
R3345 |
T4576 |
T4566 |
prep |
in,indicated |
R3346 |
T4577 |
T4578 |
compound |
figure,legends |
R3347 |
T4578 |
T4576 |
pobj |
legends,in |
R3348 |
T4579 |
T4566 |
punct |
.,indicated |
R3349 |
T4581 |
T4582 |
nsubjpass |
Values,presented |
R3350 |
T4583 |
T4582 |
auxpass |
are,presented |
R3351 |
T4584 |
T4582 |
prep |
as,presented |
R3352 |
T4585 |
T4586 |
nmod |
mean,SEM |
R3353 |
T4586 |
T4584 |
pobj |
SEM,as |
R3354 |
T4587 |
T4586 |
punct |
±,SEM |
R3355 |
T4588 |
T4582 |
punct |
.,presented |
R3356 |
T4590 |
T4591 |
det |
A,test |
R3357 |
T4591 |
T4598 |
nsubjpass |
test,used |
R3358 |
T4592 |
T4593 |
advmod |
two,tailed |
R3359 |
T4593 |
T4591 |
amod |
tailed,test |
R3360 |
T4594 |
T4593 |
punct |
-,tailed |
R3361 |
T4595 |
T4591 |
poss |
Student,test |
R3362 |
T4596 |
T4595 |
case |
's,Student |
R3363 |
T4597 |
T4591 |
compound |
t,test |
R3364 |
T4599 |
T4598 |
auxpass |
was,used |
R3365 |
T4600 |
T4601 |
aux |
to,calculate |
R3366 |
T4601 |
T4598 |
advcl |
calculate,used |
R167 |
T244 |
T228 |
cc |
and,analyzed |
R168 |
T245 |
T228 |
conj |
manipulated,analyzed |
R169 |
T246 |
T226 |
punct |
.,demonstrate |