PMC:4693303 / 29490-32519 JSONTXT

{"project":"TEST0","denotations":[{"id":"26752867-234-242-1465740","span":{"begin":303,"end":307},"obj":"[\"25420999\"]"},{"id":"26752867-221-227-1465741","span":{"begin":522,"end":524},"obj":"[\"9988162\"]"},{"id":"26752867-236-242-1465742","span":{"begin":849,"end":851},"obj":"[\"26113694\"]"},{"id":"26752867-235-241-1465743","span":{"begin":1069,"end":1071},"obj":"[\"25910637\"]"},{"id":"26752867-229-235-1465744","span":{"begin":2525,"end":2527},"obj":"[\"25950269\"]"}],"text":"POST-EBOLA SYNDROME\nFew scientific investigations have looked at the continuing health-related sequelae among Ebola survivors. Experiences from prior outbreaks identified a set of potential complication “themes” that were seen among survivors, resulting in a loosely coined term, “post-Ebola syndrome.”[7374] A small, retrospective study of Ebola survivors in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1995 found that survivors had significant joint pain, muscle aches, and lethargy up to 2 years after the acute viral illness.[75] In the 2007 Uganda outbreak, Ebola survivors suffered from retro-orbital pain, blurred vision, hearing loss, neurological abnormalities, sleep disturbance, arthralgia, memory loss, confusion, trouble swallowing, and other enduring health complications, the residual effects of which persisted beyond 2 years in some cases.[76] In West Africa approximately 50% of survivors endured these symptoms in addition to fatigue, increased ocular pressure, uveitis, blindness, hair loss, myalgia, menstrual problems, rashes, and various pain syndromes.[77] Furthermore, detailed evaluations of post-Ebola symptomatology should be performed for different outbreaks and strains of EBOV, which may aid in determining potential differences in post-Ebola syndromes between various viral strains.\nA more recent study of 81 patients who were disease free for 4 months in Sierra Leone found that more than half of survivors experienced joint/muscle pain or headaches. Furthermore, 40% of survivors reported insomnia and vision disturbances.[78] Cumulatively, these conditions have the potential to cause a multitude of social, economic, and cultural problems. Consequently, more insight is needed into various post-Ebola physical ailments, the direct impact on survivors, as well as the indirect impact on the society and the economy. Among the countries of Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia alone, the WHO estimates there are at least 13,000 survivors.[79] Of special concern is the recently publicized case of potential post-Ebola relapse in a Scottish survivor who initially contracted Ebola 9 months previously.[80] This case also raised concerns regarding disease “reactivation” and possible risk of viral transmission associated with such occurrences.[81]\nDespite greater awareness of post-Ebola sequelae, it is still extremely difficult to analyze the pathological mechanisms of post-Ebola syndrome. However, there has been recent progress made with an ocular fluid examination in cases of post-Ebola uveitis.[82] Understandably, human studies will continue to be limited because of biosafety concerns, the remote location of outbreaks, inadequate infrastructure in certain areas, and poor surveillance. Currently, the NIH in the United States has initiated the Partnership for Research on Ebola Virus in Liberia III study in partnership with Liberia's Ministry of Health in order to understand the long-term health implications of Ebola, with other similar research efforts in the region being considered.[838485]"}

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"26752867-25420999-60482806","span":{"begin":303,"end":307},"obj":"25420999"},{"id":"26752867-9988162-60482807","span":{"begin":522,"end":524},"obj":"9988162"},{"id":"26752867-26113694-60482808","span":{"begin":849,"end":851},"obj":"26113694"},{"id":"26752867-25910637-60482809","span":{"begin":1069,"end":1071},"obj":"25910637"},{"id":"26752867-25950269-60482810","span":{"begin":2525,"end":2527},"obj":"25950269"}],"text":"POST-EBOLA SYNDROME\nFew scientific investigations have looked at the continuing health-related sequelae among Ebola survivors. Experiences from prior outbreaks identified a set of potential complication “themes” that were seen among survivors, resulting in a loosely coined term, “post-Ebola syndrome.”[7374] A small, retrospective study of Ebola survivors in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1995 found that survivors had significant joint pain, muscle aches, and lethargy up to 2 years after the acute viral illness.[75] In the 2007 Uganda outbreak, Ebola survivors suffered from retro-orbital pain, blurred vision, hearing loss, neurological abnormalities, sleep disturbance, arthralgia, memory loss, confusion, trouble swallowing, and other enduring health complications, the residual effects of which persisted beyond 2 years in some cases.[76] In West Africa approximately 50% of survivors endured these symptoms in addition to fatigue, increased ocular pressure, uveitis, blindness, hair loss, myalgia, menstrual problems, rashes, and various pain syndromes.[77] Furthermore, detailed evaluations of post-Ebola symptomatology should be performed for different outbreaks and strains of EBOV, which may aid in determining potential differences in post-Ebola syndromes between various viral strains.\nA more recent study of 81 patients who were disease free for 4 months in Sierra Leone found that more than half of survivors experienced joint/muscle pain or headaches. Furthermore, 40% of survivors reported insomnia and vision disturbances.[78] Cumulatively, these conditions have the potential to cause a multitude of social, economic, and cultural problems. Consequently, more insight is needed into various post-Ebola physical ailments, the direct impact on survivors, as well as the indirect impact on the society and the economy. Among the countries of Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia alone, the WHO estimates there are at least 13,000 survivors.[79] Of special concern is the recently publicized case of potential post-Ebola relapse in a Scottish survivor who initially contracted Ebola 9 months previously.[80] This case also raised concerns regarding disease “reactivation” and possible risk of viral transmission associated with such occurrences.[81]\nDespite greater awareness of post-Ebola sequelae, it is still extremely difficult to analyze the pathological mechanisms of post-Ebola syndrome. However, there has been recent progress made with an ocular fluid examination in cases of post-Ebola uveitis.[82] Understandably, human studies will continue to be limited because of biosafety concerns, the remote location of outbreaks, inadequate infrastructure in certain areas, and poor surveillance. Currently, the NIH in the United States has initiated the Partnership for Research on Ebola Virus in Liberia III study in partnership with Liberia's Ministry of Health in order to understand the long-term health implications of Ebola, with other similar research efforts in the region being considered.[838485]"}