PMC:4694192 / 6087-9512
Annnotations
{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/4694192","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"4694192","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/4694192","text":"In-person support or telephone support\nIn this model, veteran parents are closely matched on as many dimensions as possible (language, culture, baby's diagnosis, family makeup and so on)10, 18 with current NICU parents to serve as their mentors or ‘buddies'. Through the relationship that parent mentors establish with new NICU parents, they can normalize the parents' situation18, 31 and help them accept it by modeling a positive attitude.22 Mentors can reduce parents' isolation,18, 29 sometimes even serving as substitute family and friends.10 This may be particularly important to low-income parents who may not have well-functioning support networks of their own.22 The support is provided in non-medical language that is easier for parents to understand than that provided by the health-care team.22 Mentors can also give parents practical advice, help them resolve day-to-day problems12 and help them access other services.22 Although parents may feel that they need to ‘hold it together' when dealing with the medical team so that they appear capable, having a support person not affiliated with the medical team allows parents to let their guard down and express their true emotions.16 Within the frequently changing NICU landscape, a parent mentor can provide a parent with continuity of care throughout their NICU experience and even beyond.29\nOne potential shortcoming of this model of support is that it may be difficult to ensure that all matches between mentors and parents are good ones, especially when parents are non-English speaking and/or from different cultures.10, 18 Communication styles, parenting styles, outlook on life and parents' vision of the future may differ in a particular match.18 Matches may also become problematic if the mentor parent has not experienced what current parent is going through,10 especially if the mentor's child is doing better than the matched parent's child.18 For any of these reasons, matches may need to be changed.\nProviding peer support by telephone, instead of in-person, may offer several advantages to stressed NICU parents who may not have time or the ability to meet with their peers and friends.27 Connections between mentors and parents can occur more spontaneously and with greater flexibility.16, 32 Mentors' around-the-clock availability, when parents need them, gives parents a feeling of dependability.18 In addition, telephone support is private and non-stigmatizing.32 It can be effective for low-income mothers with diverse ethnic backgrounds,16 and is easily accessible to all regardless of socioeconomic status or geographic location.33 Another important benefit is that parents do not need child care in order to make use of telephone support.16\nFinding appropriate matches for telephone support relationships may be difficult, just as with in-person matches. Parents may ultimately not find their match to be helpful,16 and either party can lose their match's phone numbers that can end the relationship or mentor parents may be negligent in following through. Alternatively, parents with babies in the NICU may simply be too busy to utilize phone support.18 Among the studies on the value of in-person or telephone peer support for NICU parents, mothers were the primary recipients of support services; there is minimal research on how fathers might utilize and respond to peer support in the NICU. This should be an area for future 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